Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| proteinase 2apro is essential for enterovirus replication in type i interferon-treated cells. | the picornaviridae family comprises a diverse group of small rna viruses that cause a variety of human and animal diseases. some of these viruses are known to induce cleavage of components of the innate immune system and to inhibit steps in the interferon pathway that lead to the production of type i interferon. there has been no study of the effect of picornaviral infection on the events that occur after interferons have been produced. to determine whether members of the enterovirus genus can a ... | 2009 | 19211759 |
| an optimized method to detect influenza virus and human rhinovirus from exhaled breath and the airborne environment. | respiratory viruses are difficult to characterize in the airborne environment due to their low concentration and the presence of a wide range of inhibitors. as a first step in studying airborne viruses, we optimized molecular biology methods to quantify influenza viruses and human rhinovirus. quantitative pcr was used as an endpoint to evaluate rna extraction techniques and reverse transcription protocols. we found that a trizol-chloroform extraction and multiscribe rt increased virus detection ... | 2009 | 19212587 |
| sequencing and analyses of all known human rhinovirus genomes reveal structure and evolution. | infection by human rhinovirus (hrv) is a major cause of upper and lower respiratory tract disease worldwide and displays considerable phenotypic variation. we examined diversity by completing the genome sequences for all known serotypes (n = 99). superimposition of capsid crystal structure and optimal-energy rna configurations established alignments and phylogeny. these revealed conserved motifs; clade-specific diversity, including a potential newly identified species (hrv-d); mutations in field ... | 2009 | 19213880 |
| human antibodies targeting cell surface antigens overexpressed by the hormone refractory metastatic prostate cancer cells: icam-1 is a tumor antigen that mediates prostate cancer cell invasion. | transition from hormone-sensitive to hormone-refractory metastatic tumor types poses a major challenge for prostate cancer treatment. tumor antigens that are differentially expressed during this transition are likely to play important roles in imparting prostate cancer cells with the ability to grow in a hormone-deprived environment and to metastasize to distal sites such as the bone and thus, are likely targets for therapeutic intervention. to identify those molecules and particularly cell surf ... | 2009 | 19219419 |
| sequence analysis of human rhinovirus aspirated from the nasopharynx of patients with relapsing-remitting ms. | upper respiratory infections were reported to trigger multiple sclerosis relapses. a relationship between picornavirus infections and ms relapses was recently reported. | 2009 | 19251837 |
| molecular characterization of human rhinovirus field strains isolated during surveillance of enteroviruses. | human rhinoviruses (hrvs), which are the most frequent causative agents of acute upper respiratory tract infections, are abundant worldwide. we have identified hrv strains in environmental specimens collected in finland, latvia and slovakia during the surveillance of polio- and other enteroviruses. these acid-sensitive hrv strains were isolated under conditions optimized for growth of most of the enteroviruses, i.e. in stationary human rhabdomyosarcoma cells incubated at 36 degrees c. phylogenet ... | 2009 | 19264616 |
| a picornaviral loop-to-loop replication complex. | picornaviruses replicate their rna genomes through a highly conserved mechanism that involves an interaction between the principal viral protease (3c(pro)) and the 5'-utr region of the viral genome. the 3c(pro) catalytic site is the target of numerous replication inhibitors. this paper describes the first structural model of a complex between a picornaviral 3c(pro) and a region of the 5'-utr, stem-loop d (sld). using human rhinovirus as a model system, we have combined nmr contact information, s ... | 2009 | 19268541 |
| effects of dietary supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid on experimental human rhinovirus infection and illness. | because studies suggest that the dietary supplement conjugated linoleic acid (cla) has immunomodulatory activities that might benefit common colds, we performed two studies of cla effects in experimental human rhinovirus (hrv) infection. | 2009 | 19320235 |
| conformation of receptor adopted upon interaction with virus revealed by site-specific fluorescence quenchers and fret analysis. | human rhinovirus serotype 2 (hrv2) specifically binds to very-low-density lipoprotein receptor (vldlr). among the eight extracellular repeats of vldlr, the third module (v3) has the highest affinity for the virus, and 12 copies of the genetically engineered concatamer v33333-his(6) were found to bind per virus particle. in the present study, ring formation of v33333-his(6) about each of the 12 5-fold symmetry axes on hrv2 was demonstrated by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (fret) between ... | 2009 | 19331321 |
| over-expression, rapid preparation and some properties of c-terminal barc region in pick1. | a dna fragment encoding c-terminal barc region (amino acids 128-416) of rat pick1 (np_445912 ) was inserted into a modified vector pmal-s involving human rhinovirus 3c protease cleavage site to produce a recombinant plasmid, pmal-s-barc. the construct can express the fusion protein, mbp-barc in the soluble form in e.coli. to remove the mbp tag, mbp-barc purified from amylose beads was digested with human rhinovirus 3c protease and the cleavage efficiency is about 95% when the ratio of protein / ... | 2009 | 19333433 |
| 5' noncoding region alone does not unequivocally determine genetic type of human rhinovirus strains. | 2009 | 19339481 | |
| selective transcriptional down-regulation of human rhinovirus-induced production of cxcl10 from airway epithelial cells via the mek1 pathway. | human rhinovirus (hrv) infections can trigger exacerbations of lower airway diseases. infection of airway epithelial cells induces production of a number of proinflammatory chemokines that may exacerbate airway inflammation, including cxcl10, a chemoattractant for type 1 lymphocytes and nk cells. primary human bronchial epithelial cells and the beas-2b human bronchial epithelial cell line were used to examine the role of mapk pathways in hrv-16-induced production of cxcl10. surprisingly, pd98059 ... | 2009 | 19342664 |
| cytoplasmic proteome and secretome profiles of differently stimulated human dendritic cells. | dendritic cells (dcs), the most potent and specialized antigen-presenting cells, play a key role in the regulation of the adaptive immunity. immature dcs were generated by in vitro culturing of peripheral blood monocytes and functionally activated with the classical pathogen-associated molecular pattern lipopolysaccharide (lps). alternative activation resulting in th-2 polarization was induced with lipid oxidation products derived from 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphorylcholin (oxp ... | 2009 | 19351150 |
| expression and purification of the calcium binding photoprotein mitrocomin using zz-domain as a soluble partner in e. coli cells. | we constructed a vector for soluble protein expression in the cytoplasm of escherichia coli cells using the cold induced system. the vector, named pcold-zz-p-x, consists of a histidine tag sequence, igg binding domain of protein a (zz domain), the cleavage site of human rhinovirus 3c protease followed by the multiple cloning sites under the controlled of the cold shock protein a (cspa) promoter and the lac operator. using this expression vector, the calcium binding photoprotein mitrocomin from l ... | 2009 | 19367679 |
| synthesis and antirhinovirus activity of new 3-benzyl chromene and chroman derivatives. | a series of 3-benzyl chromenes and chromans were synthesized and tested in vitro against human rhinovirus (hrv) 1b and 14, two representative serotypes for rhinovirus group b and a, respectively. all the new compounds, with the exception of 3-benzyl-2h-chromene (3a), showed a potent activity against hrv serotype 1b within micro or submicromolar range (ic(50)s from 0.11 to 6.62 microm). the low cytotoxicity of all the derivatives resulted in compounds with high therapeutic index (ti). on the cont ... | 2009 | 19398344 |
| antibodies to the buried n terminus of rhinovirus vp4 exhibit cross-serotypic neutralization. | development of a vaccine for the common cold has been thwarted by the fact that there are more than 100 serotypes of human rhinovirus (hrv). we previously demonstrated that the hrv14 capsid is dynamic and transiently displays the buried n termini of viral protein 1 (vp1) and vp4. here, further evidence for this "breathing" phenomenon is presented, using antibodies to several peptides representing the n terminus of vp4. the antibodies form stable complexes with intact hrv14 virions and neutralize ... | 2009 | 19403680 |
| detection of human rhinovirus c in children with acute lower respiratory tract infections in south korea. | recently, hrv-c was identified as a new species of hrv, but its spectrum of clinical disease is still not clear. the purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology of hrvs in children with acute lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis). a total of 54 hrv-positive samples that were negative for other respiratory viruses were sequenced. hrv-a was detected in 33, hrv-b in 4, and hrv-c in 17 of these samples. all hrv-c-positive patients showed favorable clinical outcomes. we c ... | 2009 | 19415451 |
| pneumonia and pericarditis in a child with hrv-c infection: a case report. | human rhinovirus type c is a recently discovered species that has been associated with respiratory tract infections of unusual severity in some cases. however, the precise type of diseases associated with this new human rhinovirus needs to be investigated. in the present report, we used adapted real-time pcr assays to screen different clinical specimens collected from a 14-month-old boy presenting an acute lower respiratory tract disease complicated by a severe pericarditis. rt-pcr identified pi ... | 2009 | 19427260 |
| human rhinoviruses: coming in from the cold. | abstract : rhinovirus infections cause at least 70% of virus-related wheezing exacerbations and cold and flu-like illnesses. infections are also associated with otitis media, sinusitis and pneumonia. the annual impact of human rhinovirus (hrv) infections costs billions of healthcare dollars. to date, 100 serotyped hrv or 'classical' strains have been divided between two genetically distinct species based on subgenomic sequences, but many more, apparently novel strains remain un-characterized, ci ... | 2009 | 19439028 |
| robust production of a peptide library using methodological synchronization. | peptide libraries have proven to be useful in applications such as substrate profiling, drug candidate screening and identifying protein-protein interaction partners. however, issues of fidelity, peptide length, and purity have been encountered when peptide libraries are chemically synthesized. biochemically produced libraries, on the other hand, circumvent many of these issues due to the fidelity of the protein synthesis machinery. using thioredoxin as an expression partner, a stably folded pep ... | 2009 | 19457455 |
| structure-activity relationships of heteroaromatic esters as human rhinovirus 3c protease inhibitors. | human rhinovirus 3c protease (hrv 3c(pro)) is known to be a promising target for development of therapeutic agents against the common cold because of the importance of the protease in viral replication as well as its expression in a large number of serotypes. to explore non-peptidic inhibitors of hrv 3c(pro), a series of novel heteroaromatic esters was synthesized and evaluated for inhibitory activity against hrv 3c(pro), to determine the structure-activity relationships. the most potent inhibit ... | 2009 | 19464175 |
| sensing picornaviruses using molecular imprinting techniques on a quartz crystal microbalance. | molecular imprinting techniques were adapted to design a sensor for the human rhinovirus (hrv) and the foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv), which are two representatives of picornaviruses. stamp imprinting procedures lead to patterned polyurethane layers that depict the geometrical features of the template virus, as confirmed by afm for hrv. quartz crystal microbalance (qcm) measurements show that the resulting layers incorporate the template viruses reversibly and lead to mass effects that are ... | 2009 | 19469532 |
| clinical severity and molecular typing of human rhinovirus c strains during a fall outbreak affecting hospitalized patients. | the circulation rate and the clinical severity of infections caused by members of the new human rhinovirus c (hrv-c) species remain to be defined. | 2009 | 19473873 |
| antiviral activity of the zinc ionophores pyrithione and hinokitiol against picornavirus infections. | we have discovered two metal ion binding compounds, pyrithione (pt) and hinokitiol (hk), that efficiently inhibit human rhinovirus, coxsackievirus, and mengovirus multiplication. early stages of virus infection are unaffected by these compounds. however, the cleavage of the cellular eukaryotic translation initiation factor eif4gi by the rhinoviral 2a protease was abolished in the presence of pt and hk. we further show that these compounds inhibit picornavirus replication by interfering with prop ... | 2009 | 18922875 |
| respiratory pathogens in respiratory tract illnesses during the first year of life: a birth cohort study. | respiratory virus infections are the most important trigger of respiratory illnesses in childhood. data on the occurrence and the clinical impact of respiratory pathogens in the general population of infants are scarce. therefore, we described the occurrence and clinical impact of respiratory pathogens in infants with respiratory tract infections during the first year of life. | 2009 | 19504730 |
| recurrent human rhinovirus infections in infants with refractory wheezing. | 2009 | 19523310 | |
| syk: a novel target for treatment of inflammation in lung disease. | spleen tyrosine kinase (syk) is widely expressed in the immune system and functions in the transmission of inflammatory signals via itam-bearing cell surface receptors. the broad expression pattern and importance of syk in regulating innate immunity and the inflammatory response have led to significant interest from the pharmaceutical industry to developing anti-syk therapeutics for the treatment of inflammatory disorders such as allergic rhinitis and rheumatoid arthritis. while the function and ... | 2009 | 19530990 |
| nitric oxide inhibits ifn regulatory factor 1 and nuclear factor-kappab pathways in rhinovirus-infected epithelial cells. | nitric oxide (no) has previously been shown to inhibit human rhinovirus (hrv) replication in airway epithelial cells and to inhibit rhinovirus-induced epithelial cytokine and chemokine production independently of its effects on viral replication by modulating nuclear translocation and binding of transcription factors. | 2009 | 19541350 |
| distribution and seasonality of rhinovirus and other respiratory viruses in a cross-section of asthmatic children in trinidad, west indies. | childhood asthma in the caribbean is advancing in prevalence and morbidity. though viral respiratory tract infections are reported triggers for exacerbations, information on these infections with asthma is sparse in caribbean territories. we examined the distribution of respiratory viruses and their association with seasons in acute and stable asthmatic children in trinidad. | 2009 | 19555507 |
| high prevalence of human rhinovirus c infection in thai children with acute lower respiratory tract disease. | to determine the prevalence of human rhinoviruses (hrv) infections in children with lower respiratory disease in thailand and monitor the association between species of hrv and clinical presentation in hospitalized paediatric patients. | 2009 | 19556008 |
| human rhinovirus c associated with wheezing in hospitalised children in the middle east. | few studies have investigated the disease burden and genetic diversity of human rhinoviruses (hrvs) in developing countries. | 2009 | 19581125 |
| prevalence and clinical characterization of a newly identified human rhinovirus c species in children with acute respiratory tract infections. | human rhinovirus c (hrv-c) is a newly identified genotype of hrv found in patients with respiratory tract infections (rtis); however, its epidemiological profile and clinical characteristics are not well understood. in this study, chinese children with rtis were screened for hrv-c and their epidemiological and clinical characteristics were analyzed. from december 2006 to november 2007, 406 nasopharyngeal aspirates from children younger than 14 years of age with rtis were screened for hrv and oth ... | 2009 | 19625482 |
| simultaneous detection of respiratory viruses in children with acute respiratory infection using two different multiplex reverse transcription-pcr assays. | a 4-tube multiplex rt-pcr (mrt-pcr), which showed higher sensitivity over conventional methods, was previously developed for the diagnosis of 14 viral pathogens of the respiratory tract. herein the mrt-pcr was compared to the commercial luminex mpcr-microsphere flow cytometry assay (resplex ii) which allows the detection of 12 different viruses. eleven different viruses were identified in 91 nasopharyngeal swabs of children with acute respiratory infection, influenza a (iav) and b, respiratory s ... | 2009 | 19638288 |
| timing and severity of community acquired respiratory virus infections after myeloablative versus non-myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | respiratory virus infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality after hematopoietic cell transplantation. their clinical course can be severe with progression to lower respiratory tract infection, co-infection with serious pulmonary co-pathogens, and high mortality. non-myeloablative conditioning regimens achieve engraftment without eradication of host hematopoietic cells, which potentially allows for protection against infections commonly seen in hematopoietic cell transplantation ... | 2009 | 19644142 |
| a rat model of picornavirus-induced airway infection and inflammation. | infection of the lower airways by rhinovirus, a member of the picornavirus family, is an important cause of wheezing illnesses in infants, and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rhinovirus-induced asthma exacerbations. given the absence of natural rhinovirus infections in rodents, we investigated whether an attenuated form of mengovirus, a picornavirus whose wild-type form causes systemic rather than respiratory infections in its natural rodent hosts, could induce airway infections i ... | 2009 | 19671179 |
| clinical and molecular epidemiology of human rhinovirus c in children and adults in hong kong reveals a possible distinct human rhinovirus c subgroup. | a novel human rhinovirus (hrv) species, hrv-c, was recently discovered, but its clinical features and epidemiology, compared with hrv-a and hrv-b, remains poorly understood, especially in adults. | 2009 | 19708791 |
| nitric oxide inhibits human rhinovirus-induced transcriptional activation of cxcl10 in airway epithelial cells. | human rhinovirus (hrv) infections trigger exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. nitric oxide (no) inhibits hrv replication in human airway epithelial cells and suppresses hrv-induced epithelial production of several cytokines and chemokines. | 2009 | 18986693 |
| the ssrna genome of human rhinovirus induces a type i ifn response but fails to induce maturation in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. | dendritic cells (dcs) use pattern recognition receptors to sense invading viruses and triggering of these receptors induces a maturation program. human rhinoviruses (hrvs) belong to the family of picornaviridae, which have a single-stranded, coding rna genome. because hrv does not replicate in dcs, we used genomic rna from hrv in this study to analyze the impact of natural occurring viral ssrna on dc function. we found that transfection of human monocyte-derived dcs with viral ssrna induced type ... | 2009 | 19734213 |
| cleavage of ips-1 in cells infected with human rhinovirus. | rhinoviruses are prevalent human pathogens that are associated with life-threatening acute asthma exacerbations. the innate immune response to rhinovirus infection, which may play an important role in virus-induced asthma induction, has not been comprehensively investigated. we examined the innate immune response in cells infected with human rhinovirus 1a (hrv1a). beta interferon (ifn-beta) mrna was induced in hrv1a-infected cells at levels significantly lower than in cells infected with sendai ... | 2009 | 19740998 |
| human rhinovirus group c in hospitalized children, singapore. | 2009 | 19751605 | |
| cxcr2 is required for neutrophilic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in a mouse model of human rhinovirus infection. | human rhinovirus (rv) infection is responsible for the majority of virus-induced asthma exacerbations. using a mouse model of human rv infection, we sought to determine the requirement of cxcr2, the receptor for elr-positive cxc chemokines, for rv-induced airway neutrophilia and hyperresponsiveness. wild-type and cxcr2(-/-) mice were inoculated intranasally with rv1b or sham hela cell supernatant. following rv1b infection, cxcr2(-/-) mice showed reduced airway and lung neutrophils and cholinergi ... | 2009 | 19864593 |
| the three-dimensional structure of infectious flacherie virus capsid determined by cryo-electron microscopy. | cryo-electron microscopy and image reconstruction were used to determine the three-dimensional structure of infectious flacherie virus (ifv). 5047 particles were selected for the final reconstruction. the fsc curve showed that the resolution of this capsid structure was 18 a. the structure is a psuedo t=3 (p=3) icosahedral capsid with a diameter of 302.4 a and a single shell thickness of 15 a. the density map showed that ifv has a smooth surface without any prominent protrude or depression. comp ... | 2009 | 20016976 |
| detection of viruses with molecularly imprinted polymers integrated on a microfluidic biochip using contact-less dielectric microsensors. | rapid detection of viral contamination remains a pressing issue in various fields related to human health including clinical diagnostics, the monitoring of food-borne pathogens, the detection of biological warfare agents as well as in viral clearance studies for biopharmaceutical products. the majority of currently available assays for virus detection are expensive, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. in the present work we report the creation of a novel micro total analysis system (microtas) c ... | 2009 | 20024035 |
| genetics, recombination and clinical features of human rhinovirus species c (hrv-c) infections; interactions of hrv-c with other respiratory viruses. | to estimate the frequency, molecular epidemiological and clinical associations of infection with the newly described species c variants of human rhinoviruses (hrv), 3243 diagnostic respiratory samples referred for diagnostic testing in edinburgh were screened using a vp4-encoding region-based selective polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for hrv-c along with parallel pcr testing for 13 other respiratory viruses. hrv-c was the third most frequently detected behind respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) an ... | 2009 | 20041158 |
| streptococcus pneumoniae coinfection is correlated with the severity of h1n1 pandemic influenza. | initial reports in may 2009 of the novel influenza strain h1n1pdm estimated a case fatality rate (cfr) of 0.6%, similar to that of seasonal influenza. in july 2009, however, argentina reported 3056 cases with 137 deaths, representing a cfr of 4.5%. potential explanations for increased cfr included virus reassortment or genetic drift, or infection of a more vulnerable population. virus genomic sequencing of 26 argentinian samples representing both severe and mild disease indicated no evidence of ... | 2009 | 20046873 |
| human rhinoviruses, allergy, and asthma: a clinical approach. | the prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing in lithuania as in the world. the prevalence of allergic sensitization is often higher than 50% of the population. the "hygiene hypothesis" proposed that reduced immune-stimulation by infections may have resulted in the more widespread clinical expression of atopic disease. however, it alone does not provide an adequate explanation for the observed increase of allergic diseases. human rhinovirus infections are the major infections with a worldwid ... | 2009 | 20051716 |
| human t lymphocyte migration towards the supernatants of human rhinovirus infected airway epithelial cells: influence of exercise and carbohydrate intake. | physical stress induces a marked redistribution of t lymphocytes that may be influenced by carbohydrate (cho) availability, yet the effect of these on t lymphocyte migration towards infected tissue is unknown. therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of strenuous exercise and cho ingestion on subsequent ex vivo lymphocyte migration towards the supernatants of a human rhinovirus (hrv)-infected bronchial epithelial cell line. in a randomised, cross-over, double-blind design, 7 ... | 2009 | 19957874 |
| chip electrophoretic characterization of liposomes with biological lipid composition: coming closer to a model for viral infection. | in first attempts at elucidating the transfer of the rna genome of a human rhinovirus through lipid membranes in vitro we made use of liposomes decorated with recombinant receptors. this model system was characterized previously by ce but suffered from the requirement for inclusion of polyethylene glycol-modified lipids for reliable separations [weiss, v. u., bilek, g., pickl-herk, a., blaas, d., kenndler, e., electrophoresis 2009, 30, 2123-2128.]. we here report the analysis of liposomes with a ... | 2009 | 20013915 |
| all known human rhinovirus species are present in sputum specimens of military recruits during respiratory infection. | human rhinoviruses (hrv) are known to cause common cold as well as more complicated respiratory infections. hrv species -a, -b and -c have all been associated with lower respiratory infections and exacerbations of asthma. however, the type distribution of strains connected to different kinds of lower respiratory conditions is not clearly known. we have analysed the presence of hrv in sputum specimens derived from military recruits with and without pre-diagnosed asthma at times of acute respirato ... | 2009 | 21994588 |
| severe human rhinovirus outbreak associated with fatalities in a long-term care facility in ontario, canada. | 2010 | 20929481 | |
| an rna replication-center assay for high content image-based quantifications of human rhinovirus and coxsackievirus infections. | picornaviruses are common human and animal pathogens, including polio and rhinoviruses of the enterovirus family, and hepatitis a or food-and-mouth disease viruses. there are no effective countermeasures against the vast majority of picornaviruses, with the exception of polio and hepatitis a vaccines. human rhinoviruses (hrv) are the most prevalent picornaviruses comprising more than one hundred serotypes. the existing and also emerging hrvs pose severe health risks for patients with asthma or c ... | 2010 | 20937137 |
| development of anti-viral agents using molecular modeling and virtual screening techniques. | computational chemistry has always played a key role in anti-viral drug development. the challenges and the quickly rising public interest when a virus is becoming a threat has significantly influenced computational drug discovery. the most obvious example is anti-aids research, where hiv protease and reverse transcriptase have triggered enormous efforts in developing and improving computational methods. methods applied to anti-viral research include (i) ligand-based approaches that rely on know ... | 2010 | 21189123 |
| application of the fc fusion format to generate tag-free bi-specific diabodies. | we previously reported the use of a humanized bi-specific diabody that targets epidermal growth factor receptor and cd3 (hex3-db) for cancer immunotherapy. bacterial expression can be used to express small recombinant antibodies on a large scale; however, their overexpression often results in the formation of insoluble aggregates, and in most cases artificial affinity peptide tags need to be fused to the antibodies for purification by affinity chromatography. here, we propose a novel method for ... | 2010 | 20015073 |
| human rhinovirus c infections mirror those of human rhinovirus a in children with community-acquired pneumonia. | human rhinoviruses (hrvs) are among the most common causes of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in children. however, the differential roles of the three hrv species hrv-a, hrv-b, and hrv-c in pediatric cap are not fully understood. | 2010 | 20728404 |
| liposomal leakage induced by virus-derived peptides, viral proteins, and entire virions: rapid analysis by chip electrophoresis. | permeabilization of model lipid membranes by virus-derived peptides, viral proteins, and entire virions of human rhinovirus was assessed by quantifying the release of a fluorescent dye from liposomes via a novel chip electrophoretic assay. liposomal leakage readily occurred upon incubation with the ph-sensitive synthetic fusogenic peptide gala and, less efficiently, with a 24mer peptide (p1-n) derived from the n-terminus of the capsid protein vp1 of human rhinovirus 2 (hrv2) at acidic ph. negati ... | 2010 | 20806784 |
| fragmentation of the golgi apparatus provides replication membranes for human rhinovirus 1a. | all viruses with a positive-stranded rna genome replicate their genomic rna in association with membranes from the host cell. here we demonstrate a novel organelle source of replication membranes for human rhinovirus 1a (hrv-1a). hrv-1a infection induces fragmentation of the golgi apparatus, and golgi membranes are rearranged into vesicles of approximately 250-500 nm diameter. the newly distributed golgi membranes co-localize with viral rna replication templates, strongly suggesting that the obs ... | 2010 | 20825962 |
| molecular monitoring of causative viruses in child acute respiratory infection in endemo-epidemic situations in shanghai. | numerous viruses are responsible for respiratory infections; however, both their distribution and genetic diversity, in a limited area and a population subgroup, have been studied only rarely during a sustained period of time. | 2010 | 20855230 |
| human monocytic cells direct the robust release of cxcl10 by bronchial epithelial cells during rhinovirus infection. | human rhinovirus (hrv) infections are a major cause of exacerbations in chronic respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but hrv-induced immune responses of the lower airway are poorly understood. earlier work examining cytokine release following hrv infection has focused on epithelial cells because they serve as the principal site of viral replication, and internalization and replication of viral rna appear necessary for epithelial cell mediator release. ... | 2010 | 20545701 |
| transmission route of rhinovirus type 39 in a monodispersed airborne aerosol. | the common cold affects millions of people. unfortunately, it remains unknown whether cold viruses enter the respiratory tract only through the nose and mouth or whether they can also enter through the tear ducts. transocular exposure to an airborne infectious dose of human rhinovirus did not lead to infection. | 2010 | 20569111 |
| proposals for the classification of human rhinovirus species c into genotypically assigned types. | human rhinoviruses (hrvs) are common respiratory pathogens associated with mild upper respiratory tract infections, but also increasingly recognized in the aetiology of severe lower respiratory tract disease. wider use of molecular diagnostics has led to a recent reappraisal of hrv genetic diversity, including the discovery of hrv species c (hrv-c), which is refractory to traditional virus isolation procedures. although it is heterogeneous genetically, there has to date been no attempt to classi ... | 2010 | 20610666 |
| specific cleavage of the nuclear pore complex protein nup62 by a viral protease. | previous work has shown that several nucleoporins, including nup62 are degraded in cells infected with human rhinovirus (hrv) and poliovirus (pv) and that this contributes to the disruption of certain nuclear transport pathways. in this study, the mechanisms underlying proteolysis of nup62 have been investigated. analysis of nup62 in lysates from hrv-infected cells revealed that nup62 was cleaved at multiple sites during viral infection. the addition of purified hrv2 2a protease (2a(pro)) to uni ... | 2010 | 20622012 |
| atomic force microscopy studies of human rhinovirus topology and molecular forces. | dynamic force microscopy (dfm) allows for imaging of the structure and assessment of the function of biological specimens in their physiological environment. in dfm, the cantilever is oscillated at a given frequency and touches the sample only at the end of its downward movement. accordingly, the problem of lateral forces displacing or even destroying biomolecules is virtually inexistent as the contact time and friction forces are greatly reduced. here, we describe the use of dfm in studies of h ... | 2010 | 20627169 |
| rhinovirus infection of allergen-sensitized and -challenged mice induces eotaxin release from functionally polarized macrophages. | human rhinovirus is responsible for the majority of virus-induced asthma exacerbations. to determine the immunologic mechanisms underlying rhinovirus (rv)-induced asthma exacerbations, we combined mouse models of allergic airways disease and human rhinovirus infection. we inoculated ova-sensitized and challenged balb/c mice with rhinovirus serotype 1b, a minor group strain capable of infecting mouse cells. compared with sham-infected, ova-treated mice, virus-infected mice showed increased lung i ... | 2010 | 20644177 |
| analysis of genetic diversity and sites of recombination in human rhinovirus species c. | human rhinoviruses (hrvs) are a highly prevalent and diverse group of respiratory viruses. although hrv-a and hrv-b are traditionally detected by virus isolation, a series of unculturable hrv variants have recently been described and assigned as a new species (hrv-c) within the picornavirus enterovirus genus. to investigate their genetic diversity and occurrence of recombination, we have performed comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of sequences from the 5' untranslated region (5' utr), vp4/vp2, ... | 2010 | 20668080 |
| new 4h-chromen-4-one and 2h-chromene derivatives as anti-picornavirus capsid-binders. | substituted (e)-3-styryl-4h-chromen-4-ones 1a-d, 3-[(1e,3e)-4-phenylbuta-1,3-dienyl]-4h-chromen-4-ones 2a-d, (e)-3-styryl-2h-chromenes 3a-d and 3-[(1e,3e)-4-phenylbuta-1,3-dienyl]-2h-chromenes 4a-d were designed and synthesized to improve the anti-picornavirus activity of previously tested analogues. the new compounds were evaluated in vitro against human rhinovirus (hrv) serotypes 1b and 14 and enterovirus (ev) 71. all the compounds interfered with the replication of picornaviruses, although co ... | 2010 | 20673722 |
| the role of respiratory virus infections in childhood asthma inception. | viral respiratory illnesses associated with wheezing are extremely common during early life and remain a frequent cause of morbidity and hospitalization in young children. although many children who wheeze with respiratory viruses during infancy outgrow the problem, most children with asthma and reductions in lung function at school age begin wheezing during the first several years of life. whether symptomatic viral infections of the lower respiratory tract are causal in asthma development or si ... | 2010 | 21029935 |
| new human rhinovirus species and their significance in asthma exacerbation and airway remodeling. | asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood, affecting 10% to 15% of all children. several different stimuli including allergens, tobacco smoke, certain drugs, and viral or bacterial infections are known to exacerbate asthma symptoms. among these triggers, viruses are frequent inducers of asthma exacerbations, with human rhinoviruses being the most common in children and adults. this article describes the different species of this virus and their roles as major triggers of asthma exac ... | 2010 | 21029937 |
| evaluation of commercial resplex ii v2.0, multicode-plx, and xtag respiratory viral panels for the diagnosis of respiratory viral infections in adults. | commercial multiplex pcr panels for respiratory viruses (prv) have been recently developed. resplex ii panel v2.0 (qiagen), multicode-plx (eragen biosciences), and xtag (luminex) prv's were studied. all assays detect influenza a and b, adenovirus, parainfluenza 1-3, respiratory syncytial virus a and b, human metapneumovirus and human rhinovirus. the resplex ii additionally detects coronavirus (229e, oc43, nl63, hku1), coxsackie/echo virus, bocavirus and differentiates adenoviruses (b, e). the mu ... | 2010 | 21050809 |
| immunolocalization of picornavirus rna in infected cells with antibodies to tyr-pup, the covalent linkage unit between vpg and rna. | the genomic rna of picornaviruses is attached to a small protein (vpg) via a covalent bond between a tyrosine and a 5'-terminal uridine phosphate. the same structure is present in potyvirus and calicivirus families. vpgs play a key role in initiation of viral replication by acting as primers for rna synthesis. the model compound [n(ac),co(nhme)]tyr-(5'p→o)up-o-(ch(2))(6)nh(2) (mclu), mimicking this 'covalent linkage unit' (clu) and containing tyr-pup was synthesized in solution following the pho ... | 2010 | 21056058 |
| phylogenetic patterns of human respiratory picornavirus species, including the newly identified group c rhinoviruses, during a 1-year surveillance of a hospitalized patient population in italy. | human rhinovirus species c (hrv-c) was the second most common hrv species detected in hospitalized patients in italy with acute respiratory disease during a 1-year surveillance period. sequencing of the picornavirus vp4/vp2 region allowed molecular typing of hrv-a and hrv-b and provisional typing of hrv-c. | 2010 | 21068279 |
| quantitative real-time pcr for rhinovirus, and its use in determining the relationship between tcid50 and the number of viral particles. | the development of a quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) assay for human rhinovirus serotype 16 (hrv16) is described using the plasmid pr16.11, which contains the full-length genome of hrv16. a standard curve was generated by plotting the critical threshold (c(t)) against numbers of plasmid. the limit of sensitivity was less than10 cdna copies, and the curve showed a high degree of linearity over a range of 10(1) to 10(6) cdna copies with r(2)≥0.9989. amplification efficiency of the qpcr was great ... | 2010 | 21070809 |
| pharmacophore-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel chloro-pyridazine piperazines as human rhinovirus (hrv-3) inhibitors. | a series of chloro-pyridazine piperazines were developed based on the structure of human rhinovirus (hrv) capsid-binding inhibitors with proven activity using a pharmacophore model. a preliminary evaluation demonstrated potent activity against hrv-3 with low cytotoxicity. a docking analysis indicated that 8a could fit into, and form tight interactions (e.g., h-bonds, σ-π effect) with the active site in vp1. | 2010 | 21215622 |
| rupintrivir is a promising candidate for treating severe cases of enterovirus-71 infection. | to evaluate the suitability of rupintrivir against enterovirus 71 (ev71) induced severe clinical symptoms using computational methods. | 2010 | 20066739 |
| anti-human rhinovirus activity of gallic acid possessing antioxidant capacity. | human rhinoviruses (hrvs) are a major cause of the common cold and until now there is no registered clinically effective antiviral chemotherapeutic agent for treatment of diseases caused by hrvs. our previous report showed that gallic acid from woodfordia fruticosa flowers possessed antioxidant activity. many studies reported that antioxidants possess antiviral activities against various viruses. therefore, we examined antiviral activity of gallic acid against hrvs and mode of its actions by obs ... | 2010 | 20104501 |
| molecular characterization and distinguishing features of a novel human rhinovirus (hrv) c, hrvc-qce, detected in children with fever, cough and wheeze during 2003. | human rhinoviruses (hrvs) are associated with more acute respiratory tract infections than any other viral group yet we know little about viral diversity, epidemiology or clinical outcome resulting from infection by strains, in particular the recently identified hrvs. | 2010 | 20106717 |
| rhinoviruses delayed the circulation of the pandemic influenza a (h1n1) 2009 virus in france. | in contrast to the experience in other european countries, the onset of the a(h1n1)2009 influenza virus epidemic was unexpectedly slow in france during the first part of autumn 2009. our objective was to test the hypothesis that intense circulation of rhinoviruses might have reduced the probability of infection by a(h1n1)2009 virus at the beginning of autumn 2009. systematic analysis for the detection of a(h1n1)2009 (h1n1) and human rhinovirus (hrv) was performed by rt-pcr from week 36 to week 4 ... | 2010 | 20121829 |
| newly identified human rhinoviruses: molecular methods heat up the cold viruses. | human rhinovirus (hrv) infections cause at least 70% of virus-related wheezing exacerbations and cold and flu-like illnesses. they are associated with otitis media, sinusitis and pneumonia. annually, the economic impact of hrv infections costs billions in healthcare and lost productivity. since 1987, 100 officially recognised hrv serotypes reside in two genetically distinct species; hrv a and hrv b, within the genus enterovirus, family picornaviridae. sequencing of their approximately 7kb genome ... | 2010 | 20127751 |
| human rhinovirus 14 enters rhabdomyosarcoma cells expressing icam-1 by a clathrin-, caveolin-, and flotillin-independent pathway. | intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (icam-1) mediates binding and entry of major group human rhinoviruses (hrvs). whereas the entry pathway of minor group hrvs has been studied in detail and is comparatively well understood, the pathway taken by major group hrvs is largely unknown. use of immunofluorescence microscopy, colocalization with specific endocytic markers, dominant negative mutants, and pharmacological inhibitors allowed us to demonstrate that the major group virus hrv14 enters rhabdomyo ... | 2010 | 20130060 |
| preparing an oncolytic poliovirus recombinant for clinical application against glioblastoma multiforme. | pvs-ripo is a genetically recombinant, non-pathogenic poliovirus chimera with a tumor-specific conditional replication phenotype. consisting of the genome of the live attenuated poliovirus type 1 (sabin) vaccine with its cognate ires element replaced with that of human rhinovirus type 2, pvs-ripo displays an inability to translate its genome in untransformed neuronal cells, but effectively does so in cells originating from primary tumors in the central nervous system or other cancers. hence, pvs ... | 2010 | 20299272 |
| do early-life viral infections cause asthma? | epidemiologic associations between viral lower respiratory infections (lris) and asthma in later childhood are well known. however, the question of whether such infections cause asthma or unmask asthma in a susceptible host has still not been settled. most early evidence centered on the role of the respiratory syncytial virus; however, recent studies highlight a potential role for human rhinovirus as a risk factor for asthma. the links between early-life viral lri and subsequent asthma are gener ... | 2010 | 20304476 |
| engineering of single ig superfamily domain of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (icam-1) for native fold and function. | the immunoglobulin (ig) superfamily is one of the largest families in the vertebrate genome, found most frequently in cell surface molecules. intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1) contains five extracellular ig superfamily domains (d1-d5) of which the first domain, d1, is the binding site for the integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (lfa-1) and human rhinovirus. despite the modular nature of many ig superfamily domains with respect to domain folding and ligand recognition, d1 d ... | 2010 | 20304924 |
| role of rhinovirus c respiratory infections in sick and healthy children in spain. | recently a new genogroup of human rhinovirus (hrv) has been described and named hrv-c. the relative importance of hrv-c in viral respiratory tract illnesses is unknown. | 2010 | 20305581 |
| weekly monitoring of children with asthma for infections and illness during common cold seasons. | exacerbations of childhood asthma and rhinovirus infections both peak during the spring and fall, suggesting that viral infections are major contributors to seasonal asthma morbidity. | 2010 | 20392488 |
| form, symmetry and packing of biomacromolecules. ii. serotypes of human rhinovirus. | the differentiation of the human rhinovirus into serotypes, all having very similar structures and the same architecture, is shown to be related to the packing of the viruses in the crystal and to its space-group symmetry. the molecular crystallographic properties (here described in terms of a molecular lattice lambda(m) instead of the form lattice lambda(f) considered in previous publications) appear to be compatible with the crystal structure and with the packing lattice lambda(p), introduced ... | 2010 | 20404439 |
| pre-clinical safety evaluation of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. | pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (pdtc) was examined for its potential in the intranasal treatment of human rhinovirus infections. prior to clinical testing, a comprehensive non-clinical programme was performed to evaluate the general toxicity of pdtc. the animal experiments included investigations in rodents with study durations ranging from single dose to repeated dosing over a period of 28 days. the routes of administration were intranasal, inhalative, oral and intravenous for single-dose toxicity ... | 2010 | 20406205 |
| anti-human rhinovirus activity of raoulic acid from raoulia australis. | human rhinoviruses (hrvs), members of the picornaviridae family, are composed of over 100 different virus serotypes. until now there is no recorded clinically effective antiviral chemotherapeutic agent for treatment of diseases caused by hrvs. our previous study of raoulic acid tested against serotype human rhinoviruses showed anti-hrv2 (species a) and -3 (species b) activities. in this study, raoulic acid was found to possess broad-spectrum antiviral activity against six hrvs with a 50% inhibit ... | 2010 | 20412019 |
| mechanism of initiation site selection promoted by the human rhinovirus 2 internal ribosome entry site. | translation initiation site usage on the human rhinovirus 2 internal ribosome entry site (ires) has been examined in a mixed reticulocyte lysate/hela cell extract system. there are two relevant aug triplets, both in a base-paired hairpin structure (domain vi), with one on the 5' side at nucleotide (nt) 576, base paired with the other at nt 611, which is the initiation site for polyprotein synthesis. a single residue was inserted in the apical loop to put aug-576 in frame with aug-611, and in add ... | 2010 | 20427535 |
| human rhinovirus proteinase 2a induces th1 and th2 immunity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | tobacco-related lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), are major causes of lung-related disability and death worldwide. acute exacerbation of copd (ae-copd) is commonly associated with upper and lower respiratory tract viral infections and can result in respiratory failure in those with advanced lung disease. | 2010 | 20430426 |
| analysis of the complete genome sequences of human rhinovirus. | human rhinovirus (hrv) infection is the cause of about one half of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations. with more than 100 serotypes in the hrv reference set, an effort was undertaken to sequence their complete genomes so as to understand the diversity, structural variation, and evolution of the virus. analysis revealed conserved motifs, hypervariable regions, a potential fourth hrv species, within-serotype variation in field isolates, a nonscanning internal ribosome e ... | 2010 | 20471068 |
| inhibitory effects of orobol 7-o-d-glucoside from banaba (lagerstroemia speciosa l.) on human rhinoviruses replication. | the anti-human rhinovirus (hrv) activity of orobol 7-o-d-glucoside (o7g) from lagerstroemia speciosa l. (lythraceae) was evaluated in hela cells. | 2010 | 20497313 |
| rhinovirus c and respiratory exacerbations in children with cystic fibrosis. | to investigate a possible role for human rhinovirus c in respiratory exacerbations of children with cystic fibrosis, we conducted microbiologic testing on respiratory specimens from 103 such patients in são paulo, brazil, during 2006-2007. a significant association was found between the presence of human rhinovirus c and respiratory exacerbations. | 2010 | 20507756 |
| human rhinovirus and coronavirus detection among allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients. | little is known about clinical and virologic manifestations of rhinovirus (hrv) and coronavirus (hcov) infections after hematopoietic cell transplantation (hct). we performed surveillance for 1 year and describe the natural history of these infections during the first 100 days after allogeneic hct, when symptom surveys and upper respiratory samples were collected weekly. samples were tested using rt-pcr for hrvs and hcovs (oc43, 229e, hku1, and nl63). among 215 patients, 64 (30%) patients had 67 ... | 2010 | 20042728 |
| human rhinovirus-induced epithelial production of cxcl10 is dependent upon ifn regulatory factor-1. | human rhinovirus (hrv) infections are associated with exacerbations of lower-airway diseases. hrv-induced production of proinflammatory chemokines, such as cxcl10, from infected airway epithelial cells may play a role in the pathogenesis of exacerbations. we have previously shown that the map/erk kinase (mek) pathway selectively down-regulates hrv-16-induced epithelial production of cxcl10 by modulating nuclear translocation and/or binding of ifn regulatory factor (irf)-1 with the cxcl10 promote ... | 2010 | 19880820 |
| human rhinovirus causes severe infection in preterm infants. | data of 11 infants (median gestational age and birth weight 30 weeks and 1520 g, respectively) with severe human rhinovirus infection (hrv) are described. nine of 11 (82%) were preterm infants and 7 of these 9 (78%) became infected during their stay in the neonatal intensive care unit. all infants presented with respiratory distress and all needed respiratory support for a median of 6 days. radiologic findings included perihilar streakiness, atelectasis, focal consolidation, and hyperinflation. ... | 2010 | 19935443 |
| full-genome sequence and analysis of a novel human rhinovirus strain within a divergent hrv-a clade. | genome sequences of human rhinoviruses (hrv) have primarily been from stocks collected in the 1960s, with genomes and phylogeny of modern hrvs remaining undefined. here, two modern isolates (hrv-a101 and hrv-a101-v1) collected approximately 8 years apart were sequenced in their entirety. incorporation into our full-genome hrv alignment with subsequent phylogenetic network inference indicated that these represent a unique hrv-a, localized within a distinct divergent clade. they appear to have res ... | 2010 | 19936613 |
| phylogenetic and cluster analysis of human rhinovirus species a (hrv-a) isolated from children with acute respiratory infections in yamagata, japan. | we performed phylogenetic and cluster analysis of human rhinovirus species a (hrv-a) isolated from 76 children with acute respiratory infection in yamagata prefecture, japan during the period 2003-2007. phylogenetic trees based on the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the vp4/vp2 coding region showed that the present strains could be classified into 11 and 8 clusters, respectively. the homology among the present strains ranged from 66.6% to 100% at the nucleotide level and 84.7% to 100% at ... | 2010 | 19945490 |
| human rhinovirus infection up-regulates mmp-9 production in airway epithelial cells via nf-{kappa}b. | human rhinovirus (hrv) infections up-regulate proinflammatory mediators and growth factors that are associated with exacerbations of inflammatory airway diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). matrix metalloproteinase (mmp)-9 was shown to be increased in the airways of patients with asthma and copd. we sought to determine whether hrv infection modulated the expression of mmp-9 and its highest-affinity inhibitor, the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (timp)- ... | 2010 | 19783786 |
| serum ip-10 as a biomarker of human rhinovirus infection at exacerbation of copd. | human rhinovirus (hrv) is the most frequent virus associated with copd exacerbations. viral infections increase exacerbation severity and likelihood of hospitalization. as ease of sampling blood makes serum a more practical marker than sputum, we investigated whether changes in serum interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 (ip-10) from baseline to exacerbation were higher in airway hrv-positive exacerbations and whether ip-10 levels related to hrv load. | 2010 | 19837822 |
| cigarette smoke modulates rhinovirus-induced airway epithelial cell chemokine production. | human rhinovirus (hrv) infections induce epithelial cell production of chemokines that may contribute to the pathogenesis of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and asthma. cigarette smoking is the predominant risk factor for the development of copd and also aggravates asthma symptoms. we examined whether cigarette smoke extract (cse) modulates viral inflammation by altering the profile of hrv-induced epithelial chemokine production. purified hrv-16, and cse were used t ... | 2010 | 19840959 |
| multiplex molecular detection of respiratory pathogens in children with asthma exacerbation. | up to 80% of asthma exacerbations in white children are associated with viral upper respiratory infections. the relative importance of different respiratory pathogens and relevant microbiological data in asian children are unclear. this study elucidated the epidemiology of respiratory infections in hong kong children with asthma exacerbation. | 2010 | 19749009 |