| malaria in kakuma refugee camp, turkana, kenya: facilitation of anopheles arabiensis vector populations by installed water distribution and catchment systems. | abstract: background: malaria is a major health concern for displaced persons occupying refugee camps in sub-saharan africa, yet there is little information on the incidence of infection and nature of transmission in these settings. kakuma refugee camp, located in a dry area of north-western kenya, has hosted ca. 60,000 to 90,000 refugees since 1992, primarily from sudan and somalia. the purpose of this study was to investigate malaria prevalence and attack rate and sources of anopheles vectors ... | 2011 | 21639926 |
| plasmodium falciparum transmission and aridity: a kenyan experience from the dry lands of baringo and its implications for anopheles arabiensis control. | abstract: background: the ecology of malaria vectors particularly in semi-arid areas of africa is poorly understood. accurate knowledge on this subject will boost current efforts to reduce the burden of malaria in sub-saharan africa. the objective of this study was to describe the dynamics of malaria transmission in two model semi-arid sites (kamarimar and tirion) in baringo in kenya. methods: adult mosquitoes were collected indoors by pyrethrum spray collections (psc) and outdoors by centers fo ... | 2011 | 21569546 |
| dry season ecology of anopheles gambiae complex mosquitoes at larval habitats in two traditionally semi-arid villages in baringo, kenya. | pre-adult stages of malaria vectors in semi-arid areas are confronted with highly variable and challenging climatic conditions. the objective of this study was to determine which larval habitat types are most productive in terms of larval densities in the dry and wet seasons within semi-arid environments, and how vector species productivity is partitioned over time. | 2011 | 21352608 |
| monooxygenase levels and knockdown resistance (kdr) allele frequencies in anopheles gambiae and anopheles arabiensis in kenya. | pyrethroid-treated bed-nets and indoor spray are important components of malaria control strategies in kenya. information on resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in anopheles gambiae and an. arabiensis populations is essential to the selection of appropriate insecticides and the management of insecticide resistance. monooxygenase activity and knockdown resistance (kdr) allele frequency are biochemical and molecular indicators of mosquito resistance to pyrethroids. this study determined baseline ... | 2008 | 18402140 |
| the effects of climatic factors on the distribution and abundance of malaria vectors in kenya. | since 1988 malaria epidemics have occurred in multiple sites in western kenya highlands. climatic variability has been associated with some of the recent epidemics. we examined influences of climatic factors on the distribution and abundance of three malaria vector species, anopheles gambiae, anopheles arabiensis, and anopheles funestus in western kenya and in the great rift valley. mosquito samples were collected from the lowland and highland areas with various climatic conditions. the three ve ... | 2002 | 12495180 |
| host blood meals and chromosomal inversion polymorphism in anopheles arabiensis in the baringo district of kenya. | studies were carried out in the villages of kapkuikui and maji-ndege in the loboi area of baringo district, kenya, to obtain baseline data on species identification of the anopheles gambiae group, their feeding and resting behavior, and their frequencies of chromosomal inversions. this was carried out towards predicting the effect of introducing permethrin-impregnated cloths or other intervention measures. in this study, anopheles arabiensis was identified as the only species of the an. gambiae ... | 1994 | 7707055 |
| microsatellite and mitochondrial genetic differentiation of anopheles arabiensis (diptera: culicidae) from western kenya, the great rift valley, and coastal kenya. | the population genetic structure of the african malaria vector anopheles arabiensis from western kenya, the great rift valley, and coastal kenya was investigated using 12 microsatellite loci and a partial sequence of mtdna dehydrogenase gene subunit 5 (nd5). the mean number of alleles and the observed heterozygosity were similar for the mosquito populations from the three regions as revealed by the microsatellite data. a total of 30 polymorphic sites in the nd5 gene defined 39 haplotypes. six ha ... | 2005 | 16222017 |
| a malariometric survey in turkana district, kenya: chemosensitivity in vivo of plasmodium falciparum infections and identity of the vector. | we have carried out a limited survey in vivo of the efficacy of chloroquine (n = 39) and pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine (n = 29) as treatments for falciparum malaria in kaling, turkana district, northern kenya. both treatments were effective, achieving clinical cure (> 75% reduction in parasitaemia on day 2 with clinical improvement, and negative blood slide on day 7) in both children and adults. a limited entomological survey suggested that the main malaria vector in this area was anopheles arabiens ... | 1996 | 8758085 |