| experimental manipulation of yolk testosterone affects digit length ratios in the ring-necked pheasant (phasianus colchicus). | in humans, most of the mammals and one bird species studied so far, the relative length of individual digits is sexually dimorphic. most studies of humans have been concerned with the ratio between second (2d) and fourth digits (4d), whereas some studies of humans and other mammals have also investigated other digit ratios. inter- and intra-sexual variation in 2d:4d may depend on differential exposure to androgens during embryonic life, and the genetic mechanisms linking 2d:4d to androgens may b ... | 2005 | 15878573 |
| [surveillance on severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus in animals at a live animal market of guangzhou in 2004]. | to study the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov) like virus in animals at a live animal market of guanzhou in 2004 before and after culling of wild animal action taken by the local authority, in order to predict the re-emerging of sars from animal originals in this region. | 2005 | 15921605 |
| the effects of flubendazole and mebendazole on cytochromes p4501a in pheasant hepatocytes. | many benzimidazoles are known inducers of cytochromes p4501a (cyp1a) in laboratory animals and cell lines. as flubendazole and mebendazole are benzimidazole anthelmintics often used in a pheasant, in the present study an effect of these drugs in primary cultures of pheasant (phasianus colchicus) hepatocytes was investigated. after 48 h incubation of the hepatocytes with the benzimidazoles (0.2-5 microm), cyp1a activities -- ethoxyresorufin o-deethylation (erod) and methoxyresorufin o-demethylati ... | 2004 | 15924931 |
| tissue-specific distribution of carotenoids and vitamin e in tissues of newly hatched chicks from various avian species. | the aim of this study was to evaluate carotenoid and vitamin e distribution in egg and tissues of newly hatched chicks from wild mallard (anas platyrhynchos), game pheasant (phasianus colchicus), free-range guinea fowl (numida meleagris), hen (gallus domesticus) and domestic duck (anas platyrhynchos) and intensively housed hens. carotenoid concentrations in the egg yolk of free-range guinea fowl, pheasant and wild mallard were similar (61.3-79.2 microg/g). egg yolks from ducks and intensively ho ... | 2005 | 15936711 |
| fertility and content of cadmium in pheasant (phasianus colchicus) following cadmium intake in drinking water. | in this study, the effects of cadmium applied per os on fertility, live weight of newly hatched chicks, and cadmium concentrations in some organs of young and adult pheasants were investigated. the metal was applied at the concentration of 1.5 mg cd(2+)/l during 3 months. after the egg laying, the numbers of eggs laid, cracked, and unfertilized were determined and the live weights of newly hatched chicks were measured. the cadmium concentrations in liver, kidney, and muscle (m. pectoralis) of yo ... | 2005 | 15978296 |
| pathology and first occurrence of the kidney trematode paratanaisia bragai (santos, 1934) freitas, 1959 (digenea: eucotylidae) in phasianus colchicus l., 1758, from brazil. | the kidney trematode paratanaisia bragai is reported for the first time parasitizing the ring-necked pheasant (phasianus colchicus l., 1758) and the pathological alterations associated to the parasitism are referred on the basis of 50 specimens of this bird from backyard flocks in 11 counties of the state of rio de janeiro, brazil after clinical examination, necropsies, and histopathological analysis. the counting of the kidney flukes was based on worms recovered from one of the kidneys, since t ... | 2005 | 16113870 |
| morphometric studies on the testis of korean ring-necked pheasant (phasianus colchicus karpowi) during the breeding and non-breeding seasons. | the purpose of this study was to obtain detailed quantitative information on all cell types in the testis interstitium of korean ring-necked pheasants and to combine these data with changes in the steroidogenic function of the testis during the breeding and non-breeding seasons. for animals collected during the breeding season, their testis weights, sperm production, serum testosterone levels and leuteinizing hormone (lh)-stimulated testosterone secretion were significantly (p < 0.01) increased ... | 2005 | 16142609 |
| survey on helminthofauna in pheasants from eastern europe. | in order to assess the parasitological status in imported pheasants, 51 birds (phasianus colchicus) coming from poland and rumania and used in italy in repopulation interventions for hunting purposes were examined. from each animal the trachea, oesophagus, crop and intestine were collected and examined for the presence of nematodes. the examination of the oesophagi and crops of 5 birds revealed the presence of parasites pertaining to the family capillariidae: eucoleus contortus was found in all ... | 2005 | 16252480 |
| factors affecting the toxicity of methylmercury injected into eggs. | we developed a standardized protocol for comparing the sensitivities of the embryos of different bird species to methylmercury when methylmercury was injected into their eggs. during the course of developing this protocol, we investigated the effects of various factors on the toxicity of the injected methylmercury. most of our experiments were done with chicken (gallus domesticus), mallard (anas platyrhynchos), and ring-necked pheasant (phasianus colchicus) eggs, all of which were purchased in l ... | 2006 | 16307214 |
| comparison of the replication of influenza a viruses in chinese ring-necked pheasants and chukar partridges. | we investigated the replication and transmission of avian influenza a viruses in two species thought to be intermediate hosts in the spread of influenza a viruses in live poultry markets: chinese ring-necked pheasants and chukar partridges. all 15 hemagglutinin subtypes replicated in pheasants, and most subtypes transmitted to naïve contact pheasants, primarily via the fecal-oral route. many viruses were shed from the gastrointestinal tract of experimentally inoculated pheasants for 14 days or l ... | 2006 | 16474123 |
| coronaviruses in poultry and other birds. | the number of avian species in which coronaviruses have been detected has doubled in the past couple of years. while the coronaviruses in these species have all been in coronavirus group 3, as for the better known coronaviruses of the domestic fowl (infectious bronchitis virus [ibv], in gallus gallus), turkey (meleagris gallopavo) and pheasant (phasianus colchicus), there is experimental evidence to suggest that birds are not limited to infection with group 3 coronaviruses. in china coronaviruse ... | 2005 | 16537157 |
| effects of photoperiod and intermittent lighting on reproduction in pheasant hens. | forty 28-wk-old ring-necked pheasant hens were equally distributed among 5 treatment groups and exposed to the following light schedules for 36 wk: treatment 1 - 16l:8d; treatment 2 - 1l:11d:4l:8d; treatment 3 - 1l:13d:2l:8d; treatment 4 - 1l:14d:1l:8d; and treatment 5 - 1l:14.5d:0.5l:8d. the number of days from stimulatory lighting to the first egg was significantly (p<0.05) greater under the intermittent schedules (20.3, 29.5, 40.3, 44.4, and 57.7 d, respectively) when the subjective daylength ... | 1988 | 16726471 |
| changes in parasite transmission stage excretion after pheasant release. | the production of parasite transmission stages was investigated in the faeces of 77 farm-bred ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus). coccidian oocysts (eimeria sp.), and nematode eggs (heterakis sp., and capillaria-like eggs) were recovered before and after release but all birds were treated prior to release. treatment with fenbendazole significantly reduced the abundance of transmission-stage excretion for all parasites, and reduced the prevalence in the case of eimeria sp. and heterakis ... | 2006 | 16923277 |
| [the helminth and coccidial fauna of pheasants (phasianus colchicus) in view of the specific environmental conditions in pheasantries and in the wild]. | between october 1999 and january 2000 all together 151 male pheasants were examined for endoparasites. 33 one-year-old birds came from two pheasantries, the remaining 118 birds, aged between one and five years, were wildlife animals. the infestation extensy of all pheasants with endoparasites were 96.7%. a mostly low infestation with coccidia of the three species eimeria (e.) phasiani, e. duodenalis and e. tetartooimia were detected in 41% of all birds. e. tetartooimia was found in germany for t ... | 2006 | 17009712 |
| consequences of prenatal androgen exposure for the reproductive performance of female pheasants (phasianus colchicus). | maternal hormones in vertebrate eggs can mediate important forms of maternal effects. however, the function of hormone transfer to the eggs is still debated, especially because long-term fitness consequences have been little studied. we investigated the effect of prenatal exposure to physiologically elevated yolk testosterone (t) levels on reproduction of female pheasants (phasianus colchicus) in captivity. we found that females hatching from t-injected eggs (t-females) had a lower egg-laying ra ... | 2007 | 17018428 |
| predation as a cause of neurologic signs and acute mortality in a pheasant flock. | a flock of approximately 15,000 ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus) was evaluated for a sudden increase in mortality and acute neurological signs after having been previously diagnosed 3 wk earlier with a chronic respiratory disease of undetermined etiology. approximately 25 live birds were displaying neurological signs including circling, ataxia, and obtunded behavior and 50 birds were dead. three birds with neurological signs were submitted for evaluation. extensive subcutaneous hemorr ... | 2006 | 17039853 |
| changes in haematological profile of common pheasant (phasianus colchicus) induced by transit to pheasantry. | the aim of this study was to assess haematological changes in hand-reared pheasants (phasianus colchicus) transported from intensive housing facilities to a pheasantry. selected haematological parameters were monitored in a group of 100 pheasants (50 males and 50 females) aged of 9 weeks that were transported for 4 hours by a covered lorry in crates, with a total body weight of 12 +/- 0.5 kg per crate (group c12 - floor space: 290 cm2/kg) and with a total body weight of 18 +/- 0.5 kg per crate ( ... | 2006 | 17078531 |
| [cuclotogaster heterographus (mallophaga: lipeuridae) infestation on ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus) in konya]. | the aim of this study was to detect ectoparasites on ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus) in konya. on the research and experimental farm of the faculty of veterinary medicine at selcuk university, 55 ring-necked pheasants were observed to be infested with ectoparasites. because of this, the pheasants were put into a large cartoon-box, the bottom of which was covered with a white paper and were treated with propoxur for a few minutes. the ectoparasites that had fallen on the paper were tr ... | 2006 | 17124663 |
| the effect of an indirect anthelmintic treatment on parasites and breeding success of free-living pheasants phasianus colchicus. | in great britain free-living common pheasants phasianus colchicus are often managed at high densities owing to their popularity as a quarry species. they are prone to infection by a range of parasite species including heterakis gallinarum, capillaria spp. and syngamus trachea. in 1995 the efficacy of an indirect anthelmintic technique for controlling parasitic worm burdens of pheasants was determined in a pilot study on a shooting estate in the south of england. between 2000 and 2003 a large-sca ... | 2006 | 17125551 |
| increased egg estradiol concentration feminizes digit ratios of male pheasants (phasianus colchicus). | the length ratio between individual digits differs between males and females in humans, other mammals, lizards, and one bird species. sexual dimorphism in digit ratios and variation among individuals of the same sex may depend on differential exposure to androgens and estrogens during embryonic life. organizational effects of sex hormones could cause the observed correlations between digit ratios and diverse phenotypic traits in humans. however, no study has investigated experimentally the effec ... | 2007 | 17136513 |
| distribution of acid glycosidases in the male genital tract of the pheasant. | the distribution of the activity of seven acid glycosidases in the reproductive organs of the pheasant (phasianus colchicus) was studied. the study was carried out on seven mature birds at the age of 11 months during the reproductive season (may). significant (p<0.01) differences in acid glycosidase activity dependent on enzyme origin were observed. generally, the highest activity of acid glycosidases was found in the epididymis, intermediate in the ductus deferens and the lowest in the testes. ... | 2006 | 17220943 |
| activities of biotransformation enzymes in pheasant (phasianus colchicus) and their modulation by in vivo administration of mebendazole and flubendazole. | basal activities of certain pheasant hepatic and intestinal biotransformation enzymes and modulation of their activities by anthelmintics flubendazole (flbz) and mebendazole (mbz) were investigated in subcellular fractions that were prepared from liver and small intestine of control and flbz or mbz treated birds. several oxidation, reduction and conjugation enzyme activities were assessed. in the liver, treatment of pheasants by flbz or mbz caused very slight or no changes in monooxygenase activ ... | 2007 | 17316720 |
| newcastle disease in pheasants (phasianus colchicus): a review. | newcastle disease (nd) is regarded throughout the world as one of the most important diseases of poultry, not only due to the serious disease and high flock mortality that may result from some nd virus (ndv) infections, but also through the economic impact that may ensue due to trading restrictions and embargoes placed on areas and countries where outbreaks have occurred. all ages of pheasants are purported to be highly susceptible to infection with ndv, but clinical signs and mortality levels i ... | 2008 | 17383205 |
| outbreak of newcastle disease in pheasants (phasianus colchicus) in south-east england in july 2005. | | 2007 | 17416725 |
| laying characteristics of one- and two-year old pheasants (phasianus colchicus, l.). | the aim ofthe study was to assess laying traits, the weight of eggs and characters ofthe laying rhythm of pheasants in the first and second years of reproduction. pheasants (10 cockerels and 50 hens) were kept in aviaries. daily, individual control of laying was performed beginning with the day of the first laying and ending with the last egg. the following parameters were evaluated: age at first laying, length of the laying period, number of laid eggs and the average weight of the egg in the 8t ... | 2007 | 17687936 |
| the occurrence in nature of "equine encephalomyelitis" in the ring-necked pheasant. | | 1938 | 17755381 |
| lead pellet ingestion and liver-lead concentrations in upland game birds from southern ontario, canada. | one-hundred twenty-three gizzards from upland game birds (chukar, alectoris chukar; and common pheasant, phasianus colchicus) harvested by hunters in southern ontario, canada, were examined for lead pellet ingestion by manual examination of gizzard contents and by radiography. lead pellets were found to be ingested by chukars (6/76; 8%) and the common pheasant (16/47; 34%). further, 13% (17/129) of the bird (wild turkey, meleagris gallopavo; hungarian partridge, perdix perdix; chukar; and common ... | 2008 | 17763885 |
| plasma pharmacokinetics of midazolam in chickens, turkeys, pheasants and bobwhite quail. | in vivo plasma pharmacokinetics of midazolam hydrochloride (5 mg/kg i.v.) were determined in commercially raised broiler chickens, turkeys, ring-necked pheasants and bobwhite quail. pharmacokinetic profiles of midazolam were similar for all four species, especially with regard to the area under the plasma drug concentration-time curve. estimates of the half-life of elimination of midazolam were 0.42, 1.45, 1.90, and 9.71 h for turkeys, chickens, bobwhite quail, and pheasant, respectively. this w ... | 2007 | 17803735 |
| [complex environmental and virological monitoring in the primorye territory in 2003-2006]. | the paper presents the results of monitoring of viruses of western nile (wn), japanese encephalitis (je), tick-borne encephalitis (tbe), geta, influenza a, as well as avian paramicroviruses type i (virus of newcastle disease (nd)) and type 6 (apmv-6) in the primorye territory in 2003-2006. totally throughout the period, specific antibodies to the viruses were detected by neutralization test in wild birds (7.3%, wn; 8.0%, geta; 0.7% batai; 2.8%, alpine hare (lepus timidus); by hemagglutination-in ... | 2007 | 18041224 |
| influence of storage conditions and shotshell wounding on the hygienic condition of hunted, uneviscerated pheasant (phasianus colchicus). | the effects of shot wounds on the hygienic conditions of pheasants (particularly those in the body cavity) were studied. slaughtered (n = 33) and hunted pheasants (31 specimens with, and 33 specimens without shots in the body cavity) were stored uneviscerated at 0 and 4 degrees c. specimens were taken at d 0, 3, 7, and 14. hunted pheasants differed from slaughtered pheasants with respect to muscular hemorrhages and blood and fecal matter in the body cavity but also with regard to the presence of ... | 2008 | 18079470 |
| species differences in the sensitivity of avian embryos to methylmercury. | we injected doses of methylmercury into the air cells of eggs of 26 species of birds and examined the dose-response curves of embryo survival. for 23 species we had adequate data to calculate the median lethal concentration (lc(50)). based on the dose-response curves and lc(50)s, we ranked species according to their sensitivity to injected methylmercury. although the previously published embryotoxic threshold of mercury in game farm mallards (anas platyrhynchos) has been used as a default value ... | 2009 | 18421496 |
| incidence of toxoplasma gondii in populations of wild birds in the czech republic. | the protozoan parasite toxoplasma gondii was isolated from 193 individuals of 25 wild avian species, in a survey between 1981 and 90 in which 5880 individuals, comprising 76 species, were examined. the incidence of t. gondii was 18% in rooks (corvus frugilegus), 12% in mallards (anas platyrhynchos), 8% in common buzzards (buteo buteo), 2% in pheasants (phasianus colchicus) and 0.5% in house sparrows (passer domesticus) and differed significantly in these species (x(2) test, p<0.001). in rooks, t ... | 1992 | 18670984 |
| reproduction of wild birds via interspecies germ cell transplantation. | the present study was conducted to apply an interspecies germ cell transfer technique to wild bird reproduction. pheasant (phasianus colchicus) primordial germ cells (pgcs) retrieved from the gonads of 7-day-old embryos were transferred to the bloodstream of 2.5-day-old chicken (gallus gallus) embryos. pheasant-to-chicken germline chimeras hatched from the recipient embryos, and 10 pheasants were derived from testcross reproduction of the male chimeras with female pheasants. gonadal migration of ... | 2008 | 18685127 |
| retinal detachment in the pheasant (phasianus colchicus). | retinal detachment was observed as a cause of blindness in small numbers of reared pheasants in widely separated geographical areas. lesions were bilateral but asymmetrical in 16 birds. in three pheasants only one eye was affected. clinical signs were first noticed at 5 weeks of age. affected birds were blind by the time they were mature. early lesions comprised subretinal fluid and degeneration of the vitreous body. following separation of the retina at the junction of the pigmented epithelium ... | 1986 | 18766570 |
| prevalence of thermotolerant campylobacter in pheasants (phasianus colchicus). | the present study was undertaken with the aim to evaluate the prevalence of thermotolerant campylobacter spp. in living pheasants in italy. to achieve this goal, a total of 240 living pheasants, equally shared between female and male birds, were examined. thermotolerant campylobacter spp. was isolated in 104 out of 204 (43.3%) living pheasants analysed. campylobacter coli (100%) and campylobacter jejuni (13.5%) were identified by polymerase chain reaction. adult pheasants showed a significantly ... | 2008 | 18798025 |
| a nonlethal microsampling technique to monitor the effects of mercury on wild bird eggs. | methylmercury is the predominant chemical form of mercury reported in the eggs of wild birds, and the embryo is the most sensitive life stage to methylmercury toxicity. protective guidelines have been based mainly on captive-breeding studies with chickens (gallus gallus), mallards (anas platyrhynchos), and ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus) or on field studies where whole eggs were collected and analyzed and the effects of the mercury were measured based on the reproductive success of t ... | 2009 | 18937540 |
| key amino acids in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor predict dioxin sensitivity in avian species. | dioxin-like compounds are toxic to most vertebrates, but significant differences in sensitivity exist among species. a recent study suggests that the amino acid residues corresponding to ile324 and ser380 in the chicken aryl hydrocarbon receptor 1 (ahr1) are important determinants of differential biochemical responses to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) in chickens and common terns. here, we investigate whether the identity of these amino acid residues can predict embryonic sensitivity ... | 2008 | 18939598 |
| dispersal of viable row-crop seeds of commercial agriculture by farmland birds: implication for genetically modified crops. | to address some concerns about the expansion of genetically engineered pharmaceutical and industrial crops to outdoor plantings and potential impacts on the human food supply, we determined whether commercial agriculture seeds of maize or corn zea mays l., barley hordeum vulgare l., safflower carthamus tinctorius l. and rice oryza sativa l. are digested or pass viably through the digestive tract, or are transported externally, by captive mallard ducks anas platyrhynchos l., ring-necked pheasants ... | 2008 | 19081011 |
| effect of different egg storage times on some egg quality characteristics and hatchability of pheasants (phasianus colchicus). | in this study, some quality characteristics and hatchability characteristics of 1 to 2, 3 to 4, 5 to 6, 7 to 8, 9 to 10, 11 to 12, and 13 to 14 d stored pheasant eggs were investigated. although it was determined that the effect of storage time on egg weight, shape index, and albumen weight was not significant, the effect of storage time on eggshell weight, shell thickness, yolk weight, albumen index, yolk index, haugh unit, shell percentage, albumen percentage, and yolk percentage was significa ... | 2009 | 19151360 |
| a nomenclature for avian coronavirus isolates and the question of species status. | currently, there is no agreed naming system for isolates of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), whose host is the domestic fowl (gallus gallus domesticus). a uniform, informative system for naming ibv isolates would be very helpful. furthermore, the desirability of a single naming system has become more important with the recent discoveries that coronaviruses with genome organizations and gene sequences very similar to those of ibv have been isolated from turkeys (meleagris gallopavo) and pheasan ... | 2001 | 19184884 |
| polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism authentication of raw meats from game birds. | polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) analysis has been applied to the identification of meats from quail (coturnix coturnix), pheasant (phasianus colchicus), red-legged partridge (alectoris rufa), guinea fowl (numida meleagris), capercaillie (tetrao urogallus), eurasian woodcock (scolopax rusticola), woodpigeon (columba palumbus), and song thrush (turdus philomelos). pcr amplification was performed using a set of primers flanking a conserved region of app ... | 2008 | 19202803 |
| identification of raw and heat-processed meats from game bird species by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism of the mitochondrial d-loop region. | polymerase chain reaction-rflp analysis has been applied to the identification of meats from quail (coturnix coturnix), pheasant (phasianus colchicus), red-legged partridge (alectoris rufa), chukar partridge (alectoris chukar), guinea fowl (numida meleagris), capercaillie (tetrao urogallus), eurasian woodcock (scolopax rusticola), and woodpigeon (columba palumbus). polymerase chain reaction amplification was carried out using a set of primers flanking a conserved region of approximately 310 bp f ... | 2009 | 19211540 |
| phylogeography of the ring-necked pheasant (phasianus colchicus) in china. | the ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus) are widely distributed in china. we used mitochondrial dna control-region data to investigate the origin and past demographic changes in 139 ring-necked pheasants (p. colchicus) sampled from the species' distribution range. a total of 1078 nucleotides from the control region of mitochondrial dna were sequenced, and 88 polymorphic positions defined 102 haplotypes. high level of genetic diversity was detected in all populations studied which could be ... | 2009 | 19328240 |
| modulation of porcine (sus scrofa domestica) and pheasant (phasianus colchicus) carbonyl reducing enzymes by anthelmintic therapy with flubendazole. | flubendazole (flu) is a widely administered benzimidazole anthelmintic indicated for the control of parasitic diseases in farm animals including pigs and pheasants. this study was designed to test the biotransformation of flu in control animals and animals treated with flu in recommended therapeutic doses. the activities of several pheasant and porcine hepatic and intestinal carbonyl reducing enzymes and their modulation by flu were also studied. twelve adult pheasant hens, approximately 1 year ... | 2008 | 19356067 |
| [genetic variation of manchurian pheasant (phasianus colchicus pallasi rotshild, 1903) inferred from mitochondrial dna control region sequences]. | sequence variation of the mitochondrial dna control region was studied in manchurian pheasants (phasianus colchicus pallasi rotshild, 1903) representing three geographic populations from the southern part of the russian far east. extremely low population genetic differentiation (f(st) = 0.0003) pointed to a very high gene exchange between the populations. combination of such characters as high haplotype diversity (0.884 to 0.913), low nucleotide diversity (0.0016 to 0.0022), low r2 values (0.123 ... | 2009 | 19507706 |
| development of a pheasant interspecies primordial germ cell transfer to chicken embryo: effect of donor cell sex on chimeric semen production. | this study was conducted to evaluate whether the sex of donor primordial germ cells (pgcs) influences production of chimeric semen from recipient hatchlings produced by interspecies transfer between pheasant (phasianus colchicus) and chicken (gallus gallus). pheasant pgcs were retrieved from 7-d-old embryos and subsequently transferred into circulatory blood of 2.5-d-old (stage 17) embryos. the sex of embryos was discerned 3 to 6 days after laying, and in preliminary study, overall rate of embry ... | 2009 | 19515408 |
| selective fatty acid mobilization from adipose tissues of the pheasant (phasianus colchicus mongolicus) during food deprivation. | avian response to fasting has been examined intensively in penguins (aptenodytes spp.) adapted to long-term food deprivation but less in species experiencing shorter fasts. thus, the selectivity in (i) incorporating different fatty acids (fa) from diet into total lipids of white adipose tissue (wat) and liver and (ii) mobilizing fa from these tissues was examined in pheasants phasianus colchicus mongolicus fed or fasted for 4 d. dietary fa were selectively incorporated into intra-abdominal and s ... | 2009 | 19656072 |
| correlation between an in vitro and an in vivo measure of dioxin sensitivity in birds. | we describe a statistically significant correlation between two well-characterized responses to dioxin-like compounds in birds; induction of 7-ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) activity in cultured hepatocytes, and embryo mortality. data were obtained from a review of the literature. erod ec50 values for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) and 6 polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) were strongly correlated with ld50 values in chicken embryos (r(2) = 0.93, p < 0.005). similarly, erod ec50 va ... | 2010 | 19784771 |
| experimental and field investigations on the role of birds as hosts of leishmania infantum, with emphasis on the domestic chicken. | in this study, 19 chickens were experimentally infected by leishmania infantum and tissue samples, collected at different times, were cultured and subjected to conventional pcr and/or real time pcr (qpcr) to assess their susceptibility to infection. in addition, 121 serum samples from rural chickens (n=73) and backyard birds (n=48) were tested for anti-l. infantum antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence test. all the 19 animals showed to be molecularly positive at least at one tissue sample. i ... | 2010 | 19818726 |
| cytochrome p4501a induction by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and two chlorinated dibenzofurans in primary hepatocyte cultures of three avian species. | relative potencies of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd), 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (pecdf), and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (tcdf) were determined in vitro in primary hepatocyte cultures of chicken (gallus gallus), ring-necked pheasant (phasianus colchicus), and japanese quail (coturnix japonica) embryos. concentration-dependent effects on ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) activity and expression of cytochrome p4501a4 and cytochrome p4501a5 (cyp1a4 and cyp1a5) messenger rn ... | 2010 | 19884122 |
| effect of geological vicariance on mitochondrial dna differentiation in common pheasant populations of the loess plateau and eastern china. | population differentiation within species can be stimulated by various geographic and climatic factors. in this study, we analyzed the population structure of the common pheasant (phasianus colchicus) in the loess plateau and its adjacent eastern areas (named eastern china). we sequenced mitochondrial cytochrome b and control regions of 249 samples collected from 42 populations that covered the whole loess plateau and eastern china. two groups (one containing populations 1-27 and the other popul ... | 2010 | 20060052 |
| are large wattles related to particular mhc genotypes in the male pheasant? | in sexually dimorphic species, partners can assess heritable mate quality by analyzing costly sexual ornaments in terms of their dimension and possibly of their symmetry. in vertebrates an important aspect of genetic quality is the efficiency of the immune system, and in particular the major histocompatibility complex (mhc). if ornaments are honest advertisements of pathogen resistance (good genes), in line with the hamilton-zuk hypothesis, a correlation between ornament expression and mhc profi ... | 2010 | 20145977 |
| ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase induction by tcdd, pecdf and tcdf in ring-necked pheasant and japanese quail hepatocytes: time-dependent effects on concentration-response curves. | ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) activity was measured in primary cultures of ring-necked pheasant (phasianuscolchicus) and japanese quail (coturnix japonica) embryonic hepatocytes exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd), 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (pecdf) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (tcdf) for 12, 24, 36 and 48 h. in ring-necked pheasant hepatocytes there was a significant time-dependent increase in the erod-inducing potency of tcdd, pecdf and tcdf (i.e. decrease ... | 2010 | 20206251 |
| polymerase chain reaction assay for verifying the labeling of meat and commercial meat products from game birds targeting specific sequences from the mitochondrial d-loop region. | a pcr assay was developed for the identification of meats and commercial meat products from quail (coturnix coturnix), pheasant (phasianus colchicus), partridge (alectoris spp.), guinea fowl (numida meleagris), pigeon (columba spp.), eurasian woodcock (scolopax rusticola), and song thrush (turdus philomelos) based on oligonucleotide primers targeting specific sequences from the mitochondrial d-loop region. the primers designed generated specific fragments of 96, 100, 104, 106, 147, 127, and 154 ... | 2010 | 20371856 |
| concentration of lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic in leg skeletal muscles of three species of wild birds. | the aim of this study was to monitor accumulation of lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic in leg skeletal muscle of some wild birds from selected areas of slovakia and the correlations among the heavy metals. a total of 160 wild birds representing 3 species-eurasian coot (fulica atra) (n = 24), mallard (anas platyrhynchos) (n = 68) and pheasant (phasianus colchicus) (n = 68) were involved for analyses. concentrations of heavy metals from samples were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotome ... | 2010 | 20397088 |
| molecular cloning and comparative analysis of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes from phasianus colchicus, meleagris gallopavo, and coturnix japonica. | to date, immunoglobulin (ig) genes have only been fully characterized in a small number of aves, which pose a major obstacle to understanding ig evolution. thus, we cloned the cdnas of three immunoglobulin classes, iga, igm, and igy, from phasianus colchicus, coturnix japonica, and meleagris gallopavo. multiple sequence alignments revealed that the highest degree of sequence homology in all ig classes was observed between pheasant and turkey whereas the degree of homology between the galliforms ... | 2010 | 20398946 |
| hematologic and plasma biochemical reference values in indian peafowl (pavo cristatus). | blood samples were collected from captive, adult, clinically normal indian peafowl (pavo cristatus) for hematologic and plasma biochemical analyses. hematologic parameters investigated were total red blood cell count, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, fibrinogen, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin, mean cell hemoglobin concentration, total white blood cell count, differential white blood cell count, and thrombocyte count. plasma biochemical parameters investigated were alanine aminotransferase ... | 2010 | 20806654 |
| effects of in ovo exposure of white leghorn chicken, common pheasant, and japanese quail to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and two chlorinated dibenzofurans on cyp1a induction. | in birds, activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (ahr) by some polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs) results in induction of cytochrome p4501a (cyp1a) expression. this response has been useful for predicting relative sensitivity of birds to dioxin-like compounds. to further investigate species-sensitivity to dioxins and dioxin-like compounds induction of cytochrome p450 1a4 and 1a5 (cyp1a4 and cyp1a5) mrna and ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) ... | 2010 | 20821598 |
| sensitivity of japanese quail (coturnix japonica), common pheasant (phasianus colchicus), and white leghorn chicken (gallus gallus domesticus) embryos to in ovo exposure to tcdd, pecdf, and tcdf. | egg injection studies were performed to confirm a proposed model of relative sensitivity of birds to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd). in this model, species are classified as belonging to one of three categories of sensitivity based on amino acid substitutions in the ligand-binding domain of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. embryo lethality and relative potencies of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (tcdf) and 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (pecdf) were compared with tcdd for japanese ... | 2011 | 20861070 |
| an unusual case of coccidiosis in laboratory-reared pheasants resulting from a breach in biosecurity. | an outbreak of coccidiosis in laboratory-reared chinese ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus) resulted in high morbidity and moderate mortality. the outbreak was associated with a breach in biosecurity caused by the cleaning of a sewer line with a mechanical device, resulting in extensive splattering of fecal material throughout the "clean room" where birds were held prior to use in coccidiosis experiments. mortality and morbidity in the affected birds were seen exactly 5 days after the in ... | 2010 | 20945799 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of novel cathelicidin-derived myeloid antimicrobial peptide from phasianus colchicus. | cathelicidins were initially characterized as a family of antimicrobial peptides. now it is clear that they fulfill several immune functions in addition to their antimicrobial activity. in the current work, three cdna sequences encoding pheasant cathelicidins were cloned from a constructed bone marrow cdna library of phasianus colchicus, using a nested-pcr-based cloning strategy. the three deduced mature antimicrobial peptides, pc-cath1, 2 and 3 are composed of 26, 32, and 29 amino acid residues ... | 2010 | 20955730 |
| effects of egg testosterone on female mate choice and male sexual behavior in the pheasant. | evidence is accumulating that sex steroids in the eggs, besides affecting progeny phenotype and behavior in the short term, also have enduring effects until adulthood, when they may translate into differences in reproductive strategies and success. maternal steroids transfer may therefore affect both agonistic behavior and mate choice decisions, either through the promotion of body size and condition or through a priming effect on the neuroendocrine system. however, owing to the prevalence of a ... | 2010 | 21029735 |
| expression of claudin-1 and -11 in immature and mature pheasant (phasianus colchicus) testes. | the expression of claudin-1 and -11, tight junctions (tjs) proteins was examined in immature and adult pheasant (phasianus colchicus) testes. claudin-1 and -11 cdna were highly similar to those of human, mice, and chicken. claudin-1 mrna and protein (21 kda) levels in immature testes were higher than those of adult testis. in immature testes until 6 weeks of age, claudin-1 was found at contacts between adjacent sertoli cells and between sertoli cells and germ cells. in adult testis, claudin-1 wa ... | 2010 | 21074249 |
| molecular and biological aspects of early germ cell development in interspecies hybrids between chickens and pheasants. | interspecific hybrids provide insights into fundamental genetic principles, and may prove useful for biotechnological applications and as tools for the conservation of endangered species. in the present study, interspecies hybrids were generated between the korean ring-necked pheasant (phasianus colchicus) and the white leghorn chicken (gallus gallus domesticus). we determined whether these hybrids were good recipients for the production of germline chimeric birds. pcr-based species-specific amp ... | 2010 | 21111472 |
| maldi-tof mass spectrometry as a simple tool to determine the phospholipid/glycolipid composition of sperm: pheasant spermatozoa as one selected example. | cellular membranes are composed of highly variable lipid molecules, mainly cholesterol and phospholipids (pls). the cholesterol moiety and the saturation degree of the fatty acyl residues of pl determine the fluidity of the membrane, which is particularly important for sperm because they have to undergo characteristic membrane-dependent processes (acrosomal exocytosis and fusion with the oocyte). glycolipids are an essential part of the membrane surface acting as key mediators in the interaction ... | 2011 | 21295419 |
| monitoring of group a rotaviruses in wild-living birds in hungary. | rotavirus is a common pathogen causing gastroenteritis in humans and domesticated animals. the incidence of rotavirus in wild-living animals, particularly in avian species, has not been systematically investigated. in this study 1220 fecal samples and cloacal swabs collected from wild-living birds during 2008 in hungary were tested for the presence of group a rotaviruses by a vp6 gene-specific reverse-transcription-polymerase-chain-reaction assay. of the 1220 samples, 276 and 944 were processed ... | 2011 | 21500648 |
| developmental and posthatch effects of in ovo exposure to 2,3,7,8-tcdd, 2,3,4,7,8-pecdf, and 2,3,7,8-tcdf in japanese quail (coturnix japonica), common pheasant (phasianus colchicus), and white leghorn chicken (gallus gallus domesticus) embryos. | an egg injection study was conducted to confirm a proposed model of relative sensitivity of three avian species to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd)-like chemicals. it was previously reported that the order of species sensitivity to in ovo exposure to tcdd, 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (pecdf), or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (tcdf) at doses ranging from 0.044 to 37 picomoles (pmol)/g egg was the chicken (gallus gallus domesticus), common pheasant (phasianus colchicus), and japa ... | 2011 | 21509806 |
| does a crouched leg posture enhance running stability and robustness? | humans and birds both walk and run bipedally on compliant legs. however, differences in leg architecture may result in species-specific leg control strategies as indicated by the observed gait patterns. in this work, control strategies for stable running are derived based on a conceptual model and compared with experimental data on running humans and pheasants (phasianus colchicus). from a model perspective, running with compliant legs can be represented by the planar spring mass model and stabi ... | 2011 | 21569779 |
| phenotypic variation of erythrocyte linker histone h1.c in a pheasant (phasianus colchicus l.) population. | our goal was to characterize a phenotypic variation of the pheasant erythrocyte linker histone subtype h1.c. by using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis three histone h1.c phenotypes were identified. the differently migrating allelic variants h1.c1 and h1.c2 formed either two homozygous phenotypes, c1 and c2, or a single heterozygous phenotype, c1c2. in the pheasant population screened, birds with phenotype c2 were the most common (frequency 0.761) while individuals with phenotyp ... | 2010 | 21637419 |
| energetic metabolism and biochemical adaptation: a bird flight muscle model. | the main objective of this class experiment is to measure the activity of two metabolic enzymes in crude extract from bird pectoral muscle and to relate the differences to their mode of locomotion and ecology. the laboratory is adapted to stimulate the interest of wildlife management students to biochemistry. the enzymatic activities of cytochrome c oxidase and lactate dehydrogenase are measured in pectoral muscle of black duck and ring-necked pheasant. the black ducks have a high cytochrome c o ... | 2006 | 21638654 |
| multiple lines of evidence risk assessment of terrestrial passerines exposed to pcdfs and pcdds in the tittabawassee river floodplain, midland, michigan, usa. | a site-specific multiple lines of evidence risk assessment was conducted for house wrens (troglodytes aedon) and eastern bluebirds (sialia sialis) along the tittabawassee river downstream of midland, michigan, where concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds) in flood-plain soils and sediments are greater compared to upstream areas and some of the greatest anywhere in the world. lines of evidence supporting the population-level assessment ... | 2011 | 21804755 |
| different genetic patterns in avian toll-like receptor (tlr)5 genes. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) mediate immune response via recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps), thus play important roles in host defense. polymorphisms of tlr5 may affect their recognition of bacterial flagellin, leading to varied host resistance to pathogenic infections. here, we cloned tlr5 genes from common pheasant, guinea fowl and 9 chicken breeds and analyzed their sequences. the open reading frames of tlr5 were sequenced. amino acid analysis indicated that tlr5 from ... | 2011 | 21717059 |
| effect of sight barriers in pens of breeding ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus): i. behaviour and welfare. | 1. the study investigated the effects of providing sight barriers in breeding pens on pheasant mortality, feather damage and behaviour. 2. data were collected from 11 conventional pens (control) and 11 pens with additional sight barriers (barrier) over the course of a ten week breeding season. each pen contained 8 males and 56 females at the beginning of the season. 3. there was a higher rate of mortality in males (6 x 25%) than females (2 x 11%) that was unaffected by treatment. 4. feather dama ... | 2011 | 21919567 |
| [Ecological distribution and spatial niche of pheasants in the Karst mountains of southwest Guangxi Province, China]. | The Karst mountain area along the Sino-Vietnam border of southwest Guangxi has been designated a "Global Biodiversity Hotspot" since 2003. We conducted a survey of pheasant species in this area, with seven species recorded, namely Chinese Francolin (Francolinus pintadeanus), Bar-backed Partridge (Arborophila brunneopectus), Mountain Bamboo Partridge (Bambusicola fytchii), Chinese Bamboo Partridge (Bambusicola thoracica), Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus), Silver Pheasant (Lophura nycthemera) and Co ... | 2011 | 22006809 |
| microscopic fungi in eggs of ring-necked pheasants kept in aviaries. | pheasant eggs of different colors differ with regard to physical properties. this study was conducted to ascertain the intensity of infestation by microscopic fungi based on egg color. settling intensity by microscopic fungi of pheasant egg shells and the content of eggs of different color during a 7-d storage period was investigated. the content of ergosterol (erg) was used as a quantitative indicator of microscopic fungi and yeasts in the egg. the highest erg content was determined in blue- an ... | 2011 | 22010230 |
| effect of sight barriers in pens of breeding ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus) ii. reproductive parameters. | 1. the effects of sight barriers in the pens of breeding ring-necked pheasants were investigated on a commercial game farm over a 10-week laying season. 2. reproductive performance was recorded as egg production, numbers of eggs rejected for hatching together with measures of fertility, embryonic mortality and hatchability for 11 pens with barriers and 11 pens that were left open and acted as controls. 3. egg production per pen and the numbers of rejected eggs were not significantly affected by ... | 2011 | 21919568 |
| Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in the gastrointestinal tract of the pheasant (Phasianus colchicus). | The distribution of Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) was investigated in the gastrointestinal tract of the pheasant using immunohistochemistry. GLP-1 immunoreactive cells were common in the small intestine, in the proventriculus and in the pancreas. Immunostained cells were not seen in the crop, in the gizzard and in the large intestine. Double labelling demonstrated that GLP-1 and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) were occasionally co-localized only in the duodenal villi ... | 2011 | 22036174 |
| first report of genotyping of toxoplasma gondii isolates from wild birds in china. | abstract toxoplasma gondii is an important cosmopolitan opportunistic protozoan parasite, which threatens the health of human beings and animals. genetic characterization of isolates from south america has revealed high genetic diversity. in contrast, isolates from north america and europe were highly clonal with 3 major lineages known as the types i, ii, and iii. however, limited information on t. gondii genotypes has been reported in the people's republic of china. in this study, we conducte ... | 2012 | 22263675 |
| pulmonary silicosis in captive ring-necked pheasants: definitive diagnosis by electron probe x-ray microanalysis. | | 2012 | 3394214 |
| tick-borne zoonotic pathogens in birds in guangxi, southwest china. | wildlife is an important natural reservoir of many tick-borne pathogens. these agents have an impact on the health of humans and other animals throughout the world. this study was conducted to determine whether and what species of tick-borne agents had infected wild birds collected from guangxi, in southwest china. | 2015 | 26666827 |
| bagaza virus is pathogenic and transmitted by direct contact in experimentally infected partridges, but is not infectious in house sparrows and adult mice. | bagaza virus (bagv) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus belonging to the ntaya serocomplex. in 2010, a disease outbreak was reported in cádiz (southern spain) affecting game birds (red-legged partridges and common pheasants). in this work, red-legged partridges were inoculated experimentally with infectious bagv isolated from this outbreak in order to make a complete clinical and analytical assessment of the disease caused by the pathogen in this species. viral load (by real-time rt-pcr) in blood, or ... | 2015 | 26338714 |
| natural bagaza virus infection in game birds in southern spain. | in late summer 2010 a mosquito born flavivirus not previously reported in europe called bagaza virus (bagv) caused high mortality in red-legged partridges (alectoris rufa) and ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus). we studied clinical findings, lesions and viral antigen distribution in naturally bagv infected game birds in order to understand the apparently higher impact on red-legged partridges. the disease induced neurologic signs in the two galliform species and, to a lesser extent, in ... | 2012 | 22966904 |
| ticks collected from wild and domestic animals and natural habitats in the republic of korea. | ticks were collected from 35 animals from 5 provinces and 3 metropolitan cities during 2012. ticks also were collected by tick drag from 4 sites in gyeonggi-do (2) and jeollabuk-do (2) provinces. a total of 612 ticks belonging to 6 species and 3 genera were collected from mammals and a bird (n=573) and by tick drag (n=39). haemaphyalis longicornis (n=434) was the most commonly collected tick, followed by h. flava (158), ixodes nipponensis (11), amblyomma testudinarium (7), h. japonica (1), and h ... | 2014 | 25031468 |
| serological evidence of exposure to zoonotic tick-borne bacteria in pheasants (phasianus colchicus). | previous studies on tick-borne pathogens in the avian population have focused mainly on the detection of the agents in ticks collected from birds, but data about the presence of tick-borne bacteria in these animals are scant. the aim of the presented study was to verify the exposure to some zoonotic tick-borne bacteria, in particular, anaplasma phagocytophilum, borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, coxiella burnetii, and the rickettsia species of the spotted fever group (sfg), in pheasants (phasianus ... | 2017 | 28378988 |
| gamma and deltacoronaviruses in quail and pheasants from northern italy. | in view of the restricted knowledge on the diversity of coronaviruses in poultry other than chicken, this study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of coronaviruses in quail, pheasant, and partridge from two regions of northern italy. to this end, pools of tracheal and cloacal swabs from european quail (coturnix coturnix) and intestinal tract from pheasants (phasianus colchicus) and partridge (perdix perdix) flocks, with or without enteric signs, were collected during 2015. avian coronavi ... | 2016 | 27738120 |
| demonstration of ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in pheasants (phasianus colchicus) with pneumonia and airsacculitis. | outbreaks of respiratory disease were investigated in reared pheasants (phasianus colchicus) aged approximately 18 to 32 weeks, released into the semi-wild on four shooting estates in southern england. the clinical signs in the affected birds included swelling of the face and eyes, loss of condition, gasping respirations and coughing. the gross pathology findings included sinusitis, airsacculitis, pleural oedema and lung lesions. the histopathological findings in the affected lungs were characte ... | 2013 | 23581445 |
| oculopathologic findings in flavivirus-infected gallinaceous birds. | using eye samples of nine 9-week-old experimentally west nile virus (wnv)-infected red-legged partridges (alectoris rufa), time course of lesions and wnv antigen appearance in ocular structures were examined. in addition, eye samples of 6 red-legged partridges and 3 common pheasants (phasianus colchicus) naturally infected with bagaza virus (bagv) were used to study lesions and flavivirus antigen distribution in relation to apparent blindness in the former. the rapid onset of microscopic lesions ... | 2014 | 24395913 |
| real-time fluorogenic reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay for the specific detection of bagaza virus. | in september 2010, an outbreak of disease in 2 wild bird species (red-legged partridge, alectoris rufa; ring-necked pheasant, phasianus colchicus) occurred in southern spain. bagaza virus (bagv) was identified as the etiological agent of the outbreak. bagv had only been reported before in western africa (central african republic, senegal) and in india. the first occurrence of bagv in spain stimulated a demand for rapid, reliable, and efficacious diagnostic methods to facilitate the surveillance ... | 2012 | 22807508 |
| monitoring of the bagaza virus epidemic in wild bird species in spain, 2010. | by the end of august 2010, high mortalities in red-legged partridges (alectoris rufa) and pheasants (phasianus colchicus) were detected in several hunting states in the province of cádiz (southern spain). retrospective epidemiological studies revealed that the first clinical signs had been observed in late july-early august. the most common clinical signs were incoordination, disorientation and ataxia. the estimated mean morbidity rates were 37% in partridges and 11% in pheasants. the estimated ... | 2013 | 22486922 |
| occurrence of avian botulism in korea during the period from june to september 2012. | botulism is a paralytic disease caused by the botulinum neurotoxin produced by clostridium botulinum. in the summer season in korea, intensive outbreaks of avian botulism were reported in both poultry and wild birds, including five korean native chicken farms (hanhyup no.3), one pheasant (phasianus colchicus karpowi) farm, and one community of spot-billed ducks (anas poecilorhyncha). the affected domestic birds showed 24.5% to 58.3% mortality, with specific clinical signs including ataxia, limbe ... | 2014 | 25619016 |
| cryptosporidium infections of ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus) from an intensive artificial breeding programme in the czech republic. | from july to november 2012, preliminary coprological examinations were carried out on 85 pooled faecal samples of different aged ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus) (hatches from may until july) from an intensive artificial breeding programme in the czech republic. cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 12 samples (14.1 %) of ages >12 weeks (august-september). these results were supported by findings of cryptosporidium baileyi and cryptosporidium meleagridis oocysts in intestinal, or c ... | 2016 | 26815038 |
| geography and timing of cases of eastern equine encephalitis in new york state from 1992 to 2012. | in new york state (nys), eastern equine encephalitis (eee) was first reported in a human in 1971, in horses in 1970, and in pheasants in 1952. | 2016 | 26901637 |
| pathologic findings and viral antigen distribution during natural infection of ring-necked pheasants with h5n2 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus a. | highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) is a major viral disease of poultry characterized by acute onset, systemic infection, and rapid death. in january 2015, h5n2 hpai was identified by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr) and gene sequencing as the cause of rapid death in 40 of 390 ring-necked pheasants (approximately 10% mortality), raised in a game bird farm in washington state. we report clinicopathologic findings and viral antigen distribution in pheasan ... | 2017 | 27694426 |
| [helminths of pheasant (phasianus colchicus) detected by necropsy and faecal examination in samsun, turkey]. | this study was performed at the gelemen pheasant procreation farm affiliated to the general directorate of nature conservation and national parks, ministry of forest and water affairs. | 2012 | 23339944 |
| parasite-mediated competition between pheasant and grey partridge: a preliminary investigation. | pheasants (phasianus colchicus) and grey partridges (perdix perdix) were maintained together on land known to be contaminated with eggs of the caecal nematode heterakis gallinarum to examine the hypothesis that this shared parasite has a greater impact on grey partridges than on pheasants. since an inverse relationship between worm intensity and partridge body condition was detected, while no such relationship with pheasant body condition was observed, we were unable to refute this hypothesis. f ... | 1999 | 28307760 |
| outbreak of listeria monocytogenes in pheasants. | listeria monocytogenes is capable of infecting almost all animals. however, outbreaks of listeriosis are infrequent in birds. this report describes an outbreak of listeriosis in a small pheasant (phasianus colchicus) breeder farm with more than 2,000 pheasants from hubei province of the people's republic of china. the affected flock consisted of adult and young birds. approximately 300 young birds and a few adult birds were found dead within a few days of the onset of clinical signs. twenty-five ... | 2015 | 26476090 |
| decline of game birds (phasianus colchicus and perdix perdix) in bavaria: a survey on pathogenic bacteria, parasites, pesticide residues, and influence of set-aside land and maize cultivation. | due to a europe-wide decline of grey partridge ( perdix perdix ) and pheasant ( phasianus colchicus ) populations, this study was conducted focusing on the county of bavaria, south germany. the aim was to assess the health status of game birds and identify possible causes of decline. for this purpose 203 pheasants and 11 partridges were examined during the 2011 hunting season. pathologic examinations were conducted including examinations for parasites and bacteria. due to public health significa ... | 2017 | 28363041 |
| genetic is901 rflp diversity among mycobacterium avium subsp. avium isolates from four pheasant flocks. | is901 rflp analysis of 36 mycobacterium avium subsp. avium (maa) isolates from 15 pheasants (phasianus colchicus) and two goshawks (accipiter gentilis) from four pheasant farms was performed. using this method, six different is901 rflp types (e, f, g, m, q, and v) were identified. the distribution of is901 rflp profiles was tightly linked to individual flocks. matching is901 rflp profiles observed in the present study indicate maa transmission between pheasants and goshawks in the same locality. ... | 2013 | 23388436 |
| surveillance for pasteurella multocida in ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus) after an outbreak of avian cholera and apparently successful antibiotic treatment. | avian cholera is a significant disease of domestic and wild birds caused by the bacterium pasteurella multocida (pm). in poultry, a major source of pm infection is chronic carriers, domestic birds that have become infected and recovered or had subclinical infections. although outbreaks of avian cholera in ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus) have been reported, the potential for chronic carriers is unknown. to address this, we conducted surveillance for pm in a flock of captive ring-necke ... | 2016 | 26953951 |
| wild birds, a source of reticuloendotheliosis virus infection for the endangered attwater's prairie-chicken ( tympanuchus cupido attwateri)? | reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) infects a wide range of avian species. since 1998, when it was first reported in a captive flock of the endangered attwater's prairie-chicken ( tympanuchus cupido attwateri; apc), rev has plagued apc recovery efforts. while rev frequently occurs in captive bird flocks throughout the world, including commercial poultry, the reservoir for initial infection of flocks is poorly understood. from 2008-2016, 412 blood samples and 216 liver samples collected from 32 spe ... | 2017 | 28192047 |