Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted descending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
characterization of immunoreactive proteins of setaria cervi isolated by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.filarial parasites are complex mixtures of antigenic proteins and characterization of these antigenic molecules is essential to identify the diagnostically important filaria-specific antigens. in the present study, we have fractionated the somatic extracts from adults of setaria cervi (bovine filarial parasite) on preparative sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and tested the immunoreactivity of the separated gel fractions with polyclonal antibodies against filarial excretory-secretory antige ...201728030352
in vitro evaluation of antifilarial effect of azadirachta indica leaves extract in different solvents on the microfilariae of setaria cervi.polar solvent extracts of azadirachta indica leaves were investigated to evaluate in vitro anthelmintic activity on the microfilariae of setaria cervi. four extracts of a. indica leaves were prepared with different solvents in increasing order of polarity (diethyl ether < chloroform < ethanol < methanol). stock solution of the extract of a. indica leaves was prepared in ringer's solution at the concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 μg/ml and used against microfilariae in three replicates. ringer's s ...201728316381
immunopathological response of leukocytes against microfilariae and adult worms in white rats infected with setaria cervi.aim of this study was to see the immunopathological changes against the microfilariae (mf) and adult worms of a bovine filarid, setaria cervi in the tissues of vital organs of experimentally infected white rats. the effect of diethylcarbamazine (dec) was also observed on the mf, as leukocytes especially lymphocytes produce immunoglobulins which opsonize and increase the efficacy of dec against circulating mf. effect of this drug was also assessed on liver enzymes in the microfilaremic rats.201728620263
development of chitosan based gold nanomaterial as an efficient antifilarial agent: a mechanistic approach.the gold nanoparticles (aunps) have been synthesized biogenically by using black pepper (piper nigrum) extract according to the principles of green chemistry in presence and absence of a biopolymer, chitosan. a comprehensive study (up to cellular level) on the antifilarial (against setaria cervi) activity of aunps has been made for the first time with a view to use it clinically. the bioactivity of biopolymer capped biogenic aunp increases significantly compared to simple biogenic aunp. the biop ...201727987881
surface proteins of setaria cervi induce inflammation in macrophage through toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4)-mediated signalling pathway.lymphatic filariasis is a vectorborne parasitic disease that results in morbidities, disabilities and socio-economic loss each year globally. inflammatory consequences associated with any form of filariasis have drawn special attention. however, the molecular insight behind the inflammation of host macrophage (mф) is considered as one of the shaded areas in filarial research. herein, major emphasis was given to study the signalling pathway of mф inflammation induced by surface proteins (sps) of ...201727659561
prevalence of bovine microfilariasis in rayalaseema region of andhra pradesh.the prevalence of microfilariasis of bovines was studied in four districts of rayalaseema region of andhra pradesh with respect to species, age, breed, sex and physiological status viz., lactation, season for a period of 1 year. a total of 1286 blood samples were examined by conventional techniques viz. wet blood film, blood smear examination and knott's method with an overall prevalence of 2.72% (35/1286) was recorded in bovines. the prevalence observed in buffaloes and cattle was 2.97% (20/672 ...201728848295
inhibition of setaria cervi protein tyrosine phosphatases by phenylarsine oxide: a proteomic and biochemical study.phenylarsine oxide (pao), a specific protein tyrosine phosphatase (ptp) inhibitor significantly decreased the motility and viability of setaria cervi ultimately leading to its death. the ptp activity present in the cytosolic and detergent soluble fractions as well as on surface of these parasites was significantly inhibited by pao. a marked alteration in protein spots abundance after proteomic analysis showed 14 down-regulated and 9 upregulated spots in the treated parasites as compared to the c ...201626965172
oxidative stress plays major role in mediating apoptosis in filarial nematode setaria cervi in the presence of trans-stilbene derivatives.lymphatic filariasis, affecting around 120 million people in 80 countries worldwide, is an extremely painful disease and caused permanent and long term disability. owing to its alarming prevalence there is immediate need for development of new therapeutics. a series of trans-stilbene derivatives were synthesized using aqueous reaction condition showing potential as antifilarial agents demonstrated in vitro. mtt reduction assay and dye exclusion test were performed to evaluate the micro and macro ...201626849945
copper(ii) oxide nanoparticles augment antifilarial activity of albendazole: in vitro synergistic apoptotic impact against filarial parasite setaria cervi.mass treatment of lymphatic filariasis with albendazole (abz), a therapeutic benzimidazole, is fraught with serious limitations such as possible drug resistance and poor macrofilaricidal activity. therefore, we need to develop new abz-based formulations to improve its antifilarial effectiveness. cuo nanoparticles were used as an adjuvant with abz to form abz-cuo nanocomposite, which was characterized by uv-vis spectroscopy, ft-ir, afm and sem. antifilarial activity of nanocomposite was evaluated ...201626827921
carbohydrate polymer inspired silver nanoparticles for filaricidal and mosquitocidal activities: a comprehensive view.the carbohydrate polymer inspired silver nanoparticles (agnps) are designed and synthesized through ultrasound assisted green process using unique combination of a biomolecule (tyrosine) and a natural polymer (starch). a comprehensive mechanistic study on the reactive oxygen species (ros) mediated filaricidal (against setaria cervi) and mosquitocidal (against second and fourth instar larvae of culex quinquefasciatus) activities of agnps has been made for the first time for controlling filariasis ...201626686143
in search of a potential diagnostic tool for molecular characterization of lymphatic filariasis.lymphatic filariasis (lf) is a chronic disease and is caused by the parasites wuchereria bancrofti (w. bancrofti), brugia malayi (b. malayi) and brugia timori (b. timori). in the present study, setaria cervi (s. cervi), a bovine filarial parasite has been used. previously, it has been reported that the s. cervi shares some common proteins and antigenic determinants with that of human filarial parasite. the larval stages of filarial species usually cannot be identified by classical morphology. he ...201626751881
c-cinnamoyl glycosides as a new class of anti-filarial agents.a series of c-cinnamoyl glycosides has been synthesized in good yield by the bf3·oet2 catalyzed aldol condensation of c-glycosylated acetone derivative with a variety of aromatic aldehydes. the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their potential as anti-filarial agents against bovine filarial parasite setaria cervi and human filariid wuchereria bancrofti using a number of biological assays such as relative movability (rm) assessment and mtt reduction assay. among twenty seven test compounds ...201627015610
evidence of reactive oxygen species (ros) mediated apoptosis in setaria cervi induced by green silver nanoparticles from acacia auriculiformis at a very low dose.green synthesis of silver nanomaterial plays a pivotal role in the growing field of nanotechnology. development of anti-parasitic drugs from plant metabolites has been in regular practice from the ancient period but most of them were discarded due to their inefficiency to control diseases effectively. at present, nanoparticles are used for developing anti-parasitic therapy for their unique properties such as smallest in size, bio-ability, bio-compatibility and penetration capacity into a cell. t ...201626627139
identification and characterization of novel membrane-bound prl protein tyrosine phosphatases from setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite.a significant amount of protein tyrosine phosphatase (ptp) activity was detected in the detergent-soluble membrane-bound fraction of setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite. the membrane-bound ptp activity was significantly inhibited when the adult parasites were exposed to compounds having antifilarial activity like aspirin and sk7 as well as phenylarsine oxide, a specific ptp inhibitor suggesting that this activity is stress regulated. further, this enzyme was purified as a single protein of ...201526341797
identification of a novel stress regulated ferm domain containing cytosolic protein having ptp activity in setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite.a 67 kda cytosolic ferm domain containing protein having significant protein tyrosine phosphatases activity (ptpl) has been purified to homogeneity from setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite. the maldi-ms/ms analysis of the purified protein revealed 16 peptide peaks showing nearest match to brugia malayi moesin/ezrin/radixin homolog 1 protein and one peptide showing significant similarity with a region lying in the catalytic domain of human ptpd1. ptpl showed significant cross reactivity wit ...201525645020
effect of cdnb on filarial thioredoxin reductase : a proteomic and biochemical approach.thioredoxin reductase plays a crucial role in the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis. in this study, we have targeted trxr in setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite using its inhibitor cdnb. it caused significant decrease in the motility and viability of these parasites leading to their death. inhibition of trxr leads to the downregulation of the antioxidant system followed by generation of oxidative stress in these parasites. the increased ros level induced lipid peroxidation and prot ...201525463268
isolation and characterization of endochitinase and exochitinase of setaria cervi.chitin metabolism has been shown to have a role in the development of parasitic nematodes including filarial parasites and the enzymes associated with chitin metabolism have been considered as potential vaccine and drug target. chitinases are members of the enzyme superfamily of glycoside hydrolases, which are characterized by the ability to hydrolyze glycosidic bonds in chitin chain by either an endolytic or an exolytic mechanism. in the present study, we have demonstrated the chitinase (exochi ...201526281757
diospyros perigrena bark extract induced apoptosis in filarial parasite setaria cervi through generation of reactive oxygen species.lymphatic filariasis is a major neglected tropical disease. diospyros perigrena gurke (ebenaceae) was selected for antifilarial chemotherapy because of unavailability of proper medicine. in india, different parts of this plant were used for the treatment of diabetes, diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, mouth ulcers, and wounds.201525720973
morphological characterization of setaria worms collected from cattle.morphological characters of setaria sp. collected from cattle and buffaloes were studied. three species setaria digitata, setaria cervi and setaria labiatopapillosa were identified in the present study. out of the 500 cattle screened 187 were found to harbour worms. 56.8 % (106) of animals with s. digitata, 24.13 % (45) had s. cervi and 18.96 % (36) had s. labiatopapillosa. morphological characters of male and female worms of all the three species were studied in detail.201526345074
presence of ecto-protein tyrosine phosphatase activity is vital for survival of setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite.the ecto protein tyrosine phosphatases (ptp) are known to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and survival of the intracellular parasites. however, their presence and role in filarial parasites is still unknown. we found a significant amount of tyrosine phosphatase activity in the surface antigen fraction extracted from setaria cervi (s. cervi), a bovine filarial parasite. an antibody designed against the conserved catalytic core of human protein tyrosine phosphatases, ptp1b cross reacted wi ...201425028209
in vitro antifilarial activity of azadirachta indica aqueous extract through reactive oxygen species enhancement.to evaluate an aqueous preparation from the azadirachta indica leaves (aea) against setaria cervi (s. cervi), a model filarial parasite.201425441981
antifilarial effects of polyphenol rich ethanolic extract from the leaves of azadirachta indica through molecular and biochemical approaches describing reactive oxygen species (ros) mediated apoptosis of setaria cervi.lymphatic filariasis, a global cause of morbidity needs much more attention in developing potent therapeutics that can be effective against both microfilariae (mf) and adults. efficient botanicals that can induce apoptosis of filarial parasites possibly can provide a direction towards developing new class of antifilarials. in this work we have evaluated the antifilarial efficacy of an optimized polyphenol rich ethanolic extract of azadirachta indica leaves (eea). a. indica a. juss has been widel ...201424275557
nanocurcumin: a novel antifilarial agent with dna topoisomerase ii inhibitory activity.the aim of this study is to evaluate the antifilarial, antiwolbachial and dna topoisomerase ii inhibitory activity of nanocurcumin (nano-cur).201424479705
antifilarial effect of ursolic acid from nyctanthes arbortristis: molecular and biochemical evidences.a bio-assay guided fractionation and purification approach was used to examine in vitro antifilarial activities of the crude methanolic extract of nyctanthes arbortristis as well as fractions and isolated compound. from ethyl-acetate fraction we isolated and identified a triterpenoid compound which has been characterized as ursolic acid (ua) by hplc and nmr data. we are reporting for the first time isolation and identification of ua from the leaves of n. arbortristis. the crude extract and ua sh ...201425009078
purification and characterization of glutathione reductase (e.c. 1.8.1.7) from bovine filarial worms setaria cervi.antioxidant enzymes are the parasite's premier resource to defend themselves against reactive oxygen species generated by macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils of the host. these enzymes may be particularly important for parasites involved in chronic infections, such as parasitic helminths. glutathione (gsh) and glutathione reductase (gr) are parts of the gsh redox cycle, which protects cells against damage by oxidants. both gsh and gr are present in significant amounts in setaria cervi femal ...201324431548
antifilarial activity of ethyl acetate extract of vitex negundo leaves in vitro.to evaluate the possible antifilarial effect of ethyl acetate extract of vitex negundo (verbenaceae) leaves against setaria cervi filarial parasite in vitro.201323827144
identification of gr and trxr systems in setaria cervi: purification and characterization of glutathione reductase.the glutathione reductase (gr) and thioredoxin reductase (trxr) are important enzymes of the redox system that aid parasites to maintain an adequate intracellular redox environment. in the present study, the enzyme activity of gr and trxr was investigated in setaria cervi (s. cervi). significant activity of both enzymes was detected in the somatic extract of adult and microfilariae stages of s. cervi. both gr and trxr were separated by partial purification using ammonium sulfate fractionation an ...201323305756
maldi mass sequencing and biochemical characterization of setaria cervi protein tyrosine phosphatase.a 30-kda acid phosphatase with protein tyrosine phosphatase activity was identified in setaria cervi (scptp). the enzyme was purified to homogeneity using three-step column chromatography. matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (maldi-tof) analysis of purified scptp yielded a total of eight peptides matching most closely to phosphoprotein phosphatase of ricinus communis (rcpp). a hydrophilicity plot of rcpp revealed the presence of these peptides in the hydrophilic region, su ...201323052758
effect of ferulic acid from hibiscus mutabilis on filarial parasite setaria cervi: molecular and biochemical approaches.in the reported work the in vitro activity of a methanolic extract of leaves of hibiscus mutabilis (malvaceae) against bovine setaria cervi worms has been investigated. bioassay-guided fractionation led to isolation of ferulic acid from ethyl acetate fraction. the crude extract and ferulic acid, the active molecule, showed significant microfilaricidal as well as macrofilaricidal activities against the microfilaria (l(1)) and adult of s. cervi by both a worm motility and mtt reduction assay. the ...201222562003
molecular evidence of curcumin-induced apoptosis in the filarial worm setaria cervi.curcumin (diferuloyl methane) is a major curcuminoid from curcuma longa that exhibits various pharmacological effects and has shown multiple beneficial activities. our understanding of its anticarcinogenic and other activities occurring through curcumin-induced apoptosis in several cancer cells has greatly expanded in recent years. lymphatic filariasis is a worldwide health problem causing global disability in humans and is caused by filarial nematodes. development of efficient strategies to pro ...201222562216
albendazole induces apoptosis in adults and microfilariae of setaria cervi.setaria cervi, a filarial nematode of cattle, inhabits in the peritoneal cavity and has been used as a suitable model for screening antifilarial agents. albendazole (abz), a tubulin-disrupting benzimidazole (bz) and a potent microfilaricide binds to +¦-tubulin, is causing structural impairment of cytoskeleton and worm death. our present study has revealed that exposure of microfilaria (mf) and adult to gradually increasing concentration of abz leads to a dose-dependent gradual impairment of thei ...201121439277
effect of diethylcarbamazine, butylated hydroxy anisole and methyl substituted chalcone on filarial parasite setaria cervi: proteomic and biochemical approaches.for survival, parasite exerts several lines of defense of which drug neutralization is one of the major phenomena. lack of phase i cytochrome p450 in some of the nematode render them depend on the phase ii detoxification system involving gst as a major detoxifying enzymes. in present study, the antifilarial dec, phenolic compound bha and methyl chalcone have been evaluated for proteomic and biochemical studies in setaria cervi. bha and methyl chalcone showed cytotoxic effect leading to irreversi ...201121571110
phylogenetic study of setaria cervi based on mitochondrial cox1 gene sequences.the objective of the present study was to examine the phylogenetic position of setaria cervi based on sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene. a fragment of the cox1 gene from two morphologically identified s. cervi collected from red deer (cervus elaphus) from italy were amplified, sequenced, and compared with corresponding sequences of other filarioid nematode species. phylogenetic studies using bayesian analysis revealed s. cervi as monophyletic with other setari ...201121695569
Modulation of phosphofructokinase (PFK) from Setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite, by different effectors and its interaction with some antifilarials.ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Phosphofructokinase (ATP: D-fructose-6-phosphate-1-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.11, PFK) is of primary importance in the regulation of glycolytic flux. This enzyme has been extensively studied from mammalian sources but relatively less attention has been paid towards its characterization from filarial parasites. Furthermore, the information about the response of filarial PFK towards the anthelmintics / antifilarial compounds is lacking. In view of these facts, PFK from Se ...201122152593
kinetic characterisation of phosphofructokinase purified from setaria cervi: a bovine filarial parasite.phosphofructokinase (pfk), a regulatory enzyme in glycolytic pathway, has been purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from adult female setaria cervi and partially characterized. for this enzyme, the lineweaver-burk's double reciprocal plots of initial rates and d-fructose-6-phosphate (f-6-p) or mg-atp concentrations for varying values of cosubstrate concentration gave intersecting lines indicating that k(m) values for f-6-p (1.05 mm) and atp (3 μm) were independent of each other. s. cervi pfk, ...201121941634
observations on in vitro and in vivo antimicrofilarial effects of bishop's weed (trachispermum ammi).the antimicrofilarial efficacy of trachispermum ammi extacts in vitro and in vivo using setaria cervi as a model, was investigated. t. ammi seed extracts were prepared using different solvents (with increasing order of polarity of the solvent) including petroleum ether, diethyl ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, and methanol. the extracts were tested for in vitro antimicrofilarial activity. the ethanolic and the methanolic extracts showed maximum activity in causing flaccidity i ...201123543135
identification of setaria cervi heat shock protein 70 by mass spectrometry and its evaluation as diagnostic marker for lymphatic filariasis.using mass spectrometry and immunological approaches, a heat shock protein 70 associated with lymphatic filariasis (lf) has been identified from a bovine filarial parasite setaria cervi. a heat shock protein was detected in different life stages of s. cervi when exposed to an elevated temperature of 44 degrees c. a combination of atp-agarose column chromatography and electro-elution was used for its purification from adult female extract. on closer examination, it migrated as a single band at 68 ...201019573640
filarial selenium glutathione peroxidase: a probable immunodiagnostic marker for lymphatic filariasis.lymphatic filariasis (lf) caused by wuchereria bancrofti is widely prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries. night blood film examination is most commonly used for diagnosis of filariasis but is cumbersome and labour intensive. in order to develop an indirect elisa-based immunodiagnostic test, the importance of antifilarial igg subclasses was evaluated in bancroftian filariasis patients. blood samples from healthy individuals and different categories of lf patients were used to estimate t ...201020227740
combination of dec plus aspirin induced mitochondrial mediated apoptosis in filarial parasite setaria cervi.diethylcarbamazine (dec) is the main drug used against lymphatic filariasis but it is only microfilaricidal. hence there is an urgent need for adulticidal drug. aspirin is known nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs which can inhibit prostaglandin h synthase and also induces apoptosis. studies presented in this paper demonstrated that exposure of worms to the combination of dec plus aspirin (dec + a) at 100 microm concentration irreversibly paralyzed adult worms as well as microfilariae within 2 ...201020362029
identification of major antigenic peptide of filarial glutathione-s-transferase.in our earlier report, a 26kda setaria cervi glutathione-s-transferase showed significant protection (82%) in jirds infected with l3 larvae of brugia malayi. in the present study we have identified the major antigenic epitopes in scgst. carboxypeptidase b has been used to digest the scgst in to smaller fragments. the digested products were separated as four protein bands on sds-page. the smallest fragment of 6kda (p4) from scgst was identified as major antigenic epitope because of its significan ...201021144917
isolation of an antigen fraction from setaria cervi adults having potential for immunodiagnosis of human filariasis.crude antigenic preparations from heterologous filarial parasites gave false positive results because of complex nature of these antigens and their cross-reactivity with other helminth parasites. in the present study, efforts have been made to isolate and characterize the antigens from setaria cervi important for diagnostic purposes. the fractionation of s. cervi somatic antigenic preparation on sephacryl s-200 resulted in separation of three major antigenic peak fractions. crossed immunoelectro ...200919860586
screening of different classes of proteases in microfilarial and adult stages of setaria cervi.many of the filarial proteases involved in critical physiological functions are expressed in stage-specific manner and belong to various mechanistic classes. setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite express different classes of proteases. this parasite shows strong antigenic cross-reactivity with human filarial parasites wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi. somatic extracts of s. cervi microfilariae (mf) and adult stages as well as their excretory-secretory (es) products were screened for th ...200919184106
antifilarial activity of 1,3-diarylpropen-1-one: effect on glutathione-s-transferase, a phase ii detoxification enzyme.chalcone derivatives were evaluated for their antifilarial activity on setaria cervi using glutathione-s-transferase (gst) as a drug target. the compounds 1-(4-benzotriazol-1-yl-phenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (5), and 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(4-pyrrolidin-1-yl-phenyl) prop-2-en-1-one (7) showed a significant suppression (p < 0.01) in gst activity of adult female parasite extract at 3 microm concentration in vitro. however, gst activity was detected along with depletion in gsh level. ex ...200919407121
evidence for the presence of prostaglandin h synthase like enzyme in female setaria cervi and its inhibition by diethylcarbamazine.experimental evidence has shown that setaria cervi a bovine filarial parasite contains significant amount of prostaglandin h synthase like activity in the somatic extract of its different life stages. a protein with characteristics of prostaglandin h synthase was purified to homogeneity from female somatic extract using a combination of affinity and gel filtration chromatography. molecular weight of purified enzyme was 70kda as determined by sds-page. purified enzyme showed high activity with ar ...200919426666
setaria cervi dual specific phosphatase: characterization and its effect on eosinophil degranulation.setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite contains significant acid phosphatase (acp) activity in its various life stages. two forms of acp were separated from somatic extract of adult female parasite using cation exchange, gel filtration and concavalin affinity chromatography. one form having a molecular mass of 79 kda was characterized as dual specific protein tyrosine phosphatase (scdsp) based on substrate specificity and inhibition studies. with various substrates tested, it showed significa ...200919523248
filarial glutathione-s-transferase: a potential vaccine candidate against lymphatic filariasis.present report enumerates the vaccine potential of a glutathione-s-transferase purified from setaria cervi against lymphatic filariasis. in jirds (meriones unguiculatus) vaccination trial, a very significant 82.75% (p<0.005) reduction in adult parasite burden was observed in scgst immunized group after 90 days post brugia malayi l3 challenge. an inverse correlation between the antibody level and worm burden was found in scgst immunized group (person's correlation r=0.943, p<0.05). no recoveries ...200818499308
purification and biochemical characterization of cytosolic glutathione-s-transferase from filarial worms setaria cervi.the present study reports the purification and characterization of gst from cytosolic fraction of setaria cervi. gst activity was determined in various subcellular fractions of bovine filarial worms s. cervi (bubalus bubalis linn.) and was found to be localized mainly in the cytosolic and microsomal fractions. the soluble enzyme from s. cervi was purified to homogeneity using a combination of salt precipitation, centrifugation, cation exchange and gsh-sepharose affinity chromatography followed b ...200818752976
synthesis of 4-amino-5-cyano-2, 6-disubstituted pyrimidines as a potential antifilarial dna topoisomerase ii inhibitors.a novel series of 4-amino-5-cyano-2, 6-disubstituted pyrimidines have been synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antifilarial dna topoisomerase ii activity against filarial parasite setaria cervi. in particular compounds bearing 4-chloro-phenyl substitutent at position-6, exhibited strong inhibition at 40 microg/ml and 5 microg/ml concentration. the present study based on the biological results obtained, suggests that the nature of substitutent at position-4 in the phenyl ring directly af ...200818991743
ruthenium(ii) polypyridyl complexes: potential precursors, metalloligands, and topo ii inhibitors.neutral and cationic mononuclear complexes containing both group 15 and polypyridyl ligands [ru(kappa3-tptz)(pph3)cl2] [1; tptz=2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine], [ru(kappa3-tptz)(kappa2-dppm)cl]bf4 [2; dppm=bis(diphenylphosphino)methane], [ru(kappa3-tptz)(pph3)(pa)]cl (3; pa=phenylalanine), [ru(kappa3-tptz)(pph3)(dtc)]cl (4; dtc=diethyldithiocarbamate), [ru(kappa3-tptz)(pph3)(scn)2] (5) and [ru(kappa3-tptz)(pph3)(n3)2] (6) have been synthesized. complex 1 has been used as a metalloligand in ...200818171055
purification and characterization of a leucine aminopeptidase from the bovine filarial parasite setaria cervi.using synthetic peptide substrate leu-p-na, leucine aminopeptidase (lap) activity was detected in both microfilarial and adult stages of a bovine filarial parasite setaria cervi. a single protein fraction containing lap activity was purified from the adult female s. cervi using three different chromatographic techniques. this purified enzyme was shown to be a 321 kda zinc dependent metalloexopeptidase having maximum activity at ph 9.0 and 37 degrees c. its activity was significantly inhibited by ...200818262499
cytosolic and microsomal glutathione-s-transferases from bovine filarial worms setaria cervi.the work presented here deals with the status of glutathione-s-transferase (gst; e.c. 2.5.1.18), the major enzyme of the phase ii detoxification pathway, in bovine filarial worms setaria cervi. gst activity was determined in various subcellular fractions of bovine filarial worms s. cervi (bubalus bubalis linn.) and was found to be mainly associated with cytosolic and microsomal fractions. the respective specific activities of the enzyme from cytosolic and microsomal fractions of s. cervi females ...200718314670
partial purification and characterization of acetylcholinesterase isozymes from adult bovine filarial parasite setaria cervi.filariasis is a major health problem, affecting millions of people in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. the isolation and characterization of parasite-specific enzyme targets is essential for developing effective control measures against filariasis. acetylcholinesterase (ache, e.c. 3.1.1.7), an important enzyme of neuromuscular transmission is found in a number of helminths including filarial parasites and may be playing a role in host-parasite interactions. earlier, we demonstrate ...200718341214
maldi mass sequencing and characterization of filarialglutathione-s-transferase.glutathione-s-transferase has been detected in the somatic extract and excretory-secretory products of different life stages of setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite. the enzyme was subjected to maldi-tof followed by mass spectrometry and the nearest match found was pleuronectes platessa gst. molecular mass of the purified enzyme was approximately 26 kda as determined by sds-page and maldi-tof. setaria cervi gst exhibited high activity towards 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene and ethacrynic acid. ...200717367761
biochemical composition and metabolic pathways of filarial worms setaria cervi: search for new antifilarial agents.the main problem regarding the chemotherapy of filariasis is that no safe and effective drug is available yet to combat the adult human filarial worms. setaria cervi, the causal organism of setariasis and lumbar paralysis in cattle, is routinely employed as a model organism for conducting biochemical and enzymatic studies on filarial parasites. in view of the practical difficulties in procuring human strains of wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi for drug screening, the bovine filarial parasi ...200717875226
monoclonal antibodies generated against excretory/secretory antigens of mammalian stage larvae of the lymphatic filarial parasite wuchereria bancrofti.monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against excretory/secretary (e/s) antigens of fourth stage (l4) larvae of wuchereria bancrofti were raised and screened for their specificity and sensitivity and evaluated for their potential in detecting homologous e/s antigens in human blood samples. five mabs were obtained and, among them, mab a7 showed high reactivity against e/s antigens of l4 and crude somatic antigens of microfilariae (mf) of w. bancrofti, and infective stage (l3) and adult stage larvae of bru ...200717885888
[the endoparasites of sika deer (cervus nippon) in austria].the endoparasite fauna of 108 sika deer (42 calves <1 year, 20 approximately 1 year old animals, 46 animals >1 year) originating from the two free-living sika deer populations in austria (ostrong, 35 animals; tullner donauauen, 73 animals) was studied. the deer were shot during the hunting seasons 2003-2005. in all, at least four species of protozoa (eimeria austriaca, eimeria robusta, eimeria sordida; sarcocystis spp.), two species each of cestodes (moniezia benedeni, larval cyst of taenia hyda ...200717987366
tissue localization of collagenase and leucine aminopeptidase in the bovine filarial parasite setaria cervi.like other helminth proteases, filarial proteases have also been shown to require for parasite survival inside the host and mediate various physiologic processes such as tissue invasion, feeding, embryogenesis and host immune evasion. many of these proteases have shown potential for vaccines and chemotherapeutic agents against active filarial infections. setaria cervi is a bovine filarial parasite and serves as a good parasite model for the studies in lymphatic filariasis. recently, a 175 kda co ...200616716219
vaccination with setaria cervi 175 kda collagenase induces high level of protection against brugia malayi infection in jirds.a zinc containing metalloprotease, 175 kda collagenase, purified from adult female setaria cervi showed strong cross-reactivity with sera from putatively immune (pi) individuals (unpublished observation) and induced cytotoxicity to b. malayi l3 larvae and microfilariae by adcc mechanism [srivastava y, bhandari yp, reddy mvr, harinath bc, rathaur s. an adult 175 kda collagenase antigen of setaria cervi in immunoprophylaxis against brugia malayi. j helminth 2004;78:347-52]. these preliminary obser ...200616870314
syntheses of 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyrimidine derivatives as a new class of antifilarial topoisomerase ii inhibitors.a series of 21 compounds of trisubstituted pyrimidine derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro topoisomerase ii inhibitory activity against filarial parasite setaria cervi. out of these, seven compounds (8, 11-14, 25 and 28) have shown 60-80% inhibition at 40 and 20 microg/ml concentration. five compounds (12, 13, 14, 25 and 28) exhibited 70-80% inhibition at 10 microg/ml concentration and three compounds (13, 14 and 28) have shown 40-60% inhibition at 5 microg/ml conce ...200515582408
antifilarial activity of azadirachta indica on cattle filarial parasite setaria cervi.alcohol and aqueous extracts of flowers of azadirachta indica were tested in vitro for their potential antifilarial activity against whole worm, nerve muscle (n.m.) preparation and microfilariae of setaria cervi. the effects of alcohol and aqueous extracts were similar in nature on the spontaneous movements of whole worm and nerve muscle preparation. on the whole worm, the response was characterized by initial increase in tone, rate and amplitude of contractions followed by reversible paralysis. ...200515664463
setaria cervi: immunoprophylactic potential of glutathione-s-transferase against filarial parasite brugia malayi.glutathione-s-transferase (gst) has been detected in the adult female setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite. the role of s. cervi gst antigen in inducing immunity in the host against brugia malayi microfilariae and infective larvae was studied by in vitro antibody dependent cell mediated reaction as well as in situ inoculation of filarial parasites within a microchamber in mastomys. the immune sera from glutathione-s-transferase immunized mastomys promoted the adherence of peritoneal exudate ...200515755423
potential antifilarial activity of fruit extracts of ficus racemosa linn. against setaria cervi in vitro.effect of alcoholic and aqueous extracts of the fruits of f. racemosa linn., on the spontaneous movements of both the whole worm and nerve muscle preparation of setaria cervi and on the survival of microfilariae in vitro was studied. alcoholic as well as aqueous extracts caused inhibition of spontaneous motility of whole worm and nerve muscle preparation of setaria cervi characterized by increase in amplitude and tone of contractions. initial stimulatory effect was not observed with aqueous extr ...200515875719
identification and characterization of a selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase in setaria cervi.setaria cervi a bovine filarial parasite secretes selenium glutathione peroxidase during in vitro cultivation. a significant amount of enzyme activity was detected in the somatic extract of different developmental stages of the parasite. among different stages, microfilariae showed a higher level of selenium glutathione peroxidase activity followed by males then females. however, when the activity was compared in excretory secretory products of these stages males showed higher activity than micr ...200515882986
filarial glutathione s-transferase: its induction by xenobiotics and potential as drug target.glutathione-s-transferase (gst) a phase-ii drug detoxification enzyme, was detected in setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite. in vitro effect of diethylcarbamazine, butylated hydroxyanisole and phenobarbitone on the gst of adult female s. cervi was assayed by the addition of these compounds in the maintenance medium. the specific activity of gst towards 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene was increased progressively 1.2-1.97, 1.3-2.4 and 1.2-2.7 times at 10-100 microm of diethylcarbamazine, butylate ...200515912210
setaria cervi: kinetic studies of filarial glutathione synthetase by high performance liquid chromatography.the bovine filarial worm setaria cervi was found to have abundance of glutathione synthetase (gs; ec 6.3.2.3) activity, the enzyme being involved in catalysing the final step of glutathione (gsh) biosynthesis. a rp-hplc method involving precolumn derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde has been followed for the estimation of gs activity in crude filarial preparations. subcellular fractionation of the enzyme was undertaken and it was confirmed to be a soluble protein residing mainly in cytosolic fra ...200516087176
poorer nf-kappa b signaling by microfilariae in macrophages from balb/c mice affects their ability to produce cytotoxic levels of nitric oxide to kill microfilariae.upon activation with microfilariae (mf), macrophages from c57bl/6 mice showed higher nuclear factor-kappa b (nf-kappa b) but lower activating protein 1 dna-binding activity as compared to balb/c macrophages. the c57bl/6 macrophages produced cytotoxic levels of nitric oxide (no) to kill setaria cervi mf as compared to balb/c macrophages. inhibition of the nf-kappa b signal by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (pdtc) blocked no production and microfilaricidal activity of c57bl/6 macrophages and inclusio ...200415178336
adult 175 kda collagenase antigen of setaria cervi in immunoprophylaxis against brugia malayi in jirds.a 175 kda antigen fraction with collagenase activity was isolated and purified from somatic extracts of adult setaria cervi females using column chromatography involving consecutive steps of deae-sepharose cl6b and sephadex g-100. the optimum ph for 175 kda collagenase was found to be ph 7.0. sensitivities to a variety of inhibitors and activators indicated that the 175 kda coilagenolytic enzyme was metalloserine in nature. the enzyme hydrolysed a variety of protein substrates such as haemoglobi ...200415575994
anti fi larial potential of the fruits and leaves extracts of pongamia pinnata on cattle filarial parasite setaria cervi.the effect of aqueous and alcohol extracts of the fruits and leaves of pongamia pinnata (linn.) merr. (syn. pongamia glabra vent, leguminosae) on the spontaneous movements of both the whole worm and the nerve-muscle preparation of setaria cervi and on the survival of micro fi lariae in vitro was studied. the aqueous and alcohol extracts of fruits and the alcohol extract of leaves caused an inhibition of spontaneous movements of the whole worm and the nerve-muscle preparation of s. cervi. the ini ...200314595597
synthesis and antifilarial evaluation of 7-o-acetamidyl-4-alkyl-2h-1-benzopyran-2-ones.a series of 7-o-acetamidyl-4-alkyl-2h-1-benzopyran-2-ones (5-23) has been synthesized by amidation of 7-o-(carbethoxymethyl)-4-alkyl-2h-1-benzopyran-2-ones (2a, 2b) with different primary and secondary amines in fair to good yield. the resulting compounds were screened for their filarial dna topoisomerase inhibitory activity under in vivo condition in setaria cervi. the compounds were tested in vitro against brugia malayi. a few of the compounds possess promising antifilarial activity.200314732967
setaria cervi: in vitro released collagenases and their inhibition by wuchereria bancrofti infected sera.in vitro released products of adult setaria cervi females, microfilariae and extracts showed considerable amounts of collagenase activity. on the basis of per mg protein released in vitro, the products of both microfilariae and adult females exhibited comparable activity but this was much higher than that of extract of microfilariae and adult females. two collagenase enzymes with molecular masses of 50 kda and 70 kda were separated using deae-sepharose cl6b and sephadex g-100 column chromatograp ...200312590669
potential antifilarial activity of the leaves and seeds extracts of psoralea corylifolia on cattle filarial parasite setaria cervi.the effect of aqueous and alcohol extracts of the leaves and seeds of psoralea corylifolia, on the spontaneous movements of both the whole worm and the nerve muscle preparation of setaria cervi and on the survival of microfilariae in vitro was studied. alcohol extracts of both leaves and seeds caused the inhibition of spontaneous movements of the whole worm and the nerve muscle preparation of s. cervi, characterised by initial, short lasting small increase in tone of contractions followed by par ...200212169401
voltage activated calcium channels in somatic muscle of filarial nematode setaria cervi.acetylcholine (ach), levamisole and pyrantel pamoate all cause stimulation of spontaneous rhythmic movements of whole worm and nerve muscle preparation of filarial nematode setaria cervi. these stimulant effects are manifested only in the presence of available ca2+ or extracellular ca2+. electrical stimulation of nerve muscle preparation of setaria cervi elicited depolarization and increase in amplitude and tone of contractions. electrical current stimulates ca2+ entry leading to depolarization ...200112562016
exploration of antifilarial potential and possible mechanism of action of the root extracts of saxifraga stracheyion on cattle filarial parasite setaria cervi.the effect of aqueous and alcohol extracts of the roots of saxifraga stracheyi engl. on the spontaneous movements of both the whole worm and the nerve muscle preparation of setaria cervi and on the survival of microfilariae in vitro was studied. both extracts caused the inhibition of spontaneous movements of the whole worm and the nerve-muscle preparation of s. cervi, characterized by an increase in the amplitude and a decrease in the rate of contractions, while the tone of the contractions rema ...200010641054
characterization of secretory acetylcholinesterase from setaria cervi microfilariae: a potential antigen for diagnosis of human filariasis.acetylcholinesterase (ache) is released to the external medium when microfilariae (m.f.) of setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite, are maintained in vitro. intense enzyme staining at amphids, excretory pores, anal vesicle and phasmids suggest an active secretion of ache from m.f. excretory-secretory products of m.f. displayed two electromorphic variants of ache when resolved by 6% nondenaturing page. the two isoforms of ache (a and b) were separated on the basis of charge by deae sepharose c ...199910402969
secretory acetylcholinesterase of setaria cervi microfilariae and its antigenic cross-reactivity with wuchereria bancrofti.setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite, secretes acetylcholinesterase during in vitro cultivation. a significant amount of enzyme activity was detected both in culture media and somatic extracts of different developmental stages of the parasite. the microfilarial stage showed a higher level of ache activity than adult worms, with females being considerably more active than males. the secretory enzyme from microfilariae preferentially utilized acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate and showed t ...19989484968
5/6/7/8 mono or disubstituted 1h/1-phenyl-9h-pyrido [3,4 b] indoles--a new class of antifilarial agents and their relationship with voltage sensitive calcium channels in setaria cervi.synthetic compounds of 5/6/7/8 mono or disubstituted 1h/1-phenyl-9h pyrido (3,4 b) indole series were screened for their antifilarial activity in vitro by observing their effect on the spontaneous movements of the whole worm and nerve muscle preparation of s. cervi (nematoda:filarioidea). of the 10 compounds tested only compound 87/581 was able to modify the movements of whole worm and nerve muscle preparation. this compound caused inhibition of spontaneous motility of whole worm and nerve muscl ...19989854428
antifilarial activity of mallotus philippensis lam. on setaria cervie (nematoda: filarioidea) in vitro.the effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the leaves of mallotus philippensis (lam.) muell. arg. was studied on the spontaneous movements of the whole worm and nerve-muscle (n.m.) preparation of setaria cervi and on the survival of microfilariae in vitro. both the extracts caused inhibition of spontaneous motility of whole worm and the n.m. preparation of s. cervi characterized by initial stimulation followed by depression in amplitude. the tone and rate of contractions remained visibly un ...199710235663
potential antifilarial activity of roots of asparagus adscendens roxb, against setaria cervi in vitro.effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the roots of a. adscendens was studied on the spontaneous movements of whole worm and nerve muscle (n.m.) preparation of s. cervi and on the survival of microfilariae in vitro. aqueous as well alcoholic extracts caused inhibition of spontaneous motility of whole worm and n.m. preparation of s. cervi characterized by initial, short lasting small increase in amplitude and tone of contractions followed by paralysis. the initial stimulatory effect was not ...19979315227
filarial dna and its interaction with polyamines and antifilarial drugs.the interaction of dna from filarial parasite setaria cervi with polyamines was monitored by melting temperature (tm) profile, condensation and b to z dna transition and compared with dna of escherichia coli, micrococcus luteus and calf thymus having different gc content. polyamines, viz. spermine and spermidine, stabilized the secondary structure of all dnas as indicated by increase in tm value. uv absorption studies indicated b to z dna transition in the presence of polyamines. the amount of p ...19979443951
analysis and potential of excretory-secretory antigens of setaria cervi for immunodiagnosis of human filariasis.the excretory-secretory (e-ls) products released by the adult setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite, were used to raise polyvalent hyperimmune serum in rabbits. analysis of e-s products, using anti-e-s serum showed the presence of 10-14 immunogenic proteins, the rabbit anti-e-s serum showed reciprocal antibody titres in the range of 100,000-250,000 by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. the anti-e-s antibodies could detect circulating antigen in filarial patients sera by counter immunoelectro ...19968792637
in vitro antifilarial activity of sencio nudicaulis buch. ham. effect on setaria cervi (nematoda filarioidea).the effect on aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the leaves of sencio nudicaulis buch. ham. was studied on the spontaneous movements of the whole worm and nerve-muscle preparation of setaria cervi and on the survival of micro-filariae in vitro. aqueous as well as alcoholic extracts caused inhibition of spontaneous motility of the whole worm and nerve-muscle preparation of s. cervi characterized by decreased amplitude, rate and tone of contractions. the concentration required to inhibit the moveme ...19968950138
regulation of cholinomimetic action of pyrantel pamoate by calcium channels in setaria cervi.nerve muscle preparation of setaria cervi (nematoda:filarioidea) exhibits spontaneous rhythmical movements when suspended in isolated organ bath containing modified ringer's solution. pyrantel pamoate (50 ng/ml) when applied caused initial short lasting stimulation followed by irreversible paralysis. when suspended in calcium free bathing fluid the movements of n.m. preparation showed a gradual decrease both in amplitude and rate of contraction til the movements ceased completely. the effect was ...19968950141
oxidation and reduction of cytochrome c by mitochondrial enzymes of setaria cervi.a mitochondria-rich fraction isolated from the cuticle-hypodermis-muscle system of setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite, possessed substrate-coupled cytochrome c reductases and cytochrome c oxidase in appreciable activities. all these activities were located predominantly in the membranes. nadh-coupled cytochrome c reductase was more prominent than nadph- and succinate-coupled reductases. all the three reductases exhibited marked sensitivity to rotenone and antimycin a. salicylhydroxamic ac ...19957622786
identification of voltage-sensitive calcium channels in setaria cervi (nematoda: filarioidea) and their role in regulation of spontaneous motility.whole worm of setaria cervi and its nerve muscle preparation exhibit rhythmical movements when suspended in modified ringer's solution in an isolated organ bath. deprivation of calcium from the bathing fluid results in gradual reduction in the amplitude and rate of contraction till the movements ceased completely. similar results were obtained by adding edta (5 micrograms/ml) to the bath. the effect was concentration related and was evident early with higher concentration of edta. acetylcholine ...19957649597
parasitic infections of indian yak bos (poephagus) grunniens--an overview.for centuries, the yak and its hybrids with domestic cows (dzomo/dzo) have been contributing to the socio-economic status of their owners in desolate regions of the greater himalayas. studies on the prevalence of parasitic diseases in these animals were undertaken in ladakh (jammu and kashmir), sikkim and villages near the indo-nepal border of uttar pradesh. visceral organs of necropsied animals were observed for the presence of adult metazoan parasites, fresh or preserved faecal samples were ex ...19948091621
monoclonal antibodies against antigenic epitopes common between setaria cervi and brugia malayi.several common antigens between the bovine (setaria cervi) and human (brugia malayi) filarial parasites have been demonstrated [immunol investig, 16 (1987) 139]. hybridoma cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies against such common antigenic epitopes were obtained by immunizing the balb/c mice with s. cervi antigen, fusing the spleen cells with sp2/0 myeloma cells and screening the culture supernatants for antibody against both s. cervi and b. malayi antigens by elisa. nine monoclonal antibod ...19947525468
effect of antibiotics on protein synthesis in filarial parasites.acanthocheilonema viteae, litomosoides carinii and setaria cervi were found to actively synthesize proteins in vitro. different centrifugation fractions and their tca-precipitable fractions were assessed for the distribution of newly synthesized proteins. penicillin and streptomycin inhibited the process in a. viteae. the synthesis in s. cervi was susceptible to puromycin, chloramphenicol, cycloheximide, neomycin and polymyxin b. the process in l. carinii was strongly blocked by puromycin while ...19938132970
antifilarial effect of two triterpenoid saponins isolated from acacia auriculiformis.the active principle, isolated from the funicles of a. auriculiformis, consisted of two triterpenoid saponins, acaciaside a and acaciaside b which killed in vitro 97% microfilaria of setaria cervi in 100 min at 4mg/ml concentration and 100% of adults in 35 min. the drug, when administered orally at 100 mg/kg on rats, in which s. cervi adults were implanted intra-peritoneally, increased the blood mf count by 1.5-fold after the first phase of treatment for 10 days. following the third phase of tre ...19938225417
non-specific effects of setaria cervi antigen, adjuvants and vaccines against litomosoides carinii infection in cotton rats, sigmodon hispidus. 19938406609
a comparative study of acetylcholinesterase activity in bovine (s. cervi) and human (b. malayi, w. bancrofti) filaria.setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite, contains a significant amount of acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity with microfilaria having five to ten times more ache activity than female and male adult worms, respectively. because ache shows substrate specificity and hydrolyzes acetylthiocholine but not butrylthiocholine, this parasitic enzyme is likely a true acetylcholinesterase. the latter also resembles an ache enzyme in the human filarial parasite b. malayi which hydrolyzes acetylthiocholin ...19921293431
characterization of ca(2+)-atpase of setaria cervi (nematoda: filarioidea): effect of phenothiazines and anthelmintics.1. a mg2+ independent, ca(2+)-atpase requiring high concentrations of ca2+ (5 mm) for the activation, equally distributed in cuticle-muscular-hypodermis, genital organs and gastrointestinal tissues and mainly localized in 10,000 g pellet fraction, was identified in setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite. 2. filarial enzyme showed km value of 3.33 mm for atp as computed from the double reciprocal lineweaver-burk plot. 3. the enzyme could be completely solubilized by sonication with about 4-fol ...19921426525
antioxidant system of litomosoides carinii and setaria cervi: effect of a macrofilaricidal agent.filarial parasites, litomosoides carinii and setaria cervi, showed great susceptibility to the oxidants generated in vitro by the xanthine/xanthine-oxidase system. in order to counteract such injurious effects, both the filariids possessed an active antioxidant enzymes system. superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were detected in appreciable amounts but glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in very low quantities. the former three enzymes were also foun ...19921496806
antifilarial activity of centratherum anthelminticum seed extracts on setaria cervi.effect of aqueous and alcoholic extract of c. anthelminticum was studied on the spontaneous movements of the whole worm and nerve-muscle preparation of s. cervi. ethylacetate, acetone and methanol extract showed similar effect, of causing inhibition of spontaneous motility of the nerve-muscle preparation of s. cervi characterized by decreased amplitude and frequency of contractions. the inhibitory effect on the motility was reversible. further, the extracts did not involve the blockade of cholin ...19921506041
polyamine metabolism in some helminth parasites.polyamine levels of some helminth parasites were analyzed by reverse phase hplc of benzoyl derivatives. setaria cervi, acanthocheilonema viteae, hymenolepis nana, h. diminuta, and ascaridia galli contained higher levels of spermine than spermidine while in ancylostoma ceylanicum and nippostrongylus brasiliensis the spermidine levels were higher than spermine; putrescine was either absent or present in minor quantities. the enzymes of polyamine biosynthesis viz., ornithine decarboxylase, s-adenos ...19911993461
scanning electron microscopy of setaria cervi adult male worms.scanning electron microscopy studies of adult setaria cervi male worms showed the presence of horn-like lateral appendages and characteristic striated bands on the ventral side of the tail. all other features were indistinguishable from other members of the genus setaria.19912040560
[studies on dynamic of antibodies detected in sera from jirds infected with brugia malayi before and after treatment].indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat) and immunoenzymatic staining technique (iest), using frozen section of brugia malayi and setaria cervi adult worms, were applied to detect levels of igg and igm antibodies in jirds infected with brugia malayi before and after treatment. both methods could show the dynamic of antibodies during the course of infection. the peak of igg and igm antibodies were at the 12-14th week and 2-6th week after infection respectively. a high correlation was obser ...19912065458
evaluation of setaria cervi antigen in the diagnosis of human filariasis.bovine filariid worm (setaria cervi) antigen was evaluated for the immunodiagnosis of human filariasis. patients with manifestations of filarial infection; [1) microfilaremia cases, (2) chronic clinical cases, (3) tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (tpe) cases) were taken for the investigations along with (4) normal endemic and non-endemic human subjects. ciep, ifat and elisa tests were employed for detection of serum antibodies. there was a high degree of sensitivity shown by ifat (1:64-1:256) and ...19902093612
[studies on dynamics of antibodies in sera from rabbits immunized with homologous and heterologous adult filarial antigens].the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat) and immunoenzymatic staining technique (iest) with frozen sections of brugia malayi and setaria cervi adult worms as antigens were used to detect igg levels in rabbits immunized with three different filarial antigens. the results showed the dynamics of the specific igg antibody in the course of immunization. the peaks (gmrt 76.11-861.08) of igg levels in immunized rabbits appeared at the 4th week after primary immunization, which returned to (4 ...19902096002
an approach for immunodiagnosis of clinical cases of filariasis.in this communication an immunodiagnostic approach has been adopted for detection of antigen and antibody in amicrofilaeamic mf(-) patients by countercurrent immuno electrophoresis (ccie) and immunodiffusion (id). using setaria cervi and immune complex (ic) antigens, out of fifteen clinical cases the number of positive patients in ccie were twelve and ten respectively. sixty percent of the mf(-) cases were positive in antigen detection against both the homologous and heterologous antibody. in id ...19902111432
effect of anthelmintics and phenothiazines on adenosine 5'-triphosphatases of filarial parasite setaria cervi.s. cervi showed particulate bound ca2+ atpase and na+,k(+)-atpase activities while mg2+ atpase was detected in traces. atpase of s. cervi was also differentiated from the nonspecific p-nitrophenyl phosphatase activity. female parasite and microfilariae exhibited higher ca2+ atpase and na+,k(+)-atpase activities than the male adults and the enzyme na+,k(+)-atpase was mainly concentrated in the gastrointestinal tract of the filarial parasite. na+,k(+)-atpase of the filariid was ouabain-sensitive w ...19902163977
Refresh
firstprev
12
nextlast
Displaying items 1 - 100 of 143