Publications

fidelity in transcription assessed by dna-dependent rna polymerases.	the use of in vitro transcription of polynucleotides by prokaryotic and eukaryotic dna-dependent rna polymerases has proven of great usefulness in detecting mutagenic base modifications. quite similar results are obtained with ribo- and deoxyribopolymers as templates, and with mg2+ and mn2+ at optimal concentrations. recent studies have centered on polymers containing etheno c, as well as its hydrated form. these modifications are of particular interest, since they are the consequence of metabol ...	1982	6814508
chemotactic factors for bovine leukocytes.	an agarose method was used to determine the nature of chemotaxins for bovine leukocytes as related to coliform mastitis. freshly collected bovine serum or plasma was frequently chemotactic, probably due to spontaneous complement activation. fresh serum was always rendered chemotactic when activated with zymosan or when heat-killed or viable coliform bacteria were incubated in the serum. the bacteria did not contribute to preexisting activity in the serum. escherichia coli grown in synthetic medi ...	1982	6816108
glutaredoxin from calf thymus. purification to homogeneity.	the protein glutaredoxin, required for gsh-dependent ribonucleotide reduction, has been purified to homogeneity from calf thymus. the preparative method consisted of ammonium sulfate precipitation and three chromatography steps on deae-cellulose, sephadex g-50, and cm-sepharose. calf thymus glutaredoxin was assayed on the basis of its inherent gsh-disulfide transhydrogenase activity. glutaredoxin, purified 3000-fold was demonstrated to be homogeneous by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and hig ...	1982	7045093
the biotyping of escherichia coli isolated from healthy farm animals.	a total of 2973 escherichia coli, isolated from six different groups of animals, were examined for their ability to ferment adonitol, dulcitol, raffinose, rhamnose and sorbose in solid media. twenty-nine fermentation patterns were recorded although 2443 (82%) of the e. coli belonged to seven of the 32 possible biotypes. ninety-six o-serotypes were identified within the 2973 e. coli. the number of o-serotypes represented in the 15 most common biotypes ranged from three to 15. serotypes o8 and o9 ...	1982	7045219
scanning and transmission electron microscopic study of the small intestine of colostrum-fed calves infected with selected strains of escherichia coli.	colostrum-fed calves were fed milk replacer containing 10(11) enteropathogenic escherichia coli (eec) or nonenteropathogenic e coli (neec). the neec failed to colonize the small intestine or to be associated with the intestinal wall. the eec colonized the middle and caudal portions of the small intestine, and in these areas, 80% of the organisms were associated with the intestinal wall. light, immunofluorescence, scanning, and transmission electron microscopic studies demonstrated a layer of eec ...	1982	7046530
electrical conductivity of milk for detection of mastitis.	the potential value of electrical conductivity of milk as a screening test for subclinical mastitis was evaluated. conductivity of foremilk and of postmilking strippings from 368 quarters of 92 cows was measured. infection status of quarters was determined by bacteriological analysis of strict foremilk samples. infections were classified as by primary or secondary pathogens, depending on the importance of the isolated organism as a mastitis pathogen. somatic cells were counted on foremilk sample ...	1982	7047600
alkaline opening of imidazole ring of 7-methylguanosine. 1. analysis of the resulting pyrimidine derivatives.	column chromatography and spectroscopy have been employed in analyzing pyrimidine derivatives obtained from alkaline-treated 7-methylguanosine (7-meguo). high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) revealed that the alkaline generated products consist predominantly of two forms of ring opened 7-methylguanine (rom7gua) in equal amounts. material from both dowex 50 and sephadex lh-20 columns was readily resolvable into two hplc peaks. the species in one peak appears to be composed of formylated ...	1982	7049418
inhibition of dna polymerase by captan.	captan inhibits dna polymerases of both eukaryotic and prokaryotic sources. when polymerases were employed in assays with various nucleotides as template-primer, no specificity in the base sequence of polynucleotide was required for inhibition. sucrose gradient centrifugation and preincubation studies showed the inhibition was caused by an irreversible alteration of the polymerase. captan and dna compete for the same site on the polymerase, thus dna can serve a protective role in the elimination ...	1982	7039680
plasma zinc and iron concentrations as measurements for evaluating the influence of endotoxin-neutralizing agents in escherichia coli endotoxin-induced mastitis.	the influence of bacterial lipopolysaccharides on plasma zn and fe concentrations and the endotoxin-neutralizing capacity of polymyxin b was studied in 3 dairy cows. also, the feasibility of using plasma zn and fe concentrations as measurements for evaluating the influence of endotoxin-neutralizing agents in escherichia coli endotoxin-induced mastitis was studied. a positive relationship was ascertained between the dose of endotoxin given intramammarily (imm) and the effect on mean values of pla ...	1982	7041717
the immunosuppressive effects of trichothecenes and cyclochlorotine on the antibody responses in guinea pigs.	immunosuppressive effects of trichothecenes of fusarium solani and fusarium nivale, t-2 toxin and fusarenon-x, and also of a mycotoxin of penicillium islandicum, cyclochlorotine, were studied by measuring the anti-2,4-dinitrophenyl (dnp) antibody responses in guinea pigs immunized with dnp-bovine serum albumin. among these mycotoxins, t-2 toxin alone suppressed strongly the anti-dnp antibody responses at a certain sublethal dose. with other mycotoxins, no effect was observed at any sublethal dos ...	1982	7120038
kinetics of cytochrome b oxidation in antimycin-treated submitochondrial particles.	it has been shown that in bovine heart submitochondrial particles, antimycin and 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline n-oxide (hqno) inhibit the oxidation of nadh, succinate, and reduced ubiquinone incompletely, the uninhibited rate being about 20-40 nmol of substrate oxidized min-1 (mg of protein)-1. by contrast, rotenone, cyanide, bal (2,3-dimercaptopropanol), and 5-n-undecyl-6-hydroxy-4,7-dioxobenzothiazole [trumpower, b. l., & haggerty, j. g. (1980) j. bioenerg. biomembr. 12, 151-164] caused essentia ...	1982	7150580
role of lymphatic vessels in bacterial clearance from early soft-tissue infection.	a popular concept regarding the pathophysiologic characteristics of infection is that early bacterial clearance from tissue is an important host defense mechanism. staphylococcus aureus, s epidermidis, escherichia coli, enterococcus, and klebsiella pneumoniae were radiolabeled with tritiated thymidine and injected subcutaneously into rabbit ears. negligible clearance occurred at five hours, and less than 30% of injected bacteria cleared in 24 hours. lymphatic function measured by clearance with ...	1982	7034674
effects of dietary milk fat (whole milk) and propionic acid on intestinal coliforms and lactobacilli in calves.	calves fed whole milk had 2,000-fold fewer (p less than 0.001) coliforms in the cranial part of the small intestine than did calves fed skim milk (fat removed). calves fed milk with 32 mm added propionic acid had nearly 1,000-fold lower (p less than 0.001) counts of lactobacilli in the entire gastrointestinal tract than did calves fed milk without added propionic acid.	1982	7049020
incidence and treatments of postpartum reproductive problems in a dairy herd.	incidence of assisted births, retained fetal membranes (rfm), and metritis were recorded in one hundred dairy cows from parturition through 14 days post-calving. manual removal of rfm was not attempted. all rfm were excised inside the vulva and observations of natural rfm expulsion were recorded. fifteen of 100 cows (15%) had assisted births, 27 (27%) had rfm, 8 (8%) had primary metritis not associated with other postpartum reproductive problems, and 26 (26%) had secondary metritis. uterine swab ...	1982	16725716
the isolation of antibiotic resistant coliforms from meat and sewage.	beef and pig carcases, meat products, frozen chickens, and sewage were examined in 3 separate surveys for antibiotic resistant coliforms. escherichia coli was isolated from 18 of 50 beef carcases; the numbers were low and resistance was found only to tetracycline. e. coli was isolated from 45 to 50 pig carcases; the numbers were high and showed a range of patterns of multiple antibiotic resistance. in meat products, the proportion of e. coli in contaminating organisms was low, and most resistanc ...	1981	7016108
development of a radioimmunoassay for escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin: comparison with the suckling mouse bioassay.	escherichia coli strains which produce heat-stable enterotoxin (st) are usually identified by demonstrating the production of st. at present, st can be detected only by bioassay methods. recently, we purified e. coli st, which enabled us to develop a radioimmunoassay for st. radioiodination of st was performed by the lactoperoxidase method, which resulted in a high specific activity and retained the biological activity of st. anti-st antisera were raised in goats by injecting the goats with pure ...	1981	7021423
assay of penetrability of bovine papillary duct implanted with escherichia coli endotoxin.	a method has been developed to assay the relative penetrability to a solute of the papillary duct (streak canal) of the bovine teat. escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide endotoxin (1.0 microgram in 2.5 microliter of sterile distilled water) was implanted at a depth of 3 mm from the distal end (papillary orifice) of the papillary duct. if penetration by the irritant occurred after any one of 5 successive daily implantations, the inflammatory response of the mammary gland was detected by a precipit ...	1981	7039434
production and evaluation of antibody to the heat-stable enterotoxin from a human strain of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli.	escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin was coupled to bovine serum albumin by a carbodiimide reagent. antibody to the conjugate was produced by immunization of rabbits. data from radioimmunoassay and infant mouse tests indicate the presence of antibody to the enterotoxin. the antisera can be used in a radioimmunoassay to measure enterotoxin in various fluids.	1981	7039508
antagonistic reactions of the moulds from cattle-feeds in relation of staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli, pathogenic to cattle.		1981	7024798
[ca antibodies (enterobacteriaceae common antigen) in the sera of domestic animals].	using the indirect hemagglutination test, antibodies against enterobacteriaceae common antigen (ca) were tested in the sera of 123 horses, 142 cows, 108 sheep, 142 mature pigs and 60 piglets (3-4 weeks of age). anti ca antibody level and antibody titers for somatic antigens (phenol-water extracts) various serogroups of e. coli (0149, 0138, 0115, 078, 09) and s. typhimurium were compared. ca antibodies in titer equal or higher than 1:15 were found to occur in 100% of the examined horses and cows, ...	1981	7029490
factors influencing the outcome of escherichia coli mastitis in the dairy cow.	eight dairy cows at various stages of lactation were infected in a single mammary quarter with approximately 5 x 10(2) colony-forming units of serum-resistant escherichia coli. the severity of the mastitis which followed depended on the speed at which neutrophils were mobilised in the gland and the opsonic activity of the whey within the gland. newly calved cows tended to be refractory to the presence of irritants in the udder and hence were slow to mobilise defence mechanisms following infectio ...	1981	7031811
[pathomorphology of gastroenteritis in newborn calves].	the morphologic changes were studied in the parenchymal and digestive organs of a total of 39 calves with gastroenteritis from which pathogenic escherichia coli organisms were isolated. a correlation was established between the age of calves and the forms of gastroenteritis manifestation. in 1 to 3-day-old calves 63.6 per cent of the cases presented histologic changes of enteritis, and 36.3 per cent presented the septic form of the disease, while in 4 to 7 day-old calves these forms were present ...	1981	7032052
intramolecular coupling of active sites in the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complexes from bacterial and mammalian sources.	a simple method was developed for assessing the intramolecular coupling of active sites in the lipoate acetyltransferase (e2) component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complexes from escherichia coli, bacillus stearothermophilus and ox heart and pig heart mitochondria. samples of enzyme complex were prepared in which the pyruvate decarboxylase (e1) component was selectively and partly inhibited by treatment with increasing amounts of a transition-state analogue, thiamin thio-thiazolone ...	1981	7032507
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantitation of immunoglobulin g bound to escherichia coli.	two strains of escherichia coli were opsonized by incubation in heat-inactivated bovine blood serum and in whey. the opsonized bacteria were then immobilized by complexing with anti-bovine antibodies previously coated to walls of polystyrene tubes. the amount of bovine immunoglobulin (ig) g in the immobilized complex was then determined by a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using peroxidase as enzyme. thus, a direct measurement of one class of opsonic substances on the surface of the or ...	1981	7034599
interactions of lipopolysaccharides, glycolipid, lipid a with acid soluble basement membrane collagen during thermal aggregation.	lipopolysaccharides derived from a number of escherichia coli and salmonella species were incorporated into thermal aggregates acid soluble basement membrane collagens. although most of these endotoxins were noted to inhibit basement membrane collagen aggregation, some lipopolysaccharides possessed little or no inhibitory properties. however, the lipid a derived from all of the latter lipopolysaccharides and the glycolipid from salmonella minnesota r595 were noted to be significant inhibitors of ...	1981	7049550
a survey of antibiotic resistance of escherichia coli isolated from farm animals in great britain from 1971 to 1977.	a total of 94,827 escherichia coli strains isolated from cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry during the years 1971 to 1977 were tested for resistance to six antibiotics using a disc diffusion technique. the percentage of strains resistant to chloramphenicol (10 microgram), streptomycin (10 microgram), tetracycline (10 microgram), neomycin (10 microgram) and furazolidone (15) were 16.8, 53.9, 42.7, 18 and 10.9 per cent, respectively; 52.2 per cent of strains (1971 and 1972) were resistant to 2 microg ...	1981	7020230
experimental intramammary infection of the dairy cow with escherichia coli during the nonlactating period.	the nonlactating mammary gland was experimentally inoculated with escherichia coli. during the first half of the nonlactating period, 32% of 34 inoculated glands were temporarily infected. all intramammary infections were eradicated by the cow without therapy and no signs of mastitis were observed. during the 30 days before parturition occurred, 88% of 42 inoculated glands in the cows became infected. twenty-three intramammary infections were eradicated by the cow and infection in 14 glands pers ...	1981	7020495
somatic and capsular factors of coliforms which affect resistance to bovine serum bactericidal activity.	killing of bacteria which cause acute coliform mastitis was studied in vitro, using serum without exogenous complement. using 10% freshly collected whole serum, it was found that some strains were killed rapidly and could be classified as serum sensitive and others were killed less rapidly and could be classified as intermediate serum sensitive. with other strains, fewer were killed, and then the survivors multiplied; these could be classified as serum resistant. a 50-percentage kill of serum-re ...	1981	7039431
role of platelet serotonin in the canine pulmonary response to endotoxin.	there is evidence suggesting a role for platelet serotonin (5-ht) in the immediate pulmonary response to endotoxin in the dog (j. appl. physiol. 23: 47, 1967). to further define this role, autologous canine platelets were labeled with 5-[14c]ht in vitro and then reinfused. subsequently escherichia coli endotoxin (0.55:b-5, difco), 2.5 mg/kg, was injected. within 5 min dynamic compliance (cl) fell by more than 50%, and nonelastic resistance (rl) increased by more than 200%. despite a 95% decrease ...	1981	7009524
occurrence of proteins immunoreactive with anti-coupling factor b in phosphorylating membrane preparations.	coupling factor b has been isolated from beef heart mitochondria, apparently in multiple forms which differ in molecular weight and specific activity. since it has no known intrinsic catalytic activity, detection and quantitation have been based upon the factor b-dependent stimulation of atp-linked activities in factor b-deficient sub-mitochondrial particles. this communication reports the development of a reliable and more universally applicable enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for det ...	1981	7284357
fluorescence-determined preferential binding of quinacrine to dna.	quinacrine complexes with native dna (calf thymus, micrococcus lysodeikticus, escherichia coli, bacillus subtilis, and colstridium perfringens) and synthetic polynucleotides (poly(da) . poly(dt), poly[d(a-t)] . poly[d(a-t)], poly(dg) . poly(dc) and poly[d(g-c)] . poly[d(g-c)]) has been investigated in solution at 0.1 m nacl, 0.05 m tris hcl, 0.001 m edta, ph 7.5, at 20 degrees c. fluorescence excitation spectra of complexes with dye concentration d = 5-30 microm and dna phosphate concentration p ...	1981	7326321
control of electron transfer in the cytochrome system of mitochondria by ph, transmembrane ph gradient and electrical potential. the cytochromes b-c segment.	1. a study is presented of the effects of ph, transmembrane ph gradient and electrical potential on oxidoreductions of b and c cytochromes in ox heart mitochondria and 'inside-out' submitochondrial particles. 2. kinetic analysis shows that, in mitochondria at neutral ph, there is a restraint on the aerobic oxidation of cytochrome b566 with respect to cytochrome b562. valinomycin plus k+ accelerates cytochrome b566 oxidation and retards net oxidation of cytochrome b562. at alkaline ph the rate of ...	1981	7305997
synthesis of alpha- and beta-glycosides containing spin labels, as probes for studies of carbohydrate-protein interaction.	nitroxide spin-labeled alpha-d-glycopyranosides were synthesized in good yield and in a highly stereoselective manner by reaction of per-o-benzyl-alpha-d-glycopyranosyl bromides with 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinol under the bromide ion-catalyzed conditions devised by lemieux et al. after hydrogenolysis, the deblocked intermediates were oxidized to give the desired, spin-labeled alpha-d-glycopyranosides. nitroxide spin-labeled beta-d-glycopyranosides, as well as a beta-maltoside, were synthesi ...	1981	6786748
cyclic amp and permeability coefficient of albumin of the isolated rat mesentery. effects of escherichia coli endotoxin.	we have investigated the mechanisms whereby escherichia coli endotoxin exerts its exudative effects, by using an isolated rat mesentery placed as a separation membrane between the two compartments of a diffusion cell. the permeability coefficient of albumin (pa) can be easily computed from the equilibration rate of 125i-labeled albumin added to one compartment. e. coli endotoxin increased pa in a concentration-related manner. direct measurements revealed an early and transient increase in cyclic ...	1981	6261834
effects of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection on bovine polymorphonuclear leukocyte function.	four procedures were used to evaluate the function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) isolated from the blood of cattle experimentally infected with bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus: (1) uptake of am emulsion of paraffin oil and escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, (2) nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, (3) chemiluminescence, and (4) iodination, or the conversion of iodide to a trichloroacetic acid-precipitable form. a marked impairment of iodination was consistently observed after infection w ...	1981	6266288
enzymatic mechanisms of dna repair.	dna repair proficiency in cells is expressed by various enzymes which can recognize damaged sites arising from exogenous agents or endogenous conditions. either a damaged base is recognized by dna glycosylases, partially removed by hemi-dna glycosylases acting on diadduct damage, or direct incision of the phosphodiester bond near the damaged site. incision at those apurinic or apyrimidinic sites arising from depurination-depyrimidination or glycosylase reactions is effected by apurinic or apyrim ...	1981	6281649
adhesion of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli in humans and animals.	enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), an important cause of diarrhoea in humans and animal, require accessory virulence properties in addition to enterotoxin to manifest virulence. several classes of pili (hair-like protein surface organelles) promote adhesion of etec to small intestinal mucosa. antibody directed against adhesion pili interferes with colonization of the small intestine and prevents disease. this paper reviews studies with purified k88, k99 and 987 type pili used as parenteral ...	1981	6114818
bactericidal activity of bovine serum against escherichia coli isolated from the environment in 3 herds of dairy cows.		1981	6179401
the evolution of alpha-fetoprotein and albumin. i. a comparison of the primary amino acid sequences of mammalian alpha-fetoprotein and albumin.	the amino acid sequence of mouse alpha-fetoprotein has been deduced from the nucleotide sequence of its mrna and three chimeric plasmids containing overlapping segments of its cdna. a comparison of the amino acid sequence with that of either human and bovine albumin reveals in each case a 32% conservation of primary sequence. in addition, using the regularly spaced positions of cystine bridges, a 2-dimensional structure was generated, which revealed the presence of 3 closely related domains with ...	1981	6161929
immunological properties of escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxins: development of a radioimmunoassay specific for heat-stable enterotoxins with suckling mouse activity.	antiserum was raised against the purified heat-stable enterotoxin (st) produced by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strain 431, a class ii porcine enteropathogen. the antiserum was used to examine the antigenic determinants of sts produced by enterotoxigenic strains of different host origins and develop a sensitive radioimmunoassay specific for st having biological activity in suckling mice and piglets (sta). the antiserum neutralized one effective dose of toxin at a dilution of 1:5,000 and neut ...	1981	6167519
the early pathogenesis of bovine mastitis due to escherichia coli.	the pathogenesis of coliform mastitis was studied after infusing each of ten lactating quarters of three dairy cows with a large dose (ca. 1 x 10(9) colony-forming units) of virulent escherichia coli strain b117. this approach was adopted first to maximize the chance of observing microscopic lesions in the tissues of a gland and secondly to overwhelm the differences that might be shown between animals in their response to the infection. the infected glands were examined at intervals of up to 4 h ...	1980	6109290
new haemagglutinating fimbriae on escherichia coli strains isolated from urine.	the haemagglutination patterns of 255 urinary escherichia coli isolates were examined with human (a, rh+), bovine, chicken and guinea pig erythrocytes in the presence and absence of d-mannose. the strains were divided into four groups according to their haemagglutination properties. about 40% of the isolated agglutinated human red blood cells in the presence of d-mannose. the haemagglutinin of one of these. e. coli o18a, c: k- strain no. 119 was stable, temperature sensitive, did not develop at ...	1980	6110318
cloning of human papilloma virus genomic dnas and analysis of homologous polynucleotide sequences.	the complete dna genomes of four distinct human papilloma viruses (human papilloma virus subtype 1a [hpv-1a], hpv-1b, hpv-2a, and hpv-4) were molecularly cloned in escherichia coli, using the certified plasmid vector pbr322. the restriction endonuclease patterns of the cloned hpv-1a and hpv-1b dnas were similar to those already published for uncloned dnas. physical maps were constructed for hpv-2a dna and hpv-4 dna, since these viral dnas had not been previously mapped. by using the cloned dnas, ...	1980	6253665
isolation and properties of calmodulin from dictyostelium discoideum.	a calcium-dependent regulatory protein (calmodulin) was purified from vegetative amoebae of dictyostelium discoideum. the properties of dictyostelium calmodulin are similar but not identical to those of bovine brain calmodulin. calmodulin activity was not detected in extracts of saccharomyces cerevisiae or escherichia coli.	1980	6243626
dissociation and reconstitution of membranes synthesizing the peptidoglycan of escherichia coli. lipid dependence of the synthetic enzymes.	the peptidoglycan synthetic enzymes can be dissociated with cholate and licl into components with mobilities on a gel filtration column in the same ranges as bovine serum albumin. the active enzymes can be separated further from the lipids necessary for synthesis by precipitation with ammonium sulfate. the needed lipids stable to hydrolysis with base. a protein needed for peptidoglycan polymerization can be separated from the other synthetic enzymes by hydroxylapatite chromatography.	1980	6244296
the dna polymerase beta reaction with ultraviolet-irradiated dna incised by correndonuclease.	covalently closed circular col e1 dna was ultraviolet-irradiated with a dose of 60 j/m2, thus introducing about 3.2 pyrimidine dimers per dna molecule. treatment of irradiated col e1 dna with micrococcus luteus correndonuclease resulted, in the vicinity of pyrimidine dimers, in an average of 3.3 incisions per dna molecule, and converted dna to the open circular form. incised col e1 dna stimulated no reaction with calf thymus dna polymerase alpha but was recognized as a template by dna polymerase ...	1980	6250619
rotavirus infections in calves in dairy herds.	neonatal calf diarrhoea was studied in 115 calves of one dairy herd from january 1976 to june 1977. two syndromes could be distinguished: a mild and short lasting 'early diarrhoea' within the first three days of life and a usually more severe 'late diarrhoea' from the fourth to the 14th day of life. the latter type of diarrhoea occurred almost exclusively during the first half of the year. thirty-four out of 45 calves with late diarrhoea excreted rotaviruses, whereas only one of 34 calves with e ...	1980	6258202
identification of a class of lysines within the non-specific dna-binding site of rna polymerase core enzyme from escherichia coli.	the imido ester, methyl acetimidate, which specifically amidinates lysine residues, modifies rna polymerase core enzyme, leading to rapid loss of activity. calf thymus dna partially protects the enzyme against this inactivation, an effect which disappears at high salt concentration. dna protects 17 +/- 6 lysines from amidination at low salt concentration. the dependence of amidination on methyl acetimidate concentration is examined in the presence of dna at high and low salt concentration. analy ...	1980	6804229
the antibiotic activity of the lactoperoxidase-thiocyanate-hydrogen peroxide system in the calf abomasum.	the lactoperoxidase system which had been previously shown to kill gram-negative organisms (eg, coliforms, salmonellae, pseudomonads) in vitro, was found to be activated in vivo. the lactoperoxidase was provided by the milk and the thiocyanate either by the milk or by its secretion in the abomasum. the third factor was provided either by a h2o2 generating system (glucose oxidase and glucose) or by h2o2 producing lactobacilli. the latter occur naturally in large numbers in the abomasum of the cal ...	1980	6990446
fibrin in peritonitis. i. beneficial and adverse effects of fibrin in experimental e. coli peritonitis.	fibrin has classically been considered a defense mechanism of the peritoneal cavity. we have studied the role of purified fibrin in the pathogenesis of intraperitoneal infection. implantation of 0.5% bovine fibrin clots containing 2 x 10(8) e. coli into the rat peritoneal cavity reduces the 24-hour mortality rate from 100% to 0% compared to bacteria in a similar volume of saline solution. however, the 10-day mortality rate with fibrin is 90%; 100% develop intraperitoneal abscesses. animals recei ...	1980	6992321
purification of a low molecular weight non-histone chromosomal protein.	a non-histone chromosomal proteins was extracted from rat liver chromatin with 0.35 m nacl and purified more than 2758 times to near homogeneity by hydroxyapatite, gel filtration, and phosphocellulose chromatography. the final fraction was greater than 95% pure as judged by non-denaturing gel electrophoresis. the protein, designated loosely bound non-histone chromosomal protein 1, had an observed molecular weight of 15 700. this protein was demonstrated to increase the amount of rna synthesized ...	1980	7353013
evidence of species specificity in the cytocidal effects of pasteurella haemolytica.	pasteurella haemolytica was found to have a cytotoxic effect on the peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes of cattle, sheep, and goats, but no effect on the mononuclear leukocytes of swine, horses, or humans. in contrast, escherichia coli caused marked cell death among mononuclear leukocytes of all species tested.	1980	7439998
diffusion-in-gel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dig-elisa): optimal conditions for quantitation of antibodies.	in the diffusion-in-gel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dig-elisa) the quantitation of antibodies is based on their ability to form a diffusion gradient over an antigen-coated polystyrene surface. the antigen-antibody reaction is then visualized by an enzyme-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin. the enzyme-substrate reaction is finally performed by pouring a substrate-containing gel over the polystyrene surface. in this study with bovine serum albumin as antigen and a corresponding rabbit antiserum ...	1980	7462651
evidence of cytocidal effects of pasteurella haemolytica on bovine peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes.	pasteurella haemolytica had a pronounced cytocidal effect on bovine mononuclear leukocytes. mononuclear leukocytes separated from venous blood on ficoll-diatrizoate and incubated with either p haemolytica or escherichia coli showed a significantly greater percentage cell death than did cells incubated with staphylococcus epidermidis or controls. neither heat-killed nor x-irradiated p haemolytica caused a significant percentage cell death. the cytotoxic potential of p haemolytica was dose related ...	1980	7013577
sensitivities of escherichia coli isolated from bovine and porcine enteric infections to antimicrobial antibiotics.	the antibiotic sensitivities of escherichia coli isolated from 91 diarrheal pigs and 98 diarrheal calves were determined to 19 different microbials by the kirby-bauer method. virtually all e coli isolated from pigs and calves were sensitive to amikacin, colistin, gentamicin, and polymyxin b. in vitro minimum inhibitory concentrations for these 4 antibiotics were determined for isolates from both pigs and calves.	1980	7011124
membrane filter contact technique for bacteriological sampling of moist surfaces.	we used a membrane filter contact technique to pick up and grow bacteria from artificially contaminated surfaces. we were able to recover individual colony-forming units (cfu) of staphylococcus aureus from a moist agar surface more efficiently with 3- and 5- micron membrane filters than with rodac plates, velvet pads, velveteen pads, or smaller-pore membrane filters. the effective transfer of bacteria with the 3- and 5-micron membrane filters was 0.96 +/- 0.04 (standard error of the mean) and 0. ...	1980	7014608
[enteropathogenicity of e. coli strains isolated from calves].	by applying the technique of ligated intestinal segments, comparative studies were carried out on the enteropathogenic character of e. coli eliminated from calves. in was proved that the anatomic-topographic position of ligated intestinal segments, as well as the quantity of the innoculated bacterial suspension, exercise an influence on the intensity of intestinal reaction. the first 2.5 m and the last 4 m of the thin intestines are inappropriate for the investigation because of the spurious rea ...	1980	7015684
novel histone h2a-like protein of escherichia coli.	a histone-like protein (h) from escherichia coli has been purified to more than 98% homogeneity by using its capacity to inhibit dna functions. h protein behaves as a dimer of 28,000-dalton subunits. the histone h2a-like properties of h protein are: (i) binding to dna at a stoichiometry of 1 h protein dimer per 75 bases; (ii) abundance of about 30,000 molecules per cell, sufficient to bind about 20% of the chromosome; (iii) limiting digestion of double-stranded dna by micrococcal nuclease; (iv) ...	1980	7001471
intramammary coliform infection after heavy external contamination of teats.	teats of lactating dairy cows were exposed to massive, repeated external contamination by application of a freshly prepared broth culture of escherichia coli that was maintained in wet contact with the teat ends during 14 or 21 successive entire intermilking periods. when contamination was restricted to the intermilking periods by dipping teats in an iodophor germicide before each milking, 18 new intramammary infections occurred among the 93 mammary quarters at risk. the rate of infection achiev ...	1980	7004280
[blood bactericidal activity in calves].	methodical aspects relating to determination of serum-bactericidal capacities were studied, with the view to using them to test the bearing of abiotic environmental factors on defence mechanisms against infections. communicated are methodical experience by which to enhance the methods used to higher accuracy as well as experience regarding biological variance in calf and results obtained from follow-up checks in which antigens were systematically used. reference is made also to other methodical ...	1980	7006553
variation in the susceptibility of bovine mycoplasmas to killing by the alternative complement pathway in bovine serum.	all but one of nine acholeplasma strains were susceptible to killing by gnotobiotic-calf serum while all but one of fifteen mycoplasma strains were resistant. the mechanism of killing was examined using inhibitors of complement, viz. edta. mgegta. epsilon-amino caproic acid, and also by desalting serum and adding mgcl2 and cacl2. the results indicated that, when strains were killed by serum from gnotobiotic calves it was by the alternative complement pathway. however, experiments with mycoplasma ...	1980	7007210
differences in inhibition of the growth of commensal and enteropathogenic strains of escherichia coli by lactotransferrin and secretory immunoglobulin a isolated from human milk.	immunoglobulins from bovine and human colostrum and milk and lactotransferrin (ltf) from human milk were investigated for bacteriostatic activity against escherichia coli growing in a tissue culture medium. when tested separately, ltf or secretory immunoglobulin a (siga) from pooled human milk showed only slight bacteriostatic activity against human commensal or enteropathogenic strains of e. coli. together, they had a considerable bacteriostatic effect, but only against strains of enteropathoge ...	1980	7007213
comparison between milk deprivation and oral rehydration with a glucose-glycine-electrolyte formulation in diarrhoeic and transported calves.	treatment of diarrhoeic calves by oral administration of a glucose-glycine-electrolyte solution (gges) was compared with milk deprivation (water given instead) and with no treatment (milk-fed controls). the diarrhoea followed challenge with enteropathogenic escherichia coli. the gges group showed a significantly lower mortality (5 per cent) in comparison with the controls (37 per cent). the milk-deprived group had a slightly lower mortality (30 per cent) in comparison with the controls. the milk ...	1980	7008333
[infant mouse model of "escherichia coli" infectious diarrhoea (author's transl)].	three enteropathogenic bovine strains of escherichia coli (b41, b44 and 17c), carrying k99 antigen (k99+) and producing heat-stable enterotoxin (ent+), caused infectious diarrhoea when administered orally to swiss of1 and cd-1 infant mice. a mortality rate of 40 t0 60% was obtained after administration of 10 e. coli b41 to mice which were less than 48 h old. a mortality rate of 80 to 100% was obtained with 10(3) e. coli b41, selected as reference inoculum. inoculation of mice older than 48 h wit ...	1980	7008674
structurally unique basic protein coextracted with histones from calf thymus chromatin.	a histone-like protein that is rich in alanine and lysine (protein ak) has been obtained in homogeneous form by high-resolution gel filtration of h2so4 extracts of calf thymus chromatin. protein ak: (i) migrates as a single band in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in both acetic acid/urea and sodium dodecyl sulfate; (ii) is a basic protein; (iii) lacks tryptophan; (iv) is not extracted from chromatin with 0.35 m nacl; and (v) is not soluble in 0.75 m hclo4. protein ak is distinguished from the ...	1980	6929493
responses of b-cells to mitogens and antigen in mice receiving isogenic splenocytes from animals treated with trichinella extract.	splenocytes of c57bl/6j mice injected with a trichinella spiralis larval extract for 7 consecutive days were transferred in two doses into isogenic, immunocompetent mice. on the 3rd day, some recipients were immunized with 10(9) sheep red blood cells and others were killed to investigate blastogenic response of their splenocytes to concanavalin a (con a), escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps), and mycobacterium's purified protein derivative (ppd). on the 8th day of immunization, the correspo ...	1980	6970260
vaccination of cows with a k99 extract to protect newborn calves against experimental enterotoxic colibacillosis.	pregnant cows and heifers were vaccinated with a crude k99 extract prepared from an escherichia coli k-12, k99 strain. a similar group, injected with an extract prepared from the k-12 parent strain, served as a control. eleven calves were born to both groups and challenged orally with a mean of 1.6 x 10(11) bacteria of enterotoxic e. coli b41 (o101:k99+, st+) at the time of first colostrum uptake (1 to 7 h after birth). as a result of challenge, no death occurred in the vaccine group, but four c ...	1980	6987168
the distribution of prostaglandins in afferent and efferent lymph from inflammatory sites.	arachidonic acid labeled with (14)c was injected directly into lymph nodes that had been stimulated at various times with escherichia coli. the efferent lymph was collected, and labeled catabolites were extracted and analyzed chromatographically. the pimary conversion product recovered was prostaglandin e(2) (pge(2)), with the lesser products thromboxane, prostacyclin and prostaglandin f(2alpha) (pgf(2alpha)) also detected. when the efferent lymph was analyzed by radioimmunoassay after subcutane ...	1980	6992593
cloning of dna complementary to bovine prolactin mrna.	we have cloned dna complementary to mrna coding for bovine prolactin (bprl). double-stranded cdna prepared from bovine pituitary mrna was inserted into the pst i site of plasmid bpr322 by the dc x dg tailing technique and amplified in e. coli chi 1776. a recombinant plasmid containing bprl cdna was identified by hybridization to cloned rat prl cdna. it contains cdna corresponding to the region of the mrna coding for the carboxy terminal 101 amino acids of bprl, as well as 42 nucleotides in the 3 ...	1980	6995103
identification of a carbohydrate receptor recognized by uropathogenic escherichia coli.	earlier investigations have shown that pyelonephritic escherichia coli specifically recognize and bind to carbohydrate structures correlated to the p blood group antigens. these findings are confirmed and extended in this study. twenty-two of 23 nonselected e. coli strains from children with acute febrile pyelonephritis failed to agglutinate human erythrocytes lacking the antigens within the p blood group system. only one of 32 faecal isolates exhibited this specific agglutinating property. the ...	1980	6997213
cephamycin c treatment of induced enterotoxigenic colibacillosis (scours) in calves and piglets.	cephamycin c is a beta-lactam antibiotic that has broad gram-negative activity and is resistant to degradation by beta-lactamases and safe for use in animals. in colostrum-fed calves infected with escherichia coli strain b44, cephamycin c administered by gavage at 31.3 to 1,000 mg per calf (0.75 to 24 mg/kg) twice a day for 6 days starting at 20 h post-inoculation eliminated the diarrhea and reduced the mortality from 90% in infected, nonmedicated calves to 14% in infected, medicated calves (p < ...	1980	6999985
the binding of a fluorescent activator 2-(n-decyl)aminonaphthalene-6-sulfonic acid to pyruvate oxidase.	e. coli pyruvate oxidase (pyruvate:ferricytochrome b1 oxidoreductase, ec 1.2.2.2) is a peripheral membrane flavoenzyme which has been purified to homogeneity. in vivo the oxidase resides on the inner surface of the cytoplasmic membrane and is coupled to the bacterial electron transport chain. in vitro, the purified oxidase requires lipids for full enzymatic activity. previous studies have characterized the conformational and energetic coupling between the lipid-binding site(s) and the catalytic ...	1980	7000189
construction and characterization of a cdna clone containing a portion of the bovine prolactin sequence.	poly(a)-containing rna from the bovine anterior pituitary has been used as a template for the enzymatic synthesis of double-stranded cdna. the resulting double-stranded cdna was inserted into the pst i site of pbr322 with the oligo(dg)-oligo(dc) tailing technique and subsequently cloned in e. coli chi 1776. clones containing sequences complementary to prolactin mrna were identified by colony hybridization with partially purified prolactin cdna. a 250 base pair sequence from one prolactin positiv ...	1980	7001369
infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: effects of vaccination on moraxella bovis carrier state in cattle.	a study was conducted to determine whether vaccination of cattle while they were undergoing an acute episode of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (ibk), would cause vaccinated cattle to abort moraxella bovis infection sooner than nonvaccinated cattle. fourteen calves were allotted into two groups of seven calves each, and the eyes of each calf were exposed to a virulent culture of m bovis. twenty days after calves were infected and showing signs of ibk, seven calves were vaccinated with m b ...	1980	7369598
superoxide dismutase from bacillus stearothermophilus. complete amino acid sequence of a manganese enzyme.	superoxide dismutase from the thermophilic bacterium bacillus stearothermophilus is dimeric with a molecular weight of 45 487. it contains one atom manganese(iii) per dimeric molecule [brock, c. j., harris, j. i., & sato, s. (1976) j. mol. biol. 107, 175-178]. the subunits are identical, and the following primary structure comprising 203 amino acids has been determined: (formula: see text) the enzyme is identical in 60% of its residues with the escherichia coli b manganese enzyme [steinman, h. m ...	1980	7397109
the association of the o18, k1 and h7 antigens and the co1v plasmid of a strain of escherichia coli with its virulence and immunogenicity.	from an o18ac:k1:h7 colv+ strain of escherichia coli (designated mw) that had caused meningitis in a human baby, mutant forms were isolated that lacked different combinations of its o, k and h antigens and its colv plasmid. these characters were also transmitted by conjugation to e. coli k12 and the virulence, immunogenicity and other properties of the different forms of both strains were studied. all the forms of the mw strain that lacked either the o18 or k1 antigens or the colv plasmid, but n ...	1980	7021764
the efficacy of teat dips of differing persistence on teat skin in preventing intramammary infection by streptococcus uberis and escherichia coli in dry cows.		1980	7016251
spontaneous emergence of an hfr strain with a cit plasmid from natural isolates of citrate-positive escherichia coli bovine origin.	from citrate-utilizing (cit+) escherichia coli strain c53 of bovine origin, strains c53a and c53b were obtained. upon mating with reca+ but not with reca mutant recipients of k-12, c53a produced chromosomal recombinants at quite high frequencies, leading to the following conclusions: (i) c53a is an hfr strain; (ii) the site of integration of the cit plasmid (inch1) is between meta (89 min) and ara (1 min); (iii) the direction of chromosome transfer is clockwise; and (iv) the plasmid-associated d ...	1980	7009550
[demonstration of enteropathogenic e. coli by the ligated intestinal segment technic].	through the implementation of the technique of ligated intestinal segments with established the enteropathogenic character of strains e. coli, isolated from calves by means of enteritis. the enteropathogenic e. coli provoked dilatation of the ligated intestinal segments on the basis of the enterotoxin produced by them, whereas in the case of the non-enteropathogenic ones such a reaction was not observed. the dilated intestinal segments were filled with an exudate of watery consistency under pres ...	1980	7010769
vaccination of the dam by the intramuscular or deep subcutaneous route to prevent neonatal calf enteric colibacillosis.	comparison of colostrum-induced immunities in calves was made by challenge exposure with escherichia coli. these calves were delivered of cows which were vaccinated intramuscularly or deep subcutaneously (in the region of the mammary lymph nodes) with strain b44 e coli bacterin during the last trimester of pregnancy. the calf of each cow was allowed to nurse colostrum naturally after birth. cows vaccinated by either route of administration were capable of providing increased resistance to their ...	1979	393149
[immunobiological activity of various blood serum fractions from cattle and swine. the dynamics of ig in specific serum against colibacillosis in pigs].	the level of the igm and igg agglutinating antibody specific hyperimmune serum against coli-bacteriosis and its fractions were studied. the serum was obtained at various stages of the preparation, hyperimmunization and exploitation of serum producing swine by using the 2-mercapto-ethanol test. it was established that serum of the total globulin, alpha-beta-globulin and gamma-globulin fractions contains igm and igg agglutinating antibodies against e. coli. these immunoglobulin classes are synthet ...	1979	396718
diethylaminoalkyloxycoumarin and -furocoumarin derivatives.	four series of diethylaminoalkoxyderivatives of coumarin (at the positions 4 and 7) and furocoumarin (at the positions 5 and 8) have been prepared, in order to study their complexing capacity with dna, these compounds having a double possibility of interaction, that is intercalation of the aromatic moiety between two base pairs and formation of an electrostatic bond between their terminal amino group and a phosphoric group of dna. some biological effects connected with the interaction with dna h ...	1979	399924
anomalous reaction of 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan with thiol compounds.	the kinetics of reaction of 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan with thiol groups at ph values above 5 cannot be accounted for solely on the basis of formation of a single product, the 4-thio derivative. spectroscopic observations indicate that, in addition to the 4-thio derivative, at least two other products are formed. one of these, referred to as p1, is most likely a reversible complex of thiol compound and 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan of the meisenheimer type. the other product, p2, which forms pr ...	1979	435240
studies on the substrate specificity of the dna methylase activity from escherichia coli k-12.	a partially purified extract of dna methylases from e. coli k-12 containing dna-adenine as well as dna-cytosine methylase activities has been examined with respect to different dna species as substrates. the results show that the natural content of 6-map) in the applied dna represses the dna-adenine methylase activity. on the other hand, 5-mc, already present in the substrate does not influence the activity of the dna-cytosine methylase. dna from micrococcus radiodurans, which is completely free ...	1979	232591
transcription of nucleosomal dna in sv40 minichromosomes by eukaryotic and prokaryotic rna polymerases.	sv 40 minichromosomes can be transcribed by prokaryotic and eukaryotic rna polymerases. size analysis of transcripts indicated that dna in nucleosomes was accessible for transcription by both enzymes. sedimentation of the transcription complex showed that minichromosomes which were being transcribed had a full complement of nucleosomes. strand selection by e. coli rna polymerase was reduced by the presence of nucleosomes. no region of sv 40 dna was preferentially transcribed on minichromosomes b ...	1979	223131
resistance of gram-negative bacteria to antibiotics in large calf agglomerations.	the antibiotic resistance of e. coli, citrobacter, enterobacter-klebsiella and pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from calves was tested. a high proportion of multiresistance was found even in e. coli strains isolated from newborn calves. gram-negative bacteria isolated from animals in three large calfhouses were almost 100% resistant to ampicillin, tetracyclines and sulphonamides. multiresistance was general and varied from 5 to 12 antibiotics among different strains. initial high sensitiv ...	1979	41425
inhibition of e coli atpase activity by a troponin component, tn-i, and by mitochondrial atpase inhibitor.	the enzymic activity of mg2+- or ca2+-stimulated atpase from escherichia coli was inhibited by one of the troponin components, tn-i, and by mitochondrial atpase inhibitor (f1-inhibitor). the inhibitory ability of component tn-i against mg2+-stimulated atpase activity was lost after digestion of component tn-i with trypsin. the mg2+-stimulated atpase activity inhibited by component tn-i was completely restored by the addition of another troponin component tn-c.	1979	160325
[aanalysis of resistance and its transferability in microflora from primary meat production].	resistance spectra and their transferability were studied in g- strains isolated from the primary production of meat by the method after bohus (1974). out of the set of strains, 93% were resistant, and out of these, 65% were multiresistant. thirty-five per cent of the resistant strains were r plasmid donors. of the two recipients, the laboratory strain of e. coli ihe nx was significantly better. among the 21 determined resistance spectra, the following were the most frequent: tc, smtcsu, and tca ...	1979	117592
bacteriological quality of runoff water from pastureland.	runoff from a cow-calf pasture in eastern nebraska was monitored for total coliforms (tc), fecal coliforms (fc), and fecal streptococci (fs) during 1976, 1977, and 1978. bacteriological counts in runoff from both grazed and ungrazed areas generally exceeded recommended water quality standards. the fc group was the best indicator group of the impact of grazing. rainfall runoff from the grazed area contained 5 to 10 times more fc than runoff from the fenced, ungrazed area. there was little differe ...	1979	114112
enzymic polyadenylation of 5s ribosomal ribonucleic acid and synthesis of a complementary deoxyribonucleic acid.	the 5s ribosomal rna has been isolated, pure and intact, from rat liver (5 mg of 5s rna from 150g of liver). the 5s rna serves as a primer for calf thymus poly(a) polymerase with 20% of the efficiency of (ap)3a. bacterial 5s rna and transfer rna also serve as primers; rat liver 18s and 28s ribosomal rnas support poly(a) synthesis poorly. neither the 5s rna primer nor the appended poly(a) tract is nicked or degraded by poly(a) polymerase, and initiation of poly(a) tracts on 5s rna primers continu ...	1979	88957
review: ethidium fluorescence assays. part 1. physicochemical studies.	dna and rna can be assayed rapidly and very sensitively by exploiting the enhanced fluorescence of ethidium intercalated into duplex regions. by assaying at different phs and introducing a heating/cooling cycle, a great many physicochemical aspects of dna and rna can be studied avoiding the use of radiolabels, and often giving information not otherwise readily obtainable. studies are described on duplex dna which involve measurement of extinction coefficients, cross-linking by chemicals, cot cur ...	1979	41222
antibiotic resistance and transferable antibiotica resistance escherichia coli isolated from calves on a modern farm with therapeutic problems and unsatisfactory management conditions.	on a farm with therapeutic problems and unsatisfactory management conditions, the occurrence of antibiotic resistance and transferable antibiotic resistance has been studied in e. coli isolated from calves which were 5 and 30 days old. strains with resistance to up to seven antibiotics as well as transferable resistance against up to five antibiotics were recorded. on an average, 4.2 strains with different patterns and 4.0 different strains with transferable resistance were isolated from each ca ...	1979	370760
diastereoisomeric glucuronides of oxazepam. isolation and stereoselective enzymic hydrolysis.	oxazepam glucuronide isolated from swine urine by previously published methods was separated into its diastereoisomers by ion-exchange chromatography on a preparative scale. quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography was used to monitor the separation. the two isomers were obtained in analytically pure form and then characterized by elemental analysis, oxazepam content, mass spectrometry, ultraviolet spectroscopy, optical rotation and optical rotatory dispersion-circular dichroism. the ...	1979	35325
some effects of the administration of endotoxin in mice. specific cleavage of serum albumin by an acid protease and the generation of amyloid serum component.	endotoxin has been shown to induce amyloidosis in mice and to result in the appearance in serum of large amounts of amyloidrelated protein (saa). after injection of 300 mug lipopolysaccharide escherichia coli, saa behaves as an acute phase reactant with levels reaching a peak of >600 mug/ml at 18-22 h and returning to base line (<50 mug/ml) by 48 h in each of four strains tested; only the endotoxin-resistant c3h/hej strain showed a smaller response. lesser, though significant, elevations were al ...	1979	34628
leucocytic changes in cows given intravenous injections of e coli endotoxin.		1979	380122
the origin of yolk-dna in xenopus laevis.	xenopus laevis serum and plasma was found to contain an average of 25 microgram dna/ml. isolated x. laevis oocytes incubated in medium containing 25 microgram dna/ml labeled with either 125i, 32p or 14c and from three different sources (bovine, e. coli and x. laevis), incorporated the label at an average rate of 0.11 ng.mm-2.hr-1. sucrose gradient fractionation of oocytes revealed that 40-75% of the acid-precipitable label incorporated was associated with the yolk platelets. additional incubatio ...	1979	385804
[interaction of oligophosphates of pyridoxal with certain enzymes of polynucleotide synthesis].	the interaction of pyridoxal, pyridoxal-5'-mono-, di- and triphosphate with certain enzymes of polynucleotide synthesis (dna-dependent rna polymerase, dna-dependent dna polymerase i and polynucleotide phosphorylase from escherichia coli and terminal deoxyribonucleotide transferase from calf thymus) was studied. all compounds tested was found to be reversible and competitive inhibitors of these enzymes. the reduction of the enzyme-inhibitor complex with nabh4 gives rise to the complete irreversib ...	1979	381898
biochemical and topographical studies on escherichia coli cell surface. iv. giant spheroplast formation from a filamentous cell.	long, nonseptate filamentous cells consisting of 5 to 40 single-cell unit lengths were formed from escherichia coli surface mutant ont-3 by treatment with a sublethal concentration of sodium dodecyl sylfate. as distinct from several other elongated cells (e.g., thymine-starved filaments), it was found here that stable giant spheroplasts, 5 to 10 micrometers in diameter, were produced by the action of lysozyme in the presence of bovine serum albumin via the gradual fusion of distinct spheroplasti ...	1979	374397
early mitochondrial damage in the induction of haemorrhagic necrosis in the crocker sarcoma (s 180) by endotoxin.	disturbances in the functional properties of tumor mitochondria have been studied during the course of induction of haemorrhage brought about by endotoxin in the murine crocker sarcoma (s 180). extensive impairment of function was already present in mitochondria isolated from control tumors, as shown by low respiratory control ratios. the existing mitochondrial damage intensified promptly in response to injection of endotoxin long before the onset of haemorrhage at 4 h. the nature of the additio ...	1979	381316
the survival of serum resistant escherichia coli in the bovine mammary gland following experimental infection.	serum resistant strains of escherichia coli were injected into one or two quarters of the udders of eight healthy dairy cows. animals receiving infection into two quarters showed variation in their ability to eliminate the bacteria. this variation extended from elimination from both glands to complete failure to remove the organisms from either gland. in most cases, the organisms were removed from one gland before the clinical signs of infection were observed, but persisted in the other gland fo ...	1979	382316