| prevalence of hammondia hammondi in the feces of cats in ohio. | | 1977 | 410914 |
| [1st demonstration of hammondia hammondi (frenkel and dubey 1975) in the feces of a cat in germany)]. | | 1976 | 825096 |
| isoenzyme analysis of hammondia hammondi and toxoplasma gondii sporozoites. | isoenzyme analysis using isoelectrofocusing in polyacrylamide gels was used to distinguish hammondia hammondi and toxoplasma gondii sporozoites. five enzyme systems were studied: aconitase (ec 4.2.1.3), aspartate aminotransferase (ec 2.6.1.1), glucose phosphate isomerase (ec 5.3.1.9), lactate dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.27), and phosphoglucomutase (ec 2.7.5.1). three stocks of t. gondii belonging to 3 zymodemes were compared to 1 stock of h. hammondi. hammondia hammondi differed from t. gondii at al ... | 1992 | 1386109 |
| goats as natural intermediate hosts of hammondia hammondi. | the infectivity of hammondia hammondi (the g-8 strain) to goats was studied to determine the origin of this strain, because it was originally isolated from feces of a cat fed goat muscles. no clinical signs except fever were observed in kids after oocyst inoculation. when cat fed muscles of these kids, the cats excreted oocysts. the prepatent period was 7 to 9 days and the patent period was 6 to 12 days. from these experiments it became clear that the g-8 strain was infectious to goats. the orig ... | 1987 | 3310460 |
| a structural study of the neospora caninum oocyst. | oocysts of neospora caninum were collected from the faeces of a dog fed mouse brains containing tissue cysts of the nc-beef strain of n. caninum. sporulated oocysts were spherical to subspherical, and were 11.7x11.3 microm. the length/width ratio was 1.04. no micropyle or oocyst residuum was present. polar granules were not present, although occasionally tiny refractile granules were seen among sporocysts. sporocysts were ellipsoidal, did not contain a stieda body, and were 8.4x6.1 microm. the l ... | 1999 | 10608437 |
| differential detection of hammondia hammondi from toxoplasma gondii using polymerase chain reaction. | hammondia hammondi and toxoplasma gondii are two related coccidian parasites, with cats as definitive hosts and warm-blooded animals as intermediate hosts. it is difficult to differentiate them by morphological and serological parameters. in the present study, primers were designed to specifically amplify the its-1 region of h. hammondi to differentiate it from t. gondii. attempts were made to detect the presence of h. hammondi dna in the tissues of mice infected with h. hammondi alone, as well ... | 2005 | 16153883 |
| oocysts of neospora caninum, hammondia heydorni, toxoplasma gondii and hammondia hammondi in faeces collected from dogs in germany. | faecal samples of 24,089 dogs were examined coproscopically in two veterinary laboratories in germany between march 2001 and october 2004. in 47 dogs, oocysts of 9-14 microm size were found. their morphology was similar to those of hammondia heydorni and neospora caninum. samples of 28 of these dogs were further examined by inoculation into gerbils: seven isolates induced a specific antibody response against antigens of n. caninum nc-1 tachyzoites. this response suggests that the isolates contai ... | 2005 | 16197949 |
| occurrence of toxoplasma gondii and hammondia hammondi oocysts in the faeces of cats from germany and other european countries. | faecal samples of 24,106 cats from germany and other european countries were examined microscopically in a veterinary laboratory in germany between october 2004 and november 2006 to estimate the prevalence of animals shedding toxoplasma gondii or hammondia hammondi oocysts. oocysts of 9-15 microm size with a morphology similar to that of h. hammondi and t. gondii were found in 74 samples (0.31%). a total of 54 samples were further characterised to achieve a species diagnosis and to determine the ... | 2008 | 18226453 |
| results of parasitological examinations of faecal samples from cats and dogs in germany between 2003 and 2010. | in a retrospective study, the results of parasitological examinations of faecal samples from 8,560 cats and 24,677 dogs between january 2003 and december 2010 in germany were analysed. 30.4 % of the examined dogs and 22.8 % of the cats were infected with endoparasites. the examination of the faecal samples from dogs revealed stages of giardia spp. (18.6 %), toxocara canis (6.1 %), toxascaris leonina (0.6 %), ancylostomatidae (2.2 %), trichuris vulpis (1.2 %), capillaria spp. (1.3 %), crenosoma v ... | 2011 | 21739375 |
| redescription of hammondia hammondi and its differentiation from toxoplasma gondii. | hammondia hammondi is a protozoan parasite that, until 1975, was misidentified as toxoplasma gondii. recently, the validity of h. hammondi has been questioned. in this article, the authors redescribe the parasite and its life cycle, provide accession numbers to its specimens deposited in a museum, and distinguish it structurally and biologically from t. gondii. hammondia hammondi was found to be structurally, biologically, and molecularly different from t. gondii. | 2003 | 14572507 |
| monoclonal antibodies to hammondia hammondi allowing immunological differentiation from toxoplasma gondii. | five murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were developed against purified sporozoites of hammondia hammondi. despite a large antigenic similarity between the 2 closely related coccidia, h. hammondi and toxoplasma gondii, these mabs only reacted with h. hammondi. three mabs, id3, 3f2, and 4c9-7, recognized antigens of 38 kda localized in rhoptries (1d3), in rhoptries and in oocyst and cyst walls (3f2), and in rhoptries and the apical region (4c9-7). another mab, 4c9-10, reacted with a 27-kda antig ... | 2000 | 11191919 |
| antigenic similarity between hammondia hammondi and toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. | hammondia hammondi is an obligate heteroxenous intestinal coccidian of cats, sharing many characteristics with toxoplasma gondii. the tachyzoite stage antigens of t. gondii and h. hammondi were studied by immunofluorescence assays (ifa) and western blotting (wb) techniques to demonstrate antigenic similarities. five monoclonal antibodies (mabs), anti-t. gondii antigens, p22, p23, p30, p35, and p43, and mice polyclonal anti-h. hammondi serum were investigated. antigens of h. hammondi were recogni ... | 1998 | 9645881 |
| hammondia hammondi cysts in cell cultures. | in an attempt to obtain the continuous development of hammondia hammondi in vitro, culture of the parasite was performed in 3 cell lines. although organisms were present in culture fluids of feline kidney cells (crfk) for as long as 3 mo, continuous culture was not possible. however, for the first time, cysts of h. hammondi were observed in cell culture from day 6 after inoculation of sporozoites. ultrastructure of the h. hammondi cysts was similar to that observed for in vitro-obtained toxoplas ... | 1995 | 7472890 |
| besnoitia darlingi (apicomplexa, sarcocystidae, toxoplasmatinae): transmission between opossums and cats. | opossums (didelphis marsupialis), act as intermediate hosts for besnoitia darlingi and could be infected orally with sporozoites (oocysts) and bradyzoites (tissue cysts), or intraperitoneally (i.p.) with tachyzoites. infections could presumably be transmitted through cannibalism. cats (felis catus), the definitive host, could be infected only with bradyzoites but not sporozoites. oocysts shed by cats measure about 12 x 12 microns, resemble similarly sized oocysts of toxoplasma gondii and hammond ... | 1984 | 6439859 |
| a review of sarcocystis of domestic animals and of other coccidia of cats and dogs. | the nomenclature, life cycles, and pathogenicity of sarcocystis of domestic animals are reviewed. sarcocystis had a 2-host life cycle, with carnivores as definitive hosts and herbivores as intermediate hosts. the following species are found in domestic animals (with the definitive hosts given in parentheses): 3 species in the ox: s cruzi (dog, wolf, coyote, raccoon, fox), s hirsuta (cat), s hominis (man, monkey); 2 species in the sheep: s ovicanis (dog), s tenella (cat); 3 species in the pig: s ... | 1976 | 824260 |
| hammondia hammondi gen. nov., sp.nov., from domestic cats, a new coccidian related to toxoplasma and sarcocystis. | hammondia hammondi gen.nov.,sp.nov (eimeriorina:sarcocystidae) is described as an obligate heteroxenous protozoon of domestic cats (final host) and laboratory mice (experimental intermediate host). oocysts from the final host are infectious only for the intermediate host; and cysts from the intermediate host are infectious only for the final host. intracellular cysts develop principally in striated muscle of mice that ingest oocysts, with a few cysts in the brain and perhaps elsewhere. cysts are ... | 1975 | 807048 |
| the detection of hammondia hammondi in australia and the identification of a free-living intermediate host. | a cat fed commercially prepared cat food and free-living rats (rattus rattus and r. norvegicus) passed coccidian oocysts which were morphologically similar to toxoplasma gondii. mice dosed with these oocysts did not develop toxoplasmosis, but instead developed small, thin-walled parasitic cysts containing small bradyzoites in their striated muscles. these cysts measured 35 to 90 micron by 9 to 40 micron and they resembled cysts of hammondia hammondi. unlike t. gondii this coccidian parasite was ... | 1978 | 735301 |
| the authorship of hammondia hammondi. | | 1979 | 496490 |
| tazonomy of toxoplasma. | after reviewing reports of the hosts, structure and life cycle of toxoplasma, the genus is placed in the apicomplexan family eimeriidae and the folllowing 7 species are recognized: toxoplasma gondii (nicolle & manceaux) (type species) from about 200 species of mammals and birds, with oocysts in felids; toxoplasma alencari (da costa & pereira) from the frog leptodactylus ocellatus; toxoplasma brumpti coutelen from the iguana iguana tuberculata; toxoplasma colubri tibaldi from the snakes coluber m ... | 1977 | 325203 |