| enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli: a new problem, an old group of organisms. | all mammals are colonised by escherichia coli generally at birth and these organisms become part of their intestinal flora for the rest of their lives. new types are acquired generally by an oral route. some e coli are pathogenic and some may have a far more enhanced ability to colonise the human intestine than most others. recently enterohaemorrhagic e coli have emerged. they can cause a number of intestinal illnesses in humans including bloody diarrhoea and haemolytic uraemic syndrome. these o ... | 1996 | 8660186 |
| inhibition of nad+ glycohydrolase and adp-ribosyl cyclase activities of leukocyte cell surface antigen cd38 by gangliosides. | we have recently reported that gangliosides act as inhibitors of adp-ribosyltransferases and nad+ glycohydrolases (nadase) of pertussis toxin and the c3 exoenzyme from clostridium botulinum (hara-yokoyama, m., hirabayashi, y., irie, f., syuto, b., moriishi, k., sugiya, h., and furuyama, s. (1995) j. biol. chem. 270, 8115-8121). here, we investigated the effect of gangliosides on the enzymatic activity of leukocyte cell surface antigen cd38, which is identified as an ecto-nadase (kontani, k., nis ... | 1996 | 8662799 |
| identification of topoisomerase i as the cytotoxic target of the protoberberine alkaloid coralyne. | protoberberine alkaloids (coralyne and its derivatives), which exhibit antileukemic activity in animal models, have been shown to be potent inducers of topoisomerase (topo) i-dna cleavable complexes using purified recombinant human dna topo i. different from the structurally similar benzophenanthridine alkaloid nitidine (a dual poison of both topos i and ii), coralyne and its derivatives have marginal poisoning activity against dna topo ii. yeast cells expressing human dna topo i are shown to be ... | 1996 | 8665516 |
| the delta- and epsilon-subunits of bovine f1-atpase interact to form a heterodimeric subcomplex. | the delta-subunit of bovine f1-atpase was expressed from a bacterial vector at fairly high level in escherichia coli, but the yield of bovine epsilon-subunit was rather low under similar conditions. however, co-expression of the proteins from a dicistronic operon delta-epsilon in the same expression vector, produced both of them in good yield in a soluble form in the bacterial cytoplasm, and by chromatography it was found that the delta- and epsilon-subunits were associated in a stable complex. ... | 1996 | 8670087 |
| alpha-tocopherol concentrations in milk and plasma during clinical escherichia coli mastitis. | eighteen cows were challenged by intramammary infusion with escherichia coli 727 to determine the effects of acute clinical mastitis on alpha-tocopherol concentrations in plasma and milk. cows were fed diets supplemented with 1000 iu of vitamin e/d from calving through the experimental period. at challenge, geometric mean dim was 33 d. each mammary quarter was diagnosed with an imi and clinical mastitis at 24 and 48 h after challenge. the alpha-tocopherol concentrations in milk from challenged q ... | 1996 | 8675784 |
| native complex formation between apolipoprotein e isoforms and the alzheimer's disease peptide a beta. | to explore whether the genetic linkage between apolipoprotein e (apoe) alleles and susceptibility to alzheimer's disease might be attributable to a direct molecular interaction between apoe and the amyloid peptide a beta, we have produced apoe variants in escherichia coli and studied their interactions with a beta under native conditions. when incubated with a beta at 20-40 microm concentrations, all three isoforms of apoe (2, 3, and 4) readily form complexes with a beta which can be isolated by ... | 1996 | 8679539 |
| gabexate mesilate, a synthetic protease inhibitor, attenuates endotoxin-induced pulmonary vascular injury by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor production by monocytes. | in order to determine whether gabexate mesilate, a synthetic protease inhibitor with anticoagulant properties, is useful for the treatment of adult respiratory distress syndrome, we examined its effect on endotoxin-induced pulmonary vascular injury in rats. | 1996 | 8681572 |
| quantification of staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli in the liquid medium by fluorimetry and its use in phagocytosis assay. | a fluorimetric technique was compared with the plate counting method for quantification of viable cells of staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli in the liquid medium. the fluorimetric assay measures the release of fluorogenic 4-methylumbelliferone (4-mu) from 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate by the bacterial phosphatases. the increase in fluorescence was dependent on the size of bacterial inocula. setting the fluorescence threshold at the middle of the logarithmic growth phase resulted in goo ... | 1996 | 8698658 |
| rapid physicochemical detachment, separation and concentration of bacteria from beef surfaces. | a simple, rapid, physicochemical treatment for the removal of viable bacteria from the surface of raw and cooked beef is described. the detachment method was linked to a differential centrifugation step which removed large amounts of particulate food matter and concentrated the detached bacteria. the method increased the numbers of bacteria released from beef surfaces and increased the numbers detected by at least one and a half orders of magnitude, when compared to the traditional 'stomaching' ... | 1996 | 8698669 |
| s-nitrosoglutathione is cleaved by the thioredoxin system with liberation of glutathione and redox regulating nitric oxide. | in activated human neutrophils a burst of nitric oxide (no) converts intracellular gsh to s-nitrosoglutathione (gsno) which is subsequently cleaved to restore gsh by an unknown mechanism. we discovered that gsno is an nadph oxidizing substrate for human or calf thymus thioredoxin reductase (tr) with an apparent km value of 60 microm and a kcat of 0.6 x s-1. addition of human thioredoxin (trx) stimulated the initial nadph oxidation rate severalfold but was accompanied by progressive inactivation ... | 1996 | 8702596 |
| membrane topography and near-neighbor relationships of the mitochondrial atp synthase subunits e, f, and g. | the well characterized subunits of the bovine atp synthase complex are the alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon subunits of the catalytic sector, f1; the atpase inhibitor protein; and subunits a, b, c, and d, oscp (oligomycin sensitivity-conferring protein), f6, and a6l, which are present in the membrane sector, f0, and the 45-a-long stalk that connects f1 to f0. it has been shown recently that bovine atp synthase preparations also contain three small polypeptides, designated e, f, and g, with ... | 1996 | 8702768 |
| inhibitor probes of the quinone binding sites of mammalian complex ii and escherichia coli fumarate reductase. | the structural and catalytic properties of beef heart succinate dehydrogenase (succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, complex ii) and escherichia coli fumarate reductase are remarkably similar. one exception is that whereas electron exchange between the mammalian enzyme and its quinone pool is inhibited by thenoyltrifluoroacetone and carboxanilides, the enzyme from e. coli is not sensitive to these inhibitors. the lack of good inhibitors has seriously hampered the elucidation of the mechanism of q ... | 1996 | 8702865 |
| cloning and expression of human mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase cdna. | mammalian mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase (dgk) is responsible for phosphorylation of purine deoxyribonucleosides in the mitochondrial matrix. using a rt-pcr-generated probe, based on amino acid sequence information from proteolytic fragments of purified bovine dgk, we have cloned a cdna from a human brain cdna library that encodes a 30 kda protein. the deduced amino acid sequence of this protein included the sequence of all six peptides isolated and sequenced from purified dgk. expression a ... | 1996 | 8706825 |
| effects of freezing on the viability of nine pathogens from quarters with subclinical mastitis. | milk samples from 45 quarters containing mastitis pathogens were collected from lactating cows to determine the viability of those pathogens after freezing. an initial bacteria count was conducted, and samples were divided into 2-ml portions and frozen. weekly bacteria counts were conducted for 6 wk. viability after freezing was determined on five isolates of nine bacterial species: staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus hyicus, staphylococcus chromogenes, staphylococcus xylosus, streptococcus ag ... | 1996 | 8708092 |
| [enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 infection]. | escherichia coli o157:h7 differs from previously described diarrheagenic e. coli classes (enteropathogenic, enteroinvasive, enterotoxigenic) by distinct clinical symptoms, production of verotoxin (vt) and a specific plasmid. cattle are the primary reservoirs of e. coli o157:h7. the organism may be transmitted through the consumption of contaminated foods (mainly of bovine origin) and by person-to-person contact. the most typical clinical manifestations of e. coli o157:h7 infection are hemorrhagi ... | 1996 | 8710429 |
| intramammary defense against infections induced by escherichia coli in cows. | to examine escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) effects on expression of cd14 and cd18 cell surface receptors and lectin/carbohydrate-mediated nonopsonic phagocytosis of e coli. | 1996 | 8712510 |
| efficacy of florfenicol for treatment of clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis. | to evaluate efficacy of florfenicol treatment for bovine mastitis caused by streptococcus agalactiae, staphylococcus aureus nonagalactiae streptococci, coagulase-negative staphylococci, escherichia coli, klebsiella sp, and others. | 1996 | 8712519 |
| biochemical and immunological identification and enrichment of poly(a) polymerase from human thymus. | human thymus poly(a) polymerase (ec 2.7.7.19) activity has been investigated using poly(a) and oligo(a) as initiators. all obtained fractions reveal more than one polypeptide as detected by immunoblotting after sds-page. in addition to the homogeneously purified (tsiapalis et al., j biol chem 250: 4486-4496, 1975 and wahle, j biol chem 266: 3131-3139, 1991), about 60 kda polypeptide, a larger polypeptide, about 80 kda, that comigrates in the region of poly(a) polymerase activity was detected, en ... | 1996 | 8717411 |
| epidemiological characteristics of bovine clinical mastitis caused by staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli studied by dna fingerprinting. | to study the epidemiology of clinical mastitis caused by escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus by differentiating isolates with dna fingerprinting techniques, using polymerase chain reaction. | 1996 | 8720235 |
| chemosensory responses of acanthamoeba castellanii: visual analysis of random movement and responses to chemical signals. | a visual assay slide chamber was used in conjunction with time-lapse videomicroscopy to analyze chemotactic behavior of axenically grown acanthamoeba castellanii. data were collected and analyzed as vector scatter diagrams and cell tracks. amebas responded to a variety of bacterial products or potential bacterial products by moving actively toward the attractant. responses to the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fmlp), lipopolysaccharide, and lipid a were statistically ... | 1996 | 8720945 |
| sensitization of bacteria to danofloxacin by temperate prophages. | danofloxacin (cp-76,136) is in a class of agents that inhibit dna gyrase and trigger induction of the sos response and temperate bacteriophages. killing studies against the bovine pathogen pasteurella haemolytica demonstrated that danofloxacin exhibits particularly rapid killing kinetics. here, lysogenic escherichia coli bearing lambda is found to be more sensitive to danofloxacin than nonlysogenic e. coli. danofloxacin exposure also induced a prophage in p. haemolytica. the potency of danofloxa ... | 1996 | 8726041 |
| bacterial lipopolysaccharide-stimulated nitric oxide generation is unrelated to concurrent cytotoxicity of bovine alveolar macrophages. | nitric oxide (no) is a reactive metabolite produced by stimulated macrophages, and it has been demonstrated to exert cytotoxic actions on a number of microbes, parasites, and tumor cells. in addition, no has been reported to have an autotoxic effect on murine macrophages, its site of synthesis. we have investigated the relationship of no generation to cytotoxicity of bovine alveolar macrophages (am) in vitro, and have also assessed the effects of several modulators of cellular function on this r ... | 1996 | 8728020 |
| antimicrobial resistance of escherichia coli isolates from the faecal flora of veterinarians with different professional specialties. | the prevalence of antibiotic resistant escherichia coli isolates from faecal samples from 110 veterinarians with different specialties (predominantly working with cattle, swine, poultry, or small animals or working as a non-practitioner, e.g. in government or industry) was investigated. in 22% and 13% of the veterinarians e. coli isolates showed a high level of resistance to oxytetracycline and ampicillin respectively. a significantly higher percentage of cattle practitioners had a high level of ... | 1995 | 8751277 |
| characterization of a novel hemagglutinin of diarrhea-associated escherichia coli that has characteristics of diffusely adhering e. coli and enteroaggregative e. coli. | escherichia coli 73-1 (serotype o73:h33) and 5-2 (serotype o89:h-) isolated from patients with diarrhea adhered to tissue culture cells (hela and hep-2) as well as coverslips (plastic and glass) in a diffuse pattern. adherence of strain 73-1 was mediated by a 110-kbp plasmid designated peda1 and correlated with d-mannose-resistant hemagglutinin (mrha) detected with bovine, sheep, or human erythrocytes. the mrha region was duplicated on peda1 and mediated the production of the 57-kda outer membra ... | 1996 | 8751919 |
| structure and importance of the dimerization domain in elongation factor ts from thermus thermophilus. | elongation factor ts (ef-ts) functions as a nucleotide-exchange factor by binding elongation factor tu (ef-tu) and accelerating the gdp dissociation from ef-tu; thus ef-ts promotes the transition of ef-tu from the inactive gdp form to the active gtp form. thermus thermophilus ef-ts exists as a stable dimer in solution which binds two molecules of ef-tu to form a (ef-tu.ef-ts)2 heterotetramer. here we report the crystal structure of the dimerization domain of ef-ts from t. thermophilus refined to ... | 1996 | 8756682 |
| escherichia coli hemolysin mutants with altered target cell specificity. | in order to understand the functional significance of hlyc-dependent acylation of the escherichia coli hemolysin structural protein (hlya), random as well as site-directed substitutions at the known regions of modification, i.e., those at lysine residues at amino acid positions 563 and 689 (hlyak563 and hlyak689, respectively), were isolated. sixteen random hlya mutations were identified on the basis of a screen for loss of immunoreactivity to the hemolysin-neutralizing d12 monoclonal antibody t ... | 1996 | 8757837 |
| apolipoprotein e is highly susceptible to oxidation by myeloperoxidase, an enzyme present in the brain. | apolipoprotein e, the most common apolipoprotein found in the brain, is linked to several pathologies like alzheimer's disease. apolipoprotein e directly binds to beta-amyloid with a strong affinity. myeloperoxidase, a protein secreted by neutrophils and involved in the inflammatory process, is also present in the brain. in vitro myeloperoxidase oxidation of recombinant human apolipoprotein e leads to fragmentation of the protein with low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and polymerization wi ... | 1996 | 8762192 |
| isolation and characterization of recombinant human apolipoprotein c-ii expressed in escherichia coli. | a full-length recombinant human apolipoprotein c-ii (apoc-ii) has been successfully expressed in escherichia coli using the t7 expression system. the recombinant apoc-ii. which was expressed intracellularly in the inclusion bodies, was solubilized with 8 m urea and purified using sephadex g-75 gel permeation chromatography. four liters of the bacterial culture yielded 16-20 mg of purified recombinant apoc-ii. sequencing and mass spectrometric analyses indicated that the isolated recombinant apoc ... | 1996 | 8765143 |
| partitioning of proteins in dextran/hydrophobically modified dextran aqueous two-phase systems. | partitioning of proteins was studied in aqueous two-phase systems composed of the polymers dextran and hydrophobically modified dextran. the modified dextrans were benzoyl dextran with a degree of substitution of 0.17 and valeryl dextran with a degree of substitution of 0.20. phase diagrams for the systems of dextran/benzoyl dextran and dextran/valeryl dextran were determined at room temperature. the proteins studied were beta-galactosidase, bovine serum albumin, beta-lactoglobulin, lysozyme, my ... | 1995 | 8767927 |
| escherichia coli expression and substrate specificities of canine cytochrome p450 3a12 and rabbit cytochrome p450 3a6. | high level escherichia coli expression of cytochromes p450 3a12 and 3a6 has facilitated the characterization of proteins which exhibit limited activity as purified hepatic enzymes in reconstituted systems. three 3a12 and two 3a6 constructs modified at the 5'-end to encode the bovine 17 alpha-sequence (barnes et al., proc. natl. acad. sci. u.s.a. 88: 5597-5601, 1991), or related sequences, exhibited expression levels ranging from 2 to 89 nmol of cytochrome p450 liter-1. recombinant canine 3a12 ca ... | 1996 | 8768753 |
| downregulation of endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase expression by lipopolysaccharide. | lipopolysaccharide (lps), a causal agent of sepsis, has been shown to induce systemic nitric oxide (no) synthesis through complex mechanisms. however, the effect of lps on endothelial cells is incompletely understood. to investigate the mechanism by which lps influences the release of no from endothelial cells, the effect of this compound on endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase (ecnos) was studied in cultured bovine coronary venular endothelial cells. western and northern analyses show ... | 1996 | 8769085 |
| fate of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 in bovine feces. | dairy cattle have been identified as a principal reservoir of escherichia coli o157:h7. the fate of this pathogen in bovine feces at 5, 22, and 37 degrees c was determined. two levels of inocula (10(3) and 10(5) cfu/g) of a mixture of five nalidixic acid-resistant e. coli o157:h7 strains were used. e. coli o157:h7 survived at 37 degrees c for 42 and 49 days with low and high inocula, respectively, and at 22 degrees c for 49 and 56 days with low and high inocula, respectively. fecal samples at bo ... | 1996 | 8779595 |
| epidemiology & management of persistent diarrhoea in children of developing countries. | diarrhoea that begins acutely but lasts longer than two weeks is defined to be persistent. revised estimates in developing countries including india showed that acute diarrhoea accounts for 35 per cent, dysentery 20 per cent and non-dysenteric persistent diarrhoea (pd) for 45 per cent of total diarrhoeal deaths. pd also often changes marginal malnutrition to more severe forms. factors that increase the risk of acute diarrhoea becoming persistent have been identified in india and other developing ... | 1996 | 8783512 |
| alanine point-mutations in the reactive region of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor: effects on the kinetics and thermodynamics of binding to beta-trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin. | in an effort to relate structural, kinetic, and thermodynamic features in a model macromolecular recognition process, the amino acid residues in the reactive surface of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (bpti) and surrounding residues were substituted individually by alanine, and the effects of the point-mutations on the kinetics and thermodynamics of inhibition by bpti toward trypsin and chymotrypsin were investigated. fifteen alanine mutants were produced. the majority of the bpti mutants ex ... | 1996 | 8784199 |
| escherichia coli o157:h7 in microbial flora of sheep. | we found naturally occurring, potentially virulent escherichia coli o157:h7 strains in sheep. the incidence of e. coli o157:h7 was transient and ranged from 31% of sheep in june to none in november. the use of a sensitive culture technique and the choice of the proper sampling season were both essential for detecting this bacterium in sheep. dna hybridizations showed that 80% of the e. coli o157:h7 isolates had at least two of the shiga-like toxin types i or ii or the attaching-effacing lesion g ... | 1996 | 8789031 |
| in vitro binding of type 1-fimbriated escherichia coli to uroplakins ia and ib: relation to urinary tract infections. | urinary tract infections, caused mainly by escherichia coli, are among the most common infectious diseases. most isolates of the uropathogenic e.coli can express type 1 and p fimbriae containing adhesins that recognize cell receptors. while p fimbriae recognize kidney glycolipid receptors and are involved in peyelonephritis, the urothelial for type 1 fimbriae were not identified. we show that type 1-fimbriated e. coli recognize uroplakins ia and ib, two major glycoproteins of urothelial apical p ... | 1996 | 8790381 |
| effect of a whey protein concentrate used as a colostrum substitute or supplement on calf immunity, weight gain, and health. | the efficacy of a whey protein concentrate was evaluated as a colostrum substitute or supplement in two experiments using four groups of 29 calves. in experiment 1, calves were fed either 2 l of pooled colostrum (group 1) or 500 g of whey protein concentrate (group 2). a mean total of 123.6 and 17.7 g of ig was fed to calves in groups 1 and 2, respectively. mean serum igg, total protein, and globulin concentrations and ig antibody activities to escherichia coli k99 and rotavirus were significant ... | 1996 | 8792287 |
| membrane sectors of f- and v-type h+-transporting atpases. | h+ transporting, reversible f-type atpases (atp synthases) and v-type atpases share major structural features and function by similar mechanisms. recent structural and genetic experiments provide new insights into the organization of the transmembrane and coupling sectors of the enzymes and the molecular mechanics of coupling h+ transport to atp. | 1996 | 8794160 |
| cloning and characterization of a xylanase gene from corn strains of erwinia chrysanthemi. | the gene encoding a 42-kda endoxylanase was cloned from erwinia chrysanthemi strain d1. sequencing of this gene, called xyna, showed that it encoded a primary protein product of 413 amino acids with an unusual and long (31 amino acid) leader peptide that was cleaved during secretion to the bacterial periplasm. this protein is distinct from xylanases in glycohydrolase families 10 and 11 and, instead, appears to be intermediate between families 5 and 30. the xyna gene is located downstream from a ... | 1996 | 8810080 |
| identification of histone h2a.x as a growth factor secreted by an androgen-independent subline of mouse mammary carcinoma cells. | shionogi carcinoma 115 (sc 115) cells and chiba subline 2 (cs 2) cells are clones of an androgen-responsive mouse tumor cell line and its autonomous subline, respectively. we have shown previously that cs 2 cells produce a heparin-binding growth factor that stimulates the growth of sc 115 cells as well as the growth of themselves. in this study, a growth factor was purified from serum-free conditioned media of cs 2 cells cultured without testosterone. a heparin-binding fraction showed growth- pr ... | 1996 | 8810267 |
| molecular epidemiology of escherichia coli o157:h7 by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and comparison with that by bacteriophage typing. | one hundred twenty-four escherichia coli o157:h7 isolates were characterized by pulse-field gel electrophoresis, bacteriophage typing, and pcr of verotoxin genes. diversity indices obtained--0.786 for phage types and 0.987 for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types--demonstrated that phage typing falls below the critical value (0.9) required for confident interpretation of results. | 1996 | 8815116 |
| naturally occurring acute coliform mastitis in holstein cattle. | physical examination and clinicopathologic findings from 44 adult holstein cows with naturally occurring coliform mastitis were studied. the cattle were grouped for comparison by stage of lactation and survival. cattle within the first 4 weeks of lactation maintained higher median mature neutrophil counts (1,200 versus 300/microl) in peripheral blood than cattle later in lactation. nonsurviving cows had higher median creatinine concentration (2.5 versus 1.6 mg/dl) and anion gap (25 versus 20 meq ... | 1996 | 8819051 |
| effects of amino acid substitutions in the hydrophobic core of alpha-lactalbumin on the stability of the molten globule state. | five mutant alpha-lactalbumins, with one or two amino acid substitution(s) in the b helix, were engineered to examine the relation between the stability of the molten globule state and the hydrophobicity of these amino acids. the mutation sites (thr29, ala30 and thr33) have been chosen on the basis of comparison of the amino acid sequences of goat, bovine and gunea pig alpha-lactalbumin, in which the guinea pig protein shows a remarkably more stable molten globule than the other proteins. the re ... | 1995 | 8819981 |
| seeding of a beta fibril formation is inhibited by all three isotypes of apolipoprotein e. | apolipoprotein e is immunochemically localized to amyloid plaque in alzheimer's brains, and the allelic distribution of apoe in individuals is associated with a disposition toward alzheimer's disease. we show here that all three apoe isotypes exhibit a strong and specific ability to inhibit both nucleation and seeding of fibril formation by the a beta peptide in vitro. a beta (1-40) depleted of aggregates requires long incubation times before the onset of fibril formation, but addition of very l ... | 1996 | 8823200 |
| lactoferrin or a fragment thereof inhibits the endotoxin-induced interleukin-6 response in human monocytic cells. | human milk is in several ways anti-inflammatory. this study investigates whether or not human milk lactoferrin (lf) in comparison with bovine lf can affect the il-6 release from human cells. human, as well as bovine, lf and a bactericidal pepsin-derived fragment of bovine lf (lactoferricin b) were found to suppress the il-6 response in a monocytic cell line (thp-1) when stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (lps). the suppression of bovine lf was similar to or higher than that of human lf. lactoferri ... | 1996 | 8827774 |
| metabolic, endocrine and haematological responses to intravenous e. coli endotoxin administration in 1-week-old calves. | responses to i.v. injected e. coli endotoxin (e), followed by saline infusion, as compared with saline infusion alone, were studied for 24 h in 1-week-old calves. after administration of e, respiratory rate (rr), heart rate (hr), rectal temperature (rt), serum iron, insulin, (i), cortisol and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, transiently, and urea, continuously, increased. isoleucine and leucine became elevated at 24 h, whereas white-blood-cell number, free fatty acids (ffa) and triglycerides (tg) in ... | 1994 | 8831269 |
| effect of vaccination with an escherichia coli bacterin-toxoid on milk production in dairy cattle. | to determine whether vaccination of lactating cattle with an escherichia coli j5 bacterin-toxoid would produce a significant short-term change in milk production. | 1996 | 8837654 |
| a cluster of escherichia coli o157:h7 infections with the hemolytic-uremic syndrome and death in california. a mandate for improved surveillance. | in mid-january 1993, an outbreak of escherichia coli o157:h7 infections associated with eating hamburger patties at a fast-food restaurant chain (chain a) was reported in washington state. from mid-december to mid-january, 9 cases of e coli o157:h7-associated bloody diarrhea and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome had been reported in san diego county, california. a total of 34 persons had bloody diarrhea, the hemolytic-uremic syndrome, or e coli o157:h7 organisms isolated from stool during the period ... | 1996 | 8855679 |
| molecular cloning of the cdna of mouse mitochondrial nadp-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase and the expression of the gene during lymphocyte activation. | the current report documents the molecular cloning of the mouse mitochondrial nadp-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (mnadp-idh) cdna. the cdna was 1,863 bp in length and contained one open reading frame encoding a 523-residue polypeptide with a predicted molecular weight of 58 kda. the cdna and the deduced amino acid (aa) sequence of the mouse mnadp-idh had a high degree of homology with those of porcine, bovine, alfalfa, and yeast. the recombinant mnadp-idh expressed in escherichia coli had a ... | 1996 | 8867815 |
| genetic and immunological analyses of a 38 kda surface-exposed lipoprotein of pasteurella haemolytica a1. | pasteurella haemolytica serotype a1 is the bacterial pathogen most frequently isolated from the lungs of cattle with bovine respiratory disease. as part of a study to characterize p. haemolytica antigens which are important in eliciting resistance to pneumonic pasteurellosis, we have cloned and sequenced the gene encoding a 38 kda lipoprotein, lpp38. the deduced amino acid sequence of lpp38 is similar to those of the escherichia coli polyamine transport proteins potd (70%) and potf (33%). p. hae ... | 1996 | 8870194 |
| prevalence and characteristics of escherichia coli serotype o157:h7 and other verotoxin-producing e. coli in healthy cattle. | from february to july of 1994, 328 faecal samples from 32 herds were collected and verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) found on 84% of the farms. the proportion of animals infected varied from 0-63%. vtec were recovered from 52 (20%) of 257 cows and from 16 (23%) of 71 calves. although the vtec belonged to 25 different serogroups, 7 (o8, o20, o22, o77, o113, o126 and o162) accounted for 46% of strains. nearly 45% of the strains. nearly 45% of the 83 bovine vtec strains belonged to serogr ... | 1996 | 8870622 |
| structure and function in rhodopsin: expression of functional mammalian opsin in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae has been investigated for expression of mammalian opsin as an alternative to the currently used expression in cos-1 mammalian cells. the synthetic opsin gene was placed under the control of the inducible promoter gal1 in the multicopy yeast/ escherichia coli shuttle vector yeprf1. transformation of a gal+ s. cerevisiae strain with the vector and growth of galactose-induced cultures to saturation showed the production of 2.0 +/- 0.5 mg of opsin from about 10(10) ... | 1996 | 8876161 |
| emerging foodborne pathogens: escherichia coli o157:h7 as a model of entry of a new pathogen into the food supply of the developed world. | there would appear to be little argument that the large outbreaks of e. coli o157:h7 which have occurred since the early 1980s represent a distinct, new phenomenon. the number of reported cases have increased dramatically, starting from zero in 1981; however, it is also clear that this increase in reported cases is in part an artifact of improved surveillance and reporting. available data suggest that e. coli o157:h7 infections were present prior to 1982, although numbers appear to have been sma ... | 1996 | 8877329 |
| expression of carbohydrate-binding protein p33/41 in human tumor cell lines. | we previously reported a new type of lectin, p33/41 (annexin iv), which was isolated from a bovine tissue extract [kojima, k. et al. (1992) j. biol. chem. 267, 20536-20539]. when the expression of p33/41 (annexin iv) was surveyed in the lysates of 39 human tumor cell lines by sds-page, followed by western blot analysis with polyclonal anti-bovine p33/41 and monoclonal anti-annexin iv (z016, zymed) antibodies, 21 cell lines were found to be reactive with the polyclonal antibody, whereas all 39 ce ... | 1996 | 8882729 |
| incidence of clinical mastitis in a random sample of dairy herds in the southern netherlands. | the incidence of clinical mastitis and distribution of pathogens in dairy cows was estimated in 171 randomly selected dairy herds in the southern netherlands. a total of 1103 quarter cases were reported. the average annual incidence rate was 12.7 quarter cases per 100 cows per year. the most frequent isolates from clinical cases were escherichia coli (16.9 per cent), staphylococcus aureus (14.4 per cent), streptococcus uberis (11.9 per cent) and streptococcus dysgalactiae (8.9 per cent). most ca ... | 1996 | 8883335 |
| synthesis, processing, and oligomerization of bovine herpesvirus 1 ge and gi membrane proteins. | this study reports the identification and initial characterization of the precursors, modified forms, and oligomers of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) gi and ge proteins with polyvalent rabbit serum specific for gi or ge. our experiments used the colorado strain of bhv-1 and mutant viruses with insertions of the escherichia coli lacz gene into the predicted ge and gi reading frames. we also translated the ge and gi open reading frames in vitro and expressed them in uninfected cells using eukaryotic ... | 1996 | 8892910 |
| detection of enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 in minced beef using immunomagnetic separation. | enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) o157:h7 has been recently recognized as a human pathogen associated with haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uraemic syndrome. most outbreaks of haemorrhagic colitis resulted from the consumption of undercooked minced beef or raw milk. dairy cattle have been identified as a reservoir of ehec o157: h7. in this study e. coli o157 specific antibody, coated on magnetic beads, was used to concentrate and release ehec o157:h7 from meat samples. a survey of re ... | 1996 | 8897418 |
| in vitro renaturation of bovine beta-lactoglobulin a leads to a biologically active but incompletely refolded state. | when bovine beta-lactoglobulin (beta-lg) was refolded after extensive denaturation in 4.8 m guanidine hydrochloride (guhcl), the functional activity of the protein, retinol binding, as measured by the enhancement of this ligand's fluorescence, was completely recovered. in contrast, the room-temperature tryptophan phosphorescence lifetime of the refolded protein, a local measure of the residue environment, was approximately 10 ms, significantly shorter than the phosphorescence lifetime of the unt ... | 1996 | 8897609 |
| osteopontin n-terminal domain contains a cryptic adhesive sequence recognized by alpha9beta1 integrin. | osteopontin is an adhesive glycoprotein implicated in numerous diseases associated with inflammation and remodeling. there are several structural domains in osteopontin that are of particular interest. the rgd motif is a cell attachment sequence shown to be critical for cell adhesion through alphav-containing integrins. in close proximity to the rgd domain is the thrombin cleavage site. previous observations suggest that thrombin cleavage of osteopontin occurs in vivo and may be physiologically ... | 1996 | 8910476 |
| bacterial growth, inflammatory cytokine production, and neutrophil recruitment during coliform mastitis in cows within ten days after calving, compared with cows at midlactation. | to define causes of increased susceptibility to coliform mastitis after parturition. | 1996 | 8915431 |
| structure-biological activity relationships of 11-residue highly basic peptide segment of bovine lactoferrin. | the antimicrobial peptide, lactoferricin, is generated upon the gastric pepsin cleavage of lactoferrin and has many basic and hydrophobic amino acid residues essential for its biological activity. to investigate the structure-antimicrobial activity relationships, the basic amino acid-rich region of bovine lactoferricin (blfc), rrwqwrmkklg, was selected. using chemically synthesized blfc and its substituted peptides, the antimicrobial activities of the peptides were tested by determining the mini ... | 1996 | 8919056 |
| a pcr-based assay for the detection of escherichia coli shiga-like toxin genes in ground beef. | a detection system based on the pcr has been developed for escherichia coli strains which harbor the shiga-like toxin genes. this quantitative detection system involves the 5'-->3' nuclease activity of thermus aquaticus dna polymerase, which cleaves an internal oligonucleotide probe that has been labeled with both a fluorescent reporter dye (6-carboxy-fluorescein [fam]) and a quencher dye (6-carboxytetramethyl-rhodamine [tamra]). parameters which affected the performance of the assay included pr ... | 1996 | 8919796 |
| the restriction-modification system of pasteurella haemolytica is a member of a new family of type i enzymes. | genes encoding the type i restriction-modification (r-m) system of the bovine pathogen, pasteurella haemolytica, have been identified immediately downstream of a locus that encodes a transcriptional activator of p. haemolytica leukotoxin expression. type i enzymes are encoded by three genes called hsdm, hsds and hsdr, and have fallen into three groups, called ia, ib and ic. hsds provides a sequence recognition function which in concert with hsdm forms an active methyltransferase (mtase). inclusi ... | 1996 | 8921897 |
| equilibrium constants for nonspecific binding of proteins to dna may be obtained by quantitative zonal dna affinity chromatography. | quantitative zonal dna affinity chromatography may be used to determine accurate equilibrium constants for the binding of proteins nonspecifically to dna. zonal quantitative affinity chromatography has not previously been applied to the determination of binding constants of proteins to dna, although its use is quite commonplace for determination of affinity constants for protein-protein or protein-small ligand interactions. equilibrium constants were measured for the nonspecific binding of bovin ... | 1996 | 8937566 |
| cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase activities from human and rat liver are modulated in vitro posttranslationally by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation. | purified cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylases (c7alphah) from human and rat liver microsomes, and from transformed escherichia coli expression systems, were incubated with 0.3 mmol/l [gamma-32p] adenosine triphosphate (atp) in the presence and absence of bacterial alkaline phosphatase (ap) or rabbit muscle adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (camp)-dependent protein kinase. the amounts of 32p incorporation after separation of human and rat c7alphah proteins by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide g ... | 1996 | 8938182 |
| binding of an n-terminal rhodanese peptide to dnaj and to ribosomes. | a peptide corresponding to the n-terminal 17 amino acids of bovine rhodanese was fluorescently labeled with a coumarin derivative at its primary amino group(s) and then purified by high performance liquid chromatography. this peptide interacted with the molecular chaperone dnaj in the absence of other chaperones and atp. in the presence of atp, the molecular chaperone dnak bound to the dnaj-peptide complex, but not to the peptide alone. the chaperone grpe appeared to cause the release of the pep ... | 1996 | 8940114 |
| rapid and specific detection of f17-related pilin and adhesin genes in diarrheic and septicemic escherichia coli strains by multiplex pcr. | the f17-related adhesins are prevalent in escherichia coli strains isolated from calves with diarrhea or septicemia and from lambs with nephropathy. the f17 family includes the f17a, f17b, f17c, and f111 fimbriae produced by bovine e. coli strains and the g agglutinin produced by human uropathogenic e. coli strains. an easy and inexpensive multiplex pcr method was developed to detect all the f17-related fimbriae and to identify four subtypes of structural subunit genes and two distinct subfamili ... | 1996 | 8940423 |
| replication protein-a mediates the association of calf thymus dna polymerase alpha-dna primase complex with guanine-rich dna sequence. | we have shown that calf thymus dna polymerase alpha-dna primase complex (pol alpha-primase) preferentially binds to pyrimidine-rich sequences and initiates rna primer synthesis [suzuki, m. et al. (1993) biochemistry 32, 12782-12792]. here we tested the association of pol alpha-primase with a guanine-rich dna fragment (svg, 30-mer) containing in vivo initiation sites of simian virus 40 dna replication. while pyrimidine-rich fragment (ctpps 1, 30-mer), that is a preferred sequence for calf thymus ... | 1996 | 8947839 |
| human endothelial nitric oxide synthase: expression in escherichia coli, coexpression with calmodulin, and characterization. | human endothelial nitric oxide synthase (enos) has been cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the spectroscopic properties and specific activity (100-130 nmol x min(-1) x mg(-1) at 37 degrees c) of the recombinant protein are similar to those of the bovine enzyme. fplc and low-temperature sds-page indicate that the protein is mostly dimeric in both the absence and presence of tetrahydrobiopterin. human enos thus has a higher tendency to dimerize than the bovine enzyme. a chloramphenicol-resi ... | 1996 | 8951046 |
| interpretive criteria for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of ceftiofur against bacteria associated with swine respiratory disease. | ceftiofur, an extended-spectrum cephalosporin, is active against a variety of animal pathogens, including organisms associated with swine respiratory disease. however, minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) breakpoint and disk diffusion interpretive criteria have not been established for swine pathogens. susceptibility tests were performed by broth microdilution mic and disk diffusion methods on 246 bacterial species that cause swine respiratory disease. ceftiofur was active against salmonella s ... | 1996 | 8953533 |
| rnas mediating cotranslational insertion of selenocysteine in eukaryotic selenoproteins. | selenocysteine, a selenium-containing analog of cysteine, is found in the prokaryotic and eukaryotic kingdoms in active sites of enzymes involved in oxidation-reduction reactions. its biosynthesis and cotranslational insertion into selenoproteins is performed by an outstanding mechanism, implying the participation of several gene products. the trna(sec) is one of these. in eukaryotes, its transcription mode by rna polymerase iii differs from that of classical trna genes, both at the level of the ... | 1996 | 8955902 |
| the atpase inhibitor protein from bovine heart mitochondria: the minimal inhibitory sequence. | the mitochondrial atpase inhibitor subunit is a basic protein of 84 amino acids that helps to regulate the activity of f1f0-atpase. in order to obtain structural information on the mechanism of inhibition, the bovine inhibitor subunit has been expressed in escherichia coli and purified in high yield. the recombinant protein has a similar inhibitory activity to the inhibitor subunit isolated from bovine mitochondria. progressive n-terminal and c-terminal deletion mutants of the inhibitor subunit ... | 1996 | 8961923 |
| [synthesis in escherichia coli and certain properties of hybrid protein consisting of a modified precursor of adrenodoxin reductase and shortened precursor of adrenodoxin]. | some aspects of formation and functioning of the cholesterol hydroxylase system were studied. a hybrid protein was synthesized in e. coli composed of the modified form of the (nadph)adrenodoxin reductase precursor (n-terminal domain) and the shortened adrenodoxin precursor (c-terminal domain). the modified reductase precursor contained 12 extra amino acid residues at the n-terminus and the n-terminally shortened adrenodoxin precursor had 17 c-terminal amino acids of its targeting presequence. th ... | 1996 | 8962919 |
| the use of electrochemistry for the synthesis of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone by a fusion protein containing p450c17. | a method has been developed for the commercial application of the unique oxygen chemistry catalyzed by various cytochrome p450s. this is illustrated here for the synthesis of hydroxylated steroids. this method requires the preparation of large amounts of enzymatically functional p450 proteins that can serve as catalysts and a technique for providing electrons at an economically acceptable cost. to generate large amounts of enzymatically active recombinant p450s we have engineered the cdnas for v ... | 1996 | 8969926 |
| the use of selective and differential agars in the isolation of escherichia coli o157 from dairy herds. | the use of selective and differential agars for the isolation of escherichia coli o157 from the faeces of dairy herds was investigated. out of the 614 isolates which were positive for one or more of the selective criteria employed in the media only four proved to be e. coli o157. ninety-nine per cent of the isolates were false positives. the procedure which resulted in the isolation of e. coli o157 from faecal samples was enrichment in modified tryptone soya broth supplemented with novobiocin an ... | 1996 | 8972093 |
| site-directed mutagenesis and spectroscopic characterization of human ferrochelatase: identification of residues coordinating the [2fe-2s] cluster. | the five cysteines closest to the carboxyl terminus of human ferrochelatase have been individually mutated to serine, histidine, or aspartate residues in an attempt to identify the protein ligands to the [2fe-2s] cluster. mutations of cysteines at positions 403, 406, and 411 (c403d, c403h, c406d, c406h, c406s, c411h, and c411s mutants) all resulted in inactive enzyme that failed to assemble the [2fe-2s] cluster as judged by whole-cell epr studies. in contrast, mutation of the cysteines at positi ... | 1996 | 8973195 |
| anaplasma marginale major surface protein 3 is encoded by a polymorphic, multigene family. | the immunodominant surface protein, msp3, is structurally and antigenically polymorphic among strains of anaplasma marginale. in this study we show that a polymorphic multigene family is at least partially responsible for the variation seen in msp3. the a. marginale msp3 gene msp3-12 was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. with msp3-12 as a probe, multiple, partially homologous gene copies were identified in the genomes of three a. marginale strains. these copies were widely distributed th ... | 1997 | 8975906 |
| human insulin-like growth factor i (igf-i) produced in the mammary glands of transgenic rabbits: yield, receptor binding, mitogenic activity, and effects on igf-binding proteins. | insulin-like growth factor i (igf-i) has acute insulin-like metabolic effects and long-term anabolic actions offering a range of important therapeutic applications. to evaluate a system for large-scale production of this peptide in the mammary glands of transgenic livestock, we generated transgenic rabbits carrying fusion genes in which a synthetic dna coding for human igf-i (higf-i) was placed under the transcriptional control of regulatory elements isolated from the bovine alpha s1-casein (alp ... | 1997 | 8977418 |
| experimental escherichia coli o157:h7 carriage in calves. | nine weaned calves (6 to 8 weeks of age) were given 10(10) cfu of a five-strain mixture of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 by oral-gastric intubation. after an initial brief period of pyrexia in three calves and transient mild diarrhea in five calves, calves were clinically normal throughout the 13- to 27-day study. the population of e. coli o157:h7 in the faces decreased dramatically in all calves during the first 2 weeks after inoculation. thereafter, small populations of e. coli o1 ... | 1997 | 8979335 |
| evaluation of a nutritive oral rehydration solution for the treatment of calf diarrhoea. | the essential constituents of a conventional oral rehydration solution (ors) are sodium, glucose and a bicarbonate precursor. the glucose promotes sodium uptake but because these solutions are isotonic, it is insufficient to sustain calorie requirements. this paper examines the performance of a novel ors with over three times the conventional glucose concentration, by comparing it with two leading commercial orss in calves with induced escherichia coli diarrhoea. this solution showed greater abi ... | 1996 | 8979427 |
| effect of natural infection with minor pathogens on susceptibility to natural infection with major pathogens in the bovine mammary gland. | to evaluate the effect of natural udder infection with minor pathogens on subsequent natural infection with major pathogens. | 1997 | 8989490 |
| intrauterine bacterial findings and hormonal profiles in post-partum cows with normal puerperium. | the post-partum intrauterine bacterial flora, prostaglandin release, uterine involution and resumption of ovarian activity were studied in 9 swedish dairy cows during the first 8-week period. uterine involution was monitored by transrectal examinations of the reproductive tract 3 times weekly. bacteriological examination was performed from twice weekly uterine biopsies. the main pgf2 alpha metabolite (15-ketodihydro-pgf2 alpha) was monitored from twice daily blood plasma samples, while morning s ... | 1996 | 8996871 |
| [utilization of nylon membranes for specific isolation and characterization of verotoxin-producing escherichia coli using dna probes]. | a method for specific isolation of vt(+)-strains in raw milk is given. dna-hybridization technique with dig-labeled pcr-amplificates as probes are the basis. no background is seen by using "dig easy hyb" solution and nylon membranes for colony- and plaque-hybridization (boehringer mannheim gmbh). marked colonies are visible on the membranes after detection. so it is possible to select these colonies from a masterplate. the results are available within one day (without enrichment and membrane pre ... | 1996 | 8999776 |
| structure-function studies of the adenylate cyclase toxin of bordetella pertussis and the leukotoxin of pasteurella haemolytica by heterologous c protein activation and construction of hybrid proteins. | the adenylate cyclase toxin (cyaa) from bordetella pertussis and the leukotoxin (lkta) from pasteurella haemolytica are members of the rtx (stands for repeats in toxin) family of cytolytic toxins. they have pore-forming activity and share significant amino acid homology but show marked differences in biological activity. cyaa is an invasive adenylate cyclase and a weak hemolysin which is active on a wide range of mammalian cells. lkta is a cytolytic protein with a high target cell specificity an ... | 1997 | 9006045 |
| casein kinase ii phosphorylates bovine papillomavirus type 1 e1 in vitro at a conserved motif. | the e1 protein of bovine papillomavirus type 1 (bpv-1) is a phosphoprotein which specifically binds and unwinds the virus replication origin by atp-dependent helicase activity. the el protein has been shown to be multiply phosphorylated in vivo, although the sites of modification are incompletely mapped. examination of the predicted amino acid sequence of all available e1 proteins revealed strong conservation between amino acids 25 and 60 of a motif consisting of a serine residue followed by a s ... | 1997 | 9010301 |
| expression of the colh gene encoding clostridium histolyticum collagenase in bacillus subtilis and its application to enzyme purification. | the colh gene encoding 116-kda collagenase of clostridium histolyticum (ccolh) was cloned into an escherichia coli-bacillus subtilis shuttle vector to develop a method for purification of recombinant collagenase (rcolh). when plasmid pjcm310 containing the colh gene was introduced into b. subtilis db104 and the transformant was grown in lb broth at 37 c, stability of the plasmid was not maintained. however, stability was partly improved by growing the transformant in a modified lb broth containi ... | 1996 | 9013490 |
| identification of a c-terminal binding site for g-protein betagamma-subunits in phosducin-like protein. | phosducin-like protein (phlp) has recently been identified as a ubiquitous inhibitor of g-protein betagamma-subunit (g betagamma)-mediated signaling, with an affinity about 5-fold lower than that of phosducin. the g betagamma binding site of phosducin has been suggested to be contained in its n-terminus. a region corresponding to this n-terminus is lacking in phlp, suggesting that phlp must utilize a different mode of g betagamma binding. to map the g betagamma binding site in phlp, a series of ... | 1997 | 9013896 |
| kinetics of excision of purine lesions from dna by escherichia coli fpg protein. | the kinetics of excision of damaged purine bases from oxidatively damaged dna by escherichia coli fpg protein were investigated. dna substrates, prepared by treatment with h2o2/fe(iii)-edta or by gamma-irradiation under n2o or air, were incubated with fpg protein, followed by precipitation of dna. precipitated dna and supernatant fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography/isotope-dilution mass spectrometry. kinetic studies revealed efficient excision of 8-hydroxyguanine (8-oh-gua), 2,6-diamin ... | 1997 | 9016584 |
| the proton-translocating nadh-quinone oxidoreductase (ndh-1) of thermophilic bacterium thermus thermophilus hb-8. complete dna sequence of the gene cluster and thermostable properties of the expressed nqo2 subunit. | the genes encoding the proton-translocating nadh-quinone oxidoreductase (ndh-1) of a thermophilic bacterium thermus thermophilus hb-8 were cloned and sequenced. they constitute a cluster that is composed of 14 structural genes and contains no unidentified reading frames. all of the 14 structural genes, which are designated nqo1-14, encode subunits homologous to those of paracoccus denitrificans ndh-1, respectively, and are arranged in the same order as other bacterial ndh-1 genes. t. thermophilu ... | 1997 | 9020134 |
| the recombinant alpha isoform of protein kinase ck1 from xenopus laevis can phosphorylate tyrosine in synthetic substrates. | the cdna coding for protein kinase ck1 alpha has been cloned from a xenopus laevis cdna library. the derived amino acid sequence of the protein contains 337 amino acids and has a calculated molecular mass of 38874 da. the sequence is identical to that of the human ck1 alpha and to the bovine ck1 alpha, except that it is 12 amino acids longer than the latter protein. southern blotting with a 264-bp probe demonstrates that four or more fragments are obtained upon digestion of genomic dna with ecor ... | 1996 | 9022677 |
| ultrastructural and immunocytochemical study of the pulmonary intravascular macrophages of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide-treated sheep. | pulmonary intravascular macrophages (pims) of sheep, cattle, goats, and horses have a novel heparin-sensitive chain of globules, called a surface coat, on their plasma membrane. the globules are arranged at a distance of 32-39 nm from the plasma membrane of pims. intravascular nonbiological tracer particles complex with these globules prior to their endocytosis by the pims. | 1997 | 9026001 |
| bacteriological culture of blood from critically ill neonatal calves. | the objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of bacteremia in critically ill, neonatal calves with severe diarrhea or depression, and to describe the variety of bacteria involved. two studies were conducted in the summers of 1991 and 1993 involving 190 neonatal calves, 1-day to 19-days-old. bacteremia was detected by blood culture in 31% (28/90) of calves in study 1, and in 24% (19/79) of ill calves and 0% (0/21) of control calves in study 2. bacteria cultured from blood included ... | 1997 | 9028592 |
| effects of minor and major groove-binding drugs and intercalators on the dna association of minor groove-binding proteins reca and deoxyribonuclease i detected by flow linear dichroism. | linear and circular dichroic spectroscopies have been employed to investigate the effects of small dna ligands on the interactions of two proteins which bind to the minor groove of dna, viz. reca protein from escherichia coli and deoxyribonuclease i (bovine pancreas). ligands representing three specific non-covalent binding modes were investigated: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and distamycin a (minor groove binders), methyl green (major groove binder), and methylene blue, ethidium bromide and e ... | 1997 | 9030776 |
| interconversion of red opsin isoforms by the cyclophilin-related chaperone protein ran-binding protein 2. | ran-binding protein 2 (ranbp2) (type ii) is a retinal cyclophilin-related protein that binds ran-gtpase. type i cyclophilin is a shorter, alternatively spliced isoform of ranbp2. recently, we showed that the ran-binding domain 4 (rbd4)/cyclophilin (cy) supradomain of ranbp2 acts both in vitro and in vivo as a specific chaperone for bovine red/green opsin (r/g opsin). r/g opsin undergoes a stable modification of its electrophoretic mobility upon binding to ranbp2. this modification is likely due ... | 1997 | 9037092 |
| comparison of the recombinant and authentic forms of the pasteurella haemolytica a1 glycoprotease. | the o-sialoglycoprotein endopeptidase (glycoprotease, gcp) is secreted by pasteurella haemolytica a1, a gram-negative pathogen associated with bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis. when the cloned gcp gene is expressed in escherichia coli, the recombinant glycoprotease (rgcp) is exported to the periplasm but does not exhibit enzymatic activity. polyclonal calf sera and murine monoclonal antibodies to rgcp were used for the further immunological and biochemical characterization of the authentic and re ... | 1997 | 9037761 |
| studies on the development and use of a monoclonal sandwich elisa for the detection of verotoxic escherichia coli in animal faeces. | a sandwich elisa using monoclonal antibodies to escherichia coli verocytotoxins 1 and 2 for capture and detection was developed for detection of verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) in animal faeces. for optimal toxin detection, the faeces were cultured in macconkey broth before subculture on to trypticase soy agar containing mitomycin c. it was possible to detect between 10 and 10(3) vti-producing and 1 to 10 vt2-producing e coli/g faeces, and overall the sensitivity and specificity ... | 1997 | 9042694 |
| expression, purification and immunochemical characterization of recombinant bovine beta-lactoglobulin, a major cow milk allergen. | the immunological characteristics of a recombinant beta-lactoglobulin were studied using monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antiserum and sera from allergic patients. recombinant beta-lactoglobulin (rblg) was expressed in escherichia coli strain dh5alpha and purified as described previously [cho et al. (1994) j. biol. chem. 269, 11 102-11 107]. the method has been modified by adding an immunoaffinity purification step. a quantity of 5-10mg of purified rblg per liter of medium culture can be produ ... | 1996 | 9047377 |
| expression and function of recombinant endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene in canine basilar artery. | endothelial no synthase (enos) is an enzyme responsible for the production of a potent vasodilator and a key regulator of vascular tone, no. in peripheral arteries, expression of a recombinant enos gene increases production of no in the blood vessel wall. this approach appears to be a promising strategy for gene therapy of cerebrovascular disease. the major objective of the present study was to determine whether a recombinant enos gene (adcmvnos) can be functionally expressed in cerebral arterie ... | 1997 | 9048652 |
| fimbriae extracts from enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains of bovine and porcine origin with k99 and/or f41 antigens. | fimbriae extracts obtained using the thermal shock method, from bovine and porcine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains with k99 and/ or f41 antigens, were analyzed by sds-page, immunoblotting and haemagglutinating activity. three major protein bands with molecular weights 17 kda, 29.3 kda and 30.9 kda were detected depending on the strain assayed. a 17 kda band was identified as the fimbrial subunit for k99 fimbriae and was detected in strains of bovine and porcine origin. the 30.9 kda band ... | 1996 | 9054120 |
| [low molecular weight gtpase of the rac family from the bovine retina. structure of cdna and its expression in a prokaryotic system]. | cdna with a high degree of homology to the rac1 gene of the ras-like protein from the hl-60 cell line was isolated from a bovine retina cdna library. the homologies of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences were 90 and 98%, respectively. the product of cdna expression in e. coli cells purified by chromatography displayed gtp-binding and gtpase activities. the data suggest that the rac1 protein is one of the low-molecular gtp-binding proteins in photoreceptor membranes of vertebrates. | 1996 | 9054337 |