| continuing education. no man is an island. | | 1983 | 6416519 |
| the fragmented man. | | 1981 | 6454783 |
| genetic studies of the population of the isle of man. | a sample of the isle of man population was tested for the following red cell antigens, serum proteins and red cell enzymes: abh; mnss he; cc cwd du ee ce; k k kpa kpb; lua; p1; fya fyb; haptoglobin; transferrin; ag; acid phosphatase; phosphoglucomutase; adenylate kinase; esterase d; adenosine deaminase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. the study comprised 219 blood donors, 338 secondary school children and 116 females attending the only antenatal clinic. the results were studied for intra-is ... | 1982 | 6461288 |
| campylobacters in wading birds (charadrii): incidence, biotypes and isolation techniques. | 311 birds from four species of the charadrii group were examined for the carriage of campylobacter spp. cloacal swabs or "washouts" were taken from birds captured by cannon netting and cultured using enrichment in preston broth followed by plating onto preston agar. incubation of enrichment cultures for 48 h and of solid media for a minimum of 48 h is recommended for culture of avian faecal material. of the birds examined, 222 were found to be carrying campylobacter spp., 145 strains of which be ... | 1984 | 6524143 |
| fluoridation and individual freedom. | | 1984 | 6585211 |
| use and supply of human immunoglobulin preparations. | | 1983 | 6612320 |
| humoral defence factors in the breast milk of ethiopian women with leprosy and healthy controls. | secretory iga, lactoferrin, albumin, and total protein were quantitated in colostrum and milk samples obtained from 215 ethiopian nursing mothers over a period ranging from 1 day to 2 yr postparturition. igg, igm, c3, and c4 complement components were quantitated in 11 day 1 samples. the subjects were classified into three groups: lepromatous leprosy, borderline lepromatous leprosy, and a nonlepromatous group consisting of women with tuberculoid leprosy and healthy controls. results obtained fro ... | 1983 | 6685973 |
| project work in the medical curriculum. | this paper outlines one component, the project, which in 4 years became an integral part of the human ecology course at the department of community medicine at the university of glasgow. although it is to be retained in some form, it would seem that the full potential of the device for medical undergraduates has not been realized; instead of retaining it in a token or contracted form, it could have served as the basis for cementing the learning and experience gained in the two halves of the divi ... | 1984 | 6738390 |
| whole body cesium-137 levels in man in scotland, 1978--79. | | 1981 | 6783598 |
| non-a, non-b hepatitis markers in the west of scotland. | | 1981 | 6799724 |
| non-a, non-b hepatitis markers in the east of scotland. | | 1981 | 6799725 |
| dialysis-associated hepatitis in edinburgh; 1969-1978. | in 1969-1970 there was a sharp outbreak of hepatitis associated with hemodialysis in two edinburgh hospitals; mortality was 24% among renal patients and 31% in staff members. the epidemiology of the outbreak, the measures taken to control it, and the efforts made to exclude hepatitis b virus infections during an eight-year period after the outbreak, were reviewed in the light of a retesting of stored specimens by modern diagnostic techniques for hepatitis a and b viruses. this review reveals tha ... | 1982 | 6812192 |
| bone and joint tuberculosis in glasgow: the present situation. | a retrospective survey of bone and joint tuberculosis in the city of glasgow over the decade 1966-75 has been carried out. its object is to chart the changing pattern of clinical presentation of this disease, and details of 129 patients are presented. the numbers of children and adolescents are relatively low: asian immigrants and the elderly are now the higher risk groups. a positive culture was obtained from 60 per cent of the bone and joint lesions and in every case the organism was human myc ... | 1983 | 6836264 |
| animal and human bites as an emergency. | | 1983 | 6862874 |
| current opinion concerning the treatment of heart disease. report of a postal survey among tayside general practitioners. | using a postal questionnaire method of investigation, the views of tayside general practitioners were examined with respect to the management of three hypothetical patients with ischaemic heart disease. in the case of a man showing symptoms suggestive of infarction, hospital care was preferred by the majority of doctors. of three categories of employment, the person in a manual occupation would be advised by most doctors to change his job after a second serious infarction. the advice given to pa ... | 1983 | 6864640 |
| temporal variation in the mating structure of sanday, orkney islands. | pedigree and vital statistics data from the population of sanday, orkney islands, scotland, were used to assess temporal changes in population structure. secular trends in patterns of mate choice were analysed for three separate birth cohorts of spouses: 1855-1884, 1885-1924 and 1925-1964. the degree to which mating was random or assortative with respect to both genealogical and geographic distance was determined by comparing average characteristics of all potential mates of married males with t ... | 1983 | 6870191 |
| influenza-like illness: a monitoring system. | this paper draws attention to the widespread problems associated with an epidemic of influenza at all levels--personal, family and society. in the absence of effective policies of prevention and cure, there is a need for a system which will constantly survey the scene on a clinical basis and give an early warning of an impending epidemic. the means hitherto available have been crude and rather slow to react. a system is described which is based on weekly telephoned reports from a geographically ... | 1982 | 6926841 |
| faecal adenoviruses from glasgow babies. studies on culture and identity. | attempts were made to isolate viruses from babies' stools that contained adenoviruses detected by electron microscopy. one hundred and fifty-nine specimens from 71 children were studied and adenoviruses of established serotypes were isolated from 81 stools. serial stool samples containing adenovirus particles were obtained from 35 children, and prolonged shedding of recognized serotypes was common. simultaneous and sequential infections by different serotypes were also observed. thirty-six child ... | 1982 | 7086117 |
| some studies of maternal and infant lead exposure in glasgow. | in two studies in the city of glasgow, 236 mothers and their newly born infants and 117 mothers and their 6-weeks old children's environmental lead exposure were examined. in both studies blood lead concentrations were found to correlate significantly with the cube root of the domestic water lead concentrations. in the first study, multiple regression analyses of maternal blood lead and cord blood lead concentrations on other variables showed a significant negative correlation with gestational a ... | 1982 | 7089524 |
| numerical forecasting of epidemics of influenza in great britain and northern ireland. | examination of the weekly incidence data collected by the research unit of the royal college of general practitioners in england, wales, scotland and northern ireland, shows that, for influenza, the highest weekly total and the rate of decrease from such a peak over the next 4 weeks are highly correlated with the mean rate of weekly increase over the period 7 weeks before to 3 weeks before the peak week. analysis of the mean rate of increase over 4-week periods of the incidence of the febrile co ... | 1982 | 7167664 |
| forensic dental aspects of bite marks in food. | | 1981 | 7239905 |
| mortality of united kingdom acrylonitrile polymerisation workers. | the mortality of 1111 men who worked on the polymerisation of acrylonitrile and the spinning of acrylic fibre from 1950 to 1968 was surveyed up to the end of 1978. seventy-nine deaths were identified. the population was drawn from six factories, where polymerisation started before 1968, in england, wales, scotland, and northern ireland. in the group of men exposed to acrylonitrile for at least one year the total number of deaths was smaller than expected. an excess of deaths from all cancers was ... | 1981 | 7272237 |
| human and animal salmonellosis in scotland associated with environmental contamination, 1973-79. | twenty-six incidents of salmonellosis occurring in scotland between 1973 and 1979 and attributed to environmental pollution are reviewed. the apparent sources of pollution were sewage effluent (10 incidents), septic tank effluent (eight), sewage sludge (three), seagulls (three) and abattoir effluents (two). cattle were the species predominantly affected. human infection was primary in three incidents and was secondary to bovine infection in another four. thirteen salmonella serotypes were recove ... | 1981 | 7303437 |
| an unusual sequel to imported salmonella zanzibar. | in august, 1980 a rare serotype s. zanzibar was isolated in the north of scotland from a man home on leave from malaysia, whence he returned in november having been bacteriologically negative 2 months previously. in december however, s. zanzibar was isolated from a bulk milk sample taken at a nearby dairy farm. no illness occurred among milking cows which had been brought inside from pasture in mid-october. since 1972 a variety of different salmonella serotypes had been identified in cattle, mil ... | 1981 | 7310130 |
| measurement of antibody to dermatophilus congolensis in sera from cattle in the west of scotland by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | serum antibody titres to dermatophilus congolensis demonstrated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in young steers and in adult cows from an ayrshire herd showed a bimodal distribution and provided evidence of subclinical infection. very high titres detected in sera from crossbred galloway steers were indicative of recent or existing infection which may have been masked by concurrent ringworm. the elisa is a sensitive and technically simple method which enables sera to be screened f ... | 1981 | 7340080 |
| a regional programme to collect plasma for preparation of human immunoglobulin anti-rabies. | we identified over 100 recipients of rabies vaccine (human diploid cell vaccine) and recruited them as plasma donors. some were plasmapheresed at static centres, others by mobile teams. the operation of these teams is described in detail. no plasma was sent to the fractionation centre until the date of vaccination had been checked. assay results showed that the majority of plasma collected between four and 20 weeks after the second dose of vaccine contained 6 or more iu/ml. | 1980 | 7364953 |
| ultraviolet radiation and skin cancer in man. | | 1980 | 7383989 |
| human babesiosis. | | 1980 | 7385292 |
| human growth hormone (uk) | | 1980 | 7416790 |
| the isolation and characterization of human and bovine strains of babesia divergens from drumnadrochit, scotland. | strains of babesia divergens of human and bovine origin were isolated from the same locality in scotland. a morphometric comparison was then made between babesia divergens parasites in blood smears made from groups of 3 splenectomized calves reacting to the inoculation of these strains. the various forms taken by the parasites of each strain were seen to be divisible into 7 categories and representatives of each category were found for each strain. more amoeboid forms were found in blood smears ... | 1980 | 7422359 |
| the use of factor ix concentrates in man: a 9-year experience of scottish concentrates in the south-east of scotland. | during the last 9 years, two factor ix concentrates produced in scotland, ppsb and defix, have been used for the treatment of haemophilia b and acquired coagulation disorders, including those due to liver disease, coumarin therapy, neonatal immaturity and post-operative bleeding. during the period of study 112 batches of defix and 40 batches of ppsb were used in the edinburgh and south-east scotland region. data were analysed from 575 non-haemophilic patients, receiving 968 treatment episodes, a ... | 1981 | 7437348 |
| blood-lead and cadmium in human hypertension. | an epidemiological study amongst hypertensives and normotensives in renfrew, scotland, where drinking water hardness is very low (5 p.p.m.) and water-lead levels are commonly high, has shown a significant association between high blood-lead levels and high blood pressure. no association was found with indices of renal function, plasma renin or angiotensin ii concentrations or serum uric acid levels. in a parallel study of blood-lead levels in birmingham, england, where water hardness is low (20 ... | 1980 | 7462903 |
| research ethics committees: principles and proposals. | | 1995 | 7490193 |
| influenza surveillance, england and wales: october 1993 to june 1994. | this report summarises the information obtained by surveillance of influenza activity in england and wales from 30 october 1993 to 24 june 1994 (weeks 93/44 to 94/25). a moderate epidemic of influenza occurred, which was earlier than in recent years. it followed an increase in influenza activity reported in scotland in early october. activity spread from north to south. influenza a(h3n2) viruses accounted for over 98% of isolates typed, but a few strains of influenza b were identified. | 1994 | 7531565 |
| a model for rational introduction of new and expensive medicines. | the reported impact of human monoclonal igm antibody (ha1a) on the mortality rate from gram-negative bacteraemia aroused considerable interest in its use in glasgow royal infirmary. however, the commercial preparation of ha1a was extremely expensive. with this in mind, the infirmary's drugs and therapeutics committee introduced a system whereby the commercial preparation of ha1a could be introduced in a controlled fashion, thereby establishing a model which would encourage targeting the prescrip ... | 1995 | 7724440 |
| characterization of phenylalanine hydroxylase alleles in untreated phenylketonuria patients from victoria, australia: origin of alleles and haplotypes. | mutations in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (pah) gene were identified in a group of untreated phenylketonuria patients from victoria, australia. ninety-eight percent of the alleles were identified, and a total of 26 different mutations were detected on 83 independent chromosomes. the three most prevalent mutations--r408w, i65t, and ivs12nt1--together accounted for 54% of the alleles. a number of alleles were demonstrated, by genealogical studies, to be of irish or scottish origin, including a ne ... | 1995 | 7726156 |
| the molecular epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in edinburgh. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type 1 sequences obtained from hiv-infected persons in different risk groups in edinburgh were studied to determine the number and origin of virus variants and patterns of virus transmission. phylogenetic analysis revealed that 12 of 14 hemophiliac patients who had been exposed to a single common batch of factor viii had closely related gag gene sequences. sequences from intravenous drug users and patients infected through heterosexual contact formed another di ... | 1995 | 7798682 |
| breast cancer incidence, penetrance and survival in probable carriers of brca1 gene mutation in families linked to brca1 on chromosome 17q12-21. | eight breast cancer pedigrees with a high probability of containing individuals with the brca1 gene mutation (odds 79.2-99.9 per cent) were identified through genetic linkage analysis using probes located within q12-22 on the long arm of chromosome 17. some 102 female relatives were successfully typed with one or both of adjacent markers d17s588 and d17s579, and 41 were probable non-brca1 mutation carriers. of the remaining 61 women classified as probable brca1 carriers, breast cancer was diagno ... | 1994 | 7820489 |
| surveillance of influenza in the united kingdom. pandemic and interpandemic period. | in the united kingdom the morbidity surveillance is carried out by the general practitioner spotter practice schemes (rcgp), the medical officers of schools association (mosa) and the emergency bed service. mortality data is provided weekly by the office of population and censuses and surveys (opcs). phls communicable disease surveillance centre (cdsc) collects all information and publishes the findings weekly in the communicable disease report (cdr). there are 53 public health laboratories situ ... | 1994 | 7843366 |
| surgeon james ramsay, 1733-1789: the navy and the slave trade. | the end of the american war of independence in 1783 coincided with two very different, but closely related initiatives: the settlement of new south wales and the fight against the slave trade. in both, james ramsay, a naval surgeon, played a decisive role. james ramsay was born on 25 july 1733 at fraserburgh on the aberdeenshire coast. after a grammar school education, he was apprenticed to a dr findlay, surgeon and physician in fraserburgh. through his proficiency in latin, he obtained a small ... | 1994 | 7853310 |
| imprisonment, injecting drug use, and bloodborne viruses. | | 1995 | 7866166 |
| religion and fertility in the outer hebrides. | estimates of fertility in protestant barra and catholic harris, islands in the outer hebrides, over the period 1856-1985, show that in both islands fertility declined, although marital fertility was generally greater than in scotland as a whole, and illegitimate fertility was less. however, in barra during 1966-75 there were pronounced rises in all the indices; illegitimate fertility showed the smallest rise. the publication of the papal encyclical humanae vitae may have played a part in this ch ... | 1995 | 7876298 |
| hiv in injecting drug users in edinburgh: prevalence and correlates. | a citywide sample of injecting drug users (idus) who had injected in the previous 6 months was recruited in edinburgh. interviewers administered a questionnaire enquiring about drug use, sharing of injecting equipment, sexual behavior, and imprisonment. a specimen of saliva was assayed for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) igg. hiv antibody prevalence in 346 idus recruited between june 1992 and october 1993 was 19.7% (95% confidence limits, 15.5 and 23.9%). univariate analyses indicated that in ... | 1995 | 7882106 |
| a cytogenetic register of trisomies in scotland: results of the first 2 years (1989, 1990). | a population-based register of all autosomal trisomies diagnosed in scotland was established in 1989. data were provided by all cytogenetic service laboratories, and included karyotype, date and place of outcome, indication for analysis, maternal age and place of residence. the register includes all foetuses diagnosed prenatally and all cytogenetically-confirmed live- and still-births with autosomal trisomy, including partial, mosaic and familial cases. in the 2 years 1989-90, 76 prenatal and 14 ... | 1994 | 7889657 |
| hereditary multi-infarct dementia unlinked to chromosome 19q12 in a large scottish pedigree: evidence of probable locus heterogeneity. | hereditary multi-infarct dementia is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that predominantly affects the cerebral white matter. a locus was recently mapped in french pedigrees to chromosome 19q12. we have examined a large scottish pedigree with neuropathologically confirmed hereditary multi-infarct dementia using polymorphic dna markers spanning the 19q12 region and found no evidence of linkage. this suggests that, as in familial alzheimer's disease, there is more than one locus. | 1995 | 7897629 |
| 'celtic' phenylketonuria chromosomes found? evidence in two regions of quebec province. | we analyzed mutations, rflp haplotypes (h), and a vntr polymorphism at the phenylalanine hydroxylase locus (pah) in 12 french-canadian patients with phenylketonuria (pku) from the eastern region of quebec province and 13 non-french-canadian pku patients from the montreal region. there were 10 different mutation/h/vntr haplotype combinations on the 50 pku chromosomes: one set of 5 and another of 8 accounted for 88 and 77% of these chromosomes in the french-canadian and non-french-canadian patient ... | 1993 | 7913864 |
| a population-based, controlled study of the relation between hiv infection and cervical neoplasia. | to study a geographically defined population of women exposed to a drug-related risk for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), together with carefully matched neighbourhood controls, in order to examine (1) the proportion of different groups having cervical cytopathology screening; (2) the association between hiv infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; (3) the independent effect of cd4+ lymphocyte count and duration of hiv infection; and (4) the correspondence between cervical cytopathol ... | 1994 | 7999730 |
| factors influencing nuisance blackfly (diptera: simuliidae) activity in the scottish highlands. | the nuisance activity of blackflies (diptera: simuliidae) was investigated in several habitats on speyside, near kincraig (57 degrees 08'n, 3 degrees 56'w), invernesshire, in central scotland during may-october 1987-89. the main blackfly species caught landing/biting on humans were simulium reptans, s. argyreatum, s. variegetum and the s. tuberosum complex, in order of prevalence. blackfly biting activity occurred from mid-may to mid-september. numbers of female blackflies attracted to volunteer ... | 1994 | 8025319 |
| diversity and commonality in international nursing. | the cultural differences within and between countries influence everything from the philosophy of life, accepted behaviours and human relations to the way in which people perform their work. below, nurses from spain, scotland and canada argue that this cultural diversity also influences the profile of nursing and has implications for nursing practice, education and research. | 1994 | 8034415 |
| linkage disequilibrium in the region of the autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease gene (pkd1). | the gene for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (pkd1) is located on chromosome 16p, between the flanking markers d16s84 and d16s125 (26.6prox). this region is 750 kb long and has been cloned. we have looked at the association of 10 polymorphic markers from the region, with the disease and with each other. this was done in a set of scottish families that had previously shown association with d16s94, a marker proximal to the pkd1 region. we report significant association between two ca ... | 1994 | 8037213 |
| the use of human tissues in in vitro toxicology, stirling, 28/29 april 1993. summary of general discussions. | | 1994 | 8086229 |
| human infection in tayside, scotland due to salmonella serotype livingstone. | livingstone was the third most common salmonella serotype isolated from cases of human salmonellosis in the tayside region of scotland in 1989-1991; latterly, it spread to grampian region. the significant upsurge of livingstone in these two scottish regions was not matched by similar increases in its frequency of isolation from human cases of salmonellosis in other regions of scotland or elsewhere in the uk. although salmonella livingstone is usually associated in the uk with incidents of infect ... | 1994 | 8107062 |
| identification of bloodmeals of the scottish biting midge, culicoides impunctatus, by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). | an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) has been developed to identify the bloodmeal sources of culicoides impunctatus goetghebuer. nightly light trapping in scotland, between april and september 1992, caught a total of 344 blood-engorged female c. impunctatus, all in may, june and july. the insects were stored in 70% ethanol and tested 5-7 months later. bloodmeal sources were positively identified for 246 (71.5%). bovine hosts were most common (38.4%), followed by deer (23.0%) and ... | 1994 | 8161839 |
| a single allele from the polymorphic ccg rich sequence immediately 3' to the unstable cag trinucleotide in the it15 cdna shows almost complete disequilibrium with huntington's disease chromosomes in the scottish population. | the ccg rich sequence immediately 3' to the cag repeat that is expanded in huntington's disease (hd) has recently been shown to be polymorphic with at least 4 alleles differing by multiples of 3 bp being found in the normal population. we have studied the allele distribution in 180 hd families resident in scotland and have found very strong evidence for disequilibrium in this population. for the 131 families where phase was unambiguously determined, 130 were shown to have a ccg repeat allele of ... | 1994 | 8162020 |
| british family heart study: its design and method, and prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. family heart study group. | the aim of this paper is to describe the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in families screened systematically by nurses in british general practice, and in subgroups with reported hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes and coronary heart disease. | 1994 | 8179948 |
| adam linton--the man. | | 1994 | 8184135 |
| aspects of neonatal death in st kilda, 1830-1930. | neonatal death (mainly due to tetanus) was common in st kilda until 1891. two aspects of this phenomenon are studied; factors which predicted death, and the impact of neonatal death on family building. maternal age appeared to be a predictive factor for death of the first child, but only in children of high birth order were other factors, particularly the number of previous neonatal deaths, important. the first birth interval appeared to be determined mainly by the date of the first birth, indep ... | 1994 | 8200884 |
| caveat surgeon: do orthopaedic surgeons take adequate precautions against blood-borne viral infections, in particular the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)? | one year ago the british orthopaedic association issued guidelines for the prevention of cross-infection with special reference to hiv and the hepatitis viruses. we were interested to establish whether the guidelines were being widely applied and whether they had changed general orthopaedic practice. we distributed a questionnaire to scottish orthopaedic fellows, associates of the boa, and orthopaedic trainees. with a 70 per cent return rate, it would appear that the recommendations are not adhe ... | 1993 | 8244540 |
| royal society of tropical medicine and hygiene meeting at manson house, london, 10 december 1992. george carmichael low frcp: twelfth president of the society and underrated pioneer of tropical medicine. | george carmichael low, like so many early pioneers of tropical medicine, had his origin(s) in scotland. following a distinguished undergraduate (and early postgraduate) career, he joined dr patrick manson at the newly established london school of tropical medicine in 1899. his first major contribution to the specialty (in 1900) was to demonstrate filariae in the proboscis sheath of mosquitoes which had been infected with filaria bancrofti in australia, using a technique recently learned in heide ... | 1993 | 8249057 |
| epidemiological evidence that maternal influenza contributes to the aetiology of schizophrenia. an analysis of scottish, english, and danish data. | the epidemiological evidence that the offspring of women exposed to influenza in pregnancy are at increased risk of schizophrenia is conflicting. in an attempt to clarify the issue we explored the relationship between the monthly incidence of influenza (and measles) in the general population and the distribution of birth dates of three large series of schizophrenia patients--16,960 scottish patients born in 1932-60; 22,021 english patients born in 1921-60; and 18,723 danish patients born in 1911 ... | 1993 | 8252293 |
| molecular epidemiology of adenovirus conjunctivitis in glasgow 1981-1991. | adenoviruses isolated over a period of 10 years from patients with conjunctivitis were typed by neutralisation test using reference sera and by restriction endonuclease fragment (ref) analysis. adenoviruses were isolated from 516 of 10,232 patients tested (5.0%); 154 were identified as type 3, 153 as type 4, 70 as type 7, 17 as type 10 and 122 as other types. at any one time, several serotypes co-circulated. the prevalence of types varied. type 4 was not isolated in the first 2 years and then gr ... | 1993 | 8253224 |
| initial effects of the grounding of the tanker braer on health in shetland. the shetland health study group. | to determine if the oil spillage from the tanker braer had any immediate health effects on the exposed resident population. | 1993 | 8281057 |
| travel, migration and hiv. | this is a review of recent publications on the subject of travel (taken in its widest sense) and hiv/aids. as with all epidemics caused by transmissible pathogens, aids has been seen in many countries as an imported problem. what this perspective fails to recognize is that with the explosion of international travel in the past thirty years it is virtually impossible to prevent the spread of infectious disease across international frontiers. here we highlight the relative paucity of studies that ... | 1993 | 8329484 |
| estimating the population prevalence of injection drug use and infection with human immunodeficiency virus among injection drug users in glasgow, scotland. | although data on the prevalence of injection drug use are an essential prerequisite for estimating the number of individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), there have been few attempts to utilize statistical methods of population estimation based on multiple data sources. data on 3,670 cases (2,866 individuals) were obtained from the hiv test register, drug treatment agencies, police records, and needle and syringe exchanges in glasgow, scotland, in 1990. log-linear analys ... | 1993 | 8356960 |
| prevalence of hepatitis b and c viruses and human immunodeficiency virus infections in women of reproductive age. | | 1993 | 8369262 |
| a pilot scheme for improving the accuracy of serum cholesterol measurement in scotland and northern ireland. | the measurement of plasma cholesterol is subject to particularly stringent requirements of bias and imprecision because clinically important action limits lie within the bulk of the population distribution. a pilot scheme was conducted with the aim of improving the accuracy of the assay of cholesterol in 26 laboratories in scotland and northern ireland. this involved the distribution of three sets of authentic human sera with varying cholesterol concentrations assigned by the reference abell-ken ... | 1993 | 8379652 |
| childhood cancer and paternal exposure to ionizing radiation: preliminary findings from the oxford survey of childhood cancers. | paternal occupational data already collected as part of the oxford survey of childhood cancers have been reviewed. information on occupations during or before the relevant pregnancy was sought for 15,279 children dying from cancer in england, wales, and scotland in the period 1953-81, and for an equal number of matched controls. estimates were made for paternal exposure to human-made external ionizing radiation in the six months before conception of the survey child--as judged from job histories ... | 1993 | 8427262 |
| linkage of a major breast cancer gene to chromosome 17q12-21: results from 15 edinburgh families. | dna from members of 15 pedigrees each containing between three and eight cases of breast cancer have been collected from southeastern scotland. polymorphic markers on chromosome 17q were screened to locate a putative breast cancer gene by using dna from relevant individuals within these families. pairwise lod scores were calculated for markers d17s74, nm23, d17s588, and d17s579. the maximal summated lod for the 15 families was 5.44 at theta = .034, when d17s588 (42d6) was used. in these breast c ... | 1993 | 8460638 |
| an outbreak of echovirus type 4 infections and its implications for diagnosis and management in general practice. | altogether, 133 patients with echovirus type 4 infection were studied. presenting illnesses and reasons for referral to hospital were analyzed. the reason for admission was commonly concern about meningitis, but also an unexplained rash or sore throat. more research is needed in general practice in order to clearly elucidate the spectrum of disease caused by echoviruses. | 1993 | 8505568 |
| human hydatid disease leading to hospital admission in scotland 1968-1989. | an attempt to estimate the impact of hydatid disease upon human health in scotland between 1968-89 was made by examining scottish hospital discharge statistics, and death statistics. because hydatid disease may be asymptomatic, and coding errors are more likely to occur with rare diseases, an assessment was made as to the likelihood of hydatid disease having been responsible for hospital admission. over the 22 year period a total of 110 hospitalised individuals with a diagnosis of hydatid diseas ... | 1993 | 8514494 |
| vero cytotoxin-producing escherichia coli, particularly serogroup o 157, associated with human infections in the united kingdom: 1989-91. | this survey reports the results of investigations performed by the laboratory of enteric pathogens (lep), to identify evidence of human infection with vero cytotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) in the uk during the period 1989-91. bacterial isolates, faecal specimens and serum samples were received from patients suffering from diarrhoea, bloody diarrhoea and haemolytic uraemic syndrome. using serotyping, vero cytotoxin gene probing and an elisa for serum antibodies to e. coli o 157, eviden ... | 1993 | 8519324 |
| gonococcal serovar patterns in glasgow: 1990-1992. | using monoclonal antibodies directed against protein 1 (major outer membrane protein) in the cell wall of neisseria gonorrhoeae it is possible to serotype the gonococcus into different sub-groups. this study was designed to analyse the distribution of such serovars in glasgow, scotland, and report associations between serovars and clinical features of infection. n. gonorrhoeae isolated from all patients with a diagnosis of gonorrhoea attending genitourinary medicine clinics in glasgow were serot ... | 1995 | 8520255 |
| influenza surveillance in england and wales: october 1994 to june 1995. | this report summarises the information obtained by surveillance of influenza in england and wales from october 1994 to june 1995 (weeks 40/94 to 25/95). influenza b viruses were responsible for most infections, with moderate activity occurring throughout the winter, peaking in february. influenza a became more active towards the end of the winter, and laboratory reports reached a peak in may (week 21/95). influenza activity was seen first in wales, then england, followed by scotland. an increase ... | 1995 | 8556105 |
| mitochondrial mutation associated with nonsyndromic deafness. | the first mutation associated with nonsyndromic deafness has recently been identified in pedigrees with susceptibility to aminoglycoside ototoxicity and in a large arab-israeli pedigree. the mutation is maternally transmitted, and is a nucleotide substitution in the mitochondrial 12s ribosomal rna gene. a different sequence change, in the mitochondrial trna(ser)(ucn)/coi gene, has been proposed as a candidate mutation in a scottish nonsyndromic deafness pedigree. we have now identified a family ... | 1995 | 8572257 |
| a possible association between salmonella livingstone strains from man and poultry in scotland. | | 1995 | 8592817 |
| differentiation between human and ovine isolates of bordetella parapertussis using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | the genetic relatedness of 18 human and 29 ovine isolates of bordetella parapertussis was examined by macrorestriction digestion of dna with the rarely cutting enzyme xbai and resolution by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. there was clear separation of human and ovine isolates and variation within host types. the human isolates were separated into three types as were the 24 scottish ovine isolates. species-specific bands were observed with the human isolates at 114, 134, 166, 213, 346 and 372 k ... | 1996 | 8598269 |
| oral contraceptives and cervical cancer--further findings from the oxford family planning association contraceptive study. | in 1983, we reported results from the oxford family planning association contraceptive study regarding the association between oral contraceptives (ocs) and cervical neoplasia, after a 10 year follow-up of a cohort of 17,000 women. further findings from this study are reported here after an additional 12 years of follow-up. a nested case--control design was used in which cases were all women diagnosed under 45 years of age with invasive carcinoma (n = 33), carcinoma in situ (n = 121) or dysplasi ... | 1996 | 8630295 |
| observations on barclay's elephant. | this account attempts to trace the fate of the skeleton of an elephant that was gifted by george ballingall to dr john barclay, one of the most important teachers of anatomy in edinburgh during the early 19th century. in his will, barclay gifted his human and comparative anatomy collections, including the elephant, to the royal college of surgeons of edinburgh on two conditions, that a hall should be built to house the collection, and that it should be associated with his name in perpetuity. in ... | 1996 | 8632393 |
| the utilisation of hepatitis a vaccine 1992-1994. | to assess the utilisation of hepatitis a vaccine in scotland since it was licensed and also any impact this had on the utilisation of immunoglobulin prophylaxis. | 1996 | 8655301 |
| consent to medical treatment by older children in english & scottish law. | | 1996 | 8666731 |
| cystic fibrosis mutation analysis: report from 22 u.k. regional genetics laboratories. | we have collated the results of cystic fibrosis (cf) mutation analysis conducted in 22 laboratories in the united kingdom. a total of 9,807 cf chromosomes have been analysed, demonstrating 56 different mutations so far observed and accounting for 86% of cf genes in the native caucasian population of the united kingdom. delta f508 is the most common at 75.3% of cf mutations (range 56.5-83.7%), followed by g551d (3.08%; range 0.71-7.60%), g542x (1.68%; range 0.85-3.66%), 621 + 1 (g > t) (0.93%; ra ... | 1995 | 8680406 |
| microsatellite instability and the role of hmsh2 in sporadic colorectalcancer. | microsatellite instability (msi) occurs in most tumours from patients with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (hnpcc) and in around 17% of sporadic colorectal cancers. germline defects in mismatch repair (mmr) genes are responsible for the majority of large hnpcc families, with hmsh2 accounting for at least 50%. mmr gene defects also occur in a small proportion of sporadic colorectal tumours with msi. here we report a systematic analysis of mismatch repair deficiency in 215 scottish pati ... | 1996 | 8700523 |
| alfred ernest maylard, 1855-1947: glasgow surgeon extraordinaire. | this account concerns alfred ernest maylard, 1855-1947, a surgeon of exceptional ability and a man with extraordinary energy and drive. he was appointed to the victoria infirmary, glasgow, when it opened in 1890 and made an outstanding clinical and academic contribution, particularly in abdominal surgery. his organisational talents were remarkable and manifest in his influence not just upon the hospital's developments but also upon glasgow's medical life in general. in his spare time he was a ke ... | 1994 | 8720774 |
| dry bones: a paleopathological study of skeletal remains from a medieval graveyard in dundee. | we report a study on human skeletal remains excavated from a medieval city centre graveyard. the remains of approximately 75 individuals were examined and radiographs were made of selected specimens. many bones were normal and apparently from strong, young adults. the most frequent abnormality was osteoarthritis but we also noted osteoporosis, periostitis and an example of probable paget's disease. from measurements of long bones and using appropriate formulae, we estimated stature. the average ... | 1996 | 8735505 |
| the effect of human immunodeficiency virus infection and drug use on birth characteristics. | to explore the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and drug use on birth weight, length, and gestational duration at delivery. | 1996 | 8752232 |
| an outbreak of bovine tuberculosis in two herds in south west scotland--veterinary and human public health response. | although the incidence of bovine tuberculosis in uk cattle has declined markedly, outbreaks still occur. there is often confusion as to how veterinary and human public health agencies should interact in such circumstances. we report an outbreak of bovine tuberculosis which occurred in south west scotland in 1992. | 1996 | 8785076 |
| impact of a regional screening programme using maternal serum alpha fetoprotein (afp) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hcg) on the birth incidence of down's syndrome in the west of scotland. | to evaluate the impact of a large scale population screening programme on the birth incidence of down's syndrome in the west of scotland over a 12 month period. | 1994 | 8790513 |
| evaluation of a eucalyptus-based repellent against culicoides impunctatus (diptera:ceratopogonidae) in scotland. | a eucalyptus-based insect repellent (pmd) was evaluated against culicoides impunctatus in scotland in comparison with deet. in human landing catches, both repellents still afforded 98% protection from biting 8 h after application of 0.5 ml to the forearm. a second trial looking at protection between 8 and 10 h after repellent application showed 99.5% protection for pmd and 97% for deet as compared with controls. | 1996 | 8827615 |
| reduced expression of hla-b35 in schizophrenia. | the frequencies of hla class i (hla-a, b, c) and class ii (hla-dr, dq) antigens were measured in 107 unrelated schizophrenic subjects and the results compared with 264 controls from south-east scotland and a second control group of 133 individuals from north-east england. the expression of hla-b35 was significantly reduced in the schizophrenic population compared to both control populations and these differences remained significant after correction for multiple testing. linkage of schizophrenia ... | 1996 | 8840390 |
| linkage of a medium sized scottish autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa family to chromosome 7q. | retinitis pigmentosa is a group of hereditary retinopathies which is both clinically and genetically heterogeneous. autosomal dominant (adrp), autosomal recessive (arrp), and x linked recessive (xlrp), as well as digenic forms of inheritance have been reported. adrp has been linked to 3q, 6p, 7p, 7q, 8cen, 17p, 17q, and 19q. three unrelated adrp families have been reported to show linkage to 7q. we tested a scottish adrp family with microsatellite markers mapping within the 7q31-q35 region, and ... | 1996 | 8863169 |
| human cataract risk factors: significance of abstention from, and high consumption of, ethanol (u-curve) and non-significance of smoking. | current ethanol consumption and cigarette smoking were quantified by questionnaire in edinburgh and suburbs, scotland, uk. stringently matched cataract-control pairs (n = 990 and 858, respectively) were included. for ethanol, 'light and infrequent' consumption and 'light and frequent' were associated with a significantly lower risk of cataract than were total abstention and 'occasional' consumption; the prevalence of cataract rose with further increases in consumption, suggesting a u-shaped curv ... | 1996 | 8878187 |
| an outbreak of escherichia coli o157 and campylobacteriosis associated with contamination of a drinking water supply. | stream water into which treated sewage discharged contaminated the public water supply of a fife village with a population of about 1100. of 765 residents and workers who reported illness 711 had gastrointestinal symptoms and 633 were defined as cases. mains water analysis revealed high faecal coliform counts. an outbreak of campylobacter and e coli 0157 infection was bacteriologically confirmed in eight and six people respectively. two of the latter developed haemolytic uraemic syndrome. all af ... | 1996 | 8885663 |
| man walks free in scottish euthanasia case. | | 1996 | 8892409 |
| is lead in tap water still a public health problem? an observational study in glasgow. | to assess the relation between tap water lead and maternal blood lead concentrations and assess the exposure of infants to lead in tap water in a water supply area subjected to maximal water treatment to reduce plumbosolvency. | 1996 | 8892418 |
| infection with hepatitis g virus among recipients of plasma products. | hepatitis g virus (hgv or gbv-c) is a newly discovered human flavivirus distantly related to hepatitis c virus (hcv). little information is available on its natural history or routes of transmission, although it can be transmitted parenterally. we investigated the prevalence of persistent infection of hgv and hcv in patients exposed to non-virus-inactivated pooled blood products associated with transmission of hcv. | 1996 | 8918279 |
| incidence and recall of influenza in a cohort of glasgow healthcare workers during the 1993-4 epidemic: results of serum testing and questionnaire. | | 1996 | 8939114 |
| the man who understood mosquitoes. | | 1996 | 8942178 |
| respiratory viruses in a hospitalized paediatric population in edinburgh 1985-1994. | we describe the incidence of respiratory viruses identified in children admitted to an edinburgh hospital between october 1985 and july 1994. respiratory syncytial (rs) virus, influenza viruses and parainfluenza viruses showed seasonal activity whereas adenoviruses and rhinoviruses did not. parainfluenza viruses were the most changeable in their epidemiological behaviour and rs virus the least. | 1996 | 8945711 |
| insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and prenatal screening results: current experience from a regional screening programme. | from around 91,000 women having routine prenatal screening for down's syndrome and neural tube defects between july 1992 and october 1995, 261 women were identified as having insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm). alpha-fetoprotein (afp) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hcg) levels were reduced in these women, with median levels of 0.89 and 0.91 multiples of the median (mom), respectively. the iddm patients had a median weight which was 6 kg heavier than that of non-iddm women. after corr ... | 1996 | 8953638 |
| confirmation of linkage of oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy to chromosome 14q11.2-q13. | oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy is a late-onset, autosomally dominant disorder characterized by progressive ptosis, dysphagia, and extremity weakness. linkage of oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy to 14q11.2-q13 has been reported in a series of french canadian families. haplotype analysis in these data shows a single segregating disease chromosome, suggesting a founder effect in this population. we ascertained and sampled for linkage studies 5 multigenerational american families with oculopha ... | 1996 | 8957024 |