| physical map of mouse chromosome 17 in the region relevant for positional cloning of the hybrid sterility 1 gene. | hybrid sterility 1 (hst1) is the major gene responsible for sterility of male hybrids between mus musculus and certain laboratory strains. thus, hst1 is of importance in studying both postreproductive isolation of closely related species and male fertility. it has been mapped to mouse chromosome 17 in the region corresponding to the third inversion of the t haplotypes. the aim of the present study was to construct a physical map of the hst1 region as the first step in an effort to clone the gene ... | 1994 | 7829061 |
| identification of a mouse homologue of the saccharomyces cerevisiae recombination and repair gene, rad52. | | 1994 | 7829098 |
| expression of a putative atpase suppresses the growth defect of a yeast potassium transport mutant: identification of a mammalian member of the clp/hsp104 family. | a cdna encoding a novel mammalian member of the clp/hsp104 family was isolated from a mouse macrophage-like cell line (j774.1) cdna library by suppression of the growth defect of a saccharomyces cerevisiae trk1 trk2 double mutant. the full-length version of this cdna, termed skd3, encodes a putative 76-kda protein of 677 amino acids (aa). the deduced aa sequence of the skd3 polypeptide contains four ankyrin-like repeats in the n-terminal domain and a single atp-binding consensus site in the c-te ... | 1995 | 7835694 |
| cloning and expression of the xenopus and mouse msh2 dna mismatch repair genes. | bacterial muts protein and its yeast and human homologs msh2 trigger the mismatch repair process by their initial binding to mispaired and unpaired bases in dna. we describe the cloning and sequencing of genes from xenopus laevis and mus musculus encoding the homolog of the saccharomyces cerevisiae msh2 (the major dna mismatch binding protein). mutations in the human homolog of this gene have recently been implicated in microsatellite instability and dna mismatch repair deficiency in tumour cell ... | 1994 | 7838728 |
| pick1: a perinuclear binding protein and substrate for protein kinase c isolated by the yeast two-hybrid system. | protein kinase c (pkc) plays a central role in the control of proliferation and differentiation of a wide range of cell types by mediating the signal transduction response to hormones and growth factors. upon activation by diacylglycerol, pkc translocates to different subcellular sites where it phosphorylates numerous proteins, most of which are unidentified. we used the yeast two-hybrid system to identify proteins that interact with activated pkc alpha. using the catalytic region of pkc fused t ... | 1995 | 7844141 |
| structural and mutational analysis of the xeroderma pigmentosum group d (xpd) gene. | individuals affected by the autosomal recessive disease xeroderma pigmentosum (xp) are acutely sensitive to sunlight and predisposed to skin cancer on exposed areas. cells cultured from xp patients are both uv sensitive and defective in the nucleotide excision repair of damaged dna. these cellular phenotypes are amenable to experimental strategies employing complementation, an approach previously used to demonstrate the correction of xp-d phenotypes following the introduction of the xpd (ercc2) ... | 1994 | 7849702 |
| molecular cloning of murine pig-a, a gene for gpi-anchor biosynthesis, and demonstration of interspecies conservation of its structure, function, and genetic locus. | many membrane proteins are anchored to the cell membrane by glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi). the core structure and biosynthesis of the gpi anchor are well conserved in eukaryote cells. we previously cloned a human piga gene that participates in gpi anchor biosynthesis. we have now cloned complementary and genomic dna of pig-a, the murine homologue of piga, and compared its function and gene structure with those of piga. the deduced amino acid sequence of mouse pig-a is 88% identical with tha ... | 1994 | 7851884 |
| the essential yeast tcp1 protein affects actin and microtubules. | previously, we showed that the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae cold-sensitive mutation tcp1-1 confers growth arrest concomitant with cytoskeletal disorganization and disruption of microtubule-mediated processes. we have identified two new recessive mutations, tcp1-2 and tcp1-3, that confer heat- and cold-sensitive growth. cells carrying tcp1 alleles were analyzed after exposure to the appropriate restrictive temperatures by cell viability tests, differential contrast microscopy, fluorescent, and ... | 1994 | 7865875 |
| a type vii myosin encoded by the mouse deafness gene shaker-1. | genetic deafness is common, affecting about 1 in 2,000 births. many of these show primary abnormalities of the sensory neuroepithelia of the inner ear, as do several hearing-impaired mouse mutants, suggesting that genes involved in sensory transduction could be affected. here we report the identification of one such gene, the mouse shaker-1 (sh1) gene. shaker-1 homozygotes show hyperactivity, head-tossing and circling due to vestibular dysfunction, together with typical neuroepithelial-type coch ... | 1995 | 7870172 |
| ubp5 encodes a putative yeast ubiquitin-specific protease that is related to the human tre-2 oncogene product. | a gene from chromosome v of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae has been cloned and sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequence encoded by this gene is similar to several ubiquitin-specific proteases from yeast, especially at the highly conserved domain. it is thus named ubp5. ubp5 is also closely related to the human tre-2 and the mouse unp oncogene products. this study adds a new member to the ubiquitin protease family and suggests that alteration of ubiquitin protease activity may result in can ... | 1994 | 7871889 |
| cloning and functional characterization of a mammalian zinc transporter that confers resistance to zinc. | a cdna encoding a zinc transporter (znt-1) was isolated from a rat kidney cdna expression library by complementation of a mutated, zinc-sensitive bhk cell line. this cdna was used to isolate the homologous mouse znt-1 gene. the proteins predicted for these transporters contain six membrane-spanning domains, a large intracellular loop and a c-terminal tail. znt-1 is homologous to zinc and cobalt resistance genes of yeast. immunocytochemistry with an antibody to a myc epitope added to the c-termin ... | 1995 | 7882967 |
| characterization of cdna encoding mouse homolog of fission yeast dhp1+ gene: structural and functional conservation. | the dhp1+ gene of schizosaccharomyces pombe is a homolog of saccharomyces cerevisiae hke1/rat1/tap1 gene that is involved in rna metabolism such as rna trafficking and rna synthesis. dhp1+ is also related to s. cerevisiae dst2 (sep1) that encodes a dna strand exchange protein required for sporulation and homologous recombination in s.cerevisiae. we isolated several clones of dhm1, a mouse homolog of dhp1+, from mouse spermatocyte cdna library and determined its nucleotide sequence. the dhm1 gene ... | 1995 | 7885830 |
| an amino-terminal domain of mxi1 mediates anti-myc oncogenic activity and interacts with a homolog of the yeast transcriptional repressor sin3. | documented interactions among members of the myc superfamily support a yin-yang model for the regulation of myc-responsive genes in which transactivation-competent myc-max heterodimers are opposed by repressive mxi1-max or mad-max complexes. analysis of mouse mxi1 has led to the identification of two mxi1 transcript forms possessing open reading frames that differ in their capacity to encode a short amino-terminal alpha-helical domain. the presence of this segment dramatically augments the suppr ... | 1995 | 7889571 |
| a novel isoform of syntaxin-binding protein homologous to yeast sec1 expressed ubiquitously in mammalian cells. | munc-18/n-sec1/rbsec1, a brain homologue of the yeast sec1p protein, is thought to participate in regulating the docking and fusion of synaptic vesicles. we have screened the mouse cdna library of an min6 cell line, derived from pancreatic beta cells, for its novel isoform and have identified a cdna encoding a 593-amino acid protein having 63, 53, and 30% identity with munc-18/n-sec1/rbsec1, caenorhabditis elegans unc18, and saccharomyces cerevisiae sec1p, respectively. while munc-18/n-sec1/rbse ... | 1995 | 7890599 |
| biogenesis of isp6, a small carboxyl-terminal anchored protein of the receptor complex of the mitochondrial outer membrane. | to study the biogenesis of isp6, an outer membrane component of the mitochondrial protein translocation complex, two fusion proteins have been made by fusing isp6 to either the carboxyl- or amino-terminal end of the mouse dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr). in vitro import experiments showed that when dhfr was placed at the carboxyl-terminal end of isp6, the resulting fusion protein 6-dhfr inserted into mitochondrial membrane less efficiently than the other form of the fusion proteins. in vivo this ... | 1995 | 7890690 |
| cloning, expression, and characterization of cdnas encoding arabidopsis thaliana squalene synthase. | we have isolated and characterized two overlapping cdna clones for arabidopsis thaliana squalene synthase. their nucleotide sequences contained an open reading frame for a 410-amino acid polypeptide (calculated molecular mass, 47 kda). the deduced amino acid sequence of the arabidopsis polypeptide was significantly homologous (42-44% identical) to the sequences of known squalene synthases of several species, from yeast to man, but it was much less homologous to that of tomato phytoene synthase. ... | 1995 | 7892265 |
| identification of novel protein kinases expressed in the myocardium of the developing mouse heart. | in drosophila and caenorhabditis, signal transduction pathways initiated by the activation of receptor-protein tyrosine kinases can mediate developmental fate decisions. in order to examine whether similar mechanisms are employed during mammalian embryogenesis, we undertook a search for novel protein kinases expressed during heart development in the mouse. the primitive mouse heart is formed between 7.75 and 8.5 days post coitum (dpc) and consists of myocardial and endocardial cells. a reverse t ... | 1994 | 7893599 |
| high-resolution genetic map and yac contig around the mouse neurological locus reeler. | mutations at the recessive reeler locus (rl) on mouse chromosome (chr) 5 result in abnormal development of multiple central nervous system components, including the cerebral and cerebellar cortices. these abnormalities are characterized by highly disorganized laminar structures thought to have arisen from a post-migration failure of neuronal organization events that are probably mediated through cell-cell interactions. as a result of a mutagenesis scheme designed to generate visible recessive mu ... | 1994 | 7894155 |
| high-resolution genetic analysis of a deletion on mouse chromosome 17 extending over the fused, tufted, and homeobox nkx2-5 loci. | | 1994 | 7894168 |
| phosphatidylcholine translocase: a physiological role for the mdr2 gene. | p-glycoproteins (p-gps) encoded by the mouse mdr2 and mdr3 genes were expressed in secretory vesicles (svs) from the yeast mutant sec6-4, and their capacity to function as a lipid translocase/flippase was tested. an assay that uses a fluorescent phosphatidylcholine (pc) analog was developed to quantitate asymmetric lipid distribution in the outer and inner leaflets of the lipid bilayer of these vesicles. mdr2 expression in svs caused a time- and temperature-dependent enhancement of pc translocat ... | 1994 | 7912658 |
| structure and polymorphism of the mouse prion protein gene. | missense mutations in the prion protein (prp) gene, overexpression of the cellular isoform of prp (prpc), and infection with prions containing the scrapie isoform of prp (prpsc) all cause neurodegenerative disease. to understand better the physiology and expression of prpc, we retrieved mouse prp gene (prn-p) yeast artificial chromosome (yac), cosmid, phage, and cdna clones. physical mapping positions prn-p approximately 300 kb from ecotropic virus integration site number 4 (evi-4), compatible w ... | 1994 | 7912827 |
| the human dna-binding protein, po-ga, is homologous to the large subunit of mouse replication factor c: regulation by alternate 3' processing of mrna. | we have previously cloned a human gene encoding a 128-kda protein which we termed po-ga [lu et al., biochem. biophys. res. commun. 193 (1993) 779-786]. in the present report, we compared po-ga to recent dna database entries and determined that po-ga was 80% identical, at the amino-acid level, to the large subunit of replication factor c (activator 1) cloned from mouse [burbelo et al., proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 91 (1994) in press]. this indicates that po-ga probably represents the corresponding ... | 1994 | 7914507 |
| primary structure and expression of a human ctp:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase. | human ctp:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (ct) cdnas were isolated by pcr amplification of a human erythroleukemic k562 cell library. initially two degenerate oligonucleotide primers derived from the sequence of the rat liver ct cdna were used to amplify a centrally located 230 bp fragment. subsequently overlapping 5' and 3' fragments were amplified, each using one human ct primer and one vector-specific primer. two cdnas encoding the entire translated domain were also amplified. the human c ... | 1994 | 7918629 |
| the retinoblastoma protein and brg1 form a complex and cooperate to induce cell cycle arrest. | the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (rb) binds several cellular proteins involved in cell cycle progression. using the yeast two-hybrid system, we found that rb bound specifically to the protein brg1. brg1 shares extensive sequence similarity to drosophila brahma, an activator of homeotic gene expression, and the yeast transcriptional activator snf2/sw12. brg1 contains an rb-binding motif found in viral oncoproteins and bound to the a/b pocket and the hypophosphorylated form of rb. brg1 ... | 1994 | 7923370 |
| abl protein-tyrosine kinase selects the crk adapter as a substrate using sh3-binding sites. | to understand the normal and oncogenic functions of the protein-tyrosine kinase abl, the yeast two-hybrid system has been used for identifying proteins that interact with it. one interacting protein is crk-i, an sh3/sh2-containing adapter protein that was originally identified as the oncogenic element in the avian sarcoma virus ct10. direct interaction between the crk-i sh3 and abl at novel, approximately 10 amino acid sites just carboxy-terminal to the abl kinase domain occurs in vitro and in m ... | 1994 | 7926767 |
| 2 cloning and expression of mouse deoxycytidine kinase. pure recombinant mouse and human enzymes show differences in substrate specificity. | a cdna encoding mouse deoxycytidine kinase (dck) (ec 2.7.1.74) was cloned from a mouse t-cell lambda zap cdna library. an insert of 2.8 kilobases (kb) contained the entire coding sequence of 780 base pairs. the protein coding sequence was 88% homologous at the nucleotide level with human dck cdna (chottiner, e. g., shewach, d. s., datta, n. s., ashcraft, e., gribbin, d., ginsburg, d., fox, i. h., and mitchell, b. s. (1991) proc. natl. acad. sci. u. s. a. 88, 1531-1535). at the amino acid level t ... | 1994 | 7929097 |
| delta 9 acyl-lipid desaturases of cyanobacteria. molecular cloning and substrate specificities in terms of fatty acids, sn-positions, and polar head groups. | in cyanobacteria, the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids is initiated by delta 9 acyl-lipid desaturase which introduces the first double bond at the delta 9 position of a saturated fatty acid that has been esterified to a glycerolipid. we have cloned genes, designated desc, for delta 9 acyl-lipid desaturases from two cyanobacteria, namely anabaena variabilis and synechocystis sp. pcc 6803. these desaturases, when expressed in escherichia coli, desaturated stearic acid to yield oleic acid at ... | 1994 | 7929259 |
| the cd39 lymphoid cell activation antigen. molecular cloning and structural characterization. | cd39, a 70- to 100-kda molecule expressed primarily on activated lymphoid cells, was previously shown to mediate b cell homotypic adhesion when ligated with a subset of anti-cd39 mabs. in the present study, we describe the cloning and molecular characterization of human and murine cd39. the nucleotide sequence of human cd39 includes an open reading frame encoding a putative 510 amino acid protein with six potential n-linked glycosylation sites, 11 cys residues, and two potential transmembrane re ... | 1994 | 7930580 |
| cloning and sequencing of cdnas encoding the actin cross-linking protein transgelin defines a new family of actin-associated proteins. | we have used degenerate oligonucleotides, derived from the amino acid sequence of transgelin peptides [shapland et al., 1993: j. cell biol. 121:1065-1073], to isolate and sequence overlapping cdna clones encoding this actin gelling protein. primers with 5' restriction enzyme sites directed against the n and c terminal amino acids present in these clones were then used to amplify and clone the entire transgelin coding region from reverse transcribed rat small intestine cdna (rt-pcr). these studie ... | 1994 | 7954852 |
| structure of the human n-cadherin gene: yac analysis and fine chromosomal mapping to 18q11.2. | the cadherins are a large family of cell adhesion molecules involved in calcium-dependent recognition and adhesion events. we have used yac analysis to determine the structure of the human n-cadherin gene. an 850-kb yac was isolated and the entire n-cadherin gene mapped to a 250-kb region spanning three putative cpg islands. a pcr and cosmid subcloning strategy was used to define the boundaries for the 16 exons that compose the gene. these were shown to be not only highly conserved between mouse ... | 1994 | 7959764 |
| characterization of a cytotoxic factor produced by rat bladder cancer cell line: its identity to tnf alpha. | clone c19 derived from a rat bladder cancer cell line bc31ad constitutively released cytotoxic factor rcf. the serum-free c19-conditioned medium was partially purified by deae-sephacel, sephacryl s-200 and monoq-fplc chromatographies to the specific activity of 6.4 x 10(6) u/mg protein (lm assay). rcf was a 17-kda protein with pi 4.6-5.0. anti-rcf serum neutralized the cytotoxic activity of rat and mouse, but not human, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf alpha) as well as rcf. the partial amino ac ... | 1994 | 7959900 |
| cell cycle analysis and chromosomal localization of human plk1, a putative homologue of the mitotic kinases drosophila polo and saccharomyces cerevisiae cdc5. | polo and cdc5 are two genes required for passage through mitosis in drosophila melanogaster and saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively. both genes encode structurally related protein kinases that have been implicated in regulating the function of the mitotic spindle. here, we report the characterization of a human protein kinase that displays extensive sequence similarity to drosophila polo and s. cerevisiae cdc5; we refer to this kinase as plk1 (for polo-like kinase 1). the largest open reading ... | 1994 | 7962193 |
| activation of the eck receptor protein tyrosine kinase stimulates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity. | the eph/eck subfamily of receptor protein tyrosine kinases is currently the largest subfamily of receptor protein tyrosine kinases with a dozen members (van der geer, p., hunter, t., and lindberg, r. a. (1994) annu. rev. cell biol. 10, 251-337). using the cytoplasmic domain of eck as bait in a yeast two-hybrid screen of mouse embryonic and t-cell cdna libraries, it was discovered that the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase bound eck. further, using glutathione s-transferase fusion prot ... | 1994 | 7982920 |
| interleukin-2-mediated elimination of the p27kip1 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor prevented by rapamycin. | the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) enzymes, when associated with the g1 cyclins d and e, are rate-limiting for entry into the s phase of the cell cycle. during t-cell mitogenesis, antigen-receptor signalling promotes synthesis of cyclin e and its catalytic partner, cdk2, and interleukin-2 (il-2) signalling activates cyclin e/cdk2 complexes. rapamycin is a potent immunosuppressant which specifically inhibits g1-to-s-phase progression, leading to cell-cycle arrest in yeast and mammals. here we repo ... | 1994 | 7990932 |
| genome evolution: between the nucleosome and the chromosome. | intermediate between dna sequences and broad patterns of karyotypic change there is a major gap in understanding genome structure and evolution. the gap is at the megabase level between genes and chromosomes. new methods for analyzing large dna fragments cloned in yeast or bacterial vectors provide experimental access to genome evolution at the megabase level by enabling the assembly of megabase-size contiguous regions. genome evolution at the megabase level can also be studied using high-resolu ... | 1994 | 7994125 |
| structure of the mouse dipeptidyl peptidase iv (cd26) gene. | dipeptidyl peptidase iv (dpp iv, ec 3.4.14.5) is an ectopeptidase whose expression is modulated during thymocyte differentiation and t cell activation. we describe here the organization of the mouse dpp iv gene. this gene, which encompasses more than 90 kb, is composed of 26 exons separated by introns, the lengths of which vary from 100 bp to more than 20 kb. reverse pcr performed on rna from different tissues indicated that dpp iv transcripts do not contain alternatively spliced cds sequences a ... | 1994 | 7999781 |
| molecular cloning and functional expression of a cdna for mouse squalene synthase. | using a probe obtained by pcr amplification, a full-length cdna encoding squalene synthase was isolated from a mouse liver cdna library. its nucleotide sequence had an open reading frame fro a 416 amino acid polypeptide (calculated molecular mass, 48 kda). in vitro transcription of the cdna followed by in vitro translation produced a protein of the expected size. the deduced amino acid sequence was 93%, 88% and 46% identical to those of the rat, human and budding yeast squalene synthases, respec ... | 1995 | 7999794 |
| physical analysis of the terminal 270 kb of dna from human chromosome 1q. | dna from three 1q44-derived human telomeric yeast artificial chromosome clones was analyzed using physical mapping methods. the smallest clone, yrm2004 (65 kb), corresponded exactly to the distal end of the largest clone, yrm2123 (270 kb). the third clone, yrm2192, overlapped with the proximal end of yrm2123 but not the distal end, suggesting that it is most likely a deletion artifact of a clone originally derived from a 1q telomere fragment. data from fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis ... | 1994 | 8001968 |
| unusual chromosome structure of fission yeast dna in mouse cells. | chromosomes from the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe have been introduced into mouse cells by protoplast fusion. in most cell lines the yeast dna integrates into a single site within a mouse chromosome and results in striking chromosome morphology at metaphase. both light and electron microscopy show that the yeast chromosome region is narrower than the flanking mouse dna. regions of the yeast insert stain less intensely with propidium iodide than surrounding dna and bear a morphological ... | 1994 | 8006067 |
| identification of yac and cosmid clones encompassing the zfx-pola region using irradiation hybrid cell lines. | the human xp21.3-p22.1 region is poorly mapped relative to other x chromosome regions. to target cosmid and yac clones specifically from xp21.3-p22.1 for rapid contig construction, a hybridization-based screening approach using irradiation hybrids has been used. alu-pcr products generated from hybrid lines containing small overlapping fragments from xp21-p22 were hybridized to an x chromosome cosmid library, and cosmids predicted by their hybridization pattern to map to the region of interest we ... | 1994 | 8020959 |
| a 2-mb yac contig encompassing three loci (dxf34, dxs14, and dxs390) that lie between xp11.2 translocation breakpoints associated with incontinentia pigmenti type 1. | we demonstrate that all the repeat elements representing the conserved loci dxf34 and dxs390 lie between the x;9 and the x;17 translocation breakpoints associated with incontinentia pigmenti type 1 (ip1). sequence-tagged sites (stss) at dxf34s1, dxs14, and dxs390 have been used to isolate yac clones containing these loci, and a contig of approximately 2 mb has been constructed. patterns of hybridization observed in the yac clones indicate that dxs390 comprises two distinct regions (a and b). the ... | 1994 | 8034305 |
| sequences of the iron-sulfur protein precursor necessary for its import and two-step processing in yeast mitochondria. | gene fusion techniques were used to examine whether the presequence of the iron-sulfur protein contains sufficient information for the import of attached mouse cytosolic enzyme dihydrofolate reductase into isolated yeast mitochondria and its subsequent two-step processing. genes encoding amino-terminal segments of the iron-sulfur precursor protein including the proposed first presequence (residues 1-21), the complete presequence (residues 1-30), and various lengths of the precursor protein from ... | 1994 | 8037454 |
| anticryptococcal activity of macrophages: role of mouse strain, c5, contact, phagocytosis, and l-arginine. | the antifungal activity of nonactivated resident murine peritoneal macrophages for cryptococcus neoformans was studied. macrophages from five of six mouse strains tested had significant (40 to 80%) fungistatic activity, depending on the inoculum size, in a 24-hr coculture system. macrophages from two outbred (sw and icr) and three inbred (balb/c, c57bl/6, and dba/2j) strains were fungistatic. only macrophages from outbred cd-1 mice lacked fungistatic activity. heat-inactivated and c5-deficient s ... | 1994 | 8039240 |
| effect of tumour progression on the androgenic regulation of the androgen receptor, trpm-2 and ypt1 genes in the shionogi carcinoma. | progression of an androgen-dependent tumour to an androgen-independent state is characterized by the loss of apoptotic potential, a property of cells which have differentiated under the influence of androgens. in an attempt to relate progression to mechanisms of apoptotic failure, we compared the relative levels of expression of androgen receptor and trpm-2 (clusterin) genes in androgen-dependent and -independent tumours derived from the shionogi carcinoma. the amount of 10 kb androgen receptor ... | 1994 | 8049130 |
| meiosis-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of a yeast protein related to the mouse p51fert. | the fer locus of the mouse encodes two mrna species: one is constitutively transcribed, giving rise to a 94 kda tyrosine kinase (p94fert); the second is a meiosis-specific rna that gives rise to a 51 kda tyrosine kinase (p51fert). the p51fert rna and protein accumulate in primary spermatocytes that are in prophase of the first meiotic division. by using polyclonal antibodies directed against synthetic peptides derived from the unique amino-terminus of the mouse p51fert, a 51 kda phosphotyrosyl p ... | 1994 | 8052235 |
| rag-1 interacts with the repeated amino acid motif of the human homologue of the yeast protein srp1. | genes for immunoglobulins and t-cell receptor are generated by a process known as v(d)j recombination. this process is highly regulated and mediated by the recombination activating proteins rag-1 and rag-2. by the use of the two-hybrid protein interaction system, we isolated a human protein that specifically interacts with rag-1. this protein is the human homologue of the yeast srp1 (suppressor of a temperature-sensitive rna polymerase i mutation). the srp1-1 mutation is an allele-specific domin ... | 1994 | 8052633 |
| epr evidence for nitric oxide formation via l-arginine-dependent way in stomach of mice in vivo. | suspension of baker's yeast loaded with a specific trap of nitric oxide (no), a complex of fe2+ with exogenous diethyldithiocarbamate (detc), was used for the detection of no formed in mouse stomach at its adaptive relaxation in vivo. no formation was determined by the increase of intensity of the erp signal due to trapping of no in mononitrosyl iron complex with detc (mnic-detc) which appeared in yeast cells infused into the stomach. an increase in signal intensity was observed in stomach prepa ... | 1994 | 8061633 |
| the estrogen-inducible transferrin receptor-like membrane glycoprotein is related to stress-regulated proteins. | it was previously shown that estrogen induces a membrane glycoprotein (molecular mass, 95 kda) in the chicken oviducts, which exhibits several properties similar to transferrin receptors (poola, i., and lucas, j. j. (1988) j. biol. chem. 263, 19137-19146). in the present study, we have further investigated its molecular and transferrin binding properties. we have sequenced several internal peptides isolated from the purified protein by endopeptidase lys-c. we have found that it has a high degree ... | 1994 | 8063820 |
| phagocytosis of viable candida albicans by alveolar macrophages: flow cytometric quantification. | the phagocytic capacity of blood leukocytes may be assessed by flow cytometric techniques using fluorochrome-labeled particles including viable microorganisms. application of this approach to alveolar macrophages (am) is hampered or even rendered impossible by the strong autofluorescence of this cell type, superimposing the fluorescence intensity of the labeled phagocytic targets. viable candida albicans were loaded with the membrane-permeable fluorescent dye carboxy-seminaphtorhodafluor 2/aceto ... | 1994 | 8074245 |
| antigen-specific human monoclonal antibodies from mice engineered with human ig heavy and light chain yacs. | we describe a strategy for producing human monoclonal antibodies in mice by introducing large segments of the human heavy and kappa light chain loci contained on yeast artificial chromosomes into the mouse germline. such mice produce a diverse repertoire of human heavy and light chains, and upon immunization with tetanus toxin have been used to derive antigen-specific, fully human monoclonal antibodies. breeding such animals with mice engineered by gene targeting to be deficient in mouse immunog ... | 1994 | 8075633 |
| the deduced sequence of the novel protransglutaminase e (tgase3) of human and mouse. | at least three transglutaminases are involved in terminal differentiation events in the epidermis and its derivatives, such as the hair follicle, presumably in cross-linking structural proteins and in the formation of the cornified cell envelope. of these, only the transglutaminase 3 is a proenzyme, requiring activation by proteolytic cleavage, and is the least understood. using oligonucleotides designed from the amino acid sequences of peptides of the guinea pig enzyme, we amplified mrna and de ... | 1993 | 8099584 |
| isolation and characterization of aap1. a gene encoding an alanine/arginine aminopeptidase in yeast. | the yeast aap1 gene, encoding a putative amino-peptidase, was isolated based on its ability to suppress the temperature-sensitive growth on nonfermentable carbon sources of spr5, a stationary phase regulatory mutant. aap1 was physically mapped to chromosome viii between put2 and cup1. sequence analysis of the aap1 gene showed a 1581-nucleotide open reading frame capable of encoding a 59-kilodalton protein. the protein encoded by this open reading frame exhibits approximately 40% sequence identit ... | 1993 | 8100228 |
| isolation of a putative transcriptional regulator from the region of 22q11 deleted in digeorge syndrome, shprintzen syndrome and familial congenital heart disease. | a wide spectrum of birth defects are caused by deletions of the digeorge syndrome critical region (dgcr) at human chromosome 22q11. over one hundred such deletions have now been examined and a minimally deleted region of 300kb defined. within these sequences we have identified a gene expressed during human and murine embryogenesis. the gene, named tuple1, and its murine homologue, encodes a protein containing repeated motifs similar to the wd40 domains found in the beta-transducin/enhancer of sp ... | 1993 | 8111380 |
| characterization of a novel murine testis-specific serine/threonine kinase. | using degenerate oligos corresponding to two highly conserved motifs within the protein kinase catalytic domain and a pcr-based cloning strategy, we have isolated a cdna fragment encoding a new member of the ser/thr (serine/threonine) family of protein kinases. expression analysis revealed that the fragment recognized two transcripts (1.6 and 1.4 kb) exclusively in testis. using this fragment as a probe, we have cloned a full-length cdna from a mouse testis cdna library. the sequence has a 1092- ... | 1994 | 8112611 |
| cloning, expression, and chromosomal localization of the 140-kilodalton subunit of replication factor c from mice and humans. | we have isolated a full-length mouse cdna encoding a lysine-rich protein of 1,131 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 126 kda. the protein binds in a sequence-unspecific manner to dna, is localized exclusively in the nucleus, and contains a putative atp binding site and a stretch of 80 amino acids with homology to the carboxy terminus of prokaryotic dna ligases. on the basis of the following facts, we conclude that the isolated cdna encodes the 140-kda subunit of mouse replication fa ... | 1994 | 8114700 |
| relief of yy1-induced transcriptional repression by protein-protein interaction with the nucleolar phosphoprotein b23. | previous studies have shown that the transcription factor yy1 can both activate and repress transcription of many mammalian genes (reviewed by hahn (hahn, s. (1992) curr. biol. 2, 152-154)). given the diverse effects of the yy1 protein, it seems likely that its function depends on interaction with other cellular factors. we have used the yeast two-hybrid system to isolate mouse cdnas encoding proteins capable of directly binding to yy1. sequence analysis of one clone revealed it had an open read ... | 1994 | 8120001 |
| mammalian ferrochelatase, a new addition to the metalloenzyme family. | a [2fe-2s] cluster has been detected in mammalian ferrochelatase, the terminal enzyme of the heme biosynthetic pathway. natural ferrochelatase, purified from mouse livers, and recombinant ferrochelatase, purified from an overproducing strain of escherichia coli, were investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) and mössbauer spectroscopy. in their reduced forms, both the natural and recombinant ferrochelatases exhibited an identical epr signal with g values (g = 2.00, 1.93, and 1.90) an ... | 1994 | 8125912 |
| structure, function, and chromosome mapping of the growth-suppressing human homologue of the murine gas1 gene. | we describe the isolation, growth-suppressing activity, and chromosomal localization of the human homologue of the murine growth-arrest-specific gene gas1. overexpression of h-gas1 is able to block cell proliferation in the a549 lung carcinoma and the t24 bladder carcinoma cell lines. no effect was observed when h-gas1 was introduced into the osteosarcoma cell line saos-2 and into the adenovirus-type-5 transformed cell line 293. this finding is related to our previous evidence that simian virus ... | 1994 | 8127893 |
| a novel heparin-binding protein, hbp15, is identified as mammalian ribosomal protein l22. | a 15kda-protein (hbp15) was purified from mouse submandibular gland and bovine brain by virtue of its heparin-binding property. the amino acid sequences of mouse and bovine hbp15 showed a high degree of homology to a sea urchin protein encoded by gene called "development specific protein 217." using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction methods, cdna clones for hbp15 were isolated from submandibular gland mrna of mouse, human and pig, and sequenced. database search of hbp15 showed that ... | 1994 | 8135813 |
| human, mouse, and rat calnexin cdna cloning: identification of potential calcium binding motifs and gene localization to human chromosome 5. | calnexin is a 90-kda integral membrane protein of the endoplasmic reticulum (er). calnexin binds ca2+ and may function as a chaperone in the transition of proteins from the er to the outer cellular membrane. we have purified human calnexin in association with the human interferon-gamma receptor and cloned calnexin cdna from placenta. fragments of calnexin have been prepared as glutathione s-transferase fusion proteins and analyzed for their abilities to bind 45ca2+ and ruthenium red. a subdomain ... | 1994 | 8136357 |
| evidence for adhesin activity in the acid-stable moiety of the phosphomannoprotein cell wall complex of candida albicans. | previously, we showed that candida albicans hydrophilic yeast cells adhere specifically to mouse splenic marginal-zone macrophages. the adhesins are part of the yeast cell wall phosphomannoprotein complex, and one adhesin site, which reacts with the monoclonal antibody 10g, was identified as a beta-1,2-linked tetramannose in the acid-labile portion of the complex. we report here that the acid-stable part of the complex, which has not been reported previously to have adhesin activity, is in large ... | 1994 | 8168927 |
| elimination of mouse splenic macrophages correlates with increased susceptibility to experimental disseminated candidiasis. | to evaluate the role of macrophages in experimental disseminated candidiasis, mouse splenic macrophages were eliminated by i.v. delivery of liposome-entrapped dichloromethylene diphosphonate (l-cl2mdp). splenic tissue sections that were immunoperoxidase-stained with mabs against marginal zone macrophages (monts-4), red pulp macrophages (sk39), and neutrophils (sk208) showed that 3 days after l-cl2mdp treatment, macrophages but not neutrophils were depleted, and circulating neutrophils responded ... | 1994 | 8176217 |
| isolation of the genes encoding the 51-kilodalton and 28-kilodalton subunits of crithidia fasciculata replication protein a. | the genes encoding the 51-kilodalton subunit (p51) and the 28-kilodalton subunit (p28) of replication protein a (rp-a), designated cfarpa1 and cfarpa2 respectively, were cloned from the trypanosomatid crithidia fasciculata by screening a genomic dna library in the expression vector lambda gt11 with antibodies raised against purified c. fasciculata rp-a. cfarpa1 has a single open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 467 amino acids and a molecular mass of 52.0 kda. the predicted p51 polypeptid ... | 1994 | 8183313 |
| helicase-primase complex of herpes simplex virus type 1: a mutation in the ul52 subunit abolishes primase activity. | the ul52 gene product of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) comprises one subunit of a 3-protein helicase-primase complex that is essential for replication of viral dna. the functions of the individual subunits of the complex are not known with certainty, although it is clear that the ul8 subunit is not required for either helicase or primase activity. examination of the predicted amino acid sequence of the ul5 gene reveals the existence of conserved helicase motifs; it seems likely, therefore, ... | 1994 | 8189507 |
| rheb, a growth factor- and synaptic activity-regulated gene, encodes a novel ras-related protein. | neuronal activity results in long term cellular changes that underlie normal brain development and synaptic plasticity. to examine the molecular basis of activity-dependent plasticity, we have used differential cloning techniques to identify genes that are rapidly induced in brain neurons by synaptic activity. here we describe an inducible novel member of the ras family of small gtp-binding proteins we have termed rheb. rheb mrna is rapidly and transiently induced in hippocampal granule cells by ... | 1994 | 8206940 |
| molecular cloning and sequence analysis of u3 snorna-associated mouse fibrillarin. | we have isolated and determined the sequence of a 1.1-kb cdna from a murine wehi-3 macrophage library which encodes the highly conserved, nucleolar protein, fibrillarin. the murine fibrillarin protein sequence displays 94.2% identity with human fibrillarin, 82.9% identity with amphibian fibrillarin and 74.0% identity with the yeast fibrillarin homolog, nop1. immunoprecipitation showed that anti-fibrillarin autoantibodies from human scleroderma sera and the monoclonal autoantibody 72b9 recognize ... | 1993 | 8218401 |
| the etl-1 gene encodes a nuclear protein differentially expressed during early mouse development. | recently, we isolated a novel mouse gene, etl-1 (enhancer-trap-locus-1), whose deduced amino acid sequence shows in its c-terminal portion striking homology to the brahma protein (brm), a transcriptional regulator of homeotic genes in drosophila, and to snf2/swi2, a transcriptional regulator of various genes in saccharomyces cerevisiae. here we report the generation of antibodies against the etl-1 gene product (etl-1) and describe the subcellular localization as well as the expression and distri ... | 1993 | 8219362 |
| introduction and expression of the 400 kilobase amyloid precursor protein gene in transgenic mice [corrected]. | overexpression of the gene encoding the beta-amyloid precursor protein (app) may have a key role in the pathogenesis of both alzheimer's disease (ad) and down syndrome (ds). we have therefore introduced a 650 kilobase (kb) yeast artificial chromosome (yac) that contains the entire, unrearranged 400 kb human app gene into mouse embryonic stem (es) cells by lipid-mediated transfection. es lines were generated that contain a stably integrated, unrearranged human app gene. moreover, we demonstrate g ... | 1993 | 8220418 |
| recovery of transcriptionally active chromatin restriction fragments by binding to organomercurial-agarose magnetic beads. a rapid and sensitive method for monitoring changes in higher order chromatin structure during gene activation and repression. | the unfolding of nucleosomes along transcriptionally active dna sequences uncovers previously shielded cysteinyl-thiol groups of histone h3 molecules located at the center of the nucleosome core. this change in conformation and sh reactivity of nucleosomes along transcribed dna sequences makes it possible to separate active from inactive nucleosomes by mercury affinity chromatography. the binding of thiol-reactive nucleosomes to an organomercurial-agarose column has been shown previously to refl ... | 1993 | 8226865 |
| bay x1005, a new inhibitor of leukotriene synthesis: in vivo inflammation pharmacology and pharmacokinetics. | (r)-2-[4-(quinolin-2-yl-methoxy)phenyl]-2-cyclopentyl acetic acid) (bay x1005) is an orally active inhibitor of the synthesis of the leukotrienes b4 and c4 in selected animal models that effectively reduces the vascular phenomena of inflammation, i.e., edema formation and leukocyte immigration. the arachidonic acid-induced mouse ear inflammation test allowed the evaluation of the antiedematous effects of bay x1005 after topical (ed50, 18 micrograms/ear) and oral (ed50, 48.7 mg/kg) administration ... | 1993 | 8229782 |
| linking yeast genetics to mammalian genomes: identification and mapping of the human homolog of cdc27 via the expressed sequence tag (est) data base. | we describe a strategy for quickly identifying and positionally mapping human homologs of yeast genes to cross-reference the biological and genetic information known about yeast genes to mammalian chromosomal maps. optimized computer search methods have been developed to scan the rapidly expanding expressed sequence tag (est) data base to find human open reading frames related to yeast protein sequence queries. these methods take advantage of the newly developed blosum scoring matrices and the q ... | 1993 | 8234252 |
| dose-dependent effects of hydatid fluid toxins from echinococcus granulosus on mouse peritoneal macrophages. | hydatid fluid (hf) from hydatid cysts of the cestode echinococcus granulosus inhibited the phagocytosis of bacteria and yeast cells by host macrophages in vitro. different assays were used to study the dose-dependent effect of partially purified hf toxins on peritoneal macrophages (pm phi) of the mouse. trypan blue exclusion, as well as measuring the specific release of lactate dehydrogenase activity and 51cr release of 51cr-labelled pm phi, showed that incubation with hf toxins lead to the lysi ... | 1993 | 8244205 |
| germ-line transmission and developmental regulation of a 150-kb yeast artificial chromosome containing the human beta-globin locus in transgenic mice. | sequential expression of the genes of the human beta-globin locus requires the formation of an erythroid-specific chromatin domain spanning > 200 kb. regulation of this gene family involves both local interactions with proximal cis-acting sequences and long-range interactions with control elements upstream of the locus. to make it possible to analyze the interactions of cis-acting sequences of the human beta-globin locus in their normal spatial and sequence context, we characterized two yeast ar ... | 1993 | 8248258 |
| mutations of a muts homolog in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. | recent studies have shown that a locus responsible for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (hnpcc) is on chromosome 2p and that tumors developing in these patients contain alterations in microsatellite sequences (rer+ phenotype). we have used chromosome microdissection to obtain highly polymorphic markers from chromosome 2p16. these and other markers were ordered in a panel of somatic cell hybrids and used to define a 0.8 mb interval containing the hnpcc locus. candidate genes were then ma ... | 1993 | 8261515 |
| molecular cloning and developmental expression of the alpha-2 tubulin gene of caenorhabditis elegans. | alpha tubulin isotypes are encoded by at least four genes designated alpha-1 to alpha-4 in the nematode caenorhabditis elegans. we describe here, molecular cloning of the alpha-2 tubulin gene, located on chromosome i, that encodes a protein of 449 amino acids that has high homology to human, mouse and drosophila alpha tubulins, but relatively lower homology to the yeast alpha tubulins. the alpha-2 tubulin gene is trans-spliced to the sl1 leader sequence. northern analysis shows that the gene is ... | 1993 | 8263934 |
| functional analysis of mouse hoxa-7 in saccharomyces cerevisiae: sequences outside the homeodomain base contact zone influence binding and activation. | the murine developmental control gene product, hoxa-7, was shown to function as a dna-binding transactivator in saccharomyces cerevisiae. the importance of the atta core, the preference for antp class flanking nucleotides, the importance of asn-51 of the homeodomain (hd), and the synergism of multiple binding sites all reflect properties that have previously been described for hom or hox proteins in tissue culture systems. a comparison of contact positions among genes of paralog groups and class ... | 1994 | 8264592 |
| dna-binding properties and secondary structural model of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 3/fork head domain. | an 84-amino acid segment of qrf-1 [glutamine (q)-rich factor 1], a newly cloned, b-cell-derived dna-binding protein, shows significant sequence homology with the dna-binding domains of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 3/fork head family of proteins. here we demonstrate that this 84-amino acid domain is necessary and sufficient for dna binding. we also propose a secondary structural model for the domain. at the n-terminal portion of the model, a basic hook structure is followed by two amphipathic he ... | 1993 | 8265594 |
| the ph-dependent membrane association of procathepsin l is mediated by a 9-residue sequence within the propeptide. | the lysosomal proprotease procathepsin l binds to mouse fibroblast microsomal membranes at ph 5, but mature active cathepsin l does not (mcintyre, g.f., and erickson, a. h. (1991) j. biol. chem. 266, 15438-15445). this binding is not dependent on n-linked carbohydrate as procathepsin l synthesized in cells treated with tunicamycin still shows ph-dependent membrane association. these results suggest that the propeptide (thr18-lys113) of the cysteine protease mediates its ph-dependent membrane ass ... | 1994 | 8276852 |
| [neurocryptococcosis caused by nonencapsulated cryptococcus neoformans]. | the case of a patient with meningoencephafalitis due to a nonencapsulated strain of cryptococcus neoformans is reported; he had no risk factors for the disease or aids. clinical examination showed a chronic meningoencephalitis first diagnosed as tuberculosis. in the second cerebrospinal fluid (csf) examination after a week from admission yeasts appeared inside macrophage cells. csf culture in sabouraud medium disclosed nonencapsulated cryptococcus neoformans (biochemical identification). sample ... | 1993 | 8297248 |
| cell transformation by ras and regulation of its protein product. | we are studying the biological activity and regulation of mammalian ras protein in tumours and in physiological signalling. we have shown that gap (the gtpase-activating protein) is a potent negative regulator of normal ras in cells. reduction or loss of the nf1 gene product neurofibromin, in association with genetic abnormalities of the nf1 locus, has been identified in schwannoma cell lines from patients with neurofibromatosis and in melanoma and neuroblastoma lines from patients without neuro ... | 1993 | 8299427 |
| the hmg box-containing nucleolar transcription factor ubf interacts with a specific subunit of rna polymerase i. | the mammalian transcription activator protein ubf contains five tandemly repeated hmg homology domains which are required for dna binding. we have used highly purified rna polymerase i (pol i) and upstream binding factor (ubf) and investigated whether these two proteins interact in solution. we show by a variety of different experimental approaches, such as immunoprecipitation, glycerol gradient sedimentation, affinity chromatography and protein blotting, that ubf physically associates with pol ... | 1994 | 8306961 |
| differential expression and tissue distribution of type i and type ii neurofibromins during mouse fetal development. | mutations in the nf1 gene may cause developmental abnormalities and the formation of a variety of tumors of neural crest origin in humans. the nf1 gene codes for a large protein, neurofibromin (nf), which is structurally and functionally related to yeast and human ras-gtpase-activating proteins (ras-gaps). recently, two transcripts coding for type i and type ii nf with different ras-gap activity have been identified. since ras proteins do not appear to be significantly regulated during mouse dev ... | 1994 | 8314000 |
| a murine homolog of the yeast rna1 gene is required for postimplantation development. | a gene has been characterized that is required for postimplantation mouse development. the gene, designated fug1, was disrupted in embryonic stem cells by the u3neo gene trap retrovirus, and the disrupted allele was introduced into the germ line. homozygous mutant embryos arrest at the egg cylinder stage at about embryonic day 6 and are mostly resorbed by day 8.5. the appearance of the proamniotic cavity is delayed, and epiblast cells that surround the cavity are disorganized. fug1 transcripts a ... | 1994 | 8314081 |
| enzymic characterization of murine and human prohormone convertase-1 (mpc1 and hpc1) expressed in mammalian gh4c1 cells. | prohormone convertase-1 (pc1), an endopeptidase that is structurally related to the yeast subtilisin-like kex2 gene product, has been proposed to be involved in mammalian tissue-specific prohormone processing at pairs of basic residues. to better study this enzyme, a rat somatomammotroph cell line, gh4c1, was infected with vaccinia virus recombinants of murine pc1 (mpc1) and human pc1 (hpc1). an enzymically active form of each protein was secreted into the cell medium and partially purified by a ... | 1993 | 8318017 |
| dispensable sequence motifs in the rag-1 and rag-2 genes for plasmid v(d)j recombination. | as a probe of whether rag-1 and rag-2 gene products activate other genes or form part of the recombinase itself, certain mutants of the rag genes were assayed for their ability to activate variable-diversity-joining region [v(d)j] recombination in a plasmid substrate in fibroblasts. the results indicate that the n-terminal one-third of rag-1, including a zinc-finger-like domain, and an acidic domain of rag-2 are dispensable for activating v(d)j recombination in a fibroblast, although they contri ... | 1993 | 8327489 |
| puromycin inhibits protein import into mitochondria by interfering with an intramitochondrial atp-dependent reaction. | we have performed experiments which demonstrate that puromycin inhibits the import of proteins into mitochondria in in vitro reactions containing mitochondria isolated from the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and precursor proteins synthesized in a nuclease-treated rabbit reticulocyte lysate. puromycin inhibited the import of several precursor proteins including; a fusion protein consisting of the first 22 n-terminal residues of yeast cytochrome oxidase subunit iv fused to mouse dihydrofolate red ... | 1993 | 8334141 |
| identification of an isoform with an extremely large cys-rich region of pc6, a kex2-like processing endoprotease. | in the previous study [1993, j. biochem. (tokyo) 113, 132-135] we identified pc6, a member of the kex2 family of processing endoproteases. in this study, we identified another cdna encoding an isoform of pc6, and designated it as pc6b and redesignated the originally identified pc6 as pc6a. pc6b had a very large cys-rich region consisting of 22-times repeats of a cys-rich motif, and a putative transmembrane domain which is not present in pc6a. a pc6b transcript was found mainly in the intestine, ... | 1993 | 8335106 |
| binding of candida albicans yeast cells to mouse popliteal lymph node tissue is mediated by macrophages. | we previously reported that candida albicans yeast cells adhere to the macrophage-rich medullary and subcapsular sinus areas of mouse lymph node tissue. to determine whether the yeast cell-lymph node interaction is mediated by macrophages, the effect of specific elimination of macrophages on yeast cell binding was studied, and yeast cell adherence was correlated with the ingestion of india ink by lymph node cells. macrophage elimination was done by use of liposome-containing dichloromethylene di ... | 1993 | 8335357 |
| differential host susceptibility to intracerebral infections with candida albicans and cryptococcus neoformans. | to investigate the immune defense mechanisms employed against fungi in the brain, mice were experimentally infected by intracerebral inoculation of candida albicans or cryptococcus neoformans. parameters such as median survival time and numbers of yeast cells in the brains were assessed for naive and immunomodulated mice. we found that no mice survived either c. albicans or c. neoformans challenge at doses of > or = 10(6) yeast cells per mouse. however, when the inoculum size was decreased (< or ... | 1993 | 8335378 |
| properties and intracellular localization of phosphatidylinositol transfer protein in swiss mouse 3t3 cells. | | 1993 | 8359474 |
| coupling of cytosolic protein synthesis and mitochondrial protein import in yeast. evidence for cotranslational import in vivo. | we have utilized a homologous cell-free mitochondrial protein import system derived from the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, in addition to performing a series of in vivo experiments in yeast, to investigate the coupling between cytosolic protein synthesis and protein transport into mitochondria. we found that the import of bulk mitochondrial proteins was inhibited in both the homologous in vitro reaction and in vivo upon arrest of cytosolic protein synthesis with the addition of cycloheximide. ... | 1993 | 8380582 |
| the expression of human relaxin in yeast. | the chemically synthesized dna-coding sequence for an artificial single chain human relaxin consisting of a b chain, an arg-arg-glu-phe-lys-arg-connecting peptide, followed by the a chain, was used to construct two plasmids which were introduced into saccharomyces cerevisiae. expression of the relaxin-coding sequence was under the control of either the yeast tdh3 promoter or the cup1 promoter. the yeast alpha-factor signal sequence was used to direct the protein into the secretory path, and the ... | 1993 | 8382033 |
| isolation and purification of aeromonas sobria cytotonic enterotoxin and beta-haemolysin. | aeromonas sp., grown in tryptone soya broth supplemented with yeast extract, 0.6%, ph 7.5, and incubated with agitation at 100 oscillations/min for 15 h at 37 degrees c produced optimal amounts of beta-haemolysin and cytotonic enterotoxin. more prolonged incubation resulted in the loss of enterotoxic activity and anion exchange chromatographic analysis indicated the presence of a moiety capable of breaking down the toxin. anion exchange fast protein liquid chromatography resulted in a single pea ... | 1993 | 8384263 |
| rars and rxrs: evidence for two autonomous transactivation functions (af-1 and af-2) and heterodimerization in vivo. | we have previously reported that the ab regions of retinoic acid receptors (rars and rxrs) contain a transcriptional activation function capable of modulating the activity of the ligand-dependent activation function present in the c-terminal de regions of these receptors. however, we could not demonstrate that these ab regions possess an autonomous activation function similar to the af-1s found in the ab regions of steroid hormone receptors. using the mouse crbpii promoter as a reporter gene, we ... | 1993 | 8389696 |
| analysis of glyoxalase-i from normal and tumor tissue from human colon. | glyoxalase-i (gly-i) is part of the glyoxalase system which converts methylglyoxal to d-lactic acid via an s-d-lactoylglutathione intermediate. this glutathione (gsh)-binding protein was purified from human colon tumors and corresponding normal tissue. the gsh-affinity purified fraction from normal human colon tissue showed enzyme activity of 30.6 +/- 11.5 mumol/min per mg protein, with methylglyoxal as substrate. corresponding fractions from carcinomas showed significantly elevated gly-i activi ... | 1993 | 8399366 |
| tandem linkage of genes coding for leukemia inhibitory factor (lif) and oncostatin m (osm) on human chromosome 22. | leukemia-inhibitory factor (lif) and oncostatin m (osm) are members of a family of structurally similar growth factors presenting overlapping and specific functions. although the genes coding for il-6, csf3 and cntf are scattered in the human and mouse genome, human lif and osm genes have conserved synteny in the course of evolution. through isolation of a yac and a cosmid clone containing both lif and osm we demonstrate that the two genes are linked in tandem on human chromosome 22q12, separate ... | 1993 | 8404048 |
| sequence of a cdna encoding wheat eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor 4a. | a cdna encoding wheat translation initiation factor 4a (eif-4a) was isolated from a wheat cdna library and sequenced. the deduced wheat eif-4a amino acid sequence from the cdna is compared to eif-4a from arabidopsis thaliana, tobacco, mouse and saccharomyces cerevisiae. putative rna helicase motifs, and putative atp-binding and hydrolysis sites are identified. | 1993 | 8406026 |
| localization of kex2-like processing endoproteases, furin and pc4, within mouse testis by in situ hybridization. | by in situ hybridization analysis, we show here the localization of furin and pc4, which are both members of a growing family of endoproteases structurally related to the yeast precursor processing protease kex2, within mouse testis. furin transcript was detected in both germ and somatic cells, while pc4 transcript was found only in round spermatids. proenkephalin transcript was also localized in round spermatids. these observations suggest that, within testis, pc4 is involved in processing of p ... | 1993 | 8422932 |
| cloning and characterization of eagi yacs from human chromosome 21. | yeast artificial chromosomes (yacs) were made from a total eagi digest of dna from a mouse-human chromosome 21 hybrid cell line. approximately 3750 yacs, corresponding to 75-125 human yacs, with an average size of approximately 100 kb were recovered. southern hybridization indicates that the chimera frequency in this library may be less than 3%. thirty-four of the human eagi yacs were regionally assigned by a number of methods. some yacs were regionally assigned to one of six chromosome regions ... | 1993 | 8432544 |
| patterns of mitochondrial sorting in yeast zygotes. | inheritance of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) in saccharomyces cerevisiae is usually biparental. pedigree studies of zygotic first buds indicate limited mixing of wild-type (p+) parental mtdnas: end buds are frequently homoplasmic for one parental mtdna, while heteroplasmic and recombinant progeny usually arise from medial buds. in crosses involving certain petites, however, mitochondrial inheritance can be uniparental. in this study we show that mitochondrial sorting can be influenced by the parenta ... | 1993 | 8443407 |