Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| a conventionally attenuated glycoprotein e-negative strain of bovine herpesvirus type 1 is an efficacious and safe vaccine. | we examined the vaccine properties of a conventionally attenuated bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) mutant strain a. this strain has a deletion that encompasses the glycoprotein e gene and may therefore be used as a marker vaccine. we compared strain a with a commercial live bhv-1 vaccine b. calves were intranasally vaccinated with strain a or with vaccine b. strain a was virtually avirulent for young calves. after challenge, vaccinated calves were protected against disease and virus shedding wa ... | 1994 | 8023552 |
| a gd homologous gene of feline herpesvirus type 1 encodes a hemagglutinin (gp60). | a gene-encoding glycoprotein d (gd) homologue of feline herpesvirus type 1 (fhv-1) was identified and sequenced. it was located within an ecori 4.3-kbp fragment in the middle of the unique short region. the primary translation product of the gd homologous gene is predicted to consist of 374 amino acids with a molecular weight (mw) of 43.2 kda. comparative analysis among gd counterparts of other herpesviruses revealed that six cysteine residues which correlate with disulfide bond structure were c ... | 1994 | 8030205 |
| protein and dna elements involved in transactivation of the promoter of the bovine herpesvirus (bhv) 1 ie-1 transcription unit by the bhv alpha gene trans-inducing factor. | in herpes simplex virus (hsv)-infected cells, the transcription of immediate-early (alpha) genes is regulated by a virion component, the alpha gene trans-inducing factor (alpha tif). this protein forms a complex with cellular factors and taatgarat motifs present in one or more copies in the promoters of all alpha genes. we have characterized the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) homolog of this protein. like its hsv counterpart, the bhv alpha tif was synthesized in the later stages of infection and c ... | 1994 | 8035488 |
| experimental infection of neonatal calves with neurovirulent bovine herpesvirus type 1.3. | a type of bovine herpesvirus, bhv-1.3, causes encephalitis in calves, whereas bhv-1.1 causes respiratory disease. three colostrum-deprived calves and two colostrum-fed calves were inoculated with bhv-1.3 by intranasal aerosolization. two colostrum-deprived calves were inoculated with bhv-1.1 by intranasal aerosolization. bhv-1.3-inoculated calves demonstrated severe encephalitis with minimal respiratory lesions, and bhv-1.1-inoculated calves demonstrated severe respiratory lesions and no clinica ... | 1994 | 8053131 |
| characterization of a replicating and packaged defective rna of avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | the beaudette strain of ibv was passaged 16 times in chick kidney cells. total cellular rna was analyzed by northern hybridization and was probed with 32p-labeled cdna probes corresponding to the first 2 kb of the 5' end of the genome, but excluding the leader, and to the last 1.8 kb of the 3' end of the genome. a new, defective ibv rna species (cd-91) was detected at passage 6. the defective rna, present in total cell extract rna and in oligo-(dt)30-selected rna from passage 15, was amplified b ... | 1994 | 8053152 |
| influence of triiodothyronine injections on calf immune response to an infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus challenge and nitrogen balance of lambs. | three experiments were conducted to determine the influence of triiodothyronine (t3) or propylthiouracil (ptu) on the humoral immune response of calves challenged with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv) and on nitrogen depletion and repletion of lambs deprived of feed and water for 3 d. in exp. 1, 18 steer calves (bw 284 +/- 6 kg) challenged with ibrv were limit-fed (1.5% bw) a 60% concentrate diet and injected (s.c.) daily with alkaline saline, .4 mg of t3, or .8 mg of t3. injection ... | 1994 | 8056673 |
| fatal, generalized bovine herpesvirus type-1 infection associated with a modified-live infectious bovine rhinotracheitis parainfluenza-3 vaccine administered to neonatal calves. | generalized bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) infection was diagnosed in six salers calves from the same herd. the calves had received an intramuscular injection of modified-live infectious bovine rhinotracheitis parainfluenza-3 vaccine between birth and three days of age. the purpose of this study was to determine if the outbreak was associated with the vaccine strain of bhv-1. analysis of epidemiological data and bhv-1 dna for restriction fragment length polymorphism was undertaken. multifocal necr ... | 1994 | 8076277 |
| identification of a putative cellular receptor for bovine herpesvirus 1. | recognition of a host cell receptor by a virus is the first and perhaps the most crucial step in initiating the disease process. this study was undertaken to identify the cellular receptor(s) for bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1). previously, we reported the development and characterization of bovine anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-ids) that induce neutralizing antibodies to bhv-1. these anti-ids inhibit bhv-1 penetration of permissive cells. we have used these anti-ids, which mimic an epitope on the ... | 1994 | 8077928 |
| a glycoprotein e deletion mutant of bovine herpesvirus 1 is avirulent in calves. | a marker vaccine elicits an antibody response in the host that can be distinguished from the antibody response induced by a wild-type strain. to obtain a bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) marker vaccine, we constructed a glycoprotein e (ge) deletion mutant. this was obtained by removing the complete ge coding region from the bhv-1 genome. to attenuate the ge deletion mutant further, we also introduced a small deletion in the thymidine kinase (tk) gene. we selected three mutants: the ge deletion mutan ... | 1994 | 8077929 |
| large and small subunits of the aujeszky's disease virus ribonucleotide reductase: nucleotide sequence and putative structure. | we determined the entire dna sequence of two adjacent open reading frames of aujeszky's disease virus encoding ribonucleotide reductase genes with the intergenic sequence of 9 bp. from the sequence analysis we deduce that orfs encode large and small subunits, with sizes of 835 and 303 amino acids, respectively. amino acid sequence comparison of adv rr2 with that of equine herpesvirus type 1, bovine herpesvirus type 1, hsv-1 and varicella zoster virus revealed that 48% of amino acids represent cl ... | 1994 | 8086454 |
| a comparison of restrictive endonuclease sites of bovine herpesvirus type 1 isolates in chile. | the frutillar 82, f nasal 90, f vaginal 90, puente alto 77, vmlb 79, and bio bio 92 isolates of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) from chile were analysed by eco ri, bam hi and hind iii restriction enzymes (re). the los angeles (la) strain was used as reference. the results indicated that the fingerprints of f nasal 90 and f vaginal 90 were identical to the three re used, but they were different from the other isolates. major differences were found for puente alto 77 and vmlb 79 isolates with eco ri, ... | 1994 | 7701858 |
| amplification of strains of bovine herpesvirus 1 by use of polymerase chain reaction with primers in the thymidine kinase region. | a primer pair was designed from the published nucleotide sequence of the coding region of the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) thymidine kinase (tk) gene for use in detection of the virus by use of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of 12 bhv-1 strains (3 atcc and 9 local isolates). a tk deletion mutant bhv-1, and 2 bhv-4 strains from atcc were used as negative controls. one strain each of feline herpes-virus, equine herpesvirus, and bovine adenovirus, and 2 noninoculated bovine cultured ... | 1994 | 7802385 |
| quantitative assessment of the specific cd4+ t lymphocyte proliferative response in bovine herpesvirus 1 immune cattle. | we quantified the cd4+ t cell proliferation specific for bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from cattle. the stimulation index as detected in proliferative assays performed in the presence of bhv-1 antigen is highly variable in immune cattle. by using proliferative assays performed after negative selection we showed that, as expected, cd4+ t cells were the limiting cell type for antigen-induced proliferation. neither b, gamma delta t nor cd8+ cells seemed to be in ... | 1994 | 7810061 |
| [development of pcr tests for the detection of bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine respiratory syncytial viruses and pestiviruses]. | the development of pcr assays for detection of bhv-1, brsv, bvdv and another pestiviruses is summarized. a polymerase chain reaction assay based on primers selected from the viral gi glycoprotein gene detected 3 fg pure bhv-1 dna, 0.1-1.0 tcid50 or a single infected cell. no amplification was observed with dna from bhv-2, bhv-3, bhv-4, ohv-1 or ohv-2. however, a fragment of the correct size (468 bp) was amplified using dna from herpesviruses isolated from reindeer, red deer and goat. the pcr ass ... | 1994 | 7817501 |
| evidence of persistent malignant catarrhal fever infection in a cow obtained by nucleic acid hybridisation. | a natural non-fatal case of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever in a cow is reported. viral dna confirmed by nucleic acid hybridisation and polymerase chain reaction persisted in peripheral blood leukocytes for at least 3 months after the clinical onset of the disease. concultivation of leukocytes with various cell cultures failed to result in isolation of the virus either by cytopathic effect or by nucleic acid hybridisation. | 1994 | 7745589 |
| epitope-specific antibody responses in market-stressed calves to bovine herpesvirus type 1. | reciprocal competition elisa (rcelisa) was conducted to map monoclonal antibodies (mabs) reactive with gi, giii and giv glycoproteins of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) into epitope groups. mabs to glycoproteins gi and giv were divided into six epitope groups each, while giii mabs had been previously divided into four areas. mabs were chosen from each epitope group to compete in celisa wih bovine sera collected during a typical regimen of vaccination and transportation from farm to auction to ... | 1994 | 7526569 |
| a simple, specific, and highly sensitive blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to bovine herpesvirus 1. | by using a monoclonal antibody directed against an epitope located on glycoprotein b of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1), a simple, convenient blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) which combines a high sensitivity with a low false-positive rate has been developed. the test can be performed at low variance on undiluted bovine serum samples. the epitope on glycoprotein b appears to be conserved, because it could be detected by immunostaining in all of 160 bhv1 isolates originating from 10 ... | 1994 | 7529249 |
| fine mapping of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein d (gd) neutralizing epitopes by type-specific monoclonal antibodies and sequence comparison with bhv-5 gd. | overlapping fragments of the bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein (gd) orf were expressed as trpe-gd fusion proteins in escherichia coli to map linear neutralizing epitopes defined by bhv-1-specific mabs. the mabs 3402 and r54 reacted with the expressed fragments on western blots that located the epitopes between the amino acids 52-126 and 165-216, respectively, of gd. bovine covalescent sera with high neutralizing antibody titers against bhv-1 reacted with these bacterially expressed prote ... | 1995 | 7530392 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis of bovine herpesvirus type 1 isolates from calves with fatal encephalitis: comparison with vaccine virus. | meningo-encephalitis in feedlot cattle sporadically occurred in the tokachi area in northern japan. the calves had been vaccinated intranasally with a mixed live-vaccine (infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease virus, and parainfluenza 3 virus) for which intramuscular inoculation was indicated. two additional live vaccines, bovine adenovirus type 7 and bovine respiratory syncytical virus, had been inoculated simultaneously. eleven isolates of bovine herpesv ... | 1995 | 7548427 |
| a glycoprotein e deletion mutant of bovine herpesvirus 1 infects the same limited number of tissues in calves as wild-type virus, but for a shorter period. | to gain insight into the role of glycoprotein e of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), we compared the distribution of wild-type (wt) bhv-1 with that of a ge deletion mutant (ge-) in calves after intranasal inoculation. the wt-infected calves had severe clinical signs, but the ge(-)-infected calves were virtually free of clinical signs. at 3, 4, 7, 8, 44, 45, 50 and 51 days post-infection (p.i.), one calf from each group was killed and tissues were collected for virus isolation and pcr analysis. at 3, ... | 1995 | 7561782 |
| sequence analysis of the ul39, ul38, and ul37 homologues of bovine herpesvirus 1 and expression studies of ul40 and ul39, the subunits of ribonucleotide reductase. | we sequenced the region of the bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) genome corresponding to map units 0.172-0.230 (7964 bp), representing the ul39, ul38, and ul37 homologues of herpes simplex virus which encode the large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (rr) and components of the viral capsid and the tegument, respectively. to discriminate between two potential initiator augs of the ul39 gene, the 5' end of the mrna was mapped by s1 nuclease protection assays. comparison of the amino acid sequen ... | 1995 | 7571445 |
| abortion in heifers inoculated with a thymidine kinase-negative recombinant of bovine herpesvirus 1. | the copper isolate of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) was used to produce a thymidine kinase-negative (tk-) recombinant by insertion of a beta-galactosidase (bgal) expression cassette into the tk coding region. the recombinant virus (tk- bgal+) was tested for abortifacient activity in cattle by inoculation of 5 pregnant heifers at 25 to 29 weeks gestation. five additional heifers were inoculated with the cooper tk-positive (tk+) virus to serve as controls. after inoculation, both groups of heifers ... | 1995 | 7574153 |
| cloning of 2.4 kb bovine herpesvirus-1 dna fragment containing glycoprotein iii gene into puc18 plasmid vector. | a recombinant pbr322 plasmid containing bovine herpesvirus-1 hindiii 'i' fragment was analysed using ecori and bamhi restriction endonucleases. this recombinant plasmid was labelled with [alpha 32p]datp and hybridized with southern blot of hindiii digested bhv-1 dna fragments. a 2.4 kb double digested ecori-bamhi fragment of hindiii 'i' was subcloned into puc18 plasmid to get complete giii gene. the recombinant puc18 plasmid was analysed for 2.4 kb bhv-1 dna insert by restriction digestion with ... | 1995 | 7590952 |
| study of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to bovine herpes virus type-1 (cooper strain) by immunoperoxidase and immunoelectron microscopy. | three neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) that are specific against bovine herpes virus type-1 (bhv-1) were studied as to their viral specificity by immunoperoxidase and immunoelectron microscopy. microscopic examination of gbk bhv-1 infected cells revealed peroxidase activity represented by red-brown granular deposits in the nucleus and cytoplasm. no immunoperoxidase activity was observed in negative controls. for the ultrastructural observations, two approaches were used. firstly we test ... | 1995 | 7599599 |
| characterization of cell-binding properties of bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoproteins b, c, and d: identification of a dual cell-binding function of gb. | previous studies have suggested that the attachment of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) to permissive cells is mediated by its major glycoproteins b (gb), c (gc), and d (gd). in order to gain further insight into the mechanism of the bhv-1 attachment process, we purified authentic gb, gc, and gd from bhv-1-infected cells and membrane anchor-truncated, soluble gb, gc, and gd from stably transfected cell lines by affinity chromatography and examined their cell-binding properties on madin-darby bovine ... | 1995 | 7609042 |
| bovine herpesvirus 1 in semen of bulls and the risk of transmission: a brief review. | outbreaks of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) infections in artificial insemination centres can run a clinical or subclinical course. clinical signs vary from mild to severe balanoposthitis and may be associated with a decrease in semen quality. after intranasal as well as intrapreputial infection, bhv1 can replicate in the preputial and penile mucosae, although the pattern of virus shedding in semen differs considerably per individual bull. beyond the primary phase of a genital infection, bhv1 remai ... | 1995 | 7610554 |
| sequence characteristics of a gene in infectious laryngotracheitis virus homologous to glycoprotein d of herpes simplex virus. | an infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv, gallid herpesvirus 1) gene homologous to glycoprotein d of herpes simplex virus (hsv) was identified and characterized by its nucleotide and derived amino acid sequence. the iltv gd gene is located in the unique short region (u(s)) and contains an open reading frame capable of specifying a polypeptide of 380 amino acids, including n- and c- terminal hydrophobic domains consistent with signal and anchor regions respectively, and no potential sites for ... | 1995 | 7612933 |
| diagnosis of encephalitic bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5) infection in cattle: virus isolation and immunohistochemical detection of antigen in formalin-fixed bovine brain tissues. | 1995 | 7619909 | |
| the use of a non-specific defence mechanism inducer in calves exposed to bovine herpesvirus-1 infection: preliminary trials. | the efficacy of an immunomodulator, the baypamun (bayer ag), was tested in calves which were subsequently exposed to bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) infection. two groups of calves, of 8 animals each, were used for two trials. in one trial, 4 calves were treated with the immunomodulator and the remaining 4 were left as untreated controls. two hours after the first injection of baypamun, all calves, i.e. the treated and the untreated ones, were challenged with bhv-1. comparing them to the untreated ... | 1995 | 7621672 |
| [behavior of orf virus in permissive and nonpermissive systems]. | dogs were immunized i.m. with attenuated poxvirus vaccines (vaccinia virus, orf-virus) and a bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) vaccine. after intradermal (i.d.) application of the vaccine viruses a specific delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) reaction of the skin occurred only with vaccinia virus. the i.d. application of orf-virus caused a short-term, non-specific inflammatory reaction of the skin, even in dogs not immunized with orf-virus. out of 30 sera from orf-virus immunized beagles (n = 4) only ... | 1995 | 7624861 |
| the bovine herpesvirus alpha gene trans-inducing factor activates transcription by mechanisms different from those of its herpes simplex virus type 1 counterpart vp16. | in herpes simplex virus (hsv)-infected cells, viral gene expression is initiated when the immediate-early, or alpha, genes are transactivated by the alpha gene trans-inducing factor (alpha tif), a component of the infecting virion. the protein binds to one or more recognition elements (taatgarat) in the promoters of alpha genes via interaction with the cellular proteins oct-1 and cff. the alpha tif of hsv (hsv-alpha tif) is believed to subsequently accelerate the assembly of the transcription co ... | 1995 | 7636962 |
| identification of gene products encoded by the latency-related gene of bovine herpesvirus 1. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) establishes a latent infection in sensory ganglionic neurons of infected animals. expression of latency-related (lr) gene products is controlled by a 980-bp fragment (lr promoter). dna sequence analysis revealed that two major open reading frames (orfs) are in the lr gene. antibodies directed against both orfs were generated in rabbits by using synthetic peptides. antibody p2, which is directed to sequences near the amino terminus of orf 2, recognized a 41-kda protei ... | 1995 | 7636978 |
| effect of recombinant bovine interleukin-1 beta on viral/bacterial pneumonia in cattle. | bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) is an important pathogen of respiratory infections in cattle. its continuing importance lies in its ability to predispose infected hosts to bacterial infections (e.g., pasteurella haemolytica). in this study we determined whether the immunoregulatory effects induced by recombinant bovine interleukin-1 (rbil-1) could stimulate appropriate host defense mechanisms to influence the course of bhv-1 and p. haemolytica infection in cattle. we first evaluated the effect of m ... | 1995 | 7648445 |
| comparison of dot blot hybridization, polymerase chain reaction, and virus isolation for detection of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) in artificially infected bovine semen. | bovine semen samples spiked with bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) were used to compare dot blot hybridization, polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and virus isolation for detection of bhv-1 in bovine semen. the pcr amplification used primers targeting the bhv-1 thymidine kinase gene and a nucleic acid releasing cocktail (genereleaser); the pcr product was used as the dna probe in dot blot hybridization; virus isolation was done in primary bovine fetal testis (bft) cell cultures. semen diluted 1:20 in t ... | 1995 | 7648521 |
| establishment of conditions for the detection of bovine herpesvirus-1 by polymerase chain reaction using primers in the thymidine kinase region. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for detection of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) was developed and optimized using 22 bp sense and 20 bp antisense primers in the thymidine kinase (tk) coding region. the amplification product is 183 bp long. the pcr optimization was done using bhv-1 tissue culture supernate (bhv-1tcs), concentrated bhv-1 tissue culture supernate (cbhv-1tcs) and sucrose gradient purified bhv-1 (pbhv-1). the sensitivity of four methods of sample preparation which are standard dna extr ... | 1995 | 7648533 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus: biotypes and disease. | bovine viral diarrhea virus continues to produce significant economic losses for the cattle industry and challenges investigators with the complexity of diseases it produces and the mechanisms by which it causes disease. this paper updates and attempts to clarify information regarding the roles of noncytopathic and cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea viruses in persistent infections and mucosal disease. it also covers, in brief, what is known of the new diseases: thrombocytopenia and hemorrhagic di ... | 1995 | 7648541 |
| the bovine herpesvirus 1 maturational proteinase and scaffold proteins can substitute for the homologous herpes simplex virus type 1 proteins in the formation of hybrid type b capsids. | we determined the nucleotide sequence of a 3.5-kb region of the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) genome which contained the complete bhv-1 homologs of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) ul26 and ul26.5 genes. in hsv-1, the ul26 and ul26.5 open reading frames encode scaffold proteins upon which viral capsids are assembled. the ul26-encoded protein is also a proteinase and specifically cleaves both itself and the ul26.5-encoded protein. the overall bhv-1-encoded amino acid sequence showed only 41 ... | 1995 | 7474173 |
| identification and transcriptional analysis of a 3'-coterminal gene cluster containing ul1, ul2, ul3, and ul3.5 open reading frames of bovine herpesvirus-1. | we have identified and sequenced 3113 nucleotides located at the right end of the hindiii l fragment of the bovine herpesvirus-1 genome from map units 0.712 to 0.734. analysis of the sequence identified four open reading frames (orfs) which are designated ul1, ul2, ul3, and ul3.5 based on their homology with proteins of herpes simplex virus-1 (hsv-1), pseudorabies virus (prv), equine herpesvirus-1, and varicella-zoster virus. the ul1 orf of 158 amino acids exhibits limited homology with ul1 (gly ... | 1995 | 7483276 |
| antibody responses by cattle after vaccination with commercial viral vaccines containing bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine viral diarrhea virus, parainfluenza-3 virus, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus immunogens and subsequent revaccination at day 140. | calves were vaccinated with four different commercial viral vaccines containing bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine viral diarrhea (bvdv), parainfluenza-3 virus (pi-3v), and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) immunogens. for the initial vaccination certain vaccines were given twice (days 0 and 28), whereas other vaccines were given on day 0. the calves received another injection on day 140 with the vaccine originally given on day 0. the sera were collected at days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 5 ... | 1995 | 7483787 |
| bhv-1 glycoprotein 1 and recombinant interleukin 1 beta efficiently elicit mucosal iga response. | the mucosal immune response to most soluble antigens administered directly to the mucosal system is low and requires a large amount of antigen and frequent vaccinations. in this study we tested whether immunizing cattle at a site which shares lymphatic drainage with the nasal mucosa could prime local mucosal immunity. we further tested whether recombinant bovine il-1 beta (rboil-1 beta) could potentiate the induction of mucosal immunity. animals were immunized subcutaneously at the base of the e ... | 1995 | 7483811 |
| gp13 (ehv-gc): a complement receptor induced by equine herpesviruses. | equine herpesviruses type 1 (ehv-1) and type 4 (ehv-4) induce a complement receptor protein on the surface of infected cells capable of binding to the third component of complement (c3). the protein mediating the binding to the c3 component of complement was identified as glycoprotein 13 (gp13, ehv-gc), as expression of the cloned viral gene under the control of a cmv promoter induced c3 binding activity at the transfected cell surface. comparable to glycoprotein c (gc) from herpes simplex virus ... | 1995 | 7483825 |
| interferon-alpha primes macrophages for lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis. | apoptosis plays an important role in generating and maintaining an effective immune system. many pathogens can perturb the homeostasis of the immune system by either inducing or suppressing cell death of immune cells. using bovine macrophages as a model, we found that interferon-alpha, one of the host's responses to viral infection, can prime macrophages for activation-induced apoptosis. exposure of bovine bone-marrow-derived macrophages to interferon-alpha and subsequent activation with lipopol ... | 1995 | 7488062 |
| molecular basis of antigenic variation between the glycoproteins c of respiratory bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) and neurovirulent bhv-5. | herpesvirus glycoprotein c (gc) functions as a major virus attachment protein. the gc sequence of the neurovirulent bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5) virus was determined and compared with the gc sequence of the nonneurovirulent bhv-1. alignment of the predicted amino acid sequences of bhv-1 and bhv-5 gc orfs showed that the amino-terminal third of the protein differed between the two viruses. whole or subgenomic fragments of gc coding regions from both viruses were expressed as trpe-gc fusion p ... | 1995 | 7491780 |
| characterization of bovine herpesvirus 1 ul49 homolog gene and product: bovine herpesvirus 1 ul49 homolog is dispensable for virus growth. | the sequence of the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) gene that is homologous to the herpes simplex virus ul49 gene was determined. the bhv-1 ul49 homolog open reading frame consists of 774 bp and is capable of encoding 258 amino acids. northern (rna) blot analysis showed that the bhv-1 ul49 homolog is transcribed into a 1.1-kb rna which is coterminal with the transcripts of an upstream ul49.5 homolog gene. rabbit antisera produced against synthetic peptides of the predicted ul49 homolog gene product ... | 1995 | 7745736 |
| glycoprotein b of bovine herpesvirus-1 binds heparin. | many members of the herpesvirus family have been shown to bind heparan sulfate on the surface of target cells. a previous report on bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein interactions indicated that only gc bound to heparin-agarose columns. in this report, we demonstrated that both gc and gb of wild-type bhv-1 bound to heparin-agarose columns and that gc-minus virus infectivity was inhibited by heparin. | 1995 | 7747474 |
| nucleotide sequence of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (gallid herpesvirus 1) icp4 gene. | the infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv) gene encoding a homologue to the icp4 protein of herpes simplex virus (hsv) has been mapped to the inverted repeat region. the complete nucleotide sequence of iltv icp4 has been determined. the iltv orf encoding icp4 is 4386 nucleotides long, calculated from the first of four atg codons, and has an overall g+c content of 59%. the iltv icp4 contains two domains of high homology which have been reported in other studies to be conserved in the icp4 homo ... | 1995 | 7762292 |
| lectin histochemistry of normal and herpesvirus-infected bovine nasal mucosa. | proliferation of pasteurella haemolytica serotype 1 in the nasal cavity following stress or viral infection is an important event in the pathogenesis of bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis. enhanced adhesion of p. haemolytica to nasal mucosa could be one factor that predisposes animals to this proliferation. nasal mucosa from normal and bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv1)-infected cattle were examined histochemically for their glycoconjugate composition. twenty lectins were screened, six of which were chose ... | 1995 | 7771054 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of a 30-kb region of the bovine herpesvirus 1 genome which exhibits a colinear gene arrangement with the ul21 to ul4 genes of herpes simplex virus. | we report the nucleotide sequence of the 19-kb hindiii fragment b of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) dna and adjacent parts of the hindiii a and l fragments, which together span a still completely uncharted 30-kb region located between the glycoprotein h gene and the right end of the unique long segment. the analysis revealed 17 complete open reading frames (orfs) and 2 orfs that were interrupted by potential splice donor and acceptor sites. all of these orfs exhibited strong amino acid sequence ho ... | 1995 | 7793062 |
| an inactivated vaccine based on a glycoprotein e-negative strain of bovine herpesvirus 1 induces protective immunity and allows serological differentiation. | the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) strain za is a conventionally attenuated strain with a 2.7 kb deletion that encompasses the complete coding region for glycoprotein e (ge). this ge-negative strain was used as whole-virus antigen in an inactivated virus vaccine. three different antigen concentrations of this vaccine were evaluated for safety and efficacy in a vaccination-challenge experiment in calves. no adverse effects were observed in any of the calves vaccinated with the ge-negative vaccines. ... | 1995 | 7793128 |
| safety aspects in the development of an infectious bovine rhinotracheitis marker vaccine. | clinical trials in cattle demonstrated that the ibr marker modified live vaccine based on the ge-deleted ibr strain difivac is immunogenic and safe for bovines of all ages. potential effects of the vaccine virus have also been tested in swine and sheep and proved safe for these species as well. for evaluation of other environmental aspects, the spread of the vaccine virus after immunisation was investigated. the data indicated that the vaccine virus may be shed by immunised animals but that it h ... | 1995 | 7796970 |
| the role of the major tegument protein vp8 of bovine herpesvirus-1 in infection and immunity. | the tegument of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) carries an abundant protein of 96 kda, termed vp8. immunolabeling using vp8-specific antiserum and colloidal gold-labeled protein a as the electron-dense marker was used to identify vp8 in the virions and virus-infected cells. vp8 was confirmed to be a tegument protein that, like the herpes simplex virus-1 homologue vp13/14, contains o-linked carbohydrates. vp8 was found in the nucleus of virus-infected cells as early as 2 hr postinfection. since vp8 ... | 1995 | 7831797 |
| synthesis and processing of bovine herpesvirus-1 glycoprotein h. | the translation product of the bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) gh gene was identified and characterized. synthetic peptides were used to generate specific antisera and a glycoprotein of 108k was precipitated by one of the antisera. cross-immunoprecipitations with monoclonal antibodies to bhv-1 glycoprotein gp108 and the anti-gh peptide antiserum demonstrated that gp108 is the translation product of the gh open reading frame. glycoprotein gh synthesis and intracellular processing was analyzed in inf ... | 1995 | 7831821 |
| a seroepidemiological study of the importance in cow-calf pairs of respiratory and enteric viruses in beef operations from northwestern quebec. | serum antibody analyses for bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine coronavirus (bcv), and bovine rotavirus (brv) were performed on 527 randomly selected cows, before calving, and on 407 three-week-old calves. in cows and calves, bcv and brv were the most seroprevalent viruses (80% to 100% according to virus and vaccination status). bovine respiratory syncytial virus was the least seroprevalent in the cows, independ ... | 1995 | 7704839 |
| excretion of bovine herpesvirus 1 in semen is detected much longer by pcr than by virus isolation. | to compare the sensitivities of pcr and virus isolation and to examine the course of virus excretion in semen, we intrapreputially inoculated eight bulls with bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) and used two bulls as sentinels. from these bulls, we collected a large panel of semen samples during 65 days postinfection (dpi). at 44 dpi the bulls received dexamethasone to reactivate putatively latent virus. we analyzed the semen samples by virus isolation on egg yolk-extended semen (vie test), by virus iso ... | 1995 | 7714184 |
| cloning of hindiii digested bovine herpesvirus-1 dna fragments from an indian respiratory isolate. | the dna from an indian isolate of bovine herpesvirus-1 was isolated and analysed with restriction endonucleases. on shot gun cloning seven hindiii digested bhv-1 dna fragments could be cloned in pbr322 vector. recombinant clones with viral dna insert was identified by insertional inactivation of the selection marker and restriction analysis of recombinant plasmids with hindiii. further, recombinant plasmids were analysed with hindiii, ecori and bamhi restriction endonucleases to identify the dif ... | 1995 | 7735131 |
| [clinical experiences in the use of para-immunity inducers in cattle during animal exhibitions]. | ibr positive cattle after vaccination with dead vaccine may excrete ibr/ipv (bhv-1) virus when facing a stress situation. on cattle exhibitions the share of such individuals may vary between 8 and 34%. since 1988 in order to protect animals against infections ibr negative cattle and cows on 7 regional, one national and one international exhibitions were treated with duphamun and baypamun, respectively. after returning of animals to their owner ibr outbreaks were confirmed in 8 forms. this is low ... | 1995 | 8593769 |
| monitoring experimental alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 infection in cattle by nucleic-acid hybridization and pcr. | the dna probe sw15 derived from the laboratory-attenuated alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (ahv-1) strain wc11 as well as from the polymerase chain-reaction test (hsu, shih, castro & zee 1990), was used to detect viral dna of malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) in six experimentally infected cattle. heparinized blood samples were collected and tested at least three times a week over a period of up to 142 d. results of hybridization and pcr tests were compared with the results of clinical examinations, and ... | 1995 | 8600434 |
| bovine herpesvirus meningoencephalitis association with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) vaccine. | during 1992, on a farm in the tokachi district of hokkaido, japan, approximately 20 holstein-friesian calves showed neuroparalysis and died within 7-10 days after routine vaccination. six male calves, aged about 1.5 months, were submitted to our laboratory for pathological examination and diagnosed as acute or subacute necrotizing meningoencephalitis due to bovine herpes virus (bhv) infection. the main necropsy findings included a few hemorrhages or clots, and malacic lesions localized in the co ... | 1995 | 8615076 |
| bovine herpesvirus-1 infection reduces bronchial epithelial cell migration to extracellular matrix proteins. | repair of airway epithelium after viral infection involves migration of epithelial cells to cover injured, denuded areas. we determined whether viral infection reduces the capability of bronchial epithelial cells to migrate and to attach to extracellular matrix proteins. inoculation of bovine bronchial epithelial cells in vitro with bovine herpesvirus-1 reduced their ability to migrate in two different assays of cell migration. when attachment assays were performed, fewer cells attached to both ... | 1995 | 7864142 |
| isotype-specific antibody responses in sera and mucosal secretions of calves experimentally infected with bovine herpesvirus 1. | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) were developed for studying the kinetics of isotype-specific antibody responses in sera, nasal, ocular and genital secretions of calves infected with bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1). the bhv1-specific igm and iga antibodies were measured in antibody capture assays, and the igg1 and igg2 antibodies in indirect double antibody sandwich assays. the elisas were shown to be isotype-specific, sensitive and reproducible. antibodies of all isotypes were able to ne ... | 1995 | 7502487 |
| delineation of the essential function of bovine herpesvirus 1 gd: an indication for the modulatory role of gd in virus entry. | the entry process of alphaherpesviruses consists of two steps, initial virus attachment and subsequent virus penetration involving membrane fusion. glycoprotein d (gd) of the alphaherpesvirus bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv 1) is an essential envelope protein, and it has been previously documented that gd plays a significant part in both of the virus entry steps. in order to gain further insight into the virus entry process, we attempted to define the essential function of bhv 1 gd. we replaced the gd ... | 1995 | 7886947 |
| detection of bovine herpesvirus 1 in the semen of experimentally infected bulls by dot-blot hybridisation, polymerase chain reaction and virus isolation. | two 18-month-old bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1)-seronegative bulls were inoculated experimentally with bhv1 via their prepuces. semen collected at intervals was examined by optimised virus isolation, dot-blot hybridisation and the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for detection of bhv1, and the infection was monitored serologically by using a virus neutralisation test. antibodies were first detected 10 days after inoculation and were still present 40 days after inoculation. semen collected from four ... | 1995 | 8525113 |
| differences in the role of glycoprotein c of hsv-1 and hsv-2 in viral binding may contribute to serotype differences in cell tropism. | heparan sulfate serves as a receptor for several herpesviruses. for herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1), pseudorabies virus, and bovine herpesvirus 1, glycoprotein c homologues have been shown to mediate the binding to cell-surface heparan sulfate. it has been assumed that glycoprotein c of hsv-2 (gc-2) plays a similar role in hsv-2 entry, but this has not been established experimentally. we first determined, using heparin-affinity chromatography, that gc-2 is a heparin-binding glycoprotein. to exami ... | 1995 | 8525631 |
| virulence and genotype of a bovine herpesvirus 1 isolate from semen of a subclinically infected bull. | a bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) isolate from the semen of a subclinically infected bull was administered to cattle by various routes to assess its virulence. cattle that were artificially inseminated or inoculated intrapreputially did not develop clinical signs, but did transmit the virus to contact cattle. however, the isolate induced severe signs of rhinotracheitis and vulvovaginitis in cattle that were inoculated by the intravaginal, intranasal or intravenous routes, but did not infect the fet ... | 1995 | 8533214 |
| isotype-specific antibody responses to bovine herpesvirus 1 in sera and mucosal secretions of calves after experimental reinfection and after reactivation. | isotype-specific antibody responses to bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) were measured in sera, nasal, ocular and genital secretions of calves that were reinfected with bhv1 and 6 weeks later treated with corticosteroids to reactivate putative latent virus. after reinfection and after reactivation, no bhv1-specific igm antibody response was detected. the serum iga response was only transiently detectable after reinfection and again appeared rapidly after reactivation in most calves. most calves showed ... | 1995 | 8533302 |
| lymphocyte proliferative responses to recombinant bovine herpes virus type 1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein gd (giv) in immune cattle: identification of a t cell epitope. | the lymphocyte proliferative response to bhv-1 in immune cattle was compared to recombinant wild-type gd and truncated gd produced from recombinant vaccinia viruses. the response exhibited by recombinant proteins was comparable to the response induced by bhv-1 suggesting that gd is the major target structure for stimulation of bovine lymphocytes. analysis of the proliferative response using vaccinia virus vectors expressing various modified forms of gd identified a region between residues 165 an ... | 1995 | 8546801 |
| detection of bovine herpesvirus 1 in clinical samples by the polymerase chain reaction. | a pcr assay with primers selected from the gl gene and flanking a 468 bp dna fragment was tested on clinical samples. of 27 samples (nasal swabs, lung, lymph nodes, tracheal mucosa) collected from 16 different outbreaks in scotland, 18 were positive by pcr and 13 by virus isolation. some samples of isolated dna had to be diluted by a factor 50-100 to obtain a positive pcr result. pcr assay could detect the bhv-1 positive samples collected from different european regions, namely from slovakia, it ... | 1995 | 8582261 |
| [detection of bovine infectious rhinotracheitis virus by hybridization using nonradioactive dna-probes]. | biotin-labeled dna probes for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus also known as bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) have been developed. the procedure is based on dot-blot hybridization using biotin-labeled bacteriophage m13 and plasmid probes containing cloned psti and ecori-psti restriction fragments of viral genome. the probes obtained were used to detect viral nucleic acids in specimens of bovine spermatic fluid or nasal swabs of calves. the method is simple and rapid, taking less than 24 h, an ... | 1995 | 8686268 |
| characterization of the camel skin cell line dubca. | a skin fibroblast cell culture was established from a 2-month-old dromedary foetus. the cells were transformed by infection with sv40 and cloned in soft agar. the established cell line is now designated dubca cells (dubai camel) and has been in permanent culture for 95 passages. the cell culture was examined morphologically, chromosome preparations made and dna fingerprinting performed by hybridization with the oligonucleotide probe (gtg)5. sv40 large t antigen was detected by western blotting. ... | 1995 | 8556315 |
| persistence of bovine herpesvirus-1-specific antibodies in cattle after intranasal vaccination with a live virus vaccine. | to study the development and persistence of circulating antibodies directed against bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) induced by vaccination, approximately 80 per cent of the seronegative cows in four partly seronegative dairy herds were vaccinated once with a temperature-sensitive live virus vaccine. most (83 per cent) of the vaccinated animals developed antibodies to bhv-1 within two months after the vaccination. in the same period, 21 per cent of the unvaccinated control cattle also seroconverted, ... | 1995 | 8560685 |
| amino acid substitutions in glycoprotein d mediate the ability of fusion from without-positive herpes simplex virus type 1 strains to penetrate at 4 degrees and in the presence of soluble glycoprotein d. | in former studies, we described herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) strains ang, ang path and hszp as strains with special fusion activities, caused by mutations in the syn 3 locus. in this report, we describe the special penetration properties of these strains: their ability to penetrate at 4 degrees and to overcome the infection block caused by soluble glycoprotein d-1 (gd-1) in the medium. using intertypic recombinants of hsv-1 strains ang path and kos, we showed that these penetration proper ... | 1995 | 8724859 |
| unidirectional complementation between glycoprotein b homologues of pseudorabies virus and bovine herpesvirus 1 is determined by the carboxy-terminal part of the molecule. | the most highly conserved glycoproteins in herpesviruses, homologues of glycoprotein b (gb) of herpes simplex virus, have been shown to play essential roles in membrane fusion during penetration and direct cell-to-cell spread of herpes virions. in studies aimed at assessing whether sequence conservation is reflected in the conservation of functional properties, we previously showed that bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) gb was able to functionally complement a gb- prv mutant. to analyse in detail the ... | 1995 | 9049369 |
| direct detection of bovine herpes virus-1 dna from cell culture fluids using polymerase chain reaction. | a pair of oligomers of 20 and 23 bp were designed for amplifying a 381 bp sequence from glycoprotein iv gene of bovine herpesvirus 1. the primer pairs were used for amplifying genomic dna of bhv-1 directly from cell culture fluids under different experimental conditions such as, untreated cell culture fluid, thermal denaturation and proteinase k treatment in presence of detergent. the results reveal that direct thermal denaturation of cell culture fluid is sufficient to detect the virus by polym ... | 1996 | 9055637 |
| a contribution to the systematization of bovine herpesvirus 1 based on genomic mapping by restriction fragment pattern analysis. | fourteen isolates of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) found representative of more than 100 isolates studied, were compared by restriction fragment pattern analyses and molecularly characterized. a number of evolutionary links between the variants originally associated with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and the variants originally associated with infectious pustular vulvovaginitis were identified. these findings, as well as the lack of any correlation between genome type and clinical manifestati ... | 1996 | 9029790 |
| antiviral activity of crude extracts of guarea guidona. | crude extracts of leaves and fruits of guarea guidona were tested for antiviral activity against pseudorabies virus and foot-and-mouth disease virus in the ib-rs-2 pig cell line and against bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) in the gbk bovine cell line. the highest nontoxic doses of extracts from fruits and leaves were 125 micrograms/ml and 500 micrograms/ml. respectively. crude extracts presented antiviral activity against pseudorabies virus with a decrease in virus titer of 3.0 log units at 500 micr ... | 1996 | 9033817 |
| prevalence of antibodies to bluetongue, bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine viral diarrhea/mucosal disease viruses in water buffaloes in minas gerais state, brazil. | a serological survey to detect water buffaloes with antibodies to bluetongue virus (btv), bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv 1) and bovine viral diarrhea/mucosal disease virus (bvd/mdv) was performed in minas gerais state, brazil. precipitating antibodies against btv were detected by the agar gel immunodiffusion test (agid) in 54.4% of the serum samples tested. microplate serum-neutralization tests revealed that 14.7% and 52.7% of the water buffaloes had antibodies to bhv 1 and bvd/mdv, respectively. the ... | 1996 | 9091990 |
| [interactions between bronchial epithelial cells and extracellular matrix proteins]. | attachment and migration of bronchial epithelial cells are important in re-epithelialization after tissue injury. we hypothesized that inflammatory cytokines alter bronchial epithelial cell attachment and migration. to test this hypothesis, we studied the effects of mononuclear-cell-conditioned medium on attachment and migration of bronchial epithelial cells in response to fibronectin in vitro. this medium was prepared from bovine blood mononuclear cells that were stimulated with concanavalin a; ... | 1996 | 9216202 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis of dna from indian isolates of bovine herpesvirus 1. | the genomic variation of three isolates of bovine herpes virus 1 (bhv-1) originating from different geographical regions and displaying different clinical symptoms were studied by restriction analysis using four different restriction endonucleases. ecori displayed an uniform restriction pattern for all the isolates and hindiii showed marginal variation among the isolates. bsteii and psti displayed unique restriction patterns, based on which the isolates could be grouped into two subgroups of bhv ... | 1996 | 9171462 |
| bovine herpesvirus 1 isolates contain variable copy numbers of gc-rich tandem repeats in the gi non-coding regions of their genomes. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) targeted to the central portion of the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) genome, and overlapping the 3' untranslated end of the gi glycoprotein, was used to amplify bhv1 genomic sequences. pcr products generated from cell cultures infected with bhv1.1 were consistently smaller than the corresponding products from cells infected with bhv1.2. the nature of the sequence differences between these isolates within the target region was found to be a consequence of variable ... | 1996 | 9035371 |
| functional expression of the bovine herpesvirus 1 alkaline deoxyribonuclease (ul12) in escherichia coli. | sequence analysis within the unique long segment of the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1; infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus) genome identified an open reading frame whose deduced protein product of 487 amino acids exhibited homology to alkaline deoxyribonucleases (dnases) of other herpesviruses. to determine this bhv-1 gene product has nuclease activity, the gene designated ul12 was inserted into the vector pet-28a(+) and expressed in escherichia coli as an oligohistidine-tagged protein. upon i ... | 1996 | 9526549 |
| the bovine herpesvirus type 1 major tegument protein vp8 expressed in recombinant vaccinia virus does not induce significant immunity in mice. | we previously reported the characterization of the gene encoding the bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) major tegument protein vp8. with the aim of defining the immunological properties of this protein, we constructed a recombinant vaccinia virus (vv-vp8) in which expression of the vp8 gene was regulated by the p7.5 early/late promoter. since the sequence of the vp8 gene contained a tttttnt motif known to serve as a transcription termination signal of vaccinia virus genes of the early class, a se ... | 1996 | 8725115 |
| immunogenicity of bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein d in mice: effect of antigen form on the induction of cellular and humoral immune responses. | for the development of veterinary subunit vaccines, modifications to the antigen may be needed to make the production of these vaccines cost effective. to investigate the effect of antigen modifications on immune response, we used glycoprotein d, one of the major glycoproteins of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), as a model antigen. we developed a mouse model to assess the immune response elicited by immunization with either a recombinant truncated (tgd) or the authentic full-length (gd) form of bhv ... | 1996 | 8733915 |
| demonstration of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus antigen by immunoperoxidase method in tissues of aborted bovine fetuses preserved for 25 years in paraffin blocks. | infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) virus antigen was demonstrated by the immunoperoxidase method in tissues of two aborted bovine fetuses, which had been stored for 25 years after fixing in formalin and embedding in paraffin. necrotic foci were detected in the liver, kidney, adrenal gland, and thymus of the fetuses. coincidenting with the distribution of the necrotic foci, ibr virus antigen was demonstrated by immunostaining. the present study proved the immunoperoxidase method in one of us ... | 1996 | 8741609 |
| glycoprotein h (gii/gp108) and glycoprotein l form a functional complex which plays a role in penetration, but not in attachment, of bovine herpesvirus 1. | the glycoproteins of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) play important roles in the interactions between virions and target cells. a 108 kda glycoprotein, designated gii or gp 108, has been identified by two different panels of monoclonal antibodies. the gii- and gp 108-specific monoclonal antibodies were shown to react with the same protein, which was identified by n-terminal sequencing as the homologue of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) gh. when bhv-1 gh was purified by immunoadsorbent chromatog ... | 1996 | 8757994 |
| identification of a 56 kda putative bovine herpesvirus 1 cellular receptor by anti-idiotype antibodies. | polyclonal anti-idiotype antibodies (anti-ids) to anti-bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) mabs blocked virus infection in cell cultures, indicating that they contain internal images of a viral attachment protein(s). in the present study anti-id (anti-83) of bhv-1 gb was used as a probe to detect the cellular receptor. anti-id specifically identified a 56 kda protein in radioimmunoprecipitation analysis (ripa) of madin-darby bovine kidney (mdbk) cell membranes suggesting the involvement of this cell su ... | 1996 | 8760439 |
| serological and virological studies on the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in algeria. | clinical cases of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and infectious pustular vulvovaginitis were observed within the cattle population in algeria. the isolation and identification of six bovine herpes virus type 1 strains from diseased cattle and the serological surveys undertaken in the central region of the country on 2948 sera revealed a 20.5% incidence of ibr infections in algeria. the dna restriction profiles of the isolated strains showed the existence of only the bhv1-2a subtype associated ... | 1996 | 8767771 |
| immunogenicity of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (bhv-1) proteins integrated into iscoms or liposomes. | dynamics and persistence of antibody responses to immunization and reimmunization of rabbits with bhv-1 iscoms or bhv-1 liposomes were investigated for 20 weeks and compared with those induced by a commercial vaccine against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) or free bhv-1 protein subunits. comparable levels of antibodies to bhv-1, determined by elisa, were found throughout the observation period in rabbits treated with bhv-1 iscoms or the commercial vaccine. the immunogenicity of bhv-1 lip ... | 1996 | 8774120 |
| the effect of molybdenum-induced copper deficiency on acute-phase protein concentrations, superoxide dismutase activity, leukocyte numbers, and lymphocyte proliferation in beef heifers inoculated with bovine herpesvirus-1. | this study was conducted to determine the effect of cu deficiency on acute-phase protein concentrations, superoxide dismutase activity, leukocyte numbers, and lymphocyte proliferation in heifers inoculated with live bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1). hereford x angus heifers were allotted by weight and initial liver cu concentrations into molybdenum (mo)-supplemented (n = 6) or control (n = 6) groups. control heifers were fed a basal diet supplemented with cu-sulfate to achieve a dietary concentratio ... | 1996 | 8778102 |
| rapid detection of bovine herpesvirus 1 in the semen of infected bulls by a nested polymerase chain reaction assay. | a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed for the detection of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) in bovine semen and compared with the virus isolation method. when extended semen, commonly used in the bovine artificial insemination industry, was inoculated with bhv-1, the pcr assay detected bhv-1 dna in semen inoculated at 0.25-2.5 tcid50 per 0.5 ml. in contrast, the lower limit of detection for virus isolation was 250 tcid50 of bhv-1 inoculated in 0.5 ml of extended semen. these m ... | 1996 | 8785714 |
| serological responses in calves to vaccines against bovine respiratory syncytial, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, bovine viral diarrhoea and parainfluenza-3 viruses. | the istituto superiore di sanità (iss), the national veterinary services laboratory in italy, is in charge of assessing the quality, safety and efficacy of veterinary vaccines before and after licensing. to evaluate the relative potency of several vaccines against bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv), bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) and parainfluenza-3 virus (pi3v), the serological responses in vaccinated calves were studied. vaccination w ... | 1996 | 8785944 |
| effects of b vitamin injections on plasma b vitamin concentrations of feed-restricted beef calves infected with bovine herpesvirus-1. | for nonruminants, stress and disease greatly increase requirements for vitamin b6, folic acid, pantothenic acid, and ascorbate. the effects of feed restriction, virus infection, and vitamin injections on plasma concentrations of b vitamins critical to the immune response were evaluated. twelve beef steer calves, 6 to 8 mo of age, were fed below maintenance for 17 d and deprived of food for 3 d during a 20-d period after weaning. they then were inoculated intranasally with live attenuated bovine ... | 1996 | 8791209 |
| effects of b vitamin injection on bovine herpesvirus-1 infection and immunity in feed-restricted beef calves. | because feed and water deprivation during marketing and transport of feedlot calves may reduce ruminal b vitamin synthesis at a time when calves are most susceptible to infectious agents, we studied the effect of b vitamin injections on infection and immunity in 12 6-mo-old beef steer calves (153 +/- 8 kg) that were weaned, limit-fed, and deprived of feed. six calves were injected with b vitamins and ascorbic acid every 48 h for 28 d starting 2 wk before virus inoculation. all calves were infect ... | 1996 | 8791210 |
| serum haptoglobin as an indicator of the acute phase response in bovine respiratory disease. | the early stages of the host response to infectious agents include a number of physiologic changes, collectively known as the acute phase response. the acute phase response is comprised of reactions localized at the site of infection, as well as the initiation of systemic responses, which include a rapid increase in the serum concentration of some proteins, known as acute phase proteins (app). using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, we detected two app of approximately 22 and 37 kda molecular ... | 1996 | 8792565 |
| a non-specific defence inducer in preventing clinical signs of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in calves. | one calf was infected with bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) and mixed with five other calves, of which one had been vaccinated with a bhv-1 modified live vaccine one month earlier. the other four calves were vaccinated at the time the experimentally infected calf developed the first signs of the disease (fever, depression, nasal discharge), i.e. on post infection day (pid) 2. in addition to the vaccine, two of the four pid 2 vaccinated calves also received a non-specific defence (nsd) inducer (baypa ... | 1996 | 8800541 |
| the cytoplasmic domain of bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein b is important for maintaining conformation and the high-affinity binding site of gb. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein b (gb) has been shown to interact with two types of receptor on madin darby bovine kidney cells. the first receptor is heparan sulfate proteoglycan, whereas the second high-affinity receptor remains unknown. in order to study the structural requirement for gb's high-affinity binding activity, different forms of the gb ectodomain were expressed and compared with authentic gb. by using chemical cross-linking and sucrose gradient centrifugation, we found th ... | 1996 | 8806507 |
| induction of systemic and mucosal immune responses in cotton rats immunized with human adenovirus type 5 recombinants expressing the full and truncated forms of bovine herpesvirus type 1 glycoprotein gd. | we generated both replication-incompetent (had5-gd-e1 and had5-tgd-e1) and replication-competent (had5-gd-e3 and had5-tgd-e3) human adenovirus type 5 (had5) recombinants expressing the full (gd) or truncated form (tgd) of the glycoprotein gd gene of bovine herpevirus type 1 (bhv-1). recombinant gd and tgd expressed by had5-gd-e1 and had5-gd-e3 and by had5-tgd-e1 and had5-tgd-e3, respectively, were recognized by gd-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against linear and conformational e ... | 1996 | 8806514 |
| bovine interleukins 2 and 4 expressed in recombinant bovine herpesvirus 1 are biologically active secreted glycoproteins. | the open reading frames encoding bovine interleukin 2 (boil-2) and bovine interleukin 4 (boil-4) were integrated into the unique short segment of the genome of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) and expressed under control of the murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) immediate-early 1 (ie1) enhancer-promoter element or the mcmv early 1 (e1) promoter. madin-darby bovine kidney cells infected with the recombinant viruses secreted boil-2 or boil-4 into the culture medium. secretion was inhibited by the presence ... | 1996 | 8811023 |
| the cytoplasmic domain of bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein b is important for maintaining conformation and the high-affinity binding site of gb | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein b (gb) has been shown to interact with two types of receptor on madin darby bovine kidney cells. the first receptor is heparan sulfate proteoglycan, whereas the second high-affinity receptor remains unknown. in order to study the structural requirement for gb's high-affinity binding activity, different forms of the gb ectodomain were expressed and compared with authentic gb. by using chemical cross-linking and sucrose gradient centrifugation, we found th ... | 1996 | 8813035 |
| mucosal and systemic immunity to bovine herpesvirus-1 glycoprotein d confer resistance to viral replication and latency in cattle. | mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract directed against bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein b forms an effective barrier against bhv-1 replication in cattle. here we investigated the ability of a second bhv-1 glycoprotein, gd, to engender specific antibodies in nasal secretion and serum and protect against infection. we expected gd to give greater protection than gb because anti-gd antibodies prevent viral penetration into cells at much lower concentrations than anti-gb antibodies. calv ... | 1996 | 8821651 |
| efficacy of an experimental bhv-1 subunit giv vaccine in beef calves challenged with bhv-1 in aerosol. | thirty-six beef calves were used to test the efficacy of an experimental truncated bhv-1 glycoprotein (tgiv) vaccine. calves from 1 source and +/- 1 mo of age were randomly divided into 4 groups: 1) control (adjuvant vsa3), 2) vaccinated with tgiv at 3 and 4 mo of age, 3) vaccinated with tgiv at 3 and 7 mo of age, or 4) vaccinated with tgiv at 6 and 7 mo of age. calves were challenged with bhv-1 in aerosol (strain 108) at 7 1/2 mo of age. prior to challenge, serum neutralizing (sn) antibody tite ... | 1996 | 8825995 |