| the effect of lipopolysaccharide on bovine mammary macrophage function. | the effect of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) on the expression of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii molecules by bovine mammary macrophages was examined. the ability of lps-treated mammary macrophages to support antigen-specific t-cell proliferation, as a measure of their antigen presentation ability, was also evaluated. for this purpose, control and lps-treated macrophages were pulsed with heat-killed staphylococcus aureus and then cultured with s. aureus-sensitized t-c ... | 1991 | 1889031 |
| reaction rate and collisional efficiency of the rhodopsin-transducin system in intact retinal rods. | a model of transducin activation is constructed from its partial reactions (formation of metarhodopsin ii, association, and dissociation of the rhodopsin-transducin complex). the kinetic equations of the model are solved both numerically and, for small photoactivation, analytically. from data on the partial reactions in vitro, rate and activation energy profile of amplified transducin turnover are modeled and compared with measured light-scattering signals of transducin activation in intact reti ... | 1991 | 1901231 |
| synapsins contain o-linked n-acetylglucosamine. | the neuron-specific synaptic vesicle-associated phosphoproteins synapsin i and synapsin ii were shown to contain terminal n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) residues as determined by specific labeling with bovine galactosyltransferase and udp-[3h]galactose. the beta-elimination of galactosyltransferase radiolabeled synapsin i and subsequent analysis of released saccharide on high-voltage paper electrophoresis confirmed the presence of monosaccharidic glcnac moieties in o-linkage to the protein. partia ... | 1991 | 1901592 |
| selective ca2(+)-dependent interaction of calmodulin with the head domain of synapsin 1. | the calcium-dependent regulatory protein calmodulin is a critical element in the machinery regulating exocytosis at nerve terminals. okabe & sobue [(1987) febs lett. 213, 184-188] showed that calmodulin interacts with one of the proteins intimately connected with the neuronal exocytotic process, i.e. synapsin 1. we have investigated the site at which calmodulin interacts with synapsin 1. we find that it is possible to generate chemically cross-linked ca2(+)-dependent complexes between synapsin 1 ... | 1991 | 1902088 |
| antigenic homology among gram-negative organisms isolated from cattle with clinical mastitis. | this study examined the degree of serologic homology among mastitis pathogens. antibodies were raised against the rc mutant, escherichia coli o111:b4 (strain j5) and affinity purified against lipopolysaccharide derived from the ra mutant, salmonella typhimurium tv119. these antibodies reacted with a battery of unrelated gram-negative bacteria in whole cell elisa. bacteria with strong cross-reactions included a heterologous, smooth e. coli, salmonella dublin, s. typhimurium, salmonella newport, a ... | 1991 | 1907303 |
| amino acid sequence of nuclease s1 from aspergillus oryzae. | the amino acid sequence of nuclease s1, a nuclease which cleaves both single-stranded dna and rna, from aspergillus oryzae was determined. reduced and s-carboxymethylated or s-aminoethylated nuclease s1 was digested with achromobacter protease i, staphylococcus aureus v8 protease, or endoproteinase asp-n. peptides thus obtained were purified by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and sequenced, and the complete primary structure was established. nuclease s1 consists of a single ... | 1991 | 1939022 |
| a single clone of staphylococcus aureus causes the majority of cases of toxic shock syndrome. | genetic relationships among 315 isolates of the bacterium staphylococcus aureus expressing toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (tsst-1) recovered primarily from humans with toxic shock syndrome (tss) in five countries on two continents were determined by analyzing electrophoretically demonstrable allelic variation at 20 chromosomal enzyme loci. forty-nine distinctive electrophoretic types (ets), representing multilocus enzyme genotypes, were identified. cluster analysis of the ets revealed two major ph ... | 1990 | 1967495 |
| fibroblast adhesion to recombinant tropoelastin expressed as a protein a-fusion protein. | a bovine tropoelastin cdna encoding exons 15-36 that includes the elastin-receptor binding site was expressed in escherichia coli as a fusion protein with protein a from staphylococcus aureus. after isolation of the fusion protein by affinity chromatography on ig-sepharose, the tropoelastin domain was separated from plasmid-pr1t2t-encoded protein a (protein a') by cnbr cleavage. cell-adhesion assays demonstrated specific adhesion to the recombinant tropoelastin. furthermore, the data indicate th ... | 1991 | 1996952 |
| antibacterial activities in vitro and in vivo and pharmacokinetics of cefquinome (hr 111v), a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin. | cefquinome is a new injectable aminothiazolyl cephalosporin derivative. it is stable against chromosomally and plasmid-encoded beta-lactamases and has a broad antibacterial spectrum. staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and members of the family enterobacteriaceae (escherichia coli, salmonella spp., klebsiella spp., enterobacter spp., citrobacter spp., and serratia marcescens) are inhibited at low concentrations. cefquinome is also active against many strains of methicill ... | 1991 | 2014969 |
| quantitative and qualitative properties of host polymorphonuclear cells during experimentally induced staphylococcus aureus mastitis in cows. | polymorphonuclear cells have a critical role in the pathogenesis of bovine mastitis. we have documented that experimentally induced staphylococcus aureus mastitis is associated with cyclic increase and decrease in the quantity of viable bacteria shed in the milk. concomitant with this cycling of bacteria is an inverse cycling of the hosts cells within the milk. such somatic cells were determined to be greater than or equal to 95% polymorphonuclear cells. the quality of these cells was evaluated ... | 1991 | 2035925 |
| rapid and sensitive sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin b in cheese. | a rapid and sensitive screening sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin b (seb) in cheese by using a highly avid anti-seb antibody (ab) as the capture ab (cab) and as the biotinylated ab conjugate. the glutaraldehyde fixation method for the immobilization of cab on polystyrene dipsticks was superior to the adsorption fixation and the adsorption-glutaraldehyde fixation methods. the glutaraldehyde fixation method resulted in ... | 1991 | 2039234 |
| [1st isolation of strains of staphylococcus aureus producing toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 in food handlers in argentina]. | thirty nine milk handlers from a factory of dairy products in the province of buenos aires were examined for their nasal carriage of s. aureus strains capable of producing toxic-shock-syndrome toxin-1 (tsst-1). in addition, chance samples of handled foods, crude milk and milky fermented derivates (mfd) were studied. strain isolation was made on mannitol salt agar and on baird-parker agar. typical colonies were identified by their biochemical properties. cultures that were found to be s. aureus w ... | 1990 | 2102013 |
| the effect of interferon-gamma intramammary administration on mammary phagocyte function. | the effect of recombinant bovine interferon-gamma on intramammary phagocyte function of mammary gland was studied in 4 holstein cows (study 1) and 7 holstein cows (study 2). recombinant bovine interferon-gamma was intramammarily infused on day 6 of the dry period and phagocytes were collected from lacteal secretions and tested in vitro 24 hours later. results from study 1 indicate that phagocytosis of escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus was significantly increased after than before interf ... | 1990 | 2111962 |
| paxillin: a new vinculin-binding protein present in focal adhesions. | the 68-kd protein (paxillin) is a cytoskeletal component that localizes to the focal adhesions at the ends of actin stress fibers in chicken embryo fibroblasts. it is also present in the focal adhesions of madin-darby bovine kidney (mdbk) epithelial cells but is absent, like talin, from the cell-cell adherens junctions of these cells. paxillin purified from chicken gizzard smooth muscle migrates as a diffuse band on sds-page gels with a molecular mass of 65-70 kd. it is a protein of multiple iso ... | 1990 | 2118142 |
| [studies on acetylspiramycin. ii. biological activities of spiramycin components]. | acetylspiramycin (aspm) was fractionated using high performance liquid chromatography (hplc). the peak fractions were named f1 to f7 successively in order of increasing retention times (rt), i.e., increasing hydrophobicity, and studied for 1) antibacterial activities (mic), 2) antibacterial potency against bacillus subtilis atcc 6633, 3) therapeutic effect on mice infected with streptococcus pneumoniae iii, staphylococcus aureus smith, 4) acute toxicity by i.p. administration to mice (ld50) and ... | 1990 | 2124632 |
| [bacterial penetration of bovine dentinal tubules. 1]. | the penetration by bacteria through dentinal tubules was studied using a device that included portion of bovine anterior teeth. strains of 4 genera, streptococcus mutans, lactobacillus casei, staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli, were used for the experiment, and the effects of acid etching of dentin on the penetration of bacteria through the dentin was examined. the time required for penetration through dentinal tubules of acid-etched samples was shorter than that of unetched samples. the ... | 1990 | 2134917 |
| peptide analogs to a fibronectin receptor inhibit attachment of staphylococcus aureus to fibronectin-containing substrates. | binding of cells of staphylococcus aureus to fibronectin has been proposed as a mechanism of bacterial adhesion to host tissues. in this study, we have attempted to define the role of a recently identified fibronectin receptor in the adhesion of staphylococcal cells to fibronectin-containing substrates by using different receptor analogs as potential inhibitors of bacterial adherence. the results showed that synthetic peptides d1, d2, and d3, corresponding to variations of a repeated unit in the ... | 1990 | 2142481 |
| endothelial cells inhibit receptor-mediated superoxide anion production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes via a soluble inhibitor. | confluent monolayers of bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (bpae) or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huve) inhibited by 80 to 90% the production of o2- by added human neutrophils (pmns) stimulated by plasma membrane receptor-mediated activators (formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine [fmlp], opsonized zymosan, heat-killed staphylococci), but not by non-plasma membrane receptor-mediated activators (phorbol myristate acetate and delta-hexachlorocyclohexane). degranulation induced by fml ... | 1990 | 2155631 |
| identification of endothelin receptors by chemical cross-linking. | specific binding sites for human/porcine endothelin have been found in rat brain membrane preparations using an [125i]endothelin. the apparent kd value was 3 +/- 2 nm with a bmax value of 2,200 +/- 200 fmol/mg protein. chemical cross-linking of [125i]endothelin to rat brain membranes by using the cross-linking reagent disuccinimidyl suberate (dss) revealed two specific proteins of mr = 52,000 and mr = 30,000. the same results were obtained by photoaffinity labeling of [125i]azidoendothelin to ra ... | 1990 | 2156666 |
| the smooth muscle 132 kda cyclic gmp-dependent protein kinase substrate is not myosin light chain kinase or caldesmon. | atrial natriuretic peptide (anp) stimulates the phosphorylation of three cyclic gmp-dependent protein kinase substrate proteins of 225, 132, and 11 kda (p225, p132 and p11 respectively) in the particulate fraction of cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells [sarcevic, brookes, martin, kemp & robinson (1989) j. biol. chem. 264, 20648-20654]. vrolix, raeymaekers, wuytack, hofmann & casteels [(1988) biochem. j. 255, 855-863] have reported the presence of a 130 kda cyclic gmp-dependent protein kinase ... | 1990 | 2173564 |
| in vitro and in vivo evaluation of a 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate teat dip. | the activity of a 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate postmilking teat germicide in reducing the numbers of staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus agalactiae on the skin of excised teats from cows was determined. the product yielded logarithmic reductions of 4.09 and 4.10 against s aureus and str agalactiae, respectively, compared with 3.80 and 3.81 reductions, using a 1% iodophor dip. germicide tolerance to an organic load containing serratia marcescens or pseudomonas spp was also determined. organis ... | 1990 | 2179180 |
| sequestration of n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase in somatic cells during experimental bovine mastitis induced by endotoxin, staphylococcus aureus or streptococcus agalactiae. | experimental mastitis was induced in cows by intramammary infusion of endotoxin, staphylococcus aureus or streptococcus agalactiae. the inflammatory response was monitored by somatic cell counting and n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (nagase). nagase activity was analysed in fresh milk samples in parallel with samples treated by a cycle of freezing and thawing combined with detergent treatment to release the cell-bound nagase. before the udder reacted by inflammation, the total nagase activity co ... | 1990 | 2193331 |
| phagocytosis of mastitis isolates of staphylococcus aureus and expression of type 5 capsular polysaccharide are influenced by growth in the presence of milk. | phagocytosis by bovine polymorphonuclear granulocytes of seven capsular polysaccharide type 5 staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from mastitis [corrected] was investigated by means of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. bacteria were grown on four different agar media (brain heart infusion, columbia broth, modified staphylococcus medium 110, and skim milk) and were opsonized by normal bovine serum. when compared to growth on brain heart infusion agar, columbia agar, and modified staphylococ ... | 1990 | 2229349 |
| evaluation of a chlorous acid-chlorine dioxide teat dip under experimental and natural exposure conditions. | a postmilking teat dip containing chlorous acid-chlorine dioxide was evaluated by experimental challenge and in two herds under natural exposure. the test product had an efficacy of 78.9% against staphylococcus aureus and 52.5% against streptococcus agalactiae in the experimental challenge trial. the product was compared with a 1% iodine product in a 15-mo natural exposure study. post-dipping with chlorous acid-chlorine dioxide reduced incidence of udder infection by major mastitis pathogens 36. ... | 1990 | 2229601 |
| a new type of macrolide resistance in staphylococci from bovine subclinical mastitis. | staphylococcal (nine staphylococcus aureus and 14 coagulase negative) strains, isolated from subclinical bovine mastitis, showed three patterns of macrolide resistance: (i) macrolide-lincosamide constitutive resistance; (ii) macrolide generalised resistance; and (iii) lincosamide generalised resistance. the second pattern of resistance appeared to be a new resistance phenomenon. none of the strains showed dissociated or inducible resistance, neither was there any strain which could inactivate er ... | 1990 | 2236926 |
| detection of capsular polysaccharide in milk of cows with natural intramammary infection caused by staphylococcus aureus. | detection of capsular polysaccharide (cp) in milk of cows with natural intramammary infection caused by staphylococcus aureus was attempted. five quarters of 5 cows harboring s aureus strains that produce type-8 cp were selected. using an elisa with a monoclonal antibody, type-8 cp was not detected in extracts prepared from fresh milk collected aseptically. by contrast, cp was easily detectable after incubation of infected milk at 38 c for 20 hours. quantitation of cp in extracts from incubated ... | 1990 | 2240812 |
| fragment bb of bovine complement factor b: stimulatory effect on the microbicidal activity of bovine monocytes. | we have previously shown that the bb fragment of bovine complement factor b activates bovine monocytes and neutrophils. the activation was demonstrated by the enhanced uptake of 3h-deoxyglucose. to investigate the potential effect of fragment bb on the microbicidal activity of bovine monocytes, a direct method was used. this method involves an initial ingestion period at 37 degrees c followed by repeated washing. the decrease in the total number of viable intracellular staphylococcus aureus duri ... | 1990 | 2249174 |
| selective alteration of bovine neutrophil responses by recombinant bovine interleukin-1 beta. | the effects of recombinant bovine interleukin-1 beta (rbil-1 beta) upon in vitro bovine neutrophil functions were determined. exposure of peripheral blood neutrophils to various concentrations of rbil-1 beta induced dose dependent suppression of the phagocyte's ability to migrate under agarose. preincubation of neutrophils with rbil-1 beta did not influence their ability to ingest radiolabelled staphylococcus aureus nor did it induce hydrogen peroxide production or elastase release. however, pre ... | 1990 | 2251764 |
| modulation of resistance to mastitis pathogens by pretreatment of mice with t-2 toxin. | t-2 toxin, a secondary metabolite of fusarium species, is a mycotoxin with immunomodulatory activity. in the present investigation the effects of t-2 toxin on host resistance was studied. the virulence of escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus in the mammary glands of mice treated with t-2 toxin was compared with their virulence in control mice. virulence was estimated from the ability to induce various types of lesions and bacterial growth in the mammary gland. pretreatment of mice with a s ... | 1990 | 2276697 |
| [total hip prosthesis infected with salmonella dublin]. | in 1983, the bovine-specific salmonella dublin was demonstrated in man in denmark. the organism is frequently isolated from blood but rarely causes gastroenteritis. the frequency of infection following hip replacement is less than 2% with staphylococcus aureus as the commonest agent while gram-negative rods are rarer but are considered to be more serious. infection around a hip replacement frequently implies that the prosthesis must be removed. a case in which a hip replacement was infected with ... | 1990 | 2309373 |
| encapsulation of staphylococcus aureus isolates from mastitic milk: relationship between capsular polysaccharide types 5 and 8 and colony morphology in serum-soft agar, clumping factor, teichoic acid, and protein a. | a total of 193 staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine, caprine, and ovine mastitis producing type 5 or 8 capsular polysaccharides were investigated for colony morphology in serum-soft agar and agglutinability by an anti-teichoic acid serum, after cultivation in modified staphylococcus medium no. 110. also, 40 of these strains were cultivated in brain heart infusion and submitted to clumping factor and protein a detection tests. considering capsular serotyping as a reference method, diffuse g ... | 1990 | 2324272 |
| a staphylococcus aureus factor exclusively removes large proteoglycan monomers from explants of articular cartilage. | exposure of explants of viable, as well as freeze-thawed, bovine articular cartilage to culture filtrates of staphylococcus aureus increased the release of proteoglycans from the tissue significantly within 24 h. the s. aureus factor exclusively releases the large, 4 m guanidinium extractable proteoglycans from the matrix; the small proteoglycans are not affected by this factor. the large proteoglycans, released by staphylococcal culture filtrate, had a slightly smaller hydrodynamic volume compa ... | 1990 | 2348433 |
| mastitis control services and utilization of milk somatic cell count data by veterinarians in ohio. | a telephone survey was conducted of 50 randomly selected ohio-licensed veterinarians engaged in dairy practice. the survey's purpose was to determine the extent of mastitis control services offered by practitioners and to assess their utilization of milk somatic cell count (scc) data on individual cows available from the dairy herd improvement association (dhia). during the preceding year, 96% (48/50) of practitioners surveyed had performed bacteriologic culture of milk samples. practitioners we ... | 1990 | 2365619 |
| 9 alpha,11 beta-prostaglandin f2 formation in various bovine tissues. different isozymes of prostaglandin d2 11-ketoreductase, contribution of prostaglandin f synthetase and its cellular localization. | 9 alpha,11 beta-prostaglandin f2 was formed from prostaglandin d2 by its 11-ketoreductases in 100,000 x g supernatants of various bovine tissues in the presence of an nadph-generating system. the reductase activities were high in liver (51.09 nmol/h/mg of protein), lung (24.99), and spleen (14.20); moderate in heart and pancreas (3.09-3.61); weak in stomach, intestine, colon, kidney, uterus, adrenal gland, and thymus (0.11-2.63); and undetectable in brain, retina, carotid artery, and blood (less ... | 1990 | 2365709 |
| [efficacy of a modified formula dry cow preparation for dairy cattle containing 600 mg cloxacillin]. | the efficacy of a dry cow preparation containing 600 mg of cloxacillin in a modified formulation was investigated in 177 cows on 44 dutch dairy farms. the cure-rate of 43 quarters infected with the most common udder pathogenic streptococci (streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus uberis and streptococcus dysgalactiae) was 100%. the cure-rate of 146 quarters infected with staphylococcus aureus was 71.9%. the number of new infections during the dry period was low (3.4%). | 1990 | 2375025 |
| experimentally induced staphylococcus aureus mastitis in selenium-deficient and selenium-supplemented dairy cows. | ten holstein cows were fed a selenium-deficient (sed) diet containing 0.04 mg of se/kg of dry matter for 3 months before and throughout their first lactation. a selenium-supplemented (ses) group of 10 cows was fed an additional 2 mg of se/head/d to increase dietary se concentration of the dry matter to approximately 0.14 mg/kg of body weight. an intracisternal challenge exposure of 40 to 60 colony-forming units (cfu) of staphylococcus aureus was administered into 1 or 2 quarters of the udder of ... | 1990 | 2389887 |
| distribution of immunoglobulin-bearing leukocytes in bovine mammary tissue infected chronically with staphylococcus aureus. | mammary parenchymal and test end tissues from cows with chronic staphylococcus aureus mastitis were examined to determine the distribution of immunoglobulin (ig) g1- and igg2-bearing leukocytes. leukocytes bearing igg2 predominated in s. aureus infected quarters, with highest numbers observed at the furstenberg's rosette followed by streak canal and parenchymal tissue areas. significantly more igg1- and igg2-bearing leukocytes were observed at the furstenberg's rosette and significantly more igg ... | 1990 | 2402976 |
| comparison of the effect of antibiotic dry cow teat canal and intramammary dry cow therapy of dairy cows on the prevalence of teat canal and intramammary infections at calving. | the specific therapy of bacterial colonization of the teat canals of dried-off dairy cows by means of small amounts (33 mg/0.25 ml and 14 mg/0.1 ml) of a procain benzyl penicillin-dihydrostreptomycin sulphate combination has been investigated. of 36 teat canals treated with 0.25 ml antibiotic preparation each, 24 (66.6%) were infected at the beginning of the dry period, whereas at its termination only 7 (19.4%) showed bacteriologically positive swab cultures. by treating a further 43 quarters wi ... | 1985 | 2425091 |
| [cation-anion selectivity of staphylococcal channels in the lipid bilayer]. | it has been found that cation-anion selectivity of staphylotoxin channels in blm of different lipid composition is determined by summary charge of ionogenic groups of protein-channel-former exhibited to the water phase. interrelationship of staphylotoxin channel functioning is substantiated. | 1986 | 2428407 |
| release of proteins from the surface of bovine central nervous system myelin by salts and phospholipases. | incubation of bovine cns myelin with phospholipase c from bacillus cereus under conditions that lead to extensive phospholipid degradation caused 10% of the myelin protein to be released from the membrane. the myelin basic protein (mbp) was a major component of the dissolved protein. comparable incubations with phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens, phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c from staphylococcus aureus, or cabbage phospholipase d removed little mbp. however, concentrati ... | 1988 | 2448423 |
| modulation of igg subclass expression during antibody responses in sheep. | experiments were undertaken to investigate igg subclass expression during epitope-specific antibody responses in sheep. animals were immunised with conjugates of bovine serum albumin-dnp (bsa-dnp), or killed staphylococcus aureus-dnp (sa-dnp) alone or with muramyl dipeptide (mdp), dextran sulphate (dxs), or staphylococcal exotoxins (toxin). sheep received two injections of the same preparation intracutaneously at six weeks interval. total and igg subclass-specific anti-dnp, and anti-carrier (bsa ... | 1988 | 2463655 |
| mapping of neutralizing epitopes to fragments of the bovine coronavirus e2 protein by proteolysis of antigen-antibody complexes. | neutralizing antigenic domains on bovine coronavirus gp100/e2 were mapped to fragments of this protein by proteolytic cleavage and fragment analysis. the procedure involved analysis of fragments generated after incubation of e2-monoclonal antibody complexes with various proteases. the smallest antibody-bound fragments obtained were a 50k fragment following staphylococcus aureus v8 protease and submaxillary protease digestion, and a 37k fragment following trypsin digestion. trypsin also produced ... | 1989 | 2471794 |
| clinical trial of three therapeutic regimens for bovine mastitis. | an open, block randomised multi-centre clinical trial was performed in norway during 1985 to 1987 to compare the therapeutic efficacy of three antibiotic regimens against clinical bovine mastitis caused by penicillin-sensitive bacteria. two regimens consisted of procaine penicillin injected intramuscularly for either three or five days, and the third, the traditional norwegian regimen, consisted of one intramuscular injection of a combination of procaine penicillin and dihydrostreptomycin follow ... | 1989 | 2475961 |
| effects of recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on staphylococcus aureus mastitis in lactating dairy cows. | the in vivo effects of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on blood and milk leukocytes in dairy cows was examined. a 2-fold increase in peripheral white blood cell counts was observed by d 5 of treatment and peaked on d 12 with values 3-fold those of controls. counts remained elevated above pretreatment values during the treatment period, then returned to normal by d 23 of the trial. differential white blood cell counts demonstrated that neutrophils predominated (73.8%) in t ... | 1989 | 2483406 |
| phagocytosis of staphylococcus aureus by somatic cells in dry cow secretion of mammary gland. | independently of the stage of the dry period, phagocytosis and killing of staphylococcus aureus by somatic cells isolated from dry cow secretion were significantly higher in a medium of diluted secretion than in 1% serum and in pbs. intramammary introduction of vaccine from killed staphylococcus aureus cells caused, in the steady state dry period, the significant increase of phagocytic and bactericidal activity of somatic cells, examined in the medium of diluted secretion of the mammary gland. t ... | 1989 | 2484744 |
| amino terminus is essential to the structural integrity of recombinant human interferon-gamma. | species lacking either 8 or 10 residues at the amino terminus of recombinant human interferon-gamma (hu-ifn-gamma) were generated by limited digestion with staphylococcus aureus v8 protease. a crude digest, consisting predominantly of these species, were completely inactive in inducing antiviral activity and the expression of hla-dr antigens on hl-60 cells. the nh2-terminal deletion fragments were separated from residual intact ifn-gamma and from smaller polypeptides by reverse phase high perfor ... | 1989 | 2501300 |
| dopamine d1 receptors of the calf parathyroid gland: identification of a ligand binding subunit with lower apparent molecular weight but similar primary structure to neuronal d1-receptors. | the ligand binding subunit of the calf parathyroid d1 dopamine receptor was visualized by autoradiography following photoaffinity labeling with (+/-)-7-[125i]iodo-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-(4'-azidophenyl)-2,3,4,5- tetrahydro-1h-benzazepine ([125i]imab) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the protein comprising the d1 binding subunit migrated with an apparent mr approximately equal to 62,000. photoincorporation of [125i]imab into the mr approximately equal to 62,000 polypep ... | 1989 | 2531003 |
| inhibitors of protein phosphatase-1. inhibitor-1 of bovine adipose tissue and a dopamine- and camp-regulated phosphoprotein of bovine brain are identical. | protein phosphatase inhibitor-1 was purified from bovine adipose tissue. the protein had an apparent molecular mass of 32 kda by sds/page and a stokes' radius of 3.4 nm. it was phosphorylated by camp-dependent protein kinase on a threonyl residue; this phosphorylation was necessary for inhibition of protein phosphatase-1. bovine adipose tissue inhibitor-1 was compared directly with rabbit skeletal muscle inhibitor-1 and with a 32000-mr, dopamine- and camp-regulated phosphoprotein from bovine bra ... | 1989 | 2540000 |
| antimicrobial activity of clove oil dispersed in a concentrated sugar solution. | essential oil of clove, dispersed (0.4% v/v) in a concentrated sugar solution, had a marked germicidal effect against various bacteria and candida albicans. staphylococcus aureus (five strains), klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, clostridium perfringens, and escherichia coli inoculated at a level of 10(7) cfu/ml, and c. albicans (inoculum 4.0 x 10(5) cfu/ml) were killed (greater than 99.999%) after 2-7 min in a laboratory broth supplemented with 63% (v/w) of sugar, and containing 0.4 ... | 1989 | 2542213 |
| photoaffinity labeling of tubulin with (2-nitro-4-azidophenyl)deacetylcolchicine: direct evidence for two colchicine binding sites. | a new photoaffinity analogue of colchicine, (2-nitro-4-azidophenyl)deacetylcolchicine (napdac), bound to two classes of sites on bovine renal tubulin and photolabeled both the alpha- and beta-subunits. the apparent ki for the photoaffinity analogue was 1.40 +/- 0.17 microm (mean +/- sd, n = 3) as measured by competition with [3h] colchicine. values of the apparent kds for the two sites, as measured by the direct binding of the [3h]napdac to tubulin, were 0.48 +/- 0.11 microm and 11.6 +/- 3.5 mic ... | 1989 | 2605201 |
| glutaredoxin from rabbit bone marrow. purification, characterization, and amino acid sequence determined by tandem mass spectrometry. | a glutaredoxin was purified from rabbit bone marrow, and its amino acid sequence was determined by high performance tandem mass spectrometry. the sequences of peptides generated by digestion with trypsin alone or in combination with thermolysin were determined from their collision-induced dissociation (cid) mass spectra. alignment of these sequences and additional sequence information were obtained from the collision-induced dissociation mass spectra of peptides obtained from digestion of the in ... | 1989 | 2684977 |
| the effect of pre-enrichment on recovery of streptococcus agalactiae, staphylococcus aureus and mycoplasma from bovine milk. | the study was conducted to determine whether pre-enrichment would increase sensitivity of detecting streptococcus (str.) agalactiae, staphylococcus (s.) aureus, and mycoplasma in bovine milk. two procedures were followed, one involving direct inoculation of milk on bovine blood agar, and the other involving preenrichment in broth followed by inoculation on agar. logistic regression was used to predict the probability of isolation as a function of culture procedure and two additional covariates, ... | 1989 | 2691266 |
| in vivo effects of a thymosin alpha 1-containing colostral whey product on neutrophils and lymphocytes from lactating cows without and with experimentally induced staphylococcus aureus mastitis. | two separate experiments evaluated id-1 (a commercial bovine whey product containing 5200 pg of thymosin alpha 1/ml) as an immunotherapeutic agent in lactating cows. in the first experiment, cows without mastitis were evaluated for blood leukogram, milk production, total and differential milk cell counts, lymphocyte (lc) blastogenesis, and neutrophil (pmn) functions (random and directed migration under agarose, chemiluminescence, ingestion of bacteria, iodination, cytochrome c reduction, antibod ... | 1989 | 2705295 |
| [bacteriological findings in samples of milk from cows studied for the causative agent of mastitis]. | milk samples (483,413 on the whole), collected from 237,026 cows, were investigated in the state veterinary institute at pardubice in the period from 1983 to 1987. in the individual years, the proportion of cows whose milk contained the mastitis-inducing bacteria ranged from 18.0 to 24.8%, the average being 21.0%. streptococcus agalactiae was identified most frequently as the causative agent of mastitis in the examined cows (6.4%); then followed streptococcus dysgalactiae (3.7%), staphylococcus ... | 1989 | 2728263 |
| isolation and characterization of folded fragments released by staphylococcal aureus proteinase from the non-histone chromosomal protein hmg-1. | hmg-1 was isolated from newborn calf thymus without exposure to overt denaturing conditions. the purified protein was digested under several solvent conditions with the proteinase (endoproteinase gluc) from staphylococcus aureus strain v8. we found that the preferred site of attack by the enzyme on hmg-1 was influenced markedly by ionic strength and temperature. in 0.35 m nacl/50 mm tris-phosphate (ph 7.8) at 37 degrees c, cleavage near the junction between the a and b domains is predominant, as ... | 1989 | 2736255 |
| hen oviduct n alpha-acetyltransferase is a ribonucleoprotein having 7 s rna. | hen oviduct n alpha-acetyltransferase was clarified to have a nucleic acid as an existing constituent by the following three results: (i) an ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the purified n alpha-acetyltransferase free of s-acetyl coenzyme a (ac-coa) had an absorption maximum at 260 nm. (ii) a nucleic acid band stained with ethidium bromide was detected on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. (iii) an ethidium bromide band co-migrated with a fluorescent band of the protein ... | 1989 | 2753910 |
| field survey of clinical mastitis in low somatic cell count herds. | nine commercial dairy herds, each with low herd milk somatic cell counts, were monitored for 1 yr to determine prevalence of intramammary infections and rates of clinical mastitis. staphylococcus species was the bacterial group most frequently isolated from quarters at calving and at drying off. environmental streptococci and coliform intramammary infections totaled less than 6% of quarters at both calving and at drying off. staphylococcus aureus were isolated from less than 1% of quarters and s ... | 1989 | 2760314 |
| effects of nisin on growth of bacteria attached to meat. | nisin had an inhibitory effect on gram-positive bacteria (listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, and streptococcus lactis) but did not have an inhibitory effect on gram-negative bacteria (serratia marcescens, salmonella typhimurium, and pseudomonas aeruginosa) attached to meat. nisin delayed bacterial growth on meats which were artificially inoculated with l. monocytogenes or staphylococcus aureus for at least 1 day at room temperature. if the incubation temperature was 5 degrees c, grow ... | 1989 | 2764559 |
| purification, composition, and activity of two bactenecins, antibacterial peptides of bovine neutrophils. | extracts of granules of bovine neutrophils are known to exhibit a marked antibacterial activity in vitro. by a simple, two-step chromatographic procedure, we have resolved two peptide components of the antibacterial system. they were named bac-5 and bac-7 from the general term bactenecin and had molecular masses of about 5 and 7 kilodaltons, respectively. over 45 and 20% of the amino acid residues in the two bactenecins are proline and arginine, respectively. the remaining amino acids are mainly ... | 1989 | 2777377 |
| amino acid sequence of porcine cardiac muscle troponin c. | troponin c is the ca2+-receptive protein located on the thin filament of striated and cardiac muscle. we have determined the amino acid sequence of troponin c obtained from porcine cardiac muscle by sequencing and aligning the lysyl endopeptidase and staphylococcus aureus v-8 protease peptides. it was composed of 161 amino acid residues with a blocked n-terminus. the sequence of porcine cardiac troponin c was identical with that of bovine cardiac troponin c. | 1989 | 2777752 |
| [study of hemolytic staphylococci in slaughtering animals]. | haemolysis as the sole criterion of the pathogenicity of staphylococci detected on bacteriological examination of slaughtered animals should be reconsidered. | 1989 | 2799790 |
| non-oxidative antibacterial activity of bovine neutrophil granule proteins towards mastitis pathogens. | acid extracts of bovine neutrophil granules displayed potent antibacterial activity towards a number of mastitis pathogens in vitro. killing of pathogens by acid extractable granule protein was dependent on incubation time, protein concentration, bacterial cell load, ph and ionic strength. gram-negative and gram-positive organisms showed variable sensitivity to granule extract. strains of staphylococcus aureus were the most resistant of tested organisms to granule extract. gram-negative organism ... | 1989 | 2816175 |
| adipose tissue protein phosphatase inhibitor-2. | rat fat cells contain three species of spontaneously active inhibitor proteins of protein phosphatase 1, as resolved by sds-page, with apparent molecular masses of 40 kda, and 28 kda respectively. the 33-kda, thermostable inhibitor was highly purified from bovine adipose tissue and shown to be very similar to inhibitor-2 of skeletal muscle. it was phosphorylated, on threonine only, by glycogen synthase kinase 3. it formed an inactivated complex with protein phosphatase 1, that was reactivated by ... | 1988 | 2828048 |
| mapping of the nucleotide-binding sites in the adp/atp carrier of beef heart mitochondria by photolabeling with 2-azido[alpha-32p]adenosine diphosphate. | 2-azido[alpha-32p]adenosine diphosphate (2-azido[alpha-32p]adp) has been used to photolabel the adp/atp carrier in beef heart mitochondria. in reversible binding assays carried out in the dark, this photoprobe was found to inhibit adp/atp transport in beef heart mitochondria and to bind to two types of specific sites of the adp/atp carrier characterized by high-affinity binding (kd = 20 microm) and low-affinity binding (kd = 400 microm). in contrast, it was unable to bind to specific carrier sit ... | 1988 | 2844252 |
| cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity in bovine brain coated vesicles. | cyclic amp phosphodiesterase activity in bovine brain coated vesicles displayed a km of approximately 22 microm for cyclic amp, a vmax of 3.2 nmol/min/mg protein, and a hill coefficient of 1.5, suggesting positive cooperativity. the enzyme activity was stimulated by cyclic gmp with maximal indexes of stimulation ranging between 40 and 300%. both basal and stimulated phosphodiesterase activities were immunotitrated with polyclonal antibodies against clathrin attached to heat-inactivated, formalde ... | 1986 | 2869110 |
| identification of amino acid residues photolabeled with 2-azido[alpha-32p]adenosine diphosphate in the beta subunit of beef heart mitochondrial f1-atpase. | when beef heart mitochondrial f1-atpase is photoirradiated in the presence of 2-azido[alpha-32p]adenosine diphosphate, the beta subunit of the enzyme is preferentially photolabeled [dalbon, p., boulay, f., & vignais, p. v. (1985) febs lett. 180, 212-218]. the site of photolabeling of the beta subunit has been explored. after cyanogen bromide cleavage of the photolabeled beta subunit, only the peptide fragment extending from gln-293 to met-358 was found to be labeled. this peptide was isolated an ... | 1986 | 2875732 |
| selective binding of l-thyroxine by myosin light chain kinase. | l-thyroxine selectively inhibited ca2+-calmodulin-activated myosin light chain kinases (mlc kinase) purified from rabbit skeletal muscle, chicken gizzard smooth muscle, bovine thyroid gland, and human platelet with similar ki values (ki = 2.5 microm). a detailed analysis of l-thyroxine inhibition of smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase activation was undertaken in order to determine the effect of l-thyroxine on the stoichiometries of ca2+, calmodulin, and the enzyme in the activation process. ... | 1989 | 2909527 |
| complete assignment of neurophysin disulfides indicates pairing in two separate domains. | the pairing of the 14 half-cystine residues of bovine neurophysin was established by sequential proteolytic digestion. purified released peptides and the residual disulfide-linked core were monitored at each step by use of amino acid analysis, gas-phase sequencing, and mass spectrometry. the approach included application of gas-phase sequencing to assign disulfide pairs in peptides containing multiple disulfides. the results demonstrate that neurophysin disulfides are paired in two distinct doma ... | 1989 | 2911588 |
| evaluation of an anti-inflammatory factor derived from hyperimmunized cows. | an anti-inflammatory factor isolated from milk of hyperimmunized cows was analyzed in vitro and in vivo. macrophages collected from lacteal secretions of a unimmunized nonlactating cow showed increased ability to kill phagocytosed staphylococcus aureus when incubated with the anti-inflammatory factor. mice injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg of anti-inflammatory factor demonstrated an increased ld50 to s. aureus when challenged intraperitoneally. injected mice also demonstrated significantl ... | 1989 | 2911611 |
| pathology of staphylococcus aureus mastitis during lactogenesis: relationships with bovine mammary structure and function. | pathological alterations of mammary parenchymal tissue from 5 dairy cows with staphylococcus aureus mastitis were studied. tissue from infected quarters exhibited less synthetic and secretory ability during lactogenesis, as indicated by lower percentages of luminal area, but higher percentages of stromal area compared with control tissue. ultrastructural analysis of alveolar epithelium demonstrated decreased numbers of organelles associated with milk synthesis and secretion. mammary secretion fr ... | 1989 | 2925949 |
| flotation of mastitis pathogens with cream from subclinically infected quarters. prospects for developing a cream-rising test for detecting mastitis caused by major mastitis pathogens. | bacterial isolates, originating from 36 subclinically infected quarter milk samples, were labelled with 75se and checked for cream-rising at various temperatures in a system analogous to the abr test ("abortus bang ringprobe"; the cream-rising test based on stained brucella organisms for detection of brucellosis). diagnostic specificity and sensitivity were analyzed in experiments where labelled bacterial isolates were mixed with a number of quarter milk samples with known bacteriological status ... | 1989 | 2929195 |
| encapsulation and capsular types in isolates of staphylococcus aureus from different sources and relationship to phage types. | the relationship of capsular types of staphylococcus aureus to type of infection, carrier state, and phage type was studied in a collection of 477 isolates from 380 infection sites. capsular polysaccharides were demonstrated by precipitation and agglutination with 11 monospecific antisera. when only one isolate from each infection was considered, 63% were of type 8 and 16% were of type 5. of all the isolates tested, over 90% were encapsulated. we did not demonstrate any marked difference in the ... | 1985 | 2932464 |
| binding of chicken, bovine, and rabbit immunoglobulins by avian, bovine, and human strains of staphylococcus aureus. | sixty-six strains of staphylococcus aureus of avian, bovine, and human origin were tested for their ability to bind chicken, bovine, and rabbit immunoglobulin g (igg). a microtitration plate hemagglutination assay and a direct-tube enzyme immunoassay were used to determine qualitative differences. twice as many chicken and bovine s. aureus isolates than human strains reacted positively to chicken igg. mean binding values of chicken igg were also twice as high for chicken and bovine s. aureus iso ... | 1986 | 2942849 |
| phage typing of staphylococcus aureus associated with subclinical bovine mastitis. | six hundred and seventeen isolates of staphylococcus aureus from subclinical clinical mastitis cases in 63 dairy herds in northern ireland were typed using a set of 25 phages. ninety-four per cent of the isolates were typable, with nine phages, predominantly from groups i and iii, being responsible for almost all of the lysis. although 68 phage patterns were found, six of them typed 47.2% of the isolates. one strain accounted for 14.7% of the isolates, but the largest number of strains (44) was ... | 1987 | 2950151 |
| isolation and characterization of two beta-type cardiac myosin in the canine atrium. | recently, we demonstrated that more beta-type myosin heavy chain (hc) was expressed in the overloaded atrium, and that there were 2 structurally different beta-type myosin heavy chains in the bovine heart. to determine the existence of the 2 beta-type hc in other animals and to clarify the characteristics of these beta-type hcs, we produced tricuspid regurgitation and pulmonary stenosis in the canine heart, and performed an immunological study using 3 monoclonal antibodies, 2 beta-type specific ... | 1988 | 2974892 |
| studies on cytochrome c oxidase, xi. the amino-acid sequence of bovine heart polypeptide vic. | the complete primary structure of the cytoplasmically synthesized polypeptide vic from beef heart cytochrome c oxidase was determined via isolation and sequencing of overlapping methionine and glutamic acid fragments. the protein consists of 73 amino acids (mr 8 480). through the protein contains, from residues 21 to 40, a hydrophobic sequence interrupted by one lysine it may not penetrate the membrane. a sequence of 33 amino acids highly homologous to the c-terminal part of vic has been transla ... | 1985 | 2988583 |
| variations in binding of mammalian fibrinogens to streptococci groups a, b, c, e, g and to staphylococcus aureus. | twenty-eight beta-hemolytic streptococci of groups a, b, e, g and streptococcus equisimilis as well as four staphylococcus aureus strains were tested for their ability to bind fibrinogen preparations from different animal species: homo, baboon, rabbit, rat, guinea-pig, dog, horse, pig, cow and sheep. the patterns of binding indicated differences in the structures of the bacterial fibrinogen receptors. there were higher binding levels in streptococci groups a, g, and s. equisimilis than in repres ... | 1985 | 2990156 |
| isolation of components of brucella abortus responsible for inhibition of function in bovine neutrophils. | the effects of fractions of brucella abortus strain 2308 on functions of bovine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmns) were examined in vitro. ingestion of staphylococcus aureus and reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium dye by bovine pmns were not inhibited by heat-killed b. abortus. the ability of pmns to iodinate proteins was significantly inhibited by live or heat-killed b. abortus and supernatant from heat-killed cells but not by washed heat-killed cells. two inhibitory components isolated from t ... | 1985 | 2995513 |
| amino acid sequence of up1, an hnrnp-derived single-stranded nucleic acid binding protein from calf thymus. | the up1 single-stranded nucleic acid binding protein from calf thymus (herrick, g. & alberts, b.m. (1976) j. biol. chem. 251, 2124-2132) has recently been shown to be a proteolytic fragment derived from the a1 heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnrnp) (pandolfo et al. (1985) nucleic acids res. 13, 6577-6590). the nh2-terminus of the 22,162 dalton up1 protein appears to be blocked, which suggests that up1 represents the nh2-terminal two thirds of this 32,000 dalton hnrnp protein. the comple ... | 1987 | 3032834 |
| complete amino acid sequence of the collagenase from the insect hypoderma lineatum. | the primary structure of the hypoderma lineatum collagenase was determined. chymotrypsin digestion and thermolysin fragmentation of the chymotryptic core gave 30 and 5 peptides, respectively, accounting for all the residues of the protein. these peptides were aligned with overlapping peptides derived from tryptic and staphylococcus aureus v8 proteinase digests. hypoderma collagenase is a serine proteinase composed of 230 amino acids (mr 25,223). it displays a high degree of sequential homology w ... | 1987 | 3034899 |
| effect of ph changes on the killing of staphylococcus aureus and other mastitis pathogens by bovine neutrophil granule extracts. | a partly purified extract of granules from bovine neutrophils was used to investigate killing of mastitis pathogens by the non-oxidative killing system of the neutrophil. eight strains of staphylococcus aureus, two of escherichia coli and two of streptococcus uberis were used. different strains of bacteria had different sensitivities to killing by the extract, three strains of staphylococci being particularly resistant. whereas e coli were killed most effectively at ph 6.0, little or no killing ... | 1988 | 3043603 |
| [determination of rate constants for the antigen-antibody reaction. kinetic characteristics of interaction of soluble and corpuscular antigen with specific antibodies]. | using the previously developed procedure, the rate and equilibrium constants for the interaction of antibodies with soluble or corpuscular antigens were determined. cow milk casein was used as a soluble antigen, while heat-inactivated staphylococcus aureus cells--as a corpuscular antigen. the values of kinetic constants for the above reactions are close to those for various antigen--antibody pairs obtained by other investigators. | 1988 | 3052596 |
| [clinical and bacteriologic studies of the frequency of mastitis during and after parturition in heifers lactating for the first time]. | the udders of 100 heifers were examined for clinical changes during parturition. of each quarter colostral samples were taken and analyzed bacteriologically. 35 heifers (13.5% of the quarters) showed clinical changes of the quarters and/or of colostral samples. 14 of these animals (4.75% of the quarters) suffered from cellulitis-like mastitis. 13 (5.25% of the quarters) had acute catarrhalic mastitis and eight heifers (3.5% of the quarters) showed acute galactophoritis. in all milk samples of an ... | 1988 | 3055422 |
| characteristics of staphylococci isolated from man, poultry and some other animals. | of 281 strains of staphylococci isolated from man and animals 36 (12.8%) were coagulase-positive and 245 (87.2%) were coagulase-negative. staphylococcus aureus and staph. intermedius were the commonest coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from the hosts examined. of the 20 strains that remained unclassifiable, 14 were isolated from sheep and goats. | 1986 | 3084438 |
| topical antibiotic treatment of impetigo with mupirocin. | because the effectiveness of topical antimicrobials in the treatment of ecthyma, impetigo, and pyoderma is not well established, the us food and drug administration has recently proposed guidelines for tests of topical antimicrobial efficacy in primary skin infections. the guidelines require both comparison with the agent's base and microbiologic documentation of efficacy. these guidelines were followed in this double-blind, eight-day evaluation of impetigo/ecthyma treated with mupirocin, a new ... | 1986 | 3096221 |
| [quality characterization of several bolognas in mexico. i. chemical and microbiologic evaluation]. | the state of sonora, is one of the main producers of beer, cattle and pork in méxico. in the work herein reported, it was determined that the total processed meat consumption in sonora was 403.69 ton/month. the main product was bologna which for this reason, was the basis of our study. chemical and microbiological evaluations of the commercial brands of bologna, purchased in local markets, were performed, including analysis for determinations of protein, ash, nitrites, phosphates and benzoic aci ... | 1988 | 3154074 |
| primary structure of a non-secretory ribonuclease from bovine kidney. | the primary structure of a non-secretory ribonuclease from bovine kidney (rnase k2) was determined. the sequence determined was vpkgltkarwfeiqhiqprllqcnkamsgv nnytqhckpentflhnvfqdvtavcdmpniickngrhnchqspkpvnltqcnfiagrypdc ryhddaqykffivacdppqktdppyhlvpvhldkyf. the sequence homology with human non-secretory rnase, bovine pancreatic rnase, and human secretory rnase are 46, 34.6, and 32.3%, respectively. the bovine kidney rnase has two inserted sequences, a tripeptide at the n-terminus and a heptapep ... | 1988 | 3182769 |
| evaluation of various antibiotics for induction of l forms from staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitis. | forty-five strains of staphylococcus aureus were treated with 11 antibiotics and tested for induction to l forms. thirty-seven strains were induced to l forms with at least one antibiotic, while eight strains produced no l forms under the conditions used. l forms were induced only with beta-lactam antibiotics and with a combination of penicillin and streptomycin. novobiocin induced no true l forms but induced intermediate forms from seven strains. strains resistant to penicillin yielded l forms ... | 1988 | 3183003 |
| the amino-acid sequence of rabbit cu-zn superoxide dismutase. | the primary structure of cu-zn superoxide dismutase from rabbit liver was investigated. the reduced and s-carboxymethylated enzyme was treated with cyanogen bromide, trypsin or staphylococcus aureus proteinase v8. the resulting peptides were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography and sequenced by automated edman degradation. with the exception of the n- and c-terminus the complete sequence was established by means of overlapping peptides. the n-terminus is blocked and thus not susce ... | 1988 | 3214553 |
| oxygen concentration in milk of healthy and mastitic cows and implications of low oxygen tension for the killing of staphylococcus aureus by bovine neutrophils. | the partial pressure of o2 in milk from normal cows and from cows with mastitis was measured and the concentrations of o2 calculated. oxygen levels of milk from normal cows were similar to those in venous plasma, but inflammation of the mammary gland led to a dramatic drop in o2 concentration to less than 10% of control values. intracellular survival of staphylococcus aureus strain m60 in bovine neutrophils was greater under anaerobic than aerobic conditions. the implications of low o2 concentra ... | 1988 | 3235718 |
| functional activity of neutrophils from bovine mammary glands infected with staphylococcus aureus. | to test the effect of staphylococcus aureus infection on mammary neutrophil function, intramammary neutrophils from s. aureus-infected quarters (n = 8), from adjacent uninfected quarters (n = 8) of s. aureus-infected cows, and from quarters (n = 8) of uninfected cows were collected and incubated with s. aureus in vitro. mean percent neutrophils phagocytizing, number s. aureus per neutrophil, and log10 viable phagocytized s. aureus/ml were: 53.2, 6.4, and 4.72. differences in function of neutroph ... | 1988 | 3235741 |
| effects of staphylococcus aureus mastitis on bovine mammary gland plasma cell populations and immunoglobin concentrations in milk. | bovine mammary tissue and milk samples were examined to determine effects of chronic staphylococcus aureus mastitis on the humoral immune response. parenchymal and teat end tissues from lactating bovine mammary glands were stained immunohistochemically to determine distribution of immunoglobulin (ig) g1-, igg2-, iga-, and igm-producing plasma cells. numbers of all ig-producing plasma cells tended to be higher in tissues from s. aureus infected quarters compared with controls, but most difference ... | 1988 | 3238921 |
| the effect of a staphylococcal cell wall factor on the early inflammatory response to staphylococcal infection of the lactating bovine udder. | the effect on the early inflammatory response in the bovine mammary gland of a factor extracted from the cell wall of staphylococcus aureus was studied. the insoluble factor was extracted from a 3h-culture, and was mixed with s. aureus from an overnight culture (of) for experimental infection of a lactating quarter. other quarters were infected with a 3h or an overnight culture (o). five cows were used in the experiment. the o-quarters showed more severe clinical signs than seen in the 3h-and of ... | 1988 | 3260485 |
| the growth of compact and diffuse variants of staphylococcus aureus in bovine mastitic and normal whey. | strains of staphylococcus aureus producing either diffuse or compact colonies in serum-soft agar were grown in bovine normal and mastitic whey. bacterial growth was followed by automated turbidometry. compact strains multiplied faster and to higher final numbers in mastitic whey than diffuse strains, whereas diffuse strains grew to higher numbers in normal whey. nutrients (hemolysed bovine blood, bovine serum, proteose-peptone) were added to normal whey to enhance bacterial growth as in mastitic ... | 1988 | 3264046 |
| effects of source and washing of erythrocytes on growth of bacterial pathogens from the bovine mammary gland. | effects of source and washing of rbc on quantitative growth and hemolytic zone sizes of common bacterial pathogens of the bovine mammary gland were evaluated. blood samples used to prepare the blood agar media were obtained from 10 adult dairy cows, 10 dairy calves, and 10 sheep. hemolytic zone sizes produced by staphylococcus aureus were significantly (p less than 0.01) larger on blood agar prepared with washed rbc than on blood agar prepared with nonwashed rbc, regardless of rbc source. with t ... | 1988 | 3279872 |
| in vitro depression of bovine lymphocyte function by treatment of cultured bovine lymphocytes with physiologic concentrations of hydrocortisone. | the effect of hydrocortisone (hydrocortisone sodium succinate) on bovine lymphocyte blastogenesis in response to staphylococcus aureus antigens and phytohemagglutinin was measured in vitro. lymphocytes isolated from the blood of cows were treated for 6 to 8 days with physiologic hydrocortisone concentrations known to be inducible by environmental stress (10 ng/ml), acute clinical mastitis (25 ng/ml), or adrenocorticotropin treatment (45 ng/ml). all 3 concentrations of hydrocortisone caused a dep ... | 1988 | 3400921 |
| use of latex teat dip with germicide during the prepartum period. | the efficacy of an acrylic latex barrier teat dip with germicide on new infections at parturition was tested on 113 cows and heifers during the prepartum period. a split udder design was used in which right quarters were undipped controls and left quarters were dipped with latex dip once daily for approximately 14 d prior to parturition. distal streak canal swabs were taken from all quarters prior to the beginning of dipping, and all cows were quarter sampled in duplicate at drying off, parturit ... | 1988 | 3410997 |
| degradation of elastin by a cysteine proteinase from staphylococcus aureus. | staphylococcus aureus is known to produce three very active extracellular proteinases. one of these enzymes, a cysteine proteinase, after purification to homogeneity was found to degrade insoluble bovine lung elastin at a rate comparable to human neutrophil elastase. this enzyme had no detectable activity against a range of synthetic substrates normally utilized by elastase, chymotrypsin, or trypsin-like proteinases. however, it did hydrolyze the synthetic substrate carbobenzoxy-phenylalanyl-leu ... | 1988 | 3422637 |
| reinfection of bovine mammary glands following dry-cow antibiotic therapy. | dry-cow antibiotic therapy (dct) was administered to quarters with staphylococcus aureus or streptococcal infections and the quarters were closely monitored for the presence of new or reactivated mammary infections throughout the dry period and the following lactation. strains of s. aureus were characterized using a selection of biotyping tests to allow a comparison of s. aureus strains isolated before and after dct. cows with 3-4 quarters infected prior to dct had a high susceptibility to reinf ... | 1987 | 3433653 |
| widespread occurrence of "87 kda," a major specific substrate for protein kinase c. | an 87-kda phosphoprotein, identified previously as a major, specific substrate for ca2+/phospholipid/diacylglycerol-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase c) in broken cell preparations from rat brain, has been characterized with respect to its species, tissue, and subcellular distribution. a similar protein was present in monkey, human, mouse, and bovine brain and in torpedo californica electric organ. the protein was also identified in a variety of nonneuronal rat and bovine tissues. the rat ... | 1986 | 3458242 |