| comparison of real-time pcr quantification methods in the identification of poultry species in meat products. | poultry meat is consumed worldwide and is prone to food fraud because of large price differences among meat from different poultry species. precise and sensitive analytical methods are necessary to control poultry meat products. we chose species-specific sequences of the cytochrome b gene to develop two multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time pcr) systems: one for chicken (gallus gallus), guinea fowl (numida meleagris), and pheasant (phasianus colchicus), and one for quail (cotu ... | 2020 | 32756511 |
| tuning of feedforward control enables stable muscle force-length dynamics after loss of autogenic proprioceptive feedback. | animals must integrate feedforward, feedback and intrinsic mechanical control mechanisms to maintain stable locomotion. recent studies of guinea fowl (numida meleagris) revealed that the distal leg muscles rapidly modulate force and work output to minimize perturbations in uneven terrain. here we probe the role of reflexes in the rapid perturbation responses of muscle by studying the effects of proprioceptive loss. we induced bilateral loss of autogenic proprioception in the lateral gastrocnemiu ... | 2020 | 32573432 |
| effects of dietary supplementation with vitamin e, selenium yeast or both on egg incubation response, embryonic development, keet quality, and posthatch growth of helmeted guinea fowl breeders. | this study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with vitamin e (vit. e), selenium yeast (se yeast), or both on egg incubation response, embryonic development, keet quality, and posthatch growth of helmeted guinea fowls. two hundred and forty 24-week old helmeted guinea fowl hens (average weight 1.75 + 0.22 kg) and cocks (average weight 2.15 + 0.20 kg) were assigned into 24 pens; each pen housed 10 hens and 2 cocks. there were four dietary treatments consisting of a basal diet (con ... | 2020 | 32474755 |
| effect of hevea brasiliensis seed meal or euphorbia heterophylla seed supplemented diets on performance, physicochemical and sensory properties of eggs, and egg yolk fatty acid profile in guinea fowl (numida meleagris). | a total of 144 french selected breed (galor) female guinea fowl (gf) of 42 wk of age were enrolled for a feeding trial of 15, 30, and 45 d duration. the birds were randomly assigned to 18 cages, each containing 8 birds. a total of 3 isonitrogenous and isocaloric dietary treatments were trialed, each diet comprising 6 replications (cages), which meant a total of 48 birds per diet. the gf were fed either a control diet c (commercial diet "faci ponte 20", sipra, ivory coast, usually used for all po ... | 2020 | 32416819 |
| sex and ontogenetic variation in the crest of numida meleagris: implications for crested vertebrates. | crested vertebrates are known from a wide variety of modern and fossil taxa, however, the actual formation and function of the crest is still debatable. among modern birds, the globally distributed guinea fowl (numida meleagris) is characterized by having a cranial bony crest (overlain by keratin), but surprisingly little is known about its development. here, we studied the crest of 202 wild guinea fowl from the same population, using anatomical measurements as well as 2d-morphometry. our result ... | 2020 | 31702115 |
| effect of hevea brasiliensis seed meal or euphorbia heterophylla seed supplemented diets on performance, physicochemical and sensory properties of eggs, and egg yolk fatty acid profile in guinea fowl (numida meleagris). | a total of 144 french selected breed (galor) female guinea fowl (gf) of 42 wk of age were enrolled for a feeding trial of 15, 30, and 45 d duration. the birds were randomly assigned to 18 cages, each containing 8 birds. a total of 3 isonitrogenous and isocaloric dietary treatments were trialed, each diet comprising 6 replications (cages), which meant a total of 48 birds per diet. the gf were fed either a control diet c (commercial diet "faci ponte 20", sipra, ivory coast, usually used for all po ... | 2019 | 31504893 |
| guinea fowl eggshell quantitative proteomics yield new findings related to its unique structural characteristics and superior mechanical properties. | the guinea fowl eggshell is a bioceramic material with the remarkable mechanical property of being twice as strong as the chicken eggshell. both eggshells are composed of 95% calcite and 3.5% organic matrix, which control its structural organization. chicken eggshell is made of columnar calcite crystals arranged vertically. in the guinea fowl, the same structure is observed in its inner half, followed by a dramatic change in crystal size and orientation in the outer region. guinea fowl eggshell ... | 2019 | 31493547 |
| performance of guinea fowl fed hevea seed meal or cashew nut meal as a partial substitute for soya bean meal. | guinea fowl production is increasing in developing countries and has a crucial role in the fight against poverty. however, the feed cost is very high, especially the soya bean meal cost, and farmers cannot afford to buy commercial feed. consequently, animals do not receive feed adapted to their nutritional needs and they exhibit poor performance. the aim of this paper is to partially substitute soya bean meal by local by-products, discarded, in abundant supply and not used in human nutrition. fr ... | 2020 | 31414652 |
| a guinea fowl genome assembly provides new evidence on evolution following domestication and selection in galliformes. | the helmeted guinea fowl numida meleagris belongs to the order galliformes. its natural range includes a large part of sub-saharan africa, from senegal to eritrea and from chad to south africa. archaeozoological and artistic evidence suggest domestication of this species may have occurred about 2,000 years bp in mali and sudan primarily as a food resource, although villagers also benefit from its capacity to give loud alarm calls in case of danger, of its ability to consume parasites such as tic ... | 2019 | 30945415 |
| efficient bayesian analysis of occupancy models with logit link functions. | occupancy models (ecology, 2002; 83: 2248) were developed to infer the probability that a species under investigation occupies a site. bayesian analysis of these models can be undertaken using statistical packages such as winbugs, openbugs, jags, and more recently stan, however, since these packages were not developed specifically to fit occupancy models, one often experiences long run times when undertaking an analysis. bayesian spatial single-season occupancy models can also be fit using the r ... | 2019 | 30766666 |
| outbreak of toxoplasmosis in a flock of domestic chickens (gallus gallus domesticus) and guinea fowl (numida meleagris). | toxoplasmosis is a disease with a worldwide distribution that affects a wide variety of animal species, though with rare descriptions in chickens. we describe the clinical, epidemiological, pathological, and molecular aspects of a toxoplasmosis outbreak in domestic chickens and guinea fowl in southern brazil. the flock was composed of 47 domestic chickens and 29 guinea fowl. of these, 22 birds showed clinical signs of lethargy, anorexia, and neurological signs over a clinical course of 24-72 h, ... | 2019 | 30725180 |
| mitochondrial dna d-loop diversity of the helmeted guinea fowls in kenya and its implications on hsp70 gene functional polymorphism. | we analyzed variations in 90 mitochondrial dna (mtdna) d-loop and heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) gene sequences from four populations of domesticated helmeted guinea fowls (70 individuals) and 1 population of wild helmeted guinea fowls (20 individuals) in kenya in order to get information about their origin, genetic diversity, and traits associated with heat stress. 90 sequences were assigned to 25 distinct mtdna and 4 hsp70 haplotypes. most mtdna haplotypes of the domesticated helmeted guinea fo ... | 2018 | 30539018 |
| american society of biomechanics journal of biomechanics award 2017: high-acceleration training during growth increases optimal muscle fascicle lengths in an avian bipedal model. | sprinters have been found to possess longer muscle fascicles than non-sprinters, which is thought to be beneficial for high-acceleration movements based on muscle force-length-velocity properties. however, it is unknown if their morphology is a result of genetics or training during growth. to explore the influence of training during growth, thirty guinea fowl (numida meleagris) were split into exercise and sedentary groups. exercise birds were housed in a large pen and underwent high-acceleratio ... | 2018 | 30266195 |
| prevalence and burden of gastrointestinal helminthes among grey-breasted helmet guinea fowls (numida meleagris galeata) encountered in gombe state, nigeria. | this cross sectional survey was conducted from july to december 2015 in order to investigate the burden of gastrointestinal helminthes among guinea fowls in gombe, northeastern nigeria. a total of six hundred fowls (viscera) were purchased from six randomly selected slaughter slabs. out of the 600 birds examined, 479 (79.83%; 95% ci: 76.4, 82.9) were found harbouring one or more gastrointestinal helminthes. of this, 238 birds (39.7%; 35.8, 43.6) were infected by nematode species and 392 birds (6 ... | 2018 | 30255082 |
| effect of direct fed microbial in layer diets, on egg laying performance and health response of indigenous ghanaian guinea fowls (numida meleagris). | the aim of the present experiment was to examine the effect of direct fed microbial (dfm) on egg laying performance and health response of indigenous ghanaian guinea fowls (numida meleagris). a total of 216, 9-wk-old guinea keets (already sexed) were randomly assigned to 4 dfm administering treatments. these included control, daily, 3 consecutive days per week, and 7 d repeated every other week at 1.5 ml/l through water for 30 wk. feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, egg weight, ... | 2019 | 30165496 |
| age-related changes in the gross anatomy of the reproductive organs, and associated steroid hormone profiles in male and female guinea fowls (numida meleagris). | owing to the paucity of information on the reproductive biology of guinea fowls, a study involving a total of 132 birds was conducted, and this documented the developmental changes in the gross anatomy of the reproductive organs of males and females from hatching until 32 weeks of age (woa), and associated steroid hormone changes. testicular anatomical biometric traits increased significantly (p < 0.0001) from 8 woa, and stabilised between 16 and 20 woa, while peripheral testosterone concentrati ... | 2018 | 32734051 |
| diagnostic of guinea fowl (numida meleagris) farming in ivory coast. | in order to promote farming of guinea fowl and to diversify the sources of income of ivorian farmers, a survey was conducted in 2016 in 15 regions (197 farmers) out of a total of 31 regions in ivory coast. the aims were 1) to establish a better knowledge of guinea fowl farming; 2) to assess the level of technical knowledge of farmers; and 3) to establish a global typology of farmers based on their socio-economic profile, the goal of the farming (sale or consumption), and their level of technical ... | 2018 | 29992314 |
| effect of direct-fed microbial addition in guinea fowl (numida meleagris) diets on performance and health responses. | the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of intermittent use of direct-fed microbial addition (dfm-"re3®") on growth performance and health status of indigenous guinea fowls in northern ghana. one-hundred and eighty day-old guinea keets were randomly assigned to 4 direct-fed microbial (dfm) treatments that included: control, daily, 3 consecutive days per wk (3cdw), and 7 days repeated every other wk (7dreow) at 1.5 ml/l through water from day 1 to 56 days. feed intake, body weig ... | 2018 | 29554313 |
| characterization of the goose capn3 gene and its expression pattern in muscle tissues of sichuan white geese at different growth stages. | calpain 3 (capn3), also known as p94, is associated with multiple production traits in domestic animals. however, the molecular characteristics of the capn3 gene and its expression profile in goose tissues have not been reported. in this study, capn3 cdna of the sichuan white goose was cloned, sequenced, and characterized. the capn3 full-length cdna sequence consists of a 2,316-bp coding sequence (cds) that encodes 771 amino acids with a molecular mass of 89,019 kda. the protein was predicted to ... | 2018 | 32055171 |
| guineafowl hind limb function. ii: electromyographic analysis and motor pattern evolution. | the neuromuscular control of the hind limb of helmeted guineafowl (numida meleagris) locomoting on a treadmill at 1.0 m/sec was analyzed using simultaneous electromyography (emg) and cineradiography. activity from 16 heads representing 14 hip and knee muscles was recorded and correlated with limb movement and myological data to help discern muscle function. the first half of the stance phase is characterized by activity in many hip extensors, which counteract a flexor moment of the ground reacti ... | 1999 | 29847880 |
| guineafowl hind limb function. i: cineradiographic analysis and speed effects. | avian striding bipedalism was studied in the helmeted guineafowl, numida meleagris. high-speed cineradiographs, light films, and videos were used to record hind limb movements across a wide range of speeds. in particular, direct visualization of the skeleton in x-ray images allowed changes in pelvic and femoral position to be quantified with great accuracy for the first time. with the exception of limb protraction angle, all stride parameters are speed-dependent. during the stance phase, guineaf ... | 1999 | 29847877 |
| a new breed of guinea fowl (numida meleagris l.) appeared by mutation. | | 1949 | 18110646 |