| colonization factor antigens of human pathogens. | | 1990 | 1973368 |
| identification, cloning, and sequencing of piv, a new gene involved in inverting the pilin genes of moraxella lacunata. | moraxella lacunata is a bacterium that is a causative agent of human conjunctivitis and keratitis. we have previously cloned the q and i pilin (formerly called beta and alpha pilin) genes of moraxella bovis and determined that an inversion of 2 kilobases (kb) of dna determines which pilin gene is expressed. using an m. bovis pilin gene as a hybridization probe to screen a lambda zap library of m. lacunata dna, we have isolated a clone that not only contains the entire type 4 pilin gene inversion ... | 1990 | 1973927 |
| adherence characteristics to human small intestinal mucosa of escherichia coli isolated from patients with diarrhea or urinary tract infections. | formalin-fixed human ileal mucosa and formalin-fixed or untreated (native) human urinary bladder mucosa were used to test the adherence ability of escherichia coli enterotoxigenic (etec) or uropathogenic (upec) for humans. when grown on colonization factor antigen (cfa) agar for 3 h at 37 degrees c, etec with cfa/i or cfa/ii pili had typical peritrichous flagella and adhered strongly to human ileal lymphoid follicle and villus epithelium. in contrast, e. coli cells with cfa/i or cfa/ii pili and ... | 1990 | 1976131 |
| quantitation of tamm-horsfall protein binding to uropathogenic escherichia coli and lectins. | in quantitative experiments using elisa, binding of tamm-horsfall protein (thp) to uropathogenic escherichia coli was studied with monoclonal antibody to thp. adherence to e. coli bearing type 1 fimbriae was proportional to thp concentration and size of the bacterial inoculum. type 1 fimbriae-bearing e. coli bound 50 times more thp than did non-type 1-fimbriated or p-fimbriated strains. concanavalin a and wheat germ agglutinin bound thp in a dose-dependent fashion, whereas pokeweed mitogen and v ... | 1990 | 1977810 |
| recognition by human v gamma 9/v delta 2 t cells of a groel homolog on daudi burkitt's lymphoma cells. | all human gamma delta t cells coexpressing the products of the variable (v) region t cell receptor (tcr) gene segments v gamma 9 and v delta 2 recognize antigens from mycobacterial extracts and daudi cells. exogenous and endogenous ligands on the cell surface, homologous to the groel heat shock family, induced reactivities that resembled superantigen responses in this major subset of human peripheral blood gamma delta t cells. stimulation of human v gamma 9/v delta 2 t cells is not restricted by ... | 1990 | 1978758 |
| nucleotide sequence of mouse hsp60 (chaperonin, groel homolog) cdna. | the cdna sequence of the 60 kda heat-shock protein from mouse 3t3 cells has been determined. the deduced amino acid sequence of mouse hsp60 protein differs from the corresponding proteins from chinese hamster and human cells in 7 and 13 residues, respectively, most of which are conservative replacements. | 1990 | 1979012 |
| pap-2-encoded fimbriae adhere to the p blood group-related glycosphingolipid stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 in the human kidney. | a subtype of p fimbriae, encoded by the pap-2 gene cluster, has been analyzed for agglutination of erythrocytes and for binding to cryostat sections of the human kidney. we have demonstrated that pap-2-encoded fimbriae are capable of binding to erythrocytes from some animal species and to human erythrocytes which express globoside and the lke (stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 [ssea-4]) antigen. the pap-2 fimbriae bind to bowman's capsule in the human kidney. monoclonal antibodies directed agai ... | 1990 | 1979319 |
| characterization of bovine septicemic, bovine diarrheal, and human enteroinvasive escherichia coli that hybridize with k88 and f41 accessory gene probes but do not express these adhesins. | certain dna probes derived from accessory genes of cloned k88 and f41 determinants hybridize with escherichia coli strains that express k88 or f41 and with certain other e. coli strains that do not express these antigens. we found that these probes hybridized with human enteroinvasive e. coli, and with bovine e. coli isolates which produced a fatal septicemia in experimentally infected piglets. these strains did not hybridize with probes derived from the structural subunit genes encoding the k88 ... | 1990 | 1980001 |
| type v collagen as the target for type-3 fimbriae, enterobacterial adherence organelles. | tissue-binding specificity of the type-3 fimbriae of pathogenic enteric bacteria was determined using frozen sections of human kidney. a wild-type klebsiella sp. strain and the recombinant strain escherichia coli hb101(pfk12), both expressing type-3 fimbriae, as well as the purified type-3 fimbriae effectively bound to sites at or adjacent to tubular basement membranes, bowman's capsule, arterial walls, and the interstitial connective tissue. bacterial adherence to kidney was decreased after col ... | 1990 | 1980713 |
| penetration of lanthanum through the main pancreatic duct epithelium in cats following exposure to infected human bile. | the main pancreatic duct epithelium acts as a barrier to the diffusion of molecules from the duct lumen into pancreatic acinar and interstitial tissue. we studied sequential ultrastructural characteristics of the loss of epithelial barrier function in the cat using lanthanum, an electron-opaque tracer, following perfusion of the duct from the tail to the duodenum with infected human bile. tight junctions between duct epithelial cells were found to become permeable to the tracer as early as after ... | 1991 | 1985010 |
| synthesis and secretion of high- and low-molecular-weight forms of the enzyme-releasing peptide (erp) from the macrophage-like cell line thp-1. | neutrophil enzymes have been implicated as a source of lung injury in patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ards) and with emphysema. we studied a human alveolar macrophage-derived peptide messenger, the enzyme-releasing peptide (erp), which causes neutrophils to secrete their enzymes. the secretion and synthesis of erp was studied in human alveolar macrophages and in the macrophage-like cell lines thp-1, hl-60, and u937. all four cell types secrete an erp-like peptide. thp-1 ce ... | 1991 | 1986775 |
| heat-labile enterotoxin can be released from escherichia coli cells by host intestinal factors. | the heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) of escherichia coli is localized in the periplasm of the bacterial cell. growth of an lt-producing strain of e. coli in the presence of bile salts, in concentrations within the range found in the human small intestine, caused leakage of lt into the culture medium. this leakage could be augmented by the presence in the medium of trypsin and by minimizing the concentration of free iron. | 1991 | 1987030 |
| interleukin-6 response to deliberate colonization of the human urinary tract with gram-negative bacteria. | intravesical inoculation of patients with escherichia coli provided an opportunity to examine the interleukin-6 (il-6) response to a gram-negative bacterial urinary tract infection in humans. all patients secreted il-6 as a result of infection. urinary il-6 was not continuously secreted but appeared as a series of similar peaks during the first 48 h after infection. there was no significant difference in the ability to trigger il-6 secretion between isogenic adhering or nonadhering strains, but ... | 1991 | 1987054 |
| anatomic pathway of pulmonary fluid leakage in endotoxemia induced in rats. the red blood cell packing method and its application. | the anatomic site of pulmonary fluid leakage in endotoxemia in rats was investigated using the red blood cell packing method and low-dose horseradish peroxidase as a tracer. to differentiate between arterioles and venules in a given section by light and electron microscopy, human red blood cells fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde were administered to the rat pulmonary arterial trunk at a pressure of 40 cm water. fixed red blood cells were packed in the lumina of arteries, arterioles, and a few capil ... | 1991 | 1987764 |
| covalent structure, disulfide bonding, and identification of reactive surface and active site residues of human prostatic acid phosphatase. | the pairing of the half-cysteine residues of human prostatic acid phosphatase was established by proteolytic digestion and analysis of the resulting peptide mixtures by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (fab-ms). an independently derived, full length cdna clone was used as the basis for the interpretation of the fab-ms data. the sequence of the native protein is that predicted from the present cdna sequence, except for the carboxyl-terminal end and some possible post-translational deamidat ... | 1991 | 1989985 |
| preliminary characterization of a cloned neutral isoelectric form of the human peptidyl prolyl isomerase cyclophilin. | we report the cloning of a neutral isoelectric form of the human peptidyl prolyl isomerase, cyclophilin, its expression in escherichia coli, and its purification and comparison to bovine thymus cyclophilin. the cloned protein exhibited a pi of approximately 7.8 and formed a simple 1:1 complex with cyclosporin a. this cloned form had a pi similar to that observed for the neutral isoform (pi approximately 7.4) of human splenocyte cyclophilin. the bovine thymus proteins exhibited anomalous behavior ... | 1991 | 1989998 |
| purification and characterization of human t-cell cyclophilin expressed in escherichia coli. | | 1991 | 1990542 |
| analysis of the conformation and stability of escherichia coli derived recombinant human interleukin 4 by circular dichroism. | the conformation and stability of escherichia coli derived recombinant human interleukin 4 (rhuil-4) have been examined by circular dichroism (cd). protein unfolding was detected by ellipticity changes at 222 nm with increasing concentrations of guanidine hydrochloride (gdnhcl). the unfolding midpoint ([gdnhcl]1/2) was 3.7 m, the free energy of unfolding, (delta gdh2o), was 5.9 kcal/mol and the dependence of delta gd on the gdnhcl concentration (m) was 1.6 (kcal/mol)/m. this unfolding was demons ... | 1991 | 1991106 |
| disulfide assignments in recombinant mouse and human interleukin 4. | the disulfide pairings of mouse and human interleukin 4 (il-4) proteins have been determined. the purified proteins, synthesized by recombinant dna technology, are fully active as judged by their ability to stimulate an appropriate biological response in a variety of functional assays. peptide maps were produced by digesting the proteins with pepsin and separating the resulting fragments by reverse-phase hplc using linear acetonitrile-tfa gradients. cystine-containing peptides were identified by ... | 1991 | 1993171 |
| relative efficiencies of the bacterial, yeast, and human dna methyltransferases for the repair of o6-methylguanine and o4-methylthymine. suggestive evidence for o4-methylthymine repair by eukaryotic methyltransferases. | the suicidal inactivation mechanism of dna repair methyltransferases (mtases) was exploited to measure the relative efficiencies with which the escherichia coli, human, and saccharomyces cerevisiae dna mtases repair o6-methylguanine (o6meg) and o4-methylthymine (o4met), two of the dna lesions produced by mutagenic and carcinogenic alkylating agents. using chemically synthesized double-stranded 25-base pair oligodeoxynucleotides containing a single o6meg or a single o4met, the concentration of o6 ... | 1991 | 1993655 |
| human adenovirus serotype 3 fiber protein. comparison of native and recombinant proteins. | we were able to isolate viral fiber and penton from ad3-infected kb cells using for their detection antibodies obtained against recombinant ad3 fiber. the native material was examined by electron microscopy and the characteristic fiber shape of a shaft terminated by a globular head was observed. the native fiber was compared with two recombinant fibers synthesized in escherichia coli cells. one, the ad3 fiber protein expressed in e. coli with a 14-amino acid nh2-terminal fusion peptide, under th ... | 1991 | 1995644 |
| cloning, sequencing and expression of cdna for chick liver haem oxygenase. comparison of avian and mammalian cdnas and deduced proteins. | a cdna from a chick liver library that encodes for haem oxygenase has been cloned and sequenced. positive clones were identified with monospecific antibodies to the purified enzyme from chick liver and a cdna of rat haem oxygenase-1. the length of the cdna is 1258 bases. an open reading frame of 888 bases was identified by comparison of nucleotide and amino acid sequences with those previously identified for haem oxygenase of mammalian or avian origin. the protein corresponding to this fragment ... | 1991 | 1996964 |
| conversion of pig pancreas phospholipase a2 by protein engineering into enzyme active against escherichia coli treated with the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein. | phospholipases a2 (pla-2) are conserved enzymes that can vary widely in their activity toward certain biological targets. activity of pla-2 toward escherichia coli treated with the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (bpi) of granulocytes has been detected only in "group ii" pla-2 (lacking cys11-cys77) and correlates with overall basicity and the presence of a cluster of basic amino acids within a variable surface region near the nh2 terminus (including residues 6, 7, 10, 11, and 15). w ... | 1991 | 1999411 |
| the three-dimensional structure of glutathione reductase from escherichia coli at 3.0 a resolution. | the structure of glutathione reductase from escherichia coli has been solved at 3 a resolution using multiple isomorphous replacement, solvent flattening, and molecular replacement on the basis of the homologous (53% identical residues) and structurally well-established human enzyme. the structures of both enzyme species agree with each other in a global way; there is no domain rearrangement. in detail, clear structural differences can be observed. the structure analysis of the e. coli enzyme wa ... | 1991 | 2006135 |
| max: a helix-loop-helix zipper protein that forms a sequence-specific dna-binding complex with myc. | the myc protooncogene family has been implicated in cell proliferation, differentiation, and neoplasia, but its mechanism of function at the molecular level is unknown. the carboxyl terminus of myc family proteins contains a basic region helix-loop-helix leucine zipper motif (bhlh-zip), which has dna-binding activity and has been predicted to mediate protein-protein interactions. the bhlh-zip region of c-myc was used to screen a complementary dna (cdna) expression library, and a bhlh-zip protein ... | 1991 | 2006410 |
| chemical reduction of 3-oxo and unsaturated groups in fatty acids of diphosphoryl lipid a from the lipopolysaccharide of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. comparison of biological properties before and after reduction. | unlike the diphosphoryl lipid a (dpla) derived from toxic lipopolysaccharide of escherichia coli and salmonella strains, the dpla from nontoxic lipopolysaccharide of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides atcc 17023 is biologically inactive. this could be due to the presence of 3-oxotetradecanoic and delta 7-tetradecenoic acids. these two fatty acids in r. sphaeroides dpla were catalytically reduced in platinum oxide/h2 to the 3-hydroxy and saturated fatty acids, respectively. the biologically active e. c ... | 1991 | 2007601 |
| a circular dna in malaria parasites encodes an rna polymerase like that of prokaryotes and chloroplasts. | a 3.5-kb sau3ai fragment was cloned from a circular dna molecule isolated from the human malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum and found to contain two contiguous open reading frames. these encode portions of beta and beta' subunits of an rna polymerase similar to prokaryotic and chloroplast rna polymerases, and contain highly conserved structural elements. the plasmodium genes are arranged in a polycistronic transcription unit, as in both escherichia coli and chloroplast genomes, and are trans ... | 1991 | 2011147 |
| mapping sequenced e.coli genes by computer: software, strategies and examples. | methods are presented for organizing and integrating dna sequence data, restriction maps, and genetic maps for the same organism but from a variety of sources (databases, publications, personal communications). proper software tools are essential for successful organization of such diverse data into an ordered, cohesive body of information, and a suite of novel software to support this endeavor is described. though these tools automate much of the task, a variety of strategies is needed to cope ... | 1991 | 2011534 |
| influence of fosfomycin on the intestinal and pharyngeal flora of man. | the influence of 5 g fosfomycin i.v. every 12 hours on the intestinal and pharyngeal flora was studied in eight healthy, male volunteers. the escherichia coli counts were markedly reduced during application and returned to normal in all subjects within a maximum period of 12 days. the total count of enterococci was reduced by one to two decimal potencies under medication. there was no change in the counts of bacteroides and anaerobic lactobacteria. no selection of clostridium difficile was obser ... | 1991 | 2013503 |
| gravidin, an endogenous inhibitor of phospholipase a2 activity, is a secretory component of iga. | gravidin, a phospholipase inhibitor characterised previously from amniotic fluid, was partially sequenced at the n-terminal and found to be identical to secretory component of human iga. inhibition of antiphospholipase activity was observed after incubation of gravidin with monoclonal antibody to human secretory component. secretory component isolated from human saliva and breast milk was found to inhibit arachidonic acid release from human lymphocytes. it was concluded that gravidin is secretor ... | 1991 | 2018532 |
| isolation of pasteurella caballi from an infected wound on a veterinary surgeon. | comparison of phenotypical characters obtained from the type strain of pasteurella caballi and a previously unclassified p.sp., isolated from an infected wound on a veterinary surgeon, allowed classification of the p.sp. with p. caballi. the p.sp. was isolated in a mixed culture with escherichia coli and probably represents the first human isolate of p. caballi. | 1991 | 2018641 |
| inhibition by lipid a-specific monoclonal antibodies of priming of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes by endotoxin. | exposure to lipopolysaccharide (lps) primes polymorphonuclear leucocytes (pmnl) for enhanced release of oxygen metabolites after subsequent stimulation. the metabolic response of human pmnl primed with lps and stimulated with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fmlp) was measured by chemiluminescence (cl) as a parameter for endotoxic activity. polymyxin b (pmb) and monoclonal antibodies (mabs) with specificity for lipid a were tested for inhibition of the priming effect of re lps of salmonell ... | 1991 | 2020018 |
| functional role of the distal valine (e11) residue of alpha subunits in human haemoglobin. | we have expressed human alpha-globin to a high level in escherichia coli as a fusion protein, purified it and removed the n-terminal leader sequence by site-specific proteolysis with blood coagulation factor xa. the apo globin has been refolded and reconstituted with haem and native beta-globin to form fully functional haemoglobin (hb) with properties identical to those of native human hb. by site-directed mutagenesis we have altered the distal residues of the alpha subunits and compared the fun ... | 1991 | 2023247 |
| expression of an autoprocessing cat-hiv-1 proteinase fusion protein: purification to homogeneity of the release 99 residue proteinase. | the 99 residue human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteinase has been expressed in escherichia coli as part of an autocleaving fusion protein. expression of the fusion protein is toxic to the host cells, however yields of the released proteinase have been improved by optimising induction nad harvest times to increase culture biomass, and decrease degradation of the proteinase. soluble proteinase was extracted from these cells by a simple and highly efficient three step process. n-terminal seque ... | 1991 | 2025253 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of the conserved tyrosine 151 of human placental nad(+)-dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase yields a catalytically inactive enzyme. | nad(+)-dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-pgdh) is a key enzyme involved in the biological inactivation of the prostaglandins. the cdna for human placental 15-pgdh has been expressed in escherichia coli. site-directed mutagenesis was used to convert a highly conserved tyrosine at position 151 in 15-pgdh to an alanine. the dna coding for this alanine mutant 15-pgdh was expressed in e. coli. western blot analysis indicated that this mutant protein was expressed in amounts comparab ... | 1991 | 2025296 |
| escherichia coli mediated biosynthesis and in vitro anti-hiv activity of lipophilic 6-halo-2',3'-dideoxypurine nucleosides. | a series of 6-substituted 2',3'-dideoxypurine ribofuranosides (ddp) was enzymatically synthesized with live e. coli in an effort to enhance the lipophilicity of this class of anti-human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) compounds and thereby facilitate drug delivery into the central nervous system. all 6-halo-substituted ddps were substantially more lipophilic, as defined by their octanol-water partition coefficient (p), than their nonhalogenated congeners 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddi) or 2',3'-dideoxyg ... | 1991 | 2033586 |
| escherichia coli dna polymerase ii is homologous to alpha-like dna polymerases. | the escherichia coli polb gene encodes dna polymerase ii and is regulated by the sos system. we sequenced a 4081 nucleotide segment of the e. coli chromosome that contains the polb gene and its flanking regions. dna polymerase ii, as deduced from the dna sequence, consists of 782 amino acids, has a molecular weight of 89,917, and is structurally homologous to alpha-like dna polymerases, which include eukaryotic replicative dna polymerases. comparison of the sequences of the alpha-like dna polyme ... | 1991 | 2034216 |
| mutations in the heparin-binding domains of human basic fibroblast growth factor alter its biological activity. | eleven structural analogues of human basic fibroblast growth factor (bfgf) have been prepared by site-directed mutagenesis of a synthetic bfgf gene to examine the effect of amino acid substitutions in the three putative heparin-binding domains on fgf's biological activity. after expression in escherichia coli, the mutant proteins were purified to homogeneity by use of heparin-sepharose chromatography and analyzed for their ability to stimulate dna synthesis in human foreskin fibroblasts. recombi ... | 1991 | 2036431 |
| ocular permeability after systemic administration of endotoxin in humans. | acute anterior uveitis in response to the administration of systemic gram-negative endotoxin was studied in humans. the blood-aqueous barrier was evaluated in eight normal human subjects at 8 or 24 hours after systemic administration of purified gram-negative endotoxin. no significant changes in the blood-aqueous barrier were found, as evaluated by permeability to fluorescein, number of aqueous cells, flare, or intraocular pressure, despite profound endotoxin-induced cardiac, pulmonary, and circ ... | 1991 | 2036803 |
| biosynthesis of klebsiella k2 capsular polysaccharide in escherichia coli hb101 requires the functions of rmpa and the chromosomal cps gene cluster of the virulent strain klebsiella pneumoniae chedid (o1:k2). | the genes determining the biosynthesis of type 2 (k2) capsular polysaccharide [3----beta glc1,4----beta man(1,3----beta glcua) 1,4----alpha glc1----] of klebsiella pneumoniae chedid (o1:k2), which is highly virulent for mice, were cloned and introduced into escherichia coli hb101 and into four noncapsulated mutants derived from k. pneumoniae reference strains of k1, k7, k9, and k28. the recombinant plasmid pcps7b06 carried 23 kb of a chromosomal dna fragment of strain chedid and encoded a part o ... | 1991 | 2037364 |
| isolation and characterization of recombinant human casein kinase ii subunits alpha and beta from bacteria. | cdna encoding the casein kinase ii (ckii) subunits alpha and beta of human origin were expressed in escherichia coli using expression vector pt7-7. significant expression was obtained with e. coli bl21(de3). the ckii subunits accounted for approximately 30% of the bacterial protein; however, most of the expressed proteins were produced in an insoluble form. the recombinant ckii alpha subunit was purified by deae-cellulose chromatography, followed by phosphocellulose and heparin-agarose chromatog ... | 1991 | 2040287 |
| cdna cloning of the rat o6-methylguanine-dna-methyltransferase. | a cdna expression library was constructed from a rat hepatoma cell line ( h4 cells ) and introduced into an escherichia coli strain ( bk2110 ) deficient in the repair of o6-methylguanine residues. following three exposures to n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine, a resistant colony harboring a plasmid named rmgmt was isolated. extracts of bk2210 cells hosting the rmgmt plasmid expressed a o6-methylguanine-dna-methyltransferase (transferase) activity and this protein had the same molecular weight ... | 1991 | 2049083 |
| activity of artificial mutant variants of human growth hormone deficient in a disulfide bond between cys53 and cys165. | in order to understand the role of cys53 and cys165 of human growth hormone (hgh) in receptor-binding and biological activity, artificial mutant variants of hgh were prepared in escherichia coli by in vitro mutagenesis. variants of hgh were constructed by replacement of cys165 with ala ([ala165]hgh) or ser ([ser165]hgh), by replacement of cys53 with ala ([ala53]hgh), by replacement of cys53 and cys165 with ala ([ala53, ala165]hgh), or by replacement of cys53 with ala and cys165 with ser ([ala53, ... | 1991 | 2049799 |
| tfiid is required for in vitro transcription of the human u6 gene by rna polymerase iii. | we present evidence that transcription factor tfiid, known for its central role in transcription by rna polymerase ii, is also involved in rna polymerase iii transcription of the human u6 snrna gene. recombinant human tfiid, expressed either via a vaccinia virus vector in hela cells or in escherichia coli, affects u6 transcription in three different in vitro assays. first, tfiid-containing fractions stimulate u6 transcription in reactions containing rate-limiting amounts of hela nuclear extract. ... | 1991 | 2050122 |
| characterization of a cdna encoding the 70-kda single-stranded dna-binding subunit of human replication protein a and the role of the protein in dna replication. | replication protein a (rp-a) is a three-subunit single-stranded dna-binding protein that has been isolated from human cells. rp-a is essential for sv40 dna replication and may also be important in genetic recombination. the sequence of a cdna encoding the 70-kda subunit of human rp-a is reported. the 616-amino acid predicted open reading frame of the human protein is 31% identical with the 621-amino acid open reading frame of the 70-kda subunit of rp-a from the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. bo ... | 1991 | 2050703 |
| sequence and immunogenicity of the 70-kda heat shock protein of mycobacterium leprae. | the gene encoding the mycobacterium leprae 70-kda heat shock protein has been isolated from a cosmid library using a fragment of the clone jkl2. southern blot analysis of a positive clone identified a 4.4-kb fragment containing the entire coding region of the gene plus 2.4 kb upstream. sequencing revealed the gene to encode a 621-amino acid protein, bearing 56% identity with the escherichia coli dnak gene product and 47% and 46% identity with the human and caenorhabditis elegans hsp70, respectiv ... | 1991 | 2051024 |
| [factors intervening in the variations of in vitro adhesion power of enterotoxinogenic colibacillus (etec) to human enterocytes]. | human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli adhere to the brush border of human enterocytes. the mean number of bacteria adhering to one enterocyte (adhesion index) varied from 0.5 to 3.1 when the strains produce adhesins. different factors related to enterocytes and to bacteria are involved in this variability. the number of bacteria which adhered to enterocytes issued from the same donor varied from from 0 to 12. moreover the proportion of enterocytes on which several bacteria sticked did not excee ... | 1991 | 2052421 |
| localization in human interleukin 2 of the binding site to the alpha chain (p55) of the interleukin 2 receptor. | human interleukin 2 (il-2) analogs with defined amino acid substitutions were used to identify specific residues that interact with the 55-kda subunit (p55) or alpha chain of the human il-2 receptor. analog proteins containing specific substitutions for lys-35, arg-38, phe-42, or lys-43 were inactive in competitive binding assays for p55. all of these analogs retained substantial competitive binding to the intermediate-affinity p70 subunit (beta chain) of the receptor complex. the analogs varied ... | 1991 | 2052547 |
| escherichia coli kgtp encodes an alpha-ketoglutarate transporter. | the wita gene located between pss and rrng on the escherichia coli chromosome encodes a 432-amino acid protein. it is homologous to a human hepatoma glucose transporter and to e. coli membrane proteins that transport citrate (cita), arabinose (arae), and xylose (xyle), and, like these carrier proteins, wita also contains 12 highly hydrophobic putative membrane-spanning regions. gene disruption mutants constructed in two e. coli strains grew slowly or not at all, depending on genetic background, ... | 1991 | 2053984 |
| rat model of experimental bacterial prostatitis. | a reproducible rat model of chronic bacterial prostatitis was developed employing a defined bacterial pathogen to study the pathophysiology of acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis. the progression of inflammation and its consequences following the retrograde introduction of bacteria through the acute and finally the chronic stages of prostatitis can be documented with microbiological, histological, ultrastructural and immunologic data. this model has many striking similarities to the natural ... | 1991 | 2055647 |
| detection of giardia cysts with a cdna probe and applications to water samples. | giardiasis is the most common human parasite infection in the united states, causing a lengthy course of diarrhea. transmission of giardia species is by the fecal-oral route, and numerous waterborne outbreaks have been documented. the environmental protection agency has regulated giardia species in drinking water through the surface water treatment rule. current methods for detection of giardia species in water rely primarily on microscopic observation of water concentrates with immunofluorescen ... | 1991 | 2059051 |
| [isolation of vero toxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) from imported meats]. | one hundred and four samples of various imported meats obtained from the stores and supermarkets in matsuyama-city and iyo-city from november, 1987 to october, 1988 were examined and two strains of vero toxin-producing escherichia coli were isolated: one was from beef from australia and the other was from pork from canada. by bead-elisa, it was confirmed that the strain from beef produced vero toxin 1 (vt1) and vero toxin 2 variant (vt2vh) and the strain from pork produced vt2vh. these results s ... | 1991 | 2066599 |
| convergent evolution of similar function in two structurally divergent enzymes. | an example of two related enzymes that catalyse similar reactions but possess different active sites is provided by comparing the structure of escherichia coli thioredoxin reductase with glutathione reductase. both are dimeric enzymes that catalyse the reduction of disulphides by pyridine nucleotides through an enzyme disulphide and a flavin. human glutathione reductase contains four structural domains within each molecule: the flavin-adenine dinucleotide (fad)- and nicotinamide-adenine dinucleo ... | 1991 | 2067578 |
| cd4-pseudomonas exotoxin hybrid proteins: modulation of potency and therapeutic window through structural design and characterization of cell internalization. | replacing the pseudomonas exotoxin a (pe) cell binding domain with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) gp120 binding domain from cd4 yields a hybrid toxin (cd4-pe) with potential therapeutic use in treating acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). to find the most therapeutically potent combination of cd4 and pe four different hybrid toxins composed of one [cd4(122)] or two [cd4(181)] ig-like cd4 domains and sequences of pe where the binding domain was partially [pe(392)] or completely [pe( ... | 1991 | 2069820 |
| recombinant human superoxide dismutases: production and potential therapeutical uses. | in many pathological situations, tissue damage is caused by cellular generation of superoxide free radicals (o2-). these active species are generated during post-ischemic reperfusion of organs, in hyperoxic tissue, during acute and chronic inflammation and during exposure to ionizing radiation. exogenous superoxide dismutase (sod) was shown to significantly prevent such damage. the genes for human cytosolic cu/znsod and mitochondrial mnsod were cloned and introduced into an e. coli expression sy ... | 1991 | 2071044 |
| cloning of the gene and amino acid sequence for glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase from leuconostoc mesenteroides. | amino acid sequencing of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (glc6pd) from leuconostoc mesenteroides yielded sequence for over 75% of the protein. two oligonucleotides based on the amino acid sequence were used to isolate a partial glc6pd gene clone (plmz delta n65), from a puc9 library, containing 85% of the coding sequence and the 3'-untranslated dna, but lacking the 5'-noncoding dna sequence and the portion of the gene encoding the 65 n-terminal amino acids. attempts to obtain a full-length clo ... | 1991 | 2071589 |
| verotoxic escherichia coli in human disease. | verotoxin-producing e. coli (most frequently e. coli o157) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. cattle, meat products, and other sources have been found to harbor these organisms. isolation of e. coli o157:h7 on macconkey-sorbitol agar is diagnostic, yet the bacteria are difficult to detect after the first week of infection. enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) can detect verotoxin in ... | 1991 | 2072218 |
| [the utilization of heme iron by yersinia pestis in human blood and blood sera]. | y. pestis, the causative agents of plague, have been found to be incapable of using heme iron bound to haptoglobin and hemopexin complexes in human blood and blood serum, and protein components of the serum are not the factors inhibiting this process. at the same time iron of free hemoglobin can be successfully utilized by y. pestis in the systems used in this study. on the contrary, hemin not only produces any stimulating effect on the growth of y. pestis in blood serum, but leads to the death ... | 1990 | 2075759 |
| cryptic alpha-toxin gene in toxic shock syndrome and septicaemia strains of staphylococcus aureus. | the majority of clinical isolates of staphylococcus aureus that produce toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (tsst-1) fail to express alpha-toxin, despite having a copy of the hla gene in the chromosome. the hla gene was cloned from an hla- tsst-1+ strain, todd 555, which had been isolated from a case of toxic shock syndrome in the usa. of the 630 bases of the todd 555 gene sequenced, 46 differed from the hla gene sequence of strain wood 46. the defect in alpha-toxin expression was shown to be due to a ... | 1990 | 2082151 |
| isolation, characterization and expression of the complementary dna for human tumor necrosis factor (tnf-alpha). | a cdna for human tnf-alpha (615bp) was isolated by means of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using first strand cdna from pma-induced hl-60 cells as template. the result from sequencing the 615 bp cdna fragment indicated that it corresponded to the entire sequence of mature human tnf coding region. direct expression of mature human tnf was achieved using a plasmid pht-1 constructed by ligation of the cdna and a synthetic dna. the iptg-induced bacterial product (htnf) showed cytotoxicity to mouse ... | 1990 | 2085391 |
| cloning and inactivation of the gene responsible for a major surface antigen on streptococcus mutans. | to understand more fully the biological function(s) and investigate the reported cross-reactivity with heart tissue of antigen p1 (i/ii) of streptococcus mutans (serotype c), this molecular biological study of the responsible gene, spap, was undertaken. a 5.2 kb hin diii fragment of strain ng5 was cloned into escherichia coli jm109 by a shotgun procedure with puc18 as the vector. recombinant sm2949 expressed a p1 fusion protein under the control of the streptococcal promoter. southern analysis r ... | 1990 | 2088219 |
| k-antigen identification, hemolysin production, and hemagglutination types of escherichia coli o6 strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. | serotyping of 1918 escherichia coli strains isolated in significant cell numbers from the urine of patients with urinary tract infections (uti) revealed the presence of 117 o6 strains. the k antigens were identified by means of k-specific phages and serological methods. the phages used included a k1 phage pool (phi 1, a-e) and the separate phages phi 2, phi 5, phi 7, phi 12 and phi 13. the presence of h antigens, type 1 fimbriae formation, hemolysin production and mannose-resistant hemagglutinat ... | 1990 | 2090152 |
| [hemolytic-uremic syndrome: association with vero cytotoxin-producing escherichia coli. an epidemiological and microbiological study on possible animal reservoirs]. | vero cytotoxin-producing strains of escherichia coli (vtec) appear to be in man associated with a range of clinical symptoms from mild non bloody diarrhoea to haemorrhagic colitis and severe haemolytic uraemic syndrome (hus). we present two patients affected by hus who were investigated to determine evidence of infection by vtec. in one of the patient free fecal cytotoxin active on vero cells was detected as well as seroconversion of vt-neutralizing antibody titre. both children were living in t ... | 1990 | 2093884 |
| nucleotide sequence of citrus limon 26s rrna gene and secondary structure model of its rna. | the complete nucleotide sequence of citrus limon 26s rdna has been determined. the sequence has been aligned with large ribosomal rna (l-rrna) sequences of escherichia coli, saccharomyces cerevisiae and oryza sativa. nine extensive expansion segments in dicot 26s rrna relative to e. coli 23s rrna have been identified and compared with analogous segments of monocot, yeast, amphibian and human l-rrnas. a secondary structure model for lemon 26s rrna has been derived based on the refined model of e. ... | 1990 | 2101688 |
| synthesis and characterization of escherichia coli o18 o-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines. | nontoxic, serologically reactive o polysaccharide was derived from escherichia coli o18 lipopolysaccharide by acid hydrolysis, extraction with organic solvents, and gel filtration chromatography. oxidized o polysaccharide was covalently coupled to either pseudomonas aeruginosa toxin a or cholera toxin by using adipic acid dihydrazide as a spacer molecule in the presence of carbodiimide. the resulting conjugates were composed of approximately equal amounts of o polysaccharide and protein and were ... | 1990 | 2105272 |
| dna-mediated gene transfer into adult rat hepatocytes in primary culture. | proliferation-competent and differentiation-competent adult rat hepatocytes in primary culture were investigated for their ability to express reporter genes (firefly luciferase, bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, and bacterial beta-galactosidase) driven by tumor virus or eucaryotic promoters that vary in transcriptional efficiency and tissue specificity. supercoiled plasmid dna molecules were introduced into the cells by the calcium phosphate coprecipitation protocol of c. chen and h. ... | 1990 | 2105458 |
| tissue plasminogen activator reverses the deleterious effect of infection on colonic wound healing. | fibrin deposition in response to bacterial peritonitis appears to predispose to residual infection in the peritoneal cavity. our previous studies have demonstrated that intraperitoneal fibrinolysis using human recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (t-pa) prevented abscess formation in a rat intra-abdominal sepsis model. to investigate the potential adverse side effects of its use in the peritoneal cavity, the effect of t-pa on colonic anastomotic wound healing and on systemic coagulation para ... | 1990 | 2105700 |
| doublet preference and gene evolution. | doublet preference analysis was carried out on coding and noncoding regions of escherichia coli, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and human mitochondrial and nuclear dna. the preference pattern in 1-2 and 2-3 doublets in e. coli and s. cerevisiae correlated with that in noncoding regions. the 3-1 doublet preference in e. coli genes with low optimal codon frequency and in s. cerevisiae genes also showed a correlation with each of their noncoding doublet preference. a mechanism to explain these double pr ... | 1990 | 2107327 |
| effects of a highly basic region of human immunodeficiency virus tat protein on nucleolar localization. | human immunodeficiency virus type 1 encodes a positive trans-activator protein, tat, which is located predominantly in the cell nucleolus. to study the role of the basic region of tat in nucleolar localization, we constructed fusion genes encoding serially deleted segments of tat joined to the amino-terminal end of the escherichia coli beta-galactosidase molecule. we show that the basic region of tat was sufficient for nuclear localization but not for nucleolar localization. addition of three am ... | 1990 | 2108259 |
| the second zinc-finger domain of poly(adp-ribose) polymerase determines specificity for single-stranded breaks in dna. | poly(adp-ribose) polymerase (ec 2.4.2.30) is a zinc-binding protein that specifically binds to a dna strand break in a zinc-dependent manner. we describe here the cloning and expression in escherichia coli of a cdna fragment encoding the two putative zinc fingers (fi and fii) domain of the human poly(adp-ribose) polymerase. using site-directed mutagenesis, we identified the amino acids involved in metal coordination and analyzed the consequence of altering the proposed zinc-finger structures on ... | 1990 | 2109322 |
| enhanced phagocytosis of encapsulated escherichia coli strains after exposure to sub-mics of antibiotics is correlated to changes of the bacterial cell surface. | the influence of five antibiotics (netilmicin, ceftriaxone, cefepime, fleroxacin, and ciprofloxacin) on capsular polysaccharide distribution and on opsonophagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes of unencapsulated and encapsulated escherichia coli strains was studied. unencapsulated e. coli strains were readily opsonized in serum and easily ingested by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and antibiotics did not further enhance the phagocytosis rates. in contrast, encapsulated bacteria were po ... | 1990 | 2109580 |
| functional domains of the hiv-1 rev gene required for trans-regulation and subcellular localization. | the rev gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) encodes a 116 amino acid nuclear regulatory protein (rev) that increases the cytoplasmic expression of viral mrnas containing the rev response element (rre) and coding for the structural proteins, gag and env. to identify the functional domains of rev, amino acid deletion and chain termination mutations were introduced in the rev coding region. the ability of these mutants to increase the cytoplasmic expression of a rev-test plasmid (ps ... | 1990 | 2109912 |
| properties of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (pnp) of mammalian and bacterial origin. | purine nucleoside phosphorylase (pnp), from calf spleen, human erythrocytes and e. coli have been examined with regard to structural requirements of substrates and inhibitors. kinetic parameters (km, vmax/km) for a variety of n(1) and/or n(7)-methylated analogues of guanosine, inosine and adenosine have been evaluated for all three enzymes. the substrate and/or inhibitor properties of purine riboside, 1,6-dihydropurine riboside, some deazapurine nucleosides: 3-deaza- and 7-deazainosine, 1,3-dide ... | 1990 | 2109978 |
| the 'effective number of codons' used in a gene. | a simple measure is presented that quantifies how far the codon usage of a gene departs from equal usage of synonymous codons. this measure of synonymous codon usage bias, the 'effective number of codons used in a gene', nc, can be easily calculated from codon usage data alone, and is independent of gene length and amino acid (aa) composition. nc can take values from 20, in the case of extreme bias where one codon is exclusively used for each aa, to 61 when the use of alternative synonymous codo ... | 1990 | 2110097 |
| location of the protease-inhibitory region of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor. | secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (slpi) is a two-domain protein that inhibits a wide range of proteases including chymotrypsin, leukocyte elastase, and trypsin. based on its homology to other protease inhibitors and on x-ray crystallography of an slpi-chymotrypsin complex it has been proposed that the elastase and chymotrypsin-inhibitory site is in the cooh-terminal domain and that the trypsin-inhibitory site is in the nh2-terminal domain. we have prepared muteins of slpi by site-directed ... | 1990 | 2110563 |
| cloning of a cdna encoding adenylosuccinate lyase by functional complementation in escherichia coli. | adenylosuccinate lyase was cloned by functional complementation of an escherichia coli purb mutant using an avian liver cdna expression library. the derived amino acid sequence is homologous to the bacterial purb-encoded adenylosuccinate lyase which catalyzes the same two steps in purine biosynthesis as the enzyme from animals. avian adenylosuccinate lyase also shows regions of extensive sequence similarity to the urea cycle enzyme, argininosuccinate lyase. this homology suggests a similar mecha ... | 1990 | 2111814 |
| the prostacyclin analogue taprostene and recombinant human superoxide dismutase increase the permanent survival rate of endotoxemic rats. | the permanent survival rate of endotoxemic rats was studied. in 40 untreated control rats the survival rate 7 days after the endotoxin administration was 33%. the survival rate was increased to 40% with recombinant human superoxide dismutase (r-hsod), to 55% (p less than 0.05) with the prostacyclin analogue taprostene and to 70% (p less than 0.01) with the combination of r-hsod and taprostene (20 rats for each treatment group). r-hsod and taprostene provide significant and permanent protection i ... | 1990 | 2111867 |
| administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide elicits circulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha in neonatal calves. | the presence of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) during endotoxemia in ruminants has not been reported previously. in this study, we detected the in vivo release of bovine tnf-alpha by using wehi-164 murine fibrosarcoma cells as targets in an 18-h cytotoxicity assay. treatment of the wehi-164 cells with 1 microgram of actinomycin d (dactinomycin) enhanced approximately twofold the susceptibility of the cells to tnf-alpha activity. tnf-alpha activity in sera from neonatal calves injected i ... | 1990 | 2112564 |
| molecular cloning of the human ctp synthetase gene by functional complementation with purified human metaphase chromosomes. | successive rounds of chromosome-mediated gene transfer were used to complement a hamster cytidine auxotroph deficient in ctp synthetase activity and eventually to clone human genomic and cdna fragments coding for the structural gene. our approach was to isolate human alu+ fragments from a tertiary transfectant and to utilize these fragments to screen a panel of primary transfectants. in this manner two dna fragments, both mapping within the structural gene, were identified and used to clone a pa ... | 1990 | 2113467 |
| cytokine response by monocytes and macrophages to free and lipoprotein-bound lipopolysaccharide. | recent evidence suggests that bacterial lipopolysaccharide binds to serum lipoproteins in vitro and in vivo and that lipopolysaccharide in the form that is bound to lipoprotein is less biologically active in several experimental models. in order to study the mechanism of this apparent detoxification, we compared the ability of free and lipoprotein-bound lipopolysaccharide from escherichia coli o18 to stimulate interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor from elicited murine peritonea ... | 1990 | 2114366 |
| structure-function analysis of the human interferon gamma. the cooh terminus is not essential for functional activity. | the structure-function relationships for the human interferon gamma (huifn-gamma) were studied using recombinant variants that had various deletions at the carboxyl terminus. four cooh-terminal deletion variants were constructed that contained the amino-terminal 122, 117, 111, and 106 amino acid residues. these variants were constructed by specific dna modifications and were expressed in escherichia coli. the deletion of 21 amino acid residues resulted in only 2- and 3-fold reduction in the anti ... | 1990 | 2115890 |
| quantitative analysis of antimicrobial effect kinetics in an in vitro dynamic model. | variants of the available methods for estimating antimicrobial effect kinetics in an in vitro dynamic model were analyzed. two integral parameters characterizing antimicrobial effect duration (te) and intensity (ie) are suggested to define and analyze the concentration-effect relationships in these models, irrespective of the method of recording. te is defined by the time from the moment of antibiotic administration to the movement when the bacterial count again reaches its initial level. ie is ... | 1990 | 2117416 |
| ultrastructural and immunocytochemical study of the uptake and distribution of bacterial lipopolysaccharide in human monocytes. | interaction of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) with monocytes stimulates production of a variety of mediators that are involved in the pathogenesis of septic shock and wound repair. we report here the mechanisms of lps uptake and intracellular distribution of lps in human monocytes. ficoll-hypaque-purified peripheral mononuclear cells (pbmc) were exposed to lps from rough escherichia coli (j5) or to biotin-conjugated lps (biotin-lps) from smooth e. coli (0111:b4), or to fluorescein isothiocya ... | 1990 | 2118560 |
| rap2b: a ras-related gtp-binding protein from platelets. | a platelet cdna expression library was screened with the monoclonal antibody m90, which recognizes a specific epitope on ras-encoded p21 proteins (amino acids 107-130). dna sequence analysis of one clone revealed that it encoded a partial amino acid sequence of a protein closely related to rap2, which we have named rap2b. a repeated screening of the platelet cdna library with an internal ava i fragment of the rap2b cdna allowed the isolation of a full-length cdna for the rap2b sequence. rap2b is ... | 1990 | 2118648 |
| molecular cloning of the baboon interferon-gamma cdna. | interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) is a cytokine produced by t lymphocytes and natural killer cells which has a key function in resistance against infections. baboon (papio anubis) ifn-gamma was produced by stimulation of baboon splenocytes with a lysate of staphylococcus aureus. this interferon was active on human cells and could be seroneutralized with a polyclonal antiserum against human ifn-gamma, but not with antisera against human interferon-alpha and interferon-beta. poly(a)(+)-rna was isolated ... | 1990 | 2118970 |
| the humoral response to heat shock protein 70 in human and murine schistosomiasis mansoni. | we have expressed two cdna sequences encoding 121 and 230 amino acids of the c-terminus of the schistosoma mansoni hsp 70 in escherichia coli. the products were synthesized as polypeptides fused to the rna polymerase of bacteriophage ms2, and their reactivities were tested in elisas, using sera from human and murine infections. anti-hsp70 antibodies were detected in a significant number of individuals suffering from chronic schistosomiasis mansoni, but not in patients with known recent infection ... | 1990 | 2119491 |
| analysis of the substrate binding sites of human galactosyltransferase by protein engineering. | an expression vector, pin-gt, encoding the soluble form of beta 1,4-galactosyltransferase (gt) has been constructed from human gt cdnas and the pin-iii-ompa2 expression vector. escherichia coli strain sb221 harboring the pin-gt plasmid produces and secretes a fusion protein consisting of the ompa signal and gt. the expression of gt was detected by assaying enzymatic activity as well as by western blotting using anti-gt antibodies. the recombinant gt was purified to homogeneity by n-acetylglucosa ... | 1990 | 2120039 |
| mutational analysis of the c-terminus of human interferon-gamma. | we have developed an expression/mutagenesis system and a series of screening procedures for the study of structure-function relationships in human interferon-gamma (huifn-gamma). here we report a preliminary evaluation of the c-terminal portion of the molecule. an expression vector, p652trp gamma, was constructed which includes (i) the huifn-gamma gene under control of the trp promoter, (ii) elements controlling replication of both single- and double-stranded versions of the vector dna; and (iii ... | 1990 | 2120696 |
| the catalytic domain of the neurofibromatosis type 1 gene product stimulates ras gtpase and complements ira mutants of s. cerevisiae. | sequencing of the neurofibromatosis gene (nf1) revealed a striking similarity among nf1, yeast ira proteins, and mammalian gap (gtpase-activating protein). using both genetic and biochemical assays, we demonstrate that this homology domain of the nf1 protein interacts with ras proteins. first, expression of this nf1 domain suppressed the heat shock-sensitive phenotype of yeast ira1 and ira2 mutants. second, this nf1 domain, after purification as a glutathione s-transferase (gst) fusion protein, ... | 1990 | 2121369 |
| gene-scrambling mutagenesis: generation and analysis of insertional mutations in the alginate regulatory region of pseudomonas aeruginosa. | a novel method for random mutagenesis of targeted chromosomal regions in pseudomona aeruginosa was developed. this method can be used with a cloned dna fragment of indefinite size that contains a putative gene of interest. cloned dna is digested to produce small fragments that are then randomly reassembled into long dna inserts by using cosmid vectors and lambda packaging reaction. this dna is then transferred into p. aeruginosa and forced into the chromosome via homologous recombination, produc ... | 1990 | 2121708 |
| genomic analysis of sequence variation in tandemly repeated dna. evidence for localized homogeneous sequence domains within arrays of alpha-satellite dna. | as a model to examine the local distribution of sequence variation within large arrays of tandemly repeated dna in complex genomes, the long-range organization of alpha-satellite dna from human chromosome 17 was investigated. three individual chromosomes, representing different alpha-satellite haplotypes, were segregated into mouse and human somatic cell hybrids and their arrays sized by pulse-field gel electrophoresis. an inventory of the higher-order repeat units found in multiple separate reg ... | 1990 | 2122000 |
| expression of biologically active human pre-procorticotropin releasing hormone in e. coli: characterization and purification. | 1. human pre-procorticotropin releasing hormone (crh) was expressed in e. coli strain tg2 as a fusion protein with beta-galactosidase. 2. a 140 kda band which corresponded to beta-galactosidase pre-procrh fusion protein was identified in lysates of tg2 cells harbouring the recombinant plasmid pre-procrh (10-196) [ph ppc (10-196)] after sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and coomassie blue staining. the identity of the fusion protein was confirmed by western blotting and a ... | 1990 | 2124190 |
| anti-il-6 monoclonal antibodies protect against lethal escherichia coli infection and lethal tumor necrosis factor-alpha challenge in mice. | potentially fatal physiologic and metabolic derangements can occur in response to bacterial infection in animals and man. recently it has been shown that alterations in the levels of circulating cytokines such as il-6 and tnf-alpha occur shortly after bacterial challenge. to understand better the role of il-6 in inflammation, we investigated the effects of in vivo anti-mouse il-6 antibody treatment in a mouse model of septic shock. rat anti-mouse il-6 neutralizing mab was produced from splenocyt ... | 1990 | 2124237 |
| in vitro and in vivo (ld50) effects of human lactoferrin on bacteria. | the in vitro and in vivo effects of human lactoferrin (lf), apolf, iron saturated lf and of different iron containing compounds (ferric chloride, ferric sodium citrate) were studied on escherichia coli, salmonella typhi-murium and pseudomonas aeruginosa reference and wild-type strains with well-defined virulence markers (i.e. enterochelin, aerobactin production). lf exert in vitro antibacterial effect, and iron-free vogel-bonner medium proved to be suitable for its determination. the effect of i ... | 1990 | 2124771 |
| expression of separate isoforms of human tau protein: correlation with the tau pattern in brain and effects on tubulin polymerization. | we have expressed six previously cloned isoforms of human microtubule-associated tau protein in escherichia coli and purified them to homogeneity in a biologically active form. they range from 352 to 441 amino acids in length and differ from each other by the presence of three or four tandem repeats in the carboxy-terminal half and by the presence or absence of 29 or 58 amino acid inserts in the amino-terminus. when mixed together they gave a set of six bands on sds-page gels with apparent molec ... | 1990 | 2124967 |
| use of human colostrum in the management of chronic infantile diarrhoea due to enteropathogenic e. coli infection with associated intestinal parasite infestations and undernutrition. | this study reports the management of infants with chronic diarrhoea by colostrum feeding. eight children with chronic diarrhoea, ranging from 9 months to 3 years of age and all from low socio-economic families, formed the basis of this study. they were undernourished and marasmic. stool examination showed enteropathogenic e. coli in all eight cases, ascaris lambricoidis in four, and giardia lamblia in one. patients with chronic diarrhoea, in whom no cause was found were excluded from this study. ... | 1990 | 2126564 |
| cloning and expression of the cdna for a drosophila insulin-degrading enzyme. | we have previously identified and characterized a metalloproteinase from drosophila that cleaves insulin and transforming growth factor-alpha, but not epidermal growth factor, at physiological concentrations. on the basis of enzymatic properties and substrate specificity, this enzyme was identified as the drosophila homolog of the mammalian insulin-degrading enzyme (ide). we now report the cloning and sequencing of the cdna coding for the drosophila ide (dide). northern blot analysis indicates t ... | 1990 | 2126597 |
| sustained in vitro activity of human albumin microspheres containing chlorhexidine dihydrochloride against bacteria from cultures of organisms that cause urinary tract infections. | the potential of chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (ch hcl) incorporated into human albumin microspheres to provide sustained activity in vitro against escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, and pseudomonas aeruginosa from quality controls and from cultures of organisms that cause urinary tract infections was investigated. ch hcl was entrapped into five different formulations of human albumin microspheres. a technique was developed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of these microspheres and o ... | 1990 | 2127344 |
| intracellular expression of hifn alpha genes in escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis directed by staphylokinase signals. | portable expression units for intracellular formation of heterologous proteins in escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis were constructed by inserting the transcription and translation initiation signals of the staphylokinase sak42d gene into the polylinker of plasmid puc18. fusions with atg-gene cassettes coding for mature human interferons (hifn) alpha 1 and alpha 2 resulted in intracellular expression of both proteins in e. coli. the 20 fold lower yield of hifn alpha 2 was not due to unfavora ... | 1990 | 2128332 |
| radio-immunoassay for formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine. i. development and application to assessment of chemotactic peptide production by enteric bacteria. | bacterial chemotactic peptides are low molecular weight peptides which stimulate a wide range of neutrophil functions following binding to specific leucocyte receptors. formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (fmlp) is the major chemotactic peptide in escherichia coli culture supernatants. this paper reports the development and validation of a radio-immunoassay (ria) for fmlp and its application to the analysis of formyl peptide production by enteric bacteria in vitro. the assay was moderately sen ... | 1990 | 2129421 |