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prevalence and characterization of foodborne pathogens in dairy cattle in the eastern part of japan.to investigate the prevalence and characterization of foodborne pathogens [campylobacter spp., shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec), listeria monocytogenes and salmonella spp.] in dairy cows, rectal content grab samples were collected from 250 dairy cows reared on 25 dairy farms in eastern japan from december 2010 through february 2011. campylobacter jejuni was isolated from 106 (42%) cows on 23 (92%) farms, stec o157 from three cows on one farm, l. monocytogenes from three cows on anot ...201323208291
gangliosides and sialic acid effects upon newborn pathogenic bacteria adhesion: an in vitro study.the effect of the main gangliosides (gm(1), gm(3), gd(3)) and free sialic acid (neu5ac) upon the adhesion of pathogenic bacteria implicated in infant diarrhoea is assessed in vitro using the caco-2 cell line. concentrations of the bioactive compounds found in the bioaccessible (soluble) fraction of infant formula and human milk are employed. bacterial adhesion behaviour included enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), enteropathogenic e.coli (epec), listeria monocytogenes, salmonella entericase ...201323122120
pathogenic microbiological baseline survey of pork carcasses in taiwan.from 2004 to 2010, pork carcass swabs from state-inspected slaughter plants in taiwan were intermittently analyzed to determine the prevalence of selected pathogenic microorganisms associated with foodborne illness. the prevalences of staphylococcus aureus each year from 2006 to 2010 were 6.6, 10.8, 5.1, 6.4, and 7.4%, respectively, while those of listeria monocytogenes were 1.2% in 2004, 1.3% in 2005, and 3.5% in 2008. the prevalences of clostridium perfringens were 0.9% in 2004, 3.2% in 2005, ...201323726203
photocycle of the lov-stas protein from the pathogen listeria monocytogenes.listeria monocytogenes, a food-borne bacterial pathogen causing significant human mortality, propagates by expressing genes in response to environmental signals, such as temperature and ph. listeria gene (lmo0799) encodes a protein homologous to the bacillus subtilis ytva, which has a flavin-light, oxygen or voltage (lov) domain and a sulfate transporters anti-sigma factor antagonist (stas) output domain that regulates transcription-initiation factor sigma b in the bacterial stress response upon ...201323025752
biological characteristics and probiotic effect of leuconostoc lactis strain isolated from the intestine of black porgy fish.a strain of lactic acid bacteria, leuconostoc lactis, was isolated from the intestinal tract of black porgy, sparus macrocephalus, and identified by conventional biochemical characteristics and 16s rdna gene sequence analysis. the isolated strain had the ability of bile tolerance and resistance to low ph, and survived well in the trypsinase and pepsin solution. but the highly concentrated dose of trypsinase and pepsin affect the viability of the isolated strain. the isolate was resistant to seve ...201324516418
a new pentacyclic triterpene with potent antibacterial activity from limnophila indica linn. (druce).a new pentacyclic triterpenoid constituent, characterized as 3-oxo-olean-12(13),18(19)-dien-29α-carboxylic acid (1) on the basis of detailed spectral studies, was isolated from the aerial parts and roots of limnophila indica (scrophulariaceae). compound 1 exhibited considerable antibacterial activity against three gram-positive bacteria viz. bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus and listeria monocytogenes (mics within a range of 25-30 μg/ml) and moderate activity against four gram-negative ba ...201323876368
fluoro-phenyl-styrene-sulfonamide, a novel inhibitor of σb activity, prevents the activation of σb by environmental and energy stresses in bacillus subtilis.sigma b (σ(b)) is an alternative sigma factor that regulates the general stress response in bacillus subtilis and in many other gram-positive organisms. σ(b) activity in b. subtilis is tightly regulated via at least three distinct pathways within a complex signal transduction cascade in response to a variety of stresses, including environmental stress, energy stress, and growth at high or low temperatures. we probed the ability of fluoro-phenyl-styrene-sulfonamide (fpss), a small-molecule inhibi ...201323524614
rsbv of listeria monocytogenes contributes to regulation of environmental stress and virulence.sigmab factor is an important regulatory factor for stress response in gram-positive bacteria such as listeria monocytogenes (l. monocytogenes), staphylococcus aureus and bacillus subtilis. however, the activity of sigmab factor is regulated by rsbv factor. currently, the functional studies of rsbv factor are mostly focused on non-pathogenic b. subtilis, but the roles of rsbv factor in pathogenic l. monocytogenes during the regulation of environmental stress and virulence are still unclear. in t ...201323192174
mega-nano detection of foodborne pathogens and transgenes using molecular beacon and semiconductor quantum dot technologies.signature molecules derived from listeria monocytogenes, bacillus thuringiensis, and salmonella typhimurium were detected directly on food substrates (mega) by coupling molecular beacon technology utilizing fluorescent resonance energy transfer (fret), luminescent nanoscale semiconductor quantum dots, and nanoscale quenchers. we designed target dna sequences for detecting hlya, bt cry1ac, and inva genes from l. monocytogenes, b. thuringiensis and salmonella typhimurium, respectively, and prepare ...201323722479
isolation, identification and characterisation of three novel probiotic strains (lactobacillus paracasei cncm i-4034, bifidobacterium breve cncm i-4035 and lactobacillus rhamnosus cncm i-4036) from the faeces of exclusively breast-fed infants.the aim of the present study was to isolate, identify and characterise novel strains of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria with probiotic properties from the faeces of exclusively breast-fed infants. of the 4680 isolated colonies, 758 exhibited resistance to low ph and tolerance to high concentrations of bile salts; of these, only forty-two exhibited a strong ability to adhere to enterocytes in vitro. the identities of the isolates were confirmed by 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) sequencing, whic ...201323360881
application of protective cultures against listeria monocytogenes and campylobacter jejuni in chicken products packaged under modified atmosphere.to control the growth, or reduce the numbers, of food pathogens such as listeria monocytogenes and campylobacter jejuni in chicken products packaged under modified atmosphere (map), the effectiveness of protective cultures was evaluated in this study. leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides pck18 reduced the counts of l. monocytogenes by 1.22 log cfu/g in chicken burgers under map after 24 d. furthermore, a reduction of 1.16 log cfu/g in c. jejuni together with a delay in the growth of lactic acid bacte ...201323472035
antibacterial and antifungal activity of photoactivated zno nanoparticles in suspension.antibacterial activity of photoactivated zinc oxide nanoparticles (zno nps) against human pathogens escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes atcl3c 7644 and plant pathogen botrytis cinerea was investigated. data indicate that photoactivated (λ = 400 nm) zno nps at concentration 1 × 10(-3)m and incubation time 60 min reduced population of both bacteria by 7 log (cfu/ml). clear dependence of antimicrobial properties of zno nps on used concentration and incubation time was found. scanning e ...201324035847
histophilus somni-induced infections in cattle from southern brazil.the sudden death of three calves, one diarrheic calf, and one aborted fetus from four farms in southern brazil was investigated. two histophilus somni-associated syndromes were identified: systemic histophilosis (n = 4) and abortion (n = 1). the principal pathological findings included vasculitis, meningoencephalitis with thrombosis, necrotizing myocarditis, renal infarctions, hepatic abscesses, and bronchopneumonia. pcr assays were used to amplify specific amplicons of the ovine herpesvirus 2, ...201323526124
atypical cerebral listeriosis associated with listeria innocua in a beef bull.natural infections of cattle associated with listeria innocua have not been reported. this report describes the first case of cerebral listeriosis in a bull due to listeria innocua. the animal presented neurological signs characterized by weakness, incoordination and recumbency. histopathologic evaluation of brain tissue revealed multifocal microabscesses, perivascular lymphocytic cuffing, vasculitis, oedema and haemorrhages. all lesions extended from the medulla oblongata to the basal nuclei/pa ...201322898534
characterization of carnobacterium maltaromaticum lma 28 for its positive technological role in soft cheese making.carnobacterium maltaromaticum is a lactic acid bacterium isolated from soft cheese. the objective of this work was to study its potential positive impact when used in cheese technology. phenotypic and genotypic characterization of six strains of c. maltaromaticum showed that they belong to different phylogenetic groups. although these strains lacked the ability to coagulate milk quickly, they were acidotolerant. they did not affect the coagulation capacity of starter lactic acid bacteria, lactoc ...201324010601
cell-free supernatants obtained from fermentation of cheese whey hydrolyzates and phenylpyruvic acid by lactobacillus plantarum as a source of antimicrobial compounds, bacteriocins, and natural aromas.cheese whey hydrolyzates supplemented with phenylpyruvic acid (ppa) and commercial nutrients can be efficiently metabolized by lactobacillus plantarum cect-221 to biosynthesize some compounds with attractive applications in the food market. the main metabolites of cell-free extracts were antimicrobial compounds such as phenyllactic acid (pla) and lactic acid (la). the production of pla by l. plantarum cect-221 was evaluated in the man-rogosa-sharpe broth supplemented with two biosynthetic precur ...201323934083
microbiological quality of ready-to-eat salads: an underestimated vehicle of bacteria and clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes.the increase demand for fresh vegetables is causing an expansion of the market for minimally processed vegetables along with new recognized food safety problems. to gain further insight on this topic we analyzed the microbiological quality of portuguese ready-to-eat salads (rts) and their role in the spread of bacteria carrying acquired antibiotic resistance genes, food products scarcely considered in surveillance studies. a total of 50 rts (7 brands; split or mixed leaves, carrot, corn) were co ...201324036261
the antimicrobial effects of wood-associated polyphenols on food pathogens and spoilage organisms.the antimicrobial effects of the wood-associated polyphenolic compounds pinosylvin, pinosylvin monomethyl ether, astringin, piceatannol, isorhapontin, isorhapontigenin, cycloxme, dhimp, arx, and arxoh were assessed against both gram-negative (salmonella) and gram-positive bacteria (listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus aureus) and yeasts (candida tropicalis, saccharomyces cerevisiae). particularly the stilbenes pinosylvin, its monomethyl ether and piceatannol demonst ...201323624538
effects of microgravity on the virulence of listeria monocytogenes, enterococcus faecalis, candida albicans, and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus.to evaluate effects of microgravity on virulence, we studied the ability of four common clinical pathogens--listeria monocytogenes, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), enterococcus faecalis, and candida albicans--to kill wild type caenorhabditis elegans (c. elegans) nematodes at the larval and adult stages. simultaneous studies were performed utilizing spaceflight, clinorotation in a 2-d clinorotation device, and static ground controls. the feeding rate of worms for killed e. col ...201324283929
the performance of 4 different supplements and 5 blood culture bottles types in detection of bacteria and candida spp. in simulated sterile body fluid cultures.the purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the performance of 4 supplements: horse blood, fastidious organisms supplement (fos), haemin isovitalex albumine (hia), and brain heart infusion-haemin isovitalex albumine (bhi-hia) and 5 blood culture bottles: bactec mycosis ic/f, plus aerobic/f, peds plus/f from the bactec 9240 system, and bact/alert fa and bact/alert pf from the bact/alert 3d system, in detection of bacteria and candida spp. in simulated sterile body fluids other than blood mo ...201323867327
impaired neutrophil function in 24p3 null mice contributes to enhanced susceptibility to bacterial infections.lipocalin 24p3 (24p3) is a neutrophil secondary granule protein. 24p3 is also a siderocalin, which binds several bacterial siderophores. it was therefore proposed that synthesis and secretion of 24p3 by stimulated macrophages or release of 24p3 upon neutrophil degranulation sequesters iron-laden siderophores to attenuate bacterial growth. accordingly, 24p3-deficient mice are susceptible to bacterial pathogens for which siderophores would normally be chelated by 24p3. specific granule deficiency ...201323543755
reduced growth of listeria monocytogenes in two model cheese microcosms is not associated with individual microbial strains.two model antilisterial microbial communities consisting of two yeasts, two gram positive and two gram negative bacteria, and originating from livarot cheese smear were previously designed. they were used in the present study to analyse the impact of microbial population dynamics on growth of listeria monocytogenes in cheese microcosm. specific culture media and pcr primers were developed for simultaneous culture-dependent and real-time pcr quantification of strains belonging to marinomonas sp., ...201323122498
identification and partial characterization of antilisterial compounds produced by dairy yeasts.food-grade yeasts make significant contributions to flavor development in fermented foods. some yeast species also inhibit undesirable bacteria, yeasts and molds, apparently by producing antimicrobial compounds called mycocins. the aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of wild yeasts, isolated from raw milk and cheese in the quebec province area, to produce antilisterial compounds. based on an agar-membrane screening test, 22 of 95 isolates, namely one candida catenulata, one candida par ...201326782600
bio-preservation of ground beef meat by enterococcus faecalis cect7121.meat and particularly ground beef is frequently associated with food poisoning episodes and breeches in food safety. the main goal of this research was to evaluate the bactericide effect of the probiotic enterococcus faecalis cect7121, against different pathogens as: escherichia coli o157:h7, staphylococcus aureus, clostridium perfringens and listeria monocytogenes, inoculated in ground beef meat. three studies were performed to evaluate the inhibition of e. faecalis cect7121 on ground beef meat ...201324159282
bacteriocin activity against various pathogens produced by pediococcus pentosaceus vj13 isolated from idly batter.bacteriocins, an antimicrobial peptide, is known to have wide spectrum antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. because they are easily digested in the intestine, they are considered as safe and are widely used as food preservatives. hence their purification and characterization have attracted considerable attraction, especially for those having activity against human pathogens. in this study, the bacteriocin produced by pediococcus pentosaceus vj13 was precipitated with cold acetone an ...201323754544
puerperal sepsis in a rural hospital in sudan.increasingly, women in rural areas in sudan reported to hospital with puerperal infections.201323678336
targeting agr- and agr-like quorum sensing systems for development of common therapeutics to treat multiple gram-positive bacterial infections.invasive infection by the gram-positive pathogen staphylococcus aureus is controlled by a four gene operon, agr that encodes a quorum sensing system for the regulation of virulence. while agr has been well studied in s. aureus, the contribution of agr homologues and analogues in other gram-positive pathogens is just beginning to be understood. intriguingly, other significant human pathogens, including clostridium perfringens, listeria monocytogenes, and enterococcus faecalis contain agr or analo ...201323598501
bacteriocin production by bifidobacterium spp. a review.bacteriocins are ribosomally-synthesized antibacterial peptides. these compounds are produced by a broad variety of different bacteria belonging mainly to the genus bifidobacterium, to which health promoting properties have frequently been attributed. however, despite the fact that the identification of bifidobacterium-associated bacteriocins was first reported in 1980 and that they exhibit antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microorganisms such as listeria monocytogenes, clostridium perfr ...201323384878
nonclinical development of bcg replacement vaccine candidates.the failure of current mycobacterium bovis bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) vaccines, given to neonates to protect against adult tuberculosis and the risk of using these live vaccines in hiv-infected infants, has emphasized the need for generating new, more efficacious and safer replacement vaccines. with the availability of genetic techniques for constructing recombinant bcg (rbcg) strains containing well-defined gene deletions or insertions, new vaccine candidates are under evaluation at both the ...201326343962
immunohistochemical search for viral and bacterial antigens in crohn's disease.recent studies show that diseased intestinal tissues of patients with crohn's disease (cd) contain obstructed lymphatics, granulomas, and tertiary lymphoid organs, representing responses to persistent antigen.201322537638
structure-activity relationship of synthetic variants of the milk-derived antimicrobial peptide αs2-casein f(183-207).template-based studies on antimicrobial peptide (amp) derivatives obtained through manipulation of the amino acid sequence are helpful to identify properties or residues that are important for biological activity. the present study sheds light on the importance of specific amino acids of the milk-derived αs2-casein f(183-207) peptide to its antibacterial activity against the food-borne pathogens listeria monocytogenes and cronobacter sakazakii. trimming of the peptide revealed that residues at t ...201323793637
the pathogen-annotated tracking resource network (patrn) system: a web-based resource to aid food safety, regulatory science, and investigations of foodborne pathogens and disease.investigation of foodborne diseases requires the capture and analysis of time-sensitive information on microbial pathogens that is derived from multiple analytical methods and sources. the web-based pathogen-annotated tracking resource network (patrn) system (www.patrn.net) was developed to address the data aggregation, analysis, and communication needs important to the global food safety community for the investigation of foodborne disease. patrn incorporates a standard vocabulary for describin ...201323541197
safety assessment and probiotic evaluation of enterococcus faecium yf5 isolated from sourdough.enterococcus faecium yf5, a strain previously isolated from sourdough, was assessed for safety and probiotic potential. its virulence and antibiotic resistant phenotypes (cytolysin and gelatinase production, antibiotic susceptibility) and genes (cyla, gele, ace, agg, esp, and vana) were surveyed. results indicated that the tested virulence determinants were nontoxic. in addition, e. faecium yf5 was sensitive to 3 antibiotics such as amoxicillin, vancomycin, and chloramphenicol. furthermore, resu ...201323488799
a multi-target real-time pcr assay for rapid identification of meningitis-associated microorganisms.a central nervous system (cns) infection, such as meningitis, is a serious and life-threatening condition. bacterial meningitis can be severe and may result in brain damage, disability or even death. rapid diagnosis of cns infections and identification of the pathogenic microorganisms are needed to improve the patient outcome. bacterial culture of a patient's cerebrospinal fluid (csf) is currently considered the "gold standard" for diagnosing bacterial meningitis. from the csf cultures researche ...201322450734
enhanced bactericidal effect of enterocin a in combination with thyme essential oils against l. monocytogenes and e. coli o157:h7.the combined effects of enterocin a with thymus vulgaris essential oils (eos) against listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli o157:h7 were investigated in vitro by enumeration of surviving populations of testing pathogens and minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) determination. enterocin a was purified to homogeneity by rp-hplc from the culture fluid of enterococcus strain and thyme eos were extracted from local thymus vulgaris plants. the major constituent of thyme eos oils determined by g ...201325829595
bactofencin a, a new type of cationic bacteriocin with unusual immunity.bacteriocin production is an important probiotic trait of intestinal bacteria. in this study, we identify a new type of bacteriocin, bactofencin a, produced by a porcine intestinal isolate lactobacillus salivarius dpc6502, and assess its potency against pathogenic species including staphylococcus aureus and listeria monocytogenes. genome sequencing of the bacteriocin producer revealed bfna, which encodes the mature and highly basic (pi 10.59), 22-amino-acid defensin-like peptide. matrix-assisted ...201324169573
critical role of a ferritin-like protein in the control of listeria monocytogenes cell envelope structure and stability under β-lactam pressure.the human pathogen listeria monocytogenes is susceptible to the β-lactam antibiotics penicillin g and ampicillin, and these are the drugs of choice for the treatment of listerial infections. however, these antibiotics exert only a bacteriostatic effect on this bacterium and consequently, l. monocytogenes is regarded as β-lactam tolerant. it is widely accepted that the phenomenon of bacterial tolerance to β-lactams is due to the lack of adequate autolysin activity, but the mechanisms of l. monocy ...201324204978
purification and characterization of bacteriocin produced by lactobacillus brevis un isolated from dhulliachar: a traditional food product of north east india.a bacteriocin producing strain lactobacillus brevis un isolated from dulliachar-a salted pickle and identified by biochemical and molecular methods. l. brevis un was found to produce bacteriocin with broad spectrum activity against spoilage causing/food borne pathogens viz. l. monocytogenes, c. perfringens, s. aureus, l. mesenteroides, l. plantarum and b. cereus. bacteriocin production was optimized through classical one variable at a time method. the isolate showed maximum bacteriocin productio ...201325320420
phage display-derived binders able to distinguish listeria monocytogenes from other listeria species.the objective of this study was to produce phage display-derived binders with the ability to distinguish listeria monocytogenes from other listeria spp., which may have potential utility to enhance detection of listeria monocytogenes. to obtain binders with the desired binding specificity a series of surface and solution phage-display biopannings were performed. initially, three rounds of surface biopanning against gamma-irradiated l. monocytogenes serovar 4b cells were performed followed by an ...201324040227
antibody to a conserved antigenic target is protective against diverse prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogens.microbial capsular antigens are effective vaccines but are chemically and immunologically diverse, resulting in a major barrier to their use against multiple pathogens. a β-(1→6)-linked poly-n-acetyl-d-glucosamine (pnag) surface capsule is synthesized by four proteins encoded in genetic loci designated intercellular adhesion in staphylococcus aureus or polyglucosamine in selected gram-negative bacterial pathogens. we report that many microbial pathogens lacking an identifiable intercellular adhe ...201323716675
acta promotes listeria monocytogenes aggregation, intestinal colonization and carriage.listeria monocytogenes (lm) is a ubiquitous bacterium able to survive and thrive within the environment and readily colonizes a wide range of substrates, often as a biofilm. it is also a facultative intracellular pathogen, which actively invades diverse hosts and induces listeriosis. so far, these two complementary facets of lm biology have been studied independently. here we demonstrate that the major lm virulence determinant acta, a prfa-regulated gene product enabling actin polymerization and ...201323382675
inflammasome-mediated inhibition of listeria monocytogenes-stimulated immunity is independent of myelomonocytic function.activation of the nlrc4 inflammasome results in the secretion of il-1β and il-18 through caspase-1 and induction of pyroptosis. l. monocytogenes engineered to activate nlrc4 by expression of legionella pneumophilia flagellin (l. monocytogenes l.p.flaa) are less immunogenic for cd8(+) t cell responses than wt l. monocytogenes. it is also known that il-1β orchestrates recruitment of myelomonocytic cells (mmc), which have been shown to interfere with t cell-dendritic cells (dc) interactions in sple ...201324349458
the transcription factor irf3 triggers "defensive suicide" necrosis in response to viral and bacterial pathogens.although molecular components that execute noninflammatory apoptotic cell death are well defined, molecular pathways that trigger necrotic cell death remain poorly characterized. here, we show that in response to infection with adenovirus or listeria monocytogenes, macrophages in vivo undergo rapid proinflammatory necrotic death that is controlled by interferon-regulatory factor 3 (irf3). the transcriptional activity of irf3 is, surprisingly, not required for the induction of necrosis, and it pr ...201323770239
acanthamoeba castellanii of the t4 genotype is a potential environmental host for enterobacter aerogenes and aeromonas hydrophila.acanthamoeba can interact with a wide range of microorganisms such as viruses, algae, yeasts, protists and bacteria including legionella pneumophila, pseudomonas aeruginosa, vibrio cholerae, helicobacter pylori, listeria monocytogenes, mycobacterium spp., and escherichia coli. in this capacity, acanthamoeba has been suggested as a vector in the transmission of bacterial pathogens to the susceptible hosts.201323742105
cyclic di-amp is critical for listeria monocytogenes growth, cell wall homeostasis, and establishment of infection.listeria monocytogenes infection leads to robust induction of an innate immune signaling pathway referred to as the cytosolic surveillance pathway (csp), characterized by expression of beta interferon (ifn-β) and coregulated genes. we previously identified the ifn-β stimulatory ligand as secreted cyclic di-amp. synthesis of c-di-amp in l. monocytogenes is catalyzed by the diadenylate cyclase daca, and multidrug resistance transporters are necessary for secretion. to identify additional bacterial ...201323716572
rig-i detects triphosphorylated rna of listeria monocytogenes during infection in non-immune cells.the innate immune system senses pathogens by pattern recognition receptors in different cell compartments. in the endosome, bacteria are generally recognized by tlrs; facultative intracellular bacteria such as listeria, however, can escape the endosome. once in the cytosol, they become accessible to cytosolic pattern recognition receptors, which recognize components of the bacterial cell wall, metabolites or bacterial nucleic acids and initiate an immune response in the host cell. current knowle ...201323653683
the listeria monocytogenes chia chitinase enhances virulence through suppression of host innate immunity.environmental pathogens survive and replicate within the outside environment while maintaining the capacity to infect mammalian hosts. for some microorganisms, mammalian infection may be a relatively rare event. understanding how environmental pathogens retain their ability to cause disease may provide insight into environmental reservoirs of disease and emerging infections. listeria monocytogenes survives as a saprophyte in soil but is capable of causing serious invasive disease in susceptible ...201323512964
display of multimeric antimicrobial peptides on the escherichia coli cell surface and its application as whole-cell antibiotics.concerns over the increasing emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic microorganisms due to the overuse of antibiotics and the lack of effective antibiotics for livestock have prompted efforts to develop alternatives to conventional antibiotics. antimicrobial peptides (amps) with a broad-spectrum activity and rapid killing, along with little opportunity for the development of resistance, represent one of the promising novel alternatives. their high production cost and cytotoxicity, however, ...201323516591
co-culture with listeria monocytogenes within a dual-species biofilm community strongly increases resistance of pseudomonas putida to benzalkonium chloride.biofilm formation is a phenomenon occurring almost wherever microorganisms and surfaces exist in close proximity. this study aimed to evaluate the possible influence of bacterial interactions on the ability of listeria monocytogenes and pseudomonas putida to develop a dual-species biofilm community on stainless steel (ss), as well as on the subsequent resistance of their sessile cells to benzalkonium chloride (bc) used in inadequate (sub-lethal) concentration (50 ppm). the possible progressive a ...201324130873
dual role of ccpc protein in regulation of aconitase gene expression in listeria monocytogenes and bacillus subtilis.the role of the ccpc regulatory protein as a repressor of the genes encoding the tricarboxylic acid branch enzymes of the krebs cycle (citrate synthase, citz; aconitase, citb; and isocitrate dehydrogenase, citc) has been established for both bacillus subtilis and listeria monocytogenes. in addition, hyperexpression of citb-lacz reporter constructs in an aconitase null mutant strain has been reported for b. subtilis. we show here that such hyperexpression of citb occurs in l. monocytogenes as wel ...201323139400
membrane chaperone secdf plays a role in the secretion of listeria monocytogenes major virulence factors.listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive human intracellular pathogen that infects diverse mammalian cells. upon invasion, l. monocytogenes secretes multiple virulence factors that target host cellular processes and promote infection. it has been presumed, but was not empirically established, that the sec translocation system is the primary mediator of this secretion. here, we validate an important role for secdf, a component of the sec system, in the secretion of several critical l. monocytoge ...201324056100
characterisation of the transcriptomes of genetically diverse listeria monocytogenes exposed to hyperosmotic and low temperature conditions reveal global stress-adaptation mechanisms.the ability of listeria monocytogenes to adapt to various food and food- processing environments has been attributed to its robustness, persistence and prevalence in the food supply chain. to improve the present understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in hyperosmotic and low-temperature stress adaptation of l. monocytogenes, we undertook transcriptomics analysis on three strains adapted to sub-lethal levels of these stress stimuli and assessed functional gene response. adaptation to hyper ...201324023890
diversity and antimicrobial properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from rhizosphere of olive trees and desert truffles of tunisia.a total of 119 lactic acid bacteria (lab) were isolated, by culture-dependant method, from rhizosphere samples of olive trees and desert truffles and evaluated for different biotechnological properties. using the variability of the intergenic spacer 16s-23s and 16s rrna gene sequences, the isolates were identified as the genera lactococcus, pediococcus, lactobacillus, weissella, and enterococcus. all the strains showed proteolytic activity with variable rates 42% were eps producers, while only 1 ...201324151598
cycles of light and dark co-ordinate reversible colony differentiation in listeria monocytogenes.recently, several light receptors have been identified in non-phototrophic bacteria, but their physiological roles still remain rather elusive. here we show that colonies of the saprophytic bacterium listeria monocytogenes undergo synchronized multicellular behaviour on agar plates, in response to oscillating light/dark conditions, giving rise to alternating ring formation (opaque and translucent rings). on agar plates, bacteria from opaque rings survive increased levels of reactive oxygen speci ...201323331346
listeria monocytogenes meningitis in adults: the czech republic experience.listeria monocytogenes (lm) is currently the third most frequent pathogen of bacterial meningitis in adults.201324106719
reassessment of the listeria monocytogenes pan-genome reveals dynamic integration hotspots and mobile genetic elements as major components of the accessory genome.listeria monocytogenes is an important food-borne pathogen and model organism for host-pathogen interaction, thus representing an invaluable target considering research on the forces governing the evolution of such microbes. the diversity of this species has not been exhaustively explored yet, as previous efforts have focused on analyses of serotypes primarily implicated in human listeriosis. we conducted complete genome sequencing of 11 strains employing 454 gs flx technology, thereby achieving ...201323339658
the intestinal microbiota interferes with the microrna response upon oral listeria infection.the intestinal tract is the largest reservoir of microbes in the human body. the intestinal microbiota is thought to be able to modulate alterations of the gut induced by enteropathogens, thereby maintaining homeostasis. listeria monocytogenes is the agent of listeriosis, an infection transmitted to humans upon ingestion of contaminated food. crossing of the intestinal barrier is a critical step of the infection before dissemination into deeper organs. here, we investigated the role of the intes ...201324327339
mycobacterium tuberculosis and the host cell inflammasome: a complex relationship.the production of il-1β during the infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is important for successful host immune defense. in macrophages and dendritic cells the host cell inflammasome is crucial for generation of secreted il-1β in response to mtb infections. in these cell types mtb infection only activates the nlrp3-inflammasome. new reports demonstrate that nitric oxide has an important function in the negative regulation of the nlrp3-inflammasome to reduce tissue damage during mtb in ...201324130966
nsd1 mitigates caspase-1 activation by listeriolysin o in macrophages.mammals and plants share pathogen-sensing systems named nod-like receptors (nlrs). some nlrs form the inflammasome, a protein scaffold that regulates the secretion of interleukin (il)-1β and il-18 by cleaving catalytically inactive substrates into mature cytokines. here, we show an immune conservation between plant and mammalian nlrs and demonstrate that the murine nuclear receptor binding set domain protein 1 (nsd1), a protein that bears similarity to the nlr regulator enhanced downy mildew 2 ( ...201324058709
a mariner transposon-based signature-tagged mutagenesis system for the analysis of oral infection by listeria monocytogenes.listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive foodborne pathogen and the causative agent of listerosis a disease that manifests predominately as meningitis in the non-pregnant individual or infection of the fetus and spontaneous abortion in pregnant women. common-source outbreaks of foodborne listeriosis are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. however, relatively little is known concerning the mechanisms that govern infection via the oral route. in order to aid functional genetic an ...201324069416
a heterologous prime-boost vaccination strategy comprising the francisella tularensis live vaccine strain capb mutant and recombinant attenuated listeria monocytogenes expressing f. tularensis iglc induces potent protective immunity in mice against virulent f. tularensis aerosol challenge.francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is a category a bioterrorism agent. a vaccine that is safer and more effective than the currently available unlicensed f. tularensis live vaccine strain (lvs) is needed to protect against intentional release of aerosolized f. tularensis, the most dangerous type of exposure. in this study, we employed a heterologous prime-boost vaccination strategy comprising intradermally administered lvs δcapb (highly attenuated capb-deficient lvs mutant ...201323439306
bilateral optic perineuritis as the presenting feature of giant cell arteritis.optic perineuritis (opn) is an uncommon inflammatory disorder of the optic nerve sheath. most cases are idiopathic, though opn can rarely occur as a manifestation of vasculitic diseases. we describe the case of a 74-year-old caucasian man presenting with diplopia and bilateral visual loss. a brain mri showed bilateral opn without involvement of other structures. all the tests performed to investigate opn's aetiology showed negative results. considering clinical presentation and neuroimaging find ...201323365154
enterocin t, a novel class iia bacteriocin produced by enterococcus sp. 812.enterococcus sp. 812, isolated from fresh broccoli, was previously found to produce a bacteriocin active against a number of gram-positive bacteria, including listeria monocytogenes. bacteriocin activity decreased slightly after autoclaving (121 °c for 15 min), but was inactivated by protease k. mass spectrometry analysis revealed the bacteriocin mass to be approximately 4,521.34 da. n-terminal amino acid sequencing yielded a partial sequence, nh2-atyygngvyxdkkkxwvewgqa, by edman degradation, wh ...201323912616
confounding roles for type i interferons during bacterial and viral pathogenesis.although type i interferons (ifn-i) were initially defined as potent antiviral agents, they can also cause decreased host resistance to some bacterial and viral infections. the many antiviral functions of the ifn-i include direct suppression of viral replication and activation of the immune response against viruses. in addition to their antiviral effects, ifn-i are also protective against several extracellular bacterial infections, in part, by promoting the induction of tnf-α and nitric oxide. i ...201324158954
sting/mpys mediates host defense against listeria monocytogenes infection by regulating ly6c(hi) monocyte migration.mpys (also known as sting, mita, and tmem173) is a type i ifn stimulator that is essential for host defense against dna virus infection and appears important in defense against certain bacteria. the in vivo significance and mechanisms by which mpys mediates host defense against nonviral pathogens are unknown. using an mpys-deficient mouse (tmem173(<tm1camb>)), we determined that, distinct from the ifnar(-/-) mice, mpys deficiency leads to increased bacterial burden in the liver upon listeria mon ...201323378430
ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm infected with listeria monocytogenes: a case report and a review of literature.a 75-year-old male with a history of alcoholic liver cirrhosis, sigmoid colon cancer, and metastatic liver cancer was admitted to our institution with a complaint of a prickly feeling in his chest. on admission, a chest radiograph revealed a normal cardio-thoracic ratio of 47%. echocardiography revealed pericardial effusion and blood chemical analyses revealed elevated c-reactive protein levels (14.7 mg/dl). on day 3, chest radiography revealed cardiomegaly with a cardio-thoracic ratio of 58% an ...201325512697
changes in microbial contamination levels and prevalence of foodborne pathogens in alfalfa (medicago sativa) and rapeseed (brassica napus) during sprout production in manufacturing plants.samples were taken from three sprout processing plants at five different stages of production (a total of 20 investigations). quantitative analyses comprised aerobic plate counts (apcs) and the measurement of coliforms and bacillus cereus levels, whereas qualitative analyses involved assessing the levels of escherichia coli and major foodborne pathogens (e. coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella spp., and staphylococcus aureus). the apc for alfalfa seeds (3·71-4·61 log cfu g(-1)) and r ...201323051104
technological properties and probiotic potential of enterococcus faecium strains isolated from cow milk.to identify enterococci from the fermentation of milk for the production of nono, an african fermented dairy product, to determine the technological properties for suitability as starter cultures and safety as probiotics.201323035976
characterization and application of enterocin rm6, a bacteriocin from enterococcus faecalis.use of bacteriocins in food preservation has received great attention in recent years. the goal of this study is to characterize enterocin rm6 from enterococcus faecalis osy-rm6 and investigate its efficacy against listeria monocytogenes in cottage cheese. enterocin rm6 was purified from e. faecalis culture supernatant using ion exchange column, multiple c18-silica cartridges, followed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. the molecular weight of enterocin rm6 is 7145.0823 as ...201323844357
evolutionary dynamics of the accessory genome of listeria monocytogenes.listeria monocytogenes, a foodborne bacterial pathogen, is comprised of four phylogenetic lineages that vary with regard to their serotypes and distribution among sources. in order to characterize lineage-specific genomic diversity within l. monocytogenes, we sequenced the genomes of eight strains from several lineages and serotypes, and characterized the accessory genome, which was hypothesized to contribute to phenotypic differences across lineages. the eight l. monocytogenes genomes sequenced ...201323825666
[isolation and purification of recombinant human lactoferrin (rhlf) from transgenic rice and its antibacterial activities].to study the isolation and purification of recombinant human lactoferrin (rhlf) from transgenic rice, and to check its antibacterial activities.201323805514
microbiological quality of chicken- and pork-based street-vended foods from taichung, taiwan, and laguna, philippines.the microbiological quality of chicken- and pork-based street-food samples from taichung, taiwan's night markets (50) and laguna, philippines' public places (69) was evaluated in comparison to a microbiological guideline for ready-to-eat foods. different bacterial contamination patterns were observed between 'hot-grilled' and 'cold cooked/fried' food types from the two sampling locations with 'hot grilled' foods generally showing better microbiological quality. several samples were found to be u ...201323764220
antibacterial effectiveness of chitosan-propolis coated polypropylene films against foodborne pathogens.antibacterial properties of chitosan are well documented in the literature. however its antibacterial effectiveness in the film form is controversial due to the methodological differences in test methods used. in this study, antibacterial effectiveness of chitosan-coated polypropylene films alone and incorporating ethanolic extract of propolis (eep) were evaluated against six foodborne pathogens (bacillus cereus, cronobacter sakazakii, escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella ...201323707735
potential applications for annona squamosa leaf extract in the treatment and prevention of foodborne bacterial disease.foodborne disease is a major public health problem. the present study examined annona squamosa leaves, which are traditionally used to treat diarrhea and other infections, for their potential to be used in modern food safety or medicine. active constituents were partially purified by ethanol extraction and column chromatography. mics of the extract were 62.5 to 125 microg/ml against bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes and staphylococcus aureus, and 250 microg/ml against campylobacter jejuni. ...201323678817
effects of nisin-incorporated films on the microbiological and physicochemical quality of minimally processed mangoes.the aim of this study is to examine the effects of nisin-incorporated cellulose films on the physicochemical and microbiological qualities of minimally processed mangoes. the use of antimicrobial films did not affect the physicochemical characteristics of mangoes and showed antimicrobial activity against staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris and bacillus cereus. the mango slices were inoculated with s. aureus and l. monocytogenes (10(7)cfu/g), and the vi ...201323673058
effect of the temperature of the dipping solution on the antimicrobial effectiveness of various chemical decontaminants against pathogenic and spoilage bacteria on poultry.the influence of the temperature of the dipping solution on the antimicrobial effectiveness of several chemical poultry decontaminants was assessed. a total of 765 poultry legs were inoculated with gram-positive bacteria (listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, or brochothrix thermosphacta) or gram-negative bacteria (salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis, escherichia coli, yersinia enterocolitica, or pseudomonas fluorescens). samples were dipped for 15 min in solutions ...201323643125
probing determinants of cyclopiazonic acid sensitivity of bacterial ca2+-atpases.cyclopiazonic acid (cpa) is a specific and potent inhibitor of the sarcoplasmic reticulum ca(2+)-atpase 1a (serca1a). despite high sequence similarity to serca1a, listeria monocytogenes ca(2+)-atpase 1 (lmca1) is not inhibited by cpa. to test whether a cpa binding site could be created while maintaining the functionality of the atpase we targeted four amino acid positions in lmca1 for mutational studies based on a multiple sequence alignment of serca-like ca(2+)-atpases and structural analysis o ...201323621633
evaluation of the haccp system in a university canteen: microbiological monitoring and internal auditing as verification tools.food safety is essential in mass catering. in europe, regulation (ec) no. 852/2004 requires food business operators to put in place, implement and maintain permanent procedures based on hazard analysis and critical control point (haccp) principles. each haccp plan is specifically implemented for the processing plant and processing methods and requires a systematic collection of data on the incidence, elimination, prevention, and reduction of risks. in this five-year-study, the effectiveness of t ...201323594937
antibacterial activity-guided purification and identification of a novel c-20 oxygenated ent-kaurane from rabdosia serra (maxim.) hara.the objective of this work was to conduct an activity-guided isolation of antibacterial compounds from rabdosia serra. the ethanol extracts of r. serra leaf and stem were partitioned sequentially into petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, butanol and water fractions, respectively. the ethanol extract of leaf evidenced broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacterial, including bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, and listeria monocytogenes. the ethyl acetate ...201323561188
microbial diversity and prevalence of foodborne pathogens in cheap and junk foods consumed by primary schoolchildren.aerobic plate counts (apc), coliforms, bacillus cereus, escherichia coli and eight foodborne pathogens were tested in 1008 cheap and junk foods, including candies, dried cakes, chewing gum, chocolate, dried and seasoned seafood, ice cream, and sugary foods. apcs were positive for 342 samples (33·9%), and the majority of the counts were 2-3 log cfu g(-1) or ml(-1) (average: 1·10 log cfu g(-1) or ml(-1) ). most samples (97·3%) contained no coliforms (average: 0·07 log cfu g(-1) or ml(-1) ). bacill ...201323551123
microbiological examination of ready-to-eat foods and ready-to-bake frozen pastries from university canteens.during a 10-year inspection survey (2001-2010), a microbiological study of ready-to-eat (rte) foods and ready-to-bake frozen pastries from 15 canteens of the university campus was undertaken to determine their microbiological quality. the cumulative study revealed that the aerobic colony counts for the rte product groups were as follows: from 10(6) to 10(8) cfu/g for 50% of sandwiches; under the detection limit (<10 cfu/g) for 88.6% of oven baked pastries; <10(5) cfu/g for 86.5% of desserts oven ...201323541200
in vitro assessment of functional properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from faecal microbiota of healthy dogs for potential use as probiotics.lactic acid bacteria were isolated and identified in the faeces of chinese crested and yorkshire terrier pups and their probiotic features were investigated in vitro. thirty seven isolates were identified as lactobacillus or enterococcus. out of these isolates, 31 were lactic acid bacteria (lab) and belonged to the species lactobacillus reuteri (16/37; 43.3%), lactobacillus animalis (7/37; 18.9%), lactobacillus acidophilus (3/37; 8.1%), lactobacillus sanfranciscensis (2/37; 5.4%), lactobacillus ...201323538205
antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of mycelia of a medicinal mushroom from taiwan, taiwanofungus salmoneus (higher basidiomycetes).taiwanofungus salmoneus (t.t. chang et w.n. chou) sheng h. wu et al. (shiang-shan-chih), is a medicinal fungus indigenous to taiwan. the mycelium was prepared from submerged culture and its ethanolic and hot-water extracts were used to study its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. gram-positive species (bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes, and staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative species (escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium) of bacteria were used. in addition to the i ...201323510283
co-production of surfactin and a novel bacteriocin by bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis h4 isolated from bikalga, an african alkaline hibiscus sabdariffa seed fermented condiment.bikalga is a hibiscus sabdariffa seed fermented condiment widely consumed in burkina faso and neighboring countries. the fermentation is dominated by bacillus subtilis group species. ten b. subtilis subsp. subtilis (six isolates) and bacillus licheniformis (four isolates) isolated from traditional bikalga were examined for their antimicrobial activity against a panel of 36 indicator organisms including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and yeasts. the bacillus spp. isolates showed variabl ...201323466466
airborne microbial composition in a high-throughput poultry slaughtering facility.a high-throughput chicken slaughtering facility in beijing was systematically investigated for numbers of airborne microorganisms. samples were assessed for counts of aerobic bacteria, staphylococcus aureus, total coliforms, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, listeria monocytogenes, bacillus cereus, and salmonella. during a 4-month period (september to december 2011), samples were collected for 10 min three times daily (preproduction, production, and postproduction). samples were collecte ...201323462077
antimicrobial activity of essential oils from mediterranean aromatic plants against several foodborne and spoilage bacteria.the antimicrobial activity of essential oils extracted from a variety of aromatic plants, often used in the portuguese gastronomy was studied in vitro by the agar diffusion method. the essential oils of thyme, oregano, rosemary, verbena, basil, peppermint, pennyroyal and mint were tested against gram-positive (listeria monocytogenes, clostridium perfringens, bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecium, enterococcus faecalis, and staphylococcus epidermidis) and gram-negative stra ...201323444311
pathogenic bacteria in finnish bulk tank milk.while the quality of raw cow milk in finland is known for its high hygienic standard, with the national average total bacterial count being below 10(4) cfu/ml annually, the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in finnish raw milk is underreported. the aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of listeria monocytogenes, thermophilic campylobacter spp., salmonella spp., stx-positive escherichia coli (stec), coagulase-positive staphylococci, yersinia spp., and bacillus cereus group in raw cow ...201323373473
antimicrobial and antifungal activities of lactobacillus curvatus strain isolated from homemade azerbaijani cheese.the aims of this study were to characterize inhibitory activity spectra, some probiotic properties and safety of lactobacillus curvatus a61 for its future application in production of fermented foods. the studied strain was isolated from traditional homemade cheese manufactured in azerbaijan. the cell-free supernatant of culture of lb. curvatus a61 inhibited the growth of tested lab, as well as of listeria monocytogenes and bacillus cereus strains. the strain presented antifungal activity and in ...201323357316
inhibitory effect of cinnamon powder on pathogen growth in laboratory media and oriental-style rice cakes (sulgidduk).there has been an increasing interest in the use of natural plant materials as alternative food preservatives. we examined the antimicrobial effects of natural plant materials used as additives against foodborne pathogens in laboratory media and sulgidduk, oriental-style rice cakes. cinnamon, mugwort, and garlic powder solutions (3%) were tested for their antimicrobial activities against pathogens in laboratory media. sulgidduk prepared with different amounts of cinnamon powder (1, 3, and 6%) wa ...201323317869
inactivation of foodborne pathogens in ground beef by cooking with highly controlled radio frequency energy.the consumer demand for fresh tasting, high quality, low salt, preservative-free meals which require minimal preparation time magnifies the safety concern and emphasizes the need to use innovative technologies for food processing. a modern technique to uniformly heat and cook foods is based on a combination of convection and controlled radio frequency (rf) energy. however any advantage conferred on meat cooked by this method would be lost if application of the technology results in decreased saf ...201323290228
assessment of the microbial safety and quality of cooked chilled foods and their production process.refrigerated processed foods of extended durability (repfeds) are a heterogeneous group of food products. this study assesses the microbial safety and quality along the production process in five repfed companies. samples were taken of raw materials (n=123), intermediate products (n=123), end products at production day (n=45) and at end of shelf life (n=90), food contact surfaces (n=226) and worker's hands/gloves (n=92). samples are analysed for total psychrotrophic aerobic count, aerobic spore ...201323290224
changes in microbial contamination levels of porcine carcasses and fresh pork in slaughterhouses, processing lines, retail outlets, and local markets by commercial distribution.the objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in microbial contamination levels of each porcine carcass and fresh pork in a general distribution process. a total of 100 commercial pigs were sampled (six sampling sites per individual, total 600 samples) at four sequential stages: slaughterhouse (after carcass grading and boning), processing line, retail outlet, and local market. no significant differences were observed in the contaminant percentages among sampling sites and sample colle ...201323273786
production of medium chain saturated fatty acids with enhanced antimicrobial activity from crude coconut fat by solid state cultivation of yarrowia lipolytica.fatty acids profiles and antimicrobial activity of crude coconut fat hydrolysates obtained in solid-state cultivation system with a selected yeast strain yarrowia lipolytica ro13 were performed. a preliminary step regarding extracellular lipase production and solid state enzymatic hydrolysis of crude fat at different water activity and time intervals up to 7 days was also applied. gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was used for quantification of medium chain saturated fatty acids (mcs ...201323194533
architecture and assembly of the gram-positive cell wall.the bacterial cell wall is a mesh polymer of peptidoglycan--linear glycan strands cross-linked by flexible peptides--that determines cell shape and provides physical protection. while the glycan strands in thin 'gram-negative' peptidoglycan are known to run circumferentially around the cell, the architecture of the thicker 'gram-positive' form remains unclear. using electron cryotomography, here we show that bacillus subtilis peptidoglycan is a uniformly dense layer with a textured surface. we f ...201323600697
food-borne pathogens of animal origin-diagnosis, prevention, control and their zoonotic significance: a review.the term food borne diseases or food-borne illnesses or more commonly food poisoning are used to denote gastrointestinal complications that occur following recent consumption of a particular food or drink. millions of people suffer worldwide every year and the situation is quiet grave in developing nations creating social and economic strain. the food borne pathogens include various bacteria viz., salmonella, campylobacter, escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, yersinia enterocolitica, staph ...201324506006
an alkenylresorcinol derivative from hakea sericea fruits and their antimicrobial activity.hakea sericea has been introduced to portugal for ornamental purposes. the phytochemical composition and the antioxidant, antibacterial, antibiofilm and cytotoxic properties of this shrub species have been previously reported. the present work describes the bioassay-guided fractionation of the crude methanolic extract of h. sericea fruits and the isolation of 9-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methylphenyl)nona-3(z)-enoic acid. the structure of this new compound was established by one- and two-dimensional nmr a ...201324354201
novel antibacterial activity of lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis z11 isolated from zabady.the purpose of this study was to select and characterize a probiotic bacterium with distinctive antimicrobial activities. in this respect, lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis z11 (l. lactis z11) isolated from zabady (arabian yoghurt) inhibited other strains of lactic acid bacteria and some food-born pathogens including listeria monocytogenes, bacillus cereus and staphylococcus aureus. the inhibitory activity of cell free supernatant (cfs) of l. lactis z11 isolated from zabady was lost by proteo ...201324151453
nisin-activated hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces: assessment of peptide adsorption and antibacterial activity against some food pathogens.an effective antimicrobial packaging or food contact surface should be able to kill or inhibit micro-organisms that cause food-borne illnesses. setting up such systems, by nisin adsorption on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces, is still a matter of debate. for this purpose, nisin was adsorbed on two types of low-density polyethylene: the hydrophobic native film and the hydrophilic acrylic acid-treated surface. the antibacterial activity was compared for those two films and it was highly depend ...201324092009
influence of phenolic compounds of kangra tea [camellia sinensis (l) o kuntze] on bacterial pathogens and indigenous bacterial probiotics of western himalayas.phenolic compounds of nutraceutical importance viz., catechins (c), (-)-epicatechin (ec), (-)-epigallocatechin (egc), (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg) and (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ecg) were estimated in fresh green tea shoots of camellia sinensis (l) o kuntze cultivar. the total polyphenols and total catechins were in the range of 219.90 to 317.81 and 140.83 to 271.39 g/kg, respectively in monthly samples of tea. the values of c, ec, egc, egcg and ecg in tea powders as analyzed through hi ...201324516437
synthesis and characterization of novel organocobaloximes as potential catecholase and antimicrobial activity agents.an asymmetric, potentially bidentate dioxime ligand (h₂l) was formed by condensation of 4-biphenylchloroglyoxime and napthyl-1-amine. two equivalents of h₂l were reacted with cocl₂  · 6h₂o under appropriate conditions with deprotonation of the dioxime ligand. a series of new organocobaloxime derivatives of the type [cor(hl)₂py], [corl₂pyb₂f₄], and [corl₂py(cu(phen))₂] (h₂l = 4-(napthyl-1-amino)biphenylglyoxime; phen = 1,10-phenathroline; r = izopropyl and benzyl; py = pyridine) were synthesized. ...201324003018
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