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[aujeszky disease in pigs: practicability of an elisa for detection of serum antibodies (author's transl)]. 19816262038
[biological properties of the mk 35 mutant of aujeszky's disease virus (pseudorabies virus)].clinical, virological, and morphological studies were carried out with a total of 15 twenty-day-old pigs and 55 rabbits of 2.5 kg body weight. all were experimentally infected with a new mutant, mk 35 (3.5 x 10(7) plaque forming units) of the pseudorabies virus. the changes taking place in the test animals were followed up in their dynamics from the first to the thirtieth day after injecting the virus. no clinical signs speaking of the development of aujeszky-s disease were noted, neither was th ...19816272477
[comparative studies of porcine sera with an immunoenzyme test (elisa) and neutralization test for serodiagnosis of aujeszky's disease in swine]. 19816273100
[comparative pathomorphological studies of piglets infected with different strains of the pseudorabies virus].studied were morphologically the central nervous system and the internal organs of a total of 40 experimentally infected pigs-10 infected with the virulent strain b (5.2 c 10(6) pfu), 10 infected with the slightly virulent strain k (4.8 x 10(6) pfu), and 20 infected with the vaccinal mutant strain mk 25 (2.4 x 10(6) pfu), along with 4 control pigs. histologically, all treated animals showed changes in the central nervous system characteristic of nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis. the lesions we ...19816274081
resistance of porcine preimplantation embryos to pseudorabies virus. 19816275748
[serological studies on the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies against pseudorabies virus in pigs in hessen (author's transl)]. 19816263571
[immunohistologic antigen demonstration and virus isolation in cell cultures in aujeszky disease]. 19816264912
[field experience using an inactivated vaccine in aujeszky's disease vaccination of cattle (author's transl)].in the autumn of 1979, approximately, 400 animals on twenty farms were inoculated twice against aujeszky's disease using an inactivated vaccine in a practice in the achterhoek (province of gelderland). the animals vaccinated were mainly yearlings and heifers on farms on which cattle and pigs could not be effectively separated. adverse reactions to vaccination, other than a slight to moderate increase in body temperature, were not observed. outbreaks did not occur in vaccinated cattle during the ...19816270844
aujeszky's disease: recent advances and current problems. 19816278375
isoelectric focusing of infectious particles of porcine pseudorabies virus strains in granulated dextran gels.isoelectric focusing of infectious particles of four strains of porcine pseudorabies viruses (indiana, iowa, shope and an avirulent live-virus vaccine strains) are described. the pseudorabies virus strains exhibited great mobility in the electric field typical of viruses of the herpes group. strains were considered electrophoretically homogeneous based on their respective isoelectric points. maximal virus infectivity was concentrated in reproducible, stationary zones representing 73 to 86% of th ...19826280822
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting antibodies to aujeszky's disease virus in pigs.an indirect micro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detecting antibodies to aujeszky's disease virus in pigs is described. a control antigen prepared from infected cells was included for each serum tested. of 243 sera from serologically positive farms, 175 (72 per cent) and 147 (60 per cent) were positive by the elisa test and microtitre serum neutralisation test, respectively. failure to include a control antigen for each serum would have resulted in 14 sera (6 per cent) being diffe ...19816280368
isolation of transmissible gastroenteritis virus, pseudorabies virus, and porcine enterovirus from pharyngeal swabs taken from market-weight-swine.pharyngeal swab samples were collected at a central iowa abattoir from 6,010 market-weight slaughter hogs from september 1, 1979 to august 31, 1980. the swab samples were examined for cytopathic viruses by inoculation of monolayer cultures of continuous line of swine testicular cells. of the 6,010 swab samples tested, transmissible gastroenteritis virus was isolated from 91 (1,51%), pseudorabies virus was isolated from 431 (7.17%), and porcine enterovirus was isolated from 21 (0.35%). although a ...19816278996
comparison of a direct radioimmunoassay with virus isolation in cell culture for detection of pseudorabies virus in tissues of infected swine.a direct radioimmunoassay (dria) was developed for detection of pseudorabies virus (prv) in tissues of pigs with clinical disease. homogenates of tissues prepared from 289 swine were tested for prv with the dria and virus-isolation technique (vit). the virus was detected in 53 (18%) of the homogenates by both dria and vit. fifteen (5%) others were positive for prv by vit, but negative by dria. there were no samples negative by vit and positive by dria. a total of 221 (77%) pigs with clinical prv ...19826280535
[replication of the aujeszky virus in vaccinated swine following experimental infection with large and medium amounts of virus]. 19826283767
hog cholera antibodies in pigs vaccinated with an aujeszky-vaccine based on antigen produced in ib-rs-2 cells. 19816283854
experimental transmission of pseudorabies virus in swine by embryo transfer. 19826283958
horizontal transmission of pseudorabies virus in cattle.pseudorabies virus (prv) was not transmitted horizontally from 3 prv-infected calves to 2 contact control calves during 4 days of comingling in experiment 1. although these contact control calves developed clinical signs of pseudorabies when infected intranasally with prv in experiment 2, they did not transmit prv to a second pair of contact control calves. however, 1 of 2 pigs comingled with these 4 calves seroconverted. during both experiments, moderate amounts (10(2) to 10(5) tcid50) of prv w ...19826283959
vaccination of cattle against pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) with homologous virus (herpes suis) and heterologous virus (herpes bovis 1).study was made to determine whether vaccination of cattle against pseudorabies (pr; aujeszky's disease) affords protection upon subsequent intranasal challenge exposure with virulent virus. vaccinations were performed with a commercially available oil-adjuvant pr virus vaccine, in some cases supplemented with a1(oh)3 (given subcutaneously), with the attenuated nia4 strain of pr virus (given intranasally), and with a commercially available temperature-sensitive mutant of bovine herpesvirus-1 (inf ...19826283963
pseudorabies virus antibodies in swine slaughtered in iowa.sera from butcher swine (1,246 total) were evaluated qualitatively by the microimmunodiffusion test and quantitatively by the virus neutralization test for antibody to pseudorabies virus. ten percent of the sera had antibody to pseudorabies virus. follow-up contact with veterinarians whose clients included the farms from which the positive swine originated revealed that few feeder swine are vaccinated against pseudorabies and that most infections with pseudorabies virus are subclinical.19826284324
pseudorabies virus infection in raccoons: a review.pseudorabies is a rarely reported disease of raccoons. laboratory and field evidence of prv infection suggests the raccoon is a "dead end" host with little opportunity for raccoon-to-raccoon spread of virus. all reported field cases have been associated closely with infected swine and swine have been considered the source of the raccoon infection. the clinical signs of prv in raccoons closely resembles those of canine distemper and rabies virus infections. infection with the latter viruses are c ...19826285008
immunoperoxidase study of aujeszky's disease in pigs.viral antigen was detected by an immunoperoxidase technique in histological sections from pigs with aujeszky's disease. the antigen was found mainly in association with focal necrosis in the cerebellum, tonsils, oral and nasal mucosa, salivary glands, lungs, liver, kidneys, pancreas, spleen and adrenal glands. cells at the margin of the necrotic foci especially were strongly positive. viral antigen was also demonstrated in the cerebral cortex and in the brain stem. two types of intranuclear incl ...19826285434
inactivation by gamma irradiation of animal viruses in simulated laboratory effluent.several animal viruses were treated with gamma radiation from a 60co source under conditions which might be found in effluent from an animal disease laboratory. swine vesicular disease virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, and blue-tongue virus were irradiated in tissues from experimentally infected animals. pseudorabies virus, fowl plague virus, swine vesicular disease virus, and vesicular stomatitis virus were irradiated in liquid animal feces. all were tested in animals and in vitro. the d10 val ...19826285822
isolation of aujeszky's disease virus from boar semen. 19816282077
[aujeszky's disease of swine--demonstration of specific antibodies in organs with elisa]. 19826290170
oronasal challenge of fattening pigs after vaccination with an inactivated aujeszky's disease vaccine.groups of pigs from vaccinated and unvaccinated sows were vaccinated once or twice between the ages of eight and 20 weeks with a commercial inactivated, oil adjuvanted aujeszky's disease virus vaccine. pigs were challenged by the oronasal route when 22 to 27 weeks old. pigs from unvaccinated sows developed neutralising antibodies after vaccination but no seroconversion was detected in eight-week-old pigs or in 80 per cent of 15-week-old pigs from vaccinated sows. challenge resulted in severe dis ...19826283610
an incidence of pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) in piglets in japan. 19816283221
[control of enzootic aujeszky's disease on pig farms].virologic and serologic investigations were carried out to demonstrate the persistence of the virulent virus of aujeszky's disease. threefold vaccinations were conducted with a live vaccine, embracing all animals on the farm and those that were born during the time when sanitation measures were applied. the first vaccination of the sucking pigs was performed with 10 doses of the vaccine in each case. during the time of applying sanation measures the farm was kept closed, the pigs after weaning b ...19826291224
[control of latent enzootic aujeszky's disease].an attempt was made on a swine-breeding complex, where the virus of aujeski's disease was demonstrated to interrupt the inapparent epizootic process of the disease. the persistence of the virus on the complex was demonstrated via virologic investigations of organs of pigs with respiratory symptoms and studies of sera of various groups of animals. a batch of pigs was divided into three groups of which one was left untreated, one was vaccinated at the time of weaning, and one was vaccinated at the ...19826291226
leukocyte migration-inhibition agarose test in swine after vaccination and challenge with inactivated and activated pseudorabies virus.cell-mediated immunity to pseudorabies virus (prv) was studied by means of the leukocyte migration-inhibition (lmi) agarose test. migration of leukocytes from swine vaccinated with 10 tcid50 inactivate prv and from normal control swine was not inhibited in the presence of specific prv antigen. cellular immune responses were detected in 80% of the vaccinated and 40% of the control group animals at the 1st week after challenge exposure. at the 2nd week, both groups of swine showed a peak level (p ...19826291874
[effect of colostral antibodies on the development of immunity in piglets immunized with live vaccine].pigs of sows treated with a live vaccine were in turn vaccinated with a live vaccine at different age. part of them were challenged with a virus at 60 days of age, the remaining -- at 90 days. the pigs were kept under clinical observation, and were killed on the 10th day following challenge in order to be thoroughly investigated. it was found that the passive immunity (virus-neutralizing antibodies) in pigs of twice (live vaccine) treated sows persisted for 4 to 5 weeks after birth. it dropped s ...19826291227
intranasal vaccination of pigs against aujeszky's disease. 1. comparison of intranasal and parenteral vaccination with an attenuated vaccine in 12-week-old pigs from immunized dams. 19826287698
studies on the role of humoral and cell-mediated immunity in pigs after vaccination with aujeszky's disease virus.humoral and cellular immunity in pigs vaccinated twice with aujeszky's disease virus (adv) was studied by seroneutralizing test and direct leucocyte migration inhibition technique. significant migration inhibition of leucocytes (lmi) was found on the fifth day, whereas specific antibodies began to appear at that time only in very low titers. anamnestic reaction due to the second injection of adv did not bring about a significant increase of migration inhibition of leucocytes, instead the level o ...19816291846
field evaluation of test-and-removal and vaccination as control measures for pseudorabies in missouri swine.eighteen missouri swine herds were serologically monitored to determine the efficiency of two methods for the control of pseudorabies. a serum neutralization test-and-removal procedure was effective in ten of ten herds using this method. vaccination procedures were less reliable. virus still circulated in five of eight vaccinated herds and a thorough epidemiological evaluation of herd status was impossible. titers caused by vaccination could not be distinguished from those by natural infection. ...19826293689
the incidence of aujeszky's disease in finland. 19826294595
experimental infection of european wild swine (sus scrofa l.) with pseudorabies virus.experimental infection with pseudorabies virus was carried out by oral exposure of four young wild swine held in contact with two unexposed controls. no disease was observed but virological procedures indicated that the virus was shed in saliva and, in one case, in the nasal discharge, with subsequent infection of the control animals. after slaughter the virus was reisolated from the tonsils but not from lungs and brain. virus reisolation from the tonsils was obtained in two animals after the th ...19826296470
evaluation in swine of a subunit vaccine against pseudorabies.a subunit vaccine against pseudorabies virus (prv) was prepared by treating a mixture of pelleted virions and infected cells with the nonionic detergent nonidet p-40 and emulsifying the extracted proteins incomplete freund's adjuvant. three 7-week-old pigs without antibodies against prv were given 2 im doses of this vaccine 3 weeks apart. thirty days after the 2nd vaccination, 10(6) median tissue culture infective doses (tcid50) of a virulent strain of prv were administered intranasally. tonsill ...19836297337
immune response of pigs inoculated with virulent pseudorabies virus and pigs inoculated with attenuated or inactivated pseudorabies virus vaccine before and after challenge exposure.pseudorabies virus (prv) antibodies, detectable by indirect radioimmunoassay (iria), serum-virus neutralization test (nt), or microimmunodiffusion test (midt) were developed within 8 days after pigs were inoculated with virulent prv or attenuated prv vaccine. indirect radioimmunoassay and nt titers in pigs inoculated with virulent prv were developed at the same rate, with iria titers being higher than nt titers. pigs inoculated with attenuated or inactivated prv vaccine developed peak mean prech ...19826299139
occurrence and reactivation of latent aujeszky's disease virus following challenge in previously vaccinated pigs.pigs which were vaccinated with an inactivated adv vaccine developed a latent adv infection up to 18 months after adv challenge. up to 6.5 months p.i. latent virus could be demonstrated by co-cultivation of different organ tissues (lungs, tonsils, olfactory bulb, brain stem, medulla). afterwards, reactivation of latent virus was only achieved by immunosuppression of the animals. immunosuppression led to a limited virus replication in nasal mucosa, tonsils, lymph nodes and central nervous system. ...19836299245
evaluation of the microimmunodiffusion test for the detection of antibody to pseudorabies virus. 19836297340
[vaccines against aujeszy's disease]. 19826299851
a case of aujeszky's disease virus infection in young chicks.on a rearing farm with 96,000 birds, 10,000 three and four days old chicks died with nervous symptoms. a virus was isolated from the brains and identified as an aujeszky's disease virus. the isolate was very pathogenic for chickens up to about 7 days of age, causing mortality after parenteral injection (intracerebral, intraperitoneal, intramuscular) but not after oral, eye drop or spray application. an aujeszky vaccine virus, made apathogenic by passages in chicken cells for use in swine, had th ...19826301138
the porcine humoral response to detergent extracted aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus antigens.twenty aujeszky's disease (ad) virus antigens were demonstrated by crossed immunoelectrophoresis in a triton-x-100 detergent extract of virus-infected pk-1a cells. eight of these antigens were shown to be glycosylated based on their ability to be specifically bound by the lectin ricinus communis agglutinin ii. pigs nasally infected with ad virus showed a significant serum antibody titer to seven of the known glycosylated antigens and to four additional antigens. the antibody titer to these antig ...19826301140
pseudorabies virus nucleocapsid antigen for skin testing in swine.a procedure is described for the production of an effective pseudorabies virus skin test antigen consisting of nucleocapsids. the nucleocapsids were prepared by disruption of pseudorabies virus-infected pig kidney cells and nonionic detergent removal of the viral envelope. this preparation was noninfectious for pig kidney cell cultures and mice. swine that had recovered from a pseudorabies virus infection and were injected intradermally with the nucleocapsid antigen developed a delayed type hype ...19836302131
a study in calves, swine and rabbits of the immunological relationships between infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and aujeszky's disease virus. 19836306958
[maternal antibodies against aujeszky-virus in piglets of vaccinated sows]. 19836299685
procedures for the elimination of pseudorabies virus from herds of swine. 19826298161
immunity of pigs vaccinated by live or inactivated aujeszky vaccines against experimental infection. 19826299030
comparison and evaluation of four serological tests for detection of antibodies to aujeszky's disease virus.four methods used for the detection of antibodies to aujeszky's disease virus in porcine sera were compared. the serum neutralisation test, countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis test, micro-immunodiffusion test and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) were assessed with particular regard to their use in large scale screening of porcine serum samples. the elisa test was found to be the most suitable on the grounds of sensitivity, speed and cost.19836310845
embryo transfer for conserving valuable genetic material from swine herds with pseudorabies.embryo transfer was used to conserve genetic material from 2 swine herds seropositive for pseudorabies virus (prv). embryos (n = 805) were recovered from 38 prv-seropositive duroc sows in iowa and, after 4 to 10 hours' culture and shipment to illinois, were transferred to 34 recipients from a herd seronegative for prv. all recipients remained seronegative for prv, and 22 of the recipients farrowed 208 pigs (189 alive) that also were seronegative for prv. there was no evidence of prv in the embry ...19836311780
serological response of pigs infected with aujeszky's disease virus.the temporal development of antibody in four groups of pigs infected with different aujeszky's disease virus isolates was examined. the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detected antibody by five to six days after infection and the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity assay detected antibody seven to nine days after infection. neutralising antibody was first detected nine to 10 days after infection, whereas assays measuring complement mediated antibody lysis did not detect antibody unti ...19836314461
[aujeszky's disease in swine]. 19836314593
serologic survey of california wild hogs for antibodies against selected zoonotic disease agents.blood samples were collected from trapped or hunter-killed wild hogs (sus scrofa) in 4 areas of california. sera were tested for antibodies against 7 zoonotic disease agents. antibodies against brucella sp were detected in 21 (15%) of 136 samples. antibodies against coxiella burnetii were found in 50% of the collected samples (67 of 135 tested). of the 135 wild hogs screened for pseudorabies virus, 4 (3%) were seropositive. leptospira interrogans antibodies were discovered in 118 (87%) of the 13 ...19836315659
pseudorabies: experimental studies in raccoons with different virus strains.raccoons (procyon lotor) were infected by the nasal/oral route with as little as 10(2) plaque forming units (pfu) of pseudorabies virus (prv). there was no apparent difference in the susceptibility of raccoons to infection with either of two virulent field strains or with the naturally avirulent k strain which has been used in modified live virus vaccines. each of these three viruses was transmitted by contact to uninfected raccoons. all raccoons that were infected with virulent field strains di ...19836315973
experimental aujeszky's disease in pigs: excretion, survival and transmission of the virus.airborne aujeszky's disease virus was recovered from looseboxes containing groups of pigs infected with virus strains from england, northern ireland and denmark from days 1 to 7 after infection. pigs sampled individually excreted most airborne virus on days 2 and 3 after infection. on a 24 hour basis the maximum amount of airborne virus excreted per pig was log10 5.3 tcid50. subclinical infection was transmitted from a clinically affected group of pigs to a seronegative group held in separate lo ...19836316624
shedding patterns in swine of virulent and attenuated pseudorabies virus.shedding patterns of 2 virulent (p-2208 and kc-152-d) and 1 attenuated (buk) strains of pseudorabies virus (prv) were determined in groups of intranasally inoculated feeder pigs. clinical signs observed following inoculation with the p-2208 and kc-152-d strains included increase in rectal temperatures up to 42.2 c, anorexia, severe respiratory disturbance, and fatal cns signs in 2 cases. clinical signs in pigs inoculated with 7.2 x 10(7) median tissue culture infective dose (tcid50) of the buk s ...19836316822
effects of vaccination on lesion development in pseudorabies virus-challenged swine.the effects of vaccination against pseudorabies virus (prv) infection were studied in 93 barrows. commercial attenuated and inactivated prv vaccines were used. the protection provided was evaluated by the comparison of clinical signs, gross lesions, and microscopic lesions among vaccinated and nonvaccinated pigs after challenge exposure with a sublethal dose of prv. histopathologic changes are described for the cns and other tissues. neither the modified live- nor the inactivated-prv vaccines pr ...19836307084
studies on the virulence of aujeszky's disease virus strains isolated from swine. 19816307023
pseudorabies virus, porcine parvovirus, and porcine enterovirus interactions with the zona pellucida of the porcine embryo.porcine embryos (n = 93) were incubated on cell monolayers that had been previously inoculated with pseudorabies virus, porcine parvovirus (ppv), or each of 2 porcine enteroviruses. after 2, 24, or 48 hours of incubation, the embryos were fixed in glutaraldehyde and examined by electron microscopic procedures. it was found that pseudorabies virus adsorbed to the zona pellucida (zp) and entered sperm tracks in the zp. the ppv and both enteroviruses entered pores in the zp and were associated with ...19836307093
restriction endonuclease analysis of the pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) virus before and after serial passage in vivo and in vitro.the deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) of pseudorabies virus (prv) was examined by restriction endonuclease analysis before and after various treatments: namely 1. plaque purification of stock virus, 2. serial passage of virus in cell culture at high (h) and low (l) multiplicity of infection (moi), and 3. serial passage of virus in swine. the objective of the study was to determine if such treatments would either select or induce virus populations with a different predominant number or location of enzy ...19836318695
[effect of vaccination against aujeszky's disease on the physical development and fertility of boars]. 19836317331
comparison of a modified counterimmunoelectrophoresis test and a microimmunodiffusion test for detection of pseudorabies virus antibodies in porcine sera.the correlation of a modified counterimmunoelectrophoresis (cie) test and a microimmunodiffusion test for detecting pseudorabies virus antibodies in porcine sera was investigated, using as reference a standard virus neutralization test. the counterimmunoelectrophoresis test exhibited a sensitivity comparable to the microimmunodiffusion test but was not as sensitive as the virus neutralization test. the best feature of the modified counterimmunoelectrophoresis test is that it is a rapid test. it ...19846324974
the effects of challenge on the humoral and cellular immune responses in pseudorabies vaccinated swine.the effects of challenge exposure on the humoral and cellular immune responses in pseudorabies vaccinated swine were studied in 84 barrows. the pigs were divided into seven groups and challenge exposed to a virulent strain of pseudorabies virus on months 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12 and 14 after vaccination. the pigs were vaccinated with commercial attenuated and inactivated pseudorabies virus vaccines. the protection conferred by vaccination was equally effective with both types of vaccines. the levels o ...19836321001
rapid diagnosis of aujeszky's disease in pigs by immunofluorescence.direct immunofluorescence on impression smears of brain and pharynx was compared with virus isolation in cell culture for the diagnosis of aujeszky's disease in experimentally and naturally infected pigs. pharyngeal impression smears were more sensitive than virus isolation in two pigs killed 10 and 12 days after experimental infection. both methods were of similar sensitivity in the detection of virus from field cases of disease. smears of brain and pharynx were more sensitive than virus isolat ...19846326215
the evaluation of a lectin-agarose based subunit vaccine and complementary diagnostic antigen for aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) in the pig.eleven out of 25 pigs were immunized with a lectin--agarose based subunit vaccine for aujeszky's disease (ad). the vaccine was prepared by extracting protective antigens from a non-ionic detergent (triton-x-100) extract of ad virus-infected pk-la cells with lens culinaris agglutinin immobilized on agarose beads. two groups of 3 and 4 pigs received 2 doses of vaccine each containing 426 micrograms of adsorbed protein. two groups of 2 pigs each received 2 vaccine doses containing either 23 or 33 m ...19846326377
[aujeszky's disease]. 19836326383
[use of solid-phase radioimmunoassay (ria) for the determination of antibodies to aujeszky's disease virus in the blood serum of vaccinated pigs].the specific antibodies to aujeszky's disease virus were determined by the method of solid-phase radioimmunoassay (ria) in the blood serums of pigs vaccinated with inactivated vaccine from three different producers. as found, in some groups of vaccinated pigs the results of ria examination are adversely affected by the relationship of antibodies to cellular antigenic determinants. this demonstrates that, after vaccination, antibodies are produced not only against the virus antigen but also again ...19836322405
in vivo and in vitro reactivation of latent pseudorabies virus in pigs born to vaccinated sows.latency of pseudorabies virus (prv) was established in 8 of 9 pigs born to 2 vaccinated sows. pigs had high, low, or no maternal antibody titers at the time of the initial inoculation. at postinoculation months 3 to 4, latent prv could be reactivated in vivo by the administration of large doses of corticosteroids. in most pigs, the stress-simulating treatment resulted in recrudescence of virus shedding after lag periods of 4 to 11 days. in 3 pigs, virus shedding was without clinical signs of dis ...19846324622
results of field trials with a pseudorabies virion skin test antigen. 19846327588
confirmation of pseudorabies virus infection, using virus recrudescence by dexamethasone treatment and in vitro lymphocyte stimulation.a corticosteroid treatment regimen, together with peripheral blood lymphocyte transformation and virus isolation, were used as epizootiologic tools to study pigs seropositive to pseudorabies (pr) virus, but of unknown pr viral infection status. after treatment with 160 mg of dexamethasone daily for 5 days, pr virus was isolated from 2 of 3 adult littermate boars that carried antibodies to pr virus. these pigs also transferred infection to a specific-pathogen-free sentinel penmate . after dexamet ...19846329047
[vaccination of boars against aujeszky's disease. 2. virus excretion in nasal secretions and ejaculates]. 19846325113
immune response of sows and their offspring to pseudorabies virus: serum neutralization response to vaccination and field virus challenge.one month prior to breeding, sows were vaccinated with an attenuated pseudorabies virus vaccine or challenged with a field strain of pseudorabies virus. a third group of sows were not vaccinated or challenged before breeding. pigs from these sows were vaccinated at 3, 6, or 12 weeks of age and challenged with virulent virus three weeks later. one pig from each litter served as an unvaccinated, unchallenged control. serum neutralization titers of these pigs were monitored from birth until 22 week ...19846326982
[persistence of virus in swine stock and breeding farms following an outbreak of aujeszky's disease].on seven fattening farms and seven breeding farms, investigations were carried out to examine whether aujeszky virus was capable of persisting in particular animal groups or units of the farm as a productive infection following a virologically verified outbreak. after an outbreak on fattening farms, virus persisted temporarily as newly arrived piglets became systematically infected. on the farms on which this could be accurately followed, virus persistence continued for at least 1 1/2 to 2 month ...19846330930
genetic differences in serum-neutralization titers of pigs after vaccination with pseudorabies modified live-virus vaccine.four-week-old pigs of the chester white, duroc, hampshire, landrace, and yorkshire breeds (n = 518) were vaccinated with a pseudorabies modified live-virus vaccine to determine whether genetic differences existed for immune response after vaccination. all pigs and their dams (sows) were tested before vaccination to determine preimmunization antibody titers, using a microtitration serum-neutralization (sn) test. the sn test results of sows were negative, as were preimmunization tests of the pigs. ...19846331234
[immunizing properties of 3 vaccines against aujeszky's disease]. 19846331335
the effect of pseudorabies (aujeszky's) virus infection on young mature boars and boar fertility.this study was designed to determine the effects of experimental inoculation with pseudorabies virus on the reproductive tracts of young adult boars. pseudorabies virus was inoculated intranasally into 12 boars and intrapreputially into four boars. all animals seroconverted after nasal or preputial inoculation. semen abnormalities were observed 21 days postinoculation with partial recovery by 50 days postinoculation. virus was isolated from the preputial sheath of two intrapreputially inoculated ...19846326983
use of hyperimmune serum, vaccination, and certain management procedures for control of pseudorabies in swine.a program involving use of hyperimmune serum, vaccination, and certain management procedures for the control of pseudorabies was evaluated on several farms on which the disease was enzootic. neonatal mortality and reproductive failures on farms utilizing the program were compared with death losses and reproductive failures on farms not utilizing the program. the reduction in preweaning mortality and reproductive failures between the treated and nontreated groups were 42.1% and 39.6%, respectivel ...19846330015
development of a nonneuronal cell line derived from porcine spinal ganglia.a cell line from porcine spinal ganglion (pspg) tissue was initiated and characterized. the pspg cell line contained epithelioid, fibroblast-like, and stellate-like cells. there were numerous intercellular communications between cells in the culture. neuronal cells were not present in the pspg cell line. the pspg cell line was aneuploid at the 5th and 45th subculture levels. seven porcine viruses replicated in cultures of pspg cells, and 2 pseudorabies virus strains infected the cells after bein ...19836402962
necrotizing enteritis in piglets associated with aujeszky's disease virus infection. 19846464305
tonsillar changes in pigs given pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) virus.all of the eight 5-day-old pigs orally given pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) virus developed tonsillitis. the initial changes occurred in the subepithelial area between the lymphoid nodule and the crypt epithelium, showing a characteristic pattern of necrosis. the necrosis became more severe and gained access into the lymphoid nodule and crypt epithelium. coincident with the histopathologic changes, numerous specific immunofluorescences were detected, first in the nucleus and in some parts of ...19846370049
necrotizing vasculitis in piglets infected orally with the virus of aujeszky's disease. 19846330418
pseudorabies in a dog.pseudorabies was diagnosed in a 5-year-old female crossbred dog by histologic examination and virus isolation. the clinical signs were depression, salivation, head pressing, and emesis. there were no gross pathologic findings. the microscopic findings in the brain stem consisted of mononuclear cell infiltrates in the leptomeninges, subarachnoid space, and neuropil. in addition, there were mononuclear cell perivascular cuffs, focal areas of gliosis, neuronal degeneration, and acidophilic intranuc ...19817275753
epidemiologic monitoring following an episode of pseudorabies involving swine, sheep, and cattle.in april 1978, an episode of pseudorabies involved swine, sheep, and cattle on a farm in north-central missouri. the herd of 48 farrowing sows was vaccinated, then separated from the sheep and cattle by double fencing. within 4 days, death losses in sheep and cattle ceased, indicating that separation by double fencing is an effective means of controlling interspecies virus spread. monitoring of pseudorabies in sows and their vaccinated offspring was done by serum neutralization testing and virus ...19807380713
a study of two mutant strains of pseudorabies virus (prv) unable to express thymidine kinase (tk) function.two mutant strains of pseudorabies virus (prv) were selected from the virulent 86/27v virus treated with chemical drugs. the viruses, named 6a1 and 6c2, respectively, appeared to be unable to express thymidine kinase function, as demonstrated by the autoradiography test. they showed a reduced virulence for some susceptible animal species (chickens, mice, rabbits, calves, lambs and piglets) and virus was isolated sporadically. the mutant viruses appeared to be able to protect animals against infe ...19957483895
field trial to evaluate immunogenicity of a glycoprotein i (ge)-deleted pseudorabies virus vaccine after its administration in the presence of maternal antibodies.a field trial was conducted on a commercial swine farm quarantined because of infection with pseudorabies virus. the purpose was to investigate, in growing pigs born to hyperimmunized sows, the immunogenicity of a vaccine with a glycoprotein i (ge) deletion. one hundred twenty pigs were assigned at random to 1 of 3 vaccination schedules at ages: 8 and 12 weeks; 8, 12, and 14 weeks; and 8, 12, and 16 weeks. immune response was measured at 8, 12, 14, 16, and 18 weeks, using the serum neutralizatio ...19957486392
study of transneuronal passage of pseudorabies virus in rat central nervous system by use of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.we studied the uptake and sequential transneuronal passage of pseudorabies virus (prv) in rat cns by use of a combination of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. protocols for rapid detection of prv by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization in rats with prv infection of the cns after intranasal instillation of a wild-type strain of prv were optimized in vitro, using porcine kidney-15 cells. pseudorabies virus-specific hybridization signals appeared in the cytoplasm and nucleus ...19957486398
systematic introduction of proline in a eukaryotic signal sequence suggests asymmetry within the hydrophobic core.the hydrophobic core or h region of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic signal sequences is the predominant structural domain that controls the efficiency of protein translocation across membranes. characteristically, hydrophobic cores appear to assume alpha-helical conformations, and studies in prokaryotes have indicated that this conformation is necessary for efficient signal sequence function. to address the conformational constraints of a eukaryotic signal sequence, we have introduced a single p ...19957499261
cellular receptor structures for pseudorabies virus are blocked by antithrombin iii.pseudorabies virus (prv), an alphaherpesvirus of swine, uses cellular heparan sulfate residues as a receptor for attachment. interaction of the virus with its receptor is mediated by the envelope glycoprotein c (prv-gc), a protein with heparin-binding properties. we have previously shown that a region of this protein shows structural similarities to the high-affinity heparin-binding site of the serum protease-inhibitor antithrombin iii (atii). in this publication, we describe the effect of atiii ...19957500917
role of glycoprotein gd in the adhesion of pseudorabies virus infected cells and subsequent cell-associated virus spread.pseudorabies virus (prv) infected cells in suspension are able to adhere to a monolayer of uninfected cells by means of prv glycoproteins expressed at the outer cell membrane, with gb and gc playing a major role as ligands and a heparinlike substance as receptor. in order to investigate the role of gd in this process and subsequent transmission of infectivity to contact cells, experiments with a gd deletion mutant, heparin and a monoclonal antibody (mab) against gd were performed. the first indi ...19957503685
rapid cold fixation of tissue samples by microwave irradiation for use in electron microscopy.a cold microwave irradiation procedure was developed to fix rapidly and stain various tissues and monolayers for electron microscopy. because microwave stimulation always produces some heat, melting ice was used to maintain the temperature of the tissue samples, the fixative, and the staining solution at 0 to 4 degrees c. the low temperature also reduced vapour formation, thus minimizing the risk of explosion. the microwave method shortened the total time of fixation and dehydration from the usu ...19937506702
construction and properties of pseudorabies virus recombinants with altered control of immediate-early gene expression.to investigate how altered control of expression of the essential immediate-early (ie) gene of pseudorabies virus influences virus replication and virulence, we replaced the ie promoter with the tissue-specific promoters of the bovine cytokeratin iv gene (ckiv), the bovine cytokeratin vib gene (ckvib), or the inducible promoter of drosophila heat shock gene hsp70. we compared expression of the ie gene of the wild-type virus and recombinant viruses in different cell types and at different tempera ...19957527083
glycoprotein gi of pseudorabies virus: epitope-specific antibody response in mice and pigs. 19947528969
investigation of pseudorabies virus dna and rna in trigeminal ganglia and tonsil tissues of latently infected swine.pseudorabies virus (prv) nucleic acids in the trigeminal ganglia and tonsils of swine latently infected with the virus were analyzed. by use of dna-polymerase chain reaction (pcr), 14 of 14 trigeminal ganglia and 12 of 14 tonsils were positive for prv genomes. by use of rna-pcr, rna containing the large latency transcript splice junction were detected in 4 of 4 trigeminal ganglia and 4 of 5 tonsils. in general, results of both pcr procedures indicated that the amounts of prv dna and rna per micr ...19957535023
cell-free and cell-associated viremia in pigs after oronasal infection with aujeszky's disease virus.nine pigs were examined for the presence of viremia during the first week after oronasal inoculation of 10(8.0) tcid50 aujeszky's disease virus (adv). blood was taken at 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 days post inoculation (pi) and the presence of cell-free adv in plasma and of adv-infected mononuclear cells was examined by titration and by cocultivation with permissive cells, respectively. the mononuclear cells of 6 of the 9 pigs, collected at 3 and 5 days pi were further separated into subpopulations of enr ...19957540341
[results of aujeszky disease control using marker vaccines]. 19957570555
a mutant of pseudorabies virus with deletion of glycoprotein giii gene prepared from a japanese isolate: it fails to agglutinate mouse erythrocytes.a mutant with deletion of the glycoprotein giii gene was produced from a japanese isolate of pseudorabies virus (prv) and characterized. viral titers of the mutant propagated in pk-15 cells were always lower than those of the parental virus. the parental virus agglutinated balb/c mouse erythrocytes, whereas the deletion mutant showed no hemagglutinating activity. pigs inoculated with the parental virus produced not only neutralizing but also hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies. on the other h ...19957571374
mutations affecting the ul21 gene contribute to avirulence of pseudorabies virus vaccine strain bartha.analysis of the live attenuated pseudorabies virus (prv) vaccine strain bartha indicated location of a major determinant for prv neurovirulence within the genomic bamhi fragment 4 (b. lomniczi et al., 1984, j. virol. 52, 198-205). to more precisely localize the defect, marker rescue experiments were performed using cloned subfragments of bamhi-4. rescuants were analyzed after intracerebral infection for their virulence in chicken, as well as after intranasal infection for virulence in pigs. we s ...19957571416
inactivation of viruses in liquid manure.the stability of some viruses and methods of virus inactivation in liquid manure are reviewed. the authors discuss experimental data on the stability of foot and mouth disease virus, classical swine fever virus, aujeszky's disease virus, african swine fever virus, swine influenza virus, porcine paramyxovirus, bovine virus diarrhoea virus and transmissible gastroenteritis of pigs virus. recommendations and practical advice are given for the choice and application of chemical disinfectants for slu ...19957579641
[vaccination trial against aujeszky's disease: development of antibody titers in sow serum, colostrum and the serum of suckling piglets and the influence of maternal antibodies on the serologic vaccination reaction of weaned piglets].in two vaccination trials the influence of different vaccination schedules of gifts on the colostral immunity of their offspring and the influence of maternally derived antibodies on the active formation of antibodies after vaccination in weanlings were tested. it could be shown, that vaccination of gifts 6 and 3 weeks prior to farrowing led to higher blood levels of maternally derived antibodies in their offspring than vaccination earlier during gestation or prior to mating. correlation between ...19957600945
effect of specific antibodies on the cell-associated spread of pseudorabies virus in monolayers of different cell types.the effect of specific pseudorabies virus (prv) antibodies on the enlargement of plaques produced by prv were studied in monolayers of different cell types. the plaque size was used as parameter for the efficacy of the cell-associated spread (cas) of prv. first, the effect of anti-prv hyperimmune serum on the plaque growth was examined in monolayers of the continuous cell lines st, sk-6 and mdck and monolayers of the primary cultures of porcine fibroblasts, endothelial cells and endometrial cell ...19957611884
rapid detection of pseudorabies virus by the shell vial technique.conventional 24-well microtiter plates and shell vials were seeded with pig kidney (pk-15) and bovine turbinate (bt) cells. the monolayers were inoculated with 244 clinical specimens from pigs suspected of having pseudorabies virus (prv) infection. the results of a shell vial assay (sva) were compared with those obtained in a 24-well plate cell culture assay in terms of sensitivity and speed of virus isolation. all samples were passaged only once in cell cultures in both assays. samples producin ...19957619897
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