| the ribosomal protein p0 of soybean (glycine max l. merr.) has antigenic cross-reactivity to soybean seed lectin. | soybean (glycine max l. merr.) mutants lacking the ability to produce the lectin normally found in soybean seeds (sbl) are designated le-. a protein of higher molecular weight that cross-reacts with antibodies raised to sbl was found at nearly equivalent levels in roots, hypocotyls, and leaves, and at lower levels in cotyledons and dry seeds of both le+ and le- soybean cultivars. earlier work suggested that this protein was a novel lectin. clones isolated from a le- soybean root cdna library pro ... | 1997 | 9207845 |
| identification of cdnas encoding sterol methyl-transferases involved in the second methylation step of plant sterol biosynthesis. | two methyl transfers are involved in the course of plant sterol biosynthesis and responsible for the formation of 24-alkyl sterols (mainly 24-ethyl sterols) which play major roles in plant growth and development. the first methyl transfer applies to cycloartenol, the second one to 24-methylene lophenol. five cdna clones encoding two arabidopsis thaliana, two nicotiana tabacum and one ricinus communis s-adenosyl-l-methionine (adomet) sterol methyltransferases (smt) were isolated. the deduced amin ... | 1997 | 9208946 |
| exposure of infants to phyto-oestrogens from soy-based infant formula. | the isoflavones genistein, daidzein, and their glycosides, found in high concentrations in soybeans and soy-protein foods, may have beneficial effects in the prevention or treatment of many hormone-dependent diseases. because these bioactive phyto-oestrogens possess a wide range of hormonal and non-hormonal activities, it has been suggested that adverse effects may occur in infants fed soy-based formulas. | 1997 | 9217716 |
| secretion of active recombinant phytase from soybean cell-suspension cultures. | phytase, an enzyme that degrades the phosphorus storage compound phytate, has the potential to enhance phosphorus availability in animal diets when engineered into soybean (glycine max) seeds. the phytase gene from aspergillus niger was inserted into soybean transformation plasmids under control of constitutive and seed-specific promoters, with and without a plant signal sequence. suspension cultures were used to confirm phytase expression in soybean cells. phytase mrna was observed in cultures ... | 1997 | 9232886 |
| response of lactating cows to supplemental unsaturated fat and niacin. | responses to supplemental unsaturated fat or niacin in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement were evaluated with 16 lactating holstein cows in a replicated latin square with 4-wk periods. total mixed diets contained (dry matter basis) 25% alfalfa hay, 25% corn silage, and 50% concentrate mixture. diets were the control or the control supplemented with unsaturated fat (3% of dry matter of the total mixed diet from extruded soybeans, which replaced soybean meal and portions of the corn and barley in other ... | 1997 | 9241594 |
| whole cottonseeds or a combination of soybeans and soybeans hulls in the diets of lactating dairy cows. | whole raw soybeans and soybean hulls were evaluated as a dietary replacement for whole cottonseed as determined by rumination and total chewing activity, milk fat percentage, and efficiency of 4% fat-corrected milk (fcm) production. twenty-six holstein dairy cows (14 multiparous; 35 +/- 12 d of lactation) were assigned randomly to one of two total mixed rations (tmr) for 15 wk. the whole cottonseed tmr and the soybean plus soybean hull tmr contained 40% of a 45:55 mixture of alfalfa and corn sil ... | 1997 | 9241596 |
| purification and antifungal activity of a basic 34 kda beta-1,3-glucanase from soybean hypocotyls inoculated with phytophthora sojae f. sp. glycines. | inoculation of soybean (glycine max l. cv. jangyup) hypocotyls with phytophthora sojae f. sp. glycines results in a marked accumulation of some pathogenesis-related (pr) proteins. a basic beta-1,3-glucanase (34 kda) was purified from soybean hypocotyls infected by an incompatible race of p. sojae f. sp. glycines using cm-cellulose cation exchange chromatography and bio-gel p-60 gel filtration. the purified soybean beta-1,3-glucanase cross-reacted with polyclonal antibody raised against a tomato ... | 1997 | 9264030 |
| particle size of roasted soybeans and the effect on milk production of dairy cows. | fifteen cows were used in an experiment with a 5 x 5 replicated latin square design to quantify the effect of particle size of roasted soybeans on milk production and fecal excretion of soybeans. the five experimental periods were each 2 wk long. diets contained (percentage of dry matter) 33% alfalfa silage, 17% corn silage, 30.6% high moisture ear corn, 18% soybeans, and 1.4% mineral supplement. the five dietary treatments included raw whole soybeans or roasted soybeans in four particle sizes ( ... | 1997 | 9276812 |
| the major intrinsic protein family of arabidopsis has 23 members that form three distinct groups with functional aquaporins in each group. | aquaporins, proteins that enhance the permeability of biological membranes to water, are widely distributed in living organisms. they are 26- to 29-kd proteins that belong to the major intrinsic protein (mip) family of channels. by searching the arabidopsis thaliana expressed sequence tag database and by using the polymerase chain reaction with oligonucleotides to conserved plant aquaporin domains, we identified 23 expressed arabidopsis mip genes. eight of these had been previously identified as ... | 1997 | 9276952 |
| structural characterization of the k antigens from rhizobium fredii usda257: evidence for a common structural motif, with strain-specific variation, in the capsular polysaccharides of rhizobium spp. | rhizobium fredii participates in a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with soybeans, in a strain-cultivar-specific interaction, and past studies have shown that the cell surface and extracellular polysaccharides of rhizobia function in the infection process that leads to symbiosis. the structural analysis of the capsular polysaccharides (k antigens) from strain usda257 was performed in this study. the k antigens were extracted from cultured cells with hot phenol-water and purified by size exclusion chrom ... | 1997 | 9286989 |
| purification and characterization of the acid soluble 26-kda polypeptide from soybean seeds. | whey proteins from soybean seeds of japanese varieties were analyzed by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). among 11 varieties of soybean, three green and one black soybeans lacked a 26-kda band that was found in all yellow soybeans. in this paper, the 26-kda protein was named as26k (acid soluble 26-kda protein) temporarily. the as26k protein was purified from glycine max cv. nattosyoryu, which is yellow soybean, through four purification steps: 30-35% saturated ammonium sulfate f ... | 1997 | 9301109 |
| [effect of glycine max lectin on the interaction of prothrombin and erythrocytes]. | native porcine erythrocytes do not initiate blood coagulation, though even the weak association (kd = 4,25 +/- 9,35 microm) of prothrombin with their surface which is limited to the projection of two phospholipid polar head groups onto the external cell membrane, exerts a slight but authentic influence on the acceleration of blood clotting. there are 11.9 x 10(7) sites for 125i-prothrombin on one erythrocytes. at physiological concentration of prothrombin the surface of erythrocytes is far from ... | 1997 | 9312937 |
| response of lactating dairy cows to mechanically processed whole cottonseed. | twenty-four lactating holstein cows averaging 142 +/- 34 d in milk were used in a replicated 4 x 4 latin square trial to determine the effect of processed whole cottonseed on milk yield and nutrient digestibility. fifteen percent of the dry matter content of the experimental diets consisted of whole cottonseed, roasted whole cottonseed, a roasted and pelleted blend of whole cottonseed and soybean meal, or an extruded blend of whole cottonseed and soybeans. apparent digestibilities of dry matter ... | 1997 | 9313148 |
| the effects of dietary soybean versus skim milk protein on plasma and hepatic concentrations of zinc in veal calves. | we assessed the zinc status of veal calves that were fed milk replacers containing either skim milk protein as the sole source of protein or a mixture of skim milk protein and soybean protein. after the milk replacers had been fed for 26 wk, mean body weight gain was 3 kg lower for calves fed the skim milk plus soybean proteins; this decrease was not significant. inclusion of dietary protein from soybeans versus milk protein alone reduced plasma concentrations of zinc by 43% and reduced hepatic ... | 1997 | 9313159 |
| toxicity identification of poultry litter aqueous leachate. | poultry litter is a mixture of excreta, feed, feathers, and bedding material. poultry litter is useful as a fertilizer due to the presence of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. litter is commonly used for growing corn, soybeans, potatoes, tomatoes, leafy vegetables, and cover crops. the aqueous leachate of poultry litter has been shown to exhibit toxicity to a variety of indicator organisms. the objective of this research was to identify classes of toxicants in the litter aqueous leachate. the ... | 1997 | 9316111 |
| production of a baculovirus-derived gp50 protein and utilization in a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the serodiagnosis of pseudorabies virus. | the pseudorabies virus (prv) gp50 envelope glycoprotein gene was cloned and expressed in a recombinant baculovirus. an anti-gp50 mab (1842) recognized a protein of approximately 40 kda in immunoblotting assays from infected insect cell lysates, while this product was not present in cells infected with wild-type baculovirus. the recombinant protein was purified by lectin affinity chromatography, utilizing lectins specific for o-linked oligosaccharides (artocarpus integrifolia and glycine max). co ... | 1997 | 9342453 |
| cell-surface carbohydrates of entamoeba invadens. | cell-surface carbohydrates of entamoeba invadens trophozoites were analyzed using (a) a panel of highly purified lectins specific for molecules containing n-acetylglucosamine or sialic acid, n-acetylgalactosamine, galactose, mannose-like residues, and fucose; (b) escherichia coli k-12 with mannose-sensitive fimbria; (c) enzymatic digestion; and (d) scanning electron microscopy. the presence of galactose (d-gal) and n-acetylgalactosamine (d-galnac) was detected in the amoeba. previous trypsinizat ... | 1997 | 9342747 |
| soy feeding induces phase ii enzymes in rat tissues. | the ability of soy to induce phase ii detoxification enzymes was evaluated in male sprague-dawley rats. soybeans contain biologically active compounds that are known inducers of phase ii enzyme activity. rats were fed soy flour (sf) or soy protein isolate (spi) to provide 75% of total protein as soy. rats were given free access to food for one- and two-week periods before enzyme activity was compared with that of casein control groups (ain-93g). hepatic glutathione s-transferase (gst) activity w ... | 1997 | 9343836 |
| assessment of postruminal amino acid digestibility of roasted and extruded whole soybeans with the precision-fed rooster assay. | the objectives of these studies were to predict the effects of roasting and extrusion temperatures of whole soybeans (sb) on intestinal protein digestibility in cattle. intestinal digestibility was assessed with a two-stage in vitro or in situ ruminal incubation/precision-fed cecectomized rooster bioassay. in exp. 1, whole sb (raw sb or sb roasted to 141, 149, or 157 degrees c exit temperature from a commercial roaster and steeped for 30 min) were incubated in strained ruminal fluid and mcdougal ... | 1997 | 9374321 |
| a comparative survey of leguminous plants as sources of the isoflavones, genistein and daidzein: implications for human nutrition and health. | over 80 taxa of mostly agriculturally important legumes were surveyed as sources of the metabolites, genistein and daidzein. remarkably high concentrations (over 2 g.kg-1 dry weight) of the anticancer metabolite, genistein, were found in the leaves of psoralea corylifolia (indian bread root). all other legumes, with the exception of fermented soybean miso, had genistein levels < 400 mg.kg-1 dry weight. concentrations of over 1 g.kg-1 dry weight and 0.95 g.kg-1 dry weight of the anticancer metabo ... | 1997 | 9395689 |
| dietary soybeans extruded at different temperatures: milk composition and in situ fatty acid reactions. | twenty-four multiparous holstein cows, 4 of which were ruminally fistulated, were assigned to one of four diets containing full-fat soybeans, either raw or extruded at 120, 130, or 140 degrees c. our hypothesis was that the extrusion of full-fat soybeans, as well as the extrusion temperature, would affect the bypass of fatty acids in the rumen and, thus, would modify the fatty acid profile of milk fat. total mixed diets containing 23.7% soybeans (percentage of dm) were fed for 8 wk. milk yield w ... | 1997 | 9406085 |
| [dynamics of bacteria from the phyllosphere and leaves of soy (glycine max l. merrill) in field conditions]. | the surfaces of aerial plant provide a habitat for epiphitic microorganisms many of which are capable of influencing the growth of pathogens. in this study, fluctuation of bacterial population occurring in different growth stages of soybean leaves (glycine max l merrill) was examined using the dilution plate method. three culture media were applied; invariably, the numbers of bacteria increased with increasing plant age. the total number of bacteria living on the detached leaves were ten times h ... | 1997 | 9411487 |
| lectin binding sites on cd34+ human haematopoietic stem cells and lymphocytes from peripheral blood: an ultrastructural post-embedding study. | this study was performed to obtain a better insight into the glycosylation pattern of human cd34+ haematopoietic stem cells and lymphocytes from peripheral blood using an ultrastructural post-embedding technique. lectins applied were derived from canavalia ensiformis (con a), triticum vulgare (wga), lycopersicon esculentum (lea), limulus polyphemus (lpa), ulex europaeus-i (uea-i), bauhinia purpurea (bpa), glycine max (sba), helix pomatia (hpa), arachis hypogaea (pna) and erythrina cristagalli (e ... | 1997 | 9413743 |
| association of caffeoyl coenzyme a 3-o-methyltransferase expression with lignifying tissues in several dicot plants. | caffeoyl coenzyme a 3-o-methyltransferase (ccoaomt) was previously shown to be associated with lignification in both in vitro tracheary elements (tes) and organs of zinnia (zinnia elegans). however, it is not known whether this is a general pattern in dicot plants. to address this question, polyclonal antibodies against zinnia recombinant ccoaomt fusion protein were raiseed and used for immunolocalization in several dicot plants. the antibodies predominantly recognized a protein band with a mole ... | 1997 | 9414548 |
| detection of cross-reactive antigens shared by fusarium oxysporum and glycine max by indirect elisa and their cellular location in root tissues. | pathogenicity test of fusarium oxysporum on ten cultivars of soybean revealed soymax and punjab-1 to be most resistant while js-2 and upsm-19 were most susceptible. antigens were prepared from the roots of all the ten varieties of soybean and the mycelium of f. oxysporum. polyclonal antisera were raised against the mycelial suspension of f. oxysporum and the root antigen of the susceptible cultivar upsm-19. cross reactive antigens shared by the host and the pathogen were detected first by immuno ... | 1997 | 9438359 |
| identification of two cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase cdnas from soybean leaves and characterization of their products by functional expression in e. coli. | screening of a cdna library from soybean (glycine max (l.) merr. cv. century) with probes based upon cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase (apx; ec 1.11.1.11) genes identified two full-length clones (soyapx1, soyapx2) apparently encoding for different soybean leaf cytosolic apxs. the deduced amino acid sequences of the two apx cdna products differed in 13 of the 250 amino acids. the soyapx1 cdna was identical to the cytosolic apx cdna previously found in soybean root nodules. escherichia coli expressio ... | 1998 | 9443387 |
| inhibitory effect of soybean hypocotyls on epstein-barr virus early antigen induction and skin tumor promotion. | the in vitro anti-tumor promoting effect of hypocotyls from fresh soybeans was evaluated. the dimethyl sulfoxide extracts of hypocotyls showed a stronger inhibitory effect than that of soybeans on epstein-barr virus early antigen activation induced by 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. daidzin, an isoflavone with the highest content of hypocotyls, was also inhibitory. an in vivo evaluation of anti-tumor promoting activity of hypocotyls against the skin of mice also revealed a significant inhi ... | 1997 | 9459174 |
| anti-thyroid isoflavones from soybean: isolation, characterization, and mechanisms of action. | the soybean has been implicated in diet-induced goiter by many studies. the extensive consumption of soy products in infant formulas and in vegetarian diets makes it essential to define the goitrogenic potential. in this report, it was observed that an acidic methanolic extract of soybeans contains compounds that inhibit thyroid peroxidase- (tpo) catalyzed reactions essential to thyroid hormone synthesis. analysis of the soybean extract using hplc, uv-vis spectrophotometry, and lc-ms led to iden ... | 1997 | 9464451 |
| the chemopreventive properties of soy isoflavonoids in animal models of breast cancer. | genistein (5,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone), one of two major isoflavonoids in soy, has anti-proliferative effects on mitogen-stimulated cell growth of human breast cancer cells in culture and is a candidate for use in the prevention of breast cancer. soy protein preparations containing isoflavonoid conjugates have chemopreventive activity in carcinogen-induced rat models of breast cancer. recent experiments in these models with purified genistein have revealed that the timing of the exposure of rat ... | 1997 | 9478272 |
| oxidative burst and hypoosmotic stress in tobacco cell suspensions | oxidative burst constitutes an early response in plant defense reactions toward pathogens, but active oxygen production may also be induced by other stimuli. the oxidative response of suspension-cultured tobacco (nicotiana tabacum cv xanthi) cells to hypoosmotic and mechanical stresses was characterized. the oxidase involved in the hypoosmotic stress response showed similarities by its nadph dependence and its inhibition by iodonium diphenyl with the neutrophil nadph oxidase. activation of the o ... | 1998 | 9490766 |
| hplc analysis of isoflavonoids and other phenolic agents from foods and from human fluids. | a fast, precise and selective diode array hplc method is presented for the extraction and analysis of soy isoflavonoids from foods and from human urine, plasma, and breast milk in support of mechanistic and epidemiologic studies assessing the potential cancer protective role of soya or isoflavones. solid phase or solvent extraction was chosen for isolation, and enzymatic or acid hydrolysis procedures were used for aglycone production depending on the matrix to be analyzed. c-18 reversed-phase hp ... | 1998 | 9492334 |
| supplemental fat and nicotinic acid for holstein cows during an entire lactation. | the objectives of this experiment were to determine long-term responses to supplemental fat (from whole soybeans and liquid animal fat) and to determine whether the supplementation of nicotinic acid would enhance milk protein content or yield. from wk 4 through 43 postpartum, 44 multiparous holstein cows (10 to 12 per treatment) were assigned to one of four dietary treatments: 1) control, 2) control plus 12 g/d of nicotinic acid, 3) supplemental fat, and 4) supplemental fat plus 12 g/d of nicoti ... | 1998 | 9493095 |
| nitrogen utilization in pigs fed diets with soybean and rapeseed products leading to different ileal endogenous nitrogen losses. | nitrogen (n) balance was determined in 36 pigs (bw 24 to 30 kg) fed diets inducing different ileal endogenous n losses (enl). we tested the hypothesis that enhanced enl may be indicative of a higher recycling of endogenous proteins that will induce a greater urinary n loss and a lower efficiency of the dietary n utilization for retention. the cornstarch-based diets contained either soy concentrate (sc), soybean meal (sbm), a mixture of toasted and untoasted soybean meal (msbm), dehulled-toasted ... | 1998 | 9498367 |
| chemoprevention of n-nitroso-n-methylurea-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis by soy foods or biochanin a. | we examined the effects of soybeans, a soy product (miso) and biochanin a, an isoflavone derivative, on n-nitroso-n-methylurea (mnu)-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis. seven-week-old female cd/crj rats received a single i.v. dose (40 mg/kg body weight) of mnu. after administration of mnu, rats were fed diet containing 0% (control), 2% or 10% soybeans, or 10% miso as a soy-supplemented diet, or 10 or 50 mg/kg biochanin a. all rats were observed for 18 weeks after mnu administration. at 18 weeks, ... | 1998 | 9548440 |
| influence of nonenzymatically browned soybeans on ruminal fermentation and lactational performance of dairy cows. | four ruminally fistulated holstein cows were assigned to one of four total mixed rations (tmr) in a 4 x 4 latin square with 3-wk periods to investigate the effects of added lipid from nonenzymatically browned soybeans or soybean oil on ruminal metabolism and milk fatty acids. all rations contained 50% forage and 1) 4% added lipid from soybean oil, 2) 4 or 6% added lipid from nonenzymatically browned soybeans, or 3) no added lipid (control). the tmr that contained nonenzymatically browned soybean ... | 1998 | 9594393 |
| fatty acid flow to the duodenum and in milk from cows fed diets that contained fat and nicotinic acid. | four cows fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in a 4 x 4 latin square design; treatments were arranged in a 2 x 2 factorial. treatments were 1) low fat diet, no nicotinic acid; 2) low fat diet, 12 g/d of nicotinic acid; 3) high fat diet, no nicotinic acid; and 4) high fat diet, 12 g/d of nicotinic acid. cows were fed for ad libitum intake diets consisting of 35% alfalfa silage, 15% corn silage, and either 50% low fat concentrate or 40% high fat concentrate (tallow supplied 6.25% ... | 1998 | 9594396 |
| genotypic characterization of bradyrhizobium strains nodulating endemic woody legumes of the canary islands by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of genes encoding 16s rrna (16s rdna) and 16s-23s rdna intergenic spacers, repetitive extragenic palindromic pcr genomic fingerprinting, and partial 16s rdna sequencing. | we present a phylogenetic analysis of nine strains of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated from nodules of tagasaste (chamaecytisus proliferus) and other endemic woody legumes of the canary islands, spain. these and several reference strains were characterized genotypically at different levels of taxonomic resolution by computer-assisted analysis of 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (pcr-rflps), 16s-23s rdna intergenic spacer (igs) rflps, and repetitiv ... | 1998 | 9603820 |
| radioimmunoassay of free genistein in human serum. | two radioimmunoassay (ria) systems for genistein have been established, based on polyclonal antibodies against genistein-4'-o-(carboxymethyl)ether-bovine serum albumin and genistein-7-o-(carboxymethyl)ether-bovine serum albumin conjugates. the sensitivities of assays were 4.44 and 10.4 fmol (1.2 and 2.8 pg)/tube, respectively, the intraassay coefficients of variation ranged from 3.54 to 9.30%, the interassay c.v. varied from 6.72 to 19.7%, depending on the type of method and on genistein concent ... | 1998 | 9618027 |
| sire-1, a copia/ty1-like retroelement from soybean, encodes a retroviral envelope-like protein. | the soybean genome hosts a family of several hundred, relatively homogeneous copies of a large, copia/ty1-like retroelement designated sire-1. a copy of this element has been recovered from a glycine max genomic library. dna sequence analysis of two sire-1 subclones revealed that sire-1 contains a long, uninterrupted, orf between the 3' end of the pol orf and the 3' long terminal repeat (ltr), a region that harbors the env gene in retroviral genomes. conceptual translation of this second orf pro ... | 1998 | 9618510 |
| release of flavonoids by the soybean cultivars mccall and peking and their perception as signals by the nitrogen-fixing symbiont sinorhizobium fredii | sinorhizobium fredii strain usda191 forms n-fixing nodules on the soybean (glycine max l. merr.) cultivars (cvs) mccall and peking, but s. fredii strain usda257 nodulates only cv peking. we wondered whether specificity in this system is conditioned by the release of unique flavonoid signals from one of the cultivars or by differential perception of signals by the strains. we isolated flavonoids and used nodc and nolx, which are nod-box-dependent and -independent nod genes, respectively, to deter ... | 1998 | 9625713 |
| soybeans transformed with a fungal phytase gene improve phosphorus availability for broilers. | male broilers (n = 416) were used to compare the efficacy of providing dietary phytase either as a commercial supplement or as a recombinant protein in transformed soybean. from 7 to 21 d of age, broilers were fed a basal diet containing 0.20% nonphytate p (np) with additional supplementation by fungal phytase as natuphos or as raw transformed soybeans expressing recombinant phytase at 400, 800, or 1,200 u/kg. for comparison, broilers were also fed the basal diet containing 0.08, 0.16, or 0.24 a ... | 1998 | 9628538 |
| identification of elicitor-induced cytochrome p450s of soybean (glycine max l.) using differential display of mrna. | elicitor-inducible glyceollin biosynthesis in soybean depends on five presumably transcriptionally regulated cytochrome p450-dependent enzymes (p450s). in order to isolate corresponding cdna clones, we devised a novel polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based approach targeting p450s that are transcriptionally activated under glyceollin-inducing conditions. the differential display of mrna (dd-rt-pcr) technique was performed with upstream primers based on the conserved heme-binding region of p450s, ... | 1998 | 9648734 |
| composition and functional properties of protein isolates obtained from commercial legumes grown in northern spain. | pea (pisum sativum), faba bean (vicia faba) and soybean (glycine max) seeds were characterized, and protein isolates were prepared following an isoelectric point precipitation procedure. soybean seeds showed the highest protein content (36.7%) and carbohydrate was the major constituent in the pea (59.4%) and the faba bean seeds (52.1%). protein contents were higher than 80% in all the protein isolates. the amino acid contents in the protein isolates were, in general, higher than those in their o ... | 1997 | 9650726 |
| effect of soy-fortification method on the fermentation characteristics and nutritional quality of fermented maize meal. | studies were conducted to develop an appropriate household/small-scale enterprise level technique for the production of soy-fortified fermented maize dough (or meal) by comparing different treatments, processing methods and fortification levels. the effects of fortification method of the ghanaian traditional fermented maize dough with raw or heat-treated whole soybeans and full-fat soyflour at 0%, 10% and 20% replacement levels, on the rate of fermentation and product quality were investigated. ... | 1997 | 9650729 |
| mesenchymal changes associated with retinoic acid induced cleft palate in cd-1 mice. | retinoic acid (ra) is teratogenic in many species and is an effective inducer of cleft palate in mice. the pathogenesis of cleft formation varies with the timing of exposure. it has been demonstrated, before formation of the palatal shelves, that ra exposure results in insufficient mesenchymal tissue, and palatal shelves fail to make contact. however, at the palatal shelf outgrowth stage, ra exposure affects shelf elevation and growth in rats, and possibly medial edge epithelium (mee) differenti ... | 1998 | 9672841 |
| [germination of soybeans br-13 and paraná: effects on mineral constituents]. | the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of germination on the minerals constituents (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, copper, iron, manganese and zinc) of soybean. for the assays the soybean cultivars-glycine max (l) merril-br-13 and paraná were used. these were germinated in camera of germination at 25 degrees c and 100% of moisture, from 0 to 72 hours, collecting the samples in intervals of 6 hours. the analysis of variance and comparison among the means indicated that ... | 1997 | 9673696 |
| dietary soy intake and urinary isoflavone excretion among women from a multiethnic population. | isoflavones are present in soybeans and its products in concentrations up to 300 mg/100 g, have estrogenic and antiestrogenic properties, and may be protective against hormone-related cancers. the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between urinary isoflavone excretion and self-reported soy intake. a total of 102 women of caucasian, native hawaiian, chinese, japanese, and filipino ancestry completed a dietary questionnaire for soy products consumed during the ... | 1998 | 9681530 |
| distribution patterns of 104 kda stress-associated protein in rice. | a 104 kda protein (sap 104) accumulates in rice seedlings in response to several abiotic stress conditions and immunological homologues of rice sap 104 have been detected in several monocot and dicot species, as also neurospora crassa, a fungus. in this report, we show that the amino acid sequence of a tryptic peptide generated from purified sap 104 bears significant homology with an atp-binding domain of the hsp 100 family proteins of arabidopsis thaliana and glycine max. it is further shown th ... | 1998 | 9700064 |
| genetic characterization of a mutant of sinorhizobium fredii strain usda208 with enhanced competitive ability for nodulation of soybean, glycine max (l.) merr. | sinorhizobium fredii strain usda208 is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium that forms nodules on roots of soybean and other legume plants. we previously found that the tn5-containing mutant 208t3, which was derived from strain usda208, is both deficient in production of exopolysaccharides and more competitive than the wild-type strain in competing against other rhizobia for nodulation of soybean. we now demonstrate that the transposon insertion of the mutant lies in a locus that is highly homologous to ... | 1998 | 9711859 |
| regulation of gmnrt2 expression and nitrate transport activity in roots of soybean (glycine max). | a full-length cdna, gmnrt2, encoding a putative high-affinity nitrate transporter was isolated from a glycine max (l.) root cdna library and sequenced. the deduced gmnrt2 protein is 530 amino acids in length and contains 12 putative membrane-spanning domains and a long, hydrophilic c-terminal domain. gmnrt2 is related to high-affinity nitrate transporters in the eukaryotes chlamydomonas reinhardtii and aspergillus nidulans, and to putative high-affinity nitrate transporters in barley and tobacco ... | 1998 | 9715532 |
| molecular characterization and functional expression of dihydroxypterocarpan 6a-hydroxylase, an enzyme specific for pterocarpanoid phytoalexin biosynthesis in soybean (glycine max l.). | four cytochrome p450-dependent enzymes, among them dihydroxypterocarpan 6a-hydroxylase (d6ah), are specifically involved in the elicitor-inducible biosynthesis of glyceollins, the phytoalexins of soybean. here we report that cyp93a1 cdna, which we isolated previously from elicitor-induced soybean cells, codes for a protein with d6ah activity. analysis of the catalytic properties of recombinant cyp93a1 expressed in yeast, its nadph dependency, stereoselectivity and high substrate affinity confirm ... | 1998 | 9720921 |
| characterization of the hrpc and hrprs operons of pseudomonas syringae pathovars syringae, tomato, and glycinea and analysis of the ability of hrpf, hrpg, hrcc, hrpt, and hrpv mutants to elicit the hypersensitive response and disease in plants. | the species pseudomonas syringae encompasses plant pathogens with differing host specificities and corresponding pathovar designations. p. syringae requires the hrp (type iii protein secretion) system, encoded by a 25-kb cluster of hrp and hrc genes, in order to elicit the hypersensitive response (hr) in nonhosts or to be pathogenic in hosts. dna sequence analysis of the hrpc and hrprs operons of p. syringae pv. syringae 61 (brown spot of beans), p. syringae pv. glycinea u1 (bacterial blight of ... | 1998 | 9721291 |
| [feed intake and milk production in dairy cows fed whole fat soybeans]. | in two experiments (e 1, e 2) two different basic diets were fed to 36 diary cows with addition of 1 or 2 kg of full fat soya beans (sb) or without sb for six weeks. the cows were fed individually. the basic diet consisted of 49% grass silage, 23% maize silage and 21% hay, supplemented with 7% manioc (% dm) in e 1 and of grass, supplemented with 2.0 kg maize silage, 3.0 kg hay and 1.5 kg manioc (kg dm/cow.d) in e 2. the basic diet used in e 1 and the grass in e 2 were offered ad libitum. further ... | 1997 | 9735101 |
| genetic engineering for high methionine grain legumes. | methionine (met) is the primary limiting essential amino acid in grain legumes. the imbalance in amino acid composition restricts their biological value (bv) to 55 to 75% of that of animal protein. so far improvement of the bv could not be achieved by conventional breeding. therefore, genetic engineering was employed by several laboratories to resolve the problem. three strategies have been followed. a) engineering for increased free met levels; b) engineering of endogenous storage proteins with ... | 1998 | 9739551 |
| exopolysaccharide (eps) synthesis in bradyrhizobium japonicum: sequence, operon structure and mutational analysis of an exo gene cluster. | the nucleotide sequence of a 8330-bp dna fragment from bradyrhizobium japonicum 110spc4 was determined. sequence analysis revealed that six orfs were present and the deduced amino acid sequences were homologous to enzymes involved in exopolysaccharide (eps) biosynthesis. the genes appear to be organized into at least four different operons. one gene was found to be homologous to exob, which encodes a udp-galactose 4'-epimerase. other orfs were homologous to udp-hexose transferases and one orf sh ... | 1998 | 9747707 |
| tissue- and stage-specific expression of a soybean (glycine max l.) seed-maturation, biotinylated protein. | a cdna clone gmpm4 which encodes mrna species in mature or dry soybean seeds was characterized. dna sequence analysis shows that the deduced polypeptides have a molecular mass of 68 kda. gmpm4 proteins have a relatively high amino acid sequence homology with a major biotinylated protein isolated from pea seeds, sbp65, but both of these proteins differ markedly from that of presently known biotin enzymes. the accumulation of gmpm4 mrna is detectable in the leaf primodium and the vascular tissues ... | 1998 | 9747855 |
| genistein induces p21(cip1/waf1) expression and blocks the g1 to s phase transition in mouse fibroblast and melanoma cells. | genistein, the principal isoflavonoid in soybeans, is reported to inhibit cell cycle progression, but the molecular basis for this event is unknown. here we show that genistein inhibits dna synthesis and suppresses cyclin e-associated cyclin-dependent kinase-2 (cdk2) activity when quiescent balb/c 3t3 fibroblasts are stimulated with serum. in these cells, a cdk2 inhibitor, p21(cip1/waf1), is markedly increased by genistein, but another cdk2 inhibitor, p27(kip1), is not increased. in exponentiall ... | 1998 | 9790949 |
| nutritional evaluation of zambia indigenous soy bean (glycine max) and sunflower (helianthus annus) as protein sources in poultry and pigs diets. | two trials were carried out to compare the nutritional values of two zambian indigenous plant protein sources--soy bean cake (sbc) and sunflower meal (sfm) in the diets of broilers and growing pigs. in trial 1, 120 one week old chickens (abbor acre strain) were used. there were no differences (p > 0.05) between chickens on sbc and sfm in voluntary feed intake. average daily gain of sbc chickens differed (p < 0.05) from those of sfm. the protein source had an effect (p < 0.05) on n retained [g/da ... | 1998 | 9829266 |
| potentiation of the oxidative burst and isoflavonoid phytoalexin accumulation by serine protease inhibitors | treatment of soybean (glycine max l. cv williams 82) cell-suspension cultures with pseudomonas syringae pv glycinea (psg) harboring an avirulence gene (avra) or with yeast elicitor resulted in an oxidative burst characterized by the accumulation of h2o2. this burst, and the resultant induction of glutathione s-transferase transcripts, occurred more rapidly and was more prolonged if cells were simultaneously treated with serine protease inhibitors such as phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (pmsf) or d ... | 1998 | 9847125 |
| prevention of precancerous colonic lesions in rats by soy flakes, soy flour, genistein, and calcium. | the main purpose of this research was to determine whether diets containing soy products would inhibit the early stages of azoxymethane-induced colon cancer in f344 rats. additional objectives were to determine whether feeding starch instead of sucrose, feeding additional calcium (0.5% compared with 0.1%), or feeding a low-fiber powdered enteral formula would influence early colon carcinogenesis. colon cancer was initiated with 2 injections of azoxymethane (15 mg/kg body wt) and a 12-wk dietary ... | 1998 | 9848506 |
| the bowman-birk inhibitor from soybeans as an anticarcinogenic agent. | certain protease inhibitors are effective at preventing or suppressing carcinogen-induced transformation in vitro and carcinogenesis in animal model systems. one protease inhibitor, the soybean-derived bowman-birk inhibitor (bbi) is particularly effective in suppressing carcinogenesis. bbi is a protein of a molecular weight of 8000 with a well-characterized ability to inhibit trypsin and chymotrypsin. bbi has been extensively studied, both as purified bbi and as an extract of soybeans enriched i ... | 1998 | 9848508 |
| genistein induces maturation of cultured human breast cancer cells and prevents tumor growth in nude mice. | results of recent studies in animal models of mammary carcinogenesis showed that the soybean isoflavone genistein is a chemopreventive agent. the objective of the present study was to determine whether soybean isoflavones can be used for the prevention of human breast carcinogenesis. human adenocarcinoma cells that are either estrogen-receptor positive (such as mcf-7) or estrogen-receptor negative (such as mda-mb-468) were used as our model system. treatment of these cells with genistein concent ... | 1998 | 9848511 |
| effects of soy-protein supplementation on epithelial proliferation in the histologically normal human breast. | a high dietary intake of soy products (eg, as in japan and singapore) has been associated with a reduction in the incidence of breast cancer in premenopausal women. phytoestrogens present in soybeans inhibit human breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro and breast cancer development in animal models, but no data exist on the effects of phytoestrogens on histologically normal human breasts. this study examines the effects of dietary soy supplementation on the proliferation rate of premenopausal ... | 1998 | 9848512 |
| use of soy-protein formulas and soyfood for feeding infants and children in asia. | soybeans have been cultivated and consumed in asia for many centuries. soy products can be found in all households in asian countries, and asian children begin to consume soy formulas and soy products at a very young age. in a study of soy exposure in a group of healthy singaporean children < 10 y of age, 70% had consumed soy products and of those > 95% had consumed soy products before the age of 18 mo. soy products are commonly used as food flavorings and for weaning asian children with lactose ... | 1998 | 9848514 |
| isoflavones in human breast milk and other biological fluids. | we established a method for using hplc and diode-array ultraviolet scanning to quantitate soy isoflavonoids in foods and in human plasma, urine, and breast milk. the analytes occurring as glycoside conjugates were hydrolyzed enzymatically before hplc analysis if extracted from biological matrices or were subjected to direct hplc analysis after extraction from foods. we monitored the isoflavones daidzein, genistein, glycitein, formononetin, and biochanin-a and their mammalian metabolites equol an ... | 1998 | 9848518 |
| cloning of genes by mrna differential display induced during the hypersensitive reaction of soybean after inoculation with pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea. | soybean (glycine max [l.] merr.) cell suspension cultures (cv. williams 82) inoculated with the pathogenic bacteria pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea respond with a hypersensitive reaction (hr) when the bacteria express the avirulence gene avra. a mrna differential display was established for this system to allow the identification of genes induced during the hr. six pcr-fragments (dd1-dd6) from the differential display analysis were identified, which are induced during the hr. database searches ... | 1998 | 9869427 |
| comparative anticancer effects of vaccination and dietary factors on experimentally-induced cancers. | the role of two major factors were analyzed in the prevention of experimentally-induced cancers: a) vaccination of animals with polyclonal igg generated against the soluble p53 antigen and b) feeding of animals with diets rich with dietary fibers or fat. a) in vaccination, a few attempts have been made to utilize p53 protein as a tumor suppressor. igg generated against the cytoplasmic, soluble p53 antigen from tumor-bearing rats prevents the carcinogenic effect of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (dmh) dec ... | 1998 | 9891232 |
| elevation of conjugated cis-9, trans-11-octadecadienoic acid in bovine milk because of dietary supplementation. | cows on pasture were fed full fat soybeans (toasted, flaked, and pelleted) or ground full fat rapeseeds to investigate effects on cis-9, trans-11-octadecadienoic acid in milk. three herds of 16 cows each that were on pasture were fed 3.1 kg/d of unmolassed beet pulp (control), 3.0 kg/d of rapeseed concentrate, or 3.1 kg/d of a soybean supplement. the concentration of cis-9, trans-11-octadecadienoic acid in the milk of cows fed the rapeseed and soybean supplements was significantly higher than in ... | 1998 | 9891271 |
| allergy to lentils in mediterranean pediatric patients. | peanuts and soybeans are the major legumes involved in human food allergy; however, scarce data exist on adverse reactions to other temperate legumes, such as lentils. | 1999 | 9893199 |
| genome size determination in peronosporales (oomycota) by feulgen image analysis. | genome size was determined, by nuclear feulgen staining and image analysis, in 46 accessions of 31 species of peronosporales (oomycota), including important plant pathogens such as bremia lactucae, plasmopara viticola, pseudoperonospora cubensis, and pseudoperonospora humuli. the 1c dna contents ranged from 0.046 (45. 6 mb) to 0.163 pg (159.9 mb). this is 0.041- to 0.144-fold that of glycine max (soybean, 1c = 1.134 pg), which was used as an internal standard for genome size determination. the l ... | 1998 | 9917372 |
| characterization of surface saccharides in two corynebacterium diphtheriae strains. | two corynebacterium diphtheriae strains were analyzed by assays employing a battery of highly purified fluorescent lectins. from 22 lectins tested only seven with affinity to receptor molecules containing n-acetylglucosamine (d-glcnac), n-acetylgalactosamine (d-galnac), galactose (d-gal), mannose-like (d-man-like) and sialic acid residues showed positive fluorescent labeling. a higher reactivity of triticum vulgaris (wga), which binds to sialic acid and/or beta-d-glcnac-containing residues, and ... | 1999 | 9919665 |
| thermoregulated expression and characterization of an nad(p)h-dependent 2-cyclohexen-1-one reductase in the plant pathogenic bacterium pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea. | the phytopathogenic bacterium pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea pg4180.n9 causes bacterial blight of soybeans and preferably infects its host plant during periods of cold, humid weather conditions. to identify proteins differentially expressed at low temperatures, total cellular protein fractions derived from pg4180.n9 grown at 18 and 28 degreesc were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. of several proteins which appeared to be preferentially present at 18 degreesc, a 40-kda protein ... | 1999 | 9922244 |
| gas production in human ingesting a soybean flour derived from beans naturally low in oligosaccharides. | ingestion of soy products may cause excessive intestinal gas. this gas results from colonic bacterial fermentation of the indigestible oligosaccharides raffinose and stachyose, which are present in high concentrations in legumes. | 1999 | 9925135 |
| chronic dietary toxicity/oncogenicity studies on 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid in rodents. | 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid (2,4-db) is principally used in the united states on peanuts, soybeans, and alfalfa. in europe, it is used on cereals, undersown cereals, lucerne (alfalfa), clover, and clover mixtures. doses in the 2-year chronic/oncogenicity rat study were 0, 60, 600, and 1800 ppm. no evidence of an oncogenic potential for 2,4-db was evident and the study clearly established a noel of 2.48 mg/kg/day (60 ppm, males) and 3.23 mg/kg/day (60 ppm, females), as well as an mtd of 78.0 ... | 1998 | 9928665 |
| chronic dietary toxicity study on 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid in the dog. | 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid (2,4-db) is principally used in the united states as a herbicide on peanuts, soybeans, and alfalfa. in europe, it is used on cereals, undersown cereals, lucerne (alfalfa), clover, and clover mixtures. a 1-year chronic toxicity study in the dog was performed on 2,4-db. doses in the study of 0, 75, 225, and 450 ppm were administered to six animals/sex/group. the top dose was reduced from 675 ppm during week 7 of the study due to body weight loss and decreased food c ... | 1998 | 9928676 |
| impact of microwave heating on hemagglutinins, trypsin inhibitors and protein quality of selected legume seeds. | selected legume seeds (dry and soaked) including faba beans, peas, chickpeas, soybeans, lentils and common beans containing 8 and 25% moisture, respectively, were subjected to microwave heating, and to a conventional cooking method to determine the heating effect on toxic compounds and protein quality. trypsin inhibitors, hemagglutinins and available lysine were analyzed, and laboratory rats were used to determine digestibility and protein efficiency ratio (per). results indicated that microwavi ... | 1998 | 9950081 |
| yield, protein, and oil quality of soybean genotypes selected for tofu production. | the soyfood industry prefers some soybean [(glycine max l. (merr.)] cultivars over others based on chemical constituents, physical traits, and processing quality of the seed. however, soybean cultivars possessing the combination of desirable agronomic traits and biochemical characteristics that enhance the quality of soyfoods have not been identified in the usa. thus, this research was conducted with the objective of determining yield, seed protein, and fatty acid composition of soybean genotype ... | 1998 | 9950085 |
| expression of a soybean gene encoding the tetrapyrrole-synthesis enzyme glutamyl-trna reductase in symbiotic root nodules. | heme and chlorophyll accumulate to high levels in legume root nodules and in photosynthetic tissues, respectively, and they are both derived from the universal tetrapyrrole precursor delta-aminolevulinic acid (ala). the first committed step in ala and tetrapyrrole synthesis is catalyzed by glutamyl-trna reductase (gtr) in plants. a soybean (glycine max) root-nodule cdna encoding gtr was isolated by complementation of an escherichia coli gtr-defective mutant for restoration of ala prototrophy. gt ... | 1999 | 9952455 |
| nutritional evaluation of lectin-free soybeans for poultry. | this study evaluated the nutritional value of raw lectin-free soybeans in comparison with raw kunitz trypsin inhibitor-free soybeans, raw conventional soybeans, and commercial heat processed soybean meal (sbm). analyzed lectin values (milligrams per kilogram) were 7.2, 7.1, and < 0.00015 for the kunitz-free, conventional, and lectin-free soybeans, respectively. three experiments were conducted using new hampshire x columbian male chicks fed 23% cp dextrose-soybean diets from 8 to 17 d of age. gr ... | 1999 | 10023754 |
| cancer mortality in agricultural regions of minnesota. | because of its unique geology, minnesota can be divided into four agricultural regions: south-central region one (corn, soybeans); west-central region two (wheat, corn, soybeans); northwest region three (wheat, sugar beets, potatoes); and northeast region four (forested and urban in character). cancer mortality (1980-1989) in agricultural regions one, two, and three was compared to region four. using data compiled by the national center for health statistics, cancer mortality was summarized by 5 ... | 1999 | 10064550 |
| mutation in gdp-fucose synthesis genes of sinorhizobium fredii alters nod factors and significantly decreases competitiveness to nodulate soybeans. | we mutagenized sinorhizobium fredii hh103-1 with tn5-b20 and screened about 2,000 colonies for increased beta-galactosidase activity in the presence of the flavonoid naringenin. one mutant, designated svq287, produces lipochitooligosaccharide nod factors (lcos) that differ from those of the parental strain. the nonreducing n-acetylglucosamine residues of all of the lcos of mutant svq287 lack fucose and 2-o-methylfucose substituents. in addition, svq287 synthesizes an lco with an unusually long, ... | 1999 | 10065558 |
| glycoconjugate expression in follicle-associated epithelium (fae) covering the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (nalt) in specific pathogen-free and conventional rats. | we examined lectin-histochemically the glycoconjugate expression in the follicle-associated epithelium (fae) covering the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (nalt) in the rat under specific pathogen-free (spf) and conventional (cv) conditions and compared the results for spf and cv rats as well as for membranous (m) cells and adjacent ciliated respiratory epithelial (cre) cells in fae. n-acetylgalactosamine-specific lectins, dolichos biflorus (dba), helix pomatia (hpa), glycine max (sba) and vicia ... | 1999 | 10067202 |
| conjugated linoleic acid content of milk and cheese from cows fed extruded oilseeds. | extruded oilseeds were fed to 24 dairy cows to study the influence on the conjugated linoleic acid content of milk and cheese. cows were fed one of three diets that contained forage and grain in a ratio of 47:53. a control diet containing 13.5% soybean meal was compared with diets containing 12% full fat extruded soybeans or 12% full fat extruded cottonseed. the control, extruded soybean, and extruded cottonseed diets contained 2.73, 4.89, and 4.56% fatty acids, respectively. measurements were m ... | 1999 | 10068962 |
| isolation of ethylene-insensitive soybean mutants that are altered in pathogen susceptibility and gene-for-gene disease resistance | plants commonly respond to pathogen infection by increasing ethylene production, but it is not clear if this ethylene does more to promote disease susceptibility or disease resistance. ethylene production and/or responsiveness can be altered by genetic manipulation. the present study used mutagenesis to identify soybean (glycine max l. merr.) lines with reduced sensitivity to ethylene. two new genetic loci were identified, etr1 and etr2. mutants were compared with isogenic wild-type parents for ... | 1999 | 10069832 |
| regulation of soybean nodulation independent of ethylene signaling | leguminous plants regulate the number of bradyrhizobium- or rhizobium-infected sites that develop into nitrogen-fixing root nodules. ethylene has been implicated in the regulation of nodule formation in some species, but this role has remained in question for soybean (glycine max). the present study used soybean mutants with decreased responsiveness to ethylene, soybean mutants with defective regulation of nodule number, and ag+ inhibition of ethylene perception to examine the role of ethylene i ... | 1999 | 10069833 |
| a multisubunit acetyl coenzyme a carboxylase from soybean. | a multisubunit form of acetyl coenzyme a (coa) carboxylase (accase) from soybean (glycine max) was characterized. the enzyme catalyzes the formation of malonyl coa from acetyl coa, a rate-limiting step in fatty acid biosynthesis. the four known components that constitute plastid accase are biotin carboxylase (bc), biotin carboxyl carrier protein (bccp), and the alpha- and beta-subunits of carboxyltransferase (alpha- and beta-ct). at least three different cdnas were isolated from germinating soyb ... | 1999 | 10069834 |
| further studies of the role of cyclic beta-glucans in symbiosis. an ndvc mutant of bradyrhizobium japonicum synthesizes cyclodecakis-(1-->3)-beta-glucosyl. | the cyclic beta-(1-->3),beta-(1-->6)-d-glucan synthesis locus of bradyrhizobium japonicum is composed of at least two genes, ndvb and ndvc. mutation in either gene affects glucan synthesis, as well as the ability of the bacterium to establish a successful symbiotic interaction with the legume host soybean (glycine max). b. japonicum strain ab-14 (ndvb::tn5) does not synthesize beta-glucans, and strain ab-1 (ndvc::tn5) synthesizes a cyclic beta-glucan lacking beta-(1-->6)-glycosidic bonds. we det ... | 1999 | 10069844 |
| dietary isoflavones: biological effects and relevance to human health. | substantial evidence indicates that diets high in plant-based foods may explain the epidemiologic variance of many hormone-dependent diseases that are a major cause of mortality and morbidity in western populations. there is now an increased awareness that plants contain many phytoprotectants. lignans and isoflavones represent two of the main classes of phytoestrogens of current interest in clinical nutrition. although ubiquitous in their occurrence in the plant kingdom, these bioactive nonnutri ... | 1999 | 10082786 |
| soybeans may be linked to pain relief. | | 1999 | 10085655 |
| rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 and r. fredii usda257 share exceptionally broad, nested host ranges. | genetically, rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 and r. fredii usda257 are closely related. small differences in their nodulation genes result in ngr234 secreting larger amounts of more diverse lipo-oligosaccharidic nod factors than usda257. what effects these differences have on nodulation were analyzed by inoculating 452 species of legumes, representing all three subfamilies of the leguminosae, as well as the nonlegume parasponia andersonii, with both strains. the two bacteria nodulated p. andersonii, ... | 1999 | 10188270 |
| disease-resistance related sequences in common bean. | primers based on a conserved nucleotide binding site (nbs) found in several cloned plant disease resistance genes were used to amplify dna fragments from the genome of common bean (phaseolus vulgaris). cloning and sequence analysis of these fragments uncovered eight unique classes of disease-resistance related sequences. all eight classes contained the conserved kinase 2 motif, and five classes contained the kinase 3a motif. gene expression was noted for five of the eight classes of sequences. a ... | 1999 | 10208000 |
| identification of delta12-fatty acid desaturase from arachidonic acid-producing mortierella fungus by heterologous expression in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and the fungus aspergillus oryzae. | based on the sequence information for the omega3-desaturase genes (from brassica napus and caenorhabditis elegans), which are involved in the desaturation of linoleic acid (delta9, delta12-18 : 2) to alpha-linolenic acid (delta9, delta12, delta15-18 : 3), a cdna was cloned from the filamentous fungal strain, mortierella alpina 1s-4, which is used industrially to produce arachidonic acid. homology analysis with protein databases revealed that the amino acid sequence showed 43.7% identity as the h ... | 1999 | 10215899 |
| alcohol-induced pancreatic oxidative stress: protection by phospholipid repletion. | oxidative stress is considered to be a forerunner of pancreatitis. since we had found polyenylphosphatidylcholine, a mixture of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholines extracted from soybeans, to protect against hepatic oxidative stress, we now tested its effects on the pancreas. sprague-dawley rats were pair-fed for two months nutritionally adequate liquid diet containing ethanol (36% of energy) or isocaloric carbohydrate, with either polyenylphosphatidylcholine (3 g/1000 kcal) or safflower oil, w ... | 1999 | 10218649 |
| effects of genistein and daidzein on membrane characteristics of hct cells. | genistein and daidzein are two major isoflavonoids in soybeans. they have received increasing attention because of their possible role in cancer prevention. in the present investigation, the human colon tumor (hct) cell line was used to investigate the effect of isoflavonoids on cell growth with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay. we found that genistein and/or daidzein could inhibit growth in hct cells. the 50% inhibitory concentrations of genistein ... | 1999 | 10227051 |
| effect of enzyme supplementation of broiler diets based on corn and soybeans. | digestibility of diets based on corn and soybean meal or soybeans treated by roasting or extrusion, with or without an enzyme supplementation, was measured by "true" (sibbald) methods, by analysis of excreta, and by analysis of ileal digesta. only analysis of ileal digesta was able to consistently measure differences between soybean and enzyme treatments in the digestibility of cp, starch, fat, and me. the amino acid (aa) digestibility of the diets was measured by analysis of the ileal contents. ... | 1999 | 10230910 |
| differentiation of helicobacter pylori isolates based on lectin binding of cell extracts in an agglutination assay. | plant and animal lectins with various carbohydrate specificities were used to type 35 irish clinical isolates of helicobacter pylori and the type strain nctc 11637 in a microtiter plate assay. initially, a panel of eight lectins with the indicated primary specificities were used: anguilla anguilla (aaa), lotus tetragonolobus (lotus a), and ulex europaeus i (uea i), specific for alpha-l-fucose; solanum tuberosum (sta) and triticum vulgaris (wga), specific for beta-n-acetylglucosamine; glycine max ... | 1999 | 10325361 |
| nutritional value of the proteins of soybeans roasted at a small-scale unit level in africa as assessed using growing rats. | increasing the roasting time of soybeans from 15 (rsf15) to 25 (rsf25) min led to an important decrease in the antitryptic activity and immunoreactivity of the storage globulins, but it did not seem to greatly affect the concentrations of the indispensable amino acids in the protein. the rsf15 and rsf25 flours were used as the only protein sources in balanced diets for growing rats, and they were compared to a diet based on casein in a pair-feeding experiment. when roasted as usually happens at ... | 1999 | 10327448 |
| development of a soy food frequency questionnaire to estimate isoflavone consumption in us adults. | to develop a dietary assessment instrument to measure soy food consumption and isoflavone intake and test it for reliability. | 1999 | 10333777 |
| antiviral effect of gingyo-san, a traditional chinese herbal medicine, on influenza a2 virus infection in mice. | gingyo-san is a crude drug containing extracts from 7 medicinal plants and fermented soybeans in a specific ratio. it has been used clinically in china as a therapeutic agent for the common cold. in the present study, we examined the antiviral effect of this agent on influenza virus infection in mice. gingyo-san and its components were administered orally to mice 1 day before, then 1 and 4 days after the inhalation of a mouse-adopted strain of influenza a2 (h2n2) virus. after infection with a 10 ... | 1999 | 10354817 |
| polygalacturonase and polygalacturonase inhibitor protein: gene isolation and transcription in glycine max-heterodera glycines interactions. | the cell wall acts as the first line of defense during pathogen invasion. polygalacturonases (pgs) are a class of cell-wall-modifying enzymes with precise temporal and organ-specific expression. a 350-bp fragment with high homology to pgs was identified by differential display (dd) analysis of soybean cyst nematode (scn) race 3 resistant pi 437654 and susceptible cultivar essex. the fragment was strongly expressed in essex, 2 days after inoculation (dai). complete coding sequences of two pg cdna ... | 1999 | 10356800 |