| hepatitis b virus infection among mentally retarded patients in institutions, okinawa, japan. | to determine whether transmission of hepatitis b virus occurs among mentally retarded patients in six institutions, from 1986 to 1988, 373 patients (males 203, females 170, 18-53 years of age, mean age 29.9) were tested for hepatitis b markers. seventy five of them had down's syndrome. overall prevalences were 9.1% for hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), 39.7% for antibody to hbsag (anti-hbs) and 48.0% for antibody to hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc). prevalence of hbsag was significantly hi ... | 1989 | 2807128 |
| seroepidemiologic study of adult t-cell leukemia virus (atlv) and hepatitis b virus infection in okinawa, japan. | a total of 2,283 serum samples were collected from healthy subjects in three islands of the yaeyama district of okinawa, japan. these sera were tested for the presence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), for antibody to hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc), and for antibody to adult t-cell leukemia-associated antigen (anti-atla). correlation between hepatitis b virus infection and adult t-cell leukemia virus (atlv) infection was determined by using the prevalence rates for three virus markers ... | 1988 | 2905414 |
| the elimination of hepatitis b virus infection: changing seroepidemiology of hepatitis a and b virus infection in okinawa, japan over a 26-year period. | serial changes in hepatitis a virus (hav) and b virus (hbv) markers were determined from 1970 to 1996 in healthy japanese residents of a rural area of okinawa, japan. all 190 serum samples taken in 1970, 791 in 1980, 708 in 1988, and 523 in 1996 from residents 0 to more than 60 years of age were tested for antibody to hav (anti-hav), antibody to hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc), and hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag). the age-adjusted prevalences of anti-hav and anti-hbc decreased significan ... | 1998 | 9840583 |
| clinical outcomes of hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotypes b and c in japanese patients with chronic hbv infection. | the aims of this retrospective survey were to determine the epidemiologic distribution of hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotypes and analyze the genotype-related clinical differences among japanese patients with chronic hbv infection. the 158 surveyed patients with chronic hbv infection lived in fukuoka and okinawa were serially tested for serum alanine aminotransferase (alt) and hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag). follow-up was for a period of 10.8 +/- 6.4 years (mean +/- sd). the hbv genotypes were dete ... | 2002 | 12389939 |
| prevalence of liver abnormalities in the general population of okinawa, japan. | a total of 2,825 japanese over 20 years of age living in the yaeyama district of okinawa, japan were investigated in 1983 and 1984 to determine the prevalence and risk factors of liver abnormalities. obesity index, hepatitis b virus markers, hepatitis c virus marker and serum transaminase were measured and the history of alcohol intake was recorded. people with elevated transaminase levels were assumed to have abnormalities of the liver. the overall prevalence of liver abnormalities was 3.6% and ... | 1997 | 9430951 |
| seroepidemiological study of hepatitis delta virus infection in okinawa, japan. | a seroepidemiological study on hepatitis delta virus (hdv) infection was conducted in the okinawan islands, the area of japan where hepatitis b virus infection is most prevalent. the subjects of this study included 116 asymptomatic hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) carriers, 48 patients with chronic hepatitis (ch), 19 with liver cirrhosis (lc), and 11 with hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). among the 194 serum samples examined, a total of 10 (5.2%) were anti-hdv seropositive. anti-hdv was detecte ... | 1995 | 7775953 |
| [an epidemiologic study of hepatitis b virus in yaeyama, okinawa]. | | 1984 | 6500477 |
| transmission of hepatitis b virus among siblings. | the authors investigated families with at least one hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) carried in okinawa, japan, to determine possible routes of hepatitis b virus transmission within family units. a total of 175 members of 37 families on the western part of iriomote island, okinawa, were followed up for 2-13 years; 68 were hbsag-positive at least once. sera were collected once a year. all serum samples were assayed by radioimmunoassay to determine presence of hbsag, antibody to hbsag (anti-hbs ... | 1984 | 6475930 |
| large-scale survey of hepatitis b virus infection in families. | to investigate hbv transmission in families on three islands in okinawa, japan, prevalence of hbv markers in two groups of inhabitants was determined. one group consisted of members of families in which there was at least one hbsag carrier (carrier families); the other group consisted of members of families in which there were no hbsag carriers (non-carrier families). a total of 3,261 serum samples were collected from subjects on iriomote island, hateruma island, and yonaguni island. these sampl ... | 1985 | 4079845 |
| age-specific prevalence of hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag) and antibody to hbeag (anti-hbe) among asymptomatic hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) carriers in okinawa and kyushu, japan. | a total of 1,741 asymptomatic hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) carriers in two areas (okinawa and kyushu) in japan were surveyed for the presence of hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag) and the corresponding antibody (anti-hbe) to determine the age-specific prevalence of these markers and the mean age of carriers with hbeag. prevalence of hbeag was significantly higher in kyushu (36.4% of 755 carriers) than in okinawa (20.0% of 986 carriers) (p less than 0.001). the mean age of carriers with hbeag w ... | 1986 | 3773791 |
| changing pattern of intrafamilial transmission of hepatitis b virus in okinawa, japan. | to investigate the pattern of intrafamilial spread of hepatitis b virus, the authors conducted a seroepidemiologic survey of nursery school children aged 1-5 years as well as family studies of the hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag)-positive children found in the survey in 1980 and 1985 in the yaeyama district of okinawa, japan. the data from these family studies were compared with data from the studies conducted in 1968-1980 in the same area. although the prevalence of hbsag was not different f ... | 1988 | 3354543 |
| [the epidemiological study on hepatitis b virus infection in miyako district--relationship to the mass survey of filariasis]. | it has been well known that the transmission of hb virus is associated with mass inoculation and other medical procedures. in order to make clear the relation between hbv infection and the mass survey for filariasis on which sera of the examinees were drawn from their earlobes for the detecting of microfilaria with inadequately sterilized instruments, a epidemiological study was conducted in miyako district. okinawa prefecture, japan, in which both hbv infection and filariasis were prevalent. a ... | 1990 | 2230366 |
| frequency of concurrence of hepatitis b surface antigen and antibody in a large number of carriers in okinawa, japan. | a large number of chronic hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) carriers in okinawa, japan were tested for antibody to hbsag (anti-hbs), by both radioimmunoassay and enzyme immunoassay methods. concurrence of hbsag and anti-hbs was found in 166 (26.1%). we found no clear predominance of either liver damage or hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag) in the concurrent carriers studied. antibody to pre-s2 antigen (anti-pre-s2) was detected in 16 (9.6%) of 166 subjects with concurrent markers, 15 of these 16 ca ... | 1990 | 2227250 |
| marked decrease of hepatitis b virus infection among children in okinawa, japan. | during the period 1980-1989 in okinawa, japan, serologic markers of hepatitis b infection (hepatitis b surface antigen; hbsag, antibody to hepatitis b core antigen; anti-hbc) were investigated in nursery school children (1-4 years of age). prevalences of hbsag were 1.1-1.5% in the period from 1980-1984, but decreased to under 1.0% in the period from 1985. in 1989 there were two carriers in nursery schools, both born in 1985 or fathers who were hbsag carriers. prevalences of anti-hbc were 3.3-7.1 ... | 1990 | 2150669 |
| natural seroconversion from hepatitis be antigen to antibody among hepatitis b virus carriers in okinawa islands. | in the okinawa islands, the great majority of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) carriers have already acquired antibody to hepatitis be antigen (anti-hbe) by the age of 30 years (preliminary cross-sectional data). to elucidate natural seroconversion from hepatitis be antigen (hbeag) to anti-hbe among hbsag carriers found in the islands of okinawa prefecture, 34 hbeag-positive hbsag carriers were followed for 1-6 years with serial measurements of aminotransferase levels, hbeag, and anti-hbe. th ... | 1991 | 1890412 |
| decrease of hepatitis a and b virus infections in the population of okinawa, japan. | in 1988 1282 serum samples were collected from healthy japanese persons living on hateruma island (574 samples) and iriomote island (708 samples) in okinawa, japan. serological markers of hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection [hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), antibody to hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc) were investigated and the findings compared with samples taken in 1980 on hateruma island and in 1970 and 1980 on iriomote island. the samples collected in 1988 on iriomote island were also te ... | 1991 | 1753133 |
| [correlation between hepatitis b virus infection and chronic liver disease in okinawa]. | in okinawa prefecture, prevalence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) among blood donors is 3.5% and is twice as high as the average for the whole of japan (1.5%), and is the highest in japan (p less than 0.005). in contrast, mortality rates of both liver cirrhosis (lc) and primary liver cancer (plc) in okinawa are the lowest in japan. many epidemiological studies have shown that the positive rate of hbsag correlates with mortality rate of plc. to elucidate the cause of this epidemiological d ... | 1992 | 1402058 |
| [epidemiological study of hepatitis b and c virus in okinawa and kyushu, japan]. | epidemiological studies of hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection in okinawa and kyushu have been conducted since 1970. early in the study period, the prevalence of hbsag on iriomote and hateruma islands in okinawa was 9.0% and 6.1%, respectively, which were significantly higher than the 2.4% in kyushu. prevalence of anti-hbc on iriomote island was 59.8% and that on hateruma island 70.9%, also which were significantly higher than the 30.9% in kyushu. prevalence of hbv infe ... | 1992 | 1331575 |
| differences of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with hepatitis b virus genotypes of ba, bj or c in japan. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotypes b (hbv/b) and c (hbv/c) are prevalent in asia. recently hbv/b has been classified into two subtypes, hbv/ba which is ubiquitously found in asia, and hbv/bj which is specific in japan. in addition, the frequency of positive hbeag has been reported to be higher in patients with hbv/ba than those with hbv/bj. however, little is known about the differences between patients with various genotypes who developed hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). in 296 serum samples of h ... | 2005 | 15920348 |
| difference in prognosis between patients infected with hepatitis b virus with genotype b and those with genotype c in the okinawa islands: a prospective study. | the factors contributing to the prognosis of hepatitis b virus (hbv)- related chronic liver disease were assessed prospectively in 72 patients with chronic hepatitis b confirmed clinically and pathologically. a comparative study was undertaken between patients infected with genotype b and those with genotype c. during the follow-up period, 13 (81.3%) of 16 patients with genotype b who were initially hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag) positive became hbeag negative and 14 (51.9%) of 27 with genotype c ... | 2003 | 12766996 |
| genotype analysis, using pcr with type-specific primers, of hepatitis b virus isolates from patients coinfected with hepatitis delta virus genotype ii from miyako island, japan. | the aims of this study were to determine the hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotypes in hepatitis delta virus (hdv) rna-positive patients and to characterize the hbv nucleotide sequences that may be found on a distant island of japan. | 2003 | 12684550 |
| preponderance of hepatitis b virus genotype b contributes to a better prognosis of chronic hbv infection in okinawa, japan. | the present study was designed to examine the distribution of hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotypes among patients at various stages of chronic liver disease type b in okinawa prefecture, japan, where the prevalence of hepatitis b surface antigen is the highest in japan despite the lowest mortality rate from primary liver cancer. serum samples from 227 hbv carriers were determined for hbv genotype by polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-restriction fragment length polymorphism. five of 227 sera were nega ... | 2002 | 12115993 |
| geographic distribution of hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotype in patients with chronic hbv infection in japan. | the geographic distribution of hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotypes in japan and its clinical relevance are poorly understood. we studied 731 japanese patients with chronic hbv infection. hbv genotype was determined by the restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) method after polymerase chain reaction (pcr). of the 720 patients with positive pcr, 12 (1.7%) were hbv genotype a, 88 (12.2%) were genotype b, 610 (84.7%) were genotype c, 3 (0.4%) were genotype d, and 7 (1.0%) were of mixed genoty ... | 2001 | 11526547 |
| hepatitis b surface antigen disappearance and hepatitis b surface antigen subtype: a prospective, long-term, follow-up study of japanese residents of okinawa, japan with chronic hepatitis b virus infection. | to determine the natural course of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) disappearance in chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection and the factors related to its disappearance, 946 hbsag carriers in okinawa, japan were prospectively followed for up to 19 years (mean = 9.2 years). the disappearance of hbsag, as determined by radioimmunoassay (ria), was observed in 62 (6.6%) and the overall annual disappearance rate was 0.79%/year. its disappearance was more frequent in 60 (7.4%) of 815 serum sampl ... | 1999 | 10348237 |
| a survey on the vaccination practice for perinatal hepatitis b virus infection at a clinic in okinawa, japan. | the prevalence of hepatitis b (hb) virus carrier mothers and the hb immunization rate at a clinic in okinawa prefecture were investigated. the prevalence of hb virus carrier mothers during 1981-1985, 1986-1994 and 1995-1997 were 3.5%, 2.3% and 1.1% respectively. according to the national prevention program, passive-active immunoprophylaxis with hb immune globulin (hbig) and hb vaccine was carried out for 12 infants born to hb virus carrier mothers positive for hbe antigen (high risk infants) and ... | 1998 | 10050208 |
| subtypes of hepatitis b surface antigen in familial clusters of hepatitis b virus carriers. | a total of 919 hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) positive serum samples from kyushu and okinawa, japan, were subtyped for the d, y, w, and r specificities. there was a great difference in distribution of subtypes between kyushu, where over 70% of the samples were adr, and okinawa, where over 70% were adw. among 306 members of 109 families with two or more hepatitis b virus carriers, hbsag subtype was always identical within each family, even when there had been close contact between members of ... | 1983 | 6650480 |
| an epidemiologic study of hepatitis b virus in okinawa and kyushu, japan. | in 1968-1981, a total of 3222 serum samples were collected from healthy subjects in okinawa--in ishigaki city, on hateruma island, and on iriomote island--and in kyushu, in fukuoka city and nichinan city. these serum samples were tested for the presence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) by reverse passive hemagglutination (rpha), for antibody to hepatitis b surface antigen (anti-hbs) by passive hemagglutination (pha) and radioimmunoassay (ria), and for antibody to hepatitis b core antigen ( ... | 1983 | 6650479 |
| typing hepatitis b virus by homology in nucleotide sequence: comparison of surface antigen subtypes. | the complete nucleotide sequences of the dna of three hepatitis b virus (hbv) genomes of subtype adw, cloned from plasma samples of asymptomatic carriers living in the mainland and okinawa prefecture of japan and indonesia were determined. all three comprised 3215 bp and differed in sequence by only 3.9 to 5.6%. when these isolates were compared with the reported sequences of two hbv genomes of the same subtype derived from american carriers, however, the differences were greater (8.3 to 9.3% to ... | 1988 | 3171552 |