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malignant catarrhal fever caused by ovine herpesvirus-2 in pigs in norway.this paper describes the first cases of malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) in pigs in which the diagnosis was verified aetiologically by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and dna analysis and by the demonstration of antibodies. three pigs on two separate premises showed clinical signs, gross pathological and histopathological lesions which were in many respects similar to those of mcf in ruminants. the pigs were housed adjacent to sheep and dna of ovine herpesvirus-2 (ohv-2) was detected by pcr in ti ...19989829302
isolation and expression of three open reading frames from ovine herpesvirus-2.ovine herpesvirus-2 (ovhv-2), a member of the gammaherpesviruses (genus rhadinovirus), asymptomatically infects its natural host, the sheep, but causes malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) in susceptible hosts, such as cattle, deer and pigs. a permissive cell culture system for virus replication has not been identified but viral dna is present within lymphoblastoid cell lines (lcls) established from cases of mcf. during this study, a cdna expression library generated from lcls was screened with sheep ...200211842248
ovine herpesvirus 2 lytic cycle replication and capsid production.ovine herpesvirus 2 (ovhv-2) causes malignant catarrhal fever in cattle, pigs and deer. we have observed intact circular and linear ovhv-2 genomes in infected t cell lines derived from cows and rabbits. bovine t cell lines were predominantly latently infected but rabbit t cell lines supported ovhv-2 productive cycle gene expression and virus capsids were demonstrated for the first time.200212466476
[virus in sheep's skin].in a double sense, the ovine gamma herpesvirus type 2 (ovhv-2) is a virus in sheep's skin. not only is it present world wide in all sheep breeds but also it causes malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) in cattle pigs, elk, and bison. ovhv-2 cannot be propagated in cell culture. therefore, new results from ovhv-2 research are based on molecular techniques and may be summarized as follows. ovhv-2 is transmitted by respiratory routes as well as by sexual intercourse. lambs are infected within the first f ...200515861922
differential transcription of ovine herpesvirus 2 genes in lymphocytes from reservoir and susceptible species.ovine herpesvirus 2 (ovhv-2) is a lymphotropic gammaherpesvirus that asymptomatically infects most sheep, but causes malignant catarrhal fever in cattle, bison, pigs and deer. there is no permissive cell culture system but ovhv-2-infected t lymphocytes can be cultured from diseased animals. we showed that the ovhv-2 genome was in a circular conformation in sheep peripheral blood mononuclear cells and that the latency-associated orf73 was transcribed, while expression of the productive cycle gene ...200616525732
malignant catarrhal fever in pigs and a genetic comparison of porcine and ruminant virus isolates in finland.an outbreak of the sheep-associated form of malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) in a finnish sow herd was diagnosed by histopathology and confirmed by pcr. several gilts and sows were suffering from high fever and anorexia and had aborted, and six of them had died. typical signs of lymphoproliferation and vasculitis were observed histologically in several tissues, including the uterus. ovine herpesvirus-2 (ovhv-2) was detected by pcr in two sows. sequences of the ovhv-2 tegument protein gene obtaine ...200616997996
malignant catarrhal fever: a review.malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) is a fatal lymphoproliferative disease of cattle and other ungulates caused by the ruminant gamma-herpesviruses alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (alhv-1) and ovine herpesvirus 2 (ovhv-2). these viruses cause inapparent infection in their reservoir hosts (wildebeest for alhv-1 and sheep for ovhv-2), but fatal lymphoproliferative disease when they infect mcf-susceptible hosts, including cattle, deer, bison, water buffalo and pigs. mcf is an important disease wherever reser ...200918760944
ovine herpesvirus 2 structural proteins in epithelial cells and m-cells of the appendix in rabbits with malignant catarrhal fever.sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (mcf), caused by ovine herpesvirus 2 (ovhv-2), is a usually fatal disease of various ruminants and swine. a system for propagation of ovhv-2 in vitro has not yet been identified, although persistently infected cells have been derived from diseased animals and used to establish an animal model in rabbits. ovhv-2 structural proteins have not been detected in diseased animals and the pathogenesis of ovhv-2 infection is poorly understood. recently, the geno ...200919249164
naturally occurring sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever in north american pigs.two cases of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) in pigs were diagnosed on a small farm in new york, and in kentucky. in both cases, the initial diagnosis was based on histopathological changes representing typical lymphoproliferative vasculitis in multiple tissues of the affected pigs. ovine herpesvirus 2 (ovhv-2) dna was detected by polymerase chain reaction in the tissues of affected pigs in both cases. the amplified sequences were identical between the clinically affected pigs a ...200919286508
infection with ovine herpesvirus 2 in norwegian herds with a history of previous outbreaks of malignant catarrhal fever.infection with ovine herpesvirus 2 (ovhv-2) in healthy cattle, swine, sheep, and goats was investigated on 43 selected norwegian farms; of which, 41 (95%) had experienced outbreaks of malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) in cattle and/or swine during the preceding 5 years. two of the farms had no history of mcf and were included for control purposes. blood samples from 384 cattle, 40 sows, 75 sheep, and 4 goats were examined for ovhv-2 by polymerase chain reaction assay (pcr) and for antibodies using ...200919286510
identification of peripheral blood mononuclear cells targeted by ovine herpesvirus-2 in sheep.sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (mcf), caused by ovine herpesvirus 2 (ovhv-2), is usually a fatal disease of various ruminants and swine. in contrast, natural ovhv-2 infection in sheep, which are the main ovhv-2 reservoir, proceeds without any clinical symptoms. since the range of targeted cells may be important for pathogenesis, we wanted to analyze the natural range of peripheral mononuclear blood cells (pbmc) targeted by ovhv-2. to this end, ovhv-2-free sheep were exposed to natura ...201019783107
transmission of ovine herpesvirus 2 from asymptomatic boars to sows. 201021122250
a possible case of caprine-associated malignant catarrhal fever in a domestic water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) in switzerland.abstract:201122132808
host and viral traits predict zoonotic spillover from mammals.the majority of human emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic, with viruses that originate in wild mammals of particular concern (for example, hiv, ebola and sars). understanding patterns of viral diversity in wildlife and determinants of successful cross-species transmission, or spillover, are therefore key goals for pandemic surveillance programs. however, few analytical tools exist to identify which host species are likely to harbour the next human virus, or which viruses can cross species ...201728636590
malignant catarrhal fever in kune kune pigs in the uk. 201121709048
studies on the aetiology of non-suppurative encephalitis in pigs.thirty-eight natural cases of aetiologically unclear non-suppurative encephalitis in pigs were studied retrospectively. brain samples were examined for the presence of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2), porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (prrsv), porcine enteroviruses (pevs), ovine herpesvirus type 2 (ovhv-2), borna disease virus (bdv) and suid herpesvirus type 1 (suhv-1) by molecular biological and immunohistochemical methods. histological examination of the brains revealed var ...200717951563
[porcine malignant catarrhal fever: diagnostic findings and first detection of the pathogenic agent in diseased swine in switzerland].for the first time ovine herpesvirus 2 (ovhv-2) was identified in swiss pigs as the causative agent of porcine malignant catarrhal fever (mcf). diseased animals from two farms were observed to show weakness, anorexia, fever up to 41 degrees c, and neurological symptoms, i.e. ataxia, convulsions and hyperesthesia, erosion on the snout and in the oral and nasal mucosa, as well as multiple skin lesions. histopathological findings included severe non-purulent inflammation with mononuclear cell infil ...200312649951
detection of two novel porcine herpesviruses with high similarity to gammaherpesviruses.evidence for the existence of porcine gammaherpesviruses was obtained by pcr and sequence analysis. initially, samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc), spleens, lungs, kidneys and livers of pigs from germany and spain were tested with a pcr assay which targets conserved regions of the herpesvirus dna polymerase gene with degenerate and deoxyinosine-substituted primers. amplicons of identical sequence were obtained from one spleen and two pbmc samples. this sequence showed a high per ...199910211967
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