Publications

human papillomavirus dna in oral squamous cell carcinomas and normal oral mucosa.	to elucidate the putative etiologic role of human papillomaviruses (hpv) in oral carcinogenesis, a comparative study was carried out on 62 tissue specimens of oral squamous cell carcinoma (oscc) and on 62 specimens of histologically normal oral mucosa obtained from the individuals who matched the subjects with oscc in age, gender, localization of obtained tissue specimens, drinking and smoking habits. internal control amplification showed that amplifiable dna was recovered from 59/62 and 61/62 t ...	2003	12828338
mucosal igg and iga responses to human papillomavirus type 16 capsid proteins in hpv16-infected women without visible pathology.	human papillomavirus type 16 (hpv16) may infect the cervical epithelium without producing pathological changes for a long time. to investigate if mucosal antibodies are induced in hpv16-infected women without visible pathology, cervical mucus from hpv16-infected patients with and without evident pathology, along with mucus from uninfected women were analyzed for the presence of mucosal igg and secretory iga (siga) antibodies to hpv16 capsid proteins by elisa. siga and igg antibodies were found i ...	2003	12828867
successful treatment of bowenoid papulosis in a 9-year-old girl with vertically acquired human immunodeficiency virus.	a 9-year-old black girl with vertically acquired human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and no history of condyloma acuminata presented with a 4-year history of enlarging and spreading dark brown flat papules in the perineum. some of the lesions were confluent and extended from the clitoris to the labia majora and posteriorly to the buttocks and perianal region. a biopsy of one of the lesions showed bowenoid features. our patient had a normal pap smear, but vaginal and cervical biopsy specimens reve ...	2003	12837910
chlamydia trachomatis, herpes simplex virus 2, and human t-cell lymphotrophic virus type 1 are not associated with grade of cervical neoplasia in jamaican colposcopy patients.	a few recent studies have suggested that other sexually transmitted infections may increase the likelihood of a human papillomavirus (hpv) infection progressing to high-grade cervical neoplasia and cancer.	2003	12838087
risk of cancer in persons with aids in italy, 1985-1998.	a record linkage was carried out between the italian registry of aids and 19 cancer registries (crs), which covered 23% of the italian population, to estimate the overall cancer burden among persons with hiv or aids (pwha) in italy, according to various characteristics. observed and expected numbers of cancer and standardised incidence ratios (sirs) were assessed until 1998 in 12 104 pwha aged 15-69 years, for a total of 60 421 person-years. significantly increased sirs were observed for kaposi' ...	2003	12838307
centrosomes, genomic instability, and cervical carcinogenesis.	high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv)-associated carcinogenesis of the uterine cervix is a particularly useful model to study basic mechanisms of genomic instability in cancer. cervical carcinogenesis is associated with the expression of two high-risk hpv-encoded oncoproteins, e6 and e7. aneuploidy, the most frequent form of genomic instability in human carcinomas, develops as early as in nonmalignant cervical precursor lesions. in addition, cervical neoplasia is frequently associated with abnorm ...	2003	12839094
immortalization of normal human embryonic fibroblasts by introduction of either the human papillomavirus type 16 e6 or e7 gene alone.	the ability of the human papillomavirus type 16 (hpv-16) e6 or e7 gene to induce immortalization of normal human embryonic fibroblast whe-7 cells was examined. whe-7 cells at 9 population doublings (pd) were infected with retrovirus vectors encoding either hpv-16 e6 or e7 alone or both e6 and e7 (e6/e7). one of 4 isolated clones carrying e6 alone became immortal and is currently at >445 pd. four of 4 isolated clones carrying e7 alone escaped from crisis and are currently at >330 pd. three of 5 i ...	2003	12845665
effect of plasma micronutrients on clearance of oncogenic human papillomavirus (hpv) infection (united states).	data have suggested that higher levels of nutrients are protective against hpv persistence and cervical neoplasia. this study assessed the role of circulating nutrients on clearance of oncogenic hpv infections.	2003	12846362
cytogenetic and molecular genetic changes in malignant transformation of immortalized esophageal epithelial cells.	the purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent to which the expression of p53, c-myc, bcl-2, ras genes and chromosomes, along with activity of htert, impacts on the malignant transformation of immortalized esophageal epithelial cells. the shee cell line was established from an embryonic esophageal epithelial cell induced by transduction of e6e7 genes of human papillomavirus type 18 (hpv18e6e7). in cells of the 85th passage (shee85), the malignant transformation of shee was confirmed by mor ...	2003	12851721
plantar wart treatment with combination imiquimod and salicylic acid pads.	treatment of plantar warts is often difficult and may be painful, often employing destructive treatment modalities. we report the successful treatment of a patient with a large plantar wart using imiquimod 5% cream under occlusion with a 40% salicylic acid pad. this combination treatment modality likely allows successful delivery of imiquimod through the thick skin on the plantar surface. once penetrated, an anti-viral state is created by upregulating specific cytokines to eradicate the human pa ...	2003	12852385
use of sam2 biotin capture membrane in microarrayed compound screening (muarcs) format for nucleic acid polymerization assays.	microarrayed compound screening format (muarcs) is a novel high-throughput screening technology that uses agarose matrices to integrate various biochemical or biological reagents in the assay. to evaluate the feasibility of using the muarcs technology for nucleic acid polymerization assays, the authors developed hiv reverse transcription (rt) and e1-dependent human papillomavirus (hpv) replication assays in this format. hiv rt is an rna-dependent dna polymerase, whereas hpv e1 is a dna helicase. ...	2003	12857381
detection of human papillomavirus in urine and cervical swabs from patients with invasive cervical cancer.	despite the high prevalence of both human papillomavirus (hpv) infections and cervical cancer among zimbabwean women, the ability to test for hpv infection of the uterine cervix is limited by a lack of an easy sample collection method that does not require gynecological examination. the presence of hpvs in urine and cervical swab samples collected from 43 women who presented with invasive cervical cancer was investigated. hpv detection was done by means of degenerate primers in a nested polymera ...	2003	12858416
human papillomavirus type 16 and immune status in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive women.	human papillomavirus (hpv) type 16 is etiologically associated with approximately half of all cervical cancers. it is important, therefore, to determine the characteristics that distinguish hpv16 from other hpv types. a preliminary result based on cross-sectional baseline data in the women's interagency human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) study (wihs) suggested that the prevalence of hpv16 might have a weaker association with immune status in hiv-seropositive women than that of other hpv types. t ...	2003	12865452
preferential nuclear localization of the human papillomavirus type 16 e6 oncoprotein in cervical carcinoma cells.	the e6 protein of the high-risk human papillomavirus type 16 (hpv-16) is involved in the tumorigenesis of human cervical cells by targeting numerous cellular proteins. we characterized new anti-e6 monoclonal antibodies and used them for precise localization of the e6 oncoprotein within carcinoma cells. overexpressed e6 protein was predominantly detected in the nucleus of transiently transfected hacat cells. while mostly localized at the periphery of condensed chromatin, e6 was also associated wi ...	2003	12867640
prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in rural villages of the bolivian amazon.	cervical cancer constitutes a major health problem in developing countries like bolivia. the roles of certain genotypes of human papillomaviruses (hpvs) in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer is well established. the prevalence of hpv infection among sexually active women varies greatly. information regarding hpv infection in bolivia is very much scarce, specially in regions like the amazonian lowland. we studied 135 healthy women living in four rural localities of the bolivian amazon. presence ...	2003	12870061
findings to date from the ascus-lsil triage study (alts).	controversy exists in the united states regarding the proper evaluation and management of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (lsil) and equivocal (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance [ascus, now asc-us]) cervical cytologic interpretations. to address this issue, the national cancer institute initiated the ascus-lsil triage study (alts). alts is a multicenter, randomized clinical trial designed to evaluate 3 alternative methods of management, namely, immediate colposcopy, ...	2003	12873166
human papillomavirus reporting: minimizing patient and laboratory risk.	risk management efforts in the cytology laboratory must address the gap between what can be achieved with medical history's most effective cancer screening test, the papanicolaou (pap) test, and even higher entrenched public expectations. data from the atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ascus)/low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion triage study (alts) now provide level i clinical evidence from a large, randomized, controlled, multicenter clinical trial that reflex human pap ...	2003	12873169
successfully integrating human papillomavirus testing into your practice.	integrating human papillomavirus (hpv) testing into the practice of cervical cancer screening is a continuous process that begins and ends with education. an understanding of the basic science and clinical relevance are critical to proper implementation. one must have knowledge of one's own laboratory statistics, clinician awareness, and market forces before the final steps are taken. additional logistical issues are often laboratory specific or state specific, but are addressed here.	2003	12873172
long-term follow-up of patients treated with recombinant human interferon gamma for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.	the immediate results of interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) treatment in the management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) have been described. however, little is known of the long-term results of this conservative treatment and we aimed to assess them.	2003	12873779
quantitative rt-pcr assay for hpv infection in cultured cells.	early events in the life cycle of the human papillomaviruses (hpv) have been difficult to investigate due to both the scarcity of authentic hpv virions and limitations in assays to detect and quantify nonpermissive infections in monolayer cell culture. we have developed a quantitative reverse transcription-pcr (qrt-pcr) assay for the e1( wedge )e4 transcript of hpv-11. this assay is both sensitive, and capable of differentiating between infections caused by a wide range of virus input. the qrt-p ...	2003	12880929
e6/e7 genes of human papilloma virus type 18 induced immortalization of human fetal esophageal epithelium.	to study the role played by human papilloma virus (hpv) in carcinogenesis, immortalized esophageal epithelial cells were induced by e6 and e7 genes of hpv type 18 and the biological behavior was studied. human fetal esophageal epithelial cells were transfected with recombined hpv18e6e7aav and were cultured and passaged in medium m199. in both the 10th passage (shee10) and the 31st passage (shee31), their proliferative rates by flow cytometry and their abilities to grow and form colonies in soft ...	2003	12883719
topical vidarabine or 5-fluorouracil treatment against persistent hpv in genital (pre)cancerous lesions.	in the present study, effectiveness of topical vidarabine or subsequent 5-fluorouracil (5-fu) administration was examined against persistent genital human papillomavirus (hpv) infection after local surgery. thirty patients underwent local eradication treatment of uterine cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (cin) and stage ia1 uterine cervical cancers. hpv typing was performed by pcr-rflp analysis. hpv infection was detected pre-operatively in 29 of 30 patients. of these, hpv was still present in ...	2003	12883720
oral immunogenicity of human papillomavirus-like particles expressed in potato.	human papillomavirus-like particles (hpv vlps) have shown considerable promise as a parenteral vaccine for the prevention of cervical cancer and its precursor lesions. parenteral vaccines are expensive to produce and deliver, however, and therefore are not optimal for use in resource-poor settings, where most cervical hpv disease occurs. transgenic plants expressing recombinant vaccine immunogens offer an attractive and potentially inexpensive alternative to vaccination by injection. for example ...	2003	12885889
association between high-risk human papillomavirus dna load and precursor lesions of cervical cancer in mexican women.	our objective was to determine the association between viral load of high risk human papilloma virus (hpv) using the hybrid capture ii (hc ii) system and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) lesion stage.	2003	12893192
human papillomavirus infection in men who have sex with men participating in a dutch gay-cohort study.	to develop strategies for prevention and early treatment of human papillomavirus (hpv) anal and penile cancer, a better understanding of related sexual behavior risk factors is needed.	2003	12897686
[perianal bowen's disease: a case report and review of the literature].	perianal bowen's disease is a uncommon, slow growing, intraepidermal squamous-cell carcinoma (carcinoma in situ) of the anal region and may be a precursor to squamous carcinoma of the anus. it is associated with cervical and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia and have human papillomavirus as a common cause. both sexes and all races are affected, with the highest prevalence in patients aged 20 to 45 years. the symptoms of anal bowen's disease are unspecific and the clinical findings are uncharacter ...	2003	12903534
characterization of the transmembrane channel-like (tmc) gene family: functional clues from hearing loss and epidermodysplasia verruciformis.	mutations of tmc1 cause deafness in humans and mice. tmc1 and a related gene, tmc2, are the founding members of a novel gene family. here we describe six additional tmc paralogs (tmc3 to tmc8) in humans and mice, as well as homologs in other species. cdnas spanning the full length of the predicted open reading frames of the mammalian genes were cloned and sequenced. all are strongly predicted to encode proteins with 6 to 10 transmembrane domains and a novel conserved 120-amino-acid sequence that ...	2003	12906855
characterization of human papillomavirus infection, p53 and ki-67 expression in cervix cancer of mozambican women.	in this study, we aimed at evaluating the distribution of hpv types and the expression of p53 and ki-67 in cervix carcinomas of mozambican women. fourty-seven invasive carcinomas, 10 cin iii, and 10 normal cervix were studied. p53 and ki-67 expression was examined immunohistochemically. hpv infection and hpv types were detected by pcr (gp5+/bio-gp6+) and enzyme-immunoassay, respectively. expression of p53 and ki-67 and detection of hpv were as follows: normal cervix--0%, 10%, and 0%, respectivel ...	2003	12908520
obesity as a potential risk factor for adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas of the uterine cervix.	hormonal factors may play a more prominent role in cervical adenocarcinoma than squamous cell carcinoma. the authors evaluated whether obesity, which can influence hormone levels, was associated with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.	2003	12910527
serologic evidence of human papillomavirus 16 and 18 infections and risk of prostate cancer.	human papillomavirus (hpv) subtypes 16 and 18 are sexually transmitted and have been associated with an increased incidence of several anogenital tumors. although previous epidemiological studies have suggested that sexual behaviors such as an early age at first intercourse and larger numbers of sexual partners are also related to an increased risk of prostate cancer, seroepidemiological studies of these infectious agents in relation to prostate cancer have produced differing results. to further ...	2003	12917208
detection of human papillomavirus type 57 in the tissue of a plantar epidermoid cyst.	plantar epidermoid cysts with human papillomavirus (hpv) infection are not rare in japan. most of them show the cytopathic effect of hpv type 60 - homogeneous intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. our case presented a plantar epidermoid cyst with vacuolation around the granular cell layer without any features of hpv type 60. in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction followed by dna sequencing analysis revealed an association with hpv type 57.	2003	12920371
human papillomavirus infections and oral tumors.	in the past 20 years, there has been an increasing interest in human papillomaviruses (hpv) because of their potential role in the pathogenesis of malignant tumors. in 1983, we published the first evidence that hpv might be involved in oral squamous cell carcinomas. the identification of morphological similarities between oral and cervical mucosa lead us to this original proposal. in a recent meta-analysis, hpv was indeed confirmed as an independent risk factor for oral carcinoma. to date, total ...	2003	12920585
[non-replicating recombinant vaccinia virus expressing hpv16 e6 and e7 proteins elicits anti-tumor immunity in mice].	to investigate the anti-tumor immunity of the non-replicating recombinant vaccinia virus expressing hpv16 e6 and e7 proteins.	2003	12921560
comparison of the cd8+ t cell responses and antitumor effects generated by dna vaccine administered through gene gun, biojector, and syringe.	dna vaccines have emerged as an attractive approach for antigen-specific cancer immunotherapy. we have previously linked mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) to human papillomavirus type 16 (hpv-16) e7 in the context of a dna vaccine. vaccination with dna encoding e7/hsp70 has generated a dramatic increase of e7-specific cd8+ t cell precursors and a strong antitumor effect against e7-expressing tumor (tc-1) in vaccinated mice. the success of our strategy has led to two phases ...	2003	12922140
human papillomavirus and risk factors for cervical cancer in chennai, india: a case-control study.	to evaluate the role of human papillomavirus (hpv) and other risk factors in the aetiology of invasive cervical carcinoma (icc), we conducted a hospital-based case-control study in chennai, southern india. a total of 205 icc cases (including 12 adenocarcinomas) and 213 frequency age-matched control women were included. hpv dna in cervical cells was evaluated by means of a polymerase chain-reaction assay. odds ratios (ors) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (cis) were computed by means of ...	2003	12925967
atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance in liquid-based cytologic specimens: results of reflex human papillomavirus testing and histologic follow-up in routine practice with comparison of interpretive and probabilistic reporting methods.	human papillomavirus (hpv) dna testing for high-risk types after papanicolaou (pap) smear interpretations of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ascus) is a sensitive method for identifying women who harbor underlying high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (hsil). to the authors' knowledge, the application of hpv testing to ascus smears in routine practice with comparison of probabilistic and interpretive models of cytologic reporting has not been reported.	2003	12925979
is the human papillomavirus a mutual aetiological agent in oral and cervical squamous cell carcinoma?	oncogenic hpv-types are the most important risk factor in cervical ssc and have also been implicated in the aetiology of ossc. this evidence of infection at different anatomical sites suggests systemic susceptibility that implies that different expressions of disease should more or less correlate over long periods of time.	2003	12926099
human papillomavirus and dna ploidy in tonsillar cancer--correlation to prognosis.	human papillomavirus (hpv) is frequently observed in tonsillar cancer. here, tonsillar tumors were examined to see whether dna content varied depending on hpv status, and influenced clinical outcome.	2003	12926119
rt-pcr amplification of rna extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded oral cancer sections: analysis of p53 pathway.	we present a new approach towards the detection of the mrnas in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples using a reverse transcriptase (rt)-polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the total rnas were extracted from 10-micron-thick sections and were reverse-transcribed, then the rt-products were subjected to pcr amplification of gapdh mrna for screening the mrna degradation. next, nested pcr was performed for examining the expression of p53-related genes, p21waf1, mdm2, p33ing1 and p14arf. gapdh mrna e ...	2003	12926130
rapidly enlarging growth of the proximal nail fold.	squamous cell carcinoma (scc) of the nail unit is a rare but often underappreciated neoplasm. treatment can be delayed due to confusion with paronychia and verruca. infection with human papilloma virus (hpv) has been associated with this malignancy.	2003	12930348
solution measurement of dna curvature in papillomavirus e2 binding sites.	'indirect readout' refers to the proposal that proteins can recognize the intrinsic three-dimensional shape or flexibility of a dna binding sequence apart from direct protein contact with dna base pairs. the differing affinities of human papillomavirus (hpv) e2 proteins for different e2 binding sites have been proposed to reflect indirect readout. dna bending has been observed in x-ray structures of e2 protein-dna complexes. x-ray structures of three different e2 dna binding sites revealed diffe ...	2003	12930964
viruses and the 26s proteasome: hacking into destruction.	the discovery that the human papillomavirus e6 oncoprotein could direct the ubiquitination and degradation of the p53 tumour suppressor at the 26s proteasome was the beginning of a new view on virus-host interactions. a decade later, a plethora of viral proteins have been shown to direct host-cell proteins for proteolytic degradation. these activities are required for various aspects of the virus life-cycle from entry, through replication and enhanced cell survival, to viral release. as with onc ...	2003	12932734
determinants of clearance of human papillomavirus infections in colombian women with normal cytology: a population-based, 5-year follow-up study.	little is known about the factors that influence clearance of human papillomavirus (hpv), the primary cause of cervical carcinoma. a total of 227 women cytologically normal and hpv positive at baseline were identified from a population-based cohort of 1,995 bogota, colombia, women aged 13-85 years followed between 1993 and 2000 (mean follow-up, 5.3 years). hpv dna detection and viral load determination were based on a gp5+/gp6+ polymerase chain reaction enzyme immunoassay. rate ratio estimates f ...	2003	12936904
a p53-dependent, telomere-independent proliferative life span barrier in human astrocytes consistent with the molecular genetics of glioma development.	an in vitro model, based on normal (primary) human astrocytes (nhas), was used to investigate the nature of the selection pressures for events that occur during the progression of astrocyte-derived tumors and, in particular, the potential role of proliferative life span barriers (plbs). as with fibroblasts, nhas senesced with elevated p21(waf1) and senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activities. unlike fibroblasts, replicative senescence (m1) occurred much earlier, after approximately 20 pd ...	2003	12941806
are smoking and chlamydial infection risk factors for cin? different results after adjustment for hpv dna and antibodies.	to identify the risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin), we reanalysed the data from our previous case-control study by adjusting for human papillomavirus (hpv) antibodies. unlike our previous study based only on hpv dna, smoking and chlamydia trachomatis infection were revealed as significant risk factors for cin after adjustment for hpv antibodies.	2003	12942113
ki-67 immunocytochemistry in liquid based cervical cytology: useful as an adjunctive tool?	to test the ability of ki-67 to detect cytological lesions in a screening setting and its use as a surrogate marker of human papillomavirus (hpv) infection.	2003	12944552
risk of invasive cancer of the cervix in relation to the use of injectable progestogen contraceptives and combined estrogen/progestogen oral contraceptives (south africa).	cervical cancer is caused by specific types of the human papilloma virus (hpv), but not all infected women develop cancer. it has been hypothesized that hormonal contraceptives may potentiate the oncogenicity of hpv infection.	2003	12946044
decreased expression of human papillomavirus e2 protein and transforming growth factor-beta1 in human cervical neoplasia as an early marker in carcinogenesis.	human papillomavirus (hpv) is thought to be one of the possible causative factors in cervical carcinogenesis, and cervical carcinoma cells are refractory to tumor transforming growth factor (tgf)-beta1. the purpose of this study is to investigate the possible cause-effect association between hpv and tgf-beta1 during cervical tumorigenesis.	2003	12949986
evidence for at least three alternative mechanisms targeting the p16ink4a/cyclin d/rb pathway in penile carcinoma, one of which is mediated by high-risk human papillomavirus.	a comprehensive analysis of 53 penile carcinomas was performed to determine which mechanisms might be involved in the disruption of the p16(ink4a)/cyclin d/rb pathway. to that end, human papillomavirus (hpv) presence, p16(ink4a) expression and promoter methylation, and expression of the bmi-1 polycomb gene product were studied. sixteen (30%) of the carcinomas were found to harbour high-risk hpv dna, 15 of which contained hpv 16. hpv 16 e6/e7 oncogene transcripts were detected in 13 (87%) of the ...	2003	12950023
role of hpv dna testing in predicting cervical intraepithelial lesions: comparison of hc hpv and ish hpv.	human papillomavirus (hpv) is widely accepted as the primary agent involved in the development of squamous intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical carcinoma. several commercial tests are available for detecting hpv dna. this study compares the efficacy of inform hpv (in situ hybridization [ish] hpv) and hcii (hc hpv) in predicting cervical lesions. a total of 762 sequential papanicolaou (pap) smears determined by cytologic examination to be either atypical squamous cells of undetermined significa ...	2003	12951683
the clinician's view: role of human papillomavirus testing in the american society for colposcopy and cervical pathology guidelines for the management of abnormal cervical cytology and cervical cancer precursors.	the american society for colposcopy and cervical pathology (asccp) national consensus conference for the management of women with cervical cytological abnormalities and cervical cancer precursors was held on the national institutes of health campus in bethesda, md, september 6-8, 2001. the conference was attended by 121 representatives from 29 national organizations interested in cervical cancer screening issues. for the first time, guidelines for the management of women with abnormal cervical c ...	2003	12952506
association of gp91phox homolog nox1 with anchorage-independent growth and map kinase-activation of transformed human keratinocytes.	among five members of the nadph oxidase (nox) family, nox1 confers mitogenic properties and is implicated to participate in the process of cell transformation. we have established two phenotypes of carcinogenesis model by ethanol treatment of human gingival keratinocytes immortalized with e6/e7 oncogenes of human papillomavirus type16: immortalized (epi) nontransformed cells with epithelium-like morphology and more advanced transformed (fib) cells with spindle fibroblastic-shape morphology. fib ...	2003	12955083
adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix: the presence of human papillomavirus and the method of detection.	effective screening programs have contributed to a decrease in the incidence of cervical squamous cell carcinomas but have had a limited sensitivity in the detection of adenocarcinoma precursor lesions. the aim of our study was to analyze cervical adenocarcinoma in greater detail: symptoms preceding the detection, the method of detection and the prevalence of human papillomavirus (hpv) with respect to age at diagnosis.	2003	12956848
pyrazoloacridine is active in multidrug-resistant neuroblastoma cell lines with nonfunctional p53.	the purpose of this study was to determine the activity of pyrazoloacridine (pza) in neuroblastomas that have acquired high-level resistance to multiple drugs (not associated with multidrug resistance-associated protein or p-glycoprotein) during therapy, including those with loss of p53 function.	2003	12960142
oridonin induces growth inhibition and apoptosis of a variety of human cancer cells.	pc-spes is an eight herbal mixture that was shown to have activity against prostate cancer. recently, we purified oridonin from rabdosia rubescens, one component of pc-spes, by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc). the ability of oridonin to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells was examined by mtt assay. oridonin effectively inhibited the proliferation of a wide variety of cancer cells including those from prostate (lncap, du145, pc3), breast (mcf-7, mda-mb231), non-small cell lung ...	2003	12964003
hpv infection and number of lifetime sexual partners are strong predictors for 'natural' regression of cin 2 and 3.	the aim of this paper was to evaluate the factors that predict regression of untreated cin 2 and 3. a total of 93 patients with colposcopic persistent cin 2 and 3 lesions after biopsy were followed for 6 months. human papillomavirus (hpv) types were determined by polymerase chain reaction at enrolment. we analysed the biologic and demographic predictors of natural regression using univariate and multivariate methods. the overall regression rate was 52% (48 out of 93), including 58% (22 out of 38 ...	2003	12966426
mrna splicing regulates human papillomavirus type 11 e1 protein production and dna replication.	the papillomavirus replicative helicase e1 and the origin recognition protein e2 are required for efficient viral dna replication. we fused the green fluorescent protein (gfp) to the human papillomavirus type 11 e1 protein either in a plasmid with the e1 coding region alone (nucleotides [nt] 832 to 2781) (pgfp-11e1) or in a plasmid containing both the e1 and e2 regions (nt 2723 to 3826) and the viral origin of replication (ori) (p11rc). the former supported transient replication of an ori plasmi ...	2003	12970406
direct activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 by human papillomavirus e7.	addition of human papillomavirus (hpv) e7 cdk2/cyclin a or cdk2/cyclin e, purified from either insect cells or bacteria, dramatically upregulates histone h1 kinase activity. activation is substrate specific, with a smaller effect noted for retinoblastoma protein (rb). the cdk2 stimulatory activity is equivalent in high-risk (hpv type 16 [hpv16] and hpv31) and low-risk (hpv6b) e7. mutational analyses of hpv16 e7 indicate that the major activity resides in amino acids 9 to 38, spanning cr1 and cr2 ...	2003	12970441
interaction between the hpv e7 oncoprotein and the transcriptional coactivator p300.	infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (hpv) can lead to the development of cervical cancer. this process depends on the interaction of the virus-encoded oncoproteins, e6 and e7, with a variety of host regulatory proteins. as e7 shares both functional and structural similarities with the adenovirus e1a (ad e1a) protein, we were interested in investigating the possible interactions between e7 and the transcriptional coactivator p300, since it was originally identified as a target of ad e ...	2003	12970734
chromosomal imbalances in four new uterine cervix carcinoma derived cell lines.	uterine cervix carcinoma is the second most common female malignancy worldwide and a major health problem in mexico, representing the primary cause of death among the mexican female population. high risk human papillomavirus (hpv) infection is considered to be the most important risk factor for the development of this tumor and cervical carcinoma derived cell lines are very useful models for the study of viral carcinogenesis. comparative genomic hybridization (cgh) experiments have detected a sp ...	2003	12659655
human papillomavirus infection in men attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic.	human papillomavirus (hpv) is the main etiologic agent of anogenital cancers, including cervical cancer, but little is known about the type-specific prevalence of hpv in men. participants were men aged 18-70 years attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic. penile skin swabs were assessed for hpv dna using polymerase chain reaction with reverse line-blot genotyping. of 436 swabs collected, 90.1% yielded sufficient dna for hpv analysis. men with inadequate swab samples were significantly mor ...	2003	12660920
human papillomavirus type 16 l1 capsomeres induce l1-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes and tumor regression in c57bl/6 mice.	we analyzed capsomeres of human papillomavirus type 16 (hpv16) consisting of the l1 major structural protein for their ability to trigger a cytotoxic t-cell (ctl) response. to this end, we immunized c57bl/6 mice and used the l1(165-173) peptide for ex vivo restimulation of splenocytes prior to analysis ((51)cr release assay and enzyme-linked immunospot assay [elispot]). this peptide was identified in this study as a d(b)-restricted naturally processed ctl epitope by hpv16 l1 sequence analysis, m ...	2003	12663770
a synthetic e7 gene of human papillomavirus type 16 that yields enhanced expression of the protein in mammalian cells and is useful for dna immunization studies.	a synthetic e7 gene of human papillomavirus (hpv) type 16 was generated that consists entirely of preferred human codons. expression analysis of the synthetic e7 gene in human and animal cells showed levels of e7 protein 20- to 100-fold higher than those obtained with wild-type e7. enhanced expression of e7 protein resulted from highly efficient translation, as well as increased stability of the e7 mrna due to its codon optimization. higher levels of e7 protein in cells transfected with syntheti ...	2003	12663798
squamous metaplasia induced by transfection of human papillomavirus dna into cultured adenocarcinoma cells.	it has been reported previously in cases of adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung in okinawa, a subtropical island 2000 km south of mainland japan, that the squamous cell carcinoma components were positive for human papillomavirus (hpv) by non-isotopic in situ hybridisation (nish). the adenocarcinoma cells adjacent to the squamous cell carcinoma components were enlarged and also positive for hpv. this is thought to indicate that after adenocarcinoma cells are infected with hpv, they undergo morpho ...	2003	12665627
prognostic factors associated with the clinical outcome of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a cohort study in japan.	one hundred and eighty-five japanese women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) were enrolled in this follow-up study. on the basis of the prevalence of human papillomavirus (hpv) dna in japanese cervical cancer patients, hpv types were categorized into three groups as follows: (1) high risk (types 16, 18, 33, 52, and 58), (2) intermediate risk (types 31, 35, 39, 51, 56, 59, 68, and 70), (3) low risk (type 6, 30, 42, 53, 54, 55, 66 and unclassified types). high-risk hpv infection was a ...	2003	12668281
hpv vaccine medimmune/glaxosmithkline.	medimmune, in collaboration with glaxosmithkline, is developing a vaccine consisting of self-assembling, virus-like particles for the prevention of human papillomavirus (hpv) infection of the genital tract and associated cervical cancer. the vaccine candidates include the prototype vaccine, medi-501 (a vaccine directed against hpv-11), medi-503 (directed against hpv-16) and medi-504 (directed against hpv-18). following phase i studies, the hpv-16 and hpv-18 components were combined into a multiv ...	2003	12669384
detection and sequences of human papillomavirus dna in nongenital seborrhoeic keratosis of immunopotent individuals.	the etiology of seborrhoeic keratosis (sk) is unknown. its clinical and histopathological similarities to verrucae vulgaris and condyloma acuminatum prompted us to examine whether human papillomavirus (hpv) is present in sk lesions. in the present study, hpvs were frequently detected from genital lesions or hair follicle in immunocompromised host.	2003	12670725
variants of human papillomavirus types 53, 58 and 66 identified in central brazil.	the present study on molecular characterization of human papillomaviruses occurring in central brazil, describes two variants each of hpv-53 and hpv-58 and one variant of hpv-66 detected in samples from smears of women showing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade ii (cin ii). samples were assayed by pcr using my09/ my11 consensus primers, followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism typing. the five isolates showed atypical restriction fragment length profile and my09/my11 l1 pcr pro ...	2003	12680696
human papillomavirus-negative ileostomal chronic papillomatous dermatitis.	papillomatous stoma-related skin lesions may result from irritant reactions or infection with epidermodysplasia verruciformis human papillomavirus (hpv) types.	2003	12680960
warty (condylomatous) carcinoma of the cervix. a review of 3 cases with emphasis on thin-layer cytology and molecular analysis for hpv.	to describe the thin-layer cytology (if available) and histologic findings of warty (condylomatous) carcinoma of the cervix, with molecular analysis for hpv screening.	2003	12685182
detection of hpv infection by analyzing the changes in structure of peripheral blood lymphocytes specifically induced by hpv e7 antigen.	detection of human papilloma virus (hpv) infection in clinical practice was examined based on the observation that peripheral blood lymphocytes exposed in vitro to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation change their intracellular structures as measured by polarization of fluorescent light emitted by labeled cells.	2003	12691313
association between human papillomavirus 16 e6 variants and human leukocyte antigen class i polymorphism in cervical cancer of swedish women.	persistent infection with human papillomavirus (hpv), particularly hpv16, represents the prime risk factor in cervical carcinogenesis. hpv variants (e.g., within the e6 gene) together with immunogenetic factors of the host may be responsible either for effective viral clearance, or alternatively, for viral persistence. peripheral blood from 27 hpv16 positive swedish women with cervical carcinoma, who had previously been tested for hpv16 e6 variants, was used for human leukocyte antigen (hla) cla ...	2003	12691704
histopathologic extent of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3 lesions in the atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion triage study: implications for subject safety and lead-time bias.	cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3 (cin3) is the precursor of mostsquamous carcinomas and serves as a surrogate end point. however, small cin3 lesions are rarely associated with concurrent invasion. we hypothesized that aggressive follow-up for cytology of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ascus) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (lsil) leads predominantly to detection of smaller cin3 lesions than those usually associated with cancer. we assessed this hypothesis ...	2003	12692113
activity of the human papillomavirus type 16 late negative regulatory element is partly due to four weak consensus 5' splice sites that bind a u1 snrnp-like complex.	the human papillomavirus (hpv) life cycle is tightly linked to differentiation of the squamous epithelia that it infects. capsid proteins, and hence mature virions, are produced in the outermost layer of differentiated cells. as late gene transcripts are produced in the lower layers, posttranscriptional mechanisms likely prevent capsid protein production in less differentiated cells. for hpv type 16 (hpv-16), a 79-nucleotide (nt) negative regulatory element (nre) inhibits gene expression in basa ...	2003	12692219
human papillomavirus type 16-specific t cell responses and their association with recurrence of cervical disease following treatment.	human papillomavirus type 16 (hpv-16) l1- and e7-specific t cell responses were measured in 58 women with abnormal cervical cytology in a prospective study. on recruitment, patients responded most frequently and with the highest numbers of responding cells to the l1 region aa 311-345 and this response was significantly associated with the presence of cervical disease (p=0.041). responses to the l1 peptide aa 281-295 were significantly higher in patients with cin iii than in those with hpv/cin i ...	2003	12692269
mutations in the chemokine receptor gene cxcr4 are associated with whim syndrome, a combined immunodeficiency disease.	whim syndrome is an immunodeficiency disease characterized by neutropenia, hypogammaglobulinemia and extensive human papillomavirus (hpv) infection. despite the peripheral neutropenia, bone marrow aspirates from affected individuals contain abundant mature myeloid cells, a condition termed myelokathexis. the susceptibility to hpv is disproportionate compared with other immunodeficiency conditions, suggesting that the product of the affected gene may be important in the natural control of this in ...	2003	12692554
population-based human papillomavirus prevalence in lampang and songkla, thailand.	to investigate the prevalence and determinants of human papillomavirus (hpv) infection, the primary cause of cervical cancer, we studied 1741 women >/=15 years of age from lampang and songkla, thailand. exfoliated cervical cells were collected for papanicolaou smear screening and dna detection of 36 different hpv types. serum immunoglobulin g antibodies against l1 virus-like particles (anti-vlps) of hpv-16, -18, -31, -33, and -58 were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. overall, 1 ...	2003	12696004
refined physical map of the human pax2/hox11/nfkb2 cancer gene region at 10q24 and relocalization of the hpv6ai1 viral integration site to 14q13.3-q21.1.	chromosome band 10q24 is a gene-rich domain and host to a number of cancer, developmental, and neurological genes. recurring translocations, deletions and mutations involving this chromosome band have been observed in different human cancers and other disease conditions, but the precise identification of breakpoint sites, and detailed characterization of the genetic basis and mechanisms which underlie many of these rearrangements has yet to be resolved. towards this end it is vital to establish ...	2003	12697057
a review of human papillomavirus vaccines: from basic science to clinical trials.	human papillomavirus (hpv) infection leads to a spectrum of disease from genital warts to precancerous lesions to cervical and anal cancer and is a worldwide public health problem of epidemic proportions. unique to hpv-related neoplasia, the presence of specific viral antigens such as the l1 capsid structural protein and the oncoproteins e6 and e7 provide opportunities for vaccine therapy. although difficult to precisely define, the natural immune response to hpv is vitally important and defects ...	2003	12700045
overexpression of skp2 in carcinoma of the cervix does not correlate inversely with p27 expression.	s-phase kinase associated protein 2 (skp2) is a member of the f-box family of substrate recognition subunits of scf-ubiquitin ligase complexes and controls progression from g(1)-s-phase by targeting cell cycle regulators such as p21 and p27. its locus is at 5p13, a region of frequent amplification in several cancers including carcinoma of the cervix (cacx). overexpression of skp2 has been observed in many cancers of an advanced stage. we examine the expression of skp2 in 42 invasive cacx and its ...	2003	12704665
stability of archived liquid-based cervical cytologic specimens.	exfoliated cervical cell specimens collected in preservcyt, a methanol-based medium used in thinprep liquid-based cytology, have been archived in epidemiologic studies. however, long-term dna stability and cytologic stability of these biospecimens have not been evaluated.	2003	12704688
determination of features indicating progression in atypical squamous cells with undetermined significance: human papillomavirus typing and dna ploidy analysis from liquid-based cytologic samples.	the bethesda system of cervical cytologic findings introduced the term ascus (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance) to cover the broad zone separating normal cytomorphology from definitive squamous intraepithelial lesions (sils). the management of patients with ascus is particularly problematic as approximately 10% of ascus patients develop sil and 1 per 1000 develop cervical carcinoma.	2003	12704691
dual role of tumor suppressor p53 in regulation of dna replication and oncogene e6-promoter activity of epidermodysplasia verruciformis-associated human papillomavirus type 8.	human papillomavirus 8 (hpv8) is a representative of epidermodysplasia verruciformis (ev)-associated viruses. transient assays in the human skin keratinocyte cell line rts3b have shown that its replication depends in trans on expression of the viral proteins e1 and e2, similarly to other hpvs. using deletion mutants and cloned subfragments of the noncoding region (ncr) of hpv8 we identified a 65-bp sequence in the 3' part of the ncr to be necessary and sufficient to support replication in cis. t ...	2003	12706078
mutant p53 can delay growth arrest and loss of cdk2 activity in senescing human fibroblasts without reducing p21(waf1) expression.	functional wild-type p53 is required for human diploid fibroblasts (hdf) to enter an irreversible growth arrest known as replicative senescence. experimentally, abrogation of p53 function by expression of human papillomavirus type 16 e6 or disruption of a key downstream effector p21 by homologous recombination both extended hdf life span. however, although sufficient to extend life span, p21 down-regulation is not necessary, because expression of a dominant-negative mutant p53 (143(ala)) extends ...	2003	12706118
human papillomavirus in virgins and behaviour at risk.	human papillomavirus (hpv) infection is one of the most common sexual transmitted diseases (stds). we compared two groups of virgins with genital hpv lesions to evaluate the behaviour at risk in the transmission of hpv infection. partners were also examined. hpv lesions were detected in 88 virgins, who have never had sexual intercourse. this can be due to vertical transmission, fomities and skin-to-skin contact. many other hypothesis can be proposed to explain hpv genital infection, however, fur ...	2003	12706855
[risk factors for cervico-uterine cancer associated to hpv: p53 codon 72 polymorphism in women attending hospital care].	in codon 72 of the p53 antioncogene there are two alleles, arginine and proline; the arg/arg genotype has recently been identified as a risk factor for developing of cervicouterine cancer (cuca) associated to human papillomavirus (hvp) infection. the aim of this work was to determine in a sample of women the frequency of proline-arginine alleles and genotypes of p53 codon 72. the study was conducted in a sample of inpatient women at the hospital. p53 codon 72 alleles were determined in genomic a ...	2003	12708345
hpv oligonucleotide microarray-based detection of hpv genotypes in cervical neoplastic lesions.	in this study we examined the use of a new-human papillomavirus (hpv) detection method, the hpv oligonucleotide microarray system (biomedlab co., korea), which we compared with the well-established hpv dna detection system (hybrid capture ii; hc-ii, digene co.). this new method prompted us to develop a new hpv genotyping technique, using the oligonucleotide microarray, to detect the generic and type-specific sequence of hpv types. in particular, we undertook the evaluation of the clinical effica ...	2003	12713982
induction of tumor-specific cytotoxicity in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes by hpv16 and hpv18 e7-pulsed autologous dendritic cells in patients with cancer of the uterine cervix.	to evaluate the potential of autologous dendritic cells (dc) pulsed with hpv16 and hpv18 e7 oncoprotein in restoring tumor-specific cytotoxicity in populations of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (til) for adoptive immunotherapy of cervical cancer patients.	2003	12713991
prevalence of and risk factors for viral infections among human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected and high-risk hiv-uninfected women.	viruses that can persist in the host are of special concern in immunocompromised populations. among 871 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected and 439 high-risk hiv-uninfected women, seroprevalences of cytomegalovirus, hepatitis b virus, hepatitis c virus, and herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 and prevalence of human papillomavirus dna in cervicovaginal lavage fluids were all >50% and were 2-30 times higher than prevalences in the general population. prevalences were highest among hiv-infe ...	2003	12717619
[diagnostic significance of human papillomavirus overestimated].	human papillomavirus (hpv) is a group of oncogenic viruses, of which some are known to cause cervical cancer in women. the causal relation between infection and cervical cancer is well established. there is however a discrepancy between the rate of infection and the incidence of (pre)neoplastic lesions of the cervix. cohort studies of the natural history of this virus show that many, if not most, young females become infected, but that the infection usually clears without any consequences. this ...	2003	12622003
long-term administration of intravaginal dehydroepiandrosterone on regression of low-grade cervical dysplasia--a pilot study.	although many dysplastic cervical lesions regress spontaneously, treatment is common due to concern for progression. lesions persist or progress in women whose immune systems are unable to clear infection by human papillomavirus (hpv). dehydroepiandrosterone (dhea) is an adrenal steroid that has both immune modulatory and tumor inhibitory activity. a pilot study was conducted to examine the feasibility, safety and potential efficacy of intravaginal dhea in women with low-grade cervical dysplasia ...	2003	12624548
computer-assisted analysis of p53 and pcna expression in oral lesions infected with human papillomavirus.	to carry out a retrospective study to determine whether human papillomavirus (hpv) infection and immunohistochemical expression of p53 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna) are related to the risk of oral cancer.	2003	12630078
low- and high-risk cin 1 and 2 lesions: prospective predictive value of grade, hpv, and ki-67 immuno-quantitative variables.	the aim of this study was to evaluate in small cervical biopsies (non-cone, non-large loop excision of the transformation zone, lletz) the prognostic value of both routinely assessed and reviewed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) grades 1 and 2, oncogenic human papillomavirus (onco-hpv) dna (hpv status) and ki-67 immuno-quantitative features for the prediction of progression. in biopsies from 44 cin patients (the learning set), subjective cin grade, onco-hpv by pcr, and ki-67 immuno-quant ...	2003	12635137
triage of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance with hybrid capture ii: colposcopy and histologic human papillomavirus correlation.	to estimate the effectiveness of hybrid capture ii to predict high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) from a cytological cervical sample. evidence of high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv) was also determined from biopsy samples using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for women referred with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ascus) papanicolaou smears.	2003	12636951
human papillomavirus-associated digital squamous cell carcinoma: literature review and report of 21 new cases.	our aim was to review the clinical behavior of human papillomavirus (hpv)-associated digital squamous cell carcinoma (scc). specifically, we examined evidence for the tumor's (1) infectious origin and spread, (2) response to therapy, and (3) prognosis and metastatic risk.	2003	12637918
evidence for the presence of neutralizing antibodies against human papillomavirus type 6 in infants born to mothers with condyloma acuminata.	despite human papillomavirus type 6 or 11 (hpv6/11) being often vertically transmitted from mothers with condyloma acuminata (ca) to their infants, hpv-related neonatal mucosal diseases are rare. the role of maternal anti-hpv6/11 neutralizing antibodies in preventing the vertical transmission remains to be unknown because of lack of the neutralization assay system of hpv infection. we experienced two cases of hpv6-positive ca during pregnancy. neutralizing antibodies against hpv6 in maternal, um ...	2003	12638076
comparison of the basal and glucocorticoid-inducible activities of the upstream regulatory regions of hpv18 and hpv31 in multiple epithelial cell lines.	steroid hormone receptors have been shown to bind to response elements in the upstream regulatory region (urr) of human papillomavirus (hpv) in a ligand-dependent manner to affect viral promoter activity. to better understand how the enhancer activity of the urr differs between high risk hpv types, we chose to compare the basal and glucocorticoid-dependent activities of the urrs of hpv18 and hpv31. we found that the urr of hpv18 is a stronger enhancer than the urr of hpv31 in six different cell ...	2003	12642092
a phase ii study of 13-cis retinoic acid plus interferon alpha-2a in advanced stage penile carcinoma: an eastern cooperative oncology group study (e3893).	combined biological therapy with 13-cis-retinoic acid (13-cra) and interferon alpha-2a (ifn alpha-2a) was reported to be highly effective in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix and skin. squamous cell carcinoma of the penis is rare in the united states, accounting for less than 1/2% of all male malignancies. because of the association of infection with human papillomavirus with both carcinomas of the cervix and penis and their shared squamous cell histology, we carried out a phase ii study of ...	2003	12643008
epidemiologic studies of a necessary causal risk factor: human papillomavirus infection and cervical neoplasia.		2003	12644550
inhibition of human papillomavirus dna replication by small molecule antagonists of the e1-e2 protein interaction.	human papillomavirus (hpv) dna replication is initiated by recruitment of the e1 helicase by the e2 protein to the viral origin. screening of our corporate compound collection with an assay measuring the cooperative binding of e1 and e2 to the origin identified a class of small molecule inhibitors of the protein interaction between e1 and e2. isothermal titration calorimetry and changes in protein fluorescence showed that the inhibitors bind to the transactivation domain of e2, the region that i ...	2003	12730224