Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| properties of reference escherichia coli endotoxin and its phthalylated derivative in humans. | the properties of a reference bacterial endotoxin prepared from escherichia coli and its phthalylated derivative were studied in normal human volunteers infected intravenously with the compounds. the minimal pyrogenic dose of the reference endotoxin is about 0.1-0.5 ng/kg. the increase in white blood cell count, absolute granulocyte count, absolute immature granulocyte count, and concentrations of serum amyloid a, cortisol, and growth hormone was directly related to the concentration of referenc ... | 1981 | 7026693 |
| secondary structure model for 23s ribosomal rna. | a secondary structure model for 23s ribosomal rna has been constructed on the basis of comparative sequence data, including the complete sequences from e. coli. bacillus stearothermophilis, human and mouse mitochondria and several partial sequences. the model has been tested extensively with single strand-specific chemical and enzymatic probes. long range base-paired interactions organize the molecule into six major structural domains containing over 100 individual helices in all. regions contai ... | 1981 | 7031608 |
| human serum complement requirements for bacterial killing and protoplast lysis of escherichia coli ml308 225. | normal human serum kills escherichia coli ml308 225 and lyses protoplasts derived from this organism. human serum which is depleted of complement component c9 or deficient in component c8 is not bactericidal, but c9-depleted serum will lyse protoplasts whereas c8-deficient serum will not. bacterial lipopolysaccharide, which can protect bacteria from the serum bactericidal reaction, does not protect protoplasts from lysis by serum. | 1981 | 7033454 |
| premature labor. ii. bacterial sources of phospholipase. | human term labor is thought to be initiated by amniotic and chorionic phospholipase a2, an enzyme that liberates arachidonic acid esters from the phospholipids of these membranes, leading to the synthesis of prostaglandins by the placental membranes. the striking association of premature labor with intrauterine infection or contamination, urinary tract infection, and early neonatal sepsis led us to study the microorganisms present in these infections for phospholipase a2 activity. activity was f ... | 1981 | 7017516 |
| synergistic interaction of bactericidal drugs and a factor present in serum ultrafiltrate. | ultrafiltrate of serum of guinea-pig and man contains a factor which interacts synergistically with cephaloridine, kanamycin, and nalidixic acid against escherichia coli. the factor on its own is not bactericidal. gel filtration showed that the main peaks of the fractions with biological activity correspond to a mw of about 200. chemical analysis excluded the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, ribonucleic acid at levels detectable with standard methods. moreover the activity of the factor was ... | 1981 | 7018501 |
| whole-body nuclear magnetic resonance imaging: the first report of its use in surgical practice. | this is the first report of whole-body nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) imaging being of value in clinical surgery. following aortobifemoral grafting, a 54-year-old man developed a pyrexia and hypotension which did not respond to antibiotic therapy and which was thought to be caused by early graft infection. whole-body nmr imaging showed the graft and iliac arteries to be normal and an empyema of the gallbladder to be present, nmr imaging is a safe, non-invasive technique for imaging the body in ... | 1981 | 7018641 |
| development of a vaccine against experimental cholera and escherichia coli diarrheal disease. | the results of the present investigation indicate a simple approach to the development of a single-vaccine formula which may ultimately be used to confer protection against both cholera and certain types of escherichia coli diarrheal disease in humans and domestic animals. the design of the vaccine is based on the well-documented ability of cholera antitoxin to neutralize both cholera and heat-labile e. coli enterotoxins (ct and lt, respectively) and on the ability of killed e. coli to enhance t ... | 1981 | 7019073 |
| tumor-associated bacteria capable of producing a human choriogonadotropin-like substance. | aerobic microorganisms were isolated and identified from 9 of 10 malignant tissues aseptically obtained from surgical patients. the organisms isolated are species commonly associated with the flora of the human body. when these cancer-associated organisms were grown in trypticase soy broth (bbl microbiology systems), a protein substance was isolated from the culture filtrates by acetone precipitation. the acetone precipitates of 12 of 14 organisms tested were positive when assayed by radioimmuno ... | 1981 | 7019090 |
| antibodies to the enterobacterial common antigen: standardization of the passive hemagglutination test and levels in normal human sera. | the passive hemagglutination test for antibodies against the enterobacterial common antigen (eca) of kunin was standardized for diagnostic purposes. human erythrocytes were coated with a soluble eca+ preparation from salmonella typhimurium or, as specificity controls, with a similar eca- preparation from congenic eca-negative bacteria with saline, and the hemagglutination assay was performed on microtiter plates. the specificity of the test was ascertained further by inhibition assays with purif ... | 1981 | 7019236 |
| intracellular control of human neutrophil secretion. ii. stimulus specificity of desensitization induced by six different soluble and particulate stimuli. | 1981 | 7019331 | |
| malakoplakia: evidence for an acquired disease secondary to immunosuppression. | a 44-year-old man was maintained on prednisone and azathioprine after renal transplantation. one and a half years after transplantation, he developed multiple perianal escherichia coli abscesses. these became chronic and resisted antibiotic therapy. histologically, the lesions were typical of malakoplakia. peripheral blood neutrophils and monocytes had impaired killing of staphylococcus aureus and e. coli in vitro. no abnormality of hexose monophosphate pathway activity, tetrazolium dye reductio ... | 1981 | 7020170 |
| a study of the elimination phase of phagocytosis of 32p-labelled escherichia coli by human polymorphonuclear cells. | a study of the elimination phase of phagocytosis of a radio-labelled strain of escherichia coli by human polymorphonuclear cells is presented. in the presence of normal serum during the ingestion and post-ingestion phases, the elimination was 55%. omission of normal serum during the post-ingestive phase resulted in an elimination of 35%. without serum in both phases the elimination was approximately 50%. microscopically the bacterial cell envelope appeared unchanged during the post-ingestive per ... | 1981 | 7020336 |
| development of a radioimmunoassay for escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin: comparison with the suckling mouse bioassay. | escherichia coli strains which produce heat-stable enterotoxin (st) are usually identified by demonstrating the production of st. at present, st can be detected only by bioassay methods. recently, we purified e. coli st, which enabled us to develop a radioimmunoassay for st. radioiodination of st was performed by the lactoperoxidase method, which resulted in a high specific activity and retained the biological activity of st. anti-st antisera were raised in goats by injecting the goats with pure ... | 1981 | 7021423 |
| amino acid sequence of heat-stable enterotoxin produced by escherichia coli pathogenic for man. | the primary structure of a heat-stable toxin produced by a strain of escherichia coli pathogenic for man has been established and is given below: asn-thr-phe-tyr-cys-cys-glu-leu-cys-cys-tyr-pro-ala-cys-ala-gly-cys-asn. | 1981 | 7021541 |
| the pyridine nucleotide cycle. studies in escherichia coli and the human cell line d98/ah2. | different metabolic steps comprise the pyridine nucleotide cycles in escherichia coli and in the human cell line hela d98/ah2. an analysis of the 32p-labeling patterns in vivo reveals that in e. coli, pyrophosphate bond cleavage of intracellular nad predominates, while in the human cell line, cleavage of the nicotinamide ribose bond predominates. in e. coli, intracellular nad is processed differently from extracellular nad. conversion of intracellular nad to nicotinic acid mononucleotide (namn) ... | 1981 | 7021549 |
| [causes of the antibacterial action of amniotic fluid (author's transl)]. | the activity of e. coli, group b streptococci, strept. faecalis, stap. epidermidis and staph. aureus in human amniotic fluid was studied. in comparison to standard i broth an inhibited growth of test organisms was observed. the bacteriostatic effect of amniotic fluid was most significant with staph. epidermidis. we further investigated the causes for this bacterial growth inhibition with staph. epidermidis. we showed that it is independent from the initial number of bacteria as well as from zinc ... | 1981 | 6790329 |
| [heterogenetic antigens of e. coli similar to human sperm antigens]. | 1981 | 6794671 | |
| sensitive solid phase enzyme immunoassay for human iga, secretory iga, and secretory component. | highly sensitive solid-phase immunoassay systems for human immunoglobulin a (iga), secretory component (sc), secretory immunoglobulin a (siga) were developed by use of antisera against the alpha-chain of iga and sc, and beta-d-galactosidase from escherichia coli as label. iga and sc wee assayed with the respective solid-phase (silicone rubber)-immobilized f(ab')2 antibody fragments and the corresponding antibody fab'-beta-d-galactosidase complex. more than 1 and 0.4 fmol (or 0.16 and 0.03 ng) of ... | 1981 | 6794957 |
| indomethacin improves survival in gram-negative sepsis. | a clinically relevant rat model of peritoneal sepsis was developed through the use of (a) intraperitoneal insertion of rat fecal pellets or (b) live e. coli intraperitoneal injections. therapy with indomethacin and lidocaine were evaluated in this model. indomethacin alone, or in combination with appropriate antibiotics, significantly improved survival. lidocaine did not show an increase in survival. these findings suggest that indomethacin may be beneficial in treatment of human sepsis. | 1981 | 6760707 |
| homology and concerted evolution at the alpha 1 and alpha 2 loci of human alpha-globin. | the identical structure of two racially distinct alpha 1-globin alleles and the high degree of homology between the alpha 1- and alpha 2-globin loci indicate that mechanisms exist for suppression of allelic polymorphisms and for exchange of genetic information within the alpha-globin gene complex. | 1981 | 7010180 |
| comparison of the biologic activity of biosynthetic human insulin and natural pork insulin in juvenile-onset diabetic subjects assessed by the glucose controlled insulin infusion system. | to assess the biologic activity of biosynthetic human insulin (bhi) synthesized by escherichia coli, six insulin-dependent juvenile-onset diabetic subjects were studied with bhi and natural pork insulin, by means of the glucose controlled insulin infusion system (gciis). first, after an overnight normalization of blood glucose levels, the 24-h insulin requirement was determined while the patients were consuming a diet of 30 kcal/kg. then, the amount of glucose necessary to maintain normal blood ... | 1981 | 7011725 |
| internalization of 125i-insulin by im-9 cultured human lymphocytes: a comparison between a14-monoiodo-pork and biosynthetic human insulin. | human insulin synthesized from a- and b-chains separately produced in escherichia coli from cloned genes was characterized by examining its interaction biochemically and morphologically with im-9 cultured human lymphocytes. biosynthetic human insulin (bhi) behaves similarly to pork insulin with respect both to its binding properties and to the rate and magnitude at which it is internalized by the cells. | 1981 | 7011731 |
| adhesion, hemagglutination, and virulence of escherichia coli causing urinary tract infections. | the capacity of 453 escherichia coli strains to agglutinate erythrocytes and yeast cells and to attach to human urinary tract epithelial cells was tested. the strains were isolated from the urine of patients with acute pyelonephritis, acute cystitis, or asymptomatic bacteriuria and from the stools of healthy school children. three main patterns of hemagglutination were found: (i) mannose-resistant agglutination of human erythrocytes alone or simultaneously with mannose-sensitive agglutination of ... | 1981 | 7012012 |
| effect of human saliva on glucose uptake by streptococcus mutans and other oral microorganisms. | we examined the effects of human whole salivary supernatant and parotid fluid on glucose uptake by streptococcus mutans, streptococcus sanguis, streptococcus mitis, actinomyces viscosus, staphylococcus aureus, and escherichia coli. the following three effects of saliva were observed: (i) inhibition of glucose uptake (s. mutans, s. sanguis), (ii) promotion of a transient, rapid (0 to 30 s) burst of glucose uptake (s. mutans, s. sanguis), and (iii) enhancement of glucose uptake (s. mitis, a. visco ... | 1981 | 7012014 |
| from the nih: insulin and human growth hormone: triumphs in genetic engineering. | 1981 | 7012389 | |
| postantibiotic leukocyte enhancement: increased susceptibility of bacteria pretreated with antibiotics to activity of leukocytes. | exposure of escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus to high levels of certain antibiotics for brief periods of time increases the susceptibility of the organisms to the antimicrobial action of normal human leukocytes. the degree of sensitization varies with the antibiotic used for the pretreatment of the bacteria and is most pronounced in pretreatment of e. coli with chloramphenicol. studies on the rates of phagocytosis and intracellular killing of e. coli indicate that the postantibiotic leu ... | 1981 | 7012999 |
| a homogeneous fluorescent immunoassay for human immunoglobulin m. | we describe a homogeneous substrate-labeled fluorescent immunoassay for human igm. in this competitive-binding method we use a fluorogenic substrate for escherichia coli beta-galactosidase, n-(6-aminohexyl)-7-beta-galactosyl-coumarin-3-carboxamide, which is covalently coupled to igm. the fluorescence emission intensity of the labeled igm at 450 nm (with excitation at 400 nm) is negligible, but when beta-galactosidase is added, the acetal linkage of the galactosyl moiety is hydrolyzed and the pro ... | 1981 | 7014030 |
| effects of the human intestinal flora on germ-free mice. | 1981 | 7014548 | |
| anomalous effect of serum on the antimicrobial activity of cefoperazone. | this study investigated the effect of added serum on cefoperazone activity in vitro. due to protein-binding, an 8-fold difference would be expected between minimum inhibitory concentrations in broth and in broth plus 90% serum. using supplemented mueller-hinton broth (smh) and smh plus 90% heat-inactivated human serum there were differences of 3.36 +/- 0.92 for staphylococcus aureus strain atcc1 25923, 1.39 +/- 0.47 for escherichia coli strain atcc 25922 and 1.43 +/- 0.39 for pseudomonas aerugin ... | 1981 | 6456892 |
| nucleotide sequence of the mrna encoding the pre-alpha-subunit of mouse thyrotropin. | we have constructed and cloned in bacteria recombinant dna molecules containing dna sequences coding for the precursor of the alpha subunit of thyrotropin (pre-tsh-alpha). double-stranded dna complementary to total poly(a)+rna derived from a mouse pituitary thyrotropic tumor was prepared enzymatically, inserted into the pst i site of the plasmid pbr322 by using poly(dc).poly(dg) homopolymeric extensions, and cloned in escherichia coli chi 1776. cloned cdnas encoding pre-tsh-alpha were identified ... | 1981 | 6272299 |
| selective inhibition by harmane of the apurinic apyrimidinic endonuclease activity of phage t4-induced uv endonuclease. | 1-methyl-9h-pyrido-[3,4-b]indole (harmane) inhibits the apurinic/apyrimidinic (ap) endonuclease activity of the uv endonuclease induced by phage t4, whereas it stimulates the pyrimidine dimer-dna glycosylase activity of that enzyme. e. coli endonuclease iv, e. coli endonuclease vi (the ap endonuclease activity associated with e. coli exonuclease iii), and e. coli uracil-dna glycosylase were not inhibited by harmane. human fibroblast ap endonucleases i and ii also were only slightly inhibited. th ... | 1981 | 6273822 |
| isolation of beta-globin-related genes from a human cosmid library. | a human gene library was constructed using an improved cloning technique for cosmid vectors. human placental dna was partially digested with restriction endonuclease mboi; size-fractionated and ligated to bamhi-cut and phosphatase-treated cosmid vector pjb8. after packaging in lambda phage particles, the recombinant dna was transduced into escherichia coli 1400 or hb101 followed by selection on ampicillin for recombinant e. coli. 150 000 recombinant-dna-containing colonies were screened for the ... | 1981 | 6266915 |
| cloning of the human cytomegalovirus genome as endonuclease xbai fragments. | restriction enzyme xbai dna fragments that represent 99% of the sequences from the long and short unique as well as the repeat sequences of the human cytomegalovirus (cmv) genome have been cloned into bacterial plasmid pacyc184. the viral dna sequences associated with the recombinant plasmids were analyzed by restriction mapping and by hybridization to fragments of authentic viral dna. the relationship of the cloned viral dna fragments to the xbai physical map of the viral genome is demonstrated ... | 1981 | 6282691 |
| two classes of replicating molecules of adenovirus type 2 dna. | replicating dna of human adenovirus type 2, identified as partly single-stranded viral dna in which [3h]thymidine is readily incorporated, was found to be separated into two fractions by chromatography on hydroxyapatite. whereas one of the these fractions was eluted with 180 mm phosphate, the other one was eluted at the same concentration, 240 mm, as fully double-stranded dna. the physical properties of the 180 and 240 mm fractions, in particular their buoyant densities in solutions of cscl and ... | 1981 | 7248295 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of fr-31564, a phosphonic acid antimicrobial agent. | the in vitro and in vivo activity of fr-31564 [sodium hydrogen 3-(n-hydroxyformamido)propylphosphate] against gram-positive and -negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria was investigated and compared with that of fosfomycin, cephalexin, carbenicillin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. the in vitro activity of fr-31564 was markedly enhanced when combined with glucose 6-phosphate or fructose 6-phosphate, but not when combined with ribose phosphate, adenosine monophosphate, or glycerol phosphate. i ... | 1981 | 7271270 |
| limited capacity for the removal of o6-methylguanine and its regeneration in a human lymphoma line. | the raji human lymphoma line is able to remove o6-methylguanine (o6meg) lesions introduced by treatment of cells with n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine (mnng). the reaction has a rapid phase in which approximately 40% of the o6meg is removed in the first 10 min. the capacity of cells for rapid o6meg removal is limited and is saturated at concentrations of mnng which do not saturate the systems removing 3-methyladenine. pretreatment of cells with mnng inhibits their ability to remove o6meg pro ... | 1981 | 7326830 |
| adhesion of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli in humans and animals. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), an important cause of diarrhoea in humans and animal, require accessory virulence properties in addition to enterotoxin to manifest virulence. several classes of pili (hair-like protein surface organelles) promote adhesion of etec to small intestinal mucosa. antibody directed against adhesion pili interferes with colonization of the small intestine and prevents disease. this paper reviews studies with purified k88, k99 and 987 type pili used as parenteral ... | 1981 | 6114818 |
| sublethal concentrations of antibiotics and bacterial adhesion. | various antibiotics in sublethal concentrations markedly impair adhesion of streptococcus pyogenes and escherichia coli to human cells. in streptococcal cells penicillin g caused an enhances loss of lipoteichoic acid, the ligand (adhesion) that binds the organism to host cells, with consequent loss of their adhesive properties. in e coli sublethal concentrations of penicillin prevented the surface expression of the mannose-specific adhesion by distorting cell wall biosynthesis. in contrast to st ... | 1981 | 6114821 |
| selective inhibition of escherichia coli protein synthesis and growth by nonionic oligonucleotides complementary to the 3' end of 16s rrna. | a series of nonionic oligonucleotide analogues, the deoxyribooligonucleoside methylphosphonates, were synthesized. the base sequences of these compounds, d(apgpgp), d(apgpgp)(2), and d[(apgpgp)(2)t], are complementary to the shine-dalgarno sequence (-a-c-c-u-c-c-u-) found at the 3' end of bacterial 16s rrna. these nonionic oligonucleotide analogues were tested for their ability to inhibit the in vitro translation of mrnas in cell-free systems of escherichia coli and rabbit reticulocyte. in the e ... | 1981 | 6165012 |
| isolation and partial nucleotide sequence of a cdna clone for human histocompatibility antigen hla-b by use of an oligodeoxynucleotide primer. | we have isolated a cdna clone for one of the hla-b locus alloantigens by hybridization with a 30-nucleotide-long dna probe. the probe was isolated from a reverse transcriptase (rna-dependent dna nucleotidyltransferase)-catalyzed cdna synthesis reaction on poly(a)-mrna in which an oligonucleotide (5'-32p)dc-t-t-c-t-c-c-a-c-a-toh served as a primer and in which dideoxynucleoside triphosphates were used to reduce the size and heterogeneity of the cdna products. the desired cdna clone was isolated f ... | 1981 | 6165999 |
| immunological properties of escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxins: development of a radioimmunoassay specific for heat-stable enterotoxins with suckling mouse activity. | antiserum was raised against the purified heat-stable enterotoxin (st) produced by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strain 431, a class ii porcine enteropathogen. the antiserum was used to examine the antigenic determinants of sts produced by enterotoxigenic strains of different host origins and develop a sensitive radioimmunoassay specific for st having biological activity in suckling mice and piglets (sta). the antiserum neutralized one effective dose of toxin at a dilution of 1:5,000 and neut ... | 1981 | 6167519 |
| comparative antiviral efficiency of leukocyte and bacterially produced human alpha-interferon in rhesus monkeys. | 1981 | 6167863 | |
| cloned copy of the haemagglutinin gene codes for human influenza antigenic determinants in e. coli. | 1981 | 6167865 | |
| prediction of protein antigenic determinants from amino acid sequences. | a method is presented for locating protein antigenic determinants by analyzing amino acid sequences in order to find the point of greatest local hydrophilicity. this is accomplished by assigning each amino acid a numerical value (hydrophilicity value) and then repetitively averaging these values along the peptide chain. the point of highest local average hydrophilicity is invariably located in, or immediately adjacent to, an antigenic determinant. it was found that the prediction success rate de ... | 1981 | 6167991 |
| in vitro synthesis of biologically active human leukocyte interferon directed by recombinant plasmid dna. | 1981 | 6170264 | |
| synthesis of human interferon beta 1 in escherichia coli infected by a lambda phage recombinant containing a human genomic fragment. | dna from a human adult was fragmented by partial digestion with restriction endonuclease ecori and cloned in lambda charon 4a. clone c15, with a human dna insert of 17 x 10(3) bases, was identified as containing a gene for the fibroblast interferon, interferon beta 1. restriction mapping shows that this gene, located on a 1840-base ecori fragment, is not interrupted by introns. moreover, we show that this human genomic dna fragment is able to direct the synthesis of active human interferon beta ... | 1981 | 6171427 |
| mannose-resistant haemagglutination and p antigen recognition are characteristic of escherichia coli causing primary pyelonephritis. | thirty-two escherichia coli strains from 30 children with pyelonephritis were examined for their haemagglutination patterns and o and k serotypes. 29 (91%) of the strains showed mannose-resistant haemagglutination (mrha). by use of well-defined target cells, these mrha+ strains could be shown to recognise human cells either in a p-specific manner (recognising a specific galactosyl-galactose structure which is part of p blood groups antigens) or in a separate, x-specific manner. both recognition ... | 1981 | 6171696 |
| the sequence of human serum albumin cdna and its expression in e. coli. | a recombinant plasmid has been constructed which contains the mature protein coding region of the human serum albumin (hsa) gene. bacteria containing this plasmid synthesize hsa protein under control of the e. coli trp promoter-operator. the dna sequence and predicted protein sequence of hsa were determined from the cdna plasmid and are compared to existing data obtained from direct protein sequencing. the dna sequence predicts a mature protein of 585 amino acids preceded by a 24 amino acid "pre ... | 1981 | 6171778 |
| antiviral activities of hybrids of two major human leukocyte interferons. | four hybrid human leukocyte interferon (leif or ifn-alpha) genes have been constructed by in vitro recombination of leif-a (ifn-alpha 2) and leif-d (ifn-alpha 1) genes at common restriction endonuclease sites located within their coding regions. these hybrid genes have been expressed in e. coli under trp promoter control. the interferons produced [leif-ad (bglii), -ad (pvuii), -da (bglii), -da (pvuii)] have antiviral properties distinct from the parental molecules leif-a and -d, varying consider ... | 1981 | 6171779 |
| isolation and characterization of a human fibroblast interferon gene and its expression in escherichia coli. | human fibroblasts were induced for interferon synthesis, and the mrna coding for interferon was partially purified. on this basis, double-stranded dna copies were synthesized enzymatically and were inserted into cloning vehicles. a large collection of colonies containing chimeric plasmids was obtained. an rna selection method was used for the identification of several individual clones containing the human fibroblast interferon (ifn-beta) cdna. from the nucleotide sequence of the cloned structur ... | 1981 | 6177026 |
| the evolution of alpha-fetoprotein and albumin. i. a comparison of the primary amino acid sequences of mammalian alpha-fetoprotein and albumin. | the amino acid sequence of mouse alpha-fetoprotein has been deduced from the nucleotide sequence of its mrna and three chimeric plasmids containing overlapping segments of its cdna. a comparison of the amino acid sequence with that of either human and bovine albumin reveals in each case a 32% conservation of primary sequence. in addition, using the regularly spaced positions of cystine bridges, a 2-dimensional structure was generated, which revealed the presence of 3 closely related domains with ... | 1981 | 6161929 |
| international conference on byssinosis. mechanisms of disease induction. | from this work and other published data there are at least three distinct compounds that have been shown to be capable of inducing symptoms of byssinosis. there is an aminopolysaccharide-protein complex in cotton plant bracts that acts by causing histamine release in the human lung and also causes necrosis of bronchiolar epithelium. there is endotoxin or endotoxin-like material present in cotton plant bracts that acts by a mechanism other than by causing histamine release. this can induce histol ... | 1981 | 6162621 |
| intranuclear incorporation of thymic low molecular weight rna by murine bone marrow immunoblasts and inhibition of plasma cell formation by a derivative of rifampicin. | an in vitro culture system for the proliferation of igg-forming plasma cells from mouse bone marrow cultures has previously been described. the present study attempts to elucidate the mode of action of thymic rna in these cultures. autoradiography after using radiolabeled thymic rna showed that radioactive material was mainly incorporated into the nuclei of igg-forming plasma cells. no radiolabeled thymic rna was incorporated into the cells except immunoblasts. the incorporated thymic rna was ac ... | 1982 | 6178004 |
| [direct expression of the gene of human leukocyte interferon f in escherichia coli cells]. | 1982 | 6179728 | |
| an alternate method for synthesis of double-stranded dna segments. | recent progress in the chemical synthesis of dna has now made it possible to rapidly synthesize single-stranded dnas over 40 bases in length. we have taken advantage of these longer dnas in assembling and cloning a 132-base pair gene segment coding for amino acids 126 through the stop codon of human leukocyte interferon alpha 2. the method used involves dna polymerase i-mediated repair synthesis of synthetic oligonucleotide substrates having short stretches of complementary sequence at their 3' ... | 1982 | 6179931 |
| mechanism of interferon action. kinetics of induction of the antiviral state and protein phosphorylation in mouse fibroblasts treated with natural and cloned interferons. | the induction of phosphorylation of both protein p1 and protein synthesis initiation factor eif-2 alpha and the inhibition of virus replication were examined in mouse l929 fibroblasts treated with either natural mouse or individual cloned human interferons (ifn). natural mouse ifn synthesized in newcastle disease virus-induced l929 cells and two cloned human leukocyte ifn subspecies synthesized in escherichia coli, ifn-alpha d and ifn-alpha a/d, possessed antiviral activity in l929 cells as meas ... | 1982 | 6181059 |
| rapid induction of seven proteins in human lymphocytes by interferon; correlation to natural killer cell activity. | the early effects of interferon (ifn) on the synthesis of protein in human nylon wool-nonadherent lymphocytes have been stimulated by use of two-dimensional electrophoresis. ifn-alpha or -beta as well as escherichia coli-produced ifn-alpha 2 induced the rapid formation of seven proteins (mr 80, 75, 62, 53, 38, 36, and 33 kd). at least five proteins were expressed within 2 hr of incubation with ifn. the synthesis of the seven proteins seemed to require rapid transcription of new rna, because acti ... | 1982 | 6181151 |
| immunological and physicochemical characterization of heat-labile enterotoxins isolated from two strains of escherichia coli. | heat-labile enterotoxins from escherichia coli strains of human and porcine origins had identical subunit composition, arrangement, and size in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. immunological differences recently described by others were shown to reside exclusively in the b subunits. | 1982 | 6183221 |
| mouse interferons enhance the accumulation of a human hla rna and protein in transfected mouse and hamster cells. | a recombinant clone (pjy150r1.1) encoding the human major histocompatibility antigen (hla-b7) was introduced into mouse cells and hamster cells by cotransformation with selectable genes. the exposure to mouse interferon of the cells transformed to hla-b7+ resulted in a severalfold increase in the level of hla antigen and rna. the hla-b7 clone used for the transfection includes a 670-base pair dna sequence upstream from the coding segment. it remains to be established if the 670-base pair segment ... | 1982 | 6183260 |
| antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity against escherichia coli o antigens. | antibodies against escherichia coli o antigen from rabbits immunized with formalin-killed bacteria were tested for cytotoxic capacity in an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (adcc) assay with human lymphocytes as effector cells and autologous papainized erythrocytes coated with o antigen as target cells. the cytotoxic titres were compared with the titres obtained with three methods of antibody quantitation. it was found that adcc recorded antibodies with similar sensitivity as the en ... | 1982 | 6184220 |
| the nucleotide sequence of cdna coding for preproinsulin from the primate macaca fascicularis. | dna complementary to preproinsulin messenger rna from the primate macaca fascicularis has been cloned into the psti endonuclease site of the plasmid pbr322. one clone contains the entire preproinsulin coding region as well as 59 nucleotides of the 5'-untranslated region. the results predict an amino acid sequence for the macaca fascicularis preproinsulin and establish for the first time that the primary structures of human and primate insulins are identical. the two amino acid exchanges between ... | 1982 | 6184262 |
| comparison of heat-labile enterotoxins from porcine and human strains of escherichia coli. | heat-labile enterotoxins (lts) from porcine ewd299) and human (h74-114) enterotoxigenic strains of escherichia coli were isolated by a single-step galactose elution procedure. although both strains had similar amounts of lt in their whole-cell lysates, h74-114 yielded a smaller quantity of purified lt than did ewd299. immunodiffusion studies with specific antisera revealed that although the two lts shared major antigenic determinants each also had unique antigens. both also had shared and unique ... | 1982 | 6176542 |
| enteropathogenicity: recent developments. | recent studies have added important new information to our understanding of the pathogenesis and ethiology of diarrheal disease. vibrio cholerae produces a heat-labile enterotoxin, affecting cyclic amp. a very similar heat-labile enterotoxin is produced also by certain strains of escherichia coli, as well as by citrobacter, klebsiella, and aeromonas. e. coli may also produce a heat-stable enterotoxin, stimulating guanylate cyclase activity. in order to produce the pathologic effects, e. coli fir ... | 1982 | 6126611 |
| rapid identification of p-fimbriated escherichia coli by a receptor-specific particle agglutination test. | most (greater than 90%) escherichia coli strains isolated from children with acute non-obstructive pyelonephritis exhibit a specific type of filamentous protein appendage known as p-fimbriae. these fimbriae enable the bacterium to adhere to human uroepithelial cells by the specific recognition of and binding to a particular class of glycosphingolipids correlated to the human p-blood group antigens. in this paper a new method for the rapid and reliable identification of such p-fimbriated pyelonep ... | 1982 | 6127318 |
| o, k, h and fimbrial antigens in escherichia coli serotypes associated with pyelonephritis and cystitis. | o:k:h serotype determination of 267 e. coli strains from patients with pyelonephritis or cystitis led us to tentatively consider some o:k:h types, e.g. o6:k2:h1 as pyelonephritis and e.g. o6:k13:h1 as cystitis associated types. by means of crossed immunoelectrophoresis (cie) several strains of such special o:k:h serotypes were examined for presence of the previously described fimbrial antigens, f7 and f8. three new f antigens were designated f10, f11 and f12. the fimbrial structures of these ant ... | 1982 | 6127800 |
| the role of pili in the adhesion of escherichia coli to human urinary tract epithelial cells. | pili or fimbriae were purified by a new technique involving solubilization from the bacterial outer membrane by deoxycholate and separation from flagella by 6m urea. this technique was employed to clarify the role of pili for the adherence of urinary tract pathogenic e. coli; a virulence factor in urinary tract infection. the isolated pili formed single bands in sds gels and were pure by serologic criteria. they retained the binding properties of the whole piliated bacteria, since they bound to ... | 1982 | 6127801 |
| reactogenicity, immunogenicity and efficacy studies of escherichia coli type 1 somatic pili parenteral vaccine in man. | purified type 1 somatic pili from enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) strain h10407 (o78:h11) was evaluated as a parenteral immunizing agent in the hope that this antigen might enhance a contemplated polyvalent pilus vaccine. intramuscular inoculation with 45, 90, 900 or 1 800 mcg of pili vaccine was tolerated without incident in 82 volunteers. six of 15 persons who received a 28 day booster of 1 800 mcg developed local reactions while none of 52 persons receiving 180 or 450 mcg boosters evi ... | 1982 | 6127806 |
| interaction between human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and two different strains of type 1 fimbriae-bearing escherichia coli. | two type 1 fimbriae-bearing strains of escherichia coli, abu2 (on:k14) and pn7 (o1:k1), with different underlying physicochemical surface properties were compared for their capacity to interact with human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. both strains attached strongly to neutrophils in a mannose-sensitive manner. one of the strains, abu2, with a surface exposing weak negative charge and liability to hydrophobic interaction, was efficiently ingested (65%) and caused a release of reactive oxidative m ... | 1982 | 6128368 |
| recent progress in the understanding of the role of bacterial adhesion in the pathogenesis of urinary tract infection. | there is extensive evidence indicating that the capacity of escherichia coli to attach to the mucosal lining of the urinary tract is a virulence factor in acute pyelonephritis in the unobstructed state. in vitro results using human uroepithelial cells and clinical e. coli isolates as well as in vivo work on ascending urinary tract infection in mice and e. coli strains with genetically defined adhesins support this notion. the biochemical characterization of the bacterial ligands and epithelial c ... | 1982 | 6129198 |
| two defective dnas of human polyomavirus jc adapted to growth in human embryonic kidney cells. | human polyomavirus jc (jcv) adapted to growth in human embryonic kidney (hek) cells contains two or more species of shorter-length viral dna even after two cycles of plaque purification in hek cells. we have molecularly cloned jcv dna from one plaque isolate and determined the physical map of its dna. using gel electrophoresis and electron microscopy, we found that the cloned dna consisted of two classes of jcv dna. one class of dna had a deletion of 30% (between 0.7 and 1.0 map units from the e ... | 1982 | 6283163 |
| adenoviral protein-primed initiation of dna chains in vitro. | the initiation of dna chains by the 80-kilodalton form of the adenovirus terminal protein has been studied. this protein, which can be covalently linked to dcmp, is isolated complexed to a 140-kilodalton protein possessing dna polymerase activity. in the presence of adenovirus dna-protein, the formation of the 80-kilodalton protein-dcmp complex requires the addition of atp and nuclear extract from uninfected cells in addition to mg2+ and dctp. when single-stranded dna is used in place of the ade ... | 1982 | 6283524 |
| recombinant dna-derived methionyl human growth hormone is similar in membrane binding properties to human pituitary growth hormone. | 1982 | 6285914 | |
| clinical features of viral and bacterial gastroenteritis in hospitalized children. | the clinical course of 119 children, hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis of known etiology, was studied. the severity of disease was measured by a scoring system that showed that the disease caused by escherichia coli was the most severe, followed in decreasing order by salmonella, human reovirus-like agent (hrla) and shigella. the clinical features of salmonella and shigella infections differed from those reported in other countries. fifty percent of all patients recovered after 5 days of t ... | 1982 | 6286530 |
| comparison of paired whole milk and dried filter paper samples for anti-enterotoxin and anti-rotavirus activities. | milk specimens, 75 from cows immunized against cholera toxin and 35 from a human population in which enterotoxigenic escherichia coli and rotaviral infections are endemic, were collected as paired filter paper and frozen whole milk samples. each pair was tested for antibody activity against heat-labile e. coli and vibrio cholerae enterotoxins. additionally, 12 of the 35 paired human milk samples stored as frozen whole milk and dried on filter paper were tested for anti-rotavirus immunoglobulin a ... | 1982 | 6286715 |
| [infectious gastroenteritis in childhood (author's transl)]. | stool specimens from 126 children with acute gastroenteritis and from 42 controls were screened bacteriologically and virologically including electron-microscopy. rota viruses were found in 36.5% of the children with diarrhoea, enteropathogenic e. coli in 13.5% and candida in 7.1%. these pathogens were not found in the controls. enteroviruses were found in almost the same frequency in both groups (13.5% in children with gastroenteritis, 16.6% in the controls). the etiologic role of adenoviruses, ... | 1982 | 6287245 |
| specific molecular activities of recombinant and hybrid leukocyte interferons. | hybrid interferon dna recombinants were constructed from the iflra and iflrd leukocyte interferon-coding sequences. each of the hybrid interferons was purified with the use of a monoclonal antibody to human leukocyte interferon. three amino acid residues were identified, one or all of which function to potentiate antiviral activity on feline cells and reduce activity on human cells. because at sufficiently high concentrations human interferons can interact with mouse and rat receptors, it is app ... | 1982 | 6288687 |
| human cytomegalovirus dna: bamhi, ecori and psti restriction endonuclease cleavage maps. | the cloned hindiii fragments of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) strain ad169 dna were mapped with respect to the bamhi, ecori and psti restriction endonuclease cleavage sites. composite restriction endonuclease cleavage maps for the entire virus genome were constructed using the previously established linkages between the hindiii fragments. | 1982 | 6290339 |
| nucleotide sequence of fowl plague virus rna segment 7. | nucleotide sequence analysis of a recombinant dna clone of rna segment 7 from fpv/rostock/34 has shown it to be highly conserved in comparison with rna segment 7 from two human strains (allen et al., 1980; winter & fields, 1980; lamb & lai, 1981). fpv rna segment 7 contains the coding capacity for two polypeptide chains. the sequence homology between rna segment 7 of avian and human viruses was greater than 90%, and most of the changes did not result in amino acid substitutions. | 1982 | 6292344 |
| molecular cloning of a family of retroviral sequences found in chimpanzee but not human dna. | a number of retrovirus-like sequences have been cloned from chimpanzee dna which constitute the chimpanzee homologs of the endogenous colobus type c virus cpc-1. one of the clones contains a nearly complete viral genome, but others have sustained deletions of 1 to 2 kilobases in the polymerase gene. the pattern of related sequences detected in other primate species is consistent with the genetic transmission of these sequences for millions of years. however, the appropriately related sequences h ... | 1982 | 6292470 |
| deletion of the nontransforming epstein-barr virus strain p3hr-1 causes fusion of the large internal repeat to the dsl region. | the nontransforming epstein-barr virus (ebv) strain p3hr-1 is known to have a deletion of sequences of the long unique region adjacent to the large internal repeats. the deleted region is believed to be required for initiation of transformation. to establish a more detailed map of the deletion in p3hr-1 virus, sali-a of the transforming strain m-aba and of p3hr-1 virus was cloned into the cosmid vector phc79 and multiplied in escherichia coli. the cleavage sites for bamhi, bglii, ecori, psti, sa ... | 1982 | 6292473 |
| identification and nucleotide sequences of two similar tandem direct repeats in epstein-barr virus dna. | epstein-barr virus dna is known to have partially homologous segments, designated dl and dr, near the left and right ends of the long unique region (raab-traub et al., cell 22:257-267, 1980). dl and dr are each partially composed of tandem direct repeat sequences. dl contains 11 to 14 repeats of a 124-base-pair sequence designated ir2. dr contains approximately 30 direct repeats of a 103-base-pair sequence designated ir4. the dl and dr sequences have colinear partial homology for approximately 2 ... | 1982 | 6294332 |
| selective binding of actinomycin d and distamycin a to dna. | the exact sites at which a number of drugs inhibit the nick translation of dna by e.coli dna polymerase-i have been pinpointed. in order to do this, a method has been developed for sequencing double-stranded plasmid dna from the site of a specifically induced nick. the initial experiments have concentrated on analysis of drug inhibition of nick translation in a 200 nucleotide region near the eco rl origin of pbr313. many drugs were found to inhibit nick translation in a highly sequence specific ... | 1982 | 6296770 |
| microsequence analysis of peptides and proteins. iv. structural studies on human leukocyte interferons. | 1982 | 6186155 | |
| detection of fungemia obscured by concomitant bacteremia: in vitro and in vivo studies. | our recent clinical experience suggested that bacteremia may interfere with the detection of concomitant fungemia when standard blood culture methods are used. to determine the extent to which bacteria may interfere with fungal isolation from blood cultures, an in vitro model simulating blood cultures taken during concomitant fungemia and bacteremia was created. each of six bacteria (staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumonia ... | 1982 | 6186687 |
| use of recombinant plasmids to investigate the structure of the human cytomegalovirus genome. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) dna was digested with restriction endonucleases and the fragments characterized with respect to molecular weight and relative mole proportions. the terminal fragments were identified by digesting hcmv dna with exonucleases before restriction endonuclease treatment and subsequent gel analysis. the hindiii fragments of hcmv dna were cloned in escherichia coli and recombinant plasmids were characterized by digestion with restriction endonucleases and by molecular hybrid ... | 1982 | 6279770 |
| isolation of human oncogene sequences (v-fes homolog) from a cosmid library. | to define the human homolog (or homologs) of transforming sequences (v-fes gene) common to gardner (ga) and snyder theilen (st) isolates of feline sarcoma virus (fesv), a representative library of human lung carcinoma dna in a cosmid vector system was constructed. three cosmid clones were isolated containing ga/st fesv v-fes homologous cellular sequences, within 32- to 42-kilobase cellular inserts representing 56 kilobases of contiguous human cellular dna. sequences both homologous to, and colin ... | 1982 | 6281890 |
| [problems concerned with microbial mutagenicity tests]. | mutagenicity tests using microorganisms are the salmonella-typhimurium test (ames), the test with a polymerase a deficient escherichia coli, the saccharomyces cerevisiae d3 system and the neurospora crassa test. differences in results of ames-test may be due to differences preserving the tester strains, the choice of solvent and the dosage of the test compounds, last not least is the production of s-9. the polymerase a deficient escherichia coli system seems easier to handle than the saccharomyc ... | 1982 | 6461834 |
| piroxicam enhances phagocytosis of escherichia coli by human polymorphonuclear neutrophils. | 1982 | 6760862 | |
| interactions of antimicrobial drugs and combined phagocytic/serum bactericidal activity of defibrinated human blood against serratia marcescens. ii. aminoglycosides: amikacin, gentamicin, and netilmicin. | minimal bactericidal concentrations of the aminoglycoside antibiotics amikacin, gentamicin, and netilmicin killed intraphagolysosomal test bacteria of selected assay strains of serratia marcescens, though not as efficiently as rifampin. the system employed consisted of 55 vol% of fresh defibrinated human blood treated with 2 mg/ml of phenylbutazone which permitted ingestion of bacteria, but selectively inhibited microbicidal activity of the peripheral blood leukocytes. extraphagocytic bacteria w ... | 1982 | 6761079 |
| [the effect of plasmids of various incompatibility groups on the serum sensitivity of escherichia coli k 12]. | using the method of henkel and taylor (11, 18) 60 escherichia coli k 12 j 53 strains carrying r-plasmids of 15 incompatibility groups (fi, fime, fii, fiv, fv, fvi, i alpha, i gamma, i omega, i5, b, c, k, m, s) have been tested with respect to their serum sensitivity in pooled human serum. we found for 41 plasmid carrying strains a grade of resistance to serum bactericidal activity of 0, for 19 strains a grade of 1, 2 or 3 according to the method of henkel. applying the method the method of taylo ... | 1982 | 6762011 |
| fluorogenic substrates for bacterial aminopeptidase p and its analogs detected in human serum and calf lung. | a sensitive fluorimetric assay was developed for bacterial aminopeptidase p, based on intramolecularly quenched fluorogenic substrates. two substrates were synthesized. phe(no2)-pro-hn-ch2-ch2-nh-abz (substrate i) and phe(no2)-pro-pro-hn-ch2-ch2-nh-abz (substrate ii), in which the phe(no2) group (rho-nitro-l-phenylalanyl) quenches the fluorescence of the abz group (omicron-aminobenzoyl). both substrates were readily cleaved by aminopeptidase p from escherichia coli, releasing rho-nitro-l-phenyla ... | 1982 | 6749499 |
| multiple forms of human dihydrofolate reductase messenger rna. cloning and expression in escherichia coli of their dna coding sequence. | 1982 | 6750132 | |
| application of the lal test and the chromogenic substrate test to the detection of endotoxin in human blood products. | 1982 | 6750644 | |
| treatment of gram-negative bacteremia and shock with human antiserum to a mutant escherichia coli. | in an effort to decrease deaths from gram-negative bacteremia and endotoxin shock, we treated bacteremic patients with human antiserum to endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) core. antiserum was prepared by vaccinating healthy men with heat-killed escherichia coli j5; this mutant lacks lipopolysaccharide oligosaccharide side chains, so that the core, which is nearly identical to that of most other gram-negative bacteria, is exposed for antibody formation. in a randomized controlled trial, patients wer ... | 1982 | 6752708 |
| antibodies against escherichia coli capsular (k) antigens in human milk and serum. their relation on the e. coli gut flora of the mother and neonate. | 1982 | 6753474 | |
| inhibition of calf thymus dna polymerase alpha and of normal and cancer cell growth by butylanilinouracil and butylphenylguanine. | 6-(p-n-butylanilino)uracil and n2-(p-butylphenyl)guanine inhibited the activity of dna polymerase alpha from calf thymus but had no effect on other eukaryotic polymerases (dna polymerases beta and gamma) or escherichia coli dna polymerase i. inhibition was competitive with deoxyguanosine 5'-triphosphate and did not occur in the reaction of dna polymerase alpha with a template that did not contain cytosine residues. the results support a mechanism which involves hydrogen bonding of inhibitors wit ... | 1982 | 6756479 |
| short-time low-temperature pasteurisation of human milk. | using the oxford human milk pasteuriser human milk was exposed to lower temperature and shorter time periods than employed in classical holder pasteurisation. heating human milk at 62.5 degrees c for 5 min completely destroyed escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, and group b beta-haemolytic streptococci inoculated into the samples. heating at 56.0 degrees c for 15 min destroyed over 99% of the inoculated organisms. the mean percentage remaining activity of certain antimicrobial proteins afte ... | 1982 | 6756884 |
| relative colonizing abilities of human fecal and k 12 strains of escherichia coli in the large intestines of streptomycin-treated mice. | male cd-1 mice, fed streptomycin in their drinking water, were used to study colonization of the mouse intestine by both fecal escherichia coli strains isolated from healthy humans and escherichia coli k12 strains which are routinely used as hosts for recombinant dna. prior to use in mice, all the strains were made resistant to streptomycin. several facts emerged from these studies: (a) strains isolated from different healthy humans colonized the mouse intestine with equal ability (approximately ... | 1982 | 6756909 |
| observations on the in vivo and in vitro competition between strains of escherichia coli isolated from the human gut. | 1982 | 6757239 | |
| preliminary studies on the inhibitory effect of novel pd(ii) complexes of vitamin b6 on cell divisions. | two novel complexes of pd(ii) involving vitamin b6 compounds have been synthesized. they are compatible with the compositions pd(p.h.)2 c2(p = pyridoxol) and pd(pl.h)2 c2(pl = pyridoxal). the complexes inhibited the growth as well as the biosynthesis of rna, dna, and protein of e. coli b-766. photoacoustic spectral (pas) measurements showed that the complexes bound to dna of the bacteria and were present only in the kidney of treated mice. the complexes inhibited the incorporation of 3h-thymidin ... | 1982 | 6757388 |