| viral pathogenesis of a nephrotropic infectious bronchitis virus isolated from commercial pullets. | infectious bronchitis was diagnosed in 3-to-4-week-old pullets from an outbreak in a commercial flock in california. the disease was characterized by head swelling, watery discharge from the eyes and nostrils, and urates in kidneys. mortality ranged from 1.8% to 12.5% per week. the isolation of a coronavirus from a suspension of pooled kidneys from clinically ill chickens at the fifth passage in 10-day-old chicken embryos, gross and histologic renal lesions, and seroconversion by enzyme-linked i ... | 1991 | 1649594 |
| health survey of backyard poultry and other avian species located within one mile of commercial california meat-turkey flocks. | a survey was conducted to characterize domestic and exotic bird populations, estimate seroprevalence to selected disease agents, and describe health management practices on 62 premises containing "backyard" flocks located within one mile of 22 commercial california meat-turkey flocks participating in national animal health monitoring system (nahms). chickens were present on 56 backyard premises and turkeys on seven. antibodies were identified against mycoplasma gallisepticum, m. synoviae, m. mel ... | 1991 | 1854324 |
| a novel protein polymorphism differentiates the california serotype of infectious bronchitis from other serotypes common to california. | the california (cal) serotype of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was isolated from layer flocks in southern california in the early 1980s. since then, it has spread to the broiler-producing regions of central california, where it has been implicated in respiratory disease outbreaks in vaccinated flocks. lack of a procedure for quickly identifying ibv serotypes in commercial chicken flocks has prevented the causal association of the ibv cal serotype with respiratory disease outbreaks. a protein ... | 1997 | 9211233 |
| comparisons of envelope through 5b sequences of infectious bronchitis coronaviruses indicates recombination occurs in the envelope and membrane genes. | a 1.78 kb sequence, including the e, m, 5a and 5b genes, and the intergenic region between the m and 5a genes, of six us strains of infectious bronchitis (corona)virus (ibv) were sequenced and compared to the published sequences for two additional strains. the overall identities as determined through pairwise analyses of nucleotide sequences of the entire 1.78kb region ranged from 90 to 99%, with the 5b open reading frame (orf) having the greatest identity (94-99%) while the identities of the e, ... | 2004 | 15019237 |
| data from 11 years of molecular typing infectious bronchitis virus field isolates. | in 1993, a new molecular typing method for infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was introduced. this method uses reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis of the spike gene to obtain rflp patterns that correlate with serotype. using that test at the poultry diagnostic and research center (pdrc, university of georgia, athens, ga), we have identified a total of 1523 ibv isolates in the past 11 yr. the data were obtained from ... | 2005 | 16405010 |
| genotypic and phenotypic characterization of the california 99 (cal99) variant of infectious bronchitis virus. | the california 99 (cal99) variant of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was first recovered in 1999 from vaccinated broiler chicken flocks in central california. the s1 hypervariable region of cal99 genome was most closely related to arkansas (ark) serotype viruses. in this study, the complete genome of cal99 was sequenced, and the structural protein genes were compared with those of commonly used ibv vaccines as well as those of isolates from naturally occurring outbreaks in different parts of t ... | 2007 | 16927130 |
| molecular and serologic characterization, pathogenicity, and protection studies with infectious bronchitis virus field isolates from california. | in this study, we characterized three variant infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains isolated in 2003 and 2004 from broiler chickens in california and compared them to previously isolated california variant viruses and to common vaccine serotypes used in the united states. we conducted genetic, serologic, and pathogenicity studies on all three isolates, then tested different vaccines against one of the viruses. genetically the three variant ibv strains, designated ca557/03, ca706/03, and ca17 ... | 2007 | 17626478 |
| evaluation of the effectiveness of two infectious bronchitis virus vaccine programs for preventing disease caused by a california ibv field isolate. | infectious bronchitis virus ca99 serotype was isolated from several broiler flocks in northern california. the virus caused late-onset respiratory disease and increased airsacculitis condemnation in affected flocks despite the use of an established infectious bronchitis virus vaccination program. an experimental study compared holland/arkansas and massachusetts/arkansas vaccination protocols to determine the efficacy of commercial infectious bronchitis virus vaccines in reducing respiratory dise ... | 2007 | 17626488 |
| massachusetts live vaccination protects against a novel infectious bronchitis virus s1 genotype dmv/5642/06. | four infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) isolates were recovered from commercial broiler chicken flocks located on the delmarva peninsula (east coast of the united states) in the spring of 2006. sequence analysis of the s1 subunit of the spike glycoprotein gene showed the four isolates were highly related to each other (> or = 99.6% nucleotide identity; > or = 98.9% amino acid identity). basic local alignment search tool analysis indicated the highest s1 amino acid identity of isolate dmv/5642/06, ... | 2009 | 19432014 |
| characteristics of a very virulent infectious bursal disease virus from california. | an outbreak of infectious bursal disease (ibd) in two california layer flocks resulted in the isolation of two infectious bursal disease viruses designated ra and rb. increased mortality plus gross and histopathology in the layer flocks suggested ra and rb could be very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv). preliminary studies indicated that high mortality resulted when bursa homogenates from the layer farms were used to inoculate specific-pathogen-free (spf) chicks. in addition, ra ... | 2009 | 20095162 |
| attenuated live vaccine usage affects accurate measures of virus diversity and mutation rates in avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | the full-length genomes of 11 infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) field isolates from three different types of the virus; massachusetts (mass), connecticut (conn) and california (cal) isolated over a 41, 25 and 8 year period respectively, were sequenced and analyzed to determine the mutation rates and level of polymorphisms across the genome. positive selection was not detected and mutation rates ranged from 10(-4) to 10(-6)substitutions/site/year for mass and conn ibv types where attenuated live ... | 2011 | 21539870 |
| nephritis associated with infectious bronchitis virus cal99 variant in game chickens. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) cal99 variant was isolated from the kidneys of seven 2-5-mo-old game chickens with nephritis and respiratory disease. ibv cal99 variant is usually associated with respiratory disease in broiler chickens in california. macroscopically, the majority of the birds had moderately to severely enlarged and mottled pale kidneys, with increased urates in the ureters. microscopically, most of the birds had acute nephrosis and interstitial nephritis. the birds also had sin ... | 2011 | 22017040 |
| seroepidemiologic survey of potential pathogens in obligate and facultative scavenging avian species in california. | throughout the world, populations of scavenger birds are declining rapidly with some populations already on the brink of extinction. much of the current research into the factors contributing to these declines has focused on exposure to drug residues, lead, and other toxins. despite increased monitoring of these declining populations, little is known about infectious diseases affecting scavenger bird species. to assess potential infectious disease risks to both obligate and facultative scavenger ... | 2015 | 26606755 |
| variability assessment of california infectious bronchitis virus variants. | on the basis of the data from the california animal health and food safety laboratory system, 1444 infectious bronchitis (ib) cases were diagnosed between 1997 and 2012. epidemiologic analyses demonstrated two major ib virus (ibv) outbreak peaks, affecting mainly 35-to-49-day-old broiler chickens. california variant 1737 (ca1737) and california variant 1999 (cal 99) ibv types were the most prevalent genotypes during the analyzed period. to further understand the increased prevalence of these gen ... | 2016 | 27309282 |
| genetic diversity of avian infectious bronchitis virus california variants isolated between 1988 and 2001 based on the s1 subunit of the spike glycoprotein. | twenty-nine isolates of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) recovered from commercial chicken flocks in california between 1988 and 2001 and identified as california variants by serotype and direct automated cycle sequencing of the ibv spike glycoprotein s1 subunit, were further characterized phylogenetically and by nucleotide sequence comparison. california variants were grouped according to production type of chicken, by comparison with public access sequence databases (ncbi genbank and em ... | 2003 | 12536299 |
| sequence comparison of avian infectious bronchitis virus s1 glycoproteins of the florida serotype and five variant isolates from georgia and california. | the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) spike glycoprotein s1 subunit is required to initiate infection and contains virus-neutralizing and serotype-specific epitope(s). reported are the s1 gene nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences for the florida 18288 strain and isolates ga-92, cv-56b, cv-9437, cv-1686, and 1013. these sequences were compared with previously published gene sequences of ibv strains, and phylogenetic relationships are reported. the s1 amino acid sequence of florida 18288 ... | 1998 | 9778790 |