| physico- and immunochemical properties of staphylococcal protein a extracellularly produced by a set of mutants from staphylococcus aureus cowan i. | mutant strains of staphylococcus aureus have been isloated using a simple cosedimentation technique. while the parental strain contains predominantly a cell-bound protein a, the mutant strains exclusively produce extracellular protein a. the mutant forms of protein a all have lower molecular weights than that of protein a from the parental strain. they showed the same antigenicity as the parental protein a and gave similar reactivity with immunoglobulin to the parental one except for one mutant. ... | 1979 | 111003 |
| experimental infections with staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus sanguis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and bacteroides fragilis in the jaws of dogs. | | 1979 | 114906 |
| [the incidence of bacteremias after root canal treatment of dog teeth (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 281157 |
| efficacy of chlorhexidine surgical scrub compared to that of hexachlorophene and povidone-lodine. | | 1978 | 354176 |
| ex-vivo removal of mammalian immunoglobulin g: method and immunological alterations. | we have described a clinically feasible method capable of rapidly and repeatedly removing mammalian igg extracorporeally by adsorption onto heat-killed, formalin-stabilized staphylococcus aureus cowan-i. in dogs, 2-13 grams of igg were removed in 60-70 minutes, lowering the serum concentration of igg by 30-70 percent. serum igg levels returned to pre-run values within 48-72 hours and, in some cases, were higher than pre-run levels at 48-72 hours. serum biochemical alterations were generally tran ... | 1978 | 355150 |
| heterogeneity of nonimmune immunoglobulin fc reactivity among gram-positive cocci: description of three major types of receptors for human immunoglobulin g. | two hundred and thirty strains of various gram-positive cocci were tested for quantitative, nonimmune binding of radiolabeled human polyclonal immunoglobulin g (igg). the majority of coagulase-positive staphylococci and streptococci belonging to serogroups c and g showed a high uptake of igg. the binding of immunoglobulin to group a streptococci was considerably less, with a number of strains completely negative. none of the pneumococcal or the group b or d streptococcal strains displayed any bi ... | 1977 | 409673 |
| survey of conjunctival flora in dogs with clinical signs of external eye disease. | bacteria were isolated 68% of the time from the conjunctival sacs of 120 dogs with conjunctivitis, blepharitis, dacryocystitis, or corneal ulcerations. coagulase-positive staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated organism (68%); when both eyes were affected, s aureus was recovered from 29% of the dogs; and in dogs with 1 eye affected, s aureus was isolated from 23% of the affected eyes and in 18% of the nonaffected eyes. other organisms recovered from eyes were coagulase-negative st ... | 1978 | 624664 |
| aerobic bacterial flora of the prepuce, urethra, and vagina of normal adult dogs. | staphylococcus aureus and mycoplasma spp were the most frequently isolated aerobic microorganisms in specimens obtained from the prepuce and the urethra of 20 normal, adult male dogs. staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus canis were the most frequently isolated bacteria in specimens collected from the vagina (in the area of the urethral orifice) of 20 normal intact bitches and 20 spayed bitches. a significant difference was not found in the observed frequency of occurrence of any of the microo ... | 1978 | 646206 |
| the antibiotic resistance of pathogenic staphylococci and streptococci isolated from dogs. | | 1978 | 651325 |
| demonstration in vitro of postmortem bacterial transmigration. | the kinetics of the migration of intestinal bacterial flora to the peritoneal cavity upon death of the host was studied. a laboratory experiment that excluded any source of contamination was used. samples of sterile saline solution in which a loop of the intestine was submerged were streaked onto blood agar at given intervals. recovery of bacteria began after about 15 hours, with staphylococcus aureus being the predominant organism. this organism showed a gradual decrease through a 36-hour perio ... | 1976 | 790938 |
| laboratory studies with cefatrizine (sk + f 60771), a new broad-spectrum orally-active cephalosporin. | cefatrizine (sk&f 60771), a new orally-active semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, was compared with cephalexin and cefazolin for in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity and pharmacokinetic behavior in laboratory animals. the average mic values obtained with cefatrizine against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were superior to those obtained with cephalexin and somewhat poorer than those of cefazolin. in addition, a large percentage of th ... | 1975 | 808525 |
| [a bacteriological study of otitis in dogs (author's transl)]. | bacteriological examination of 100 cases of otitis in dogs revealed pure cultures of different microorganisms as follows: staphylococcus aureus from 25 animals; escherichia coli from 10; proteus mirabilis from 20; enterobacter sp. from 18 and klepsiella sp. from 7. mixed cultures of proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa and klepsiella sp. were found in 3 animals; staphylococcus aureus and enterobacter sp. in 5; staphylococcus aureus and proteus mirabilis in 4. enterobacter sp. and klepsiella ... | 1975 | 1236059 |
| antibacterial activities in vitro and in vivo and pharmacokinetics of cefquinome (hr 111v), a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin. | cefquinome is a new injectable aminothiazolyl cephalosporin derivative. it is stable against chromosomally and plasmid-encoded beta-lactamases and has a broad antibacterial spectrum. staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and members of the family enterobacteriaceae (escherichia coli, salmonella spp., klebsiella spp., enterobacter spp., citrobacter spp., and serratia marcescens) are inhibited at low concentrations. cefquinome is also active against many strains of methicill ... | 1991 | 2014969 |
| specific and cross-reacting antigens of staphylococcus aureus of human and canine origins. | biotype -specificity of staphylococcus aureus of human and canine origins has been found to be associated with thermolabile agglutinogens represented in s. aureus strains 17 and 61218, respectively. both strains also have exhibited a common thermostable antigen. on that basis, absorbed antisera have been developed for the differentiation of s. aureus of the two biotypes. in the present study, still another thermostable agglutinogen was established, shared by strain 17 and some s. aureus strains ... | 1985 | 2578480 |
| the amino-acid sequence of the double-headed proteinase inhibitor from badger (meles meles) submandibular glands. | badger submandibular glands contain a double-headed secretory proteinase inhibitor. its amino acid sequence was determined. extensive homologies were found between this inhibitor and the corresponding inhibitors of fox, dog, lion and cat in both domains. as in fox and dog inhibitor, the trypsin-inhibiting domain of badger inhibitor contains an arg residue in the reactive site in contrast to a lys residue in the inhibitors of lion and cat. domains i and ii of badger inhibitor are structurally rel ... | 1989 | 2626426 |
| role of endotoxemia in cardiovascular dysfunction and mortality. escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus challenges in a canine model of human septic shock. | using different types of bacteria and a canine model simulating human septic shock, we investigated the role of endotoxin in cardiovascular dysfunction and mortality. either escherichia coli (a microorganism with endotoxin) or staphylococcus aureus (a microorganism without endotoxin) were placed in an intraperitoneal clot in doses of viable or formalin-killed bacteria. cardiovascular function of conscious animals was studied using simultaneous radionuclide heart scans and thermodilution cardiac ... | 1989 | 2642920 |
| activation specificity of commonly employed mitogens for canine b- and t-lymphocytes. | six day in vitro cultures of canine mononuclear leukocytes with or without prior carbonyl iron depletion were established with 5 commonly employed mitogens. cultures were assessed for b-cell differentiation by induction of cytoplasmic and supernatant released igg, m and a and t-cell differentiation by expression of thy-1 antigen on the cell surface of lymphoblasts. the mitogen concanavalin a was shown to be a restricted t-cell mitogen, whereas pokeweed mitogen and protein a from staphylococcus a ... | 1986 | 2870573 |
| antibiotic binding to polytetrafluoroethylene via glucosaminoglycan-keratin luminal coating. | vascular prosthetic graft infection is one of the most catastrophic problems complicating vascular surgery. the purpose of the present study was to determine the efficacy of binding an antibiotic to a vascular prosthesis via a glucosaminoglycan-keratin luminal coating (gklc). ten adult mongrel dogs had polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe) grafts inserted into the right common carotid artery and ptfe grafts with gklc bonded with cefoxitin inserted into the left common carotid artery. before the neck in ... | 1986 | 2429376 |
| antibiotic prophylaxis of late bacteremic vascular graft infection in a dog model. | this study was undertaken to determine the efficacy of a single-dose antibiotic injection to prevent late bacteremic vascular graft infection. twelve dogs had thoracoabdominal aortic bypass with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts. one month later, a bacteremic challenge was produced by rapid intravenous injection of 5 x 10(8) staphylococcus aureus. dogs were treated by pairs, each dog of a pair being randomly assigned to receive either 0.5 g ceftriaxone (group i, n = 6) or saline (group ii, ... | 1990 | 2261319 |
| a study of the relationship between blood flow and bacterial inoculation in musculocutaneous and fasciocutaneous flaps. | regional nutrient blood flow to musculocutaneous and fasciocutaneous flaps was studied in dogs using 15-microns radiolabeled microspheres, and correlations to bacterial inoculation into closed wound spaces were sought. during the 6-day study period, no differences were found between blood flow to noinoculated versus inoculated flaps. comparisons of blood flow to the deep surfaces of the flaps showed that blood flow to muscle in musculocutaneous flaps increased rapidly during the first 24 hours a ... | 1990 | 2243859 |
| species differences in the clearance of staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. | studies on vascular graft infections may be influenced by species differences in bacteria clearance. the present study compares the bloodstream elimination of staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) in dogs and pigs. four mongrel dogs and four yorkshire pigs received a 20-min infusion of 10(6) s. aureus labeled with indium-131. through a catheter placed in the infrarenal aorta, blood samples were removed at intervals for 5 h after infusion. the liver, spleen, and lungs were biopsied at 5 h. blood and ... | 1991 | 1863588 |
| variations in binding of mammalian fibrinogens to streptococci groups a, b, c, e, g and to staphylococcus aureus. | twenty-eight beta-hemolytic streptococci of groups a, b, e, g and streptococcus equisimilis as well as four staphylococcus aureus strains were tested for their ability to bind fibrinogen preparations from different animal species: homo, baboon, rabbit, rat, guinea-pig, dog, horse, pig, cow and sheep. the patterns of binding indicated differences in the structures of the bacterial fibrinogen receptors. there were higher binding levels in streptococci groups a, g, and s. equisimilis than in repres ... | 1985 | 2990156 |
| porcine model for vascular graft studies. | models for the study of prosthetic vascular graft infection have been studied frequently in the dog and rabbit. we have developed a reproducible swine model to study this problem and its treatment. the cardiovascular system, healing characteristics, and the bloodstream clearance of bacteria in swine more closely resembles those of humans than do other animal models. the low cost and availability of the swine is an additional attractive aspect. one hundred fifty-six farm-bred pigs have undergone ... | 1991 | 1863586 |
| some improved versions of methods for the indirect detection of staphylococcal protein a gene expressed in escherichia coli. | several versions of methods for the indirect detection of expression of staphylococcal protein a gene (spa) in escherichia coli (e. coli) were devised by making use of biological properties of staphylococcal protein a (spa). i) hemagglutination of sheep red blood cells (srbc) sensitized with anti-srbc-antibodies using heat-treated spa-transformed e. coli organisms; native spa-transformed e. coli organisms did not agglutinate the sensitized srbc. the heat-treatment (60 c, 4 hr) of the transforman ... | 1992 | 1584071 |
| identification of the disulfide bonds in human plasma protein sp-40,40 (apolipoprotein-j). | sp-40,40, a human plasma protein, is a modulator of the membrane attack complex formation of the complement system as well as a subcomponent of high-density lipoproteins. in the present study, the positions of the disulfide bonds in sp-40,40 were determined. sp-40,40 was purified from human seminal plasma by affinity chromatography using an anti-sp-40,40 monoclonal antibody and reversed-phase, high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). the protein was digested with trypsin and the fragments ... | 1992 | 1491011 |
| comparative activities of cefuroxime, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, and ofloxacin against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated from bite wounds. | we studied the comparative in vitro activities of 10 oral antimicrobial agents against 147 aerobic and 61 anaerobic bacteria making up species in 13 genera (staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, eikenella corrodens, pasteurella multocida, haemophilus-actinobacillus spp., m-5, ef-4, moraxella spp., flavobacterium iib, bacteroides melaninogenicus, bacteroides spp., fusobacterium spp., and peptostreptococcus spp.) that were isolated from bite wounds. cefuroxime was generally greater than fourfold mo ... | 1988 | 3190202 |
| use of an antibiotic-bonded graft for in situ reconstruction after prosthetic graft infections. | we have developed an infection resistant vascular prosthesis by bonding rifampin to dacron grafts with the use of a collagen matrix release system. the purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of this antibiotic-bonded graft in resisting infection after an in situ reconstruction of a previously infected prosthetic bypass. eighty-three adult mongrel dogs underwent implantation of a 3 cm untreated dacron graft into the infrarenal aorta. this initial graft was deliberately infected, at t ... | 1992 | 1344030 |
| efficacy of clindamycin in the treatment of staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis in dogs. | the efficacy of clindamycin in the treatment of experimentally induced, posttraumatic staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis was studied in dogs. at the end of the experiment, bacteria could not be isolated from bone marrow of 15 of 16 (93.7%) dogs treated with clindamycin, whereas bacteria could not be isolated from similar specimens obtained from 6 of 13 (46.1%) untreated dogs. none of the 16 dogs treated with clindamycin had histopathologic evidence of osteomyelitis at the end of the experiment. ... | 1988 | 3410788 |
| acute hematogenous osteomyelitis: an experimental model. | the injection of barium sulphate (micropaque) contaminated with staphylococcus aureus into the nutrient artery of the canine tibia produced typical inflammatory bone changes. this alteration, similar to those observed in human hematogenous osteomyelitis, consisted of medullary destruction, spontaneous fractures, and intense periosteal new bone formation. this system seems to mimic the characteristics of some clinical bone infections and may provide a model for therapeutic trials. | 1976 | 1246695 |
| staphylococci outside the hospital. staphylococcus aureus in sheep. | biochemical properties were studied in staph. aureus strains obtained from the anterior nares of healthy sheep and from the udders of ewes suffering from purulent mastitis. of the total number of 84 isolated staphylococcal strains 75 (89.3%) were classified as the c biotype. these undoubtedly sheep-adapted staphylococci produced pigment and beta hemolysin, they were growing on crystal violet agar as the negative type in violet colonies lacking both fibrinolysin and alpha hemolysin. all of them c ... | 1976 | 987676 |
| [central hemodynamics and left ventricle contractility in experimental septicemia]. | a well-defined septicaemia in dogs was induced using different initiating causes, such as abscess of thigh and peritonitis. the determination of the septicaemia was based upon both quantitative (number of bacteria) and qualitative criteria (staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa). the hemodynamic changes lead to the classification of three time intervals, which occur constantly. there are correlations between the general infection and the reaction of blood circulation. there is no evidenc ... | 1977 | 885448 |
| separation of cells by affinity chromatography on spa-sepharose 6mb. | a cell separation technique was designed which was based on the reaction of protein a of staphylococcus aureus (spa) with the fc regions of igg antibodies. spa covalently linked to sepharose 6mb is able to fix antibody-bearing cells, while non-fixed cells are removed by washing. the fixed cells can be released by dog igg or by mechanical treatment. as an example of the use of the technique, ig-bearing cells were isolated from mouse spleen cells treated with rabbit igg anti-mouse ig antibody; the ... | 1978 | 659898 |
| aerobic bacterial flora of oral and nasal fluids of canines with reference to bacteria associated with bites. | oral and nasal fluids of 50 dogs were examined to determine the prevalence of aerobic bacteria frequently associated with animal bite wounds. the most frequently isolated microorganisms included: iij, ef-4, pasteurella multocida, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, group d streptococci, corynebacterium sp., enterobacteria, neisseria sp., moraxella sp., and bacillus sp. other species and genera were infrequently recovered and may represent transient flora. the high incidence of iij ... | 1978 | 632349 |
| hre 664, a new parenteral penem. ii. evaluation of the pharmacokinetic behavior and the chemotherapeutic activity in animals. | the pharmacokinetic and chemotherapeutic properties of the new penem antibiotic hre 664 (fig. 1) were evaluated in experimental animals. high and sustained blood and serum levels were achieved following parenteral injection in mice, rats, dogs and monkeys. half-lives ranged from 27 to 40 minutes in the various species tested. the antibiotic was well distributed in the rodents and penetrated well into tissues and body fluids. at 30 minutes after subcutaneous administration to mice (50 mg/kg), con ... | 1987 | 3680029 |
| radioimmunoassay for quantitation of antibodies to alphaviruses with staphylococcal protein a. | a radioimmunoassay (ria) procedure is described for measuring antibodies to alphaviruses in human and other mammalian sera. the test employed protein abearing staphylococcus aureus as a solid-phase immunoadsorbent for (3)h-labeled viruses complexed with immunoglobulin g. using antibodies produced in humans and guinea pigs, the ria procedure clearly differentiated among antibodies to venezuelan, western, and eastern equine encephalomyelitis viruses. sensitivity of the ria depended on the concentr ... | 1978 | 566768 |
| the bacteriology of dog bite wounds on initial presentation. | four hundred twenty patients with open dog bite wounds on initial presentation to the emergency department had gram stains, aerobic and anaerobic cultures, and antibiotic sensitivities of the bacterial isolates of each wound. forty-eight percent of the wounds evidenced no bacterial growth. staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common isolate (20.5%). multiple bacteria were isolated in 15.5% of patients. fifty percent of clinically infected wounds showed multiple pathogenic organisms, on both c ... | 1986 | 3777590 |
| evaluation of methods for localization of urinary tract infection in the female dog. | urinary tract infection (uti) was induced in the left kidney of seven female dogs and in the urinary bladder of eight female dogs. several methods advocated for localization of uti in other species were tested in the infected dogs. although fever, renal pain, and leukocytosis were detected in some dogs with renal infection, findings were transient. radiographic changes in the kidneys and ureters were detected in some dogs with renal infection, but were absent in others. bladder washout studies w ... | 1979 | 475118 |
| pathogenesis of canine bordetellosis. | bordetella bronchiseptica produced tracheobronchitis when administered in aerosol to specific pathogen-free dogs. clinical signs appeared to be directly related to numbers of bacteria in the trachea. electron microscopic examination revealed that each bacterium was close to one or more tracheal cilia and that a fibrillar material was radiating from the bacterial cell wall. b. bronchiseptica required 14 weeks to be cleared from the tracheas of infected dogs; in contrast, other organisms commonly ... | 1977 | 404367 |
| penetration of cefoxitin into cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with and without experimental meningitis. | the penetration of cefoxitin into the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) after slow intravenous infusion of 50-100 mg/kg over 1 hr was studied in normal dogs and in dogs with meningitis experimentally induced by intrathecal injection of 10(9) staphylococcus aureus. with healthy dogs the peak csf concentration of 1 microgram of cefoxitin/ml was found to correspond with a serum level of 120 micrograms/ml. with administration of probenecid the csf level was 1.5 micrograms of cefoxitin/ml. doubling the dose ... | 1979 | 318215 |
| microbiology of normal and seborrheic canine skin. | quantitative and qualitative bacterial assays were performed on the skin of 15 normal and 32 seborrheic dogs. nonionic detergent scrubs were made on areas demarcated by glass sidearm cylinders. quantitative analysis was accomplished by the serial dilution technique, and the bacteria were identified by individual and colonial morphology and by enzyme production. areas measured on control dogs had a markedly lower total bacterial count than similar areas measured on seborrheic animals. control dog ... | 1978 | 151523 |
| isolation and characteristics of bacteriophages from staphylococci of chicken origin. | lysogenicity in chicken coagulase-positive staphylococci was tested by incubating the strains in the presence of mitomycin c. of 88 strains tested, 84 (95.5%) were proved to be phage carriers and 81 were susceptible to any of the phages. the lysogenic strains were detected with almost equal frequency from both of typeable and untypeable strains by the international phages. sixteen phages (ch phages) were isolated from chicken lysogenic strains, and their usefulness for the typing of chicken stap ... | 1977 | 144452 |
| bacteremic infectability: a function of vascular graft material and design. | | 1977 | 140275 |
| the behavior of infected arterial prostheses of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (gore-tex). | in 11 dogs the bacteriologic and morphologic reaction of arterial prostheses made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (gore-tex) to an induced staphylococcus aureus septicemia at time of graft implantation was evaluated and compared to that observed with dacron grafts in 10 dogs. graft infection developed in all dogs, manifested by positive blood and graft cultures. grafts, however, could be clearly classified as either histologically infected or uninfected with a marked difference in the patter ... | 1977 | 138774 |
| interactions of immunoglobulin g, fibrinogen and fibronectin with staphylococcus hyicus and staphylococcus intermedius. | binding of immunoglobulin g, fibrinogen and fibronectin to 112 cultures of coagulase-positive staphylococci together with 7 of coagulase-negative s. hyicus subsp. chromogenes were investigated. of the coagulase-positive staphylococcal cultures 45 were s. hyicus subsp. hyicus, 51 s. intermedius and 16 s. aureus. all 45 s. hyicus subsp. hyicus cultures coagulated plasma preparations from pigs and not always those from sheep, rabbits and dogs. labelled igg was bound by all cultures of s. hyicus sub ... | 1985 | 4082824 |
| [schema for the differentiation of habitat variants of staphylococcus aureus]. | | 1966 | 4230540 |
| binding of canine igm and igg to protein a of staphylococcus aureus: a simple method for the isolation of canine immunoglobulins from serum and the lymphocyte surface. | the binding of normal canine serum igg and igm to staphylococcal protein a is described. virtually all (greater than 99%) of igg and up to 90% of igm could be removed from canine serum, utilizing this phenomenon. the nature of the bound material was confirmed by immunodiffusion in agar, radioimmunoassay, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. attempts to elute differentially igg and igm from protein a-sepharose columns, using gradients of ph or the chaotropic agent sodium ... | 1979 | 116576 |
| antibiotic prophylaxis in experimental bone infections. | | 1973 | 4283752 |
| the use of bacitracin irrigation to prevent infection in postoperative skeletal wounds. an experimental study. | in dogs, irrigation of contaminated osseous wounds with bacitracin eliminated clinical evidence of infection and significantly reduced the number of positive cultures and pathological evidence of infection when compared with dogs that received no treatment or irrigation with normal saline solution. the inocula contained more organisms than are introduced into a wound during an elective orthopaedic operation. the use of bacitracin in the prevention of postoperative staphylococcus aureus infection ... | 1989 | 2925718 |
| fluoronaphthyridines and quinolones as antibacterial agents. 1. synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new 1-substituted derivatives. | a series of novel 7-piperazinyl-1-substituted-6-fluoroquinolones and naphthyridines have been prepared and their antibacterial activities evaluated. these derivatives are characterized by having alkyl, alkenyl, arylalkyl, cycloalkyl, and cycloalkenyl groups at the 1-position. as a result of this study, derivatives 7 and 26, which are substituted with tert-butyl groups at n-1, were found to possess excellent in vitro and in vivo potency, particularly against staphylococcus aureus, comparable to t ... | 1989 | 2918499 |
| three-phase [99mtc]diphosphonate scintimetry in septic and nonseptic arthritis of the immature knee: an experimental investigation in dogs. | we compared the informative value of dynamic and static [99mtc]diphosphonate ([99mtc]dpd) scintimetry in early septic arthritis (sa) and chronic nonseptic arthritis (nsa) of the knee in puppies. sa (n = 10), induced by injection of staphylococcus aureus into one knee, was examined after 48 h. nsa (n = 6) was induced by weekly intraarticular instillation of 1% carrageenan and examined at 2 and 12 weeks. epiphyseal and metaphyseal count ratios (crs) between experimental and control joint were calc ... | 1989 | 2738771 |
| rifampin protection against experimental graft sepsis. | the risk of infection in vascular prosthetic conduits appears to be greatest in the perioperative period and the organism most frequently found is staphylococcus aureus. previous work suggests that antibiotics must be chemically bonded to the material to resist rapid washout caused by the flow of blood through the graft. the exception to this is rifampin, which remains fixed in dacron prostheses after passive addition of the agent to aliquots of blood used to clot the interstices of porous dacro ... | 1986 | 2941596 |
| [on the usefulness of the coagulase test with various types of plasma for the differentiation of strains of staphylococcus aureus]. | | 1966 | 5997449 |
| [current antibiotics series i: piperacillin]. | | 1983 | 6224033 |
| experimental colonization of a polyester vascular graft with staphylococcus aureus: a quantitative and morphologic study. | colonization of a polyester (dacron) vascular graft by staphylococcus aureus 209p-r was studied. twenty-five dogs had thoracoabdominal aortic bypass. after intervals of 2 hours (three dogs), 8 days (five dogs), 1 month (six dogs), 2 months (six dogs), or 6 months (five dogs), a bacteremic challenge was produced by intravenous injection of 6 x 10(8) colony-forming units of s. aureus. two hours later grafts were removed and cut into 10 fragments, each submitted to bacterial counts and scanning ele ... | 1988 | 2968464 |
| isolation and characterization of two beta-type cardiac myosin in the canine atrium. | recently, we demonstrated that more beta-type myosin heavy chain (hc) was expressed in the overloaded atrium, and that there were 2 structurally different beta-type myosin heavy chains in the bovine heart. to determine the existence of the 2 beta-type hc in other animals and to clarify the characteristics of these beta-type hcs, we produced tricuspid regurgitation and pulmonary stenosis in the canine heart, and performed an immunological study using 3 monoclonal antibodies, 2 beta-type specific ... | 1988 | 2974892 |
| newly synthesized na,k-atpase alpha-subunit has no cytosolic intermediate in mdck cells. | recently published data indicate that the alpha-subunit of na,k-atpase, a transmembrane protein of animal cell plasma membranes, is synthesized as a soluble precursor. in the present experiments we demonstrate that an apparent "soluble" form can indeed be detected in crude cytosolic fractions prepared by centrifugation from mdck cells disrupted by sonication. we find, however, that this form has no precursor-product relationship with membrane-associated alpha-subunit. the quantity of unsedimenta ... | 1986 | 3005269 |
| experimental studies with absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures in infected canine arterial anastomoses. | vascular anastomoses are usually performed with nonabsorbable synthetic suture material. in an infected wound suture material may have a negative effect on the healing of vascular anastomoses, leading to leakage and formation of false aneurysms. in a canine model 40 neck wounds and 40 groin wounds were contaminated with a standard suspension of staphylococcus aureus. subsequently 80 end-to-end anastomoses were performed in both carotid and femoral arteries with the absorbable polydioxanone (pds) ... | 1986 | 3079839 |
| characteristics of staphylococci isolated from man, poultry and some other animals. | of 281 strains of staphylococci isolated from man and animals 36 (12.8%) were coagulase-positive and 245 (87.2%) were coagulase-negative. staphylococcus aureus and staph. intermedius were the commonest coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from the hosts examined. of the 20 strains that remained unclassifiable, 14 were isolated from sheep and goats. | 1986 | 3084438 |
| efficacy of muscle flaps in the treatment of prosthetic vascular graft infections. | prosthetic vascular graft infection requires graft removal and often leads to limb loss. to determine whether vascularized muscle flaps could alter the course of graft infection, 18 mongrel dogs (18-29 kg) were randomized to one of three groups and underwent unilateral carotid artery bypass with 6-mm x 4-cm ptfe grafts. at implantation, the grafts were inoculated with staphylococcus aureus, 2 x 10(7) organisms/wound. on day 3, dogs with patent grafts underwent wound debridement, irrigation, and ... | 1988 | 3374120 |
| studies on possible cross transmission of mercuric chloride resistant staphylococcus aureus between dogs and kennel attendants. | ten s. aureus strains were each introduced into the nostrils of each of 10 dogs. the dogs retained the strains of s. aureus for the period of the experiment (eight weeks). five of them with human strains of s. aureus, and the two control dogs acquired strains of canine origin during the period, but no human strain was detected in the nostrils of those into which canine strains were introduced. one of the dogs (dog 4) died during the period of the experiment and both human and canine s. aureus we ... | 1981 | 6460716 |
| antibiotic prophylaxis in vascular surgery: pharmacokinetic study of four commonly used cephalosporins. | plasma levels of antibiotics often do not correlate well with their tissue levels. to determine optimal antibiotic coverage for prophylactic effect in vascular surgery, we studied the tissue pharmacokinetics of four cephalosporins in dogs: cefazolin, cefoxitin, cefamandole, and moxalactam for 3 hours after a single (25 mg/kg) intravenous injection. the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) of these antibiotics for the three most common pathogens involved in graft infections (staphylococcus aure ... | 1986 | 3512862 |
| alveolar macrophage function in a canine model of endotoxin-induced lung injury. | humans with bacterial sepsis are predisposed to acute lung injury with respiratory failure and have an increased risk of pulmonary infection. because the alveolar macrophage is the resident phagocyte in the lung and a defect in antimicrobial activity could predispose to infection, we assessed the functional integrity of these cells in vitro in a canine model of escherichia coli endotoxin-induced lung injury with respiratory failure. dogs were given 2 or 20 mg/kg of e. coli endotoxin 055:b5, and ... | 1986 | 3532887 |
| characterization of coagulase-positive staphylococcus intermedius and staphylococcus aureus isolated from veterinary clinical specimens. | staphylococci were the most frequent isolates from clinical specimens submitted from a large referral and teaching veterinary hospital. in this study a total of 160 isolates were examined by a wide range of biochemical tests and modifications of basic procedures. an attempt was made to test the validity of these procedures for use in characterization of clinical isolates of coagulase-positive staphylococci. of the isolates examined, some 27 were staphylococcus aureus, 115 were staphylococcus int ... | 1983 | 6630462 |
| survey of bacteriologic flora of conjunctiva and cornea in healthy psittacine birds. | a total of 151 eyes from healthy psittacine birds were examined by bacteriologic cultural methods. bacterial growth was not found in 41% of eyes cultured, staphylococcus epidermidis was found in 25%, alpha-hemolytic streptococci in 25%, corynebacterium spp in 7%, and staphylococcus aureus in 5%. each of the following organisms were found in 1% of the eyes; pasteurella spp, actinobacillus spp, escherichia coli, klebsiella spp, enterobacter spp, pseudomonas spp, proteus spp, and bacillus spp. more ... | 1983 | 6638654 |
| in vitro function of canine neutrophils during experimental inflammatory disease. | the effect of acute inflammation on neutrophil function in the dog was studied by measuring in vitro phagocytosis and killing of staphylococcus aureus. phagocytosis was not impaired after 30 or 60 minutes and bactericidal activity was not impaired after 60 minutes incubation. however, average bactericidal activity after 30 minutes incubation was diminished significantly (p less than 0.01). wide variations in bactericidal activity after 30 minutes incubation during the course of the inflammation ... | 1983 | 6659336 |
| the use of protein-a in the treatment of malignancy: rationale and the nci experience. | | 1982 | 6757952 |
| posologic evaluation of clindamycin, using a canine model of posttraumatic osteomyelitis. | posttraumatic osteomyelitis attributable to staphylococcus aureus infection was experimentally induced in 30 dogs, after which the dogs were treated with clindamycin at various dosage regimens. of the regimens evaluated, oral administration of 11 mg of clindamycin/kg of body weight twice daily for 28 days was the most effective treatment for the osteomyelitis. | 1987 | 3631693 |
| comparison of concentrations of rifampin and a new rifamycin derivative, dl 473, in canine bone. | constant-infusion experiments were performed in 14 dogs to determine the penetration into bone of rifampin and a new c-3 substituted rifamycin, dl 473. the drugs were assayed in cortical bone and medulla from tibia-femur and cortical and cancellous bone from rib. after identical dosage, the concentrations of dl 473 appeared to be higher, except in the medulla, although the serum concentrations of rifampin were almost twice as high as those for dl 473. the concentrations of both drugs in all bone ... | 1983 | 6838192 |
| [experimental gallstone formation. etiological significance of beta-glucuronidase producing bacteria and biliary obstruction]. | bile pigment gallstones were produced in six of six mongrel dogs by narrowing the cystic duct with ligature after a postoperative interval of seven days. beta-glucuronidase producing group g streptococcus and staphylococcus aureus were found in the bile, the gallbladder wall, and the liver. in another trial similar gallstones were produced in four of eight dogs after mere injection of beta-glucuronidase producing escherichia coli into the spleen resp. in six of eight dogs after injection of e. c ... | 1983 | 6855381 |
| tissue vitality in septic gonitis. 99mtc-dpd scintimetry in puppies. | after a single intraarticular injection of 10(9) staphylococcus aureus in 12 puppies, septic arthritis developed in all the experimental knees after 48 hours. a considerable variability in scintigraphic appearance was observed. the juxtaarticular growth plates showed either unchanged or slightly decreased uptake except in 1 dog exhibiting a definite increase in tracer uptake. the epiphyseal uptake showed no consistent pattern. the intraarticular pressure of the arthritic joints increased signifi ... | 1987 | 3673525 |
| relation of antibody-coated urine bacteria to the site(s) of infection in experimental dogs. | antibody-coated bacteria tests, using fluorescein-conjugated rabbit anti-canine immunoglobulin (ig)g and anti-iga, were conducted on 77 specimens of bladder urine obtained by antepubic cystocentesis from 25 dogs with urinary tract infections. urine specimens from 3 dogs infected with staphylococcus aureus were tested a total of 27 times, specimens from 10 dogs infected with escherichia coli were tested 25 times, urine from 6 dogs infected with proteus mirabilis was sampled and tested 18 times, u ... | 1980 | 6996543 |
| the role of antibiotic bonding in the prevention of vascular prosthetic infections. | oxacillin, a negatively charged antibiotic, was bonded to polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe) grafts using the cationic surfactant, benzalkonium chloride. control ptfe grafts and bonded grafts prepared at room temperature and at 90 c were placed in the infrarenal aorta of dogs and challenged by local contamination with staphylococcus aureus. bonded grafts were superior to controls in negative cultures, patency, and survival. the possible role of antibiotic bonding in the prevention of vascular prosth ... | 1982 | 7055393 |
| bubble oxygenation and cardiotomy suction impair the host defense during cardiopulmonary bypass: a study in dogs. | decreased complement levels and impairment of polymorphonuclear leukocyte function increase the risk of infection during cardiopulmonary bypass (cpb). the effects of different types of oxygenator and of blood suction on this natural humoral and cellular host defense mechanism were investigated in dogs undergoing cpb during sham open-heart operations. airborne contamination of the wound area and the cpb circuit was performed by aerosolizing staphylococcus aureus. a membrane oxygenator in the cpb ... | 1987 | 3675057 |
| [clumping-factor-reactions of staphylococcus aureus of different origin in plasma- and fibrinogen-preparations(author's transl)]. | the clumping-factor (cf) test in microtiter-plates proved suitable for the preliminary identification of staphylococcus aureus, provided a "susceptible" plasma- or fibrinogen-preparation had been applied (table 1). thus, all of 100 s. aureus-cultures from humans gave strongly positive cf-reactions with plasma from humans, rabbits, pigs, cattle, and dogs as well as with fibrinogen-solutions from humans and cattle. equally, all of 100 s. aureus-cultures from cattle clumped in plasma from pigs, cat ... | 1981 | 7199236 |
| bacterially contaminated detached autogenous bone fragments--an experimental study. | bacterially contaminated and uncontaminated standardized autogenous bone fragments were compared in an experimental canine model. bacterial contamination was effected by immersing in a staphylococcus aureus suspension of 6 x 10(8)/ml for 15 minutes. the fragments were replaced and either left detached or fixed with a lag screw. in a number of cases bone replacement was combined with transverse osteotomy followed by reduction and fixation with a six-hole neutralization plate based on the ao-princ ... | 1986 | 3763018 |
| ability of nonviable staphylococcus aureus cowan i to bind ionized calcium in vitro and ex vivo in an extracorporeal perfusion system. | during immunoadsorption of plasma immunoglobulin g (igg) and/or its complexes, using nonviable staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sa) as an immunoadsorbent, we observed a consistent drop in plasma calcium during every immunoadsorption procedure. the percentage of decrease in plasma calcium was directly dependent on the amount of sa adsorbent present. although sa can bind both igg and calcium, the degree of binding of igg was greater than that of calcium. calcium could not be detected in the igg frac ... | 1981 | 7307002 |
| enterotoxin production by staphylococcus aureus related to the origin of the strains. | the production of enterotoxins by strains of staphylococcus aureus of human and animal origin seems to be common. 104 out of 170 strains (61%) produced one or more of the a, b, and c enterotoxins. strains from cow and milk often produced enterotoxin c, and enterotoxin a producing strains were mainly isolated from dogs. human food poisoning seemed in our material to be induced by enterotoxin a producing strains. | 1981 | 7336929 |
| prostaglandin f2 alpha treatment of canine pyometra. | immediate and long-term outcomes of prostaglandin f2 alpha treatment for canine pyometra were studied in 10 bitches. examination of pretreatment uterine biopsy specimens, taken for histopathologic diagnosis and classification of disease severity, revealed either type iii or iv pyometra. dinoprost tromethamine (0.25 or 0.5 mg/kg of body weight, sc) was given once daily for 3 days. bitches were bred at the first posttreatment estrus and monitored for a minimum of one year. when pure cultures of es ... | 1986 | 3793594 |
| mammalian bite wounds. | clinical data were collected prospectively from a series of 160 patients presenting with mammalian bite wounds. anaerobic and aerobic cultures were prepared from sterile swabs placed in 65 bite wounds prior to cleansing. infection was noted in 11 of 22 cat bites, six of 37 human bites, three of 80 dog bites, and in none of the 21 bites caused by other mammals. pasteurella multocida was recovered from six infected cat and dog bites, all of which developed infection within 24 hours of injury. stap ... | 1980 | 7356213 |
| biotyping of coagulase-positive staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus intermedius strains isolated from various animals in japan. | | 1986 | 3820922 |
| effects of plasma treatment with purified protein a and staphylococcus aureus cowan i on spontaneous animal neoplasms. | eleven dogs with spontaneous neoplasms were intensively treated with an immunoadsorption system consisting of a continuous flow centrifuge, protein a-sepharose columns, and a semi-automatic elution system. despite consistent and substantial lowering of immunoglobulin g levels, tumor regression was noted in only one of 11 dogs. in contrast, infusion of small volumes of plasma after incubation with heat and formalin-treated staphylococcus aureus cowan i resulted in a tumoricidal response in five o ... | 1985 | 3971372 |
| serological characteristics of coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from man and animals. | a simplified method allowed staphylococcus aureus, staph. intermedius and coagulase-positive staph. hyicus subsp. hyicus isolated from humans, dogs, monkey, sheep, poultry, rabbits, giant rats (cricetomys gambianus) and other animals to be serotyped. the nine coagulase-positive staphylococcal strains of human origin possessed thermolabile and thermostable agglutinogens. two strains of staph. intermedius of human and canine origins examined had agglutinogen k1k2. the three staph. aureus strains i ... | 1985 | 3997688 |
| antagonistic activities of coagulase-positive staphylococci. | antagonistic activities were investigated by frédérioq's plate method in 1,014 coagulase-positive staphylococcal strains of different species and origins. staphylococcin effect was demonstrated in 12 (2%) of the 559 staphylococcus aureus strains, in 51 (18%) of the 283 s. intermedius strains, and in 1 (3%) of the 36 s. hyicus subsp. chromogenes strains. lysostaphin was identified in the 15 (5%) s. intermedius strains. in addition, heat-stable bacteriostatic agent was detected in 45 (33%) and hea ... | 1985 | 4020118 |
| bacterial adherence to endothelial-seeded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts. | since infections of an arterial prosthesis pose a serious threat to life and limb, efforts to produce a graft that is resistant to hematogenous bacteremia continue. we studied the effect of endothelial seeding on bacterial adherence to polytetrafluoroethylene grafts in a canine model. enzymatically derived venous endothelial cells were seeded in 10 cm long, 4 mm inner diameter polytetrafluoroethylene grafts, which were then implanted as carotid interpositions opposite contralateral unseeded cont ... | 1985 | 4049253 |
| identification of nuclease-positive staphylococci isolated from animals. | the nuclease-neutralisation test was evaluated as a means of identifying nuclease-positive staphylococci isolated from different animals. the test identified 510 of 520 strains (98%) of staphylococci characterised by biochemical testing. | 1985 | 4068028 |
| serological activity of protein a of staphylococcus aureus: the precipitinogen as an antigen for determining antibodies by the passive hemagglutination test. | tanned sheep erythrocytes have been considered incapable of sensitization with the precipitinogen of protein a of staphylococcus aureus, so that the activity of this antigen in serological reactions has so far been studied by means of the agar diffusion test (adt) only. the precipitinogen of the protein a in this study was found to become attached to the tanned erythrocytes and to sensitize them for the passive hemagglutination test (pht). it was determined that, in contrast to nonspecific react ... | 1968 | 4969604 |
| comparative in vitro activities of du-6859a, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin against 387 aerobic and anaerobic bite wound isolates. | the activities of du-6859a, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin against bite wound isolates were determined by the agar dilution method. du-6859a was the most active compound (mics, < or = 0.125 microg/ml) against all pasteurella species, staphylococcus aureus, and streptococci; anaerobes were susceptible to < or = 0.5 microg/ml, except fusobacteria, which were susceptible to < or = 2 microg/ml. against aerobes, levofloxacin was more active than ofloxacin (mic at which 90% o ... | 1997 | 9145900 |
| bacteriostatic activity of serum against staphylococci. | cybulska, janina (state institute of hygiene, warsaw, poland), and j. jeljaszewicz. bacteriostatic activity of serum against staphylococci. j. bacteriol. 91:953-962. 1966.-antistaphylococcal activity of normal serum against strains exhibiting various patterns of coagulase, clumping-factor, and staphylokinase production is not connected with the presence of these factors. purified coagulase does not influence this property of serum. coagulase-negative strains with clumping-factor activity grow in ... | 1966 | 5929770 |
| novel fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents containing oxime-substituted (aminomethyl)pyrrolidines: synthesis and antibacterial activity of 7-(4-(aminomethyl)-3-(methoxyimino)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-cyclopropyl-6- fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro[1,8]naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid (lb20304). | new pyrrolidine derivatives, which bear an alkyloxime substituent in the 4-position and an aminomethyl substituent in the 3-position of the pyrrolidine ring, have been synthesized and coupled with various quinolinecarboxylic acids to produce a series of new fluoroquinolone antibacterials. these fluoroquinolones were found to possess potent antimicrobial activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, including methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). variations at the ... | 1997 | 9357525 |
| epidemiosurveillance of antimicrobial compound resistance of staphylococcus intermedium clinical isolates from canine pyodermas. | in a retrospective study, 131 staphylococcus intermedius strains isolated from apparently healthy dogs, and 187 staphylococcus intermedius strains isolated from dog pyodermas in the clinical microbiology laboratory at the national veterinary school in nantes, during three successive periods: 1986-87, 1992-93 and 1995-96, were investigated and compared for their antimicrobial susceptibility. results indicated that 60% to 65% of the strains were susceptible to chloramphenicol and doxycyclin, 65% t ... | 1998 | 9611682 |
| [experimental endocarditis. pathological anatomy of human endocarditis]. | experimental reproduction of human endocarditis in animal models has been based on the induction of structural lesions in valve endocardium using different methods. the primary lesion caused in this way is the so called non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis. its colonization is then induced by inoculation of microorganisms in the bloodstream. freedman's modified method has been the most widespread model of this type. it has mainly been performed in rabbits with inoculation of staphylococcus aure ... | 1998 | 9658942 |
| control of bacterial infections in the hard tick dermacentor variabilis (acari: ixodidae): evidence for the existence of antimicrobial proteins in tick hemolymph. | the ability of hard ticks to prevent infection by bacteria was investigated. during a 72-h period, virtually all dermacentor variabilis females survived inoculation with bacillus subtilis, escherichia coli, and staphyloccocus aureus but few survived infection with pseudomonas aeruginosa. the hemocyte population increased to peak abundance at 48 h to approximately 6 times that of the uninfected controls. in contrast, the soluble hemolymph protein content decreased inversely as the hemocytes incre ... | 1998 | 9701927 |
| [results of the determination of resistance to corrosive sublimate in staphylococcus aureus strains of human and animal origin]. | | 1966 | 5979659 |
| experimental colonization of vascular grafts with staphylococcus aureus. | in an attempt to solve the problem of infection of arterial grafts, the authors designed an experimental model to reproduce, in vitro, hematogenous seeding of grafts with staphylococcus aureus. the inoculum, containing an average of 10(7) viable bacterial cells per millilitre, was circulated through grafts of various types. normal dog aortas were used as controls. they entrapped a mean of 8 bacteria/cm2. the prosthetic grafts, previously placed in dogs as femorofemoral arteriovenous bypasses for ... | 1983 | 6226349 |
| identification of a precursor in the biosynthesis of the p21 transforming protein of harvey murine sarcoma virus. | the p21 transforming protein coded for by the v-ras gene of harvey murine sarcoma virus (ha-musv) migrates as a doublet band between 21,000 and 23,000 daltons during sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the lower band of the doublet is designated p21, and the upper band is designated pp21 since it comigrates with the phosphorylated form of p21. by pulse-labeling with [35s] methionine, we detected a p21 precursor, pro-p21, which migrated as if it was approximately 1,000 dalt ... | 1982 | 6283143 |
| high and low pressure pulsatile lavage of contaminated tibial fractures: an in vitro study of bacterial adherence and bone damage. | this study was designed to examine the effect of pulsatile irrigation on microscopic bone architecture and its time-dependent efficacy in removing adherent slime-producing bacteria from cortical bone. | 1999 | 10714777 |
| experience with staphylococcus aureus and protein a in the treatment of canine malignancies. | | 1984 | 6379110 |
| fr192752, a novel orally active cephalosporin synthesis and biological properties. | | 2000 | 11132972 |
| adsorption of plasma from tumor-bearing hosts over protein a--containing nonviable staphylococcus aureus cowan i: possible mechanism of antitumor reactions. | adsorption of autologous plasma over nonviable staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac) followed by reinfusion of the plasma causes regression of (a) chemically induced rat mammary adenocarcinomas (ma), and (b) canine transmissible venereal tumors (tvt) and spontaneously occurring dog tumors. animal data are more impressive than that from trials in humans. nine of 41 patients receiving perfusions of adsorbed plasma showed some partial objective response. eight of these nine patients received multiple ... | 1984 | 6379112 |
| a passive system using rifampin to create an infection-resistant vascular prosthesis. | vascular prosthesis infection is a devastating complication of vascular operations. the development of a simple process for imparting infection resistance to vascular prosthesis material would be invaluable. rifampin was added to the blood that was used to preclot 8 mm dacron vascular prostheses that were used to replace the infrarenal aorta in 10 mongrel dogs. rings of the grafts were resected after blood had flowed through them for 0 minute, 15 minutes, 60 minutes, and 24 hours. the resected g ... | 1983 | 6415831 |