| effect of leukocyte hydrolases on bacteria. xiv. bacteriolytic effects of human sera, synovial fluids, and purulent exudates on staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus faecalis: modulation by cohn's fraction ii and by polyelectrolytes. | normal sera and plasma, derived from humans, calves, rats, rabbits, horses, human synovial fluids, inflammatory exudates, and leukocyte extracts, when sufficiently diluted are highly bacteriolytic for staph, aureus, strep. faecalis, b. sutilis and to a variety of gram-negative rods. on the other hand, concentrated serum or the other body fluids are usually not bacteriolytic for these bacterial species. while the lysis of staph, aureus and b. subtilis by diluted serum is not lysozyme dependent, l ... | 1979 | 92458 |
| alkyl streptozotocin analogues with improved biological activities. | alkyl 16alpha- and -beta-glycosides of a series of n3-alkyl homologues of streptozotocin were synthesized from glucosamine hydrochloride. these compounds, when tested against ascites sarcoma 180, ehrlich ascites carcinoma, or leukemia l1210, exhibited potent antitumor activities, and antibacterial and diabetogenic activities were eliminated. furthermore, the acute toxicities of these compounds were lower than that of streptozotocin. the methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, and n-butyl glycosides of streptoz ... | 1976 | 133244 |
| specificity in enzyme inhibition. 3. synthesis of 5-substituted 2,2-dimethyl-4-imidazolidinones as inhibitors of tyrosine decarboxylase and histidine decarboxylase. | 2,2-dimethyl-4-imidazolidinone derivatives of the alpha-amino acids dl-phenylglycine (1), dl-phenylalanine (2), l-tyrosine (3), l-histidine (4), and l-tryptophan (5) were prepared in order to assess their specificity in inhibiting amino acid decarboxylases. treatment of th alpha-aminonitriles with acetone in the presence of base and heat or treatment of the alpha-amino amides with acetone gave the title compounds in 48-85% yield. the compounds afforded moderate ability to inhibit the decarboxyla ... | 1976 | 173851 |
| heterogeneity of nonimmune immunoglobulin fc reactivity among gram-positive cocci: description of three major types of receptors for human immunoglobulin g. | two hundred and thirty strains of various gram-positive cocci were tested for quantitative, nonimmune binding of radiolabeled human polyclonal immunoglobulin g (igg). the majority of coagulase-positive staphylococci and streptococci belonging to serogroups c and g showed a high uptake of igg. the binding of immunoglobulin to group a streptococci was considerably less, with a number of strains completely negative. none of the pneumococcal or the group b or d streptococcal strains displayed any bi ... | 1977 | 409673 |
| effect of enteric micro-organisms on intestinal sugar and fatty acid absorption. | the effect of micro-organisms contaminating the upper intestinal contents of malnourished children on intestinal absorption of 3-0 methyl-alpha-d-glucopyranose (3-m.g.) and oleic acid was studied in rats in vivo. oleci acid absorption was unaffected by non-pathogenic e. coli but decreased by e. coli 0111, salmonella paratyphi b., shigella sonnei and candida sp. this effect was probably explained by intestinal secretion diluting the test solution leading to a decreased diffusion gradient for solu ... | 1977 | 603464 |
| dihydrofolate reductases in some folate-requiring bacteria with low trimethoprim susceptibility. | dihydrofolate reductases from the folate-requiring strains streptococcus faecalis atcc 8043, lactobacillus casei atcc 7496, and pediococcus cerevisiae atcc 8081, as well as from lactobacillus arabinosus, which is not dependent on exogenous folate, were isolated, and their properties were compared to reductases of escherichia coli b, staphylococcus aureus, and rat liver reductase. an inhibition profile with six different inhibitors revealed significant differences among all enzymes. all lactobaci ... | 1978 | 686702 |
| degradation of n-nitrosamines by intestinal bacteria. | a major proportion of bacterial types, common in the gastrointestinal tract of many animals and man, were active in degrading diphenylnitrosamine and dimethylnitrosamine, the former being degraded more rapidly than the latter. at low nitrosamine concentrations (is less than 0.05 micronmol/ml), approximately 55% of added diphenylnitrosamine, 30% of n-nitrosopyrrolidine, and 4% of dimethylnitrosamine were degraded. the route of nitrosamine metabolism by bacteria appears to be different from that p ... | 1975 | 803287 |
| quinazolines as inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase. 3. analogs of pteroic and isopteroic acids. | a series of 19 quinazoline analogs of pteroic and isopteroic acid was prepared with particular emphasis being placed upon carboxylic acid esters. each compound was evaluated as an inhibitor of the dihydrofolate reductases from rat liver as well as from streptococcus faecium. several of the more potent inhibitors were found to be inactive against l1210 leukemia in mice at low dose levels and were lethal to mice at 100 mg/kg. six compounds were also evaluated for antimalarial activity against plas ... | 1975 | 811798 |
| pyelonephritis. xix. immunization against enterococcal pyelonephritis. | a study has been done of immunization against streptococcus faecalis pyelonephritis in the rat. intravenous, subcutaneous, and bladder immunizations were tested with intravenous and retrograde challenge. logarithmic and stationary growth phase organisms were used separately for both immunization and challenge. the only instance of significant, but incomplete, protection was in animals immunized subcutaneously or intravenously and challenged intravenously with log phase organisms. no correlation ... | 1976 | 821898 |
| synthesis and biological activity of some new furan quaternary salts. | a series of new n-(5-substituted 2-furfuryl)-n,n-dimethyl-n-aryloxyalkyl quaternary ammonium salts relating to general structure iv has been synthesized by reacting 5-substituted 2-(n,n-dimethylaminomethyl)furans iia-d with appropriate aryloxyalkyl bromides iii. the resulting compounds are tested for in vitro antimicrobial activity. a simpler synthesis of 5-nitro-2-(n,n-dimethylaminomethyl)furan (iid) involving the reduction of n,n-dimethyl-5-nitro-2-furamide (ib) with diborane is described. a n ... | 1977 | 833814 |
| metabolic studies in the pyelonephritic rat. | insulin antagonism characterizes infection, but the mechanism is unknown. previous studies have been performed during the acute catabolic stage of infection, and the resultant metabolic changes reflect this decreased food intake and weight loss. to delineate metabolic alterations due to infection itself, rats with pyelonephritis induced by tail-vein injection of 1 ml. of streptococcus faecalis (10(9) bacteria per milliliter) were studied two weeks later during a period of near-normal weight gain ... | 1975 | 1175860 |
| macrophage response to bacteria: induction of marked secretory and cellular activities by lipoteichoic acids. | lipoteichoic acids (ltas) from various bacterial species, including staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae, enterococcus faecalis, and listeria monocytogenes, were examined for the ability to induce secretory and cellular responses in a pure population of bone marrow-derived mononuclear phagocytes. some of the highly purified ltas, in particular ltas from bacillus subtilis, s. pyogenes, e. faecalis, and enterococcus hirae, were able to affect each of the macropha ... | 1992 | 1500175 |
| role of neisseria gonorrhoeae and chlamydia trachomatis in intraabdominal abscess formation in the rat. | our concept of the pathogenesis of acute salpingitis and advanced pelvic infection, such as tuboovarian abscess, is evolving. although neisseria gonorrhoeae and chlamydia trachomatis are thought to play a significant role in acute pelvic inflammatory disease, other microorganisms, such as aerobes and anaerobes, have repeatedly been reported to play a significant role, also, particularly in the patient with advanced disease. a study was designed to evaluate the pathogenesis, and particularly any ... | 1991 | 1903166 |
| cefpirome, alone and in combination with gentamicin for enterococcal pyelonephritis in the rodent model. | the in vitro and in vivo activity of cefpirome (cf) against enterococcus faecalis gk strain was examined. the ratio of minimal inhibitory to bactericidal concentration (mic/mbc) values in microgram/ml were (a) ampicillin 0.8/1.5; (b) gentamicin 2/25; (c) vancomycin, 0.8/50; and (d) cf, 8/32. a time-kill study using 10(7) organisms per milliliter showed a drop of 3 logs10 at 4 hr in the tube containing cefpirome (10 micrograms/ml) as well as the tube containing cefpirome (5 micrograms/ml) plus ge ... | 1991 | 1909613 |
| [immunological analysis of streptococcus sanguis antigens]. | the exact cause of behçet's disease is still unknown. recently, advanced bacterial studies revealed that behçet's disease was related to streptococcus (s.) sanguis. however, the antigenicity of s. sanguis has not been fully studied. in this study, we clarified the antigenicity of s. sanguis. we made s. sanguis antigens: mechanical braun extract (mbe) and crude cell wall (ccw) from the whole cells, membrane fraction (mf) and cytoplasmic fraction (cf) from mbe, cell wall fragment (cwf) and lipotei ... | 1990 | 2396588 |
| effects of clindamycin and gentamicin and other antimicrobial combinations against enterococci in an experimental model of intra-abdominal abscess. | a model was developed to permit direct assessment of antibiotic efficacy against enterococcus species in experimental intra-abdominal abscess. abscesses yielded enterococcus faecalis in pure culture. antimicrobials were delivered by precisely controlled continuous intravenous infusion. after five days of therapy, ampicillin alone or in combination with gentamicin reduced residual bacterial titers from 7.93 +/- 1.05 (untreated) to 3.51 +/- 1.07 and 3.52 +/- 0.81 log10 colony forming units per gra ... | 1989 | 2528215 |
| pathogenicity of enterococci in a rat model of fecal peritonitis. | the pathogenicity of enterococci in intraabdominal sepsis has not been clarified. therefore, fecal-type peritonitis was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of barium sulfate along with a bacterial inoculum consisting of escherichia coli, bacteroides fragilis, and clostridium perfringens with or without streptococcus faecalis. mortality at 19 d and characteristics of intraabdominal abscesses in survivors at 19 d were analyzed. the presence of s. faecalis in the original inoculum was sign ... | 1989 | 2543707 |
| reduced adherence to traumatized rat heart valves by a low-fibronectin-binding mutant of staphylococcus aureus. | isogenic strains of staphylococcus aureus, differing in fibronectin binding, were constructed for studies of the contribution of fibronectin binding to the in vivo pathogenesis of staphylococcal disease. mutagenesis of s. aureus 879r4s was accomplished by mating with enterococcus faecalis fa378 that carried the transposon tn918. four low-fibronectin-binding mutants were identified that bound 24- to 35-fold less fibronectin than the parent strain did. a spectinomycin-resistant strain, r4ssp, was ... | 1989 | 2545622 |
| activity of ly146032 in vitro and in experimental enterococcal pyelonephritis. | the efficacy of ly146032 (ly), a new lipopeptide antibiotic, was compared with that of vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, imipenem, and gentamicin and combinations of ly-ceftriaxone, ly-imipenem, and ly-gentamicin against 15 strains of streptococcus (enterococcus) faecalis by microtiter dilution and checkerboard techniques. ly was effective within a very narrow range of drug concentrations (from 0.125 to 2.0 micrograms/ml) and was more active than other agents tested against s. faecalis. en ... | 1987 | 2820299 |
| comparison of single and multiple doses of prophylactic antibiotics in experimental streptococcal endocarditis. | single-doses or short-term administration of beta-lactam antibiotics alone or combined with aminoglucoside antibiotics have failed to consistently prevent experimental streptococcal endocarditis induced by high inocula of bacteria poorly susceptible to killing by these antibiotics. the optimal duration of administration of antibiotics for successful prophylaxis under these circumstances has not been established. we therefore tested, in rats with catheter-induced sterile aortic vegetations, the d ... | 1987 | 3111743 |
| [clinical and experimental studies of the pathogenicity of enterococcus faecalis in the urinary tract]. | | 1987 | 3112456 |
| comparison of 1% silver sulfadiazine with and without 1% chlorhexidine digluconate for topical antibacterial effect in the burnt infected rat. | the addition of 1% chlorhexidine digluconate to 1% silver sulfadiazine cream (cdss) was compared with 1% silver sulfadiazine (ss) alone to assess the antibacterial effect of a once-daily application of the therapies on an experimental rat model with a 20% full-thickness burn wound seeded with 10(8) microorganisms originally isolated from infected wounds of burn patients. separate series evaluated staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter cloacae, and streptococcus faecalis. the ... | 1988 | 3128553 |
| activity of e-3846, a new fluoroquinolone, in vitro and in experimental cystitis and pyelonephritis in rats. | the in vitro antibacterial activity of e-3846, a new fluoroquinolone carboxylic acid derivative with a pyrrol ring substituent at position 7, was evaluated in comparison with norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. e-3846 was more active than the reference quinolones against staphylococcus species, including methicillin-resistant strains. e-3846 was similar to ciprofloxacin and more active than norfloxacin against streptococcus (enterococcus) faecalis. in general, e-3846 was more active than norfloxacin ... | 1988 | 3134844 |
| bacterial endocarditis in rats with experimental enterococcal pyelonephritis. | | 1985 | 3921625 |
| granulomatous enterocolitis induced in rats by purified bacterial cell wall fragments. | this study was designed to determine if poorly biodegradable bacterial cell wall components can produce chronic intestinal inflammation. a sterile aqueous suspension of sonically disrupted group a or group d streptococcal cell wall fragments was injected intramurally into the small intestine and cecum of 100 rats. gross findings in rats killed at intervals of 1 day to 6 mo included intestinal thickening, adhesions, and mesenteric contraction. acute histologic inflammation subsided by 2 wk, but c ... | 1985 | 3926593 |
| effects of monoassociation with cariogenic streptococci on lymphoid tissue in the intestine and spleen of harvard rats. | | 1985 | 3927310 |
| serum proteins of gnotobiotic rats. | cellulose-acetate and agar gel immunoelectrophoresis were used to study the serum protein patterns of germfree rats before and after monoassociation with a pure culture of staphylococcus aureus (phage type 80/81), streptococcus faecalis, lactobacillus acidophilus, bacteroides fragilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, or proteus vulgaris. all six bacteria quickly established themselves in the gastrointestinal tract of the germfree rat, and all six increased the animals' total serum proteins. only s. aure ... | 1972 | 4120245 |
| metabolism of drugs by microorganisms in the intestine. | | 1974 | 4155602 |
| polygammaglutamyl metabolites of methotrexate. | | 1973 | 4197190 |
| relation between bacteriocin production and virulence of streptococcus faecalis var. liquefaciens. | | 1973 | 4203151 |
| pyelonephritis. xvii. comparison of combinations of vancomycin, ampicillin, streptomycin, and gentamicin in the treatment of enterococcal infection in rats. | | 1974 | 4205881 |
| pyelonephritis. 18. effect of treatment on the pathology of enterococcal pyelonephritis in the rat. | the effect of antimicrobial therapy on the histopathologic progression of experimental hematogenous pyelonephritis induced in rats by streptococcus faecalis was studied. treatment sufficient to render the renal parenchyma sterile strikingly decreased the incidence and severity of calyceal lesions, delayed the progression of papillary lesions but had little effect on the severity of cortical interstitial and tubular alterations. l-forms could not be demonstrated to participate in the pathogenesis ... | 1974 | 4210276 |
| the metabolism of methotrexate in lactobacillus casei and rat liver and the influence of methotrexate on metabolism of folic acid. | | 1974 | 4213458 |
| rapid differentiation of certain bacteria in mixed populations by gas-liquid chromatography. | | 1973 | 4215243 |
| studies of bacterial susceptibility of heart valves. | | 1968 | 4300350 |
| site in cell-free protein synthesis sensitive to diphtheria toxin. | the effects of diphtheria toxin on cell-free protein synthesis in a bacterial system, and preparations obtained from animals that were sensitive and resistant to toxin were examined. in the presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad), toxin inhibited the incorporation of amino acids by endogenous and synthetic polynucleotides in both rat liver and guinea pig liver cell-free systems that were exposed to 6 lf units per ml of toxin. a cell-free system derived from streptococcus faecalis was ... | 1968 | 4301046 |
| regulation of folate-dependent enzymes. | | 1971 | 4332035 |
| a medium for overcoming the in vitro inhibition of clostridium perfringens by streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes, and a note on the in vivo interaction of the two organisms. | | 1973 | 4362616 |
| pyelonephritis. 13. effect of congenital hydronephrosis on treatment of experimental pyelonephritis. | | 1972 | 4624414 |
| pyelonephritis. vii. experimental ascending infection with progression of lesions in the absence of bacteria. | | 1965 | 4954272 |
| enzymic assay of pyridoxal phosphate using tyrosine apodecarboxylase and tyrosine-1-14c. | | 1968 | 4975484 |
| [effect of administration in food of enterococci killed by elevated temperature on the organism of experimental laboratory animals]. | | 1969 | 4977953 |
| [experimental pyelonephritis. i. complement and antibody titer in non-obstructive enterococcal pyelonephritis]. | | 1969 | 4986539 |
| 5(or 4)-(3,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-triazeno)imidazole-4(or 5)-carboxamide (nsc-82196): microbiologic evaluation and assay. | | 1967 | 4989295 |
| [cytostatic antiphlogistics. ii. antimicrobial activity range and comparison in the oedipus test]. | | 1970 | 4989744 |
| [study of the influence of sterilized filtrates and cultures of str. faecalis on some microorganisms]. | | 1970 | 4990087 |
| [vaccine of caries]. | | 1970 | 4991830 |
| on the affinity of 3 different strains of bacteria, indigenous in infants' intestines, to the mucosal epithelial cells of the small intestines of white rat fetuses. | | 1970 | 4998983 |
| [folate-catalyzed elimination of formic acid during methanol poisoning]. | | 1971 | 5000395 |
| the role of folate coenzymes in the initiation of protein synthesis. | | 1971 | 5002669 |
| intestinal bacteria and the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds. | | 1971 | 5002686 |
| isolation of a branched chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase from rabbit liver. | an enzyme catalysing a series of reactions resulting in the oxidative decarboxylation of branched chain alpha-keto acids and production of nadh, was extracted from rabbit liver mitochondria with the aid of naclo4. purification yielded a product which appeared homogeneous on electrophoresis. the enzyme is active on three substrates alpha-ketoisocaproate, alpha-keto-beta-methyl valerate, and alpha-ketoisovalerate. | 1983 | 6403047 |
| rat arthritis due to whole group b streptococci. clinical and histopathologic features compared with groups a and d. | heat-killed streptococci of groups a, b, and d injected intraperitoneally into sprague-dawley rats induced arthritis. the histopathologic features of the arthritis were those of erosive synovitis. early acute lesions were associated with deposits of streptococcal antigens. the serogroups and the physical state of the streptococci determined the incidence, the time of onset, the duration, and the severity of the disease, the severity being a blend of degree of inflammation, tendency to relapse, a ... | 1983 | 6407330 |
| simple additives to increase the activity of chlorhexidine digluconate against urinary pathogens. | the concentration of chlorhexidine digluconate required to kill gram-negative bacteria which cause urinary tract infection associated with urethral catheterisation also damages the bladder mucosa. increased bactericidal activity was obtained by the addition of a chelating agent (edta) and a buffer (tris) enabling a low concentration of chlorhexidine (0.01 per cent) to be effective against escherichia coli nctc 86, pseudomonas aeruginosa nctc 7650 proteus mirabilis nctc 8309 and streptococcus fae ... | 1983 | 6408586 |
| [characterization of the antigen in circulating immune complexes and application to the detection of streptococcal antigens in human infectious endocarditis]. | immune complexes from patients with subacute endocarditis were used to develop a methodology for characterization of the antigen involved in human circulating immune complexes. this model was chosen because it permits isolation of the causative agent of the streptococcal infection thought to contain the antigen present in the immune complex. a comparison was made between two methods for characterization of bacterial antigen bound to antibody. in the first, animals were immunized with purified im ... | 1983 | 6408976 |
| the production of dental plaque and caries by the bacterium streptococcus salivarius in gnotobiotic wag/rij rats. | the abilities of ten strains of streptococcus salivarius to colonize rat molars and to induce caries were determined using mono-infected germ-free rats. scanning electron microscopy revealed the production of micro-colonies and spheroids by strep. salivarius on exposed surfaces of molar teeth, and abundant dense plaque formation in fissures. most strains colonized fissures and smooth surfaces as effectively as streptococcus mutans nctc 10832, yet produced no buccal or lingual lesions. the four k ... | 1984 | 6589986 |
| conversion of pteroylmonoglutamates into pteroylpolyglutamates. | | 1980 | 6768964 |
| [pathogenesis of food poisoning due to enterococci]. | the enteropathogenic properties of enterococci having proteolytic characteristics were studied in experiments on isolated loops of the rat and rabbit small intestine. it was shown that str. faecalis v. liguefaciens (4 strains) and str. faecalis zymogenes (1 strain) possess enteropathogenic properties. however, the degree of pathogenicity varied, which was confirmed by characteristic macro- and microscopic changes seen in the ligated loops of the small intestine of the experimental animals. | 1981 | 6791381 |
| hyperbaric oxygen in the treatment of gas gangrene and perineal necrotizing fasciitis. a clinical and experimental study. | between 1971 and 1987, 32 patients with clostridial gas gangrene were treated in the department of surgery, university of turku. a presumptive diagnosis of gas gangrene was made on the basis of the clinical appearance of the patient and a predominance of gram positive rods on stain. between 1973 and 1989, 11 patients with perineal necrotizing fasciitis (fournier's gangrene) were treated. the diagnosis was based on fulminating progression of perineal gangrene and on the presence of multiple patho ... | 1993 | 7690268 |
| investigation of the potential role of enterococcus faecalis in the pathophysiology of experimental peritonitis. | two nonfatal models of peritonitis differing by the duration and the severity of the disease were studied in rats by implantation of escherichia coli and bacteroides fragilis with or without increasing concentrations of enterococcus faecalis. results were evaluated at 3 or 6 days after inoculation. the highest enterococcal concentrations (10(9) cfu/ml) enhanced the severity of the infection, evident by increased emaciation, increased peritoneal counts of e. coli and b. fragilis, and increased fr ... | 1994 | 8133097 |
| characterization of cell growth-inhibitory factor in inflammatory peritoneal exudate cells of rats. | we characterized the nature and reaction mode of the cell growth-inhibitory factor (here designated cgif) from rat peritoneal exudate cells (pec). the soluble fraction separated from the lysate of enterococcus faecalis-induced 24 hr pec completely inhibited con a-induced thymocyte mitogenesis. gel filtration chromatography showed that cgif has a molecular weight of approximately 23-25 kda. isoelectric focusing with rotofor indicates that the factor has an isoelectronic point of 5.8-6.4. cgif was ... | 1993 | 8133801 |
| quinolinecarboxylic acids. 3. synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 2-substituted-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7h-pyrido[1,2,3-de] [1,4]benzothiazine-6-carboxylic acids related to rufloxacin. | a series of 2-substituted-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7h-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzothiazine-6 -carboxylic acids has been prepared and evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity. these derivatives were less active than corresponding desmethylated analogues. among these derivatives, the most active compound 22a was selected for preliminary pharmacokinetics in rats. the pharmacokinetic data indicated that 22a was rapidly absorbed and induced lasting plasma and urinary levels. in comparison with rufloxacin ... | 1993 | 8230136 |
| effect of hyperbaric oxygen and surgery on experimental multimicrobial gas gangrene. | an experimental multimicrobial gas gangrene rat model was developed and the therapeutic effect of surgery was compared to the combined effect of surgery and hyperbaric oxygen (hbo). the infection was caused by an intramuscular injection of a mixture of bacteria including clostridium perfringens, bacteroides fragilis, escherichia coli and streptococcus faecalis. the mortality, morbidity and wound healing were assessed during a follow-up of 2 weeks. the mortality of the control rats was 60%, with ... | 1993 | 8404985 |
| activities of the semisynthetic glycopeptide ly191145 against vancomycin-resistant enterococci and other gram-positive bacteria. | ly191145 is the prototype of a series of compounds with activities against vancomycin-resistant enterococci derived by modification of the glycopeptide antibiotic ly264826. ly191145 had mics for vancomycin- and teicoplanin-resistant enterococci of < or = 4 micrograms/ml for 50% of isolates and < or = 16 micrograms/ml for 90% of isolates. its mics for vancomycin-resistant, teicoplanin-susceptible enterococci were 1 to 8 micrograms/ml. ly191145 retains the potent activities of its parent compound ... | 1995 | 8585753 |
| effects of a mixture of organisms, lactobacillus acidophilus or streptococcus faecalis on cholesterol metabolism in rats fed on a fat- and cholesterol-enriched diet. | the effect of a mixture of organisms (a probiotic mixture) comprising bacillus, lactobacillus, streptococcus, clostridium, saccharomyces and candida (10(7-8) colony-forming units/g rice bran of each component) on lipid metabolism was compared with that of l. acidophilus and that of s. faecalis. there were four treatment groups: rice bran (control), the mixture of organisms, l. acidophilus or s. faecalis (30 g/kg) were given to rats in a fat- and cholesterol-enriched diet for 4 weeks. the serum t ... | 1996 | 9014654 |
| anticarcinogenic action of apple pectin on fecal enzyme activities and mucosal or portal prostaglandin e2 levels in experimental rat colon carcinogenesis. | pectin is a partially methoxylated polymer of galacturonic acid obtained from fruits. among pectin, apple pectin exerts stronger bacteriostatical action on staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis, pseudomonas aeruginosa and escherichia coli in comparison with citrus pectin. in this study, we used water-soluble methoxylated pectin from apple. the diet, supplemented by 20% apple pectin, significantly decreased the number of tumors and the incidence of colon tumor. pge2 level in distal coloni ... | 1997 | 9148858 |
| novel fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents containing oxime-substituted (aminomethyl)pyrrolidines: synthesis and antibacterial activity of 7-(4-(aminomethyl)-3-(methoxyimino)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-cyclopropyl-6- fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro[1,8]naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid (lb20304). | new pyrrolidine derivatives, which bear an alkyloxime substituent in the 4-position and an aminomethyl substituent in the 3-position of the pyrrolidine ring, have been synthesized and coupled with various quinolinecarboxylic acids to produce a series of new fluoroquinolone antibacterials. these fluoroquinolones were found to possess potent antimicrobial activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, including methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). variations at the ... | 1997 | 9357525 |
| serological diagnosis of experimental enterococcus faecalis endocarditis. | a modified rat model of endocarditis with catheterization for 2 days was established in female lewis rats using different inocula of enterococcus faecalis (strain no. ef 19) in order to measure igg antibodies in serum during the course of infection. increasing the inocula intravenously resulted in an increase in the cfu/g vegetation and the cfu/g spleen, the id50 being about 10 cfu/ml and the id90 about 1x10(2) cfu/ml. the lowest bacterial inoculum infecting 100% of the rats was 3x10(3) cfu/ml, ... | 1998 | 9833704 |
| microbiological and inflammatory effects of murine recombinant interleukin-10 in two models of polymicrobial peritonitis in rats. | a protective effect of interleukin-10 (il-10) against the development of lethal shock has been demonstrated in various animal models. in contrast, the immunosuppressant properties of this mediator have been minimally evaluated in low-mortality models of infections. the clinical, microbiological, and inflammatory effects of murine recombinant il-10 (mril-10) therapy were evaluated in two models of peritonitis in rats, which differed in the degree of severity of peritoneal inflammation 3 days afte ... | 1999 | 10084989 |
| effects of a mixture of organisms, lactobacillus acidophilus or streptococcus faecalis on delta6-desaturase activity in the livers of rats fed a fat- and cholesterol-enriched diet. | the effect of a mixture of organisms (a probiotic mixture) comprising bacillus, lactobacillus, streptococcus, clostridium, saccharomyces, and candida (10(7-8) colony-forming units/g rice bran of each component) on delta6-desaturase activity in liver microsomes was compared with those of lactobacillus acidophilus and streptococcus faecalis. there were four treatment groups. each group of these rats received rice bran (control), the mixture of organisms, l. acidophilus, or s. faecalis (30 g/kg) al ... | 1999 | 10355850 |
| conversion of dieldrin to aldrin by intestinal bacteria in rats. | the present study provides the evidence that dieldrin is reductively metabolized to aldrin by intestinal bacteria in rats. when dieldrin was incubated with the cecal contents of rats, aldrin, a reduced metabolite of the epoxide, was isolated from the incubation mixture. the metabolite was identified unequivocally by uv and mass spectral comparison with an authentic sample, and on the basis of its tlc and hplc behavior. the cecal contents of rats exhibited epoxide reductase activity toward dieldr ... | 1999 | 10480332 |
| synthesis and bacterial degradation of an azopolymer. | azopolymers were synthesised with differing degrees of hydrophobicity, from 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (hema), styrene and 2,2'-dimethylacryloyloxyazobenzene as azo crosslinker. bacterial degradation of the series of polymers was assessed using a pure culture of the colonic organism enterococcus faecalis and rat caecal contents. polymer degradation was determined in terms of weight loss on polymer coated glass beads and using scanning electron microscopy after incubation. similar weight loss occ ... | 2000 | 10722952 |
| aggregation substance promotes colonic mucosal invasion of enterococcus faecalis in an ex vivo model. | bacterial translocation through the gastrointestinal tract is the crucial step in the pathogenesis of intraabdominal infections. we assessed whether aggregation substance (as), a bacterial adhesin and virulence factor of enterococcus faecalis, promotes bacterial translocation and colonic mucosal invasion in an ex vivo experiment. | 2000 | 10729241 |
| lactobacillus plantarum reduces infection of pancreatic necrosis in experimental acute pancreatitis. | infection is the commonest cause of death in acute pancreatitis. early reduction of commensal flora (particularly lactobacillus species) and, at the same time, overgrowth of enterobacteriaceae, especially escherichia coli, have recently been described during acute pancreatitis. lactobacillus plantarum has been shown to be effective in reducing the egress of endotoxin and microbial translocation in several experimental models such as chemically induced hepatitis and ulcerative colitis. | 2001 | 11244259 |
| extracellular superoxide production by enterococcus faecalis requires demethylmenaquinone and is attenuated by functional terminal quinol oxidases. | the intestinal commensal bacterium, enterococcus faecalis, is unusual among prokaryotic organisms in its ability to produce substantial extracellular superoxide. transposon mutagenesis, allelic replacement, and electron spin resonance (esr)-spin trapping showed that superoxide production and generation of derivative hydroxyl radical were dependent on membrane-associated demethylmenaquinone. extracellular superoxide was generated through univalent reduction of oxygen by reduced demethylmenaquinon ... | 2001 | 11722738 |
| enterococcus spp. produces slime and survives in rat peritoneal macrophages. | enterococcal clinical isolates were investigated for the ability to form biofilm on inert surfaces, as a measure of slime production, in an attempt to find new possible virulence factors for these microorganisms. this property was commonly found among enterococcus faecalis. also e. faecium isolates were able to form biofilm, although to a lesser extent; for this species, however, biofilm formation seemed more frequently associated with isolates from infection rather than with environmental strai ... | 2001 | 11827199 |
| two novel oligosaccharides formed by 1f-fructosyltransferase purified from roots of asparagus (asparagus officinalis l.). | two novel oligosaccharides, tetra-and penta-saccharides were synthesized by fructosyl transfer from 1-kestose to 4g-beta-d-galactopyranosylsucrose with a purified 1f-fructosyltransferase of asparagus roots and identified as 1f-beta-d-fructofuranosyl-4g-beta-d-galactopyranosylsucrose, o-beta-d-fructofuranosyl-(2-->1)-beta-d-fructofuranosyl-o-[beta-d-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-alpha-d-glucopyranoside and 1f(1-beta-d-fructofuranosyl)2-4g-beta-d-galactopyranosylsucrose, [o-beta-d-fructofuranosyl-(2-- ... | 2002 | 12162573 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of dw286, a new fluoronaphthyridone antibiotic. | the in vitro and in vivo activities of dw286, a novel fluoronaphthyridone with potent antibacterial activity, were compared with those of ciprofloxacin, gemifloxacin, sparfloxacin, and trovafloxacin. against gram-positive bacteria, such as staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, and enterococcus faecalis, the in vitro activity of dw286 was stronger than that of any other reference antibiotic. against gram-negative bacteria, the activity of dw286 was similar t ... | 2002 | 12183275 |
| intestinal mucosal oxidative damage and bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats. | bacterial translocation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis mainly due to intestinal bacterial overgrowth. alterations in the functional integrity of the intestinal barrier caused by an increased production of free radical metabolites as a consequence of portal hypertension could also facilitate bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats. | 2003 | 12560758 |
| indole naphthyridinones as inhibitors of bacterial enoyl-acp reductases fabi and fabk. | bacterial enoyl-acp reductase (fabi) is responsible for catalyzing the final step of bacterial fatty acid biosynthesis and is an attractive target for the development of novel antibacterial agents. previously we reported the development of fabi inhibitor 4 with narrow spectrum antimicrobial activity and in vivo efficacy against staphylococcus aureus via intraperitoneal (ip) administration. through iterative medicinal chemistry aided by x-ray crystal structure analysis, a new series of inhibitors ... | 2003 | 12699381 |
| characterization of enterococcus bacteriophages from the small intestine of the rat. | rogers, c. g. (university of wisconsin, madison) and w. b. sarles. characterization of enterococcus bacteriophages from the small intestine of the rat. j. bacteriol. 85:1378-1385. 1963.-enterococcus bacteriophages were isolated by an enrichment procedure from the contents of the small intestines of sprague-dawley white rats. after purification by single-plaque isolation, the phages were maintained in tryptose broth by propagation on strains of streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes of similar int ... | 1963 | 14047233 |
| pyelonephritis. iv. role of serum bactericidal activity and antibody in chronic enterococcal pyelonephritis in the rat. | | 1963 | 14073142 |
| mechanisms of postburn intestinal barrier dysfunction in the rat: roles of epithelial cell renewal, e-cadherin, and neutrophil extravasation. | our group has previously shown that the intestinal epithelium exhibits increased postburn barrier permeability and bacterial translocation associated with deranged neutrophil activity. the purpose of this investigation is to explore possible underlying intestinal structural mechanisms, leading to those functional changes with emphasis on (1) neutrophil influx and extravasation in the intestinal lamina propria 1-3 days after burn and (2) enterocyte proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and e-cadhe ... | 2004 | 15286551 |
| tissue factor pathway inhibitor and thrombin activatable fibrinolytic inhibitor plasma levels following burn and septic injuries in rats. | burn and septic injuries induce profound changes in coagulation status. this study examined the changes in plasma tissue factor pathway inhibitor (tfpi) and thrombin activatable fibrinolytic inhibitor (tafi) levels in a rat model of burn and septic injuries. rats underwent 30% tbsa cutaneous scald burn injury and septic insult was induced by caecal ligation and puncture (clp). clp was superimposed on burn injury to mimic the clinical model of sepsis complicating burn injury. rats were pretreated ... | 2004 | 15497025 |
| glycosaminoglycans mediate invasion and survival of enterococcus faecalis into macrophages. | enterococcus faecalis is responsible for a large variety of nosocomial infections. the intestinal barrier is thought to be one of the preferential portals of entry of enterococci, and the ability of e. faecalis to survive within peritoneal macrophages may contribute to spreading to distant sites. we examined the ability of a polysaccharide-expressing (biofilm-positive) e. faecalis strain and an isogenic biofilm-negative mutant to enter and survive within professional and nonprofessional phagocyt ... | 2005 | 15776371 |
| local delivery of vancomycin for the prophylaxis of prosthetic device-related infections. | to evaluate the in vivo efficacy and pharmacokinetics of vancomycin delivered from glycerylmonostearate (gms) implants in a prosthetic-device based biofilm infection model. | 2005 | 15846464 |
| fsr-independent production of protease(s) may explain the lack of attenuation of an enterococcus faecalis fsr mutant versus a gele-spre mutant in induction of endocarditis. | an enterococcus faecalis gele insertion disruption mutant (tx5128), which produces neither gelatinase (gele) nor the cotranscribed (in the wild type) serine protease (spre), was found to be attenuated in a rat endocarditis model with a significant decrease in the endocarditis induction rate versus wild-type e. faecalis og1rf (gele(+), spre(+)). tx5266, which has a nonpolar deletion in fsrb and, like tx5128, is phenotypically gele(-) under usual conditions, was also studied; fsrb is a homologue o ... | 2005 | 16041002 |
| the differential antibacterial and gastrointestinal effects of erythromycin and its chiral isolates. | the use of erythromycin has been limited by the gastrointestinal side effect properties, which include abdominal distress and diarrhea. to evaluate the possibility of reducing the toxicity of erythromycin, studies were undertaken to separate erythromycin into chiral isolates and then to test the activity of these chiral isolates on gastrointestinal contractility and bacteriostatic actions. gastrointestinal contractility was obtained by the use of isolated strips of a rat colon. antibacterial act ... | 2006 | 16428922 |
| pyelonephritis xi. effect of growth phase of streptococcus faecalis on serum susceptibility and virulence. | rapidly growing streptococcus faecalis was found to be markedly susceptible to the bactericidal activity of normal rat and rabbit sera, whereas stationary-phase organisms were resistant. in contrast, human serum killed neither phase organism. further, human serum was found to interfere with killing by rabbit serum. the serosusceptible, rapidly growing organisms were less virulent than the seroresistant, stationary-phase organisms. this was tested by production of pyelonephritis in the rat after ... | 1970 | 16557772 |
| amphibian peptides prevent endotoxemia and bacterial translocation in bile duct-ligated rats. | to investigate the efficacy of amphibian antimicrobial peptides in preventing bacterial translocation and neutralizing endotoxins in bile duct-ligated rats. | 2006 | 16791114 |
| the cathelicidin-derived tritrpticin enhances the efficacy of ertapenem in experimental rat models of septic shock. | sepsis remains a serious clinical problem despite intense efforts to improve survival. in this study, the efficacy of ertapenem combined with the cathelicidin tritrpticin was investigated in two rat models of septic shock. main outcome measures were bacterial growth in blood, peritoneum, spleen, liver, and mesenteric lymph nodes; endotoxin, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha concentrations in plasma; and lethality. adult male wistar rats were given (1) an intraperitoneal injection of ... | 2006 | 16878029 |
| endocarditis and biofilm-associated pili of enterococcus faecalis. | increasing multidrug resistance in enterococcus faecalis, a nosocomial opportunist and common cause of bacterial endocarditis, emphasizes the need for alternative therapeutic approaches such as immunotherapy or immunoprophylaxis. in an earlier study, we demonstrated the presence of antibodies in e. faecalis endocarditis patient sera to recombinant forms of 9 e. faecalis cell wall-anchored proteins; of these, we have now characterized an in vivo-expressed locus of 3 genes and an associated sortas ... | 2006 | 17016560 |
| efficacy of daptomycin in the treatment of experimental endocarditis due to susceptible and multidrug-resistant enterococci. | daptomycin was tested in vitro and in rats with experimental endocarditis against the ampicillin-susceptible and vancomycin-susceptible enterococcus faecalis jh2-2, the vancomycin-resistant (vana type) mutant of strain jh2-2 (strain jh2-2/pip819), and the ampicillin-resistant and vancomycin-resistant (vanb type) enterococcus faecium d366. | 2006 | 17030515 |
| enterococcal virulence determinants may be involved in resistance to clinical therapy. | the ability of enterococci to acquire resistance to antibiotics and form biofilms in vivo makes these infections, endocarditis in particular, especially difficult to treat. a collection of clinical enterococcal isolates was screened for the presence of various virulence determinants and in an in vitro assay for biofilm formation. isolates were chosen for the presence or absence of the genes for esp and gelatinase and different in vitro biofilm phenotypes, and were evaluated in a rat model of end ... | 2007 | 17300898 |
| effect of the administration of fermentable and non-fermentable dietary fibre on intestinal bacterial translocation in ascitic cirrhotic rats. | bacterial infections are frequent in cirrhosis. experimental studies suggest a pathogenic role of intestinal bacterial translocation in them. both fermentable and non-fermentable fibre avoided intestinal bacterial translocation (ibt) in animal models of gut starvation and critical illness. | 2007 | 17376565 |
| synthesis and preliminary biological characterization of new semisynthetic derivatives of ramoplanin. | ramoplanin is a glycolipodepsipeptide antibiotic active against gram-positive bacteria including vancomycin-resistant enterococci. ramoplanin inhibits bacterial cell wall biosynthesis by a mechanism different from that of glycopeptides and hence does not show cross-resistance with these antibiotics. the systemic use of ramoplanin has been so far prevented because of its low local tolerability when injected intravenously. to overcome this problem, the fatty acid side chain of ramoplanin was selec ... | 2007 | 17542573 |
| efficacy of the bovine antimicrobial peptide indolicidin combined with piperacillin/tazobactam in experimental rat models of polymicrobial peritonitis. | to investigate the efficacy of piperacillin/tazobactam combined with indolicidin in the prevention of lethality in two rat models of polymicrobial peritonitis. | 2008 | 18090372 |
| therapeutic effects of cefluprenam (cflp) on polymicrobial infections associated with enterococcus faecalis in rat pyometra model. | enterococcus faecalis plays an important role as one of the pathogens in polymicrobial infections. we evaluated the efficacy of cefluprenam (cflp) using a polymicrobial pyometra of a model rat. rats were infected with a mixed intrauterine inoculation of e. faecalis plus either bacteroides fragilis or prevotella bivia (minimal inhibitory concentration of cflp: e. faecalis, 3.13 mug/ml; b. fragilis, 3.13 mug/ml; p. bivia, 3.13 mug/ml). immediately after inoculating 10(5) cfu/rat of each organism, ... | 1997 | 18611779 |
| intra- and interspecies conjugal transfer of tn916-like elements from lactococcus lactis in vitro and in vivo. | tetracycline-resistant lactococcus lactis strains originally isolated from polish raw milk were analyzed for the ability to transfer their antibiotic resistance genes in vitro, using filter mating experiments, and in vivo, using germfree rats. four of six analyzed l. lactis isolates were able to transfer tetracycline resistance determinants in vitro to l. lactis bu2-60, at frequencies ranging from 10(-5) to 10(-7) transconjugants per recipient. three of these four strains could also transfer res ... | 2009 | 19666731 |
| importance of the collagen adhesin ace in pathogenesis and protection against enterococcus faecalis experimental endocarditis. | ace is an adhesin to collagen from enterococcus faecalis expressed conditionally after growth in serum or in the presence of collagen. here, we generated an ace deletion mutant and showed that it was significantly attenuated versus wild-type og1rf in a mixed infection rat endocarditis model (p<0.0001), while no differences were observed in a peritonitis model. complemented og1rfdeltaace (pat392::ace) enhanced early (4 h) heart valve colonization versus og1rfdeltaace (pat392) (p = 0.0418), sugges ... | 2010 | 20072611 |