| ecological genetic studies in the chromosomal form mopti of anopheles gambiae s.str. in mali, west africa. | among the sibling species of the afrotropical anopheles gambiae complex, the nominal taxon (an. gambiae s.str.) is the major malaria vector. its bionomics suggest a man-dependent speciation process which involves, in west africa, various incipient species chromosomally recognized by different combinations of 2r paracentric inversions. one of the most recent evolutionary steps of such a speciation process appears to be the chromosomal form mopti, which is associated with dry season irrigation in ... | 1994 | 7896141 |
| molecular identification of sympatric chromosomal forms of anopheles gambiae and further evidence of their reproductive isolation. | three chromosomal forms of anopheles gambiae s.s., designated as bamako, mopti and savanna, were studied for diagnostic pcr assays based on the analysis of the x-linked ribosomal dna (rdna). the study was performed on a 1.3 kb fragment containing part of the 28s coding region and part of the intergenic spacer region. the amplified material was cut with fourteen restriction enzymes to detect restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps). the enzymes tru9i and hhai produced patterns of dna ban ... | 1997 | 9359579 |
| mark-release-recapture experiments with anopheles gambiae s.l. in banambani village, mali, to determine population size and structure. | mark-release-recapture experiments with anopheles gambiae s.l. were performed during the wet seasons of 1993 and 1994 in banambani, mali. all recaptured mosquitoes were identified to species by pcr analysis and, when possible, by chromosomal analysis to chromosomal form. two species of the an. gambiae complex were present: an. gambiae s.s. and an. arabiensis; their ratio differed greatly from one year to the next. three chromosomal forms of an. gambiae s.s. were found--bamako, savanna and mopti. ... | 1998 | 9513942 |
| the distribution and inversion polymorphism of chromosomally recognized taxa of the anopheles gambiae complex in mali, west africa. | data from polytene chromosome studies on the anopheles gambiae complex in mali were reviewed. the banding pattern was successfully scored in 17,705 specimens from 76 sampling sites representing the main ecological strata of the country. two members of the complex, namely an. arabiensis and an. gambiae, were found widespread and frequently sympatric, with the latter prevalent in most localities. population genetic analysis of the inversion polymorphisms indicated the existence of panmictic condit ... | 1998 | 10645562 |
| the pyrethroid knock-down resistance gene in the anopheles gambiae complex in mali and further indication of incipient speciation within an. gambiae s.s. | in mali the anopheles gambiae complex consists of an. arabiensis and mopti, savanna and bamako chromosomal forms of an. gambiae s.s. previous chromosomal data suggests a complete reproductive isolation among these forms. sequence analysis of rdna regions led to the characterization of two molecular forms of an. gambiae, named m-form and s-form, which in mali correspond to mopti and to savanna/bamako, respectively, while it has failed so far to show any molecular difference between savanna and ba ... | 2003 | 12752657 |
| multilevel analyses of genetic differentiation in anopheles gambiae s.s. reveal patterns of gene flow important for malaria-fighting mosquito projects. | malaria control projects based on the introduction and spread of transgenes into mosquito populations depend on the extent of isolation between those populations. on the basis of the distribution of paracentric inversions, anopheles gambiae has been subdivided into five subspecific chromosomal forms. estimating gene flow between and within these forms of an. gambiae presents a number of challenges. we compared patterns of genetic divergence (f(st)) between sympatric populations of the bamako and ... | 2005 | 15677750 |
| genetic differentiation between the bamako and savanna chromosomal forms of anopheles gambiae as indicated by amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis. | the main vector of malaria in sub-saharan africa, anopheles gambiae, is subdivided into five chromosomal forms. three of them (i.e., bamako, savanna, and mopti) are found in sympatry in mali, where mopti can be distinguished from the other two forms based on differences in the ribosomal dna locus. however, no molecular markers are available to distinguish bamako from savanna. we examined the banding patterns of 139 amplified fragment length polymorphism primer combinations in an attempt to ident ... | 2006 | 16606999 |
| spatial distribution of the chromosomal forms of anopheles gambiae in mali. | maps of the distribution of malaria vectors are useful tools for stratification of malaria risk and for selective vector control strategies. although the distribution of members of the anopheles gambiae complex is well documented in africa, a continuous map of the spatial distribution of the chromosomal forms of an. gambiae s.s. is not yet available at country level to support control efforts. | 2008 | 18847463 |
| field experiments of anopheles gambiae attraction to local fruits/seedpods and flowering plants in mali to optimize strategies for malaria vector control in africa using attractive toxic sugar bait methods. | based on recent studies in israel demonstrating that attractive toxic sugar bait (atsb) methods can be used to decimate local anopheline and culicine mosquito populations, an important consideration is whether the same methods can be adapted and improved to attract and kill malaria vectors in africa. the atsb approach uses fruit or flower scent as an attractant, sugar solution as a feeding stimulant, and an oral toxin. the atsb solutions are either sprayed on vegetation or suspended in simple ba ... | 2010 | 20854666 |
| successful field trial of attractive toxic sugar bait (atsb) plant-spraying methods against malaria vectors in the anopheles gambiae complex in mali, west africa. | based on highly successful demonstrations in israel that attractive toxic sugar bait (atsb) methods can decimate local populations of mosquitoes, this study determined the effectiveness of atsb methods for malaria vector control in the semi-arid bandiagara district of mali, west africa. | 2010 | 20663142 |
| evidence for subdivision within the m molecular form of anopheles gambiae. | the principal vector of malaria in sub-saharan africa, anopheles gambiae is subdivided into two molecular forms m and s. additionally, several chromosomal forms, characterized by the presence of various inversion polymorphisms, have been described. the molecular forms m and s each contain several chromosomal forms, including the savanna, mopti and forest forms. the m and s molecular forms are now considered to be the reproductive units within a. gambiae and it has recently been argued that a low ... | 2007 | 17257119 |