| [acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, chronic coccidiosis and salmonella typhimurium septicemia in a couple from zaire. immunological functions and attempt at immunostimulation by thymopentin]. | a clinical review of a young couple from zaïre with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) is reported. both had opportunistic infections such as salmonella typhimurium septicemia, genital herpes and digestive candidiasis. the husband was hospitalized for diarrhea from isospora belli infection and for hemoptysis from an aspergilloma. his wife was admitted for a thoracic herpes zoster infection and left hemiplegia preceding subacute encephalitis. in both patients the biological immune function ... | 1984 | 6393326 |
| isospora belli enteritis in three homosexual men. | isospora belli is an uncommon cause of diarrhea in man. like the closely related cryptosporidium, the organism causes disease that may be more severe and chronic in patients with underlying immune deficiency states. we describe three male homosexuals with isospora enteritis. each had several months of diarrhea. all three patients had lymphopenia and two had profound t cell helper-suppressor ratio reversal. in addition, two of the patients admitted to oral-anal contact, a practice associated with ... | 1984 | 6507724 |
| isospora belli in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | isospora belli is a cause of protracted diarrhea in immunocompromised patients. acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), seen mostly in homosexual men and narcotic addicts, predisposes affected persons to a number of opportunistic infections. as isospora belli has been reported only once in this group, we report isospora belli in an aids patient with chronic diarrhea. | 1984 | 6512229 |
| [severe digestive complications of aids in a group of patients from zaire]. | severe digestive complications of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) were observed in 9 patients among a group of 17 patients from zaire treated for aids in belgium between may 1979-april 1983. among the 9 cases, there were 10 ailments of the upper digestive tract, 7 of intestinal disorders, 3 of hepatic disorders, and 2 of pancreatic disorders. the average age of affected patients was 35 years. 4 men averaged 32 years and 5 women averaged 39 years. their average stay in belgium was ... | 1984 | 6524266 |
| isospora belli diarrheal infection in homosexual men. | unsporulated isospora belli oocysts were detected in the stool specimens of three homosexual men. the oocysts were ellipsoidal measuring 23-33 x 12-15 micron. it is acid fast with modified cold kinyoun stain (mck) and reveals orange fluorescence with the truant's stain. sheather's sucrose flotation method is effective in concentrating isospora oocyst as with other coccidial oocysts. one specimen showed many charcot-leyden crystals. all three patients responded to treatment. isosporiosis is rare ... | 1983 | 6546006 |
| isospora belli infection as a cause of diarrhoea. | a case of isospora belli infection in thailand is reported. an 18 month-old thai girl from a foster home was hospitalized for acute mucous diarrhoea. immature oocysts of i. belli were detected in the stool examination by simple saline smear. the symptoms subsided spontaneously with the disappearance of parasite from the stools on the fifth day. the pathogenesis of mucous diarrhoea and the route of transmission was discussed. | 1983 | 6673130 |
| [incidence and clinical aspects of intestinal coccidiosis in a tropical medicine practice]. | the microscopic investigation of 3 500 faecal samples with a method of concentration combining the ether treatment and flottation, has allowed to spot 5 cases (out of 700) of isosporosis (isospora belli) among subjects coming all from the tropical area and showing an occasionally serious symptomatology which has been treated by tinidazole. besides 2% samples were infested by sarcocystis hominis. the subjects affected were also from tropical origin, but did not present clinical disorders directly ... | 1980 | 6784940 |
| [human intestinal coccidiosis in chile: infections by isospora belli and by sarcocystis hominis (isospora hominis)]. | | 1981 | 6812599 |
| [human isosporosis caused by isospora belli wenyon, 1923, salvador-bahia]. | | 1983 | 6879052 |
| [an autopsy case of t-cell lymphoma associated with disseminated varicella and malabsorption syndrome due to isospora belli infection (author's transl)]. | | 1981 | 6975832 |
| isospora belli infection in australia. | | 1981 | 7301423 |
| [a case of human isospora belli coccidiosis]. | | 1981 | 7348500 |
| the warthin-starry stain in the diagnosis of small intestinal microsporidiosis in hiv-infected patients. | a protocol for the handling of small intestinal biopsies from hiv-infected patients is presented. this protocol includes the warthin-starry stain for the detection of microsporidia. this stain has proved a reliable and sensitive diagnostic technique for microsporidial infections as it stains both enterocytozoon bieneusi and septata intestinalis in duodenal enterocytes. because the stain demonstrates septata intestinalis in lamina propria macrophages as well as enterocytes, it allows for the prac ... | 1993 | 7516907 |
| [treatment of recurrent isospora belli diarrhea]. | | 1995 | 7577118 |
| intestinal infection with isospora belli. | a review article discussing the taxonomy, parasite life cycle and laboratory diagnosis of isospora belli is presented. the pathology, epidemiology, clinical findings and therapy of human intestinal infection with isospora belli are also addressed. | 1995 | 7617833 |
| parasitic infections associated with hiv/aids in the caribbean. | this review article seeks to highlight the significance for the caribbean of major parasitic infections associated with aids, encourage awareness of these opportunistic parasites, and promote familiarity with appropriate diagnostic techniques and their clinical relevance. specific agents considered include pneumocystis carinii; toxoplasma gondii; the enteric coccidians cryptosporidium spp., isospora belli, and cyclospora cayetanensis; the hemoflagellates leishmania spp. and trypanosoma cruzi; th ... | 1995 | 7640691 |
| [cd4+ lymphocytes and opportunistic infections and neoplasms in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection]. | the cd4+ lymphocytes are the principal target cell for the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). their depletion originates a very severe cell immunosuppression, which conditions the appearance of opportunistic infections and neoplasms characteristic of aids. the aim of this study was to evaluate whether there is a relation between the degree of cell immunosuppression and the type of opportunistic infections and neoplasms which these patients develop in spain. | 1994 | 7646597 |
| haemorrhagic ulcerative colitis due to isospora belli in aids. | | 1995 | 7647128 |
| [comparison of intestinal parasite infestation indexes among hiv positive and negative populations]. | this study was carried out on two groups of patients treated at the josé de san martín clinical hospital. one group was composed of 82 hiv-seropositive patients with no signs of diarrhea, and another one of 300 patients, not suspected of hiv infection, was considered as "control population". stool samples were collected from each patient and examined for intestinal parasites. these determinations were carried out at the department of clinical biochemistry, in the same hospital. three specimens w ... | 1994 | 7715428 |
| intestinal and extraintestinal isospora belli infection in an aids patient. a second case report. | a 30-year-old black female, from burkina faso, had aids in 1990. she died in march 1993 following a cachexia secondary to a chronic intestinal isosporiasis. the autopsy revealed a massive parasitic infection by i. belli of the small intestine mesenteric and mediastinal lymph nodes and liver and spleen. the parasite stage observed in extra intestinal sites corresponded to unizoite tissue cysts. this is the first report of i. belli infection in liver and spleen. | 1994 | 7746744 |
| submicroscopic profile of isospora belli enteritis in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | small bowel mucosal fragments from a human immunodeficiency virus-positive female patient with chronic diarrhea were investigated by transmission electron microscopy, and isospora belli enteritis was documented. the submicroscopic profile was characterized by a moderate abnormality of mucosal architecture with reduction in height of villi and hypertrophy of crypts. stages of both asexual (trophozoite, schizont and merozoite) and sexual (macrogametocyte) phases of the life cycle of the parasite w ... | 1994 | 7809997 |
| gut parasites in hiv-seropositive zambian adults with diarrhoea. | we undertook a nine month study to define the frequency of parasitic infections in adults with diarrhoea presenting at the medical filter clinic and the dermatovenereology clinic of the university teaching hospital in lusaka, zambia. a total of 287 patients with diarrhoea were enrolled in the study; 130 from the adult medicine filter clinic recruitment consulting room and 157 patients from the dermatovenereology clinic. of 130 patients from the adult filter clinic, 85 (65%) were hiv-seropositive ... | 1994 | 7835260 |
| [digestive involvements in human immunodeficiency virus infection]. | dysphagia or odynophagia occurs in an estimated 21% of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. a causal agent can be identified in 60-90% of the cases and generally can be successfully eradicated. oesophageal candidosis, the predominant disorder, usually responds to nitrate derivatives and amphotericine b after a 10 to 15 day cure. ulcerations of the oesophagus is the second major cause of dysphagia in these patients and result from cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex infections or ... | 1995 | 7899394 |
| cyclospora infection in adults infected with hiv. clinical manifestations, treatment, and prophylaxis. | to determine the prevalence and clinical manifestations of cyclospora in haitians infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) who have diarrhea and to evaluate therapy and prophylaxis. | 1994 | 7944073 |
| isospora belli infection associated with acalculous cholecystitis in a patient with aids. | | 1994 | 7944075 |
| isospora belli reactive arthritis in a patient with aids. | | 1994 | 7979603 |
| aids and the gut. | there are increasing challenges for the practising gastroenterologist in treating aids-related gastrointestinal diseases. the differential diagnoses of dysphagia and odynophagia include cytomegalovirus (cmv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection, non-specific aphthous ulceration and non-aids oesophageal diseases, especially reflux oesophagitis. chronic subacute abdominal pain with nausea, vomiting, early satiety and weight loss is suggestive of an obstructive lesion caused by lymphoma or kapo ... | 1994 | 8054532 |
| new parasites on the block: emerging intestinal protozoa. | several trends in clinical medicine have converged recently and placed intestinal protozoan infections in a position of increasing importance to health professionals. these trends include the pandemic of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infections that cause the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and result in associated opportunistic infections. the increasing use of powerful chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressive agents to prevent rejection of transplanted tissues in human allograft r ... | 1994 | 8055239 |
| hiv-1 and parasitic infections in rural tanzania. | a sample of 300 sexually-active adults was selected at random from patients, from the rural area of malenga makali, tanzania, who were attending a dispensary because they had diarrhoea of at least 2 weeks' duration. the potential associations between the patient's health (in terms of the world health organization's clinical definition of aids), hiv-1 seroprevalence and malaria and other parasitic infections were then investigated. although, hiv-1 seroprevalence was 20.6% overall, the level of se ... | 1993 | 8122920 |
| [incidence of enteropathogens in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection]. | to establish the incidence of diarrhea and its evolution over time, the causal microorganisms, recurrence and associated mortality in patients with aids or severe immunologic alterations (cd4 lymphocytes lower than 0.5 x 10(9)/l). | 1994 | 8159053 |
| human isosporiasis in an aids patient--report of first case in malaysia. | an aids patient with multiple opportunistic infections (candida, pneumocystis carinii and isospora belli) was identified at the university hospital, kuala lumpur. the patient presented with profuse diarrhoea associated with lethargy, anorexia and weight loss. routine stool examination showed isospora belli oocysts. the infection responded to treatment with trimethroprim-sulfamethoxazole but relapse occurred 8 weeks later. this represents the first documented case of isosporiasis to occur in an a ... | 1993 | 8183153 |
| transient isospora belli infection in a normal child. | | 1993 | 8244507 |
| [drinking water and parasites]. | entamoeba histolytica, giardia lamblia, cryptosporidium parvum, isospora belli, balantidium coli, and microsporidia spp. are cosmopolitan parasites. they often cause diarrheal diseases. the waterborn transmission of all these parasites is possible (41). surface water supplies used for drinking water are potential sources of contamination. giardia lamblia and cryptosporidium spp. have received great attention in industrialized countries during the last years because they are the etiological agent ... | 1993 | 8253478 |
| [isospora belli infection in an aids patient]. | | 1993 | 8326922 |
| prevalence of intestinal protozoans in french patients infected with hiv. | to assess the prevalence of intestinal protozoans in french hiv-infected patients, stool samples, duodenojejunal biopsies, and/or colorectal biopsies from 81 patients were studied for parasites, viruses, and bacteria. pathogens were found in 70.6% of aids patients with diarrhea or malabsorption. the respective prevalence of protozoa in aids patients with diarrhea was cryptosporidium sp.: 37.3%, blastocystis hominis: 13.7%, giardia intestinalis: 5.8%, isospora belli: 2%, enterocytozoon bieneusi: ... | 1993 | 8340892 |
| [isospora belli infection in a patient with adult t cell leukemia]. | a 53-year-old man was hospitalized for the development of watery diarrhea associated with decreased appetite and progressive weight loss and was found to have leukocytosis. the white blood cell count was 14,600/microliters with 66 percent abnormal lymphocytes. serum anti-htlv-i was positive and monoclonal insertion of htlv-i provirus into the atypical cell genome was confirmed with the southern blotting hybridization technique. a diagnosis of atl was made. examination of fresh stool specimens re ... | 1993 | 8345663 |
| the prevalence of giardia and other intestinal parasites in children, dogs and cats from aboriginal communities in the kimberley. | to determine the prevalence of giardia duodenalis and other intestinal parasites in children, dogs and cats from aboriginal communities in the west kimberley region of western australia. | 1993 | 8450779 |
| prevalence of cryptosporidium sp. and isospora belli among aids patients attending santos reference center for aids, são paulo, brazil. | from march 1991 to february 1992, 276 stool samples from 131 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) (average, 2.1 samples per patient) and stool samples from 81 presumed immunocompetent individuals were studied for the prevalence of cryptosporidium sp. and isospora belli. the techniques employed were a modified formol-ether concentration, carbol (phenol) auramine staining, and a modified kinyoun acid-fast method. the prevalence of both coccidia among aids patients was 25.9% ... | 1993 | 8501608 |
| opportunistic and non-opportunistic parasites in hiv-positive and negative patients with diarrhoea in tanzania. | a survey on intestinal parasites in a rural area of tanzania revealed the presence of eight protozoa and seven helminths in 287 subjects (81.8%). the prevalence of entamoeba histolytica and ascaris lumbricoides was higher in hiv-negative than in hiv-positive patients (p < 0.01; p < 0.04) (25.1% and 12.5% for e. histolytica; 10.5% and 3.7% for a. lumbricoides). on the other hand, cryptosporidium parvum, isospora belli and strongyloides stercoralis prevalence was higher in hiv-positive than in hiv ... | 1995 | 8525281 |
| understanding intestinal spore-forming protozoa: cryptosporidia, microsporidia, isospora, and cyclospora. | to summarize recent information about the "new" gastrointestinal protozoal pathogens (cryptosporidia, microsporidia, isospora, and cyclospora) and to help practicing clinicians integrate this information into their clinical databases by emphasizing the similarities among these organisms. | 1996 | 8554253 |
| prevalence of enteric parasitic infection among hiv-infected attendees of an inner city aids clinic. | one hundred individuals confirmed to be infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), volunteered to participate in a pilot study comparing clinical status and enteric parasite burden with race, age, cd4 levels, risk factors and sexual practice. the prevalence of enteric parasites was 55 (55%) for giardia lamblia, 6 (6%) for cryptosporidium, 10 (10%) for isospora belli and 3 (3%) for entamoeba histolytica. there was no associations between demographic variables and the presence of parasi ... | 1995 | 8574144 |
| intestinal opportunistic parasites among different groups of immunocompromised hosts. | the present study was designed to find out the prevalence of different intestinal opportunistic parasites in different groups of immunocompromised hosts; patients suffering from malignancy with or without immuno-suppressive drugs, or with chronic renal failure, or diabetes mellitus, or subjects under cortisone therapy. examination of stool samples collected from 427 immunocompromised hosts revealed the detection of intestinal opportunistic parasites in 98 samples, with a prevalence of 23%. infec ... | 1995 | 8586866 |
| intestinal protozoa. | giardia is the best known cause of protozoal gastrointestinal disease in north america, producing significant but not life-threatening gastrointestinal distress and diarrhea. although diagnosis of giardiasis may be challenging, treatment is usually successful. entamoeba histolytica poses a rarer but far more difficult clinical challenge. dysentery caused by e. histolytica may be the most feared intestinal protozoal infection, although cryptosporidium parvum, balantidium coli, isospora belli, sar ... | 1996 | 8644565 |
| cholecystectomy in patients with aids: clinicopathologic correlations in 107 cases. | the etiologic and clinical features of cholecystisis in infection due to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) were studies retrospectively. the charts and histopathologic specimens of 136 hiv-infected patients who underwent cholecystectomy between february 1987 and may 1993 at a large tertiary care center were reviewed. opportunistic pathogens infecting the 107 patients with aids included microsporidia (eight cases-- enterocytozoon bieneusi in six and septata intestinalis in two); cytomegalovirus ... | 1995 | 8645829 |
| [prevalence of cryptosporidium sp and isospora belli in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in dakar (senegal]. | 72 patients with aids, having diarrhoea and admitted in the unit of infectious diseases, fann hospital from 1989 to 1991 were investigated for cryptosporidium sp. and isospora belli isolation by the modified ziehl-neelsen technique, after stolls' concentration by ritchie technique. the prevalence were 13.9% for cryptosporidium sp, and 15.3% for i. belli. in two patients (2.8%), these 2 coccidiae were associated. cryptosporidium sp. and i. belli were the single parasites found respectively in 6 ( ... | 1994 | 8654165 |
| isospora belli infection in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in india. | | 1996 | 8708333 |
| opportunistic intestinal protozoa in chronic diarrhoeic immunosuppressed patients. | chronic diarrhoea accompanied by weight loss is a common and often debilitating problem in immunocompromized patients, receiving chemotherapeutic agents. in these patients, the intestinal opportunistic parasites probably played a major role in causing this clinical manifestation. the present work, aims to search for these parasites. special stains for each parasite were used to differentiate it easily from the fecal elements, obviating the need for diagnostic invasive techniques especially used ... | 1996 | 8721235 |
| the relevance of laboratory diagnosis of human cryptosporidiosis and other coccidia. | human infection by cryptosporidium spp and other coccidia are due to opportunist non-host specific microorganisms. in hiv seropositive patients, the gastrointestinal symptoms accompanying such infections may be serious and prolonged and may include nausea, low-grade fever, abdominal cramps, anorexia and watery diarrhoea. we studied 188 stool samples from 111 patients (84 men and 27 women) with diarrhoea. a modified ziehl-nielsen technique for the detection of cryptosporidium spp and isospora bel ... | 1995 | 8729759 |
| intracellular protozoan infection in small intestinal biopsies of patients with aids. light and electron microscopic evaluation. | small intestinal biopsies of 21 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) with light microscopic findings diagnostic or suspicious for parasite infection were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (tem). tem allowed us to identify and specify the genus and species of involved parasites in 16 out of the 21 cases: 7 cryptosporidium parvum, 5 enterocytozoon bieneusi and 4 isospora belli. cryptosporidium was easily identified on light microscopy (lm), and only slightly influ ... | 1996 | 8739472 |
| recently recognised microbial enteropathies and hiv infection. | persistent diarrhoea and small bowel enteropathy are important features of hiv infection. at least 80% of cases of persistent diarrhoea in patients with hiv/aids can be attributed to a specific enteropathogen. the coccidian parasites cryptosporidium parvum, isospora belli and cyclospora and the microsporidia account for at least 50% of cases of persistent diarrhoea in the industrialised and developing world with major contributions from mycobacterium avium complex and other bacteria and cytomegl ... | 1996 | 8818830 |
| prevalence of intestinal parasites in adult patients with enteropathic aids in north-eastern tanzania. | a six month study was conducted in north-eastern tanzania to determine the prevalence of pathogenic intestinal parasites among adult patients with enteropathic aids. a total of 352 patients were recruited of whom 158 (45%) had chronic diarrhoea. of the 352 patients, 123 (35%) had intestinal parasites. of the 123, 77 (62.6%) patients had chronic diarrhoea. the types of parasites detected were cryptosporidium, isospora belli, strongyloides stercoralis, schistosoma mansoni, trichuris, trichiura, as ... | 1996 | 8840602 |
| [recent features of parasites detected from clinical specimens]. | it is generally considered that we have already been through with problems caused by various kinds of parasites which had once raged throughout the country. on the contrary to our common concept, we occasionally encounter some kinds of parasites in a laboratory as well as in clinical fields, which have become unfamiliar to us in these days. parasitic diseases are in the first place, proper and limited to certain local regions, but the present situation has been greatly changed. nowadays, specifi ... | 1996 | 8847822 |
| parasitic diseases in immunocompromised hosts. cryptosporidiosis, isosporiasis, and strongyloidiasis. | cryptosporidiosis and isosporiasis are intestinal infections caused by the protozoan parasites cryptosporidium parvum and isospora belli, respectively. hiv infection and other immunodeficiency diseases predispose human subjects to severe and prolonged cryptosporidiosis. there is also evidence that hiv infection predisposes to chronic isosporiasis. strongyloidiasis is caused by a nematode worm, strongyloides stercoralis. administration of corticosteroids to patients with chronic low-grade s. ster ... | 1996 | 8863046 |
| emerging diarrheal pathogens: cryptosporidium parvum, isospora belli, cyclospora species, and microsporidia. | | 1996 | 8880880 |
| intestinal parasitism in san cayetano, corrientes, argentina. | an epidemiologic study was conducted in san cayetano, a village in the province of corrientes, argentina, to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitoses in children. eighty-eight households were randomly selected. stool samples were collected from 207 children (72% of the school-age population and 12% of the total village population) over a period of six consecutive days, and were subjected to microscopic examination. of the samples examined, 170 (83%) contained one or more parasites, of ... | 1996 | 8897723 |
| prevalence of isospora belli in aids and immunocompetent patients in uganda. | | 1996 | 8949619 |
| [parasitic infections in aids]. | the list of infections, threatening patients with impaired immunological system, especially infected with hiv, prolongs systematically. the review of literature data concerning species known up to now as aids defining parasitic infections (pneumocystis carinii, toxoplasma gondii, cryptosporidium, isospora belli, microsporidium and cyclospora) is presented. | 1996 | 8967074 |
| persistent diarrhea caused by isospora belli: therapeutic response to pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine. | a 54-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive homosexual man developed overwhelming watery diarrhea and marked weight loss over a 3-week period. although entamoeba histolytica and other nonpathogenic enteric protozoa were observed along with isospora belli in this patient's stool specimens, they were promptly eradicated after metronidazole (flagyl) treatment. the presence of i. belli oocysts in various stages of development in the stool and clinical symptoms related to isospora infec ... | 1996 | 8985661 |
| biology of isospora spp. from humans, nonhuman primates, and domestic animals. | coccidial parasites of the genus isospora cause intestinal disease in several mammalian host species. these protozoal parasites have asexual and sexual stages within intestinal cells of their hosts and produce an environmentally resistant cyst stage, the oocyst. infections are acquired by the ingestion of infective (sporulated) oocysts in contaminated food or water. some species of mammalian isospora have evolved the ability to use paratenic (transport) hosts. in these cases, infections can be a ... | 1997 | 8993857 |
| waterborne protozoan pathogens. | protozoan parasites were the most frequently identified etiologic agents in waterborne disease outbreak from 1991 to 1994. the waterborne parasites giardia lamblia, naegleria fowleri, acanthamoeba spp., entamoeba histolytica, cryptosporidium parvum, cyclospora cayetanesis, isospora belli, and the microsporidia are reviewed. for each parasite, the review includes history, life cycle, incidence, symptoms, and therapy. clinical detection methods are compared, and emerging technologies are discussed ... | 1997 | 8993859 |
| [diarrhea and aids: more complex diagnostic techniques; better therapeutic results]. | during 17 months, 73 hiv-positive patients with diarrhea lasting at least for 14 days, were studied prospectively. the patients had stool specimen examinations negative for enteric pathogens, or positive for one of them, but with no response to specific treatment. all patients were subcomitted to digestive endoscopy and biopsies were taken for microbiological and histological studies. the etiology of the diarrhea could be established in 48 patients (66%). in 45, the cause was an enteric infectio ... | 1996 | 9137663 |
| nitazoxanide in the treatment of cryptosporidial diarrhea and other intestinal parasitic infections associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in tropical africa. | eighteen patients hospitalized with intestinal parasitic infections associated with diarrhea and dehydration completed a study of nitazoxanide in the treatment of cryptosporidium parvum and other intestinal parasitic infections. seventeen of the 18 patients were positive for human immunodeficiency virus. twelve patients were diagnosed with clinical stage 4 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) according to the 1990 world health organization proposed clinical classification system and cryptos ... | 1997 | 9230795 |
| examination of extraintestinal tissue cysts of isospora belli. | relapse is common in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed humans infected with isospora belli and is believed to be associated with the presence of extraintestinal stages. in the present study, we examined this important stage in an aids patient using histological, immunohistological, histochemical, and ultrastructural methods to better understand the development and structure of this stage and to develop better means of detecting infections. antisera made in rabbits to isospora suis, toxoplasma ... | 1997 | 9267401 |
| isospora belli in a patient with aids. | | 1997 | 9279738 |
| reevaluating the molecular taxonomy: is human-associated cyclospora a mammalian eimeria species? | human-associated cyclospora is a coccidian parasite that causes diarrheal disease. a reevaluation of the parasite's molecular taxonomy that takes into account newly published data for seven eimeria species shows that cyclospora belongs to the eimeria clade (eimeriidae family). the cyclospora branch on the phylogenetic tree is between the branches of the eight avian and two mammalian eimeria species that have been evaluated to date. furthermore, preliminary results indicate that cyclospora and is ... | 1997 | 9284387 |
| intestinal parasitic infections in patients with malignancy. | the frequency of intestinal parasitic infections was studied retrospectively in 1,029 cancer patients presenting with symptoms of diarrhoea. intestinal parasites were diagnosed by stool examination, using both the direct and concentration techniques and also the modified acid fast stain. parasitic infection was found in 16.5% of the cases. the majority of the patients with intestinal parasitosis had cancer of the haemopoietic system and were on anticancer chemotherapy. the most prevalent parasit ... | 1997 | 9360344 |
| hep-2 cell-adherent escherichia coli and intestinal secretory immune response to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in outpatients with hiv-associated diarrhea. | hep-2 cell-adherent escherichia coli and the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) itself have recently been incriminated as causes of chronic hiv-associated diarrhea. this study sought to determine the prevalence of these two agents among hiv-infected patients with diarrhea in an outpatient setting in the united states and to compare their prevalence to that of other commonly recognized enteropathogens known to be present in this population. hep-2 cell-adherent e. coli was found in 20 of 83 (24.1% ... | 1998 | 9455887 |
| enteropathy in zambians with hiv related diarrhoea: regression modelling of potential determinants of mucosal damage. | aids is characterised by small intestinal mucosal damage, but its aetiopathogenesis is poorly understood. enteric infections in africa differ from those in northern countries, where protozoan infections have been associated with severe enteropathy in aids patients. | 1997 | 9462215 |
| [a clinical and biological study of parasitic and fungal diarrhea in immunosuppressed patients in an urban and suburban area of yaoundé]. | we studied 66 cases of intestinal mycosis and parasitosis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus with chronic diarrhea. all subjects were from the yaounde urban area and were followed between february and december 1996. they were recruited from 3 hospitals in the center of yaounde and were aged between 2 and 52 years. there was weight loss in 80.3% and severe dehydration in 72.3% of cases. feces consisted mostly of watery stools similar to those of cholera patients (50% of ca ... | 1997 | 9503491 |
| nitazoxanide for the treatment of intestinal protozoan and helminthic infections in mexico. | a study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide as a single agent for the treatment of a broad spectrum of mixed parasitic infections, both protozoa and helminths, was conducted at a primary school in san pedro tolimán, querétaro, mexico. three faecal samples from 1824 adults and children were screened for the presence of oocysts, cysts, trophozoites, eggs or larvae of intestinal protozoa or helminths. two hundred and forty-six adults and children infected with at least one protozoan ... | 1997 | 9580117 |
| cryptosporidium and other parasites in ethiopian aids patients with chronic diarrhoea. | previous studies in other african countries have shown high prevalences of isospora belli and cryptosporidium parvum infections in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) patients with chronic diarrhoea. however, there is lack of information regarding these infectious agents in ethiopian aids patients. thus, this investigation has been aimed at determining the prevalence of cryptosporidium and other related gastrointestinal parasites in aids patients with diarrhoea in seven addis ababa hospita ... | 1998 | 9640833 |
| [hiv infection and isosporiasis. presentation of a case]. | a hiv seropositive patient with chronic diarrheic syndrome, in which oocysts of isospora belli were detected in feces by the modified technique of ziehl-neelsen was studied. other coproparasitological techniques were applied and cultures were applied made with negative results. any other infectious origin was excluded from the picture. the patient was treated with 2 tablets of co-trimoxazole (trimethoprin 80 mg, sulphamethoxazole 400 mg) every 6 hours for ten days, with referral of the symptoms. | 1997 | 9685979 |
| opportunistic protozoa in stool samples from hiv-infected patients. | a retrospective study of stool samples of hiv-infected patients from january 1994 to december 1995 submitted to the department of tropical pathology was analyzed. there were twenty-two cases, all of which presented with chronic diarrhea. result showed that 50% were infected with protozoa. these include microsporidium (27.27%), cryptosporidium (9.09%), isospora belli (4.54%) and giardia intestinalis cysts (9.09%). other infections were candida sp, strongyloides stercoralis larva and opisthorchis ... | 1998 | 9740264 |
| [intestinal parasitic infections and leishmaniasis in patients with hiv infection]. | intestinal parasite infections are very frequent in hiv patients with severe immunodeficiency (cd4 < 100/mm3) causing chronic diarrhea and malabsorption in the majority of cases. the most frequent microorganisms are microsporidia and cryptosporidium parvum while cyclospora cayetanensis and isospora belli are more prevalent in subtropical and tropical areas and rare in industrialized areas. the diagnosis can be obtained by stool examination (differences in size and form of cysts), although micros ... | 1998 | 9859620 |
| preliminary identification of an intestinal coccidian parasite in man. | an unidentified coccidian parasite was observed in saline faecal smears of five immunocompromised patients. very few of these organisms were observed in the oocystic stage. they were oval in shape with rounded edges and contained two sporulated sporocysts, 7.5-9.5 um in diameter with a nipple like projection. they are smaller than sporocysts of sarcocystis hominis and suihominis. for further identification, the modified ziehl-neelsen stain was used. the sporocysts showed variability in staining. ... | 1998 | 9914703 |
| [a case of imported paratyphoid fever associated with giardia lamblia and isospora belli infection]. | we report a case of imported paratyphoid fever associated with giardia lamblia and isospora belli infection. the patient was a 23-year-old japanese female with complaints of high grade fever and diarrhea after 10 days traveling to nepal. salmonella paratyphi a was isolated from the blood and fecal cultures on admission and ciprofloxacin of 200 mg tid was administered for 14 days. fecal examination revealed cysts of g. lamblia at the same time and metronidazole of 250 mg tid for 7 days was effect ... | 1998 | 9916420 |
| human intestinal infection due to coccidia in mozambique: two cases. | a case of intestinal infection by cryptosporidium parvum and another of intestinal isospora belli infection, both in aids patients, are described. the two patients presented pulmonary tuberculosis symptoms and watery diarrhoea. modified ziehl-neelsen stain of stools gave a definitive diagnosis in both cases. they are the first reports of intestinal coccidia infections in aids patients described in mozambique. | 1999 | 9924958 |
| prevalence of intestinal parasites in cuban acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) patients. | a coproparasitological study was carried out on 67 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) patients admitted at the institute of tropical medicine 'pedro kouri'. the results were compared with 136 hiv-seronegative patients (control group) who were also hospitalised in the same period. in both groups monoparasitism was more prevalent than polyparasitism and intestinal protozoa were more prevalent than helminths. at least one intestinal parasite was found in 34 (51%) of the 67 aids patients and ... | 1999 | 9924968 |
| fuchsin fluorescence and autofluorescence in cryptosporidium, isospora and cyclospora oocysts. | cryptosporidium parvum and isospora belli oocysts stained with carbol-fuchsin, as in a modified ziehl neelsen technique, fluoresce bright red under green light (546nm). cryptosporidium oocysts tend to fluoresce more brightly the less intensely stained they appear under transmitted light; this is not the case with isospora. fuchsin-stained cyclospora cayetanensis oocysts fluoresce rather dimly, but those not taking the dye retain their typical autofluorescence. cryptosporidium and isospora oocyst ... | 1998 | 9925267 |
| [isosporiasis (isospora belli)]. | | 1999 | 10201247 |
| intestinal parasites of some diarrhoeic hiv-seropositive individuals in north brazil, with particular reference to isospora belli wenyon, 1923 and dientamoeba fragilis jepps & dobell, 1918. | | 1999 | 10464402 |
| prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in brazil. | to evaluate the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and to investigate the possible associations of clinical status and laboratory findings with the different parasites found in stool samples. | 1999 | 10575149 |
| emerging pathogens: isospora, cyclospora and microsporidia. | isospora belli, cyclospora cayetanensis as well as several species of microsporidia are recognized as emerging protozoan pathogens of humans. all are obligate intracellular parasites, with isospora and the microsporidia being primarily associated with immunocompromised hosts. cyclospora is a cause of traveller's diarrhoea, and is responsible for water-borne and food-borne outbreaks of disease. drug treatment is available for these infections. improved diagnostic methods including the autofluores ... | 1998 | 10660937 |
| intestinal protozoa in hiv-infected patients in apulia, south italy. | protozoa are important enteric pathogens in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. in this study the prevalence of intestinal protozoa in 154 hiv-infected patients, with or without diarrhoea, in our region (apulia, south italy) was evaluated between december 1993 and february 1998. in the majority of patients cd4+ t cell count was below 200/microl. the overall prevalence of intestinal protozoa was 43/154 (27.92%). twenty-eight (43.08%) out of 65 patients with diarrhoea and 1 ... | 1999 | 10694157 |
| intestinal spore-forming protozoa among patients suffering from chronic renal failure. | cryptosporidium parvum, isospora belli, cyclospora cayetanensis and microsporidia are four intestinal spore-forming protozoa that cause diarrhoea in immuno-competent individuals and immuno-suppressed patients. fresh stool samples were obtained from 120 patients suffering from crf and attending the dialysis unit of zagazig university hospital. also, stool samples were obtained from 40 immuno-competent individuals complaining of diarrhoea (control group). the stool samples were examined by direct ... | 2000 | 10786022 |
| effect of antiretroviral therapy on cryptosporidiosis and microsporidiosis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. | to better understand whether potent antiretroviral therapies can modify the natural history of hiv-1-associated microsporidiosis and cryptosporidiosis, the response to antimicrobial treatment of these opportunistic infections was evaluated in patients with or without antiretroviral treatment. fifty patients with diarrhoea, all positive for cryptosporidium parvum or enterocytozoon bieneusi, were included in the study. retrospective data were collected concerning demographics, clinical and microbi ... | 2000 | 10795595 |
| prevalence of intestinal pathogens in hiv patients with diarrhea: implications for treatment. | patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) commonly experience diarrhea at some time during their illness. a variety of enteric pathogens are identified in 50-80% of these patients, depending on the intensity of the diagnostic work-up that is done. in addition to the common enteric pathogens, several unusual enteric pathogens are recognized to cause diarrhea especially in hiv patients. these include protozoan parasites such as cryptosporidia, isospora belli, cyclospora cayaten ... | 1999 | 10798040 |
| cryptosporidium and isospora belli diarrhoea in immunocompromised hosts. | cryptosporidium and isospora, two of the intestinal coccidian parasites known to be the causative agents of acute diarrhoea in animals, have now emerged as one of the main causes of prolonged life threatening diarrhoea in immunocompromised patients particularly so in patients with aids. between june 1996 and december 1997, a total of 75 immunocompromised patients presenting with diarrhoea were investigated both for cryptosporidium and isospora. the study group consisted of cancer and aids patien ... | 1999 | 10810553 |
| trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared with ciprofloxacin for treatment and prophylaxis of isospora belli and cyclospora cayetanensis infection in hiv-infected patients. a randomized, controlled trial. | in developing countries, isospora belli and cyclospora cayetanensis frequently cause chronic diarrhea in hiv-infected patients. | 2000 | 10836915 |
| [a new trichromic safranin stain for the detection of cryptosporidium parvum, cyclospora cayetanensis, species of microsporidia and isospora belli in fecal material]. | cryptosporidium parvum, isospora belli, cyclospora cayetanensis and microsporidia are frequent pathogens in the immunodeficient host, which may cause multiple infections. the above mentioned parasites are found in feces by the application of different specific tintorial techniques. the objective of this work was the development of a stain for the simultaneous detection of these parasites, reducing costs as well as the time taken to make the diagnosis. the safranin-trichrome stain is simple, chip ... | 1999 | 10932763 |
| taxonomic position of the human intestinal protozoan parasite isospora belli as based on ribosomal rna sequences. | the taxonomic positions of isospora belli and other members of the genus isospora are controversial. we determined the small-subunit ribosomal rna of i. belli and used this sequence in combination with other coccidian rna sequences for analysis of the taxonomic position of i. belli. the phylogenetic trees we obtained provide molecular evidence for three clades within a monophyletic group that represents the suborder eimeriina. the clade containing i. belli consists of tissue-cyst-forming coccidi ... | 2000 | 10952268 |
| detection of isospora belli by polymerase chain reaction using primers based on small-subunit ribosomal rna sequences. | the aim of the present study was to use small-subunit (ssu)-rrna sequences of isospora belli to design specific primer pairs and a hybridization probe for the detection of isospora belli in human samples by pcr and southern blot hybridization. pcr amplification with the primer pairs produced correct dna fragments with target dna from samples of isospora belli-infected patients and from cloned ssu-rrna of isospora belli. the nature of the pcr products was confirmed by southern blot hybridization. ... | 2000 | 11014628 |
| identification of enteric pathogens in hiv-positive patients with diarrhoea in northern india. | enteric pathogens associated with chronic diarrhoea in hiv-positive patients were studied. the study was conducted during january 1995-december 1998. stool specimens from all diarrhoea patients (n = 26) were examined microscopically for ova and parasites using wet preparations and stained smears. stool samples from diarrhoea patients were also cultured on appropriate media to isolate enteric bacterial pathogens. of the 59 patients, 26 (44%) had prolonged diarrhoea for more than 4 weeks. enteric ... | 2000 | 11014766 |
| isospora belli infection and chronic electrolyte disturbance in a child with fetal alcohol syndrome. | we report an 11-year-old boy with fetal alcohol syndrome and immunodeficiency, whose longstanding malnutrition, diarrhoea with steatorrhoea, symptomatic electrolyte loss and eosinophilia were attributed to renal tubular disease and recurrent worm infestation. the symptoms resolved with diagnosis and treatment of infection by the protozoan isospora belli, although immunodeficiency persisted. | 2000 | 11130350 |
| infections by protozoa in immunocompromised hosts. | protozoa are among the most important pathogens that can cause infection in immunocompromised patients. they infect particularly individuals with impaired cell immunity, such as those with hematologic neoplasias, those submitted to transplant of solid organs, those under high-dose corticosteroid therapy, and carriers of the human immunodeficiency virus. among the protozoa that most commonly cause disease in immunocompromised individuals are toxoplasma gondii, trypanosoma cruzi, cryptosporidium p ... | 2000 | 11142706 |
| cyclospora infection in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | diarrhea is a common clinical manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. the important protozoan pathogens causing diarrhea include cryptosporidium, microsporidium, isospora belli and cyclospora besides giardia lamblia and entamoeba histolytica. | 2000 | 11273176 |
| pictorial cme. isospora belli and cyclospora cayetanensis in a case of chronic diarrhoea in an immunocompromised host. | | 2000 | 11280226 |
| myxobolus sp., another opportunistic parasite in immunosuppressed patients? | during a study of intestinal parasitic infections in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients, a parasite belonging to the phylum myxozoa, recently described from human samples, was identified in one sample. when this parasite was stained by the modified ziehl-neelsen staining method, the features of the spores were identified: they were pyriform in shape, had thick walls, and had one suture and two polar capsules, with each one having four or five coils. the suture and two polar capsules ... | 2001 | 11326017 |
| nocardiasis in patients with hiv infection. | the frequency of nocardia infection in hiv-infected patients has increased during the past few years from 0.3% in 1985 to 1.8% in 1989. although it is not of great concern as an aids-associated infection, the nonspecific clinical presentation in these patients might be confused with other lung infections such as tuberculosis (tb). the mortality rate can be as high as 60%. the authors diagnosed three homosexual men with nocardiasis among 1060 hiv-infected patients (0.2%) in a tertiary care center ... | 1998 | 11362038 |
| isosporosis and unizoite tissue cysts in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | isospora belli, a coccidian parasite in humans, has been described as causing chronic diarrhea and acalculous cholecystitis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). diagnosis can be made at the tissue level in the epithelium of the small bowel and by fecal examination. disseminated extraintestinal forms are uncommon. we studied 118 adult patients with aids and chronic diarrhea using stool analysis and endoscopy with duodenal biopsy specimen collection. these samples were p ... | 2001 | 11381368 |