Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| coincidence of three pathogens (borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum and babesia microti) in ixodes ricinus ticks in the lublin macroregion. | ticks are very important vectors of pathogenic microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, protozoans), which may induce serious contagious diseases in humans and in farm animals. the aim of the study was to determine the coincidence of 3 pathogens: borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum and babesia microti in ixodes ricinus ticks in south-eastern poland and to estimate the degree of infection with each of the examined pathogens depending on the developmental stage of ticks (nymph, fe ... | 2009 | 19630205 |
| seroprevalence of human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis in central and southeastern china. | human granulocytic anaplasmosis (hga) is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease. to determine the prevalence of hga in central and southeastern china, a total of 323 human sera were collected from individuals at high risk for exposure to ticks and animals. the igg antibody against the etiologic agent of hga, anaplasma phagocytophilum was detected with indirect immunofluorescence assay. the results showed that 20% of the tested individuals (64/323) were positive to a. phagocytophilum and that ... | 2009 | 19635886 |
| anaplasma phagocytophilum and anaplasma marginale elicit different gene expression responses in cultured tick cells. | the genus anaplasma (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae) includes obligate tick-transmitted intracellular organisms, anaplasma phagocytophilum and anaplasma marginale that multiply in both vertebrate and tick host cells. recently, we showed that a. marginale affects the expression of tick genes that are involved in tick survival and pathogen infection and multiplication. however, the gene expression profile in a. phagocytophilum-infected tick cells is currently poorly characterized. the objectives o ... | 2009 | 19636428 |
| detection and identification of rickettsial agents in ticks from domestic mammals in eastern panama. | several outbreaks of rocky mountain spotted fever have occurred in recent years in colombian communities close to the border with panama. however, little is known about rickettsiae and rickettsial diseases in eastern panamanian provinces, the darien province and the kuna yala, located north of the endemic area in colombia. in 2007, 289 ticks were collected in several towns from dogs, horses, mules, cows, and pigs. dna was extracted from 124 dermacentor nitens, 64 rhipicephalus sanguineus, 43 amb ... | 2009 | 19645289 |
| new approaches to detection and identification of rickettsia africae and ehrlichia ruminantium in amblyomma variegatum (acari: ixodidae) ticks from the caribbean. | imported from africa in the 1700s and despite frequent modern eradication efforts, amblyomma variegatum (f.) spread through the caribbean by cattle transport, small ruminants, and migrating birds. a. variegatum is a vector for rickettsia africae, the causative agent of african tick bite fever, and ehrlichia ruminantium, the causative agent of heartwater. we examined 95 a. variegatum and six rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini) collected from cattle at an abattoir in antigua. engorged ... | 2009 | 19645301 |
| molecular evidence for persistence of anaplasma phagocytophilum in the absence of clinical abnormalities in horses after recovery from acute experimental infection. | anaplasma phagocytophilum infects several mammalian species, and can persist in sheep, dogs, and calves. however, whether this organism persists in horses or induces long-term clinical abnormalities is not known. | 2009 | 19645847 |
| identification of anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in patients with erythema migrans. | anaplasma phagocytophilum has been first isolated from the blood of two czech patients simultaneously with a cultivation of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato from their erythema migrans lesions. cultivation of different borrelia spp. from 12 erythema migrans biopsies, from 2 blood, one liquor and one placenta sample in bsk-h medium was successful. adapted conventional methods targeting 16s rrna and ospa genes for real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and partial sequencing of these genes toget ... | 2009 | 19649743 |
| effects of tick control by acaricide self-treatment of white-tailed deer on host-seeking tick infection prevalence and entomologic risk for ixodes scapularis-borne pathogens. | we evaluated the effects of tick control by acaricide self-treatment of white-tailed deer on the infection prevalence and entomologic risk for three ixodes scapularis-borne bacteria in host-seeking ticks. ticks were collected from vegetation in areas treated with the "4-poster" device and from control areas over a 6-year period in five geographically diverse study locations in the northeastern united states and tested for infection with two known agents of human disease, borrelia burgdorferi and ... | 2009 | 19650738 |
| detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in dogs in the czech republic. | the aim of this study is to present molecular, serologic, and clinical findings for dogs that were naturally infected with anaplasma phagocytophilum or borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s. l.) in the czech republic. this data can provide information relevant to human infection. in total, blood samples from 296 dogs and 118 engorged ticks were examined. samples were tested for a. phagocytophilum using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification, nested pcr, and direct sequencing of the 16s rdna, ... | 2009 | 19271998 |
| molecular characterization of ehrlichia interactions with tick cells and macrophages. | several tick-transmitted anaplasmataceae family rickettsiales of the genera ehrlichia and anaplasma have been discovered in recent years. some species are classified as pathogens causing emerging diseases with growing health concern for people. they include human monocytic ehrlichiosis, human granulocytic ewingii ehrlichiosis and human granulocytic anaplasmosis which are caused by ehrlichia chaffeensis, e. ewingii and anaplasma phagocytophilum, respectively. despite the complex cellular environm ... | 2009 | 19273271 |
| an entropy-optimized multilocus approach for characterizing the strains of anaplasma phagocytophilum infecting horses in the czech republic. | anaplasma phagocytophilum is a tick-borne rickettsial pathogen that has measurable genetic heterogeneity across its geographical range and reservoir spectrum. in the present study, publicly available sequences of the genes that have prevailingly been used for typing a. phagocytophilum were analysed to identify the segments giving the highest resolution with respect to the predictability of host and geographical provenances of the strains. selected partial sequences of 16s rrna, grol, msp4 and an ... | 2009 | 19273636 |
| reptile infection with anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agent of granulocytic anaplasmosis. | granulocytic anaplasmosis (ga) is a potentially fatal tick-borne rickettsial disease that occurs sporadically in the far western united states. we evaluated the prevalence of anaplasma phagocytophilum in multiple species of lizards and snakes from enzootic sites in northern california, described the infestation prevalence of its tick vector ixodes pacificus on reptiles, and conducted an experimental challenge of western fence lizards (sceloporus occidentalis) and pacific gopher snakes (pituophis ... | 2009 | 19281295 |
| carriage of rickettsia spp., coxiella burnetii and anaplasma spp. by endemic and migratory wild birds and their ectoparasites in cyprus. | 2009 | 19281460 | |
| cholesterol-dependent anaplasma phagocytophilum exploits the low-density lipoprotein uptake pathway. | in eukaryotes, intracellular cholesterol homeostasis and trafficking are tightly regulated. certain bacteria, such as anaplasma phagocytophilum, also require cholesterol; it is unknown, however, how this cholesterol-dependent obligatory intracellular bacterium of granulocytes interacts with the host cell cholesterol regulatory pathway to acquire cholesterol. here, we report that total host cell cholesterol increased >2-fold during a. phagocytophilum infection in a human promyelocytic leukemia ce ... | 2009 | 19283084 |
| genetic diversity of anaplasma marginale in argentina. | bovine anaplasmosis caused by anaplasma marginale is a worldwide major constraint to cattle production. the a. marginale major surface protein 1 alpha (msp1alpha) gene contains a variable number of tandem repeats in the amino terminal region and has been used for the characterization of pathogen genetic diversity. this study reports the first characterization of a. marginale genetic diversity in argentina based on msp1alpha genotypes and its putative relationship with rhipicephalus (boophilus) m ... | 2009 | 19285808 |
| comparative moleculo-immunological analysis of swamp- and riverine-type water buffaloes responses. | this moleculo-epidemiological and immunological study through cytokine response assessment was done to know the dynamics of cytokines in the initiation, persistence and association to physiological changes of a particular pathogen in water buffaloes. this is important to understand the magnitude and behavior of disease progression. water buffalo blood samples gathered from different places in the philippines revealed a 9.4%, 27.6%, 10.3% and 4.4% prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), ... | 2009 | 19285880 |
| molecular characterisation of two strains of anaplasma platys in brazil. | 2009 | 19287032 | |
| isolated fever in horses: a new case of equine anaplasmosis in france. | 2009 | 19298402 | |
| first detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum-like dna in the french izard rupricapra pyrenaica. | 2009 | 19298404 | |
| dynamics of natural infection by anaplasma phagocytophilum in a dairy cattle herd in brittany, france. | 2009 | 19298405 | |
| characterization of p44/msp2 multigene family of anaplasma phagocytophilum from two different tick species, ixodes persulcatus and ixodes ovatus, in japan. | anaplasma phagocytophilum, which belongs to the order rickettsiales, is an obligate intracellular bacterium and causes an emerging, tickborne, and febrile infectious disease, anaplasmosis, in humans and other mammals. this bacterium expresses a variety of 44-kda immunodominant proteins encoded by the p44/msp2 multigene family on the surface for the purpose of avoiding the host immune defense due to the antigenic variation. in japan, little is known about the molecular and biological features of ... | 2009 | 19305056 |
| silencing of host cell cybb gene expression by the nuclear effector anka of the intracellular pathogen anaplasma phagocytophilum. | coevolution of intracellular bacterial pathogens and their host cells resulted in the appearance of effector molecules that when translocated into the host cell modulate its function, facilitating bacterial survival within the hostile host environment. some of these effectors interact with host chromatin and other nuclear components. in this report, we show that the anka protein of anaplasma phagocytophilum, which is translocated into the host cell nucleus, interacts with gene regulatory regions ... | 2009 | 19307214 |
| reservoir competence of the redwood chipmunk (tamias ochrogenys) for anaplasma phagocytophilum. | granulocytic anaplasmosis (ga) is an emerging tick-transmitted disease that persists in rodent- ixodes ricinus-complex tick cycles across the holarctic. although the putative reservoir for anaplasmosis in the western united states is the dusky-footed woodrat (neotoma fuscipes), this rodent was not shown reservoir-competent because of failure of infection from woodrats to other animals via ticks. redwood chipmunks are common in habitats where anaplasma phagocytophilum is common, have high pcr- an ... | 2009 | 19327022 |
| a possible systemic rheumatic disorder in the nova scotia duck tolling retriever. | a disease complex with chronic musculoskeletal signs, including stiffness and joint pain, and to which there is a strong predisposition in the canine breed nova scotia duck tolling retriever (toller) has been recognized in sweden. the aim of this first clinical description of the disorder in tollers was to describe the clinical manifestations and laboratory findings, as well as to try to identify a possible immune-mediated background of the disease and to show the outcome of treatment in 33 toll ... | 2009 | 19331658 |
| correlation between tick density and pathogen endemicity, new hampshire. | to assess the endemicity of tick-borne pathogens in new hampshire, we surveyed adult tick vectors. pathogens were more prevalent in areas of high tick density, suggesting a correlation between tick establishment and pathogen endemicity. infection rates in ticks correlated with disease frequency in humans. | 2009 | 19331738 |
| seroprevalence estimation and management factors associated with high herd seropositivity for anaplasma marginale in commercial dairy farms of puerto rico. | a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine individual cow seroprevalence of anaplasma marginale in adult lactating dairy cattle of puerto rico (pr) and to assess the associations of farm management factors on herd seroprevalence. antibody activity against a. marginale was determined using the msp-5 competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. serum samples were obtained from 2,414 adult lactating dairy cattle from 76 randomly selected commercial dairy farms. herd seroprevalence ranged ... | 2009 | 19337849 |
| anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi in rabbits from southeastern china. | a total of 54 wild rabbits captured from southeastern china were examined for anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays. one and three samples were positive for a. phagocytophilum and b. burgdorferi, respectively. sequence analyses of pcr products identified a variant of a. phagocytophilum and a b. garinii genotype. this is the first detection of the two tick-borne agents in chinese rabbits, the role of which in the maintenance of the ... | 2009 | 19345508 |
| human ehrlichiosis: a case study. | ehrlichiosis is an infection of white blood cells that affects various mammals, including mice, cattle, dogs, and humans. it was first reported in dogs in 1935, and the first human case was documented in the united states in 1986. ehrlichia are obligate, intracellular bacteria that are transmitted by ticks to humans. they grow as a cluster (morula) in neutrophils (anaplasma phagocytophilum and e. ewingii) and in monocytes (e. chaffeensis). the infection may cause prolonged fever and general ache ... | 2009 | 19354021 |
| detection of the dna of borrelia afzelii, anaplasma phagocytophilum and babesia canis in blood samples from dogs in warsaw. | each month, from march 2003 to february 2004, 34 blood samples from dogs were randomly selected from the blood samples delivered to two veterinary laboratories in warsaw and tested for the dna of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum, babesia canis and hepatozoon canis. borrelia dna was detected in seven of the 408 dogs, a phagocytophilum dna was found in two, and b canis dna was found in 48 (11.8 per cent). the dna of h canis was not found in any of the blood samples. seque ... | 2009 | 19363228 |
| a 78-year-old man with the "summer flu" and cytopenias. | 2009 | 19374559 | |
| anaplasma phagocytophilum is not an aetiological agent of fever of intermediate duration in gran canaria (spain). | 2009 | 19374638 | |
| serology, pcr and culture of ehrlichia/anaplasma species in asymptomatic and symptomatic cats from central spain. | 2009 | 19374640 | |
| differential impairment of neutrophil function by strains of anaplasma phagocytophilum. | 2009 | 19374649 | |
| anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in patients with early lyme borreliosis, erythema migrans, in north-eastern poland. | 2009 | 19374650 | |
| update on emerging infections: news from the centers for disease control and prevention. anaplasma phagocytophilum transmitted through blood transfusion - minnesota 2007. | 2009 | 19380038 | |
| viability assays of intra-erythrocytic organisms using fluorescent dyes. | three intra-erythrocytic tick fever organisms of cattle (babesia bovis, babesia bigemina and anaplasma centrale) were subjected to a range of stressors, including heat, storage over time, specific chemotherapy and cryopreservation. various stains, both alone and in combination, were used in an attempt to assess viability of these organisms before and after the stressors were applied. carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (cfse) stained live babesia spp. very well while fluorescein diac ... | 2009 | 19380205 |
| serological and molecular detection of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and anaplasmataceae in rodents. | the presence of anaplasma spp. and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in rodents from eastern slovakia were followed by serological and molecular methods. the seroprevalence for borrelia was detected in 16.6 %, for anaplasmataceae (apt) in 13.2 % and co-occurrence of borrelia and apt in 7.5 %. out of 110 ear biopsies of rodents, 5 were b. afzelii-positive. five biopsies tested positive with the ehr521-ehr747 primers amplifying all the members of the family apt. a. phagocytophilum was detected in 1. ... | 2009 | 19381473 |
| clinical and haematological features in anaplasma phagocytophilum seropositive dogs. | 2009 | 19392892 | |
| anaplasma in ticks feeding on migrating birds and questing ticks in lithuania and norway. | 2009 | 19392894 | |
| ecology of anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in gray foxes (urocyon cinereoargenteus) in northwestern california. | although granulocytic anaplasmosis, caused by infection of anaplasma phagocytophilum, is an emerging human and domestic animal disease, the ecology and natural history of the parasite is not well understood. gray foxes (urocyon cinereoargenteus) are relatively common, occasionally peri-urban mesocarnivores whose geographic distribution overlaps the reported distribution of granulocytic anaplasmosis in humans and domestic animals in north america. we evaluated the potential of foxes as hosts and ... | 2009 | 19395744 |
| ticks and tick-borne pathogens from wildlife in the free state province, south africa. | eight ixodid tick species, associated with 59 free-ranging mammals belonging to 10 species, were collected at five different localities in the free state province, south africa. four of the study areas were nature reserves (willem pretorius, sandveld, tussen-die-riviere, and soetdoring), and one site was a private farm located in senekal district. the collection was performed from march 2006 until june 2006. ticks (n=569) and tissues from animals (n=52) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction ... | 2009 | 19395753 |
| distinct ecologically relevant strains of anaplasma phagocytophilum. | 2009 | 19402993 | |
| ticks and tick-borne pathogens and putative symbionts of black bears (ursus americanus floridanus) from georgia and florida. | ticks were collected from 38 black bears (ursus americanus floridanus) from northwestern florida (n = 18) from 2003 to 2005 and southern georgia (n = 20) in 2006. five species (amblyomma americanum, a. maculatum, dermacentor variabilis, ixodes scapularis, and i. affinis) were collected from florida bears, and 4 species (a. americanum, a. maculatum, d. variabilis, i. scapularis) were collected from bears in georgia. ixodes scapularis was the most frequently collected tick, followed by d. variabil ... | 2009 | 19413369 |
| first report of trypanosoma vivax infection in dairy cattle from costa rica. | an outbreak of haemoparasitoses occurred from october 2007 to july 2008 in cattle from the district of rio cuarto, province of alajuela, costa rica. fifty animals of various ages out of 450 brown swiss were affected. the animals presented fever, severe anemia, jaundice, abortion or premature birth, loss of appetite, decrease milk production and accentuated weight loss in a short period of time. haemoparasites were observed in the blood smears: anaplasma marginale was present in 17 animals (60.7% ... | 2009 | 19414224 |
| evidence of bartonella spp., rickettsia spp. and anaplasma phagocytophilum in domestic, shelter and stray cat blood and fleas, portugal. | 2009 | 19416279 | |
| prevalence of anaplasma species and habitat suitability for ticks in sicily. | 2009 | 19416281 | |
| isolation of coxiella burnetii from the blood of a patient with positive anaplasma phagocytophilum serological results. | 2009 | 19416284 | |
| concomitant human granulocytic anaplasmosis and lyme neuroborreliosis. | 2009 | 19416290 | |
| cerebrospinal fluid pcr and antibody concentrations against anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in dogs with neurological signs. | the tick-borne bacteria borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (sl) and anaplasma phagocytophilum have been suspected to cause neurological signs in dogs. diagnosis often has been made based on positive antibody titers in serum of dogs with neurological signs, but a high seroprevalence in dogs in at-risk populations makes diagnosis difficult. | 2009 | 19422467 |
| molecular evidence of anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in wild cervids and feeding ixodes ricinus ticks from west-central poland. | 2009 | 19438657 | |
| phylogentic analysis of anaplasma ovis strains isolated from sheep and goats using groel and mps4 genes. | evidence of anaplasma spp. in goats and sheep in cyprus has been demonstrated by previous research. herein, further research was performed for the identification of the exact anaplasma spp. resulting in the identification of anaplasma ovis strains in all samples examined. we used a bioinformatics as well as a molecular approach (study of groel and mps4 genes) in order to verify the validity of the results. all samples depicted the presence of a. ovis regardless of the host (goat or sheep). | 2009 | 19443140 |
| a molecular and serological study of exposure to tick-borne pathogens in sick dogs from italy. | 2009 | 19456799 | |
| sub-clinical infection of dogs from the ivory coast and gabon with ehrlichia, anaplasma, mycoplasma and rickettsia species. | 2009 | 19456802 | |
| spotted fever rickettsiae, ehrlichia and anaplasma, in ticks from peridomestic environments in panama. | 2009 | 19456809 | |
| diversity of groesl sequences of anaplasma phagocytophilum among dogs in slovenia. | 2009 | 19456815 | |
| first evidence of anaplasma infection in crete, greece. report of six human cases. | 2009 | 20584160 | |
| the prevalence of anaplasma phagocytophilum in host-seeking ixodes ricinus ticks in norway. | 2009 | 20584162 | |
| a 4-year study of anaplasma phagocytophilum in portugal. | 2009 | 20584163 | |
| anaplasma phagocytophilum propagation is enhanced in human complement-containing medium. | 2009 | 20584164 | |
| detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum in wild boar in slovenia. | 2009 | 20584165 | |
| human granulocytic anaplasmosis: first reported case in canada. | human granulocytic anaplasmosis (hga) is a tick-borne rickettsial infection of peripheral blood neutrophils caused by anaplasma phagocytophilum. while this infection is increasingly recognized as endemic throughout much of the united states, no canadian cases have been previously described, despite the agent being identified in canadian ticks. herein we present a case of hga acquired in an urban alberta centre. canadian physicians must be aware of the possibility of tick-borne rickettsial diseas ... | 2009 | 20808448 |
| [transfer of exotic ticks (acari: ixodida) on reptiles (reptilia) imported to poland]. | in the of period 2003-2007, a total of 382 specimens of reptiles belonging to the following genera were investigated: testudo, iguana, varanus, gongylophis, python, spalerosophis, psammophis. the material for the present study was a collection of reptiles owned by the "animals" ltd from swietochłowice (upper silesia, poland), specialising in import of exotic animals to poland, as well as the reptile collections of private breeders. the reptiles that turned out to be the most heavily infected wit ... | 2009 | 20066784 |
| [ehrlichiosis/anaplasmosis]. | ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis are zoonoses caused by bacteria from the family anaplasmataceae, including human and animal pathogens. the human pathogens are ehrlichia chaffeensis, the causative agent of human monocytic ehrlichiosis (hme), anaplasma phagocytophilum, the pathogen causing human granulocytic anaplasmosis (hga), e. ewingii and neorickettsia sennetsu, granulocytotropic and monocytotropic ehrlichia species, respectively. ehrlichia spp. are small, gram-negative, obligate intracellular b ... | 2009 | 20077398 |
| subacute transverse myelitis with lyme profile dissociation. | transverse myelitis is a very rare neurologic syndrome with an incidence per year of 1-5 per million population. we are presenting an interesting case of subacute transverse myelitis with its mri (magnetic resonance imaging) and csf (cerebrospinal fluid) findings. | 2008 | 19675732 |
| characterization of 'candidatus neoehrlichia lotoris' (family anaplasmataceae) from raccoons (procyon lotor). | recently, a novel ehrlichial organism was isolated from a raccoon (procyon lotor) and the isolate (rac413) was infectious to two naïve raccoons but not laboratory mice, rats or rabbits. in this study, amplification and sequencing of four gene targets (16s rrna gene, groesl, glta and rpob) confirmed that the novel ehrlichial organism was a member of the family anaplasmataceae and was most closely related to, but distinct from, 'candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis' tk4456(r) and is58. rac413 shared ... | 2008 | 19060060 |
| [cross-reaction evaluation of pcr-anaplasma platys positive dogs tested to anaplasma phagocytophilum antibodies by commercial elisa]. | anaplasma platys, agent of canine cyclic thrombocytopenia parasites exclusively dogs platelets. its probable vector is the tick rhipicephalus sanguineus. among the existent diagnostic methods, the most used include: morulae identification in blood smears; antibody detection by indirect immunofluorescence; or dna amplification by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). recently a new commercial elisa (idexx®), capable of detecting a. phagocytophilum antibodies, has been developed. according to the manuf ... | 2008 | 20059806 |
| [seasonal dynamics of amblyomma ticks (acari:ixodidae) in an urban park of londrina city, parana, brazil]. | ticks are important to public health due to diseases they transmit to animals and humans and, economic losses they cause to livestock production. among other agents, such as babesia, ehrlichia, anaplasma, the rickettsia are the most important pathogens transmitted by ticks in brazil. worldwide there are about 870 tick species described and, of these, 55 species were already reported in brazil, being the genus amblyomma the most numerous with 33 species. the a. cajennense is the principal tick in ... | 2008 | 20059815 |
| [effects of the oxitetracycline in the increase of the packed cell volume of cows milk jugs during outbreak of bovine anaplasmosis]. | this research was performed to study the effects of oxytetracicline l.a., in unique dose, in the reconstitution of the packed cell volume (pcv) from animals clinically affected by anaplasmosis. were utilized 152 holstein frisian cows, of first lactation with age group varying between three and four years old. the animals were classified according to the presence of anaplasma marginale in the circulation and percentage of pcv as: chronic infection (pcve24%) and clinical (pcv<23%) constituting gro ... | 2008 | 20059824 |
| outer membrane protein sequence variation in lambs experimentally infected with anaplasma phagocytophilum. | anaplasma phagocytophilum has long been known to cause tick-borne fever in ruminants and has been identified more recently as the causative agent of the emerging disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis. the related organism anaplasma marginale uses gene conversion of the expression site for two major outer membrane proteins (omps) to generate extensive sequence and antigenic variation in these omps. this is thought to present a continuously varying repertoire of epitopes to the mammalian host an ... | 2008 | 17967854 |
| subversion of cellular autophagy by anaplasma phagocytophilum. | anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis, is an obligatory intracellular pathogen. after entry into host cells, the bacterium is diverted from the endosomal pathway and replicates in a membrane-bound compartment devoid of endosomal or lysosomal markers. here, we show that several hallmarks of early autophagosomes can be identified in a. phagocytophilum replicative inclusions, including a double-lipid bilayer membrane and colocalization with gfp-tagged lc3 ... | 2008 | 17979984 |
| molecular characterization of thai ehrlichia canis and anaplasma platys strains detected in dogs. | canine monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by ehrlichia canis is of veterinary importance worldwide. in thailand, there has been little information available on e. canis and its phylogeny. the objective of this study was to characterize and establish molecular structure and phylogeny of thai ehrlichia and anaplasma strains. genus-specific primers for ehrlichia and anaplasma were used to amplify the 16s rrna gene from naturally infected canine blood samples, and these amplicon sequences were compared w ... | 2008 | 17643354 |
| differential exposure to anaplasma phagocytophilum in rodent species in northern california. | anaplasma phagocytophilum is a zoonotic tick-borne rickettsial pathogen that causes granulocytic anaplasmosis (ga) in humans, horses, and dogs. in california, dusky-footed woodrats (neotoma fuscipes) are a putative reservoir host, and ixodes pacificus is a vector for transmission from rodents to humans, dogs, and horses. cases are clustered in coastal and sierra nevada foothill regions, but not necessarily in proximity to infected woodrats. this study was designed to compare exposures and active ... | 2008 | 18047398 |
| vector-borne infections in cats: molecular study in barcelona area (spain). | previous serological surveys have reported the presence of different organisms in cats from spain but little reports exist about the exact identity of these organisms. the purpose of the study reported here was to assess the presence of dna of several vector-borne infections in a population of cats from barcelona area. one hundred blood samples obtained from cats admitted to the uab-vth were entered into the study and classified as healthy (n=48) or unhealthy (n=52). edta-blood samples were assa ... | 2008 | 18079064 |
| development of a lateral flow assay for rapid detection of bovine antibody to anaplasma marginale. | a rapid lateral flow assay for detection of bovine antibody to anaplasma marginale was developed. the assay used a recombinant peptide of major surface protein 5 as the antigen and a monoclonal antibody specific for bovine igg(1) conjugated with colloidal gold beads for detection. serum and anticoagulated blood samples were obtained from cattle in an area where anaplasmosis was endemic. the samples were selected based on positive identification of the organism in blood smears. the unclotted bloo ... | 2008 | 18080877 |
| physical linkage of naturally complexed bacterial outer membrane proteins enhances immunogenicity. | the outer membrane proteins (omps) of bacterial pathogens are essential for their growth and survival and especially for attachment and invasion of host cells. since the outer membrane is the interface between the bacterium and the host cell, outer membranes and individual omps are targeted for development of vaccines against many bacterial diseases. whole outer membrane fractions often protect against disease, and this protection cannot be fully reproduced by using individual omps. exactly how ... | 2008 | 18086812 |
| sequential analysis of anaplasma phagocytophilum msp2 transcription in murine and equine models of human granulocytic anaplasmosis. | anaplasma phagocytophilum causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis by inducing immunopathologic responses. its immunodominant msp2 protein is encoded by a family of >100 paralogs. msp2 (msp2) expression modulates in the absence of immune pressure, and prolonged in vitro passage modulates in vivo virulence. because programmed msp2 expression occurs in anaplasma marginale, we hypothesized a similar event in a. phagocytophilum in vivo, with specific msp2 expression triggering immunopathologic injury ... | 2008 | 18094110 |
| prevalence of ehrlichia canis, anaplasma platys, babesia canis vogeli, hepatozoon canis, bartonella vinsonii berkhoffii, and rickettsia spp. in dogs from grenada. | to identify the tick-borne pathogens in dogs from grenada, we conducted a serologic survey for ehrlichia canis in 2004 (104 dogs) and a comprehensive serologic and molecular survey for a variety of tick-borne pathogens in 2006 (73 dogs). in 2004 and 2006, 44 and 32 dogs (42.3% and 43.8%) were seropositive for e. canis, respectively. in 2006, several tick-borne pathogens were identified by serology and pcr. dna of e. canis, anaplasma platys, babesia canis vogeli, hepatozoon canis, and bartonella ... | 2008 | 18160223 |
| c-jun nh2-terminal kinase 2 inhibits gamma interferon production during anaplasma phagocytophilum infection. | gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) plays a critical role in the early eradication of anaplasma phagocytophilum. however, the mechanisms that regulate ifn-gamma production upon infection remain poorly understood. here we show that c-jun nh2-terminal kinase 2 (jnk2) inhibits ifn-gamma production during a. phagocytophilum infection. jnk2-null mice were more refractory to infection with a. phagocytophilum and produced increased levels of ifn-gamma after challenge with the pathogen. the resistance of jnk2- ... | 2008 | 17998313 |
| prevalence of seropositivity to spotted fever group rickettsiae and anaplasma phagocytophilum in a large, demographically diverse us sample. | most epidemiologic studies of tick-borne rickettsial diseases in the united states are small and have limited demographic scope, making broader risk assessment difficult. | 2008 | 18171216 |
| expression of perilipin in human promyelocytic cells in response to anaplasma phagocytophilum infection results in modified lipid metabolism. | the obligate intracellular pathogen anaplasma phagocytophilum is transmitted by ticks and causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis, tick-borne fever of ruminants, and equine and canine granulocytic anaplasmosis. in a previous study, the perilipin (plin) gene was identified as one of the genes differentially expressed in human promyelocytic hl-60 cells in response to infection with a. phagocytophilum. plin is a major adipocyte lipid droplet-associated phosphoprotein that plays a central role in lip ... | 2008 | 18201980 |
| high-throughput identification of t-lymphocyte antigens from anaplasma marginale expressed using in vitro transcription and translation. | the ability to rapidly screen a complex pathogen proteome for proteins that elicit recall t-lymphocyte responses from immune individuals would accelerate vaccine development. an outer membrane fraction of the rickettsial pathogen anaplasma marginale induces protective immunity against infection and disease in cattle. we have used this immunization model to evaluate high-throughput screening of proteins expressed by in vitro transcription and translation (ivtt) for recognition by memory cd4(+) t- ... | 2008 | 18243240 |
| role of migratory birds in introduction and range expansion of ixodes scapularis ticks and of borrelia burgdorferi and anaplasma phagocytophilum in canada. | during the spring in 2005 and 2006, 39,095 northward-migrating land birds were captured at 12 bird observatories in eastern canada to investigate the role of migratory birds in northward range expansion of lyme borreliosis, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and their tick vector, ixodes scapularis. the prevalence of birds carrying i. scapularis ticks (mostly nymphs) was 0.35% (95% confidence interval [ci] = 0.30 to 0.42), but a nested study by experienced observers suggested a more realistic infe ... | 2008 | 18245258 |
| unraveling the immune regulatory mechanisms imposed by anaplasma. | 2008 | 17449299 | |
| evidence of anaplasma infections in european roe deer (capreolus capreolus) from southern spain. | anaplasma spp. (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae) are tick-borne pathogens of veterinary and human importance. the wildlife hosts for these pathogens are not well characterized and may play an important role in the epidemiology of the disease. the objective of this research was to study the infection with a. marginale, a. ovis and a. phagocytophilum in free-ranging european roe deer (capreolus capreolus) from cádiz, andalucía, spain. of 17 roe deer tested, 14 (82%) and 5 (29%) had antibodies react ... | 2008 | 17655893 |
| immune evasion and immunosuppression by anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agent of tick-borne fever of ruminants and human granulocytic anaplasmosis. | anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agent of tick-borne fever (tbf) in sheep and cattle and human granulocytic anaplasmosis, has the unique ability to infect and multiply within neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes, cells at the frontline of the immune system. infection with a. phagocytophilum is also characterized by severe leukopenia due to lymphocytopenia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia lasting for several days. by itself tbf does not cause high mortality rates but infected animals a ... | 2008 | 17275372 |
| detection of ehrlichia canis by pcr in different tissues obtained during necropsy from dogs surveyed for naturally occurring canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. | a molecular study for the detection of ehrlichia canis was carried out on tissues obtained at necropsy from randomly selected dogs with the intention of investigating naturally-occurring canine ehrlichiosis. the tissues evaluated for the presence of e. canis included lymph nodes, spleen, liver, bone marrow, and blood. eight of the 18 dogs included were found to be positive for e. canis by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and sequencing of the 16s rrna gene. two dogs were positive for anaplasma pl ... | 2008 | 17368942 |
| human granulocytic anaplasmosis. | tick-borne infections have been recognized in the united states for more than a century. patients who present with nonspecific fever after exposure to ticks should be evaluated by clinical examination and routine laboratory testing to determine if the illness is potentially a tick-borne infection. this article focuses on the diagnosis and management of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (hga) caused by anaplasma phagocytophilum. | 2008 | 18755383 |
| [microorganisms of the order rickettsiales in taiga tick (ixodes persulcatus sch.) from the pre-ural region]. | the pcr and sequence analysis revealed dna ehrlichia muris, anaplasma phagocytophilum, and rickettsia spp. in the i. persulcatus ticks and blood samples from a patients with acute febrile illness occurring after a tick bite, registered in the seasonal peak of the tick activity of one of the highly endemic areas of russia (perm region). these data confirmed the validity a diagnosis of hme and hga, which were made earlier on the basis of the clinical-serologic survey. in 10.0% of the tested taiga ... | 2008 | 18756787 |
| prevalence of tick-borne zoonotic bacteria in questing adult ticks from northern spain. | a total of 691 questing adult ixodid ticks of the genera ixodes, haemaphysalis, dermacentor, and rhipicephalus were tested by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and reverse line blot (rlb) for the presence of anaplasma phagocytophilum, coxiella burnetii, borrelia spp., and spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae. ticks were collected by blanket dragging during 2 sampling years (2003-2005) in 10 recreational areas in the basque country (northern spain). adult ticks were collected every month of the ye ... | 2008 | 18759563 |
| evaluation of sequential coinfection with anaplasma phagocytophilum and anaplasma marginale in cattle. | to determine whether sequelae of infection differed among single versus double infection with anaplasma phagocytophilum or anaplasma marginale, with and without tick salivary extract, in cattle. | 2008 | 18764690 |
| anaplasma phagocytophilum increases cathepsin l activity, thereby globally influencing neutrophil function. | anaplasma phagocytophilum, the agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis, is an unusual obligate intracellular pathogen that persists in neutrophils. a. phagocytophilum increases the binding of a repressor, ccaat displacement protein (cdp), to the gp91(phox) promoter, thereby diminishing the host oxidative burst. we now show that a. phagocytophilum infection also enhances the binding of cdp to the promoters of human neutrophil peptide 1 and c/ebpepsilon--molecules important for neutrophil defense ... | 2008 | 18765732 |
| laboratory maintenance of ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis and recovery of organisms for molecular biology and proteomics studies. | tick-borne illnesses are emerging as a major concern for human health in recent years. these include the human monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by the amblyomma americanum tick-transmitted bacterium, ehrlichia chaffeensis; human ewingii ehrlichiosis caused by ehrlichia ewingii (also transmitted by a. americanum ticks); and human granulocytic anaplasmosis caused by the ixodes scapularis tick-transmitted pathogen, anaplasma phagocytophilum. likewise, tick-borne rickettsial pathogens are also a major ... | 2008 | 18770537 |
| evidence of the importance of host habitat use in predicting the dilution effect of wild boar for deer exposure to anaplasma spp. | foci of tick-borne pathogens occur at fine spatial scales, and depend upon a complex arrangement of factors involving climate, host abundance and landscape composition. it has been proposed that the presence of hosts that support tick feeding but not pathogen multiplication may dilute the transmission of the pathogen. however, models need to consider the spatial component to adequately explain how hosts, ticks and pathogens are distributed into the landscape. in this study, a novel, lattice-deri ... | 2008 | 18714379 |
| evaluation of squirrels (rodentia: sciuridae) as ecologically significant hosts for anaplasma phagocytophilum in california. | granulocytic anaplasmosis (ga), caused by anaplasma phagocytophilum, is a potentially fatal, emerging rickettsial disease of humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. the purpose of this study was to determine whether sciurids from multiple areas of northern california were infested with ticks or exposed to or infected with a. phagocytophilum using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and indirect-fluorescent antibody (ifa) serology. sciurids of nine different tree- and ground-dwelling species were ass ... | 2008 | 18714881 |
| microbial pathogens in ticks, rodents and a shrew in northern gyeonggi-do near the dmz, korea. | a total of 1,618 ticks [420 individual (adults) and pooled (larvae and nymphs) samples], 369 rodents (apodemus agrarius, rattus norvegicus, tscherskia triton, mus musculus, and myodes regulus), and 34 shrews (crocidura lasiura) that were collected in northern gyeonggi-do near the demilitarized zone (dmz) of korea during 2004-2005, were assayed by pcr for selected zoonotic pathogens. from a total of 420 individual and pooled tick dna samples, anaplasma (a.) phagocytophilum (16), a. platys (16), e ... | 2008 | 18716449 |
| serologic evidence of anaplasma phagocytophilum infections in patients with a history of tick bite in central slovakia. | the aim of this study was to determine the risks of human anaplasmosis in an area of central slovakia endemic for lyme borreliosis. the circulation of anaplasma phagocytophilum in ticks and wild animals has been observed in natural foci in this area for several years. samples of human sera from patients with lyme borreliosis and persons with a history of recent tick bite and clinical symptoms indicating lyme borreliosis were collected in central slovakia. a total of 76 human sera were analyzed u ... | 2008 | 18726669 |
| molecular detection of babesia rossi and hepatozoon sp. in african wild dogs (lycaon pictus) in south africa. | blood specimens from wild dogs (n=301) were obtained from de wildt cheetah and wildlife centre (pretoria) and five game reserves (4 in the north-west province and 1 in limpopo province), south africa. specimens were screened for babesia, theileria, hepatozoon and ehrlichia/anaplasma species using pcr and reverse line blot (rlb) assays. positive results were obtained in 18 (6%) wild dogs. sixteen specimens were found positive for babesia rossi and two dogs were hepatozoon sp. positive. it appears ... | 2008 | 18752897 |
| competitive exclusion between piroplasmosis and anaplasmosis agents within cattle. | 2008 | 18225951 | |
| superinfection as a driver of genomic diversification in antigenically variant pathogens. | a new pathogen strain can penetrate an immune host population only if it can escape immunity generated against the original strain. this model is best understood with influenza viruses, in which genetic drift creates antigenically distinct strains that can spread through host populations despite the presence of immunity against previous strains. whether this selection model for new strains applies to complex pathogens responsible for endemic persistent infections, such as anaplasmosis, relapsing ... | 2008 | 18252822 |
| anaplasma phagocytophilum-induced gene expression in both human neutrophils and hl-60 cells. | anaplasma phagocytophilum (ap), the etiologic agent of the tick-borne disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis, is an obligate intracellular pathogen unique in its ability to target and replicate within neutrophils. we define and compare the spectra of host gene expression in response to ap infection of human neutrophils and of hl-60 cells using long (70-mer)-oligonucleotide array technology. in addition to apoptosis-related genes, genes involved in signaling pathways, transcriptional regulation, ... | 2008 | 18603403 |