| wegener's granulomatosis, pituitary adenoma and barn. | a 53-year-old man with wegener's granulomatosis and a co-existing pituitary adenoma developed bilateral acute retinal necrosis (barn), probably secondary to varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection as igm antibodies were detected in the serum. intravenous acyclovir and ganciclovir limited the spread of necrosis, but to prevent recurrence he was maintained on oral acyclovir. a left cataract developed 17 months later which was extracted and replaced with a heparin surface modified intraocular lens. ... | 1994 | 7642338 |
| fulminant hepatitis revealing primary varicella in a renal graft recipient. | | 1995 | 7652908 |
| [herpes zoster: a herpes non-simplex disease]. | | 1995 | 7656839 |
| impaired expression of interleukin 2 receptor and cd45ro antigen on lymphocytes from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in response to cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster virus. | the expression of cd25 and cd45ro in lymphocytes from patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in response to cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster virus antigens was analyzed by flow cytometry. it is suggested that the defects in the immune response to cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster virus in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia on chemotherapy are in the expression of cd25 and in the switching of cd45ra cells to cd45ro cells. | 1995 | 7664187 |
| visceral varicella zoster infection after bone marrow transplantation without skin involvement and the use of pcr for diagnosis. | a 41-year-old patient with acute myeloid leukemia was transplanted from an hla-identical but abo-incompatible sibling. the post-transplant course was complicated by pure erythrocyte aplasia and mild chronic graft-versus-host disease. eleven months after transplant while on steroid therapy she developed abdominal pain rapidly followed by fatal fulminant hepatic failure. varicella zoster virus (vzv) was detected using the polymerase chain reaction from blood and liver obtained at necropsy even tho ... | 1995 | 7670413 |
| [meeting report of the 2nd international conference on varicella zoster virus, 7-8 july 1994 in paris]. | | 1995 | 7672996 |
| combined use of complement and anti-immunoglobulin in an enhanced neutralization assay for antibodies to varicella-zoster virus. | an enhanced neutralization assay was developed to permit the sensitive, specific, and reproducible measurement of antibodies to varicella-zoster virus (vzv). optimal neutralization was achieved using a combination of guinea pig complement (c') and rabbit anti-human igg. this provided 625-, 160- and 13- to 64-fold increases in dilution endpoints of human post-zoster serum, varicella-zoster immune globulin and representative sera from recipients of live attenuated varicella vaccine, respectively, ... | 1995 | 7673386 |
| vaccines released. | | 1995 | 7677269 |
| the n-7-substituted acyclic nucleoside analog 2-amino-7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]purine is a potent and selective inhibitor of herpesvirus replication. | 2-amino-7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]purine (compound s2242) represents the first antivirally active nucleoside analog with the side chain attached to the n-7 position of the purine ring. compound s2242 strongly inhibits the in vitro replication of both herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) (50% effective concentration [ec50], 0.1 to 0.2 microgram/ml), varicella-zoster virus (ec50, 0.01 to 0.02 microgram/ml) and thymidine kinase (tk)-deficient strains of hsv (ec50, 0.4 mic ... | 1994 | 7695251 |
| varicella-zoster virus gene 63 encodes an immediate-early protein that is abundantly expressed during latency. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) gene 63 encodes a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 30.5 kda which has amino acid similarities with the immediate-early (ie) protein 22 (icp-22) of herpes simplex virus type 1. in order to study the expression of this protein during lytic and latent infection, gene 63 was cloned in frame and downstream from the glutathione-s-transferase gene, expressed as a fusion protein, and purified. in vzv-infected vero cells, antibodies directed against this protein det ... | 1995 | 7707559 |
| [acute retinal necrosis caused by varicella zoster virus]. | | 1995 | 7711128 |
| recommendations for the use of live attenuated varicella vaccine. american academy of pediatrics committee on infectious diseases. | | 1995 | 7724330 |
| from the food and drug administration. | | 1995 | 7745758 |
| varicella-zoster virus gene 63: transcript mapping and regulatory activity. | the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) putative immediate-early (ie) protein encoded by orf63 is the homolog of hsv-1 icp-22. to further characterize orf63 and its function, northern analysis, primer extension, and s1 nuclease assays were used to map its transcripts, and transient transfection assays were performed with constructs containing orf63 or its promoter region. two transcripts were identified: a 0.9-kb transcript spans orf63 alone, and a 1.8-kb transcript reads through orf64. two prominent t ... | 1995 | 7747473 |
| pseudorabies virus epo is functionally homologous to varicella-zoster virus orf61 protein and herpes simplex virus type 1 icpo. | pseudorabies virus (prv) early protein o (epo) is the homolog of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 61 (orf61) protein and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) icpo. a prv epo deletion mutant grows poorly in cell culture, suggesting that epo plays a critical role in the viral replicative cycle. in this study, we have shown that the growth defect of an epo deletion mutant was complemented in vero cells expressing vzv orf61 protein or hsv-1 icpo. in transient expression assays prv epo, ... | 1995 | 7747481 |
| mutational analysis of varicella-zoster virus major immediate-early protein ie62. | the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 62 encodes an immediate-early protein (ie62) that transactivates expression of various vzv promoters and autoregulates its own expression in transient expression assays. in vero cells, ie62 was shown to transactivate the expression of all putative immediate-early (ie) and early (e) genes of vzv with an up-regulating effect at low intracellular concentrations. to define the functional domains involved in the regulatory properties of ie62, a larg ... | 1995 | 7753624 |
| the transcriptional regulatory proteins encoded by varicella-zoster virus open reading frames (orfs) 4 and 63, but not orf 61, are associated with purified virus particles. | of the five varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frames (orfs) known to encode proteins which influence viral transcriptional events, two (orfs 10 and 62) encode proteins associated with the tegument of virus particles, where they may function during the immediate-early events of infection. in this study, antibodies which recognize the products of the three additional vzv orfs, orfs 4, 61, and 63, were made and used to characterize their association with virus particles. orf 4 encoded a 52- ... | 1995 | 7769688 |
| famciclovir for the treatment of acute herpes zoster: effects on acute disease and postherpetic neuralgia. a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. collaborative famciclovir herpes zoster study group. | to document the effects of treatment with famciclovir on the acute signs and symptoms of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia. | 1995 | 7778840 |
| safety and cellular and humoral immune responses of a booster dose of varicella vaccine 6 years after primary immunization. | four hundred nineteen children and adolescents immunized with live varicella vaccine 4-6 years earlier were enrolled in a study to evaluate the safety and immune response to a booster dose containing approximately 3300 pfu of virus. of the subjects, 99% (414/419) maintained antibody to varicella zoster virus (vzv) with a geometric mean titer of 25.7 and mean stimulation index (si) for vzv-specific lymphoproliferation response of 40.3 +/- 5.3 (se). some 7-10 days after the booster immunization, s ... | 1995 | 7797914 |
| varicella: pediatric genital/rectal vesicular lesions of unclear origin. | three children who presented with localized vesicular rash in the diaper area were found to have primary varicella-zoster infections. primary varicella can closely mimic genital herpes simplex virus (hsv 1 or 2), which may be an indicator of sexual abuse. to avoid unfounded investigation for sexual abuse, primary varicella-zoster infection must be included in the differential diagnosis. direct fluorescent antibody testing is a sensitive and specific diagnostic test that can be used to distinguis ... | 1995 | 7802360 |
| importance of concomitant viral infection during late acute liver allograft rejection. | we have determined accompanying events and reviewed the management and outcome of late acute cellular rejection episodes in 384 consecutive liver recipients. a significant proportion of patients experienced concomitant viral infection (group 1, n = 15 [41%]), with cmv infection comprising the largest group and smaller contributions from other viruses (cmv, 30%; hsv, 5%; ebv, 3%; varicella zoster virus, 3%). thirteen (35%) patients (group 2) developed late rejection associated with low maintenanc ... | 1995 | 7839426 |
| effects of human alpha, beta and gamma interferons on varicella zoster virus in vitro. | the antiviral effects of interferon (ifn) on varicella zoster virus (vzv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) in vitro were examined. the values for the 50% inhibitory dose (id50) of ifn-alpha, beta and gamma determined by plaque reduction assay, were 0.813, 0.650 and 13.750 iu/ml, respectively, against vzv and 18.00, 10.38 and 115.0 iu/ml, respectively, against hsv. thus ifn-alpha and beta were more effective than ifn-gamma against both vzv and hsv and vzv was more sensitive than hsv to the ifns. fi ... | 1994 | 7855636 |
| severe chickenpox during treatment with corticosteroids. at what age should varicella-zoster immunoglobulin be given? | | 1995 | 7866184 |
| diagnosis of varicella-zoster and evaluation of varicella vaccine by passive haemagglutination by non-invasive procedures. | | 1994 | 7887029 |
| licensure of varicella virus vaccine, live. | | 1995 | 7898423 |
| mutation of a single lysine residue severely impairs the dna recognition and regulatory functions of the vzv gene 62 transactivator protein. | the product of varicella-zoster virus gene 62 (vzv 140k) is a potent transactivator protein. we have identified a region within the dna binding domain of vzv 140k that shows a striking similarity to the dna recognition helix of the homeodomain, with an especially highly conserved quartet of residues, wlqn. the 140k protein has functional counterparts within the other alphaherpesviruses, which include the major transcriptional regulatory protein of hsv-1, (icp4), and the wlqn region is highly con ... | 1994 | 7907417 |
| varicella-zoster vaccination for health care workers. | | 1994 | 7910351 |
| severe pneumonia in pregnancy three months after resolution of cutaneous zoster. | a 22 weeks pregnant women was affected by a life-threatening pneumonia and a paresis of the proximal muscles with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. her past medical history had been unremarkable except for recurrent episodes of paraumbilical herpes zoster. the clinical findings suggested a dissemination of varicella-zoster virus without skin lesions. acyclovir was added to the therapy, and the clinical picture began to improve. varicella-zoster virus dna was detected in placental tissue by dna-hy ... | 1994 | 7927822 |
| occurrence of chickenpox during pregnancy in women seropositive for varicella-zoster virus. | in a group of 21 women counseled after exposure to chickenpox during pregnancy, 4 developed varicella despite initial studies showing that preinfection sera were varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-seropositive by fluorescent anti-membrane antibody, latex agglutination, elisa, and vzv glycoprotein immunoblot assay. further investigations showed that 2 of the 4 had low-titer (1/100), low-avidity, vzv-reactive igg3 antibodies by elisas of preinfection sera. after chickenpox, these women developed primary ... | 1994 | 7930746 |
| characterization and immunogenicity of a candidate subunit vaccine against varicella-zoster virus. | this study describes the properties of an inactivated subunit antigen preparation from varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-infected mrc-5 cells by treatment with detergent and formaldehyde, ultracentrifugation over sucrose and acetone precipitation. the method preserved the antigenicity of vzv proteins and several vzv-specific glycoproteins, while virus dna was less than 20 pg/250 micrograms protein--a putative vaccine dose. the vaccine was immunogenic in rabbits and stimulated antibodies to the major ... | 1994 | 7935160 |
| varicella-zoster virus myelitis: an expanding spectrum. | we report four cases of varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-associated myelopathy in adults. myelopathy was remitting-exacerbating in two remarkable instances, once acute and once chronic. vzv myelopathy was diagnosed based on the close temporal relationship between rash and onset of myelopathy, and for the first time, by polymerase chain reaction, which revealed vzv dna in the cerebral spinal fluid of three patients with pleocytosis weeks to months later. magnetic resonance imaging was abnormal in thr ... | 1994 | 7936229 |
| effect of varicella zoster virus antigen-antibody complexes on hydrogen peroxide generation by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) generation by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) incubated with varicella zoster virus (vzv) antigen was studied by cytofluorography. hydrogen peroxide generation was detected in the presence of vzv-seropositive sera. when seropositive sera were heat-inactivated, h2o2 generation was reduced. when pmn were pre-incubated with leu-11b, a monoclonal antibody to the fc receptor on pmn, h2o2 generation was also reduced. these results suggest that vzv antigen-antibody-com ... | 1994 | 7941996 |
| chronic verrucous varicella-zoster infection in a patient with aids. | the expression of herpes varicella zoster virus in patients already infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) provides the perfect illustration of an opportunist microbe at work. there is an increased incidence of herpes zoster which may be more severe, recurrent or disseminated. likewise, varicella may be more severe and recurrent. in both patterns of infection atypical lesions in the form of persistent ulcerative or verrucous lesions have been seen. an hiv-positive patient is descri ... | 1994 | 7955476 |
| mapping, cloning and sequencing of a glycoprotein-encoding gene from bovine herpesvirus type 1 homologous to the ge gene from hsv-1. | in order to map and identify the glycoprotein-encoding gene from bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1), homologous to the ge glycoprotein from herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), a region of the unique short sequence from the bhv-1 genome has been sequenced. the sequenced region contains an orf coding for a polypeptide of 575 amino acids (aa). the aa sequence presents substantial similarity to that of the glycoprotein ge from hsv-1 and to homologous proteins of related viruses such as pseudorabies ... | 1994 | 7958994 |
| delineation of a sequence required for nuclear localization of the protein encoded by varicella-zoster virus gene 61. | all characterized alphaherpesviruses encode a protein whose n-terminal region contains a novel zinc-binding motif, the c3hc4 domain. homology between the different proteins is in general limited to key residues in this domain. in order to identify a separate landmark site in the c3hc4 protein encoded by varicella-zoster virus gene 61, namely the region required for nuclear localization, we have analysed a range of mutants in transient expression and immunofluorescence experiments. a basic region ... | 1994 | 7964633 |
| vitreous fluid sampling and viral genome detection for the diagnosis of viral retinitis in patients with aids. | cytomegalovirus (cmv) causes severe necrotizing retinitis in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) and other herpesviruses have been implicated in the acute retinal necrosis syndrome (arn), seen in both the immunocompetent and the immunosuppressed. at present the diagnosis of viral retinitis relies solely on clinical appearances. in order to assess whether the detection of herpesvirus-specific dna in cell-free vitreous biopsy samples could be useful in the early diagnosis ... | 1994 | 7964643 |
| varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 10 protein, the homolog of the essential herpes simplex virus protein vp16, is dispensable for vzv replication in vitro. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 10 (orf10) protein in the homolog of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) protein vp16. vzv orf10 transactivates the vzv ie62 gene and is a tegument protein present in the virion. hsv-1 vp16, a potent transactivator of hsv-1 immediate-early genes and tegument protein, is essential for hsv-1 replication in vitro. to determine whether vzv orf10 is required for viral replication in vitro, we constructed two vzv mutants which were unable to express ... | 1994 | 7966575 |
| the ring finger domain of the varicella-zoster virus open reading frame 61 protein is required for its transregulatory functions. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 61 (orf61) protein transactivates expression of vzv promoters. vzv orf61 is functionally homologous to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)-infected cell protein 0 (icp0); however, amino acid sequence homology of these two proteins is limited to the ring finger domains, a recently identified sequence motif composed of cysteine and histidine residues, located in their amino-terminal regions. a carboxy-terminal truncation mutant of icp0 (which retains ... | 1994 | 7975220 |
| down-regulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein expression during acute lytic varicella-zoster virus infection of cultured human astrocytes. | the effects of the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) oka vaccine strain in producing morphologic and antigenic changes in dissociated cultures of human fetal brain was investigated. cultures containing 80% glial acidic fibrillary protein (gfap), gfap+ (positive) astrocytes and 20% gfap- (negative) fibroblastic-like cells were infected with cell-free vzv oka at a multiplicity of infection of 0.1 plaque-forming units per cell. cytopathic effects and significant viral antigen labeling with antibodies ag ... | 1994 | 7975257 |
| [asymptomatic varicella infections in pregnancy: detection and problems]. | two cases of asymptomatic varicella infection during pregnancy will be presented. the diagnosis was made by the evidence of varicella-zoster-virus (vzv)-specific igm or by the significant increase in antibody titer. the incidence of such subclinical vzv infections must be the issue of further investigations. because of the rare occurrence of an embryopathy no general screening is usually made. on the other hand serological testing is recommended in cases of vzv infection in the surroundings of a ... | 1994 | 7987086 |
| [bilateral acute retinal artery necrosis--healing of the second affected eye]. | the acute retinal necrosis syndrome (arn) is caused by the varicella zoster virus or the herpes simplex virus. however the dosage and duration of the antiviral therapy for prevention of an infection in the second eye or treatment of an infection on an affected fellow eye is still not known. we discuss the timing of a possible steroid treatment and demonstrate in a case report how an acute retinal necrosis syndrome in a fellow eye was successfully treated. | 1994 | 8022154 |
| acute retinal necrosis caused by reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 2. | acute retinal necrosis is a severe form of necrotizing retinitis. acute retinal necrosis has been demonstrated to be caused by varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex virus type 1. we treated three patients with acute retinal necrosis apparently caused by recrudescence of latent herpes simplex virus type 2. primary viral infection was probably congenital, with documented perinatal herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in two patients. bilateral chorioretinal scars were present in two patients, ... | 1994 | 8053466 |
| controversies in pediatric dermatology. | | 1994 | 8060737 |
| vaccines for varicella-zoster virus and cytomegalovirus: recent progress. | | 1994 | 8073277 |
| effect of glycyrrhizin in children with liver dysfunction associated with cytomegalovirus infection. | glycyrrhizin (gl) has an inhibitory effect on several viruses including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv). in addition, some therapeutic and prophylactic effects on chronic active viral hepatitis have been claimed for gl. in this study, 0.2% gl dissolved in saline (2 mg/ml gl), supplemented with 2% glycine and 0.1% cysteine (stronger neo-minophagen c, snmc) was administered intravenously in a dose of 50 ml/day for a period of more than one week to three ... | 1994 | 8073426 |
| development of myelopathy before herpes zoster rash in a patient with aids. | we describe the case of a patient with aids who developed progressive myelopathy due to varicella-zoster virus 2 months before the appearance of skin lesions typical of herpes zoster. varicella-zoster virus was isolated from his csf. therapy with acyclovir failed to control his neurological complications despite its in vitro efficacy against the isolates. | 1994 | 8075278 |
| varicella-zoster virus antibody avidity and igg-subclass patterns in children with recurrent chickenpox. | the normal immune response after primary varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection includes igg subclass evolution to predominantly igg1-type antibodies, and maturation from low to high avidity antibodies which are maintained for life. twenty-three healthy and apparently immunocompetent children with a history of 2-5 episodes of chickenpox were studied after repeat disease. serial sera were tested for vzv-igg subclass patterns and vzv igg and g-subclass antibody avidity by urea elution enzyme linke ... | 1994 | 8083659 |
| identification and characterization of marek's disease virus genes homologous to icp27 and glycoprotein k of herpes simplex virus-1. | we have identified two marek's disease virus (mdv) genes within the ecori-b fragment of mdv-ga genomic dna. ecori-b is 11.3-kb long and maps within the long unique region of mdv genomes. a 3.2-kb fragment of ecori-b has been sequenced and contains two open reading frames, orf53 and orf54. orf53 (mdv gk), a homolog to hsv-1 glycoprotein k (gk), is 1062 nucleotides long and encodes 354 amino acids (39.5 kda). orf54, designated mdv icp27, based on significant similarity to hsv-1 icp27, is 1419 nucl ... | 1994 | 8091655 |
| molecular evolution of herpesviruses: genomic and protein sequence comparisons. | phylogenetic reconstruction of herpesvirus evolution is generally founded on amino acid sequence comparisons of specific proteins. these are relevant to the evolution of the specific gene (or set of genes), but the resulting phylogeny may vary depending on the particular sequence chosen for analysis (or comparison). in the first part of this report, we compare 13 herpesvirus genomes by using a new multidimensional methodology based on distance measures and partial orderings of dinucleotide relat ... | 1994 | 8107249 |
| evaluation of a monoclonal antibody for detection of varicella-zoster virus infections using a shell vial technique. | standard cell culture and a shell vial technique using a monoclonal antibody were compared for the detection of varicella-zoster virus in 167 mucocutaneous specimens. of 75 specimens from patients clinically diagnosed with varicella or zoster, a total of 40 (53.3%) were positive by either method (4 positive only by conventional culture and 4 only by shell vial). no false-positive results were obtained with shell vials stained after 48 h of incubation. this technique is rapid, 100% specific, and ... | 1993 | 8112364 |
| characterization of the putative protein kinases specified by varicella-zoster virus genes 47 and 66. | the proteins predicted to be encoded by varicella-zoster virus (vzv) genes 47 and 66 display sequence similarity to the serine/threonine family of protein kinases. homologues of gene 47 exist in alpha-, beta- and gamma-herpesviruses but homologues of gene 66 are specific to the alpha-herpesviruses. monospecific rabbit antisera were raised against two separate fusion proteins constructed from a portion of each protein fused to the carboxy terminus of beta-galactosidase. these antisera were used t ... | 1994 | 8113753 |
| outcome after maternal varicella infection in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy. | infection with the varicella-zoster virus during pregnancy can produce an embryopathy characterized by limb hypoplasia, eye and brain damage, and skin lesions. the risk is greatest when infection occurs during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy, but the magnitude of the risk is uncertain. | 1994 | 8114861 |
| acyclovir resistant varicella zoster and hiv infection. | a child infected with hiv who developed chronic varicella zoster virus infection resistant to acyclovir is presented. the clinical course of the infection, treatment, virological investigations, and relationship of the infection to the child's immunodeficient state are discussed. | 1994 | 8129436 |
| a novel immunosensor for herpes viruses. | we have developed a reusable piezoelectric immunosensor for the detection of the following human herpes viruses: herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2, varicella-zoster virus, epstein-barr virus, and cytomegalovirus. synthetic peptides, representing different surface antigens of the five viruses, were used to generate virus-specific monoclonal antibodies. apply an antibody layer via protein a immobilization onto a 10-mhz at-cut crystal resulted in 5 x 10(4)-1 x 10(9) viruses on the electrode surf ... | 1994 | 8135375 |
| necrotizing retinitis and cerebral vasculitis due to varicella-zoster virus in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. | | 1993 | 8135942 |
| detection of varicella-zoster virus dna in conjunctivas of patients with herpes zoster. | detection of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) dna was carried out in the conjunctivas of 18 patients with herpes zoster by polymerase chain reaction. the rate of vzv dna detection in conjunctivas was 3/4 in herpes zoster ophthalmicus associated with eruption on the dorsum nasi, 2/5 in herpes zoster ophthalmicus without eruption on the dorsum nasi, 1/2 in herpes zoster with eruption on the cheek and lower jaw, 1/2 in generalized herpes zoster and 0/5 in herpes zoster associated with eruption on the t ... | 1994 | 8145984 |
| regio- and stereoselective synthesis of carbocyclic 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-fluoro nucleosides as potential antiviral agents. | the synthesis and antiviral activity of racemic carbocyclic 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-fluoro nucleosides are reported. carbocyclic 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-fluoro nucleosides were obtained from the 3-fluoro cyclopentane derivative 4, which was prepared by two methods. the sn2-displacement of the hydroxyl group of (+/-)-(1 beta, 2 alpha, 3 beta, 4 beta)-4-acetamido-2-fluoro-3-hydroxycyclopentylmethyl acetate (1) with ph3p-i2 followed by tin hydride reduction afforded the 3-fluoroamino alcohol derivative 3. altern ... | 1994 | 8149453 |
| photodynamic inactivation of herpes viruses with phthalocyanine derivatives. | the antiviral photosensitization capacity of 11 different phthalocyanine (pc) derivatives was examined using herpes simplex virus-1, herpes simplex virus-2 and varicella zoster virus in the search for the most potent sensitizers for viral decontamination of blood. the kinetics of viral photoinactivation were resolved during the stages of viral adsorption and penetration into the host cells. the capacity of pc in the photodynamic inactivation of viruses was compared with that of merocyanine 540 ( ... | 1994 | 8151454 |
| deletion of the varicella-zoster virus large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase impairs growth of virus in vitro. | cells infected with varicella-zoster virus (vzv) express a viral ribonucleotide reductase which is distinct from that present in uninfected cells. vzv open reading frames 18 and 19 (orf18 and orf19) are homologous to the herpes simplex virus type 1 genes encoding the small and large subunits of ribonucleotide reductase, respectively. we generated recombinant vzv by transfecting cultured cells with four overlapping cosmid dnas. to construct a virus lacking ribonucleotide reductase, we deleted 97% ... | 1994 | 8151792 |
| varicella-zoster virus retinitis as the initial manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | | 1994 | 8154542 |
| acute retinal necrosis after chickenpox in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | | 1993 | 8155026 |
| clinical application of responder cell frequency estimates with four years of follow up. | limiting dilution cultures have been used to estimate the frequency of t cells which respond to antigen stimulation in vitro, but nothing is known of the reproducibility of this assay when applied to human blood. we developed a simplified form of limiting dilution culture in which blood mononuclear cells were diluted in round bottom 96-well plates and cultured for 10 days. the assay was used to estimate the frequency of blood mononuclear cells proliferating in response to varicella-zoster virus ... | 1994 | 8157986 |
| varicella-zoster virus (vzv) reactivation is related to the low response of vzv-specific immunity after chickenpox in infancy. | to clarify the cause of herpes zoster in immunocompetent children, specific humoral and cellular immunity was determined using an elisa and a lymphoproliferative assay, respectively, in infants < 1 year of age and children > or = 1 year of age who had chickenpox. thirteen (59.1%) of 22 infants, 17 (81.0%) of 21 children > or = 1 year of age (p < .02), and 13 (86.7%) of 15 children > or = 2 years of age (p < .001) had positive varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-specific cellular immunity. vzv-specific ... | 1994 | 8158043 |
| a rapid simple in situ hybridization method for herpes simplex virus employing a synthetic biotin-labeled oligonucleotide probe: a comparison with immunohistochemical methods for hsv detection. | we examined 28 paraffin-embedded tissue specimens with histologic evidence of herpes virus infection by in situ hybridization (ish) utilizing manual capillary action technology (microprobe staining system) and a 21 base synthetic multibiotinylated oligonucleotide probe from the hsv glycoprotein c region. the results were compared to a rapid simple immunohistochemical (ihc) protocol for detection of hsv proteins. hsv was detected by ish and ihc in all but one specimen which was shown to be positi ... | 1994 | 8189321 |
| transcriptional mapping of the varicella-zoster virus regulatory genes encoding open reading frames 4 and 63. | four of the 68 varicella-zoster virus (vzv) unique open reading frames (orfs), i.e., orfs 4, 61, 62, and 63, encode proteins that influence viral transcription and are considered to be positional homologs of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) immediate-early (ie) proteins. in order to identify the elements that regulate transcription of vzv orfs 4 and 63, the encoded mrnas were mapped in detail. for orf 4, a major 1.8-kb and a minor 3.0-kb polyadenylated [poly(a)+] rna were identified, whereas ... | 1994 | 8189496 |
| helicase-primase complex of herpes simplex virus type 1: a mutation in the ul52 subunit abolishes primase activity. | the ul52 gene product of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) comprises one subunit of a 3-protein helicase-primase complex that is essential for replication of viral dna. the functions of the individual subunits of the complex are not known with certainty, although it is clear that the ul8 subunit is not required for either helicase or primase activity. examination of the predicted amino acid sequence of the ul5 gene reveals the existence of conserved helicase motifs; it seems likely, therefore, ... | 1994 | 8189507 |
| tyrosine sulfation of varicella-zoster virus envelope glycoprotein gpl. | sulfation is a common post-translational modification of secreted and membrane proteins, with the sulfate attached to tyrosine residues or to glycan side-chains. i have shown that varicella-zoster virus (vzv) envelope glycoproteins gpi, gpii, and gpiii can be labeled with [35s]sulfate. the predominant vzv glycoprotein, gpi, was shown to be sulfated on asparagine-linked glycans and on tyrosine. this is the first report of tyrosine sulfation of a viral envelope glycoprotein. examination of the pre ... | 1993 | 8212550 |
| dna sequence of a simian varicella virus gene that encodes a homologue of varicella zoster virus ie62 and herpes simplex virus icp4. | clinical and biological studies indicate that simian varicella virus (svv) infection of primates is the counterpart of human varicella zoster virus (vzv) infection. we have identified an svv open reading frame (orf) that is homologous to the vzv protein ie62 and herpes simplex virus (hsv) icp4. like the genes encoding the vzv and hsv proteins, the svv gene is located in the repeat region of the virus genome. its expression in svv-infected cells yields a 4.2-kb transcript. dna sequencing of the s ... | 1993 | 8212583 |
| herpes virus infections in immunocompromised patients: problems and therapeutic interventions. | herpes virus infections are responsible for morbidity and mortality among immunosuppressed patients. during the last decade substantial advances have been achieved through improvement of diagnostic techniques, development of effective antiviral agents and the use of different strategies for prophylaxis and treatment. cytomegalovirus infection and disease can today be prevented and treated effectively; however, antiviral resistance is beginning to emerge as a potential major clinical problem. sim ... | 1993 | 8217097 |
| comparative analysis of the restriction endonuclease profiles of the dumas and singapore strains of varicella-zoster virus. | the incidence of varicella in singapore has been increasing since 1984. in 1991, 17,930 cases were reported in a population of about 3 million. a serological survey completed in 1990 demonstrated that only 43% of the cohort had antibodies to varicella-zoster virus (vzv), indicating inadequate herd immunity. to exclude novel vzv strains, representative vzv isolates from 9 chicken pox and 4 zoster patients were characterised by restriction endonuclease analysis. dnas were extracted from viral isol ... | 1993 | 8228928 |
| immunization with the immediate-early tegument protein (open reading frame 62) of varicella-zoster virus protects guinea pigs against virus challenge. | the ie62 protein, the primary regulatory protein of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and the major component of the virion tegument, was an effective immunogen in the guinea pig model of vzv infection, whereas the orf 29 gene product, a nonstructural dna replication protein, did not elicit protection. all animals immunized with the orf 29 protein had cell-associated viremia compared with 2 of 11 guinea pigs given the ie62 protein (p = 0.005). vzv was detected in ganglia from 38% of the animals given ... | 1993 | 8230489 |
| the acyclovir legacy: its contribution to antiviral drug discovery. | the discovery of acyclovir marked the beginning of an exciting era in antiviral research. early studies on the novel mode of action explained the selectivity of the compound and the remarkably narrow spectrum of activity against a subset of the herpesviruses. throughout the past decade many clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of this drug. furthermore, the development of resistance does not appear to be a significant issue in normal individuals. acyclovir provided the stimu ... | 1993 | 8245880 |
| the synthesis and some properties of some 5-substituted pyrimidine 4'-thio-2'-deoxynucleosides and oligodeoxynucleotides containing 4'-thiothymidine. | a series of 5-substituted pyrimidine 4'-thio-2'-deoxynucleosides has been synthesized and their antiviral properties determined. it seems likely that once an analogue is a kinase substrate, then that analogue is toxic for that organism. thus 4'-thiothymidine is phosphorylated by both viral and host kinases and shows toxicity to viruses and the host. unlike its oxygen-containing counterpart (5-vinyl-2'-deoxyuridine, which is extremely toxic in vitro and causes chromosome damage), 5-vinyl-4'-thio- ... | 1993 | 8247724 |
| functional roles of terminal glycomoieties in varicella-zoster virus infection. | terminal glycomoieties of varicella-zoster virus glycoproteins were characterized by their reactivity with lectins and glycosidases, and the functional roles of terminal sugars were analyzed by cell-free virus infectivity. terminal glycan structures of gpl possessed sialic acid linked alpha (2-3) to galactose of o-linked glycan and galactose-beta (1-4)-n-acetylglucosamine of n-linked glycan. those of the putative gpiv possessed galactose-beta (1-4)-n-acetylglucosamine of n-linked glycan. both gl ... | 1994 | 8259682 |
| a novel arrangement of zinc-binding residues and secondary structure in the c3hc4 motif of an alpha herpes virus protein family. | a highly conserved, cysteine-rich region plays a crucial role in the function of a family of regulatory proteins encoded by alpha herpes viruses. the so-called c3hc4 motif spans approximately 60 residues and has been predicted to bind zinc. this motif occurs in a number of other viral and cellular proteins, many of which appear to be involved in some aspect of the regulation of gene expression. we have cloned and expressed in bacteria a portion of immediate-early protein vmw110 of herpes simplex ... | 1993 | 8263911 |
| varicella in children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus infection. | thirteen children with human immunodeficiency virus infection acquired perinatally and with varicella were identified. clinical and epidemiologic information, including the use of varicella immune globulin and acyclovir, was obtained and testing for antibodies to varicella-zoster virus was done. the 13 children infected with human immunodeficiency virus had an uncomplicated clinical course, and many had a significant antibody response to varicella-zoster virus. | 1994 | 8301436 |
| cloning and sequencing of genomic dna extracted from archival human temporal bone sections. | cloning techniques allow the engineering and production of highly purified dna. further advances in molecular biology have provided the means to identify dna sequences in a rapid fashion. sequencing methods can identify mutations, deletions, polymorphisms, or confirm a known genetic sequence. the use of these techniques in clinical medicine has made it possible to accurately diagnose infectious diseases and determine the molecular etiology of many genetic disorders and malignancies. in this stud ... | 1994 | 8302113 |
| varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein gpi/gpiv receptor: expression, complex formation, and antigenicity within the vaccinia virus-t7 rna polymerase transfection system. | the unique short region of the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) genome contains two open reading frames which encode glycoproteins designated gpi and gpiv (herpes simplex virus homologs ge and gi, respectively). like its herpesviral counterpart ge, the vzv gpi gene product functions as a cell surface receptor (v. litwin, w. jackson, and c. grose, j. virol. 66:3643-3651, 1992). to evaluate the biosynthesis of the two vzv glycoproteins and further explore their relationship to one another, the two gly ... | 1993 | 8380078 |
| investigation of the pathogenesis of varicella-zoster virus infection in guinea pigs by using polymerase chain reaction. | the polymerase chain reaction method (pcr) was used to investigate events in the pathogenesis of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection in strain 2, hartley, and euthymic hairless guinea pigs. vzv was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) obtained 2-5 days after infection in 8 (50%) of 16 strain 2, 4 (40%) of 10 hairless, and 10 (34%) of 29 hartley guinea pigs. the frequency of vzv-infected pbmc was estimated to be at least 1/200,000, which is comparable to that observed in human ... | 1993 | 8380293 |
| cerebellar encephalitis in adults. | we examined 11 adult patients with cerebellar encephalitis (ce) during the acute phase of the disease and at least 12 months later. five patients were aged between 23 and 31 years, 3 patients between 43 and 44 years and 3 patients between 60 and 64 years. serological tests gave evidence of epstein-barr virus infection in 4 of the 5 young patients. two patients had serological evidence of varicella-zoster virus reactivation, whereas the serological findings were negative in all other cases. all p ... | 1993 | 8380845 |
| polymerase chain reaction: detection of varicella-zoster virus. | | 1993 | 8381818 |
| [recombinant oka varicella vaccine as a live hepatitis b virus vaccine]. | recombinant oka varicella-hepatitis b virus (hbv) vaccine was constructed by inserting the hbv surface antigen (hbsag) gene coding partial pres2 and whole s regions into the viral thymidine kinase gene. hbsag was expressed in the cytoplasm of infected cells. intracellular hbsag (26k and 30k) was n- and o-glycosylated, sialylated, and secreted into the supernatant as 30k and 35k hbsag particles. recombinant virus induced antibody response to both varicella-zoster virus and hbsag in guinea pigs an ... | 1993 | 8381884 |
| varicella-zoster virus retinitis in a patient with aids-related complex: case report and brief review of the acute retinal necrosis syndrome. | retinitis reminiscent of the acute retinal necrosis syndrome was recognized in a patient with aids-related complex after he had experienced several episodes of a sacral, dermatomic zosteriform eruption. varicella-zoster virus (vzv) was subsequently recovered from cell culture of retinal tissue. the literature on vzv retinitis, including that on acute retinal necrosis, is reviewed. dissemination of vzv infection in aids is also reviewed. features that differentiate the findings and course of vzv ... | 1993 | 8382963 |
| induction of neutralizing antibodies by varicella-zoster virus gpii glycoprotein expressed from recombinant vaccinia virus. | the gpii glycoprotein of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) was produced in cv1 cells via vaccinia virus recombinants. two different dna constructs were expressed: the first one encodes the complete gpii protein (gpii s+a+) and the second a truncated species lacking the membrane anchorage domain (gpii s+a-). to achieve expression both coding sequences had to be engineered at the 5' end by substituting the unusually short (24 bp) natural signal sequence by a more conventional one encoding 29 amino acid ... | 1993 | 8383181 |
| acyclovir as a public health hazard. | | 1993 | 8383911 |
| the pseudorabies virus host-shutoff homolog gene: nucleotide sequence and comparison with alphaherpesvirus protein counterparts. | the virion host shutoff function (vhs) of many herpesviruses is required for inhibition of cellular gene expression in infected cells. this function corresponds to the ul41 open reading frame of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and homolog sequences have been found in other alphaherpesvirus, like hsv-2, varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1). in this work, we have cloned and sequenced a pseudorabies virus (prv) gene which is homologous to the vhs genes of the other ... | 1993 | 8384744 |
| 2-acetylpyridine 5-[(dimethylamino)thiocarbonyl]-thiocarbonohydrazone (1110u81) potently inhibits human cytomegalovirus replication and potentiates the antiviral effects of ganciclovir. | we studied the effects of 2-acetylpyridine 5-[(dimethylamino)thiocarbonyl]-thiocarbonohydrazone (1110u81 or a1110u), a potent inhibitor of the ribonucleotide reductases encoded by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 and by varicella-zoster virus, against human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) replication in infected mrc-5 cells. we show that 1110u81 is a potent inhibitor of hcmv dna replication (50% inhibitory concentration [ic50], 3.6 microm; ic90, 5.6 microm) and also potentiates the effects of ganciclov ... | 1993 | 8384821 |
| [diaplacental transmission of varicella zoster virus antibodies after chickenpox at the time of birth]. | a pregnant woman with post-term birth developed a varicella rash on the day, when birth was to be initiated. the date was then postponed, until varicella zoster virus (vzv) igg-antibodies could be proved in the mother, so as to allow the child to achieve an adequate diaplacental passive immunisation. cesarean section was performed on the 7th day after the rash, but a comparison of the child's blood (from the umbilical cord) with the mother's blood showed, that the vzv antibodies developed by the ... | 1993 | 8385048 |
| comparative immunohistochemical study of herpes simplex and varicella-zoster infections. | herpes simplex (hsv) and varicella-zoster (vzv) skin infections share so many histological similarities that distinguishing between them may prove to be impossible. we developed and characterized a new monoclonal antibody, vl8, igg kappa isotype, directed to the vzv envelope glycoprotein gpi. immunohistochemistry with vl8 appeared highly sensitive and specific on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsies and a clear-cut distinction between hsv and vzv infections was possible. the pattern of vl8 ... | 1993 | 8385379 |
| varicella-zoster virus dna in granulomatous skin lesions following herpes zoster. a study by the polymerase chain reaction. | granulomatous reactions at sites of previous cutaneous herpes zoster lesions occur, but their etiology is not known. three tissue specimens from 5 cases identified clinically and histologically as post-zosteric granulomatous reactions were studied for the presence of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) by the polymerase chain reaction using specific primers for vzv. vzv dna was detected in 1 of 3 cases where the granulomatous reaction occurred immediately in the wake of reso ... | 1993 | 8385680 |
| varicella-zoster virus dna in the oesophageal myenteric plexus in achalasia. | in a search for past or present infection with herpes viruses, serum antibody titres to herpes simplex type 1 virus, cytomegalovirus, and varicella-zoster virus were measured by complement fixation test in 58 patients with achalasia. serum was also taken from 40 age and sex matched patients without oesophageal symptoms who formed a control group. all titres were low, and those for herpes simplex type 1 virus and cytomegalovirus did not differ in the achalasia patients and the controls. however, ... | 1993 | 8386130 |
| varicella-zoster virus open reading frame 10 protein, the herpes simplex virus vp16 homolog, transactivates herpesvirus immediate-early gene promoters. | the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 10 (orf10) protein is the homolog of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) protein vp16. these are two virion tegument proteins that have extensive amino acid sequence identity in their amino-terminal and middle domains. orf10, however, lacks the acidic carboxy terminus which is critical for transactivation by vp16. earlier studies showed that vzv orf10 does not form a tertiary complex with the taatgarat regulatory element (where r is a purin ... | 1993 | 8386275 |
| generation of a transgenic model for retrovirus-mediated gene therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma is thwarted by the lack of transgene expression. | transgenic mice have been generated to determine the tissue-specific expression, safety, and efficacy of a novel chimeric gene that is being investigated as a test system for virus-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (vdept). the chimeric gene consists of the transcriptional regulatory sequences of the albumin gene and the protein-coding sequence of the varicella-zoster virus thymidine kinase (vzv-tk) gene inserted into a retroviral vector. eight founders were obtained from microinjection of a nearl ... | 1993 | 8388259 |
| [the seroepidemiology of the varicella-zoster virus in children and adolescents]. | to know the sero-protection level existing of varicella-zoster virus in a population of children and adolescents from madrid. | 1993 | 8388262 |
| age distribution of latent herpes simplex virus 1 and varicella-zoster virus genome in human nervous tissue. | latency in nervous tissue caused by herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) and by varicella-zoster virus (vzv) is an intriguing feature of herpes-virus' neurotropism. hsv-1 and vzv latency are the causes of ophthalmic zoster and recurrent hsv infections in the distributions of the trigeminal branches. hsv-1 neuronal latency may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of hsv encephalitis. we attempted to determine the prevalence and age distribution of vzv and hsv latency. we applied nested polymerase chain ... | 1993 | 8389816 |
| varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 61 protein transactivates vzv gene promoters and enhances the infectivity of vzv dna. | the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) open reading frame 61 (orf61) protein is the homolog of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) icp0. both genes are located in similar parts of the genome, their predicted products share a cysteine-rich motif, and cell lines expressing vzv orf61 are able to complement an hsv-1 icp0 deletion mutant (h. moriuchi, m. moriuchi, h. a. smith, s. e. straus, and j. i. cohen, j. virol. 66:7303-7308, 1992). in transient expression assays, hsv-1 icp0 is a transactivator alone ... | 1993 | 8389928 |
| correlative studies of rheumatoid factors and anti-viral antibodies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | an analysis of the relationship between the immune response to ubiquitous herpes family viruses, namely epstein-barr virus (ebv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and the presence of rheumatoid factors (rf), which are autoantibodies characteristic of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra), was conducted. antibody profiles (rf, anti-viral antibodies) were monitored in the serum of the ra patients, and in normal individuals. no patient was found to have circulating rf in th ... | 1993 | 8390334 |
| characterization and mapping of simian varicella virus transcripts. | the size and genomic location of viral transcripts expressed in simian varicella virus (svv)-infected vero cells were determined. total cellular rna and polyadenylated rna were isolated from svv-infected and mock-infected vero cells. viral transcripts were detected by northern blot hybridization analysis using overlapping svv dna probes representative of the entire svv genome. the results indicated that all regions of the svv genome are transcribed during svv infection in vitro. at least 53 dist ... | 1993 | 8393915 |
| the biology of herpes simplex and varicella zoster virus infections. | | 1993 | 8394293 |
| infection of human fetal dorsal root neurons with wild type varicella virus and the oka strain varicella vaccine. | the relative ability of a varicella-zoster virus (vzv) clinical isolate and a live attenuated vzv vaccine strain (oka) to infect human neurons was determined in vitro. vzv infection of neurons prepared in culture from dorsal root ganglia of fetuses was assessed using an infectious center assay. cultures were infected with 50-5,000 pfu of either vzv and assayed at either 24 or 48 hours post-vzv infection. cultures infected with the clinical vzv isolate had seven-fold more infected neurons than cu ... | 1993 | 8394874 |