| outbreaks of salmonellosis at elementary schools associated with dissection of owl pellets. | salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium outbreaks occurred at two elementary schools after science club students dissected owl pellets. forty primary cases were identified (26 culture-confirmed). at the first school, pellets were dissected on a cafeteria table, concurrent with after-school child care in the cafeteria. subsequently, the table was not sanitized before use by after-school care students for snack, or before the next school lunch. at the second school, pellets were dissected in a de ... | 2005 | 16011429 |
| antimicrobial-drug susceptibility of human and animal salmonella typhimurium, minnesota, 1997-2003. | we compared antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) subtypes of 1,028 human and 716 animal salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium isolates from minnesota from 1997 to 2003. overall, 29% of human isolates were multidrug resistant. predominant phenotypes included resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol or kanamycin, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole, and tetracycline (acssut or akssut). most human multidrug-resistant isolates belonged to pfge clonal group a, c ... | 2005 | 16485477 |
| multistate outbreak of salmonella typhimurium infections associated with eating ground beef--united states, 2004. | salmonella infections cause an estimated 1.4 million human illnesses and 400 deaths annually in the united states. although the incidence of several other foodborne bacterial infections decreased substantially during 1996-2004, the incidence of salmonella infections declined modestly. in september 2004, the new mexico department of health received reports from the new mexico scientific laboratory division of eight salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium isolates that had indistinguishable pulse ... | 2006 | 16498383 |
| multidrug-resistant salmonella typhimurium in four animal facilities. | in 1999 and 2000, 3 state health departments reported 4 outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness due to salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium in employees, clients, and client animals from 3 companion animal veterinary clinics and 1 animal shelter. more than 45 persons and companion animals became ill. four independent investigations resulted in the testing of 19 human samples and >200 animal samples; 18 persons and 36 animals were culture-positive for s. typhimurium. one outbreak was due to mul ... | 2005 | 16102313 |
| effect of alternative on-site wastewater treatment on the viability and culturability of salmonella choleraesuis. | the objective of this study was to determine how alternative on-site wastewater treatment systems (i.e. subsurface flow constructed wetlands, intermittent sand filters and intermittent peat filters) affect the viability and culturability of salmonella choleraesuis (serotype typhimurium, atcc 23567). influent was a high strength septic tank effluent (bod5 240-344 mgl(-1), tn approximately 100 mgl(-1), tp approximately 15 mgl(-1)) at the natural resources research institute's (nrri) alternative tr ... | 2005 | 15952448 |
| outbreak of multidrug-resistant salmonella typhimurium associated with rodents purchased at retail pet stores--united states, december 2003-october 2004. | during 2004, the minnesota department of health (mdh) public health laboratory notified cdc about the isolation of multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium from ill hamsters from a minnesota pet distributor. this report describes two of the first identified human cases associated with this outbreak, summarizes the multistate investigation of human s. typhimurium infections associated with exposure to rodents (e.g., hamsters, mice, and rats) purchased at pet stores, and highli ... | 2005 | 15889011 |
| use of molecular subtyping in surveillance for salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. | because salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium is the most common serotype isolated from persons with salmonellosis in the united states, it is difficult to detect unusual clusters or outbreaks. to determine whether molecular subtyping could be useful in public health surveillance for s. enterica serotype typhimurium, the minnesota department of health initiated the routine use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) of isolates. | 2001 | 11172141 |
| a recurrent, multistate outbreak of salmonella serotype agona infections associated with dry, unsweetened cereal consumption, united states, 2008. | an outbreak of salmonella enterica serotype agona infections associated with nationwide distribution of cereal from company x was identified in april 2008. this outbreak was detected using pulsenet, the national molecular subtyping network for foodborne disease surveillance, which coincided with company x's voluntary recall of unsweetened puffed rice and wheat cereals after routine product sampling yielded salmonella agona. a case patient was defined as being infected with the outbreak strain of ... | 2013 | 23433369 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility and serovars of salmonella circulating in commercial poultry carcasses and poultry products in brazil. | antimicrobial resistance was evaluated for 12,582 strains of salmonella isolated by public and private laboratories from commercial poultry carcasses and poultry products from different regions in brazil between 2007 and 2011. these isolates were submitted unsolicited to the national reference laboratory for bacterial enteroinfections, oswaldo cruz institute, oswaldo cruz foundation, rio de janeiro, brazil, for conclusive antigenic characterization. the prevalent salmonella enterica serogroups w ... | 2013 | 24290674 |
| reptile-associated salmonellosis in minnesota, 1996-2011. | reptile-associated salmonellosis (ras) occurs when salmonella is transmitted from a reptile to a human. this study describes the epidemiology of ras in minnesota during 1996-2011. all minnesotans with confirmed salmonella infections are reported to the minnesota department of health (mdh). case patients are interviewed about illness characteristics and risk factors, including foods eaten, drinking and recreational water exposures, contact with ill people, and animal contact. willing ras case pat ... | 2015 | 24909385 |
| short communication: determination of salmonella clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crispr) diversity on dairy farms in wisconsin and minnesota. | salmonella enterica ssp. enterica is a foodborne pathogen able to cause disease in both humans and animals. diverse serovars of this pathogen exist, some of which are host specific, causing a range of clinical symptoms from asymptomatic infection through morbidity and mortality. according to a 2007 survey by the usda national animal health monitoring system, fecal shedding of salmonella from healthy cows occurs on 39.7% of dairy farms in the united states. certain serovars are frequently isolate ... | 2014 | 25108866 |
| antimicrobial resistance in enteric pathogens isolated from minnesota pigs from 1995 to 2004. | this study investigated the occurrence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of escherichia coli and salmonella sp. isolated from swine samples submitted to the minnesota veterinary diagnostic laboratory (mvdl) in saint paul, minnesota from 1995 to 2004. during this time period, a total of 5072 e. coli and 2793 salmonella sp. was isolated. most of these isolates were found to be resistant to the tetracycline and beta-lactam group of antibiotics. resistance to spectinomycin was also frequently ob ... | 2011 | 21731182 |
| foodborne outbreak of salmonella subspecies iv infections associated with contamination from bearded dragons. | approximately 1.4 million salmonella infections and 400 deaths occur annually in the united states. approximately 6% of human salmonella cases are thought to be associated with reptiles; salmonella enterica subspecies iv is primarily reptile-associated. during 1-4 december, 2009, three isolates of salmonella iv 6,7:z4,z24:- with indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) patterns were identified through minnesota department of health laboratory-based surveillance. none of the thre ... | 2011 | 21824356 |
| salmonella enterica pulsed-field gel electrophoresis clusters, minnesota, usa, 2001-2007. | we determined characteristics of salmonella enterica pulsed-field gel electrophoresis clusters that predict their being solved (i.e., that result in identification of a confirmed outbreak). clusters were investigated by the minnesota department of health by using a dynamic iterative model. during 2001-2007, a total of 43 (12.5%) of 344 clusters were solved. clusters of ≥4 isolates were more likely to be solved than clusters of 2 isolates. clusters in which the first 3 case isolates were received ... | 2010 | 21029524 |
| salmonellosis outbreak due to chicken contact leading to a foodborne outbreak associated with infected delicatessen workers. | salmonella is the most common bacterial cause of foodborne outbreaks in the united states. starting in june 2007, investigation of a cluster of salmonella montevideo cases with indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) patterns resulted in the identification of an outbreak associated with contact with chickens purchased from a single hatchery. nine minnesota cases from may through august 2007 were part of this outbreak. cases with the outbreak pfge pattern of salmonella montevide ... | 2010 | 20470192 |
| multiple antimicrobial resistance in plague: an emerging public health risk. | antimicrobial resistance in yersinia pestis is rare, yet constitutes a significant international public health and biodefense threat. in 1995, the first multidrug resistant (mdr) isolate of y. pestis (strain ip275) was identified, and was shown to contain a self-transmissible plasmid (pip1202) that conferred resistance to many of the antimicrobials recommended for plague treatment and prophylaxis. comparative analysis of the dna sequence of y. pestis plasmid pip1202 revealed a near identical inc ... | 2007 | 17375195 |
| multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium associated with pet rodents. | an estimated 1.4 million salmonella infections occur annually in the united states. the majority of these infections are foodborne, but many are acquired by contact with animals. in august 2004, isolates of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium, which were indistinguishable from one another by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), were obtained from eight hamsters from a minnesota pet distributor. we conducted an investigation to determine whether human cases of salmonella could be linked ... | 2007 | 17202452 |
| emergence of multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serotype newport in minnesota. | we report a concurrent increase in the number of isolates of salmonella enterica serotype newport and the rate of multidrug resistance in s. newport isolates from animal and human populations in minnesota. antimicrobial susceptibility and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis demonstrated heterogeneity of isolates and showed that 1 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis cluster contained most of the multidrug-resistant isolates with a resistance pattern and most class 1 integron isolates, implying ... | 2006 | 16779749 |
| inferring source attribution from a multiyear multisource data set of salmonella in minnesota. | salmonella enterica is a global health concern because of its widespread association with foodborne illness. bayesian models have been developed to attribute the burden of human salmonellosis to specific sources with the ultimate objective of prioritizing intervention strategies. important considerations of source attribution models include the evaluation of the quality of input data, assessment of whether attribution results logically reflect the data trends and identification of patterns withi ... | 2017 | 28296192 |
| serotypes and antimicrobial resistance in salmonella enterica recovered from clinical samples from cattle and swine in minnesota, 2006 to 2015. | salmonellosis remains one of the leading causes of foodborne disease worldwide despite preventive efforts at various stages of the food production chain. the emergence of multi-drug resistant (mdr) non-typhoidal salmonella enterica represents an additional challenge for public health authorities. food animals are considered a major reservoir and potential source of foodborne salmonellosis; thus, monitoring of salmonella strains in livestock may help to detect emergence of new serotypes/mdr pheno ... | 2016 | 27936204 |
| epidemiology of a salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strain associated with a songbird outbreak. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium is responsible for the majority of salmonellosis cases worldwide. this salmonella serovar is also responsible for die-offs in songbird populations. in 2009, there was an s. typhimurium epizootic reported in pine siskins in the eastern united states. at the time, there was also a human outbreak with this serovar that was associated with contaminated peanuts. as peanuts are also used in wild-bird food, it was hypothesized that the pine siskin ... | 2012 | 22885752 |