| efficacy and nontarget effects of reduced-risk insecticides on aphis glycines (hemiptera: aphididae) and its biological control agent harmonia axyridis (coleoptera: coccinellidae). | the efficacy of three reduced-risk insecticides (pyrethrins, insecticidal soap, and narrow-range mineral oil) was determined for nymphs and adults of the soybean aphid, aphis glycines matsumura (hemiptera: aphididae), an exotic pest of north american soybean, glycine max (l.) merr. these insecticides also were evaluated for nontarget effects on one of the aphid's key biological control agents, multicolored asian lady beetle, harmonia axyridis (pallas) (coleoptera: coccinellidae), including first ... | 2008 | 18459403 |
| genome conservation among three legume genera detected with dna markers. | a set of 219 dna clones derived from mungbean (vigna radiata), cowpea (v. unguiculata), common bean (phaseolus vulgaris), and soybean (glycine max) were used to generate comparative linkage maps among mungbean, common bean, and soybean. the maps allowed an assessment of linkage conservation and collinearity among the three genomes. mungbean and common bean, both of the subtribe phaseolinae, exhibited a high degree of linkage conservation and preservation of marker order. most linkage groups of m ... | 1995 | 18470218 |
| quantification of seed oil from species with varying oil content using supercritical fluid extraction. | the quantity and composition of seed oil affects seed viability and storability and hence the value of a species as a resource for nutrition and plant conservation. supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide (sfe-co2) offers a rapid, environmentally friendly alternative to traditional solvent extraction. | 2008 | 18473329 |
| cytotoxicity of the isoflavone genistein in nih 3t3 cells. | genistein is one of the naturally occurring isoflavones present in plants such as soybeans and is commonly found in a variety of human foods. a number of studies indicated that this class of compounds exerts anticancerogenic and antimutagenic effects in various in vitro systems and in vivo animal models. we studied the effects of genistein on nih 3t3 cells in in vitro models. the isoflavone genistein has been identified as having antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on various malignant cell ... | 2008 | 18486500 |
| virus-induced gene silencing in medicago truncatula and lathyrus odorata. | virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) has become an important reverse genetics tool for functional genomics. vigs vectors based on pea early browning virus (pebv, genus tobravirus) and bean pod mottle virus (genus comovirus) are available for the legume species pisum sativum and glycine max, respectively. with the aim of extending the application of the pebv vigs vector to other legumes, we examined susceptibility of 99 accessions representing 24 legume species including 21 accessions of medicago ... | 2008 | 18495283 |
| composition of grain, forage, and processed fractions from second-generation glyphosate-tolerant soybean, mon 89788, is equivalent to that of conventional soybean (glycine max l.). | developments in biotechnology and molecular-assisted breeding have led to the development of a second-generation glyphosate-tolerant soybean product, mon 89788. the mon 89788 event was produced by direct transformation of a cp4 epsps (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase) gene cassette derived from agrobacterium sp. strain cp4 into an elite soybean germplasm known for its superior agronomic characteristics and high yielding property. the purpose of this work was to assess whether the nutr ... | 2008 | 18498166 |
| qtl analysis of cleistogamy in soybean. | early-maturing cultivars of soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] native to the shores of the sea of okhotsk (sakhalin and kuril islands) and eastern hokkaido (northern japan) have a strong tendency to produce cleistogamous flowers throughout their blooming period. a previous study revealed that cleistogamy is controlled by a minimum of two genes with epistatic interaction, one of which is associated with a maturity gene responsible for insensitivity to incandescent long daylength (ild). this study w ... | 2008 | 18506418 |
| soybean seed extracts preferentially express genomic loci of bradyrhizobium japonicum in the initial interaction with soybean, glycine max (l.) merr. | initial interaction between rhizobia and legumes actually starts via encounters of both partners in the rhizosphere. in this study, the global expression profiles of bradyrhizobium japonicum usda 110 in response to soybean (glycine max) seed extracts (sse) and genistein, a major soybean-released isoflavone for nod genes induction of b. japonicum, were compared. sse induced many genomic loci as compared with genistein (5.0 microm), nevertheless sse-supplemented medium contained 4.7 microm geniste ... | 2008 | 18511436 |
| allelic differentiation of kunitz trypsin inhibitor in wild soybean (glycine soja). | soybean kunitz trypsin inhibitor (skti) has several polymorphic types, which are controlled by co-dominant multiple alleles at a single locus. of these types, tia and tib are predominant types, and there are nine differences in amino acids between tia and tib. recently, an intermediate transitional type (tibi5) between them was detected. however, other transitional types have not been detected despite surveys of many cultivated and wild soybeans. one of the reasons why other transitional variant ... | 2008 | 18512041 |
| regulation and symbiotic significance of nodulation outer proteins secretion in sinorhizobium fredii hh103. | in this work we show that the sinorhizobium fredii hh103 ttsi gene is essential for the expression of the tts genes and secretion of nodulation outer proteins (nops). moreover, we demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, that the nod box preceding ttsi is necessary for nops secretion. ttsi is responsible for the transcriptional activation of nopx, nopa, rhcj and rhcq. we confirm that the s. fredii hh103 ttsi gene is activated by nodd1 and repressed by nolr. in contrast, nodd2 is not inv ... | 2008 | 18524937 |
| adaptation of soybean mosaic virus avirulent chimeras containing p3 sequences from virulent strains to rsv1-genotype soybeans is mediated by mutations in hc-pro. | in rsv1-genotype soybean, soybean mosaic virus (smv)-n (an avirulent isolate of strain g2) elicits extreme resistance (er) whereas strain smv-g7 provokes a lethal systemic hypersensitive response (lshr). smv-g7d, an experimentally evolved variant of smv-g7, induces systemic mosaic. thus, for rsv1-genotype soybean, smv-n is avirulent whereas smv-g7 and smv-g7d are both virulent. exploiting these differential interactions, we recently mapped the elicitor functions of smv provoking rsv1-mediated er ... | 2008 | 18533834 |
| soy allergy in perspective. | the purpose of this paper is to review and discuss studies on soy allergy. | 2008 | 18560305 |
| free amino acids in botanicals and botanical preparations. | numerous studies were carried out about aminoacidic composition of vegetable proteins, but information about the free amino acid pool and the role of these substances is very incomplete. the aim of this paper was to contribute to the scarce knowledge concerning the composition of free amino acids in botanicals and botanical preparations widely used as food, in dietary supplements, and in pharmaceutical products. this work studied the composition of free amino acids, identified the major componen ... | 2008 | 18576976 |
| genetic structure and diversity of cultivated soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.) landraces in china. | the chinese genebank contains 23,587 soybean landraces collected from 29 provinces. in this study, a representative collection of 1,863 landraces were assessed for genetic diversity and genetic differentiation in order to provide useful information for effective management and utilization. a total of 1,160 ssr alleles at 59 ssr loci were detected including 97 unique and 485 low-frequency alleles, which indicated great richness and uniqueness of genetic variation in this core collection. seven cl ... | 2008 | 18587557 |
| culture of photomixotrophic soybean and pine in a modified fermentor using a novel impeller. | photomixotrophic suspensions of glycine max (soybean) and pinus elliottii (slash pine) have been successfully cultured in a hybrid stirred tank photobioreactor using a novel cell-lift impeller. a cell-lift impeller exhibited cell viabilities over 90% and an average cell aggregate size of 1.0 mm or less. flat-bladed turbines produced equivalent biomass to the cell-lift impeller, but cell viability was reduced (85%) and cell aggregate size increased (3-5 mm diameter). maximum fresh weights of 82 g ... | 1989 | 18588217 |
| ion exchange and affinity chromatography in the scaleup of the purification of alpha-galactosidase from soybean seeds. | soybeans (glycine max) contain an alpha-galactosidase that makes up a small fraction of the total protein of the seed. the properties of this enzyme are of interest because of its potential to convert the galactooligosaccharides, stachyose and raffinose, in soybean meal to sugars digestible in the human gastro intestinal tract and thereby increase potential uses of this vegetable protein source in human and animal foods. study of this enzyme required the isolation of milligram quantities of elec ... | 1991 | 18597377 |
| identification of two major ammonia-releasing reactions involved in secondary natto fermentation. | natto is a traditional japanese food made from soybeans fermented by strains of bacillus subtilis natto. it gives off a strong ammonia smell during secondary fermentation, and the biochemical basis for this ammonia production was investigated in this study. when natto was fermented by strain r22, ammonia production was shown to involve degradation of soybean proteins releasing amino acids, and only the glutamate contained in the natto obviously decreased, while the other amino acids increased du ... | 2008 | 18603778 |
| enhanced soybean infection by the legume "super-virulent" agrobacterium tumefaciens strain kat23. | agrobacterium tumefaciens kat23 harbors a nopaline-type ti plasmid and is "super-virulent" to soybean (glycine max) and other leguminous plants. the right and left border sequences of the essential cis-element for t-dna transfer were removed in order to utilize the high infectivity of this strain in an agrobacterium-mediated soybean transformation system. the resulting strain, named soy2, showed no oncogenic activity. after inoculation with disarmed soy2 harboring binary vector pig121-hm and pca ... | 2008 | 18603788 |
| is preventative, concurrent management of the soybean aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) and bean leaf beetle (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) possible? | in iowa, the management of insect pests in soybean, glycine max (l.) merr., has been complicated by the arrival of the invasive species soybean aphid, aphis glycines matsumura (hemiptera: aphididae), and occasional outbreaks of bean leaf beetle, cerotoma trifurcata (förster) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae), populations leading to economic losses. several insecticide programs designed to reduce abundance of the overwintered and first generation c. trifurcata and the incidence of bean pod mottle virus ... | 2008 | 18613581 |
| rxlr-mediated entry of phytophthora sojae effector avr1b into soybean cells does not require pathogen-encoded machinery. | effector proteins secreted by oomycete and fungal pathogens have been inferred to enter host cells, where they interact with host resistance gene products. using the effector protein avr1b of phytophthora sojae, an oomycete pathogen of soybean (glycine max), we show that a pair of sequence motifs, rxlr and deer, plus surrounding sequences, are both necessary and sufficient to deliver the protein into plant cells. particle bombardment experiments demonstrate that these motifs function in the abse ... | 2008 | 18621946 |
| genetic linkage mapping of the soybean aphid resistance gene in pi 243540. | the soybean aphid (aphis glycines matsumura) is a pest of soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] in many soybean growing countries of the world, mainly in asia and north america. a single dominant gene in pi 243540 confers resistance to the soybean aphid. the objectives of this study were to identify simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers closely linked to the gene in pi 243540 and to position the gene on the consensus soybean genetic map. one hundred eighty-four f2 plants and their f2:3 families from a ... | 2008 | 18626623 |
| improved pcr primers for the detection and identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. | a set of pcr primers that should amplify all subgroups of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf, glomeromycota), but exclude sequences from other organisms, was designed to facilitate rapid detection and identification directly from field-grown plant roots. the small subunit rrna gene was targeted for the new primers (aml1 and aml2) because phylogenetic relationships among the glomeromycota are well understood for this gene. sequence comparisons indicate that the new primers should amplify all publi ... | 2008 | 18631176 |
| immunochemical characterization of glycine max l. merr. var raiden, as a possible hypoallergenic substitute for cow's milk-allergic patients. | cows' milk allergy (cma) is the most common cause of food allergy in infancy. the only proven treatment is the complete elimination of cows' milk proteins (cmps) from the diet by means of hypoallergenic formulas. soybean-based formulae are widely used although intolerance to soy has been reported to occur in 15-40% of infants with cma. | 2008 | 18631353 |
| expression of umbelopsis ramanniana dgat2a in seed increases oil in soybean. | oilseeds are the main source of lipids used in both food and biofuels. the growing demand for vegetable oil has focused research toward increasing the amount of this valuable component in oilseed crops. globally, soybean (glycine max) is one of the most important oilseed crops grown, contributing about 30% of the vegetable oil used for food, feed, and industrial applications. breeding efforts in soy have shown that multiple loci contribute to the final content of oil and protein stored in seeds. ... | 2008 | 18633120 |
| toxicological evaluation and bioavailability of (14)c-fenitrothion bound residues on soybeans towards experimental animals. | under local practice of egyptian conditions, the application of (14)c-fenitrothion on soybeans at a dose of 10mg insecticide/kg grains, led to the formation of 21% of (14)c-bound residues (non-extractable) after 24 weeks of storage. the external residues were 20% and the internal extracts were 55% of the applied dose. feeding studies on rats revealed that bound residues were bioavailable. after feeding rats for three days with bound (14)c-fenitrothion residues, the main portion of radioactivity ... | 2008 | 18639607 |
| soybeans as a phytochemical reservoir for the production and stabilization of biocompatible gold nanoparticles. | the present study demonstrates an unprecedented green process for the production of gold nanoparticles by simple treatment of gold salts with soybean extracts. reduction capabilities of antioxidant phytochemicals present in soybean and their ability to reduce gold salts chemically to nanoparticles with subsequent coating of proteins and a host of other phytochemicals present in soybean on the freshly generated gold nanoparticles are discussed. the new genre of green nanoparticles exhibit remarka ... | 2008 | 18642250 |
| plant phenolics affect oxidation of tryptophan. | the effect of berry phenolics such as anthocyanins, ellagitannins, and proanthocyanidins from raspberry (rubus idaeus), black currant (ribes nigrum), and cranberry (vaccinium oxycoccus) and byproducts of deoiling processes rich in phenolics such as rapeseed (brassica rapa l.), camelina (camelina sativa), and soy (glycine max l.) as well as scots pine bark (pinus sylvestris) was investigated in an h2o2-oxidized tryptophan (trp) solution. the oxidation of trp was analyzed with high-performance liq ... | 2008 | 18646765 |
| microbial community analysis of field-grown soybeans with different nodulation phenotypes. | microorganisms associated with the stems and roots of nonnodulated (nod(-)), wild-type nodulated (nod(+)), and hypernodulated (nod(++)) soybeans [glycine max (l.) merril] were analyzed by ribosomal intergenic transcribed spacer analysis (risa) and automated risa (arisa). risa of stem samples detected no bands specific to the nodulation phenotype, whereas risa of root samples revealed differential bands for the nodulation phenotypes. pseudomonas fluorescens was exclusively associated with nod(+) ... | 2008 | 18658280 |
| alternate hosts of african cassava mosaic virus and east african cassava mosaic cameroon virus in nigeria. | cassava mosaic disease (cmd) caused by african cassava mosaic virus (acmv) and east african cassava mosaic cameroon virus (eacmcv) is the major constraint to cassava production in nigeria. sequences of the dna-a component of acmv and eacmcv isolates from leguminous plant species (senna occidentalis, leucana leucocephala and glycine max), castor oil plant (ricinus communis), a weed host (combretum confertum) and a wild species of cassava (manihot glaziovii) were determined. all acmv isolates from ... | 2008 | 18661095 |
| genetic diversity of native bradyrhizobia isolated from soybeans (glycine max l.) in different agricultural-ecological-climatic regions of india. | fifty isolates from root nodules of soybean plants sampled in five agricultural-ecological-climatic regions of india were analyzed by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the 16s rrna gene, the intergenic spacer region between the 16s and 23s rrna genes (igs), and the nifh and nodc genes. eight haplotypes assigned to the bradyrhizobium genus were identified, and the genetic diversity was conserved across regions. sequence analyses of the igs and the dnak, glnii, reca, and nif ... | 2008 | 18676699 |
| evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of plant lipids containing alpha-linolenic acid. | two groups of fatty acids are essential to the body, the omega6 (n6) series derived from linoleic acid (18:2, n-6) and the omega3 (n3) series derived from alpha-linolenic acid (18:3, n-3). fatty acids provide energy, are an integral part of the cell membranes and are precursors of prostaglandins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes collectively known as eicosanoids. eicosanoids participate in development and synthesis of immunological and inflammatory responses. the fixed oils (1, 2, 3 ml/kg) containi ... | 2008 | 18697604 |
| effects of black soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] seed coats and its anthocyanidins on colonic inflammation and cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. | anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities of anthocyanidins and anthocyanin-rich black soybean seed coats were studied in ht-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells and carcinogen-treated f344 rats, respectively. cyanidin and delphinidin significantly inhibited cell growth at concentrations of >or=1 microm. anthocyanidins suppressed cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) mrnas in tpa-stimulated ht-29 cells. both yellow and black soybean seed coat supplementation ... | 2008 | 18710248 |
| mutation in the cobo gene generates auxotrophy for cobalamin and methionine and impairs the symbiotic properties of sinorhizobium fredii hh103 with soybean and other legumes. | we report here the isolation of a methionine and cobalamin mutant strain (svq336) of sinorhizobium fredii hh103 obtained by tn5-lacz mutagenesis. sequence analysis showed that the transposon was inserted into a gene homologous to cobo. this gene codes for a cobalamin adenosyltransferase which is involved in the biosynthesis of vitamin b12. another hh103 cobo mutant (strain svq524), was constructed by the insertion of omega interposon. both cobo mutants required the addition of methionine because ... | 2009 | 18719891 |
| proteomic analysis of soybean nodule cytosol. | an isolation procedure for soybean (glycine max l. cv williams 82) nodule cytosol proteins was developed which greatly improved protein resolution by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the most abundant proteins were selected and analyzed by mass spectrometry. the identified proteins were categorized by function (% of total proteins analyzed): carbon metabolism (28%), nitrogen metabolism (12%), reactive oxygen metabolism (12%) and vesicular trafficking (11%). the first three cat ... | 2008 | 18757068 |
| genistein induces cell apoptosis in mda-mb-231 breast cancer cells via the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. | genistein, an isoflavonoid present in soybeans, exhibits anti-carcinogenic effects. several studies have shown that genistein inhibits cell proliferation and triggers apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. in this study, we assessed the role of the mek-erk cascade in the regulation of genistein-mediated cell apoptosis in mda-mb-231 cells. the results indicate that genistein, in a concentration-dependent manner, suppresses the protein levels of mek5, total erk5, and phospho-erk5, effects that ar ... | 2008 | 18761399 |
| evaluation of management strategies for bean leaf beetles (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) and bean pod mottle virus (comoviridae) in soybean. | cerotoma trifurcata förster (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) and bean pod mottle virus (comoviridae) (bpmv) both can reduce yield and seed quality of soybean, glycine max (l.) merr. field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of systemic, seed-applied, and foliar-applied insecticides for the management of this pest complex at three locations in central, northeastern, and northwestern iowa during 2002-2004. seed-applied insecticide was evaluated according to a currently recommended manage ... | 2008 | 18767730 |
| evaluation of artificial diets for rearing aphis glycines (hemiptera: aphididae). | artificial aphid diets have been previously developed for the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum (harris), and the green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer). the ability to rear aphids on an artificial diet allows for selectively adding or subtracting compounds from an aphid's food source to determine the effect on fecundity and longevity. five diets previously developed for the green peach aphid and the pea aphid were tested for their suitability for rearing soybean aphid, aphis glycines matsumura ... | 2008 | 18767731 |
| within-plant distribution of soybean aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) and development of node-based sample units for estimating whole-plant densities in soybean. | the soybean aphid, aphis glycines matsumura (hemiptera: aphididae), is capable of reducing soybean, glycine max (l.) merr., yield up to 40% during severe outbreaks. frequent sampling, which can be costly and time-consuming, is essential to making informed management decisions. however, one way to decrease sampling effort is to use a reduced sample unit when possible. the objectives of this study were to describe the vertical distribution of soybean aphid within soybean over time and to define no ... | 2008 | 18767764 |
| rhizobium oryzae sp. nov., isolated from the wild rice oryza alta. | during a study of endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria present in the wild rice species oryza alta, eight novel isolates were obtained from surface-sterilized roots and classified in the genus rhizobium on the basis of almost-complete 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. these strains can nodulate phaseolus vulgaris and glycine max. the highly similar protein patterns, dna fingerprint patterns of insertion sequence-based pcr (is-pcr) and dna-dna hybridizations showed that these novel isolates were me ... | 2008 | 18768622 |
| anthocyanins from black soybean seed coats inhibit uvb-induced inflammatory cylooxygenase-2 gene expression and pge2 production through regulation of the nuclear factor-kappab and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/akt pathway. | ultraviolet (uv) radiation can cause inflammatory changes and may further contribute to skin carcinogenesis. anthocyanins are known to be powerful antioxidants that help protect plants from uv damage. recently, we isolated anthocyanins from black soybean [glycine max (l.) merr] seed coats. thus, we investigated the protective effect of anthocyanins from black soybean seed coats on uvb radiation-induced inflammatory responses and the molecular mechanism responsible for regulation of apoptosis and ... | 2008 | 18778065 |
| n-acetylglutamate and n-acetylaspartate in soybeans (glycine max l.), maize (zea mays l.), [corrected] and other foodstuffs. | n-acetylglutamate (nag) and n-acetylaspartate (naa) are amino acid derivatives with reported activities in a number of biological processes. however, there is no published information on the presence of either substance in foodstuffs. we developed a method for extracting and quantifying nag and naa from soybean seeds and maize grain using ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (uplc-esi-ms/ms). the lower limit of quantification for both nag and n ... | 2008 | 18781757 |
| investigation of downstream signals of the soybean autoregulation of nodulation receptor kinase gmnark. | the glycine max nodule autoregulation receptor kinase (gmnark) plays a central role in the systemic signal transduction pathway controlling nodulation in soybean. we used transcriptional profiling to identify potential downstream signals of this receptor kinase. these studies revealed that gmnark-mediated signaling controls the expression of genes involved in the jasmonic acid (ja) pathway. genes encoding the key enzymes controlling ja biosynthesis as well as ja-response genes were regulated sys ... | 2008 | 18785829 |
| [a 104-week feeding study of genetically modified soybeans in f344 rats]. | a chronic feeding study to evaluate the safety of genetically modified glyphosate-tolerant soybeans (gm soybeans) was conducted using f344 ducrj rats. the rats were fed diet containing gm soybeans or non-gm soybeans at the concentration of 30% in basal diet. non-gm soybeans were a closely related strain to the gm soybeans. these two diets were adjusted to an identical nutrient level. in this study, the influence of gm soybeans in rats was compared with that of the non-gm soybeans, and furthermor ... | 2008 | 18787312 |
| multilocus sequence analysis for assessment of the biogeography and evolutionary genetics of four bradyrhizobium species that nodulate soybeans on the asiatic continent. | a highly supported maximum-likelihood species phylogeny for the genus bradyrhizobium was inferred from a supermatrix obtained from the concatenation of partial atpd, reca, glnii, and rpob sequences corresponding to 33 reference strains and 76 bradyrhizobia isolated from the nodules of glycine max (soybean) trap plants inoculated with soil samples from myanmar, india, nepal, and vietnam. the power of the multigene approach using multiple strains per species was evaluated in terms of overall tree ... | 2008 | 18791003 |
| identification and molecular characterization of two naturally occurring soybean mosaic virus isolates that are closely related but differ in their ability to overcome rsv4 resistance. | a naturally occurring rsv4 resistance-breaking isolate (l-rb) and a closely related non-resistance-breaking isolate (l) of soybean mosaic virus (smv) were identified in soybean fields in london, ontario, canada. the viral genomes of l and l-rb were completely sequenced. each isolate has a 9585-nucleotide genome with a single open reading frame encoding a polyprotein of approximately 350 kda. l-rb and l have a very high sequence similarity (99.6%) at both the nucleotide and amino acid levels. phy ... | 2008 | 18793685 |
| voracity and prey preference of insidious flower bug (hemiptera: anthocoridae) for immature stages of soybean aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) and soybean thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae). | the generalist predator, orius insidiosus (say), is an important natural enemy of the soybean aphid, aphis glycines matsumura. soybean thrips, neohydatothrips variabilis (beach), serve as an important prey resource for o. insidiosus in soybeans, sustaining the predator's population before the arrival of the soybean aphid. although generalist predators can forage on a broad range of prey, they may show distinct preferences for particular prey, attacking prey at levels disproportionate to their re ... | 2008 | 18801262 |
| suppression of cotton bollworm in multiple crops in china in areas with bt toxin-containing cotton. | transgenic cotton that has been engineered to produce insecticidal toxins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) and so to resist the pest cotton bollworm (helicoverpa armigera) has been widely planted in asia. analysis of the population dynamics of h. armigera from 1992 to 2007 in china indicated that a marked decrease in regional outbreaks of this pest in multiple crops was associated with the planting of bt cotton. the study area included six provinces in northern china with an annual total of 3 mi ... | 2008 | 18801998 |
| safety assessment of sda soybean oil: results of a 28-day gavage study and a 90-day/one generation reproduction feeding study in rats. | long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (lc-pufas) in the diet reduce risk of cardiac mortality. fish oils are a dietary source of lc-pufas (epa, dha) but intake is low in western diets. adding beneficial amounts of lc-pufas to foods is limited by their instability and potential to impart off-flavors. stearidonic acid (sda), a precursor of epa in man, is more stable than epa/dha in food matrices. sda is present in fish oils (0.5-4%) and in nutraceuticals (echium, borage oil). genes for delta6, de ... | 2008 | 18804141 |
| purification and characterization of extracellular lipases from pseudomonas monteilii tku009 by the use of soybeans as the substrate. | a lipase-producing bacterium was isolated and identified as pseudomonas monteilii tku009. a lipase (f2) and lipase-like materials (f1) were purified from the culture supernatant of p. monteilii tku009 with soybean powder as the sole carbon/nitrogen source. the molecular mass of f1 and f2 was estimated to be 44 kda by sds-page and gel filtration. the optimum ph, optimum temperature, and ph and thermal stabilities of f2 were 7, 40 degrees c, 8-11, and 50 degrees c; and of f1 were 6, 40 degrees c, ... | 2009 | 18810517 |
| effect of mycorrhizae, thiobacillus and sulfur nutrition on the chemical composition of soybean [glycine max (l.)] merr. seed. | a field experiment carried out in a calcareous soil with a low available phosphorus to evaluate effectiveness of biofertilizers, mycorrhizae (glomus intraradices) and thiobacillus sp. inoculation individually or in combination on seed yield, oil, protein and some elements (p, fe, mn, zn) concentration in two soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] cultivars. the applied treatments were different fertilizers with 6 levels (including: np (control, 12 kg n ha(-1) as urea, 46 kg p2o5 ha(-1) as triple super ... | 2008 | 18814643 |
| identification of new up-regulated genes under drought stress in soybean nodules. | legumes/rhizobium biological n(2) fixation (bnf) is dramatically affected under abiotic stress such as drought, salt, cold and heavy metal stresses. nodule response to drought stress at the molecular level was analysed using soybean (glycine max) and bradyrhizobium japonicum as a model, since this symbiotic partnership is extremely sensitive to this stress. to gain insight into molecular mechanisms involved in drought-induced bnf inhibition, we have constructed a ssh (suppression subtractive hyb ... | 2008 | 18817859 |
| affinity purification of trypsin inhibitor with anti-aspergillus flavus activity from cultivated and wild soybean. | trypsin inhibitors (ti) from wild-type soybean (glycine soya) (wbti) and domesticated soybean (glycine max) (sbti) were purified using prepared chitosan resin-trypsin as filler on the affinity chromatography column. the sbti/wbti purification fold by affinity chromatography was 718- and 279-fold, with the activity recovery of 62% and 59%, respectively. it was found that sbti and wbti exerted a strong inhibition of aspergillus. flavus growth, with ic(50) of 1.6 and 1.0 micromol/l. this growth inh ... | 2009 | 18830687 |
| in silico comparison of transcript abundances during arabidopsis thaliana and glycine max resistance to fusarium virguliforme. | sudden death syndrome (sds) of soybean (glycine max l. merr.) is an economically important disease, caused by the semi-biotrophic fungus fusarium solani f. sp. glycines, recently renamed fusarium virguliforme (fv). due to the complexity and length of the soybean-fusarium interaction, the molecular mechanisms underlying plant resistance and susceptibility to the pathogen are not fully understood. f. virguliforme has a very wide host range for the ability to cause root rot and a very narrow host r ... | 2008 | 18831797 |
| phylogeny, gene structures, and expression patterns of the erf gene family in soybean (glycine max l.). | members of the erf transcription factor family play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. in soybean (glycine max l.), however, only a few erf genes have been studied so far. in this study, 98 unigenes that contained a complete ap2/erf domain were identified from 63,676 unique sequences in the dfci soybean gene index database. the phylogeny, gene structures, and putative conserved motifs in soybean erf proteins were analysed, and compared with ... | 2008 | 18832187 |
| ruminal phosphorus disappearance from corn and soybean feedstuffs. | byproducts of corn and soybeans have high phosphorus (p) content, but little is known about their p disappearance in the rumen of lactating dairy cows. in situ disappearance of p from corn and soybean feed-stuffs was determined in 2 experiments. in the first experiment, 3 ruminally cannulated lactating dairy cows were used to estimate in situ p disappearance of 9 feed ingredients that included 3 sources of dried distillers grains with solubles (ddg; dga, dgb, dgc), corn, corn germ, solvent-extra ... | 2008 | 18832218 |
| the molecular basis of genistein-induced mitotic arrest and exit of self-renewal in embryonal carcinoma and primary cancer cell lines. | genistein is an isoflavonoid present in soybeans that exhibits anti-carcinogenic properties. the issue of genistein as a potential anti-cancer drug has been addressed in some papers, but comprehensive genomic analysis to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect elicited by genistein on cancer cells have not been performed on primary cancer cells, but rather on transformed cell lines. in the present study, we treated primary glioblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma ... | 2008 | 18847459 |
| biological value of soya-bean milk proteins by regeneration of liver protein in the rat. | | 1947 | 18896639 |
| comparison of amino acid digestibility determined prececally or based on total excretion of cecectomized laying hens. | this study investigated the possibility of using cecectomized laying hens for the determination of amino acid (aa) digestibility of protein sources as an alternative to measurements made at the terminal ileum. toasted soybeans and corn gluten meal were used as test protein sources. a low-protein basal diet was based mainly on corn, wheat gluten, and cornstarch. in 4 other diets toasted soybeans or corn gluten meal were included each at 15% or 30% at the expense of cornstarch, so that the changes ... | 2008 | 18931182 |
| genetic analysis of soybean plant introductions with resistance to phytophthora sojae. | abstract phytophthora sojae, which causes phytophthora root and stem rot of soybean, is a serious disease worldwide and is managed primarily by deploying cultivars with resistance. thirty-two soybean plant introductions (pis), all but three of which were from south korea, were proposed as new sources of single-gene resistance to p. sojae. the objective of this study was to characterize the inheritance of resistance to p. sojae in these pis. twenty-two soybean populations from crosses of these pi ... | 2007 | 18942943 |
| temporal and spatial spread of soybean mosaic virus (smv) in soybeans transformed with the coat protein gene of smv. | abstract soybean lines transformed with the coat protein (cp) gene of soybean mosaic virus (smv) were evaluated for smv resistance by quantifying the temporal and spatial spread of smv strain al-5 released from a point source in the field. the temporal spread of smv within field plots during 1999 and 2000 was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. the gompertz model most appropriately described temporal spread. two smv cp transformed lines (genotypes) had significantly lower infection ... | 2002 | 18943021 |
| soybean root suberin and partial resistance to root rot caused by phytophthora sojae. | phytophthora sojae is the causal agent of root and stem rot of soybean (glycine max). various cultivars with partial resistance to the pathogen have been developed to mitigate this damage. herein, two contrasting genotypes, the cultivar conrad (with strong partial resistance) and the line ox760-6 (with weak partial resistance), were compared regarding their amounts of preformed and induced suberin components, and to early events during the p. sojae infection process. to colonize the root, hyphae ... | 2008 | 18943406 |
| quantitative aspects of the spread of asian soybean rust in the southeastern united states, 2005 to 2006. | abstract the regional dynamics of soybean rust, caused by phakopsora pachyrhizi, in six southeastern states (florida, georgia, alabama, south carolina, north carolina, and virginia) in 2005 and 2006 were analyzed based on disease records collected as part of u.s. department of agriculture's soybean rust surveillance and monitoring program. the season-long rate of temporal disease progress averaged approximately 0.5 new cases day(1) and was higher in nonsentinel soybean (glycine max) plots than i ... | 2007 | 18943512 |
| characterization of components of partial resistance, rps2, and root resistance to phytophthora sojae in soybean. | abstract phytophthora root and stem rot of soybeans caused by phytophthora sojae is a serious limitation to soybean production in the united states. partial resistance to p. sojae in soybeans is effective against all the races of the pathogen and is a form of incomplete resistance in which the level of colonization of the root is reduced following inoculation. other forms of incomplete resistance include the single dominant gene rps2 and ripley's root resistance, which are both race-specific. to ... | 2007 | 18943586 |
| the role of ethylene production in virulence of pseudomonas syringae pvs. glycinea and phaseolicola. | abstract the importance of ethylene production for virulence of pseudomonas syringae pvs. glycinea and phaseolicola was assayed by comparing bacterial multiplication and symptom development in bean and soybean plants inoculated with ethylene-negative (efe) mutants and wild-type strains. the efe mutants of pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea were significantly reduced in their ability to grow in planta. however, the degree of reduction was strain-dependent. population sizes of efe mutant 16/83-e1 t ... | 2001 | 18943596 |
| soybean mosaic virus helper component-protease alters leaf morphology and reduces seed production in transgenic soybean plants. | abstract transgenic soybean (glycine max) plants expressing soybean mosaic virus (smv) helper component-protease (hc-pro) showed altered vegetative and reproductive phenotypes and responses to smv infection. when inoculated with smv, transgenic plants expressing the lowest level of hc-pro mrna and those transformed with the vector alone initially showed mild smv symptoms. plants that accumulated the highest level of smv hc-pro mrna showed very severe smv symptoms initially, but after 2 weeks sym ... | 2007 | 18943658 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of phytophthora sojae in soil and infected soybeans by species-specific polymerase chain reaction assays. | abstract root and stem rot caused by phytophthora sojae is one of the most destructive diseases of soybean (glycine max) worldwide. p. sojae can survive as oospores in soil for many years. in order to develop a rapid and accurate method for the specific detection of p. sojae in soil, the internal transcribed spacer (its) regions of eight p. sojae isolates were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with the universal primers dc6 and its4. the sequences of pcr products were aligned with ... | 2006 | 18943663 |
| interactions between the soybean cyst nematode and fusarium solani f. sp. glycines based on greenhouse factorial experiments. | abstract the soybean cyst nematode, heterodera glycines, and the fungus that causes sudden death syndrome (sds) of soybean, fusarium solani f. sp. glycines, frequently co-infest soybean (glycine max) fields. the interactions between h. glycines and f. solani f. sp. glycines were investigated in factorial greenhouse experiments with different inoculum levels of both organisms on a soybean cultivar susceptible to both pathogens. measured responses included root and shoot dry weights, h. glycines r ... | 2006 | 18943675 |
| pathogenesis of alfalfa mosaic virus in soybean (glycine max) and expression of chimeric rabies peptide in virus-infected soybean plants-a reexamination. | | 2002 | 18943878 |
| a pectate lyase homolog, xagp, in xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines is associated with hypersensitive response induction on tobacco. | abstract xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines is the causal agent of bacterial pustule disease of soybeans. a transposon insertional mutant (ku-p-m670) of x. axonopodis pv. glycines derived from wild-type strain ku-p-34017 lost the ability to induce the hypersensitive response (hr) on tobacco and pepper but retained its hr induction capacity on cucumber, sesame, and tomato. the mutation also resulted in loss of ability to cause a potato soft rot and express pectolytic activity at ph 6.5. an appro ... | 2006 | 18943960 |
| pathogenesis of alfalfa mosaic virus in soybean (glycine max) and expression of chimeric rabies peptide in virus-infected soybean plants. | abstract infection of soybean (glycine max) plants inoculated with particles of alfalfa mosaic virus (almv) isolate 425 at 12 days after germination was monitored throughout the life cycle of the plant (vegetative growth, flowering, seed formation, and seed maturation) by western blot analysis of tissue samples. at 8 to 10 days after inoculation, the upper uninoculated leaves showed symptoms of virus infection and accumulation of viral coat protein (cp). virus cp was detectable in leaves, stem, ... | 2001 | 18944120 |
| resistance to bean pod mottle virus in transgenic soybean lines expressing the capsid polyprotein. | abstract transgenic fertile soybean plants were generated from somatic embryos of soybean (glycine max) cv. jack transformed via particle bombardment with the capsid polyprotein (pcp) gene of bean pod mottle virus(bpmv). the plant transformation vector (phig/bpmv-pcp) utilized in these experiments contained the bpmv-pcp coding sequence, an intron-containing gus gene, and the hygromycin phosphotransferase gene. southern blot hybridization analysis showed that 19 transgenic soybean plants selected ... | 2001 | 18944228 |
| environmental sensitivity of soybean cultivar response to sclerotinia sclerotiorum. | abstract the sporadic occurrence of sclerotinia stem rot in soybeans often is attributed to the sensitivity of sclerotinia sclerotiorum to environmental factors. environmental sensitivity in soybean response to the pathogen also could contribute to the unpredictable nature of this disease. we used stability analysis to determine whether soybean cultivar response to s. sclerotiorum was sensitive to light and temperature. five greenhouse experiments examined the response of seven cultivars to limi ... | 1999 | 18944672 |
| subchronic feeding study of high oleic acid soybeans (event dp-3ø5423-1) in sprague-dawley rats. | dp-3ø5423-1 (305423) is a genetically-modified (gm) soybean that was produced by biolistic insertion of a gm-fad2-1 gene fragment and the gm-hra gene into the germline of soybean seeds. the gm-fad2-1 gene fragment cosuppresses expression of the endogenous fad2-1 gene encoding the seed-specific omega-6 fatty acid desaturase resulting in higher concentrations of oleic acid (18:1) relative to linoleic acid (18:2). the gm-hra gene encoding a modified acetolactate synthase (als) enzyme was used as a ... | 2008 | 18952136 |
| soybeans ameliolate diabetic nephropathy in rats. | diabetic nephropathy is one of the most frequent and serious complications of diabetes mellitus. soybeans have been shown to reduce urinary albumin excretion and total cholesterol in non-diabetic patients with nephrotic syndrome. however, reports focusing specifically on diabetic nephropathy are scarce and the available results are inconsistent. it was reported that soybean consumption reduced urinary protein excretion in type 1 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy, whereas it was found t ... | 2010 | 18955330 |
| protective effect of anthocyanins from black soybean seed coats on uvb-induced apoptotic cell death in vitro and in vivo. | uvb radiation proves to be one of the most relevant environmental risks because of its hazardous effects, such as premature skin aging and especially skin photocarcinogenesis. anthocyanins, water-soluble pigments present in plants, are known to be powerful antioxidants that help protect plants from uv damage. in this study, we aimed at investigating the protective effect of anthocyanins from black soybean [glycine max (l.) merr] seed coats on uvb-induced apoptosis, and furthermore, we investigat ... | 2008 | 18959412 |
| molecular mapping of soybean aphid resistance genes in pi 567541b. | the soybean aphid (aphis glycines matsumura) is an important pest of soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] in north america since it was first reported in 2000. pi 567541b is a newly discovered aphid resistance germplasm with early maturity characteristics. the objectives of this study were to map and validate the aphid resistance genes in pi 567541b using molecular markers. a mapping population of 228 f3 derived lines was investigated for the aphid resistance in both field and greenhouse trials. two ... | 2009 | 18982306 |
| cold-induced modulation and functional analyses of the dre-binding transcription factor gene, gmdreb3, in soybean (glycine max l.). | dreb (dehydration-responsive element-binding protein) transcription factors have important roles in the stress-related regulation network in plants. a dreb orthologue, gmdreb3, belonging to the a-5 subgroup of the dreb subfamily, was isolated from soybean using the race (rapid amplification of cdna ends) method. northern blot analysis showed that expression of gmdreb3 in soybean seedlings was induced following cold stress treatment for 0.5 h and was not detected after 3 h. however, it was not in ... | 2009 | 18988621 |
| soybean (glycine max) allergy in europe: gly m 5 (beta-conglycinin) and gly m 6 (glycinin) are potential diagnostic markers for severe allergic reactions to soy. | soybean is considered an important allergenic food, but published data on soybean allergens are controversial. | 2009 | 18996574 |
| effects of sodium chloride and fat supplementation on finishing steers exposed to hot and cold conditions. | three studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of supplemental fat and salt (sodium chloride) on dmi, daily water intake (dwi), body temperature, and respiration rate (rr) in bos taurus beef cattle. in exp. 1 and 2, whole soybeans (sb) were used as the supplemental fat source. in exp. 3, palm kernel meal and tallow were used. experiment 1 (winter) and exp. 2 (summer) were undertaken in an outside feedlot. experiment 3 was conducted in a climate-controlled facility (mean ambient temperature ... | 2009 | 18997076 |
| crystallographic and functional characterization of the fluorodifen-inducible glutathione transferase from glycine max reveals an active site topography suited for diphenylether herbicides and a novel l-site. | glutathione transferases (gsts) from the tau class (gstu) are unique to plants and have important roles in stress tolerance and the detoxification of herbicides in crops and weeds. a fluorodifen-induced gst isoezyme (gmgstu4-4) belonging to the tau class was purified from glycine max by affinity chromatography. this isoenzyme was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli, and its structural and catalytic properties were investigated. the structure of gmgstu4-4 was determined at 1.75 a resolution ... | 2009 | 19014949 |
| sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of lupine residues in foods. | lupine has been increasingly used in food applications due to its high nutritional value and excellent functional properties. however, lupine provokes allergic reactions in susceptible individuals. the presence of undeclared lupine residues in foods can pose a serious health risk to lupine-allergic individuals. therefore, the objective of this research was to develop a sandwich-type elisa for the detection of lupine residues in foods. lupine flour derived from lupinus albus was used to immunize ... | 2008 | 19019135 |
| gs52 ecto-apyrase plays a critical role during soybean nodulation. | apyrases are non-energy-coupled nucleotide phosphohydrolases that hydrolyze nucleoside triphosphates and nucleoside diphosphates to nucleoside monophosphates and orthophosphates. gs52, a soybean (glycine soja) ecto-apyrase, was previously shown to be induced very early in response to inoculation with the symbiotic bacterium bradyrhizobium japonicum. overexpression of the gs52 ecto-apyrase in lotus japonicus increased the level of rhizobial infection and enhanced nodulation. these data suggest a ... | 2009 | 19036836 |
| comparison of broiler performance when fed diets containing event dp-3o5423-1, nontransgenic near-isoline control, or commercial reference soybean meal, hulls, and oil. | dp-3ø5423-1 (305423) is a genetically modified soybean that was produced by biolistic insertion of the gm-fad2-1 gene fragment and gm-hra genes into the germline of soybean seeds. expression of gm-fad2-1 results in greater concentrations of oleic acid (18:1) by suppressing expression of the endogenous fad2-1 gene, which encodes an n-6 fatty acid desaturase enzyme that catalyzes desaturation of 18:1 to linoleic acid (18:2). the gm-hra protein expressed by the gm-hra gene is a modified version of ... | 2008 | 19038811 |
| apparent ileal digestibility of energy, nitrogen, and amino acids of soybean meals of different origin in broilers. | the coefficient of apparent ileal digestibility (caid) of dm, gross energy (ge), n, and amino acids (aa) of 6 soybean meal (sbm) samples were compared in 21-d-old broilers. in addition, the digestibility of dm and n of diets that contained these sbm were tested in vitro. four of the sbm were of south american origin, had a cp content varying from 45.2 to 47.2% and a trypsin inhibitor activity (tia) varying from 4.1 to 6.5 mg/g, and were collected from local traders. the other 2 sbm were from us ... | 2008 | 19038818 |
| oilseed lipid supplements and fatty acid composition of cow milk: a meta-analysis. | numerous experiments have studied the use of oilseed supplements in cow diets to alter milk fatty acid (fa) composition, but no quantitative synthesis of these studies is currently available. this article reports a meta-analysis of the response of cow milk fa composition to oilseed lipid supplements from linseed, rapeseed, soybeans, and sunflower seed. first, from a database of 145 oilseed supplementation experiments, we collected the mean fa percentages observed with unsupplemented diets and di ... | 2008 | 19038946 |
| taxonomical re-evaluation of phoma-like soybean pathogenic fungi. | coelomycetous fungi classified in ascochyta, phoma, and phyllosticta have been recorded from spots on leaves and pods of soybeans. based on the genealogical concordance phylogenetic species concept, the authors suggest the re-evaluation of the taxonomic status of phoma sojicola (syn.=ascochyta sojicola) and phyllosticta sojicola. in spite of the former delimitation of phoma sojicola based on small differences in morphological features, it has proved to be identical to phoma pinodella. similarly, ... | 2009 | 19049869 |
| a putative autonomous 20.5 kb-cacta transposon insertion in an f3'h allele identifies a new cacta transposon subfamily in glycine max. | the molecular organization of very few genetically defined cacta transposon systems have been characterized thoroughly as those of spm/en in maize, tam1 of antirrhinum majus candystripe1 (cs1) from sorghum bicolor and cac1 from arabidopsis thaliana, for example. to date, only defective deletion derivatives of cacta elements have been described for soybean, an economically important plant species whose genome sequence will be completed in 2008. | 2008 | 19055742 |
| residual effects of applied chemical fertilisers on growth and seed yields of sunflower (helianthus annuus cv. high sun 33) after the harvests of initial main crops of maize (zea mays l.), soybean (glycine max l.) and sunflower (helianthus annuus). | the experiments consisted of two locations, i.e., the first one was carried out on a growers's upland area at saraburi province, central plane region of thailand with the use of chatturat soil series (typic haplustalfs, fine, mixed) and the second experiment was carried out at suranaree technology university experimental farm, suranaree technology university northeast thailand with the use of korat soil series (oxic paleustults). the experiments aimed to investigate the effect of residual effect ... | 2007 | 19069898 |
| effects of crop residues of sunflower (helianthus annuus), maize (zea mays l.) and soybean (glycine max) on growth and seed yields of sunflower. | this pot experiment was carried out at suranaree technology university experimental farm, northeast thailand to investigate effects of crop residues of sunflower, maize and soybean on total dry weight, top dry weight, plant height, root dry weight and seed yield of sunflower plants with the use of korat soil series (oxic paleustults) during the rainy season (july-october) of the 2001. the experiment was laid in a split plot arranged in a completely randomized design (crd) with four replications ... | 2007 | 19069929 |
| proteomic identification and characterization of a novel peroxisomal adenine nucleotide transporter supplying atp for fatty acid beta-oxidation in soybean and arabidopsis. | we have identified the novel protein glycine max peroxisomal adenine nucleotide carrier (gm pnc1) by proteomic analyses of peroxisomal membrane proteins using a blue native/sds-page technique combined with peptide mass fingerprinting. gm pnc1, and the arabidopsis thaliana orthologs at pnc1 and at pnc2, were targeted to peroxisomes. functional integration of gm pnc1 and at pnc2 into the cytoplasmic membranes of intact escherichia coli cells revealed atp and adp import activities. the amount of gm ... | 2008 | 19073762 |
| roundup ready soybean gene concentrations in field soil aggregate size classes. | roundup ready (rr) soybeans containing recombinant agrobacterium spp. cp4 5-enol-pyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (cp4 epsps) genes tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate are extensively grown worldwide. the concentration of recombinant dna from rr soybeans in soil aggregates was studied due to the possibility of genetic transformation of soil bacteria. this study used real-time pcr to examine the concentration of cp4 epsps in four field soil aggregate size classes (>2000 microm, 2000-500 mi ... | 2009 | 19076230 |
| isoflavone daidzein possesses no antioxidant activities in cell-free assays but induces the antioxidant enzyme catalase. | epidemiologic studies have shown that dietary intake of isoflavonones is associated with several properties beneficial to human health. it has been suggested that at least some of these effects are related to the antioxidant activity of isoflavonoids. we analyzed the antioxidant activity of the major isoflavones found in soybeans, but none of these compounds showed prominent antioxidant effects in cell-free assay systems (trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydr ... | 2008 | 19083468 |
| effects of phyto-oestrogens on tissues. | recent investigations on the effects of phyto-oestrogens on various tissues have revealed that these diverse molecules may improve human health, particularly by protecting against certain chronic diseases. after a brief examination of the food sources, structures, and general cellular actions of the major phyto-oestrogens, current research findings on cardiovascular disease, skeletal tissues, and reproductive cancers are reviewed. phyto-oestrogen concentrations in blood may be maintained at high ... | 1999 | 19087447 |
| purification of melibiose-binding lectins from two cultivars of chinese black soybeans. | a dimeric 50 kda melibiose-binding lectin was isolated from the seeds of the cultivar of soybean (glycine max), called the small glossy black soybean. the isolation procedure comprised ion exchange chromatography on q sepharose, sp sepharose and mono q followed by gel filtration on superdex 75. the lectin was adsorbed on all three ion exchangers, and it exhibited an n-terminal sequence identical to that of soybean lectin. of all the sugars tested, melibiose most potently inhibited the hemaggluti ... | 2008 | 19089301 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a cdna for pterocarpan 4-dimethylallyltransferase catalyzing the key prenylation step in the biosynthesis of glyceollin, a soybean phytoalexin. | glyceollins are soybean (glycine max) phytoalexins possessing pterocarpanoid skeletons with cyclic ether decoration originating from a c5 prenyl moiety. enzymes involved in glyceollin biosynthesis have been thoroughly characterized during the early era of modern plant biochemistry, and many genes encoding enzymes of isoflavonoid biosynthesis have been cloned, but some genes for later biosynthetic steps are still unidentified. in particular, the prenyltransferase responsible for the addition of t ... | 2009 | 19091879 |
| mathematical modeling of the development of antioxidant activity in soybeans fermented with aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus awamori in the solid state. | the kinetics of the development fungal growth, beta-glucosidase activity, total phenolics, and dpph scavenging in soybeans fermented with aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus awamori were studied over an 8-day incubation period. modified logistic equations were then used to describe the experimental fermentation profiles. in all cases the models were consistent and the parametric estimations were statistically significant. the predicted values have high coefficients of linear correlation with the ... | 2009 | 19099459 |
| natto and viscous vegetables in a japanese style meal suppress postprandial glucose and insulin responses. | naturally viscous vegetables and natto, made by fermenting soybeans, are very palatable and considered to be healthy foods in japan. the objective was to assess whether the consumption of natto and viscous vegetables as part of a traditional japanese breakfast based on high-glycemic index white rice affects glycemic, insulinemic, lipidemic and satiety responses in healthy subjects. eleven healthy subjects consumed the reference, control and test meals in a randomized cross-over design. the test ... | 2008 | 19114406 |
| impact of epistasis and qtl x environment interaction on the accumulation of seed mass of soybean (glycine max l. merr.). | the accumulation of seed mass in soybean is affected by both genotype and environment. the aim of the present study was to measure additive, epistatic and quantitative trait locus (qtl) x environment (qe) interaction effects of qtls on the development of 100-seed weight in a population of 143 f5 derived recombinant inbred lines (rils) developed from the cross between the soybean cultivars 'charleston' and 'dong nong 594'. broad-sense heritability of 100-seed weight from 30 days (30d) to 80d stag ... | 2008 | 19123966 |
| all three subunits of soybean beta-conglycinin are potential food allergens. | soybeans are recognized as one of the "big 8" food allergens. ige antibodies from soybean-sensitive patients recognize more than 15 soybean proteins. among these proteins only the alpha-subunit of beta-conglycinin, but not the highly homologous alpha'- and beta-subunits, has been shown to be a major allergenic protein. the objective of this study was to examine if the alpha'- and beta-subunits of beta-conglycinin can also serve as potential allergens. immunoblot analysis using sera collected fro ... | 2009 | 19138084 |
| runoff phosphorus loss immediately after poultry manure application as influenced by the application rate and tillage. | excessive or n-based application of poultry manure for crops may result in significant risk of p loss with surface runoff. this study assessed p loss immediately after poultry manure application to soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] residue with and without tillage at eight iowa fields. manure from chickens (gallus gallus domesticus) or turkeys (melleagris gollopavo) was applied at intended rates of 0, 84, or 168 kg total n ha(-1) (total p was 0, 21-63, 50-123 kg p ha(-1), respectively) with three ... | 2009 | 19141820 |