Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [automatic analysis of wake-sleep states in rats]. | 1971 | 4327202 | |
| [inhibition of gaba transaminase and wake-sleep behaior in rats]. | 1971 | 4327203 | |
| interactions between 5-hydroxytryptamine and a purified bacterial pyrogen when injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle of the wake rabbit. | 1971 | 5577497 | |
| effect of sleep-wake reversal and sleep deprivation on the circadian rhythm of oxygen toxicity seizure susceptibility. | 1972 | 5076606 | |
| proceedings: a technique for the quantitative characterization of the sleep-wake cycle in the rat. | 1974 | 4458889 | |
| a new species of chigger (acarina: thrombiculidae) from the midway islands. | 1975 | 1159732 | |
| [changes in reactivity of rat visual system during wake-sleep cycle]. | the changes in amplitude of primary responses evoked at cortical level by paired pulses delivered into the optic nerve, have been statistically compared during seven stages of sleep and wakefulness. results are in agreement with changes in reactivity observed by other authors in the cat; an unexpected but significant decrease in reactivity has however been obtained during eyemovements when compared with other periods of paradoxical sleep. | 1975 | 126727 |
| lung function in acute paraquat intoxication. | functional and morphological examination of the lungs was performed in rats 48 hours after intratracheal injection of 0.5 mg/kg of the herbicide paraquat. pronounced tachypnoea was observed (235+/-20 c/min), which also persisted under urethane anaesthesia (210+/-18 c/min). in control rats the mean breathing rate was 115+/-11 and 90+/-9 c/min in wake and anaesthetized rats respectively. the rate of breathing decreased to comparable values in experimental and control rats after bilateral cervical ... | 1975 | 128020 |
| the behavioral effects of l-methionine and related compounds in rats and mice. | several groups of investigators have reported that the administration of l-methionine, with or without a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, induced an acute florid psychotic reaction in 40 percent of schizophrenics tested. the mode of action of l-methionine in brain is unknown, but may be via one or more of three mechanisms: the excess methionine (i) may lead to the production by transmethylation of some psychotomimetic methylated derivative of dopamine or serotonin, or (ii) could result in an increas ... | 1975 | 164253 |
| effects of forebrain lesions on release of proteins from the midbrain reticular formation during the sleep-wake cycle. | 1976 | 947772 | |
| the effects of various protein synthesis inhibitors on the sleep-wake cycle of rats. | the present investigation sought to determine the effects of anisomycin (a), chloramphenicol (cha), vincristine (v), and penicilline g on the sleep-wake cycle of rats. it was found that both high and low doses of anisomycin decreased rapid eye movement (rem) sleep, while only high doses of cha and v produced such a decrease. slow wave sleep (sws) was unaffected by these drugs. penicilline g, on the other hand, had no effect on the sleep-wake cycle. it was further shown that the reduction of rem ... | 1977 | 197558 |
| effect of chronic manganese intoxication on the sleep-wake cycle in the rat. | chronic manganese intoxication elicits in the rat an increase in slow wave sleep and a decrease in paradoxical sleep by modification of the length of the phases. the similarities between this observation and the sleep disturbances observed in man in parkinson's disease and chronic manganese poisoning are discussed. | 1977 | 19604921 |
| effect of a chronic tryptophan dietary deficiency on the rat's sleep-wake cycle. | the sleep-wake cycle of 12 tryptophan dietary deficient rats and their non-deficient paired controls were observed for a 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. period. eeg, emg and body activity were continuously monitored on polygraphic recordings throughout the 12 hr observation period. the results indicate no significant difference between the tryptophan deficient and sufficient animals in time spent awake, slow-wave or parodoxical sleep. there was a non-significant trend among the tryptophan deficient anima ... | 1978 | 204399 |
| daytime sleep-wake cycle in the rat. | 1978 | 217032 | |
| habituation of the eeg arousal response in rats: short- and long-term effects, frequency specificity, and wake--sleep transfer. | presentation of auditory stimuli over interstimulus intervals (isis) of several minutes to sleeping rats produced significant habituation of the electroencephalographic (eeg) arousal response. the arousal response habituated to an asymptote after only two or three stimulus presentations. little or no spontaneous recovery occurred between sessions separated by 24 or 72 hr. the habituation produced by a single stimulus presentation was retained for at least 24 hr, and orderly habituation was shown ... | 1978 | 730856 |
| effects of a short light-dark cycle on the sleep-wake patterns of the cat. | the purpose of this study was to measure the effect of a short, 106 min, light-dark (ld) cycle on the sleep-wake (sw) patterns of the cat. eight cats prepared for chronic sleep studies were observed with electrographic tracings for 48 hr on a regular 12:12 hr ld schedule and again after 2 weeks of adaptation to a 27 min light and 79 min dark schedule. each 1 min of data was scored as either alert, drowsy, slow wave sleep (sws) or rem sleep. the parameters studied were percent electrographic stat ... | 1979 | 228374 |
| internal temperature variations during the sleep-wake cycle in the rat. | this study attempted to explain the variations of internal (brain and subcutaneous) temperature in the rat as a function of sleeping and waking. temperature variations in cerebellum and hypothalamus were related to the changes in local cerebral blood flow (cbf) measured chronically with a thermal clearance method. cbf was stable and at a high level during slow wave sleep (sws), decreased at the beginning of each wake (w) and paradoxical sleep (ps) phase, but tended to overshoot at the end of the ... | 1980 | 7395196 |
| behavior-dependent evoked potentials in the hippocampal ca1 region of the rat. ii. effect of eserine, atropine, ether and pentobarbital. | the correlations of the rat's behaviors and the hippocampal eeg with the averaged evoked potentials (aeps) evoked by the schaffer collaterals in the hippocampal ca1 region of the rat were studied after intraperitoneal injections of several drugs known to affect hippocampal eeg. ether and eserine induced continuous train of rhythmical slow activity (rsa) of 5-6/sec in the hippocampal eeg, during which the aeps showed waveforms intermediate between those elicited during large irregular activity (l ... | 1980 | 7407578 |
| changes in the rat sleep-wake cycle produced by dl-6-fluorotryptophan, a competitive inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase. | dl-6-fluorotryptophan (6-ft), a competitive inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase, produced a transient disruption of sleep in rats chronically implanted with eeg recording electrodes. in the 4 h period following the administration of 6-ft (120 mg/kg) awake time was increased, paradoxical sleep time was decreased and slow-wave sleep remained unchanged. these sleep changes were accompanied by significant reductions in brain 5-ht levels. l-tryptophan (100 mg/kg) co-administration with 6-ft prevented ... | 1981 | 6794085 |
| [ethanol elimination in rats with different levels of alcoholic motivation]. | it has been established during intraperitoneal and oral administration of ethanol to white rats in a test dose of 1 g/kg that in the animals with high alcoholism motivation, the rate of alcohol elimination from blood is fairly high, while the species with low alcoholic motivation are marked by a slower ethanol elimination. in rats with high alcohol motivation, the time of ethanol anesthesia significantly exceeds that in the animals with low alcoholic motivation. the blood levels of ethanol at th ... | 1981 | 7196344 |
| phasic influences during rem sleep upon dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus unit activity in the rat. | the single unit activity of dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus cells was recorded in freely moving, unanesthetized albino rats and studied in relation to the sleep-wake cycle and the occurrence of rem sleep ponto-geniculo-occipital (pgo) waves. spontaneous mean discharge rates are shown to be significantly related to sleep-wake stages, and 70 percent of the units demonstrate a temporal relationship with hindbrain pgo waves. these data are consistent with the existence of a phasic event system in ... | 1981 | 7284786 |
| slow potential changes in experimental neocortical propagated foci. | during and following interhemispheric stimulation (hs), characteristic negative slow potential changes (nspcs) appeared which coincided with defined patterns of epileptic phasic field potentials (pfps). stimulus time-locked, high-amplitude, interhemispheric responses (ihrs), interictal and ictal patterns were accompanied by typical moderate nspcs. in the wake of the latter, giant nspcs occurred, concurrent with van harrevelds convulsions and/or either total or partial spreading, or local depress ... | 1981 | 7290534 |
| cross-species invariance in state-related motility patterns. | each of the sleep and wake states of animals are characterized by specific patterns of behavioral, motoric, and electrophysiological activity. sleep-wake behavior of rats, rabbits, and human infants (3 of each species) was observed, and, at the same time, a single-channel analog recording was obtained of the motoric activity. a judge who had extensive experience in observing sleep-wake behaviors of human infants, but who was unfamiliar with these behaviors in nonhuman species, scored the analog ... | 1981 | 7304774 |
| effects of oxolinic acid on the sleep-wakefulness cycle of the rat. | 1 a study was carried out in rats (prepared for chronic sleep recording) of the effects of oxolinic acid on the sleep-wakefulness cycle.2 in addition, the actions of oxolinic acid on the sleep-wake cycle were assessed after pretreatment with drugs interfering with central catecholamine mechanisms or facilitating central gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) activity.3 oxolinic acid (8-32 mg/kg) induced a significant and dose-related increase of waking eeg, while slow wave and rem sleep were decreased.4 ... | 1981 | 7317689 |
| catecholamines and the sleep-wake cycle. i. eeg and behavioral arousal. | the exact role of catecholamines (ca) on the sleep-wake cycle is still controversial. critical analysis of lesion studies tends to suggest a neuromodulatory role for both dopamine (da) and norepinephrine (ne) on eeg and behavioral arousal. support for this view is provided by pharmacological studies in which catecholaminergic systems are activated or inhibited. taken together they show that disturbances in the dynamic balance between neurochemical systems may alter the conditions for wake-trigge ... | 1982 | 7045557 |
| sleep-wake patterns of intact and carotid sinus nerve sectioned rats during hypoxia. | six male rats breathed 21 an 10% o2 before and after carotid sinus nerve (csn) section. polygraphic recording techniques were used to monitor sleep and wakefulness. the effects that these gas mixtures had on the rats' sleep-wake pattern (swp) were studied. the swp of csn sectioned rats breathing 21% o2 was unchanged compared with that of intact rats. while breathing 10% o2, the intact rats' swp was altered dramatically. paradoxical sleep (ps) was absent on the first day's exposure to hypoxia. af ... | 1982 | 7071446 |
| effect of light deprivation on sleep in the rat. | the sleep-wake cycles of 24- and 30-day-old rats reared in darkness from 48 hr after bith (e) were polygraphically recorded in 3 3-hour sessions (0900-1200 hr; 1230-1530 hr; 1600-1900 hr) and compared to normally reared controls (c). the total amount of paradoxical sleep (ps) over the 3 3-hr sessions of the light-deprived rats (e24 and e30) was significantly less than in the controls (c24, and c30). the distribution of ps over the 3 sessions was different for the control groups: c24 showed a sig ... | 1982 | 7079359 |
| control of sleep-wake states in the infant rat by features of the mother-infant relationship. | a series of experiments in 2 strains of wistar rats explored which aspects of maternal separation were responsible for the sleep disturbance of the young. neither their own mother, after mammary duct ligation, nor constant intragastric infusion of nutrient during the day of separation were found to ameliorate significantly the changes in sleep-wake state organization. however, a periodic nutrient delivery schedule and a formula closely resembling rat milk each ameliorated, and together entirely ... | 1982 | 7095289 |
| persistent oligemia of rat cerebral cortex in the wake of spreading depression. | cerebral blood flow during and after spreading depression (sd) was studied in rat brain by quantitative autoradiography. the rise of cortical blood flow during sd was followed by 20 to 25% reduction below normal after sd, lasting at least an hour. blood flow in th putamen, thalamus, and hippocampus did not change at any time during or after sd. previous measurements of cerebral blood flow in humans showed that migraine attacks may be accompanied by wavelike spreading oligemia (olesen et al, 1981 ... | 1982 | 7181451 |
| sleep regulation after reduction of brain serotonin: effect of p-chlorophenylalanine combined with sleep deprivation in the rat. | sleep was recorded in the rat after combined treatment with p-chlorophenylalanine (pcpa; 300 mg/kg) and 24-h sleep deprivation (sd) and then compared with sleep recorded after either treatment alone. pcpa alone reduced total sleep (ts), rapid eye movement sleep (rems) per ts, as well as the power density of the eeg delta band (1.25-4.00 hz) of non-rem sleep (nrems). sd enhanced these sleep parameters and reduced the frequency of wake episodes. the combined treatment with pcpa and sd reduced ts a ... | 1982 | 6213021 |
| [persistance of phase-coupling between the circadian rhythms of hypophyseal hormones in free-running rats]. | the circadian rhythms in plasma acth, tsh, lh and prl were explored in sighted or blind, spayed and estrogen-implanted rats. a marked endogenous circadian rhythmicity was shown to persist in the blind animals for the 4 endocrine rhythms. the endogenous rhythms also kept very close reciprocal phase relationship as in the synchronized state, and they were peaking almost simultaneously, after 60 d. of free-running. finally the endogenous hormonal rhythm maintained their usual phase relationships wi ... | 1983 | 6303526 |
| food intake and peripheral factors after recovery from insulin-induced hypoglycemia. | rats increased food intake after plasma glucose returned to normal in the wake of an insulin-induced hypoglycemic episode. whereas increased eating 6-8 h after insulin occurred only when plasma glucose levels fell below 70 mg/dl, intakes were not related to the degree of prior hypoglycemia. administration of glucose in the first 3 h after insulin prevented increased eating, whereas glucose given 4-6 h after insulin was less effective. intravenous infusions of fructose given in the first 3 h afte ... | 1983 | 6338746 |
| the potential use of gaba agonists in psychiatric disorders: evidence from studies with progabide in animal models and clinical trials. | progabide, a new antiepileptic gaba agonist of moderate affinity for gaba receptors, has been studied in a number of psychiatric disorders and the results compared with the action of this drug in animal models. in an animal model for anxiety (the aversive response to periaqueductal grey stimulation in the rat) progabide had a similar action to that of diazepam. however in clinical trials to date the effect of the gaba agonist was inferior to that of benzodiazepines. as progabide diminishes both ... | 1983 | 6351106 |
| time-dependent effects of actinomycin s3 on sleep and brain concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the rat. | changes in the sleep pattern were investigated in rats given actinomycin s3 (acs3, 0.25 mg/kg, intraventricularly), an inhibitor of rna synthesis, at 0000, 0600, 1200, and 1800. the amounts of slow-wave (ss) and paradoxical sleep (ps) were increased during the dark period (1800 to 0600) in the groups treated at 0000, 0600, and 1200. in the 1800 injected group, ps was decreased. 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) was determined in the 0600 injected group. the 5-ht concentration in the acs3-treated group ... | 1983 | 6192010 |
| [voltammetric detection of extracellular 5-hydroxyindole compounds at the level of cell bodies and the terminals of the raphe system: variations during the wake-sleep cycle in the rat in chronic experiments]. | in rats, chronically implanted for measurements of both voltammetric and polygraphic parameters, variations of the electrochemical signal corresponding to extracellular 5-hydroxyindole compounds (peak 3) were measured during the sleep-waking cycle. the higher amplitude of this signal is always measured during waking. it decreases during slow-wave sleep (20 to 30%) and reaches its lower value during paradoxical sleep (30 to 40%). this phenomenon has been found in all structures investigated, cere ... | 1983 | 6193846 |
| regional metabolic activity in the rat brain during sleep-wake activity. | [14c]2-deoxyglucose autoradiography was used to demonstrate regional metabolic activity in the rat brain during wake, slow-wave sleep (sws), and rem sleep. data are expressed as values of relative metabolic activity (rma, regional optic density/mean brain optic density), which show the level of metabolic activity in a region, relative to the mean level of the brain. regions exhibiting obviously decreased rma during sws include the cerebellum, cortical layer iv, and most of the thalamus, includin ... | 1983 | 6622878 |
| circadian temperature and wake rhythms of rats exposed to prolonged continuous illumination. | the purpose of this study was to simultaneously measure temperature and sleep in the rat under continuous illumination in an attempt to reveal properties of the underlying circadian oscillators. at first, the circadian rhythms of temperature and wake free-ran in parallel. within weeks or months, circadian arrhythmicity developed in most animals. both circadian rhythms eventually damped out, even at fairly low light intensities. the circadian rhythm of wake was weaker and disintegrated sooner tha ... | 1983 | 6657763 |
| effect of ambient temperature on the 24-hour sleep-wake cycle in normal and capsaicin-treated rats. | the 24-hour sleep-wake cycle of untreated, normal rats and of capsaicin-treated rats was continuously recorded by telemetry. recordings were made on two baseline days at 22 degrees c, two days at 29 degrees c, and two final days at 22 degrees c. in untreated animals the daily amount of waking was reduced by the elevated ambient temperature and nonrem sleep was enhanced. this effect was mainly due to the frequent interruption of the dark-time waking episodes by sleep. in capsaicin-treated animals ... | 1983 | 6867140 |
| suprachiasmatic nuclei lesions eliminate circadian temperature and sleep rhythms in the rat. | we conducted a long-term study of the circadian rhythms of temperature and sleep in the rat after lesions of the suprachiasmatic nuclei (scn). brain temperature was measured with thermistors and sleep-wake was scored on the basis of continuously recorded eeg using a computerized system. rats with complete scn lesions did not exhibit circadian rhythms in constant dim illumination. rats with partial scn lesions generated weak and variable free-running rhythms, and when exposed to a light-dark cycl ... | 1984 | 6463124 |
| acidification of interstitial fluid in hippocampal formation caused by seizures and by spreading depression. | changes in the ph of interstitial fluid were measured with h+-selective double-barreled micropipette electrodes in fascia dentata of urethane-anesthetized rats. paroxysmal afterdischarges provoked by repetitive stimulation of an afferent fiber tract brought in their wake acidification by 0.07 to 0.2 ph units. spreading depression caused acidification by 0.2-0.5 ph units. acid shifts were often preceded by transient alkalinization. acidification is attributed to the production of co2 and of other ... | 1984 | 6488041 |
| the distribution of hypoglycemic brain damage. | rats were exposed to insulin-induced hypoglycemia resulting in periods of cerebral isoelectricity ranging from 10 to 60 min. after recovery with glucose, they were allowed to wake up and survive for 1 week. control rats were recovered at the stage of eeg slowing. after sub-serial sectioning, the number and distribution of dying neurons was assessed in each brain region. acid fuchsin was found to stain moribund neurons a brilliant red. brains from control rats showed no dying neurons. from 10 to ... | 1984 | 6496035 |
| hypoglycemic brain injury in the rat. correlation of density of brain damage with the eeg isoelectric time: a quantitative study. | thirty-eight male wistar rats were exposed to insulin-induced hypoglycemia resulting in periods of cerebral isoelectricity ranging from 10 to 60 min. plasma glucose levels during cerebral isoelectricity ranged from 0.12 mm to 1.36 mm. control rats were injected with insulin, but hypoglycemia was terminated with glucose at the stage of large delta-wave eeg slowing. after recovery, the rats were allowed to wake up and survive for 1 wk. the number of dying neurons was assessed with acid-fuchsin/cre ... | 1984 | 6500189 |
| effects of methoxamine and alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists, prazosin and yohimbine, on the sleep-wake cycle of the rat. | a study was carried out on the effects of methoxamine, prazosin, and yohimbine on the sleep-wake cycle in rats prepared for chronic sleep recordings. methoxamine (4-8 mg/kg), an alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist, induced a dose-related increase in wakefulness (w) and a decrease in slow-wave sleep (sws) and rem sleep (rems). prazosin (0.125-1 mg/kg), which selectively blocks alpha 1-adrenoceptors, modified only slightly the amount of time spent in w and sws, and consistently decreased rems values. pra ... | 1984 | 6515252 |
| an eeg averaging technique for automated sleep-wake stage identification in the rat. | an automated on-line sleep-wake classification system based on an averaging technique of the running eeg is described. it operates for three rats simultaneously and is able to discriminate every 5 sec between wakefulness, light slow-wave sleep, deep slow-wave sleep, and paradoxical sleep. the hippocampal eeg and nuchal emg are used as input parameters. the eeg is bandpass filtered after which a microcomputer samples and averages the filtered eeg and constructs spectrograms. the variability, the ... | 1984 | 6522504 |
| effects of acute and chronic treatment with amitryptyline on the sleep-wake activity of rats. | amitriptyline (1, 5 or 15 mg/kg intraperitoneally, twice a day) was administered to rats and the sleep-wake activity was recorded for either 24 hr (1 mg/kg) or 12 hr (5 or 15 mg/kg) on the day before treatment with amitriptyline, on days 1 and 5 of the treatment and on day 6, when the drug was withdrawn. in the first 3 hr amitriptyline increased non-rem sleep (nrems), and decreased rem sleep (rems) and wakefulness; the effects were dose-dependent. the changes in non-rem sleep and wakefulness (w) ... | 1985 | 3990921 |
| sleep-wake state organization in infant rats with episodic respiratory disturbance following sinoaortic denervation. | the role of arterial chemoreceptors in the maintenance of rhythmic respiration during sleep was investigated in 2-week-old rats by microsurgical sectioning of carotid sinus and aortic depressor nerve fibers (sad) and later recording of respiratory pattern by impedance pneumography and sleep-wake states by electrophysiological methods. deafferentation produced high rates of an atypical respiratory pattern characterized by episodes during which the usual pattern was replaced by an arrhythmic serie ... | 1985 | 3992108 |
| vasotocin involvement in the maturation of the rat brain. | in order to investigate the effects of arginine vasotocin (avt), (a pineal nonapeptide hormone) on the brain maturation, the sleep-wake cycle, the day of eyelids opening and the total brain lipids level were followed up in new-born rats receiving daily (between day 2 and 8 of life) 100 ng of synthetic avt, arginine-vasopressin (avp), oxytocin (ot) or 0.1 ml saline solution. while avp and ot had no effect, avt induced: 1) an increase in the amount of active sleep (as); 2) a decrease in the brain ... | 1985 | 3992156 |
| changes in the brain and core temperatures in relation to the various arousal states in rats in the light and dark periods of the day. | in rats, brain temperature (tbr) and core temperature (tc) were recorded in parallel with the sleep-wake activity throughout the 24-h diurnal cycle, consisting of a 12-h light (l) and a 12-h dark (d) period. in order to characterize the temperature changes associated with the arousal states in the l and the d separately, (i) the average temperatures in wakefulness (w), non-rapid eye movement sleep (nrems) and rem sleep (rems), and at the transitions between the arousal states were calculated; (i ... | 1985 | 4040238 |
| effects of intracerebroventricular injection of delta sleep-inducing peptide (dsip) and an analogue on sleep and brain temperature in rats at night. | the effects of icv injections of dsip and omega-amino-caprilyl-dsip (c-dsip) on the sleep-wake activity and brain temperature (tbr were studied in rats. the substances (7 nmol/kg) were injected at dark onset, and the sleep-wake activity and tbr were recorded for 24 hr (dark and light periods, 12 hr each). relative to the control recordings obtained after artificial csf injection, the duration of sleep did not increase after either dsip or c-dsip. the only significant reaction was an increase of ... | 1985 | 3841214 |
| neurochemical and electrophysiological disturbances mediate developmental behavioral alterations produced by medicines. | many centrally acting drugs which are prescribed for hypertension, depression, epilepsy, insomnia and asthma may also affect fetal brain neurotransmission and behavioral states. nearly all these drugs enter the fetal circulation following maternal administration. the immaturity of the blood-brain barrier and greater accumulation in the developing brain make the fetal brain a major target of its mother's medication. adverse effects that are seen in the fetus are not necessarily evident in its mot ... | 1985 | 2872604 |
| daily rhythms of benzodiazepine receptor numbers in frontal lobe and cerebellum of the rat. | behavioural, biochemical and neurophysiological evidence suggests that gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) may play an important role in the neural control of circadian rhythms. central receptors for benzodiazepines are functionally coupled to gaba receptors and appear to mediate behavioural effects of exogenous benzodiazepines. the binding of 3h-flunitrazepam to synaptic plasma membranes prepared from various regions of rat brain was examined at 6-hour intervals over a 36-hour period. prominent dail ... | 1985 | 2989633 |
| pharmacological properties of (n-dicyclopropylmethyl) amino-2-oxazoline (s 3341), an alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist. | pharmacological actions of (n-dicyclopropylmethyl)-amino-2-oxazoline (s 3341), an agonist of alpha-2 adrenoceptors, were examined in acute animal studies. in the normotensive anaesthetized dog s 3341 (0.3 mg/kg, i.v.) produced an initial transient increase followed by a marked, prolonged fall in mean arterial pressure (map) of 20 mmhg. central actions of s 3341 were demonstrated by administration of low doses into the vertebral artery of the anaesthetized dog. a rapid and marked fall in map resu ... | 1985 | 2866274 |
| effect of alpha-adrenoceptor blockade on sleep and wakefulness in the rat. | three alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists with different subtype selectivity were administered ip at the beginning of the light period of the illumination cycle to rats whose sleep-wake pattern was subsequently recorded for 12 hours. yohimbine (1 mg/kg) initially increased active wakefulness but did not affect rem sleep. phentolamine (10 mg/kg) and prazosin (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg) increased the amount of rem sleep during the latter half of the light period. the mechanism of this delayed increase in rem s ... | 1986 | 2871563 |
| neonatal monosodium glutamate dosing alters the sleep-wake cycle of the mature rat. | alterations of the sleep-wake cycle have been studied in male adult rats after neonatal administration of monosodium glutamate (msg; 4 x 4 mg/g body wt.). results indicated that msg treatment caused: an almost complete disappearance of acth and alpha-msh immunoreactive (ir) perikarya in the rostral part of the arcuate nucleus; an increase in total sleep duration with a more pronounced effect on paradoxical sleep. regarding circadian rhythmicity there was a trend to a decomposition of the 24 h pe ... | 1986 | 3014398 |
| the effects of buspirone on sleep in the rat. | buspirone is a novel anxiolytic compound that does not produce the sedation often associated with the use of benzodiazepines. the present study evaluated the effects of this anxiolytic on sleep in rats surgically prepared for long-term recordings. buspirone, at a dose of 3 mg/kg i.p., produced a significant increase in total wake time (p less than 0.05) compared with drug-free controls. at a dose of 10 mg/kg i.p., rats displayed altered sleep patterns with the most significant effects observed i ... | 1986 | 2880319 |
| effects of melatonin and 5-methoxytryptamine on sleep-wake patterns in the male rat. | melatonin and 5-methoxytryptamine were administered continuously over a period of 1-3 months to adult male rats by means of subcutaneously implanted silastic capsules containing one or the other of these pineal hormones. polygraphic recordings during several weeks following hormonal application showed an increase in the amount of time spent in both quiet and rapid eye movement sleep, during the light as well as the dark period; however, diurnal sleep-wake rhythmicity was not affected by either t ... | 1986 | 3459865 |
| effects of aging and housing in an enriched environment on sleep-wake patterns in rats. | the effects of aging and housing in an enriched environment were assessed in young adult (4-7 months) and old (27-31 months) male brown norway rats by conducting 24-h sleep-wake recordings. comparison of recordings made in rats of different ages, housed in a standard laboratory environment, revealed a reduction of the time spent in slow wave and desynchronized sleep during the light period in the old rats. furthermore in the old rats, sleep was more fragmented and the amplitude of the circadian ... | 1986 | 3505733 |
| temperature dependence of ethanol depression in rats. | the relationship between ambient temperature, body temperature, and brain sensitivity to ethanol was investigated in rats. drug naive male long evans rats were injected ip with a hypnotic dose of ethanol (2.75 g/kg, 20% w/v). immediately after injection, separate groups were exposed to one of five ambient temperatures from 12 to 34 degrees c. ambient temperature significantly affected wake-up rectal temperature, sleep-time, and wake-up brain ethanol concentration. sleep-times in individual rats ... | 1986 | 3097698 |
| vasoactive intestinal polypeptide promotes sleep without effects on brain temperature in rats at night. | the possible sleep-promoting activity of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip) was contrasted with the physiological sleep suppression in the diurnal active period through the i.c.v. injection of 100 ng vip into rats at dark onset. the sleep-wake activity and brain temperature (tbr) were recorded for 24 h (dark period and light period, 12 h each), and the effects were evaluated with respect to records obtained after artificial cerbrospinal fluid injection. without altering the normal course of ... | 1986 | 3960403 |
| sleep-wake behavior of newborn rats recorded with movement sensitive method. | the aim of this study was to determine criteria for classification of sleep-wake behavior in newborn rats by recording total body and respiratory movements with a static charge sensitive bed (scsb). initially, the sleep-wake behavior was simultaneously observed visually and recorded by the scsb mattress, from the fourth to the twenty-second postnatal days. thus, the criteria for scoring the scsb recordings were obtained by comparison of the behavioral scorings with the scsb tracings. to further ... | 1986 | 3964414 |
| differences in the sleep-wake patterns of the aa and ana rat lines developed for high and low alcohol intake. | the sleep-wake patterns of the aa and ana rat lines, developed for high and low voluntary alcohol consumption by genetic selection, were studied at the age of 10 days with a movement sensitive mattress, and at the age of four months with a monitor for anesthesia and brain activity. the amount of rem sleep was significantly higher in the ana rats than in the aa rats both as newborns and as adults. the total sleep times, however, were the same in both rat lines. these findings suggest that the dif ... | 1986 | 3964441 |
| feeding and diurnal related activity of lateral hypothalamic neurons in freely behaving rats. | activity of 64 single neurons in the lateral hypothalamus (lha) was recorded for 1-8 days in freely behaving rats. the activity of 26 (40.6%) neurons varied with circadian rhythm and in relation to feeding. activity of 23 of these neurons decreased during consumption of each pellet, and that of one increased. the activity of two other neurons increased intermittently, at night, prior to and during eating and drinking episodes. all changed activity with sleep-wake changes; increasing in the dark ... | 1986 | 3719319 |
| structure-activity relationship in the effects of delta-sleep-inducing peptide (dsip) on rat sleep. | dsip and its analogues, [d-trp1]-dsip, [d-tyr1]-dsip, and [d-trp1]-dsip1-6, were injected icv (7 nmol/kg) into rats at dark onset, and the sleep-wake activity was recorded during the 12-hr dark period and the subsequent 12-hr light period. the effects were evaluated with respect to baseline records obtained after artificial csf injections. dsip did not increase sleep, whereas both [d-trp1]-dsip and [d-tyr1]-dsip promoted sleep in the first part of the night. [d-trp1]-dsip1-6 had a prompt arousin ... | 1986 | 3754970 |
| effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on neonatal sleep-wake behaviour and adult alcohol consumption in rats. | our previous experiments showed that suppression of early postnatal active (rem) sleep increases alcohol intake in adult rats. to study the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on neonatal sleep-wake behaviour and adult alcohol consumption pregnant rat dams were given 7% to 12% alcohol, 1% sucrose solution, or tap water as a sole liquid throughout gestation. sleep-wake behaviour of the pups was studied at 6, 8, 12 and 15 days of age by using a movement sensitive mattress. the offspring who were ... | 1986 | 3766148 |
| eosinophilic leucocytes and phospholipase b of rat tissues. | the correlation between the eosinophilic leucocyte population and the phospholipase b activity of rat tissues has been tested with isolated cell preparations from intestine, lung, blood, bone marrow and spleen containing eosinophils in varying proportions and with pure eosinophil fractions separated by centrifugation on discontinuous metrizoate and metrizamide gradients. a uniform value of activity per cell was found in all these tissues extending previous histochemical and biochemical evidence ... | 1986 | 3768933 |
| postnatal development of hepatocytes following oxygen deficiency in utero. | pregnant rats were exposed to altitude hypoxia (5,000 m = po2 11.33 kpa) 8 h daily, from the 16th through 21st d of pregnancy. the livers of the newborn male rats were morphometrically examined by electron microscopy for both qualitative and quantitative parameters, on the 2nd, 5th, 11th and 22nd d of age and were compared with those of controls during the same periods of postnatal development. substantive changes were exhibited by the mitochondria. processes of autophagocytic decomposition were ... | 1986 | 3817097 |
| alimentary sleep satiety in suckling rats. | sleep/wake states were investigated in rat pups at 12-13 days of age following deprivation of milk and their dam for 9-12 hr. early in the deprivation period each pup was equipped with bipolar stainless steel electrodes for electroencephalographic (eeg) and electromyographic (emg) recordings. four groups of pups were tested using anesthetized dams. the pups were either allowed to root in the dam's fur, but were not allowed to attach to a nipple; allowed to root after receiving a gut load of rat' ... | 1986 | 3823169 |
| automation of data acquisition and of experiment control: application to the study of sleep-wake cycles and behavioral paradigms]. | the low cost of microcomputers allows them to be dedicated full time to data acquisition and analysis of experimental paradigms. the usual interfaces required for such interaction with the experiment are briefly explained, namely, analog-to-digital converters, input-output control lines and real time clocks. some basic concepts on the use of microcomputers for the automation of data acquisition and control are summarized, including the characterization of waveshapes, the structure of data storag ... | 1986 | 8929083 |
| the dose-response effects of caffeine on sleep in rats. | caffeine at doses of 0.125, 1.25, 12.5 and 25 mg/kg was administered to rats and the subsequent effects on the sleep-wake cycle were measured. the 12.5 and 25 mg/kg doses of caffeine increased wakefulness, and decreased slow wave sleep-1 (sws1), sws2, rapid eye movement (rem) sleep and total sleep time (p less than or equal to 0.05). the 0.125 and 1.25 mg/kg doses of caffeine increased sws1 at the expense of sws2 (p less than or equal to 0.05), and did not affect total sleep time in any time per ... | 1987 | 3828812 |
| effects of acute and chronic treatment with an atypical antidepressant drug, nomifensine, on the sleep-wake activity in rats. | after the chronic administration of saline, rats were treated with nomifensine (0.1 or 1.0 mg/kg, twice a day, at light and dark onset) for 11 days. the sleep-wake activity was recorded for 24 h on the baseline day (saline), on nomifensine days 1, 5 and 11, and also on day 12, when saline was injected again (withdrawal day). another group of rats was treated with saline throughout the experiment, without significant effect on the sleep-wake activity. the smaller dose of nomifensine increased non ... | 1987 | 3561528 |
| dopamine autoreceptor antagonists: effects on sleep-wake activity in the rat. | the effects of the putative dopamine (da) autoreceptor antagonists cis-(+)-5-methoxy-1-methyl-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin, (+)-uh 232, and cis-(+)-5-methoxy-1-methyl-2-(n-propylamino)tetralin, (+)-aj 76, on sleep-wake activity, eeg, and motor activity in the rat were studied. both drugs induced a dose-dependent increase in wakefulness (w) and a reduction in non-rem sleep (nrems). a definite tendency to a suppression of rem sleep (rems) could also be observed. the results of spectral analysis in ... | 1987 | 3562484 |
| relationships among wake episode lengths, contiguous sleep episode lengths, and electroencephalographic delta waves in rats with suprachiasmatic nuclei lesions. | the lengths of sleep and wake episodes during 2 consecutive days of recording were measured in five rats lacking circadian rhythms owing to lesions of the suprachiasmatic nuclei. total sleep (ts) episode lengths and the amount of nrem sleep and paradoxical sleep (ps) within each episode were examined in relationship to the lengths of the immediately preceding and the immediately following wake episodes. as putative measures of sleep intensity, average and maximum delta wave (1-4 hz) incidence an ... | 1987 | 3563245 |
| effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on neonatal sleep-wake behaviour and adult alcohol consumption in the aa and ana rat lines. | to study the role of genetic factors in the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on behaviour, dams of two rat lines developed to differ in voluntary alcohol intake, alcohol-preferring (aa) and alcohol-avoiding (ana) rats were given a 5-10% alcohol solution mixed with a 1% sucrose solution as a sole drinking liquid throughout gestation. sleep-wake behaviour of the offspring was studied at the ages of 7, 14 and 20 days, using a movement-sensitive mattress. in ana rats, sleep recordings showed tha ... | 1987 | 3619998 |
| effects of enhanced cerebrospinal fluid levels of vasopressin, vasopressin antagonist or vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on circadian sleep-wake rhythm in the rat. | several endogenous peptides have been implicated in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness. the present study was carried out in order to determine whether the light-dark rhythm of vasopressin (vp) in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) had functional significance in relaying information from the circadian pacemaker, i.e. the suprachiasmatic nuclei (which synthesize vp as well as vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip], to the centra regulating sleep. after constant delivery of vp in the csf via an a ... | 1987 | 3676743 |
| period-amplitude analysis of rat electroencephalogram: effects of sleep deprivation and exercise. | electroencephalogram (eeg) wavelength and amplitude within nrem sleep, paradoxical sleep (ps), and wake were measured by computer in five intact rats and four rats with suprachiasmatic nucleus (scn) lesions for the first recovery day following 24-h total sleep deprivation (tsd) achieved by keeping them on a rotating cylinder over water. to assess exercise effects, eeg within nrem was also analyzed in four intact rats for 8 h after separate 4-h tsd sessions at low and high rates of cylinder rotat ... | 1987 | 3432853 |
| period-amplitude analysis of rat electroencephalogram: stage and diurnal variations and effects of suprachiasmatic nuclei lesions. | period-amplitude analysis was used to measure the number of waves per unit time (wave incidence) and wave amplitude for 19 wavelength categories in the lateral cortical electroencephalogram (eeg) of five intact and four suprachiasmatic nuclei-lesioned rats during nrem sleep, waking, and paradoxical sleep (ps) over a period of 24 h. the analysis confirmed several parallels between rat electroencephalogram (eeg) and human eeg: the wave incidence and amplitude at all wavelengths are both practicall ... | 1987 | 3432854 |
| [temperature changes in the neocortex, posterior hypothalamus and neck muscles in the wakefulness-sleep cycle of white rats]. | in chronic experiments on male relatively unrestrained rats, simultaneous studies have been made on the behaviour during wake-sleep cycle and on changes in the temperature of the neocortex, posterior hypothalamus and neck muscles. interaction of two mechanisms at the hypothalamic level is discussed, namely the development of various stages of the wake-sleep cycle and thermoregulation. special attention is paid to the phase of rapid sleep, when the transition of an animal from homoiothermic to he ... | 1987 | 3434041 |
| increase in paradoxical sleep after destruction of serotoninergic innervation in the nucleus tractus solitarius of the rat. | the evolution of paradoxical sleep, slow-wave sleep and arterial pressure was studied following microinjection of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine in the nucleus tractus solitarius in rats. the extent of the lesions was assessed using immunohistochemistry for serotonin. global lesions of serotoninergic nerve terminals of the intermediate and commissural regions of the nucleus produced an important and long-lasting increase in paradoxical sleep (+50-70%), a decrease in slow-wave sleep (-20%) and a moderat ... | 1987 | 3437976 |
| a single human gene encoding multiple tyrosine hydroxylases with different predicted functional characteristics. | catecholaminergic systems in discrete regions of the brain are thought to be important in affective psychoses, learning and memory, reinforcement and sleep-wake cycle regulation. tyrosine hydroxylase (th) is the first enzyme in the pathway of catecholamine synthesis. its importance is reflected in the diversity of the mechanisms that have been described which control its activity; th levels vary both during development and as a function of the activity of the nervous system. recently, we deduced ... | 1987 | 2882428 |
| [comparison of the effects of dsip and sp 1-11 on stress-induced chronic sleep disorders in rats]. | in the present paper the effects of substance p (sp1-11, arg-pro-lys-pro-gln-gln-phe-phe-gly-leu-metnh2) and delta sleep inducing peptide (dsip, trp-ala-gly-gly-asp-ala-ser-gly-glu) to normalize the deprivation of sleep in chronically stressed rats with hyposomnia were investigated. the results indicated that sp1-11 is more potent than dsip in rats with stress-induced hyposomnia. different effects were found in the duration of sleep, the percentage of sleep phases compared to wake phases, the rh ... | 1987 | 2440061 |
| [opposite variations of extracellular concentrations of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-hiaa) measured by voltammetry of axonal terminals and cell bodies of the dorsal raphe nucleus through the sleep-wake cycle]. | differential pulse voltammetry was used for 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-hiaa) detection in the rat caudate (n. cd) and raphe dorsalis (n. rd) nuclei, in chronic experimental conditions. in the anterior and ventral part of n. rd, large increases in the extracellular concentrations of 5-hiaa were reported during slow wave sleep (sws) and paradoxical sleep (ps) whereas a decrease occurred during waking. these variations could reflect the dendritic release of serotonin. in n. cd, opposite variatio ... | 1988 | 2464425 |
| early postnatal deprivation of active sleep with desipramine or zimeldine impairs later behavioural reactivity to auditory stimuli in rats. | to examine the functional significance of early postnatal active sleep for the development of behavioural reactivity to auditory stimuli, rat pups were daily injected i.p. from the 7th to the 18th postnatal days with 5 mg kg-1 (6.6 mmol l-1) desipramine or 25 mg kg-1 (12.2 mmol l-1) zimeldine. sleep-wake behaviour was recorded with a static-charge-sensitive bed (scsb) method. both desipramine and zimeldine suppressed the percentage of active sleep relative to the total recording time throughout ... | 1988 | 2976228 |
| pgo waves and insomnia in pcpa-treated rats. | the serotonin-depleting drug, parachlorophenylalanine (pcpa), in a dosage of 300 mg/kg, was administered to rats in an effort to test the hypothesis that altered distribution of pgo waves following drug treatment may be responsible for the sleep disruption and consequent sleep loss that accompany decreased serotonin levels. consistent with the hypothesis, we found that the greater the proportion of pgo waves that precede spontaneous arousals, the greater the reduction in slow wave sleep. however ... | 1988 | 2977991 |
| sleep and memory relationships in intact old and amnestic young rats. | age-related changes in sleep are observed in many species, including rats and humans. old rats often exhibit less total and paradoxical sleep, shorter sleep bouts and more random sleep-wake periods across 24 hours, than young rats. this paper evaluates recent evidence that deterioration of selected sleep parameters, usually involving levels of paradoxical sleep or durations of sleep bouts, may be related to deterioration of memory in old rats. similar findings are reviewed with respect to young ... | 1988 | 3062478 |
| [mechanisms of wake and sleep]. | 1988 | 3062755 | |
| growth hormone-releasing factor enhances sleep in rats and rabbits. | previously, it was suggested that a hypothalamic mechanism links somatotropin [growth hormone (gh)] secretion to sleep regulation, and this may explain the temporal correlation between gh release and nonrapid eye movement sleep (nrems) on sleep onset. the purpose of these experiments was to study whether growth hormone-releasing factor (grf), a hypothalamic peptide responsible for stimulation of gh secretion, also has the capacity to promote sleep in rats and rabbits. artificial cerebrospinal fl ... | 1988 | 3136672 |
| early postnatal treatment with propranolol affects development of brain amines and behavior. | the present study examined the effects of early postnatal treatment with a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol (5 mg/kg ip daily) on concomitant and subsequent behavior and central aminergic transmission in rats. during propranolol exposure from the 7th to the 20th postnatal days sleep-wake recordings, carried out with the static charge sensitive bed (scsb) method, showed a decrease in the percentage of active sleep and an increase in waking. when the animals were 1-3 months of age, the ope ... | 1988 | 3146769 |
| [isolation of islands of langerhans from the human adult pancreas]. | nine of 38 islet isolation experiments, using the duct collagenase technique, were selected for quality checks on isolated islet tissue. pancreas was harvested, following aortic multi-organ perfusion. the total number of islets isolated amounted to 112,461 +/- 11,828 in 13.7 ml of suspension on average. in vitro secretion of beta cells was increased by a factor of 3.8 in response to glucose stimulation. isolated islets in morphologically intact condition were detected by histological investigati ... | 1988 | 3148248 |
| awaking effect of pge2 microinjected into the preoptic area of rats. | we examined the effect of prostaglandin (pg)e2 on the sleep-wake activity and on body temperature by microinjecting pge2 into the preoptic area of rats that had been chronically implanted with guide cannulae and electrodes for the recordings of electroencephalogram and electromyogram. pge2 at doses of 2.5 x 10(-13), 2.5 x 10(-11), and 2.5 x 10(-9) mol reduced the time of slow wave sleep (sws) to 75%, 61%, and 59% and that of paradoxical sleep (ps) to 73%, 50%, and 25% of the controls, respective ... | 1988 | 3162820 |
| [the influence of exhausting training on the development of the motor pattern of swimming and on the sleep-wake behavior of growing rats]. | at present it is generally accepted that programs of physical training which require coordinate performances of the central and the vegetative nervous system may be conducive to the complex development of central nervous functions. the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of an exhausting swim training with albino rats aged 6-30 days on the development of motor pattern of swimming and on the sleep-wake behaviour. daily training rats performed the adult motor pattern of swimming earlier ... | 1988 | 3178792 |
| an inexpensive sleep-wake state analyzer for the rat. | manual classification of sleep stages is a tedious and time consuming task. we describe an inexpensive system for sleep-wake state classification for as many as eight rats at a time. it is based on determining threshold values for each parameter of each rat, then finding the natural transitions from one sleep state to another and finally classifying these states utilizing the cortical eeg and emg signals. | 1988 | 3200928 |
| decrease of rapid-eye-movement sleep in the light by intraventricular application of a vip-antagonist in the rat. | vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip) has been shown to increase the amount of time spent in rapid-eye-movement (rem) sleep both in cats and in rats. in the present study we examined the effect of a newly available competitive vip-antagonist ([4cl-d-phe6-leu17]-vip) on sleep-wake patterns in male rats during both the light and the dark phase of 24 h. continuous intracerebroventricular application of this vip-antagonist reduced by 44% the amount of time spent in rem sleep during the light perio ... | 1988 | 3208098 |
| [pathogenesis of cancer of the operated stomach]. | carcinoma in the postsurgical stomach has to be considered as a prognostically hopeless late complication in the wake of reflux-causing stomach operations. morphological, autoradiographic, microbiological, and biochemical investigations of animal models and analyses of 19,595 postmortem records have supported the view that enterogastric reflux, bacterial colonisation, primarily by nitrate-reducing enterobacteria, alteration of the intragastric ph condition as well as consecutive morphological an ... | 1988 | 3213300 |
| automatic sleep-wake scoring in the rat on microcomputer apple ii. | an automatic scoring system in real time of sleep-wake behavior in the rat was elaborated on microcomputer apple ii. four electrophysiological recording channels were used to distinguish seven behavioral states. because the rat shows behavioral stages which are short-lasting, the analysis is performed second by second. it is based on the detection of the signal energy in specific frequency bands. the percentage of time passed in each stage is computed every 15 min, 1 h, 6 h and 24 h, the analysi ... | 1988 | 3220599 |
| [eeg changes in rats after subchronic exposure to ethanol]. | eeg-investigations in rats were carried out 2 weeks after finishing a 3-month exposure scheme to ethanol (113 mmol/kg b.w., p.o., 5 times per week). we found pronounced disturbances of the sleep-wake behaviour as a reflection of a serious damage of the alertness-regulating system. the previously exposed animals did show disturbed vigilance and changes in the course and character of sleep, a reduction of power density in the alpha-, and an increase within the beta- and delta frequency bands of th ... | 1988 | 3240308 |
| changes in the rat sleep-wake cycle produced by d,l-beta-(1-naphthyl)alanine, a tryptophan analog. | the effects of i.p. injections of d,l-beta-(1-naphthyl)alanine, a synthetic analog of tryptophan were tested on the rat sleep-waking cycle. administration of 30, 60 and 120 mg/kg resulted in a significant increase in slow-wave sleep (sws) and a decrease in paradoxical sleep (ps). these modifications were dose-dependent. these results were compared with those previously obtained with l-tryptophan and several analogs and discussed in relation with possible changes in central serotonergic activity. | 1988 | 3241654 |
| [regeneration of the liver under the influence of e. coli endotoxin]. | studies were conducted into regeneration of rat liver exposed to the action of e. coli endotoxin, following two-third resection. no accelerated regeneration was found to take place in the wake of two-third hepatectomy and following postoperative intraperitoneal administration of e. coli endotoxin. however, regeneration was accelerated with significance in response to preoperative administration of 0.1 mg/kg body weight of e. coli endotoxin (b 5:55 difco). | 1988 | 3281394 |
| computer analysis of cardiovascular changes during sleep-wake cycle in sprague-dawley rats. | blood pressure (bp) and heart rate (hr) were recorded in seven sprague-dawley rats during a total of 491 normal sleep-wake cycles with the use of a computer-assisted method developed for this study. significant changes of bp, hr, and bp variability (bpv) were found between the three states within the cycle, i.e., wakefulness (w), slow-wave sleep (sws), and paradoxical sleep (ps). the highest bp, bpv, and hr values were found during w. then all cardiovascular (cv) variables fell during sws, where ... | 1988 | 3344812 |
| effects of nocturnal intraperitoneal administration of cholecystokinin in rats: simultaneous increase in sleep, increase in eeg slow-wave activity, reduction of motor activity, suppression of eating, and decrease in brain temperature. | rats received an i.p. injection of cholecystokinin-octapeptide sulfate ester (cck; 4, 10 or 50 micrograms/kg) or physiological saline at dark onset, and the 24-h sleep-wake cycle (12-h-dark and 12-h-light phases), spontaneous motor activity and brain temperature (tbr) were recorded. eeg activity was studied through spectral analysis for 2.5 h, and food intake was measured at the end of postinjection hour 1. in response to cck, non-rem sleep increased at the expense of wakefulness, and the sleep- ... | 1988 | 3345423 |
| cardiovascular changes during the sleep-wake cycle in spontaneous hypertensive rats and their genetically normotensive precursors. | blood pressure and heart rate were recorded in spontaneously hypertensive rats (sh) and in their genetically normotensive precursors (wky) during the sleep-wake cycle using a computer-assisted method. similar results were obtained in both strains: (a) no significant difference was observed in blood pressure values between slow-wave-sleep (sws) and the last 2 min of the preceding wakefulness (w) episode within the complete cycle; blood pressure then increased during ps. (b) heart rate values duri ... | 1988 | 3357757 |