| [geographical distribution of chloroquine-resistant strains of malignant malaria in yunnan province]. | | 1986 | 3527435 |
| [malaria situation in the people' s republic of china in 2004]. | in 2004, 38,972 malaria cases and 106,704 suspected cases with 31 deaths were reported by the annual case reporting system in 1,005 counties of 23 provinces/municipality/autonomous region (p/ m/a) and the annual incidence was 0.38/10 000, a decrease of 4.2% than that of the last year, which is the year that the disease was slightly rolled back after consecutively increased since 2001. as an important development of the case reporting system, the internet reporting system started in 2004, majorit ... | 2006 | 16866130 |
| mekong malaria. ii. update of malaria, multi-drug resistance and economic development in the mekong region of southeast asia. | in an expansion of the first mekong malaria monograph published in 1999, this second monograph updates the malaria database in the countries comprising the mekong region of southeast asia. the update adds another 3 years' information to cover cumulative data from the 6 mekong countries (cambodia, china/yunnan, lao pdr, myanmar, thailand, viet nam) for the six-year period 1999-2001. the objective is to generate a more comprehensive regional perspective in what is a global epicenter of drug resist ... | 2003 | 15906747 |
| changes in susceptibility of plasmodium falciparum to artesunate in vitro in yunnan province, china. | we investigated changes in the susceptibility of plasmodium falciparum to artesunate in vitro using rieckmann's microtest in yunnan province, china, during the period 1988 to 1999. longitudinal surveillance studies in 1988, 1992 and 1999 revealed that the ic50s were 6.2, 7.2 and 20.7 nmol/l, respectively and mean concentrations completely inhibiting schizont formation (cimc) were 37.8, 46.1 and 74.0 nmol/l, respectively. the ic50 and cimc in 1999 were 3.3 and 2 times greater than in 1988. in cro ... | 2003 | 14584382 |
| [genotypes of merozoite surface protein 2 of plasmodium falciparum in different malaria endemic areas]. | to determine the genotypes and distribution of msp2 of plasmodium falciparum isolates in yunnan and hainan provinces, china. | 2001 | 12572012 |
| [malaria situation in the people's republic of china in 1999]. | although the middle and lower reaches of changjiang river were consecutively stricken by severe flood in 1998 and 1999, the transmission of malaria was not frequent and prevalence of the disease was basically stable with no reports of outbreaks in the above areas, which was attributed to the intensification of malaria surveillance, prompt implementation of integrated measures including mosquito control and chemoprophylaxis, as well as the zoophilous trend of anopheles sinensis, the vector in the ... | 2000 | 12567683 |
| [sequence analyzing and genotyping of the gene encoding glutamate rich protein of geographically different plasmodium falciparum isolates obtained from different malaria endemic areas]. | to sequence a gene encoding glurp and identify the genotypes of geographically different plasmodium falciparum isolates from yunnan and hainan provinces, china. | 2000 | 12567458 |
| [genotype and sequence analysis of merozoite surface protein 1 of plasmodium falciparum isolates in yunnan province]. | to identify the genotype of merozoite surface protein 1 of plasmodium falciparum in yunnan province and explore the polymorphism of msp1 genes in geographical characteristics and genetics. | 1999 | 12563834 |
| sequence analysis and genotypes of glutamate rich protein of plasmodium falciparum isolates from different malaria endemic areas in china. | to sequence the gene encoding glutamate rich protein (glurp) and identify the genotypes of geographically different plasmodium falciparum (p. f) isolates from china. | 2002 | 12046543 |
| molecular assessment of plasmodium falciparum resistance to antimalarial drugs in china. | in china, chloroquine (cq) and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (sp) were abandoned for the treatment of falciparum malaria 20 years ago due to resistance. subsequent field studies showed a trend of declining cq and sp resistance in the country. the main purpose of this study was to analyse the molecular markers of antimalarial resistance and thereby to assess the possibility of reintroduction of cq or sp for falciparum malaria treatment. | 2009 | 19772548 |
| the in vivo sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine in the red river basin, yunnan, china. | the sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine in vivo was examined out in a small town in the red river basin from 1995 to 1996. forty cases were recruited into the present study, 32 cases were completely followed-up. the results of the in vivo study revealed that only 3 (9%) cases were sensitive to chloroquine, 29 (90.6%) showed resistance to chloroquine, among whom 7 cases (22%) showed resistance at ri, 12 cases (38%) at rii, and 10 cases (31%) at riii. it is suggested that p. falcip ... | 1998 | 10772547 |
| border malaria in yunnan, china. | yunnan province, due its international borders with myanmar, vietnam and lao pdr has a large number of imported cases of malaria, including a high proportion of plasmodium falciparum, as a result of the mobility of the population. this movement is due to workers coming from other provinces where there is no malaria to work in the productive tropical lowlands. chinese nationals who have gone to work in neighboring countries, border trade and refugees from myanmar. much of yunnan is peopled by eth ... | 1997 | 9561591 |
| [sequence analysis of apical membrane antigen i from a plasmodium falciparum isolate collected from mengpeng township, yunnan province]. | genomic dna from a plasmodium falciparum isolate (cmp-1) collected from a falciparum malaria patient at mengpeng township, mengla county, yunnan province was used as the template for pcr amplification primered with oligonucleotides from the conserved regions of the apical membrane antigen i (ama-1) as reported. pcr products recovered from the low melting-point agarose gel electrophoresis were digested with bamhi and ecori to generate fragments approximately 420, 445 and 900 bp which were used as ... | 1995 | 8556798 |
| [longitudinal surveillance of chloroquine resistance of plasmodium falciparum after cessation of medication in south yunnan]. | the resistance of p. falciparum to chloroquine was assayed by in vitro microtest in 1981 and after cessation of medication in 1984, 1988-1990 and 1992 in south yunnan province of china. the resistance rates were 97.4% (38/39), 100% (25/25), 96.1% (73/76) and 93.7% (59/63), respectively; id50 were 170, 132, 125 and 110 nmol/l; id95 were 1,000, 740, 707 and 576 nmol/l; mean dosages for complete inhibition of schizont formation were 55.4, 46.7, 45.8 and 35.4 (pmol/well). a comparison of the results ... | 1994 | 8044901 |
| [malaria situation in the people's republic of china in 1993. advisory committee on malaria, moph]. | according to case reporting from different provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities (p/a/m), the number of malaria cases amounted to 58,569 in the country (taiwan not included) in 1993, the mean incidence being 4.982 per a hundred thousand, and the lethal cases due to malaria were 19. among a total of 1.0862 billion population residing in areas where there were no reported malaria cases or the incidence was below 0.01%, 78.9 million in areas with an incidence of 0.10-1% and 10.6 million in ar ... | 1994 | 7867146 |
| [survey on the chloroquine susceptibility of plasmodium falciparum in the menglun area, yunnan province]. | | 1983 | 6357479 |
| [malaria situation in china, 1988. advisory committee on parasitic diseases]. | in 1988, the number of malaria cases reported was 134.2 thousand (taiwan province not included). comparing with 210.6 thousand cases reported in 1987, a decrease of 36.3% was noted. based on data reported by each county in the country, about 950.7 million people in 2,541 counties/cities were living in areas where malaria incidence was less than 0.1 per 1,000 (including originally malaria-free areas as well as areas free from the disease); 96.6 million people in 207 counties/cities with an incide ... | 1989 | 2699279 |
| [surveillance of imported falciparum malaria in yongkang county, zhejiang province]. | from august 1985 to february 1987, 43 cases with falciparum malaria were noted in yongkang county of zheijiang province, an area breed from the disease. these patients had been to the border area between yunnan province and burma, approximately making up 5-7% of the returned population from the endemic area. most of cases were found during the periods of january to march and june to august when they came home. no introduced case was reported due to prompt case diagnosis and treatment as well as ... | 1989 | 2530001 |
| [analysis of causes of malaria outbreaks in yunnan province, 1981-1985]. | the incidence of malaria in yunnan province has decreased year by year in recent years. however, focal outbreaks in small scale still occurred every year. the average morbidity in villages with outbreaks was 15.22-70.82%, and the plasmodium positive rate 6.36-34.69%, in which the percentage of plasmodium falciparum 34.55-63.63%. the main cause of outbreaks was the existence of residual source of malaria infection and the concomitance of high density of anopheles. eradication of the vector and er ... | 1990 | 2182195 |
| [molecular identification of naturally acquired plasmodium knowlesi infection in a human case]. | to confirm the diagnosis of a human case with atypical vivax-malaria from yunnan province by molecular technique. | 2006 | 17094597 |
| [establishment of in vitro microtest for determining sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum to pyronaridine]. | to establish an in vitro microtest for determining the sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum to pyronaridine. | 2006 | 16862905 |
| [malaria situation in the people's republic of china in 2003]. | total 40,681 malaria cases and 129,147 suspected cases with 52 deaths were reported by the case reporting system in 910 counties of 21 provinces/municipality/autonomous region (p/m/a) in 2003, and the annual incidence was 0.39/10000, an increase of 15.3% than that of the last year, which is the third year that malaria incidence consecutively increased since 2001. based on a baseline survey in the project funded by the global fund to fight aids, tuberculosis and malaria (gfatm), the estimated num ... | 2005 | 16566200 |
| molecular analysis of chloroquine resistance in plasmodium falciparum in yunnan province, china. | resistance of plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine (cq) is determined by the mutation at k76t of the p. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt) gene and modified by other mutations in this gene and in the p. falciparum multidrug resistance 1 (pfmdr1) gene. to determine the extent of polymorphisms in these genes in field p. falciparum isolates from yunnan province of china, we genotyped the pfcrt codon 76, pfmdr1 codons 86 and 1246. our results showed that although cq has been withd ... | 2007 | 17875016 |
| [malaria situation in the people's republic of china in 2002]. | this summary was made on the basis of the annual reports of malaria control from the professional institutions in the 21 provinces/municipality/autonomous region (p/m/a). the number of malaria cases reported in the country was 35,298 in the year 2002 and the incidence rate was 0.348/10,000, an increase of 68.2% than that of the last year and the largest increase since 1994. the total number of suspected cases was 136,902, and the death toll due to malaria was 42. based on the numbers of malaria ... | 2003 | 14628361 |
| [malaria situation in the people's republic of china in 2006]. | totally 64,178 malaria cases and 52,082 suspected cases with 38 deaths were reported by the annual case reporting system in 917 counties of 23 provinces/municipality/autonomous regions (p/m/a) in 2006, and the annual incidence was 0.50/10,000. through the internet reporting system 60,382 malaria cases were reported from 1,097 counties of 30 p/m/a. the number of malaria cases and the rank of p/m/a were basically in concordance in the two systems. among the 917 counties with reported malaria cases ... | 2007 | 18441886 |
| no pfatpase6 s769n mutation found in plasmodium falciparum isolates from china. | artemisinin and its derivatives have been used for falciparum malaria treatment in china since late 1970s. monotherapy and uncontrolled use of artemisinin drugs were common practices for a long period of time. in vitro tests showed that the susceptibility of plasmodium falciparum to artemisinins was declining in china. a concern was raised about the resistance to artemisinins of falciparum malaria in the country. it has been reported that in vitro artemisinin resistance was associated with the s ... | 2008 | 18606023 |
| monitoring plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance in yunnan province, china, 1981-2006. | the emergence and spread of drug resistant malaria parasites are an important factor contributing to the global resurgence of malaria, demonstrating the essence of drug resistance surveillance in endemic areas. in the malarious border regions of yunnan province, china, we have selected three study sites to monitor in vitro and in vivo resistance of plasmodium falciparum parasites to chloroquine (cq) from 1981 to 2006. in vitro studies using the microtest clearly showed high degree of cq resistan ... | 2008 | 18822265 |
| assessment of therapeutic efficacy of chloroquine against falciparum malaria in an outbreak area in xishuangbanna, yunnan. | to investigate the failure of treatment with chloroquine in yunnan in order to help formulate adequate antimalarial drug policy. | 2002 | 12567568 |
| [malaria situation in the people's republic of china in 2007]. | total 50148 malaria cases and 83551 suspected cases with 18 deaths were reported by the annual case reporting system in 1182 counties of 23 provinces/municipality/autonomous region (p/m/a) in 2007, and the annual incidence was 0.39/10000. through the internet reporting system 46,988 malaria cases were reported from 1097 counties of 31 p/m/a. the number of malaria cases and the rank of p/m/a were basically in concordance in two systems. among the 1182 counties with reported malaria cases, 26 coun ... | 2008 | 19288908 |
| space-time variation of malaria incidence in yunnan province, china. | understanding spatio-temporal variation in malaria incidence provides a basis for effective disease control planning and monitoring. | 2009 | 19646240 |
| diversity and prevalence of the c-terminal region of plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 in china. | malaria continues to be a significant health concern for regions of southeastern asia. scientists have focused much effort on the development and regional testing of a vaccine against the most virulent of the pathogens that cause the disease, plasmodium falciparum. the 19kda cooh-terminal region of the merozoite surface protein 1 (pfmsp1-19) is considered to be a potentially important component of a malaria vaccine and yet, to date, there is little data from china with regard to pfmsp1-19 divers ... | 2010 | 20709011 |
| the efficacy of different mosquito trapping methods in a forest-fringe village, yunnan province, southern china. | despite a control program, malaria incidence in yunnan has increased and knowledge of vector bionomics is needed for efficient control. multi-drug resistant plasmodium falciparum necessitates alternatives to human landing catches as a means of studying vectors. therefore cdc light traps with uv or ordinary incandescent bulbs were tested for 57 trap nights. 2,703 mosquitos were caught, including the vector species an. minimus and an. sinensis and the suspected vector an. maculatus. larval an. dir ... | 2001 | 11556577 |
| [malaria situation in the people's republic of china in 2009]. | totally 14,491 malaria cases and 59 741 suspected cases with 12 deaths were reported by the annual case reporting system in 1171 counties of 23 provinces/municipalities/autonomous regions (p/m/a) in 2009, and the annual incidence was 0.11/10,000. through the internet reporting system, 14,140 malaria cases were reported from 956 counties of 30 p/m/ a. the number of malaria cases and the rank of p/m/a were basically in concordance in the two systems. among the 1171 counties with reported malaria c ... | 2011 | 21823314 |
| a household randomized, controlled trial of the efficacy of 0.03% transfluthrin coils alone and in combination with long-lasting insecticidal nets on the incidence of plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax malaria in western yunnan province, china. | mosquito coils are the most commonly used household insecticidal product in the world with sales exceeding 50 billion coils, used by two billion people worldwide annually. despite strong evidence that coils prevent mosquito bites a systematic review concluded that there is no evidence that burning mosquito coils prevents malaria acquisition. therefore, the current trial was designed to measure and compare prevention of malaria infection by mosquito coils or long-lasting insecticidal net (llin) o ... | 2014 | 24885993 |
| [cloning and sequence analysis of the gene encoding the second region of msa1 from three chinese isolates of plasmodium falciparum]. | gene encoding the second region of merozoite surface antigen (msa1-r2) of three chinese isolates of plasmodium falciparum from hainan, yunnan and anhui were amplified by pcr, cloned into m13 and sequenced. comparison among msa1-r2 sequences from different isolates of p. falciparum shows that there is no difference among the three chinese isolates. the sequence of msa1-r2 of the chinese isolates are highly homologous with that of wellcome from west africa. the sequence flanking the upstream of th ... | 1996 | 9388985 |
| microgeographic heterogeneity of border malaria during elimination phase, yunnan province, china, 2011-2013. | to identify township-level high-risk foci of malaria transmission in yunnan province, china, along the international border, we retrospectively reviewed data collected in hospitals and clinics of 58 townships in 4 counties during 2011-2013. we analyzed spatiotemporal distribution, especially hot spots of confirmed malaria, using geographic information systems and getis-ord gi*(d) cluster analysis. malaria incidence, transmission seasonality, and plasmodium vivax:p. falciparum ratio remained almo ... | 2016 | 27433877 |
| [malaria situation in the people's republic of china in 1994. advisory committee on malaria, moph]. | according to case reporting system, the number of malaria cases amounted to 62,101 in the country (taiwan province not included) in 1994, showing a mean incidence of 5,292 per a hundred thousand, and 43 deaths were caused by the disease. an increase of 3,532 malaria cases was revealed while comparing with the data of 1993. a total of 1,083 billion population resided in areas where there were no reported malaria cases or the incidence was below 0.01%, 80 million in areas with incidence of 0.01-0. ... | 1995 | 8556787 |
| evaluation of the population structure and genetic diversity of plasmodium falciparum in southern china. | yunnan and hainan provinces are the two major endemic regions for plasmodium falciparum malaria in china. however, few studies have investigated the characteristics of this parasite. therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and population structure of p. falciparum to predict the geographic origin of falciparum malaria. | 2015 | 26194795 |
| amplification of pfmdr1, pfcrt, pvmdr1, and k13 propeller polymorphisms associated with plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax isolates from the china-myanmar border. | malaria in the china-myanmar border region is still severe; local transmission of both falciparum and vivax malaria persists, and there is a risk of geographically expanding antimalarial resistance. in this research, the pfmdr1, pfcrt, pvmdr1, and k13-propeller genotypes were determined in 26 plasmodium falciparum and 64 plasmodium vivax isolates from yingjiang county of yunnan province. the pfmdr1 (11.5%), pfcrt (34.6%), and pvmdr1 (3.1%) mutations were prevalent at the china-myanmar border. th ... | 2015 | 25691632 |
| [malaria situation in china, 1989. advisory committee on parasitic diseases, moph]. | according to the case reporting system, malaria cases in the whole country (taiwan province not included) in 1989 accounted for 137,540, the incidence being 12.56/100,000, and lethal cases, 60. all these were close to those (134,156, 12.44/100,000, and 53) in 1988, while an insidious increase was in view. on the basis of county/city reckoning, about 984.5 million people reside in 2,576 counties/cities where malaria incidence was less than 0.1 per 1,000 (including non-endemic areas); 80.2 million ... | 1990 | 2099250 |
| impact of climate variability on plasmodium vivax and plasmodium falciparum malaria in yunnan province, china. | malaria remains a public health problem in the remote and poor area of yunnan province, china. yunnan faces an increasing risk of imported malaria infections from mekong river neighboring countries. this study aimed to identify the high risk area of malaria transmission in yunnan province, and to estimate the effects of climatic variability on the transmission of plasmodium vivax and plasmodium falciparum in the identified area. | 2013 | 24341555 |
| distinctive origin and spread route of pyrimethamine-resistant plasmodium falciparum in southern china. | southeast asia (the thailand-cambodia border) has been considered the primal epicenter for most antimalarial drug resistance; however, numerous molecular epidemiological studies have successively reported multiple independent origins of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (sp) resistance-associated plasmodium falciparum dhfr (pfdhfr) and pfdhps alleles in other areas. to better understand the origin and evolutionary pathway of the sp resistance in southeast asia, a total of 374 p. falciparum field isolate ... | 2014 | 24145550 |
| molecular epidemiology of drug resistance markers of plasmodium falciparum in yunnan province, china. | the mutations in plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt), multidrug resistance 1 (pfmdr1), dihydrofolate reductase (pfdhfr), dihydropteroate synthase (pfdhps) and atpase (pfatp6) genes were associated with anti-malaria drug resistance. the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of polymorphisms in pfcrt, pfmdr1, pfdhfr, pfdhps and pfatp6 in yunnan province. finger-prick blood samples were collected from malaria-positive patients from yunnan province in 2009- ... | 2012 | 22839209 |
| [malaria situation in the people's republic of china in 2010]. | totally 7,855 malaria cases and 34,082 suspected cases with 19 deaths were reported by the annual case reporting system in 1,191 counties of 23 provinces/municipalities/autonomous regions (p/m/a) in 2010 and the annual incidence was 0.06/10000. through the internet reporting system 7433 malaria cases were reported from 974 counties of 31 p/m/a. the number of malaria cases and the ranking of p/m/a were basically in concordance between the two systems. among the 1,191 counties with reported malari ... | 2011 | 24822335 |
| once malaria is eliminated, more attention should be paid to imported malaria: data from five years of surveillance in the city of yiwu in eastern china. | this study reviewed and analyzed data on malaria cases in yiwu from 2012 to 2016 via a webbased system for managing and reporting information on infectious diseases. a total of 161 cases were diagnosed (77.02% due to plasmodium falciparum, 18.01% due to p. vivax, 4.35% due to p. ovale, and 0.62% due to p. malariae). one case was imported from yunnan province in china and the others were imported from overseas. the ratio of male to female patients was 7.47:1. the average age was 36.34 years (sd: ... | 2017 | 28626211 |
| in vivo monitoring of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine sensitivity in plasmodium falciparum along the china-myanmar border of yunnan province, china from 2007 to 2013. | artemisinin-based combination therapy (act) is the recommended first-line treatment of falciparum malaria in all endemic countries. artemisinin resistance in plasmodium falciparum has been confirmed in the greater mekong subregion (gms). dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (dapq) is the most commonly used act in china. to understand the dapq sensitivity of p. falciparum, dapq resistance was monitored in vivo along the china-myanmar border from 2007 to 2013. | 2015 | 25652213 |
| lessons from malaria control to elimination: case study in hainan and yunnan provinces. | reduction patterns of plasmodium falciparum and p. vivax malaria transmission and the role of an integrated strategy of case management and vector control are compared between different ecological zones. the epidemiology of malaria in hainan and yunnan provinces was disparate, even though distinct malaria control strategies have been adapted to different situations based on risk group, vector behaviours, local health infrastructure, and environmental conditions. the island hainan appears to be v ... | 2014 | 25476881 |
| a molecular survey of febrile cases in malaria-endemic areas along china-myanmar border in yunnan province, people's republic of china. | imported malaria is a major threat to neighboring malaria-eliminating countries such as p.r. china and is difficult to monitor. a molecular survey of febrile patients with a history of traveling abroad along the myanmar-china endemic border areas from january 2008 to august 2012 was carried out. the rates of infection with species of plasmodium and compliance of microscopy diagnosis with nested pcr (polymerase chain reaction) results were calculated. | 2014 | 24954235 |
| clinical malaria along the china-myanmar border, yunnan province, china, january 2011-august 2012. | passive surveillance for malaria cases was conducted in yunnan province, china, along the china-myanmar border. infection with plasmodium vivax and p. falciparum protozoa accounted for 69% and 28% of the cases, respectively. most patients were adult men. cross-border travel into myanmar was a key risk factor for p. falciparum malaria in china. | 2014 | 24656298 |