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the parasitic flagellates trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus produce indole and dimethyl disulphide: direct characterization by membrane inlet tandem mass spectrometry.the use of a membrane inlet triple quadrupole mass spectrometer revealed indole as an end product in the growth medium of cultures of the cattle parasite tritrichomonas foetus and the human parasite trichomonas vaginalis: formation of indole is enhanced in the presence of added tryptophan. two different clinical isolates of trich. vaginalis also produce dimethyl disulphide. electron impact ionization yielded complex fragmentation mixtures, but the facility for analysis of daughter ions enabled u ...19911955862
cytotoxic and hemolytic effects of tritrichomonas foetus on mammalian cells.geographically distinct lines of tritrichomonas foetus were assayed for their ability to cause cytotoxicity in nucleated mammalian cells and lysis of bovine erythrocytes. t. foetus was highly cytotoxic toward a human cervical cell line (hela) and early bovine lymphosarcoma (bl-3) but displayed low levels of cytotoxicity against african green monkey kidney (vero) cells. in addition to variation in the extent of cytotoxicity toward different targets, differences in the levels of cytotoxicity in th ...19902228233
basic properties of tritrichomonas mobilensis hemagglutinin.tritrichomonas mobilensis is a recently described enteric protozoon of squirrel monkeys. an earlier report identified one of the metabolic products of this organism as a lectinlike hemagglutinin. its further properties were determined in this study. culture supernatants of t. mobilensis fp4190 were concentrated by ultrafiltration through a membrane with 100,000-molecular-weight cutoff. high titers of agglutinin against human erythrocytes were obtained. incubation at 70 degrees c for 15 min resul ...19883170709
venereal trichomoniasis: role of men.it has been suggested that high zinc concentrations found in men may prevent trichomonas vaginalis from being established in the male reproductive tract. in this investigation t vaginalis was readily killed at concentrations of zinc that occur in the prostatic fluid of healthy men (minimum trichomonacidal concentration (mtc) of 6.4 mmol/l). t vaginalis was also shown to be killed by human prostatic extracts as well as by human seminal fluid, even when the zinc content was much lower than the mtc ...19873498677
comparative complement selection in bacteria enables screening for lead compounds targeted to a purine salvage enzyme of parasites.expression plasmids encoding the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferases (hprts) of plasmodium falciparum, schistosoma mansoni, tritrichomonas foetus, and homo sapiens were subcloned into genetically deficient escherichia coli that requires complementation by the activity of a recombinant hprt for growth on semidefined medium. fifty-nine purine analogs were screened for their abilities to inhibit the growth of these bacteria. several compounds that selectively altered the growth of the bacteria ...19957793862
cloning, sequencing, and structural analysis of the dna encoding inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.205) from tritrichomonas foetus.the inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (impdh) of the parasitic protozoan tritrichomonas foetus is a purine salvage enzyme with a subunit molecular weight of 58,000. the enzyme has been purified to homogeneity by verham et al. (molecular and biochemical parasitology 24, 1-12, 1987) and characterized in more detail by hedstrom and wang (biochemistry 29, 849-854, 1990). we used a polyclonal antibody directed against the purified enzyme to identify three cdna clones from t. foetus. these clones we ...19947905423
hemolytic activity of trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus.the hemolytic activity of live isolates and clones of trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus was investigated. the isolates were tested against human erythrocytes. no hemolytic activity was detected by the isolates of t. foetus. whereas the isolates of t. vaginalis lysed erythrocytes from all human blood groups. no hemolysin released by the parasites could be detected. our preliminary results suggest that hemolysis depend on the susceptibility of red cell membranes to destabilization an ...19968734959
use of an animal model of trichomoniasis as a basis for understanding this disease in women.studies of host-parasite relationships in bovine trichomoniasis are presented as a basis for understanding mechanisms of pathogenesis and protection in trichomoniasis in women. the bovine infection is caused by trichomonas foetus, a trichomonad species closely related to the human pathogen trichomonas vaginalis. an estrogenized murine model infected with t. vaginalis is useful for the study of virulence factors, but the bovine model has advantages for the study of immunity because t. foetus infe ...19958845444
inactivation of tritrichomonas foetus and schistosoma mansoni purine phosphoribosyltransferases by arginine-specific reagents.the arginine-specific reagents phenylglyoxal and butane-2,3-dione irreversibly inactivate the tritrichomonas foetus hypoxanthine-guanine-xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (hgxprt) and schistosoma mansoni hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hgprt). the inactivation of the tritrichomonal enzyme by phenylglyoxal follows time-dependent and concentration-dependent pseudo-first-order kinetics. complete protection against inactivation is afforded by the addition of 25 microm gmp, whereas 5 ...19979108251
sialic acid-specific lectin from tritrichomonas foetus.a novel sialic acid-specific lectin (tfl) was isolated from tritrichomonas foetus culture supernatant and purified by erythrocyte adsorption followed by fetuin-agarose affinity chromatography. according to gel filtration tfl is a protein of 728 kda, different from the two sialidases of 853 and 254 kda, secreted by t. foetus into the medium. the lectin is formed by multimeric complexes of 66 kda subunit according to sds-page under reducing conditions. tfl is glycosylated with 4.2% of carbohydrate ...199910366765
immunolocalization of tubulin isoforms and post-translational modifications in the protists tritrichomonas foetus and trichomonas vaginalis.in the present report we show the distribution of multiple tubulin isoforms in trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus, flagellated parasitic protists of the urogenital tracts of human and cattle, respectively, using immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. we used several monoclonal and polyclonal anti-tubulin antibodies from different sources and recognizing variant tubulin isoforms. our results demonstrate that: (1) there is a heterogeneous distribution of the different tubul ...200111479719
tritrichomonas foetus: a scanning electron microscopy study of erythrocyte adhesion associated with hemolytic activity.the in vitro hemolytic activity of tritrichomonas foetus was investigated. the parasite was tested against human erythrocytes of groups a, b, ab, and o, and against erythrocytes of nine adult animals of different species (the rabbit, rat, chicken, cat, dog, swine, horse, bovine, and sheep). the results showed that t. foetus strains (atcc kv1, k, pal, 5022, rj, 90) did not present any hemolytic activity against any human erythrocyte group nor against rabbit, rat, chicken, cat, dog and swine eryth ...200415099509
pyruvate decarboxylase, the target for omeprazole in metronidazole-resistant and iron-restricted tritrichomonas foetus.the substituted benzimidazole omeprazole, used for the treatment of human peptic ulcer disease, inhibits the growth of the metronidazole-resistant bovine pathogen tritrichomonas foetus in vitro (mic at which the growth of parasite cultures is inhibited by 50%, 22 microg/ml [63 microm]). the antitrichomonad activity appears to be due to the inhibition of pyruvate decarboxylase (pdc), which is the key enzyme responsible for ethanol production and which is strongly upregulated in metronidazole-resi ...200415155220
tritrichomonas foetus induces apoptotic cell death in bovine vaginal epithelial cells.tritrichomonas foetus is a serious veterinary pathogen, causing bovine trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted disease leading to infertility and abortion. t. foetus infects the mucosal surfaces of the reproductive tract. infection with t. foetus leads to apoptotic cell death of bovine vaginal epithelial cells (bvecs) in culture. an affinity-purified cysteine protease (cp) fraction yielding on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis a single band with an apparent molecular mass ...200415213160
appearance of virus-like particles in tritrichomonas foetus after drug treatment.tritrichomonas foetus is a parasitic protist that infects the urogenital tract of cattle causing bovine trichomonosis. virus-like particles (vlps) in protozoa have been reported in several parasites including trichomonas vaginalis, a human flagellate, but viruses were never described in t. foetus so far. herein we show for the first time the presence of vlps in t. foetus after several drug treatments. they were detected by electron microscopy and were confirmed by immunofluorescence microscopy u ...200515979116
molecular identification of tritrichomonas foetus-like organisms as coinfecting agents of human pneumocystis pneumonia.trichomonads closely related to the bovid parasite tritrichomonas foetus were identified in the bronchoalveolar lavage sample from a patient with aids in association with pneumocystis pneumonia. this human case of t. foetus-like infection emphasizes the zoonotic potential of trichomonads, although the existence of a human-host-adapted t. foetus strain cannot be excluded.200616517921
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