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environmental and geographical factors contributing to watershed contamination with cryptosporidium parvum oocysts.cryptosporidium parvum is a waterborne parasite which infects cattle and produces life-threatening zoonosis in people with impaired immune systems. digital maps of 100-year floodplain boundaries, land use/cover, and livestock operations were used to select and characterize cattle farms in the floodplain area in lancaster county, pennsylvania, u.s.a. over 21% of the cattle farms were located within 100-year floodplain boundaries. on average, a single farm comprised 12.8 ha of pasture (including b ...200010702335
prevalence of cryptosporidium species and genotypes in mature dairy cattle on farms in eastern united states compared with younger cattle from the same locations.feces collected from 541 milking cows on two dairy farms each in vermont, new york, pennsylvania, maryland, virginia, north carolina, and florida were examined for the presence of cryptosporidium oocysts. oocysts were concentrated from 15 g of feces from each cow and dna was extracted. a two-step nested pcr protocol was used to amplify an 830 base pair fragment of the ssurrna gene. pcr-positive products were purified and sequenced. pcr-positive findings were obtained from cows in all seven state ...200717287086
recovery of cryptosporidium oocysts and giardia cysts from source water concentrates using immunomagnetic separation.immunomagnetic separation (ims) procedures for the simultaneous isolation of cryptosporidium oocysts and giardia cysts have recently become available. we validated dynal's gc-combo ims kit using source water at three turbidity levels (5000, 500 and 50 nephelometric turbidity units [ntu]) obtained from different geographical locations and spiked with approximately 9--11 (oo)cysts per ml. mean recoveries of cryptosporidium oocysts and giardia cysts in deionized water were 62% and 69%, respectively ...200111311391
biofilm roughness determines cryptosporidium parvum retention in environmental biofilms.the genus cryptosporidium is a group of waterborne protozoan parasites that have been implicated in significant outbreaks of gastrointestinal infections throughout the world. biofilms trap these pathogens and can contaminate water supplies through subsequent release. biofilm microbial assemblages were collected seasonally from three streams in eastern pennsylvania and used to grow biofilms in laboratory microcosms. daily oocyst counts in the influx and efflux flow allowed the calculation of dail ...201222492449
fecal shedding of cryptosporidium oocysts in healthy alpaca crias and their dams.to determine the apparent prevalence of shedding of cryptosporidium spp in healthy alpaca crias and their dams on 14 farms in new york and 1 farm in pennsylvania.201222852576
seasonal retention and release of cryptosporidium parvum oocysts by environmental biofilms in the laboratory.cryptosporidium is a genus of waterborne protozoan parasites that causes significant gastrointestinal disease in humans. these parasites can accumulate in environmental biofilms and be subsequently released to contaminate water supplies. natural microbial assemblages were collected each season from an eastern pennsylvania stream and used to grow biofilms in laboratory microcosms in which influx, efflux, and biofilm retention were determined from daily oocyst counts. for each seasonal biofilm, oo ...201020023100
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