| aflatoxin production of species and strains of the aspergillus flavus group isolated from field crops. | peanuts, cottonseed, rice, and sorghum from texas were sampled over a 3-year period. to insure adequate isolation of alfatoxin-producing species of fungi, low-quality lots were sampled at a rate greater than their respective proportional representation. aflatoxins were found each year in peanut and cottonseed and were found in 2 of 3 years in rice and sorghum. aflatoxins were detected in all four crops. the aspergillus flavus group was much more prevalent in peanut and rice than in cottonseed an ... | 1973 | 4197766 |
| the phylogenetics of mycotoxin and sclerotium production in aspergillus flavus and aspergillus oryzae. | aspergillus flavus is a common filamentous fungus that produces aflatoxins and presents a major threat to agriculture and human health. previous phylogenetic studies of a. flavus have shown that it consists of two subgroups, called groups i and ii, and morphological studies indicated that it consists of two morphological groups based on sclerotium size, called "s" and "l." the industrially important non-aflatoxin-producing fungus a. oryzae is nested within group i. three different gene regions, ... | 2000 | 11273679 |
| genetic isolation among sympatric vegetative compatibility groups of the aflatoxin-producing fungus aspergillus flavus. | aspergillus flavus, a fungal pathogen of animals and both wild and economically important plants, is most recognized for producing aflatoxin, a cancer-causing secondary metabolite that contaminates food and animal feed globally. aspergillus flavus has two self/nonself recognition systems, a sexual compatibility system and a vegetative incompatibility system, and both play a role in directing gene flow in populations. aspergillus flavus reproduces clonally in wild and agricultural settings, but w ... | 2010 | 20025654 |
| survey of aflatoxin concentrations in wild bird seed purchased in texas. | the use of backyard feeders to attract avian wildlife is a common practice throughout the united states. however, feeding wildlife may create a problem due to aflatoxin, a harmful fungal metabolite, which can affect wildlife that are fed contaminated grain. our study was initiated to determine if songbirds were being exposed to aflatoxin-contaminated feed throughout texas. bags of wild bird seed (n = 142) were purchased from grain cooperatives, grocery stores, and pet shops located in the panhan ... | 2001 | 11763750 |
| use of a repetitive dna probe to type clinical and environmental isolates of aspergillus flavus from a cluster of cutaneous infections in a neonatal intensive care unit. | aspergillus flavus is second to a. fumigatus as a cause of invasive aspergillosis, but no standard method exists for molecular typing of strains from human sources. a repetitive dna sequence cloned from a. flavus and subcloned into a puc19 vector, paf28, was used to type 18 isolates from diverse clinical, environmental, and geographic sources. the restriction fragment length polymorphisms generated with ecori- or psti-digested genomic dna and probed with digoxigenin-labeled paf28 revealed comple ... | 2000 | 11015372 |
| regional differences in production of aflatoxin b1 and cyclopiazonic acid by soil isolates of aspergillus flavus along a transect within the united states. | soil isolates of aspergillus flavus from a transect extending from eastern new mexico through georgia to eastern virginia were examined for production of aflatoxin b1 and cyclopiazonic acid in a liquid medium. peanut fields from major peanut-growing regions (western texas; central texas; georgia and alabama; and virginia and north carolina) were sampled, and fields with other crops were sampled in regions where peanuts are not commonly grown. the a. flavus isolates were identified as members of ... | 1999 | 10103234 |
| aflatoxins in domestic and imported foods and feeds. | aflatoxins, metabolic products of the molds aspergillus flavus and a. parasiticus, may occur in foods and feeds. these toxins cannot be entirely avoided or eliminated from foods or feeds by current agronomic and manufacturing processes and are considered unavoidable contaminants. to limit aflatoxin exposure, the u.s. food and drug administration (fda) has set action levels for these toxins in foods and feeds involved in interstate commerce. fda continually monitors food and feed industries throu ... | 1989 | 2759983 |