Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| cloning of the soda gene from corynebacterium melassecola and role of superoxide dismutase in cellular viability. | the soda gene encoding the corynebacterium melassecola manganese-cofactored superoxide dismutase (sod) has been cloned in escherichia coli and sequenced. the gene is transcribed monocistronically; the predicted polypeptide is 200 amino acids long and associates in a homotetrameric, manganese-dependent form, able to complement an sod-deficient e. coli mutant. a second open reading frame, coding for a putative 217-amino-acid protein with high homology to peptide methionine sulfoxide reductases fro ... | 2001 | 11157941 |
| systematic identification of selective essential genes in helicobacter pylori by genome prioritization and allelic replacement mutagenesis. | a comparative genomic approach was used to identify helicobacter pylori 26695 open reading frames (orfs) which are conserved in h. pylori j99 but highly diverged in other eubacteria. a survey of selected pathways of central intermediary metabolism was also carried out, and genes with a potentially selective role in h. pylori were identified. forty-five orfs identified in these two analyses were screened using a rapid vector-free allelic replacement mutagenesis technique, and 33 were shown to be ... | 2001 | 11157938 |
| competitive exclusion of heterologous campylobacter spp. in chicks. | chicken and human isolates of campylobacter jejuni were used to provide oral challenge of day-old broiler chicks. the isolation ratio of the competing challenge strains was monitored and varied, depending upon the isolates used. a pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay of the flagellin gene (flaa) was used to discriminate between the chick-colonizing isolates. our observations indicated that the selected c. jejuni colonizers dominated the niche provided by the chicken ceca. chicken i ... | 2001 | 11157253 |
| intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for guillain-barré syndrome with igg anti-gm1 antibody. | to compare the effects of intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig) therapy and plasmapheresis for the igg anti-gm1-positive subtype of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), clinical and electrophysiological recoveries were analyzed in 24 patients treated with ivig (n = 10) or plasmapheresis (n = 14). at entry, there were no significant differences between the two patient groups in age, sex, clinical severity (hughes grade), sum scores of distally evoked amplitudes of compound muscle action potentials (cmaps), ... | 2001 | 11150966 |
| determination of helicobacter pylori virulence by simple gene analysis of the cag pathogenicity island. | nucleic acid amplification was performed for five loci in the cag pathogenicity island (pai) of helicobacter pylori (comprising caga, the caga promoter region, cage, cagt, and the left end of cagii [lec]), and gastric inflammation in patients was evaluated. of 204 h. pylori isolates from japanese patients (53 with peptic ulcer, 55 with gastric cancer, and 96 with chronic gastritis), 197 (96.6%) were positive for all five loci. two isolates (1%) were negative for all five loci, and five isolates ... | 2001 | 11139216 |
| hyper-immunoglobulin a in the hyperimmunoglobulinemia d syndrome. | the hyperimmunoglobulinemia d syndrome (hids) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by recurrent febrile attacks with abdominal, articular, and skin manifestations. apart from elevated immunoglobulin d (igd) levels (>100 iu/ml), there are high iga levels in the majority of cases. mutations in the gene encoding mevalonate kinase constitute the molecular defect in hids. the cause of elevated iga concentrations in hids patients remains to be elucidated. we studied the hyper-iga response ... | 2001 | 11139196 |
| role of the high affinity immunoglobulin e receptor in bacterial translocation and intestinal inflammation. | a role for immunoglobulin e and its high affinity receptor (fc epsilon ri) in the control of bacterial pathogenicity and intestinal inflammation has been suggested, but relevant animal models are lacking. here we compare transgenic mice expressing a humanized fc epsilon ri (hfc epsilon ri), with a cell distribution similar to that in humans, to fc epsilon ri-deficient animals. in hfc epsilon ri transgenic mice, levels of colonic interleukin 4 were higher, the composition of fecal flora was great ... | 2001 | 11136818 |
| rapid detection of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli by real-time pcr with fluorescent hybridization probes. | in this report, we present a pcr protocol for rapid identification of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli on a lightcycler instrument. in a multiplex assay, the genes encoding shiga toxin 1 and shiga toxin 2 are detected in a single reaction capillary. a complete analysis of up to 32 samples takes about 45 min. | 2001 | 11136804 |
| detection and initial characterization of novel capsular polysaccharide among diverse campylobacter jejuni strains using alcian blue dye. | we have recently demonstrated that most strains of campylobacter jejuni produce capsular polysaccharide (cps), which can be detected by immunoblotting with homologous penner antisera on polyvinylidene difluoride membranes (a. v. karlyshev, d. linton, n. a. gregson, a. j. lastovica, and b. w. wren, mol. microbiol. 35:529-541, 2000). in this report, we describe a universal and rapid staining procedure using alcian blue for c. jejuni cps, which does not rely on the availability of antisera and iden ... | 2001 | 11136784 |
| characteristics of helicobacter pylori infection in jamaican adults with gastrointestinal symptoms. | helicobacter pylori infection is common in jamaica. describing its epidemiology in a population-based study depends largely on serology, but serologic assays have not been validated in this population. to address this issue, we examined the presence of h. pylori infection in 30 sequential adult patients with gastroduodenal symptoms by three biopsy-based methods (rapid urease test, histology, and culture) as well as by one research and two commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas). a ... | 2001 | 11136773 |
| multilocus sequence typing system for campylobacter jejuni. | the gram-negative bacterium campylobacter jejuni has extensive reservoirs in livestock and the environment and is a frequent cause of gastroenteritis in humans. to date, the lack of (i) methods suitable for population genetic analysis and (ii) a universally accepted nomenclature has hindered studies of the epidemiology and population biology of this organism. here, a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) system for this organism is described, which exploits the genetic variation present in seven hou ... | 2001 | 11136741 |
| cloning and characterization of a campylobacter jejuni iron-uptake operon. | we report that c. jejuni modifies its outer membrane protein (omp) repertoire when cultivated under iron-limiting conditions such as during incubation with epithelial cells. to identify genes encoding de novo expressed omps, a c. jejuni cosmid library was screened with antisera raised against proteins expressed in the presence of epithelial cells. a single clone was identified encoding an 80-kda antigen. sequence analysis of subclones identified an operon of three open reading frames (orfs) enco ... | 2001 | 11136137 |
| breaching the mucosal barrier by stealth: an emerging pathogenic mechanism for enteroadherent bacterial pathogens. | 2001 | 11134175 | |
| in staphylococcus aureus, fur is an interactive regulator with perr, contributes to virulence, and is necessary for oxidative stress resistance through positive regulation of catalase and iron homeostasis. | the staphylococcus aureus genome encodes three ferric uptake repressor (fur) homologues: fur, perr, and zur. to determine the exact role of fur in s. aureus, we inactivated the fur gene by allelic replacement using a tetracycline resistance cassette, creating strain mjh010 (fur). the mutant had a growth defect in rich medium, and this defect was exacerbated in metal-depleted cl medium. this growth defect was partially suppressed by manganous ion, a metal ion with known antioxidant properties. th ... | 2001 | 11133939 |
| specificities of eleven different dna methyltransferases of helicobacter pylori strain 26695. | methyltransferases (mtases) of procaryotes affect general cellular processes such as mismatch repair, regulation of transcription, replication, and transposition, and in some cases may be essential for viability. as components of restriction-modification systems, they contribute to bacterial genetic diversity. the genome of helicobacter pylori strain 26695 contains 25 open reading frames encoding putative dna mtases. to assess which mtase genes are active, strain 26695 genomic dna was tested for ... | 2001 | 11133936 |
| antimicrobial properties of garlic oil against human enteric bacteria: evaluation of methodologies and comparisons with garlic oil sulfides and garlic powder. | the antimicrobial effects of aqueous garlic extracts are well established but those of garlic oil (go) are little known. methodologies for estimating the antimicrobial activity of go were assessed and go, go sulfide constituents, and garlic powder (gp) were compared in tests against human enteric bacteria. test methodologies were identified as capable of producing underestimates of go activity. antimicrobial activity was greater in media lacking tryptone or cysteine, suggesting that, as for alli ... | 2001 | 11133485 |
| modeling of combined processing steps for reducing escherichia coli o157:h7 populations in apple cider. | probabilistic models were used as a systematic approach to describe the response of escherichia coli o157:h7 populations to combinations of commonly used preservation methods in unpasteurized apple cider. using a complete factorial experimental design, the effect of ph (3. 1 to 4.3), storage temperature and time (5 to 35 degrees c for 0 to 6 h or 12 h), preservatives (0, 0.05, or 0.1% potassium sorbate or sodium benzoate), and freeze-thaw (f-t; -20 degrees c, 48 h and 4 degrees c, 4 h) treatment ... | 2001 | 11133437 |
| molecular ecology of tetracycline resistance: development and validation of primers for detection of tetracycline resistance genes encoding ribosomal protection proteins. | phylogenetic analysis of tetracycline resistance genes encoding the ribosomal protection proteins (rpps) revealed the monophyletic origin of these genes. the most deeply branching class, exemplified by tet and otra, consisted of genes from the antibiotic-producing organisms streptomyces rimosus and streptomyces lividans. with a high degree of confidence, the corresponding genes of the other seven classes (tet m, tet s, tet o, tet w, tet q, tet t, and tetb p) formed phylogenetically distinct sepa ... | 2001 | 11133424 |
| campylobacter contamination of raw meat and poultry at retail sale: identification of multiple types and comparison with isolates from human infection. | campylobacter species are the major cause of acute bacterial enteritis reported in the united kingdom, nonetheless many aspects of campylobacteriosis epidemiology remain poorly understood. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in fresh bovine, ovine, and porcine liver and chicken portions from retail outlets and compare strain subtype distributions with those associated with cases of human campylobacteriosis occurring within the same ... | 2000 | 11131886 |
| current cases in which epitope mimicry is considered a component cause of autoimmune disease: guillain-barré syndrome. | some patients develop guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) after the administration of bovine gangliosides. patients with gbs subsequent to campylobacter jejuni enteritis frequently have igg antibody to gm1 ganglioside. miller fisher syndrome (mfs), a variant of gbs, is associated with igg antibody to gq1b ganglioside. molecular mimicry between gm1 and lipopolysaccharide of c. jejuni isolated from patients with gbs, and between gq1b and c. jejuni lipopolysaccharides from patients with mfs have been dem ... | 2000 | 11130452 |
| diet influences the colonisation of campylobacter jejuni and distribution of mucin carbohydrates in the chick intestinal tract. | the objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of diet on the colonisation by campylobacter jejuni of the chick caeca, and to determine whether the viscosity of the intestinal contents and mucin carbohydrates were altered by the diet. the diets investigated were maize based, wheat-based or wheat-based supplemented with xylanase. the xylanase-supplemented diet reduced the viscosity and lowered the numbers of camp. jejuni. feeding the enzyme-supplemented diet increased the amount of neut ... | 2000 | 11130183 |
| rrndb: the ribosomal rna operon copy number database. | the ribosomal rna operon copy number database (rrndb) is an internet-accessible database containing annotated information on rrna operon copy number among prokaryotes. gene redundancy is uncommon in prokaryotic genomes, yet the rrna genes can vary from one to as many as 15 copies. despite the widespread use of 16s rrna gene sequences for identification of prokaryotes, information on the number and sequence of individual rrna genes in a genome is not readily accessible. in an attempt to understan ... | 2001 | 11125085 |
| srpdb (signal recognition particle database). | signal recognition particle (srp) is a stable cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein complex that serves to translocate secretory proteins across membranes during translation. the srp database (srpdb) provides compilations of srp components, ordered alphabetically and phylogenetically. alignments emphasize phylogenetically-supported base pairs in srp rna and conserved residues in the proteins. data are provided in various formats including a column arrangement for improved access and simplified computati ... | 2001 | 11125080 |
| the cog database: new developments in phylogenetic classification of proteins from complete genomes. | the database of clusters of orthologous groups of proteins (cogs), which represents an attempt on a phylogenetic classification of the proteins encoded in complete genomes, currently consists of 2791 cogs including 45 350 proteins from 30 genomes of bacteria, archaea and the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/cog). in addition, a supplement to the cogs is available, in which proteins encoded in the genomes of two multicellular eukaryotes, the nematode caenorhabditis ele ... | 2001 | 11125040 |
| a rapid dna isolation procedure for the identification of campylobacter jejuni by the polymerase chain reaction. | we have developed an efficient process for rapidly isolating campylobacter dna using mechanical disruption combined with the guanidine-based reagent dnazol. template dna was isolated by this method from cultures of campylobacter jejuni resistant to lysis by boiling or enzymes and identified following polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification using primers specific for the hippuricase gene. direct detection of campylobacters in poultry-processing samples by pcr is demonstrated in chicken carc ... | 2000 | 11123549 |
| in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial enteropathogens causing traveler's diarrhea in four geographic regions. | the emergence of resistant enteropathogens has been reported worldwide. few data are available on the contemporary in vitro activities of commonly used antimicrobial agents against enteropathogens causing traveler's diarrhea (td). the susceptibility patterns of antimicrobial agents currently available or under evaluation against pathogens causing td in four different areas of the world were evaluated. pathogens were identified in stool samples from u.s., canadian, or european adults (18 years of ... | 2001 | 11120968 |
| macrolide resistance conferred by base substitutions in 23s rrna. | 2001 | 11120937 | |
| role of mycobacterium tuberculosis copper-zinc superoxide dismutase. | superoxide dismutases (sods) play an important role in protection against oxidative stress and have been shown to contribute to the pathogenicity of many bacterial species. to determine the function of the mycobacterial copper and zinc-cofactored sod (cuznsod), we constructed and characterized mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis bcg cuznsod null mutants. both strains were more sensitive to superoxides and hydrogen peroxide than were their respective parental strains. the survival ... | 2001 | 11119546 |
| microtubule- and dynein-mediated movement of orientia tsutsugamushi to the microtubule organizing center. | the host cell microfilaments and microtubules (mts) are known to play a critical role in the life cycles of several pathogenic intracellular microbes by providing for successful invasion and promoting movement of the pathogen once inside the host cell cytoplasm. orientia tsutsugamushi, an obligate intracellular bacterium, enters host cells by induced phagocytosis, escapes to the cytosol, and then replicates in the cytosol. ecv304 cells infected with o. tsutsugamushi revealed the colocalization o ... | 2001 | 11119542 |
| characterization of vibrio cholerae o1 el tor galu and gale mutants: influence on lipopolysaccharide structure, colonization, and biofilm formation. | recently we described the isolation of spontaneous bacteriophage k139-resistant vibrio cholerae o1 el tor mutants. in this study, we identified phage-resistant isolates with intact o antigen but altered core oligosaccharide which were also affected in galactose catabolism; this strains have mutations in the galu gene. we inactivated another gal gene, gale, and the mutant was also found to be defective in the catabolism of exogenous galactose but synthesized an apparently normal lipopolysaccharid ... | 2001 | 11119535 |
| role of flm locus in mesophilic aeromonas species adherence. | the adherence mechanism of aeromonas caviae sch3n to hep-2 cells was initially investigated through four mini-tn5 mutants that showed a 10-fold decrease in adherence. these mutants lost motility, flagella, and their lipopolysaccharide (lps) o antigen (o-ag). three genes, flmb-neua-flmd, were found to be interrupted by the transposon insertions; additionally, two other genes, one lying upstream (flma) and one downstream (neub), were found to be clustered in the same operon. while the flma and flm ... | 2001 | 11119490 |
| detection of bacterial virulence genes by subtractive hybridization: identification of capsular polysaccharide of burkholderia pseudomallei as a major virulence determinant. | burkholderia pseudomallei, the etiologic agent of melioidosis, is responsible for a broad spectrum of illnesses in humans and animals particularly in southeast asia and northern australia, where it is endemic. burkholderia thailandensis is a nonpathogenic environmental organism closely related to b. pseudomallei. subtractive hybridization was carried out between these two species to identify genes encoding virulence determinants in b. pseudomallei. screening of the subtraction library revealed a ... | 2001 | 11119486 |
| the effect of thermal stress on campylobacter coli. | enteropathogenic campylobacter jejuni, camp. coli and camp. lari are currently the most common cause of acute infectious diarrhoeal illness in the uk. many domestic animals, including pigs, act as natural reservoirs for these organisms and infection may occur through the ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs. the safety of locally produced porcine liver was assessed in relation to the heat susceptibility of campylobacter spp. present in eviscerated product. | 2000 | 11119166 |
| antimicrobial resistance profiling and dna amplification fingerprinting (daf) of thermophilic campylobacter spp. in human, poultry and porcine samples from the cork region of ireland. | antimicrobial resistance (r) typing and dna amplification fingerprinting (daf) of a random collection of 84 irish thermophilic campylobacter isolates is described. the collection included human, veterinary (porcine) and poultry isolates cultured between 1996 and 1998 in the cork region of ireland. biochemical and molecular methods were used to identify campylobacter jejuni and camp. coli. many of these isolates were simultaneously resistant to several common antimicrobial agents. in particular, ... | 2000 | 11119145 |
| a recurrent general rna binding domain appended to plant methionyl-trna synthetase acts as a cis-acting cofactor for aminoacylation. | the cdna encoding rice methionyl-trna synthetase was isolated. the protein exhibited a c-terminal polypeptide appended to a classical metrs domain. this supplementary domain is related to endothelial monocyte activating polypeptide ii (emapii), a cytokine produced in mammals after cleavage of p43, a component of the multisynthetase complex. it is also related to arc1p and trbp111, two trna binding proteins. we expressed rice metrs and a derivative with a deletion of its emapii-like domain. band- ... | 2000 | 11118226 |
| a waterborne outbreak of small round structured virus, campylobacter and shigella co-infections in la neuveville, switzerland, 1998. | an outbreak of gastro-enteritis occurred in la neuveville, township with 3358 inhabitants. a retrospective cohort study of 1915 participants showed that 1607 (84%) had been ill. campylobacter jejuni was isolated from 28 patient faecal samples, shigella sonnei from 21 patients and small round structured viruses (srsv) from 6 patients. more than one pathogen was identified in eight persons. the epidemic curve was characteristic of a point-source outbreak. the risk for illness was significantly hig ... | 2000 | 11117956 |
| evaluation of a new commercial immunoassay for rapid detection of campylobacter jejuni in stool samples. | in order to evaluate a new commercial enzyme immunoassay (prospect campylobacter microplate assay; alexon-trend, usa) for the detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in stool samples, 30 faecal specimens known to be culture-positive for campylobacter jejuni were tested with the new assay. the detection limit was approximately 3 x 10(6)/ml in faecal suspensions. the sensitivity relative to culture was 80% (24/30). all of the 24 positive samples, except for one, remained positive ... | 2000 | 11117647 |
| 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase, the gene product of open reading frame (orf) 2816 and orf 2895 in rhodobacter capsulatus. | in eubacteria, green algae, and plant chloroplasts, isopentenyl diphosphate, a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of isoprenoids, is synthesized by the methylerythritol phosphate pathway. the five carbons of the basic isoprenoid unit are assembled by joining pyruvate and d-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. the reaction is catalyzed by the thiamine diphosphate-dependent enzyme 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase. in rhodobacter capsulatus, two open reading frames (orfs) carry the genes that encod ... | 2001 | 11114895 |
| purification, characterization and sequence analysis of omp50,a new porin isolated from campylobacter jejuni. | a novel pore-forming protein identified in campylobacter was purified by ion-exchange chromatography and named omp50 according to both its molecular mass and its outer membrane localization. we observed a pore-forming ability of omp50 after re-incorporation into artificial membranes. the protein induced cation-selective channels with major conductance values of 50-60 ps in 1 m nacl. n-terminal sequencing allowed us to identify the predicted coding sequence cj1170c from the campylobacter jejuni g ... | 2000 | 11104668 |
| in vitro activity of gemifloxacin (sb-265805) compared with 14 other antimicrobials against intestinal pathogens. | we studied the in vitro activity of gemifloxacin (sb-265805) and 14 comparator antimicrobials against 288 recent isolates of enteropathogenic bacteria (106 salmonella: spp., 32 hafnia alvei, 22 yersinia enterocolitica, 21 shigella: spp., 16 aeromonas: spp. and 91 campylobacter jejuni). gemifloxacin, the other fluoroquinolones and cefotaxime were very active against all microorganisms tested except for c. jejuni. seventy-seven per cent of isolates of c. jejuni were inhibited by erythromycin < or ... | 2000 | 11102426 |
| characterization of chloramphenicol and florfenicol resistance in escherichia coli associated with bovine diarrhea. | florfenicol, a veterinary fluorinated analog of thiamphenicol, is approved for treatment of bovine respiratory pathogens in the united states. however, florfenicol resistance has recently emerged among veterinary escherichia coli isolates incriminated in bovine diarrhea. the flo gene, which confers resistance to florfenicol and chloramphenicol, has previously been identified in photobacterium piscicida and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104. the flo gene product is closely related to ... | 2000 | 11101601 |
| diarrhea in children under 5 years of age from ifakara, tanzania: a case-control study. | a matched case-control study was conducted in the maternal and child health clinic (mch) in ifakara, tanzania, during the rainy season in order to elucidate the risk factors for and etiology of diarrheal diseases in children under 5 years of age. cases (103) and controls (206) were matched for sex and age group. precoded questionnaires with demographic details, clinical history, and physical signs were completed. stools samples were collected for bacterial, parasitological, and viral studies. a ... | 2000 | 11101580 |
| prevalence of diarrheagenic escherichia coli in finns with or without diarrhea during a round-the-world trip. | the incidence of diarrhea and the prevalence of bacterial enteropathogens, viruses, and parasites in feces of subjects with and without diarrhea were evaluated in 204 finns traveling round the world (from finland to china, malaysia, australia, fiji, chile, and brazil and back to finland). special emphasis was placed on the finding of diarrheagenic escherichia coli (enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, shiga toxin-producing, and enteroaggregative strains) by pcr from growth on primary culture plate ... | 2000 | 11101575 |
| pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. | inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy causes a spectrum of conditions ranging from acute (guillain-barré syndrome), through subacute to chronic forms. the pathogenesis of acute forms is related to antibody responses against glycolipid epitopes which mimic bacterial, especially campylobacter jejuni, structures but t cells are also involved. the pathogenesis of chronic forms is poorly understood. different forms differ in their responses to steroids. chronic inflammatory demyelinating ... | 2000 | 11098290 |
| does enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 enter the viable but nonculturable state in salted salmon roe? | an outbreak caused by salted salmon roe contaminated with enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157 occurred in japan in 1998. since about 0.75 to 1.5 viable cells were estimated to cause infection, we presumed that o157 might enter the viable but nonculturable (vnc) state in salted salmon roe and consequently that viable cell numbers might be underestimated. although patient-originating o157 cells could not grow on agar plates after 72 h of incubation in 13% nacl, they were resuscitated in yeast ... | 2000 | 11097946 |
| functional tn5393-like transposon in the r plasmid pras2 from the fish pathogen aeromonas salmonicida subspecies salmonicida isolated in norway. | tn5393c containing stra-strb was identified as part of r plasmid pras2 from the fish pathogen aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida. this is the first time an intact and active transposon in the tn5393 family has been reported in an ecological niche other than an agricultural habitat. | 2000 | 11097945 |
| detection on surfaces and in caco-2 cells of campylobacter jejuni cells transformed with new gfp, yfp, and cfp marker plasmids. | we have developed two sets of campylobacter shuttle vectors containing either the gfp (green fluorescent protein), yfp (yellow fluorescent protein), or cfp (cyan fluorescent protein) reporter gene. in one set, the reporter gene is fused to a consensus campylobacter promoter sequence (p(c)). the other set contains a puc18 multicloning site upstream of the reporter gene, allowing the construction of transcriptional fusions using known promoters or random genomic fragments. c. jejuni cells transfor ... | 2000 | 11097924 |
| identification of taxonomic and epidemiological relationships among campylobacter species by numerical analysis of aflp profiles. | amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp)-based profiling was performed on 138 strains representing all named campylobacter species and subspecies. profiles of 15/16 species comprised 6 to greater than 100 fragments and were subjected to numerical analysis. the mean similarity of 48 duplicate, outbreak and/or 'identical' strain profiles exceeded 94%. species were clearly distinguished at the 17.90% similarity (s-) level in the dendrogram. subspecies of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter ... | 2000 | 11094296 |
| molecular physiology and pathophysiology of tight junctions v. assault of the tight junction by enteric pathogens. | studies of the impact of enteric pathogens and their virulence factors on the proteins comprising the tight junction and zonula adherens offer a novel approach to dissection of tight junctional complex regulation. most studies to date provide only tantalizing clues that select pathogens may indeed assault the tight junctional complex. information on critical human pathogens such as campylobacter jejuni and shigella and salmonella subspecies is lacking. mechanistic studies are currently sparse, b ... | 2000 | 11093933 |
| evidence for horizontal gene transfer in evolution of elongation factor tu in enterococci. | the elongation factor tu, encoded by tuf genes, is a gtp binding protein that plays a central role in protein synthesis. one to three tuf genes per genome are present, depending on the bacterial species. most low-g+c-content gram-positive bacteria carry only one tuf gene. we have designed degenerate pcr primers derived from consensus sequences of the tuf gene to amplify partial tuf sequences from 17 enterococcal species and other phylogenetically related species. the amplified dna fragments were ... | 2000 | 11092850 |
| campylobacters: the most common bacterial enteropathogens in the nordic countries. | campylobacters have been known as important human pathogens since the late 1970s. campylobacter jejuni and coli are the most common bacterial enteropathogens in the developed countries. during the past years an increasing incidence of campylobacteriosis has been reported in many developed countries. c. jejuni is the most common campylobacter species while c. coli accounts for about 5-10% of the cases. although the genome of c. jejuni nctc 11168 strain was sequenced recently, the exact pathogenet ... | 2000 | 11087163 |
| dna rearrangements in the flagellin locus of an flaa mutant of campylobacter jejuni during colonization of chicken ceca. | campylobacter jejuni is an enteropathogen for humans but commensal for chickens. in both hosts, the flagella and motility are important colonization factors. the flagellin gene is duplicated in campylobacter, but only one flagellin gene, flaa, is sufficient for motility. we found that, during colonization of the chicken intestine, a nonmotile flaa mutant of c. jejuni underwent rearrangements within its flagellin locus, thereby regaining its motility and colonization capacity. in contrast, in vit ... | 2000 | 11083841 |
| cellular internalization of cytolethal distending toxin from haemophilus ducreyi. | the chancroid bacterium haemophilus ducreyi produces a toxin (hdcdt) which is a member of the recently discovered family of cytolethal distending toxins (cdts). these protein toxins prevent the cyclin-dependent kinase cdc2 from being activated, thus blocking the transition of cells from the g(2) phase into mitosis, with the consequent arrest of intoxicated cells in g(2). it is not known whether these toxins act by signaling from the cell surface or intracellularly only. here we report that hdcdt ... | 2000 | 11083812 |
| sialylation of lipooligosaccharide cores affects immunogenicity and serum resistance of campylobacter jejuni. | three genes involved in biosynthesis of the lipooligosaccharide (los) core of campylobacter jejuni msc57360, the type strain of the hs:1 serotype, whose structure mimics gm(2) ganglioside, have been cloned and characterized. mutation of genes encoding proteins with homology to a sialyl transferase (cstii) and a putative n-acetylmannosamine synthetase (neuc1), part of the biosynthetic pathway of n-acetylneuraminic acid (neunac), have identical phenotypes. the los cores of these mutants display id ... | 2000 | 11083778 |
| campylobacter jejuni cytolethal distending toxin mediates release of interleukin-8 from intestinal epithelial cells. | live cells of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli can induce release of interleukin-8 (il-8) from int407 cells. additionally, membrane fractions of c. jejuni 81-176, but not membrane fractions of c. coli strains, can also induce release of il-8. membrane preparations from 81-176 mutants defective in any of the three membrane-associated protein subunits of cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) were unable to induce il-8. the presence of the three cdt genes on a shuttle plasmid in trans restor ... | 2000 | 11083762 |
| antibacterial spectrum of a novel des-fluoro(6) quinolone, bms-284756. | the in vitro spectrum of a novel des-fluoro(6) quinolone, bms-284756, was compared with those of five fluoroquinolones (trovafloxacin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin). bms-284756 was among the most active and often was the most active quinolone against staphylococci (including methicillin-resistant strains), streptococci, pneumococci (including ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible and penicillin-resistant strains), and enterococcus faecalis. bms-284756 inhibited approximately 6 ... | 2000 | 11083639 |
| reduction of campylobacter jejuni in a simulated chicken digestive tract by lactobacilli cultures. | studies were conducted to investigate the impact of a selected lactobacilli mixed culture on campylobacter jejuni in simulated chicken digestive tract models. veronal buffer solutions corresponding to the ph of successive segments of the chicken digestive tract were prepared. the lactobacilli mixtures were prepared by mixing four fresh lactobacilli cultures, including lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus fermenentum, lactobacillus crispatus, and lactobacillus brevis. the c. jejuni and lactob ... | 2000 | 11079707 |
| an outbreak of campylobacter jejuni infections associated with food handler contamination: the use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | in 1998, an outbreak of campylobacter jejuni infections occurred in kansas among persons attending a school luncheon; community cases were also reported. in a cohort study of luncheon attendees, 27 (17%) of 161 persons reported illness. consuming gravy (relative risk [rr], 4.2; 95% confidence interval [ci], 1.5-11.7) or pineapple (rr, 2.4; 95% ci, 1.0-5.7) was associated with illness. both foods were prepared in a kitchen that served 6 other schools where no illness was reported. a cafeteria wor ... | 2001 | 11078485 |
| microbiological hazard identification and exposure assessment of street food vending in johannesburg, south africa. | one hundred and thirty-two samples of beef, chicken, salad and gravy were collected from two street vendors over eleven replicate surveys to assess microbiological safety and quality. for each food type samples were collected during preparation and holding. dish water was also collected and food preparation surfaces swabbed during preparation and display. standard methods were used to determine aerobic plate counts, enterobacteriaceae counts, coliform counts and spore counts. six hundred and sev ... | 2000 | 11078164 |
| genotyping of clinical and chicken isolates of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | genomic dna from 58 strains of campylobacter made up of 48 campylobacter jejuni and ten campylobacter coli were digested with sma i and analysed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). the cleavage of dna by sma i gave 22 distinct hybridization patterns. the two campylobacter species were subtyped by pfge. the average genomic size for c. jejuni by sma i digestion was 1.73 mb, while that of c. coli gave 1.7 mb. results from this study indicate that pfge analysis by sma i digested genomic dna ... | 2000 | 11077971 |
| increased rectal mucosal enteroendocrine cells, t lymphocytes, and increased gut permeability following acute campylobacter enteritis and in post-dysenteric irritable bowel syndrome. | post-dysenteric irritable bowel syndrome (pd-ibs) develops in up to 25% of patients following campylobacter enteritis. our aim was to define the pathological basis of this subgroup of ibs. | 2000 | 11076879 |
| expression of invasiveness of campylobacter jejuni ssp. jejuni after serial intraperitoneal passages in mice. | we investigated the possibility of inducing the expression of invasiveness in 10 non-invading, laboratory-adapted campylobacter jejuni ssp. jejuni strains, after serial intraperitoneal (i.p.) passage in mice. all the strains expressed invasive capacity after the first passage, with an increase in invasion rates and the number of internalized bacteria after each passage. these results suggest that i.p. passage enhances the expression of invasiveness in c. jejuni ssp. jejuni strains. | 2000 | 11075552 |
| the spirochete flaa periplasmic flagellar sheath protein impacts flagellar helicity. | spirochete periplasmic flagella (pfs), including those from brachyspira (serpulina), spirochaeta, treponema, and leptospira spp., have a unique structure. in most spirochete species, the periplasmic flagellar filaments consist of a core of at least three proteins (flab1, flab2, and flab3) and a sheath protein (flaa). each of these proteins is encoded by a separate gene. using brachyspira hyodysenteriae as a model system for analyzing pf function by allelic exchange mutagenesis, we analyzed purif ... | 2000 | 11073915 |
| uptake pathways of clinical and healthy animal isolates of campylobacter jejuni into int-407 cells. | campylobacter jejuni isolates obtained from human and animal sources showed different invasion levels into human embryonic intestinal (int-407) cells. there was no significant relation between the degree of invasion and cytotoxins production. the depolymerization of both microfilaments by cytochalasin-d and microtubules by colchicine, demecolcine and nocodazole or stabilization of microtubules by paclitaxel reduced the invasiveness of c. jejuni, although microfilament depolymerization showed gre ... | 2000 | 11064267 |
| a case of guillain-barré syndrome following a family outbreak of campylobacter jejuni enteritis. | we describe an outbreak of campylobacter jejuni enteritis involving three family members of whom one developed guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). the patients' serum reacted strongly with several gangliosides and with the lipopolysaccharide (lps) fractions from the c. jejuni strains isolated from his family members. only low titer anti-ganglioside antibodies were found in his siblings. hla-typing did not indicate a locus associated with auto-antibody production. comparing the immune response in gbs ... | 2000 | 11063843 |
| identification of ciprofloxacin-resistant campylobacter jejuni by use of a fluorogenic pcr assay. | fluoroquinolones are one class of antimicrobial agents commonly used to treat severe campylobacter jejuni infection. c. jejuni strains resistant to high levels of the fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin (mic >/=16 microg/ml) have been predominantly characterized with a c-->t transition in codon 86 of gyra. the gyra gene encodes one subunit of dna gyrase, which is a primary target for fluoroquinolone antibiotics. this study establishes a rapid pcr-based taqman method for identifying ciprofloxacin-resis ... | 2000 | 11060054 |
| campylobacter jejuni bacteremia in an immunocompetent japanese child. | 2000 | 11059556 | |
| epidemiologic application of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to an outbreak of campylobacter jejuni in an austrian youth centre. | we report the first documented campylobacter jejuni outbreak in an austrian youth centre. sixty-four children were involved of which 38 showed classical signs of campylobacter gastroenteritis. since unpasteurized milk distributed by a local dairy was suspected to be the source of infection, stool samples were collected from 20 cows providing the milk. five of the cows tested positive for c. jejuni. these isolates together with 37 clinical samples were compared by pulsed-field-gel electrophoresis ... | 2000 | 11057954 |
| molecular characterization of bacterial populations in petroleum-contaminated groundwater discharged from underground crude oil storage cavities. | petroleum-contaminated groundwater discharged from underground crude oil storage cavities (cavity groundwater) harbored more than 10(6) microorganisms ml(-1), a density 100 times higher than the densities in groundwater around the cavities (control groundwater). to characterize bacterial populations growing in the cavity groundwater, 46 pcr-amplified almost full-length 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) fragments were cloned and sequenced, and 28 different sequences were obtained. all of the sequences wer ... | 2000 | 11055927 |
| effect of delayed placement on the incidence of campylobacter jejuni in broiler chickens. | an experiment was conducted with broiler chickens to evaluate the effect of delayed placement on reused litter and the isolation of campylobacter jejuni. the experiment also assessed the presence of c. jejuni in the crop following feed withdrawal periods in cages vs floor environments. trial 1 utilized 320 female broiler chicks obtained from a commercial hatchery. the chicks were randomly placed into the following experimental groups that were replicated four times with 20 chicks per pen: 1) 0-h ... | 2000 | 11055842 |
| detection of a novel campylobacter cytotoxin. | the culture filtrates from 10 campylobacter species were screened for the presence of cytotoxins on a variety of selected tissue culture cell lines. some campylobacter jejuni strains showed no effects on tissue culture cell lines compared with other c. jejuni strains, especially c. jejuni 81116, which consistently produced a cytotoxin that was lethal to tissue culture cells. it was observed that cho cells were the most sensitive cell line in detecting campylobacter cytotoxins. samples containing ... | 2000 | 11054178 |
| complementary metal ion specificity of the metal-citrate transporters citm and cith of bacillus subtilis. | citrate uptake in bacillus subtilis is stimulated by a wide range of divalent metal ions. the metal ions were separated into two groups based on the expression pattern of the uptake system. the two groups correlated with the metal ion specificity of two homologous b. subtilis secondary citrate transporters, citm and cith, upon expression in escherichia coli. citm transported citrate in complex with mg(2+), ni(2+), mn(2+), co(2+), and zn(2+) but not in complex with ca(2+), ba(2+), and sr(2+). cit ... | 2000 | 11053381 |
| [campylobacter jejuni bacteremia in a patient with non hodgkin lymphoma and pneumonia]. | 2000 | 11050828 | |
| strategy for systematic assembly of large rna and dna genomes: transmissible gastroenteritis virus model. | a systematic method was developed to assemble functional full-length genomes of large rna and dna viruses. coronaviruses contain the largest single-stranded positive-polarity rna genome in nature. the approximately 30-kb genome, coupled with regions of genomic instability, has hindered the development of a full-length infectious cdna construct. we have assembled a full-length infectious construct of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), an important pathogen in swine. using a novel approac ... | 2000 | 11044104 |
| milkborne campylobacter infection in hungary. | in april 1998, an annual 2-day animal farm sale was held in hódmezóvásárhely, where 500 to 600 visitors consumed unpasteurized milk. the first signs of disease began 2 days after the end of the sale. fifty-two people from a wide age range fell ill, primarily with inflammatory enteritis. these cases included 34 with campylobacter positivity: 30 with campylobacter jejuni and 4 with campylobacter coli. environmental samples (raw milk, udder swabs, and rectal swabs from 12 cows in the suspected herd ... | 2000 | 11041145 |
| a novel action of the proton pump inhibitor rabeprazole and its thioether derivative against the motility of helicobacter pylori. | the motility of helicobacter pylori was maximum at 37 degrees c and at ph 6. a newly developed proton pump inhibitor, rabeprazole (rpz), and its thioether derivative (rpz-th) markedly inhibited the motility of h. pylori. the concentrations of the drug necessary to inhibit 50% of the motility were 0.25, 16, 16, and >64 microgram/ml for rpz-th, rpz, lansoprazole, and omeprazole, respectively. no such inhibitory effects were observed with h(2) blockers or anti-h. pylori agents. the motilities of ca ... | 2000 | 11036024 |
| role of catalase in campylobacter jejuni intracellular survival. | the ability of campylobacter jejuni to penetrate normally nonphagocytic host cells is believed to be a key virulence determinant. recently, kinetics of c. jejuni intracellular survival have been described and indicate that the bacterium can persist and multiply within epithelial cells and macrophages in vitro. studies conducted by pesci et al. indicate that superoxide dismutase contributes to intraepithelial cell survival, as isogenic sod mutants are 12-fold more sensitive to intracellular killi ... | 2000 | 11035743 |
| molecular cloning and analysis of a putative siderophore abc transporter from staphylococcus aureus. | from a mass-excised staphylococcus aureus lambdazapii expression library, we cloned an operon encoding a novel abc transporter with significant homology to bacterial siderophore transporter systems. the operon encodes four genes designated ssta, -b, -c, and -d encoding two putative cytoplasmic membrane proteins (ssta and sstb), an atpase (sstc), and a membrane-bound 38-kda lipoprotein (sstd). the sst operon is preceded by two putative fur boxes, which indicated that expression of the sst operon ... | 2000 | 11035736 |
| detection and characterization of autoagglutination activity by campylobacter jejuni. | in several gram-negative bacterial pathogens, autoagglutination (aag) activity is a marker for interaction with host cells and virulence. campylobacter jejuni strains also show aag, but this property varies considerably among strains. to examine the characteristics of c. jejuni aag, we developed a quantitative in vitro assay. for strain 81-176, which shows high aag, activity was optimal for cells grown for < or = 24 h, was independent of growth temperature, and was best measured for cells suspen ... | 2000 | 11035721 |
| a 26 kda protein of helicobacter pylori shows alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (ahpc) activity and the mono-cistronic transcription of the gene is affected by ph. | the 26 kda protein of helicobacter pylori, with 67% amino acid identity to alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (ahpc) of campylobacter jejuni, was studied. we wanted to evaluate it the protein has ahpc activity. therefore, an escherichia coli mutant defective for alkyl hydroperoxide reductase and a plasmid expressing the 26 kda protein from h. pylori were used in complementation studies. the complemented e. coli mutant showed a decreased sensitivity to cumene hydroperoxide indicating that the 26 kda p ... | 2000 | 11031120 |
| a bacterial toxin that controls cell cycle progression as a deoxyribonuclease i-like protein. | many bacterial pathogens encode a multisubunit toxin, termed cytolethal distending toxin (cdt), that induces cell cycle arrest, cytoplasm distention, and, eventually, chromatin fragmentation and cell death. in one such pathogen, campylobacter jejuni, one of the subunits of this toxin, cdtb, was shown to exhibit features of type i deoxyribonucleases. transient expression of this subunit in cultured cells caused marked chromatin disruption. microinjection of low amounts of cdtb induced cytoplasmic ... | 2000 | 11030657 |
| escherichia coli dna polymerase iii tau- and gamma-subunit conserved residues required for activity in vivo and in vitro. | the escherichia coli dna polymerase iii tau and gamma subunits are single-strand dna-dependent atpases (the latter requires the delta and delta' subunits for significant atpase activity) involved in loading processivity clamp beta. they are homologous to clamp-loading proteins of many organisms from phages to humans. alignment of 27 prokaryotic tau/gamma homologs and 1 eukaryotic tau/gamma homolog has refined the sequences of nine previously defined identity and functional motifs. mutational ana ... | 2000 | 11029431 |
| regulation of ferritin-mediated cytoplasmic iron storage by the ferric uptake regulator homolog (fur) of helicobacter pylori. | homologs of the ferric uptake regulator fur and the iron storage protein ferritin play a central role in maintaining iron homeostasis in bacteria. the gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori contains an iron-induced prokaryotic ferritin (pfr) which has been shown to be involved in protection against metal toxicity and a fur homolog which has not been functionally characterized in h. pylori. analysis of an isogenic fur-negative mutant revealed that h. pylori fur is required for metal-dependent regul ... | 2000 | 11029412 |
| axonal guillain-barré syndrome: relation to anti-ganglioside antibodies and campylobacter jejuni infection in japan. | to clarify the relations of the axonal form of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) to anti-ganglioside antibodies and campylobacter jejuni infection, 86 consecutive japanese gbs patients were studied. electrodiagnostic criteria showed acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in 36% of the patients and acute motor axonal neuropathy (aman) in 38%. frequent anti-ganglioside antibodies were of the igg class and against gm1 (40%), gd1a (30%), galnac-gd1a (17%), and gd1b (21%). identified infections ... | 2000 | 11026446 |
| multiplex pcr: optimization and application in diagnostic virology. | pcr has revolutionized the field of infectious disease diagnosis. to overcome the inherent disadvantage of cost and to improve the diagnostic capacity of the test, multiplex pcr, a variant of the test in which more than one target sequence is amplified using more than one pair of primers, has been developed. multiplex pcrs to detect viral, bacterial, and/or other infectious agents in one reaction tube have been described. early studies highlighted the obstacles that can jeopardize the production ... | 2000 | 11023957 |
| reactive arthritis: preliminary microbiologic analysis of the human temporomandibular joint. | the presence of chlamydia trachomatis has been previously shown in the temporomandibular joint (tmj). this study investigated whether the presence of other bacteria associated with reactive arthritis (rea) can be identified in the tmj. | 2000 | 11021709 |
| evaluation of the alexon-trend prospect campylobacter microplate assay. | we evaluated stool specimens known to contain or be free of campylobacter by traditional culture, using the prospect campylobacter microplate assay (alexon-trend, ramsey, minn.). this rapid enzyme immunoassay for the detection of campylobacter-specific antigens demonstrated 96% sensitivity and 99% specificity and is an acceptable alternative method of campylobacter detection. | 2000 | 11015419 |
| a probable new helicobacter species isolated from a patient with bacteremia. | a probable new helicobacter species was isolated from the blood of a 14-month-old aboriginal child who presented with vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and dry cough. the most similar 16s rrna gene sequence was that of helicobacter fennelliae ccug 18820(t) but the new sequence differed from it by at least 32 base substitutions and by the presence of a large (353-nucleotide) intervening sequence. | 2000 | 11015417 |
| evaluation of phenotypic and genotypic methods for subtyping campylobacter jejuni isolates from humans, poultry, and cattle. | six methods for subtyping of campylobacter jejuni were compared and evaluated with a collection of 90 isolates from poultry, cattle, and sporadic human clinical cases as well as from a waterborne outbreak. the applied methods were penner heat-stable serotyping; automated ribotyping (riboprinting); random amplified polymorphic dna typing (rapd); pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge); restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the flagellin gene, flaa (fla-rflp); and denaturing gradient gel el ... | 2000 | 11015406 |
| prevalence of enterotoxin genes in aeromonas spp. isolated from children with diarrhea, healthy controls, and the environment. | aeromonads are causative agents of a number of human infections. even though aeromonads have been isolated from patients suffering from diarrhea, their etiological role in gastroenteritis is unclear. in spite of a number of virulence factors produced by aeromonas species, their association with diarrhea has not been clearly linked. recently, we have characterized a heat-labile cytotonic enterotoxin (alt), a heat-stable cytotonic enterotoxin (ast), and a cytotoxic enterotoxin (act) from a diarrhe ... | 2000 | 11015403 |
| evaluation of a pcr primer based on the isocitrate dehydrogenase gene for detection of helicobacter pylori in feces. | in order to improve detection and identification of helicobacter pylori in highly contaminated samples, we evaluated new specific primers based on the dna base sequence within the isocitrate dehydrogenase (icd) gene to amplify a 1,200-bp dna segment. the specificity of the icd primer was tested against dna derived from various bacteria, including 7 helicobacter species and a panel of 1 gram-variable, 2 gram-positive, and 16 gram-negative bacteria, as well as dna from houseflies and feces from h. ... | 2000 | 11015397 |
| helicobacter pylori: clonal population structure and restricted transmission within families revealed by molecular typing. | helicobacter pylori infects up to 50% of the human population worldwide. the infection occurs predominantly in childhood and persists for decades or a lifetime. h. pylori is believed to be transmitted from person to person. however, tremendous genetic diversity has been reported for these bacteria. in order to gain insight into the epidemiological basis of this phenomenon, we performed molecular typing of h. pylori isolates from different families. fifty-nine h. pylori isolates from 27 members o ... | 2000 | 11015377 |
| diarrheagenic escherichia coli and acute and persistent diarrhea in returned travelers. | to determine the role of diarrheagenic escherichia coli in acute and persistent diarrhea in returned travelers, a case control study was performed. enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec) was detected in stool samples from 18 (10.7%) of 169 patients and 4 (3.7%) of 108 controls. enteroaggregative e. coli (eaggec) was detected in 16 (9.5%) patients and 7 (6.5%) controls. diffuse adherent e. coli strains were commonly present in both patients (13%) and controls (13.9). campylobacter and shigella species we ... | 2000 | 11015362 |
| isolation and antibiotic susceptibility of salmonella, shigella, and campylobacter from acute enteric infections in egypt. | while campylobacter, salmonella, and shigella remain major contributors to acute enteric infections, few studies on these pathogens have been conducted in egypt. from january 1986 to december 1993, 869 salmonella, shigella and campylobacter strains were isolated from stool specimens from 6,278 patients, presenting to the abbassia fever hospital, cairo, egypt, with acute enteric infections. salmonella predominated, totalling 465 isolates, followed by shigella with 258 isolates, and campylobacter ... | 2000 | 11014768 |
| identification of enteric pathogens in hiv-positive patients with diarrhoea in northern india. | enteric pathogens associated with chronic diarrhoea in hiv-positive patients were studied. the study was conducted during january 1995-december 1998. stool specimens from all diarrhoea patients (n = 26) were examined microscopically for ova and parasites using wet preparations and stained smears. stool samples from diarrhoea patients were also cultured on appropriate media to isolate enteric bacterial pathogens. of the 59 patients, 26 (44%) had prolonged diarrhoea for more than 4 weeks. enteric ... | 2000 | 11014766 |
| antibodies, directed towards campylobacter jejuni antigens, in sera from poultry abattoir workers. | occupational exposure of susceptible humans to campylobacter jejuni appears to result in resistance to disease. this is believed to be due to acquired protective immunity. to support this hypothesis the levels of c. jejuni-specific igg and igm antibodies were determined in sera from poultry abattoir workers. such individuals are persistently exposed to c. jejuni, but apparently rarely acquire campylobacteriosis. sera from 43 short-term workers (employed < or = 1 month), 78 long-term workers and ... | 2000 | 11012618 |
| mrna detection by reverse transcription-pcr for monitoring viability over time in an enterococcus faecalis viable but nonculturable population maintained in a laboratory microcosm. | the viable but nonculturable (vbnc) state is a survival strategy adopted by bacteria when they are exposed to hostile environmental conditions. it has been shown that vbnc forms of bacteria are no longer capable of growing on conventional bacteriological media but conserve pathogenic factors and/or genes. it is thus necessary to develop methods capable of detecting nonculturable bacteria and of establishing their viability when the microbiological quality of environments is monitored. in this st ... | 2000 | 11010918 |
| application of 5'-nuclease pcr for quantitative detection of listeria monocytogenes in pure cultures, water, skim milk, and unpasteurized whole milk. | pcr techniques have significantly improved the detection and identification of bacterial pathogens. countless adaptations and applications have been described, including quantitative pcr and the latest innovation, real-time pcr. in real-time pcr, e.g., the 5'-nuclease chemistry renders the automated and direct detection and quantification of pcr products possible (p. m. holland et al., proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 88:7276-7280, 1991). we present an assay for the quantitative detection of listeria ... | 2000 | 11010869 |
| determination of the incidence of salmonella spp., campylobacter jejuni, and clostridium perfringens in wild birds near broiler chicken houses by sampling intestinal droppings. | several methods were evaluated for collecting fecal and intestinal samples from wild birds found near broiler chicken houses. a few intestinal samples and cloacal swabs were obtained from european starlings and house sparrows. most of the samples collected consisted of wild bird droppings found on or near the houses. samples were collected from each of four farms of a broiler integrator during a grow-out cycle: a cycle in the summer for farm a, fall for farm b, and spring, summer, fall, and wint ... | 2000 | 11007026 |
| roles of a conserved arginine residue of dsbb in linking protein disulfide-bond-formation pathway to the respiratory chain of escherichia coli. | the active-site cysteines of dsba, the periplasmic disulfide-bond-forming enzyme of escherichia coli, are kept oxidized by the cytoplasmic membrane protein dsbb. dsbb, in turn, is oxidized by two kinds of quinones (ubiquinone for aerobic and menaquinone for anaerobic growth) in the electron-transport chain. we describe the isolation of dsbb missense mutations that change a highly conserved arginine residue at position 48 to histidine or cysteine. in these mutants, dsbb functions reasonably well ... | 2000 | 11005861 |