Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| comparison of three pcr methods for detection of helicobacter pylori dna and detection of caga gene in gastric biopsy specimens. | to comparatively evaluate pcr and other diagnostic methods (the rapid urease test and / or culture) in order to determine which of the three pcr methods (urea, glmm and 26-kda, ssa gene) was most appropriate in the diagnosis of helicobacter pylori (h pylori ) infection and also to evaluate the detection of a putative virulence marker of h pylori, the caga gene, by pcr in biopsy specimens. | 2004 | 15222045 |
| risk factors for campylobacter spp. infection in senegalese broiler-chicken flocks. | our objective was to identify the risk factors for campylobacter infection in senegalese broiler flocks. seventy broiler farms were studied around dakar from january 2000 to december 2001 around dakar. a questionnaire was administered to the farmers, and samples of fresh droppings were taken to assess the flocks' campylobacter status. about 63% of the flocks were infected by campylobacter spp.; campylobacter jejuni was the most-prevalent species (p < 0.05). an elevated risk of campylobacter infe ... | 2004 | 15219966 |
| outbreak of occupational campylobacteriosis associated with a pheasant farm. | a cluster of campylobacteriosis cases occurred at a pheasant farm in rural wyoming during the summer of 2000. this study examined the potential causes of the outbreak. a cohort study of all farm workers was conducted to assess foodborne and occupational exposures at the facility. eight of fifteen workers (53%) became ill, and four were stool-culture positive for campylobacter jejuni. high attack rates were noted among workers who had direct contact with pheasant feces and first-time workers at t ... | 2004 | 15216652 |
| arrayprospector: a web resource of functional associations inferred from microarray expression data. | dna microarray experiments have provided vast amounts of data which can be used for inferring gene function. however, most methods for predicting functional associations between genes from expression data are not suited to simultaneous analysis of multiple datasets, and a comprehensive resource of coexpression-based predictions is currently lacking. here, we present an interactive web resource of gene associations predicted by applying a novel algorithm to all expression data in the stanford mic ... | 2004 | 15215427 |
| carnac: folding families of related rnas. | we present a tool for the prediction of conserved secondary structure elements of a family of homologous non-coding rnas. our method does not require any prior multiple sequence alignment. thus, it successfully applies to datasets with low primary structure similarity. the functionality is demonstrated using three example datasets: sequences of rnase p rnas, ciliate telomerases and enterovirus messenger rnas. carnac has a web server that can be accessed at the url http://bioinfo.lifl.fr/carnac. | 2004 | 15215367 |
| comparative genomics of the methionine metabolism in gram-positive bacteria: a variety of regulatory systems. | regulation of the methionine biosynthesis and transport genes in bacteria is rather diverse and involves two rna-level regulatory systems and at least three dna-level systems. in particular, the methionine metabolism in gram-positive bacteria was known to be controlled by the s-box and t-box mechanisms, both acting on the level of premature termination of transcription. using comparative analysis of genes, operons and regulatory elements, we described the methionine metabolic pathway and the met ... | 2004 | 15215334 |
| pneumocystis jiroveci dihydropteroate synthase polymorphisms confer resistance to sulfadoxine and sulfanilamide in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | failure of anti-pneumocystis jiroveci prophylaxis with sulfa drugs is associated with mutations within the putative active site of the fungal dihydropteroate synthase (dhps), an enzyme encoded by the multidomain fas gene. this enzyme is involved in the essential biosynthesis of folic acid. the most frequent polymorphisms are two mutations leading to two amino acid changes ((55)trp-arg-(57)pro to (55)ala-arg-(57)ser), observed as a single or double mutation in the same p. jiroveci isolate. in the ... | 2004 | 15215117 |
| inter-genomic displacement via lateral gene transfer of bacterial trp operons in an overall context of vertical genealogy. | the growing conviction that lateral gene transfer plays a significant role in prokaryote genealogy opens up a need for comprehensive evaluations of gene-enzyme systems on a case-by-case basis. genes of tryptophan biosynthesis are frequently organized as whole-pathway operons, an attribute that is expected to facilitate multi-gene transfer in a single step. we have asked whether events of lateral gene transfer are sufficient to have obscured our ability to track the vertical genealogy that underp ... | 2004 | 15214963 |
| enteropathogens associated with cases of gastroenteritis in a rural population in jordan. | stool specimens were collected from 180 patients belonging to a population of recently settled bedouins in jordan who presented with acute or persistent diarrhoea and other symptoms, and from 100 non-diarrhoeal controls. all samples were examined for parasites and bacterial pathogens by culture and pcr. bacterial isolates were tested for their susceptibility to common antimicrobial agents. pathogens and potential enteropathogens were identified from 140 (77.8%) of the patients, with more than on ... | 2004 | 15214876 |
| an evaluation of five preservation techniques and conventional freezing temperatures of -20 degrees c and -85 degrees c for long-term preservation of campylobacter jejuni. | this study aimed to identify a simple, inexpensive preservation technique that will allow a quick and reliable recovery of campylobacter jejuni following long-term periods of preservation. | 2004 | 15214730 |
| increased susceptibility of secretor factor gene fut2-null mice to experimental vaginal candidiasis. | fut2-lacz-null mice, which are a model of the human abo and lewis nonsecretor group, display increased susceptibility to experimental yeast vaginitis, indicating a role for alpha(1,2)fucosylated cervical glycans in mucosal defense. however, the lack of significant effect of competitive inhibition by exogenous neoglycoproteins in this study emphasizes the complexity of candida-epithelial cell adhesion events. | 2004 | 15213174 |
| adaptation of campylobacter jejuni nctc11168 to high-level colonization of the avian gastrointestinal tract. | the genome sequence of the human pathogen campylobacter jejuni nctc11168 has been determined recently, but studies on colonization and persistence in chickens have been limited due to reports that this strain is a poor colonizer. experimental colonization and persistence studies were carried out with c. jejuni nctc11168 by using 2-week-old light sussex chickens possessing an acquired natural gut flora. after inoculation, nctc11168 initially colonized the intestine poorly. however, after 5 weeks ... | 2004 | 15213117 |
| computational inference of scenarios for alpha-proteobacterial genome evolution. | the alpha-proteobacteria, from which mitochondria are thought to have originated, display a 10-fold genome size variation and provide an excellent model system for studies of genome size evolution in bacteria. here, we use computational approaches to infer ancestral gene sets and to quantify the flux of genes along the branches of the alpha-proteobacterial species tree. our study reveals massive gene expansions at branches diversifying plant-associated bacteria and extreme losses at branches sep ... | 2004 | 15210995 |
| antimicrobial resistance among campylobacter strains, united states, 1997-2001. | we summarize antimicrobial resistance surveillance data in human and chicken isolates of campylobacter. isolates were from a sentinel county study from 1989 through 1990 and from nine state health departments participating in national antimicrobial resistance monitoring system for enteric bacteria (narms) from 1997 through 2001. none of the 297 c. jejuni or c. coli isolates tested from 1989 through 1990 was ciprofloxacin-resistant. from 1997 through 2001, a total of 1,553 human campylobacter iso ... | 2004 | 15207064 |
| quinolone-resistant campylobacter infections: risk factors and clinical consequences. | we integrated data on quinolone and macrolide susceptibility patterns with epidemiologic and typing data from campylobacter jejuni and c. coli infections in two danish counties. the mean duration of illness was longer for 86 patients with quinolone-resistant c. jejuni infections (median 13.2 days) than for 381 patients with quinolone-sensitive c. jejuni infections (median 10.3 days, p = 0.001). foreign travel, eating fresh poultry other than chicken and turkey, and swimming were associated with ... | 2004 | 15207057 |
| effects of helicobacter pylori on endothelial cell proliferation and chemotaxis. | helicobacter pylori is associated with an increased risk of peptic ulcer disease development and recurrence. ulcer healing is dependent upon angiogenesis, requiring endothelial cell (ec) proliferation and chemotaxis. this study determined whether extracts of h. pylori affected ec proliferation and/or chemotaxis in vitro. | 2004 | 15205568 |
| hutz is required for efficient heme utilization in vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, requires iron for growth. one mechanism by which it acquires iron is the uptake of heme, and several heme utilization genes have been identified in v. cholerae. these include three distinct outer membrane receptors, two tonb systems, and an apparent abc transporter to transfer heme across the inner membrane. however, little is known about the fate of the heme after it enters the cell. in this report we show that a novel heme utilization protein, h ... | 2004 | 15205415 |
| patterns of quinolone susceptibility in campylobacter jejuni associated with different gyra mutations. | to investigate the diversity of genetic mutation in the quinolone resistance-determining region (qrdr) of gyra in clinical isolates and laboratory-derived mutants of campylobacter jejuni resistant to ciprofloxacin (cipr) and to determine the influence of this mutation on the susceptibility of the organisms to different quinolone antibiotics. | 2004 | 15203753 |
| expression of the efflux pump genes cmeb, cmef and the porin gene pora in multiple-antibiotic-resistant campylobacter jejuni. | in escherichia coli, increased expression of efflux pumps and/or decreased expression of porins can confer multiple antibiotic resistance (mar), causing resistance to at least three unrelated classes of antibiotics, detergents and dyes. it was hypothesized that in campylobacter jejuni, the efflux systems cmeabc, cmedef and the major outer membrane porin protein, momp (encoded by pora) could confer mar. | 2004 | 15201231 |
| [preliminary analysis on the proteomic feature of guillain-barré syndrome-associated campylobacter jejuni]. | to search the marker proteins of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs)-associated campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni) by comparing the protein maps of gbs-associated c. jejuni strains with that of non-gbs-associated c. jejuni strains. | 2004 | 15200939 |
| multidrug-resistant salmonella typhimurium infection from milk contaminated after pasteurization. | an outbreak of multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium infections occurred in pennsylvania and new jersey. a case-control study implicated pasteurized milk from a dairy, and an inspection indicated the potential for contamination after pasteurization. dairy cattle are the likely reservoir, and milk may be an important vehicle of salmonella transmission to humans. | 2004 | 15200835 |
| characterization of n-acetylneuraminic acid synthase isoenzyme 1 from campylobacter jejuni. | escherichia coli neunac (n-acetylneuraminic acid) synthase catalyses the condensation of pep (phosphoenolpyruvate) and mannac (n-acetylmannosamine) to form neunac and is encoded by the neub gene. campylobacter jejuni has three neub genes, one of which is very similar to the e. coli neub gene. we have characterized the c. jejuni neuraminic acid synthase with respect to acylamino sugar specificity and stereochemistry of the pep condensation. we determined the specificity of c. jejuni neunac syntha ... | 2004 | 15200387 |
| genotyping of broiler-originated campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates using fla typing and random amplified polymorphic dna methods. | liver and intestine samples taken from 200 broilers at 20 flocks were inoculated onto preston enrichment broth and agar for selective isolation of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. the isolates were identified by both conventional and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) methods. campylobacter spp. were identified in 102 of 400 samples (200 liver and 200 intestine), 57 (14.25%) of which were identified as c. jejuni and 45 (11.25%) as c. coli. pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (r ... | 2004 | 15193806 |
| in vitro inhibitory activity of chinese leek extract against campylobacter species. | three aqueous extracts of dietary materials of chinese leek (leek flower stem, soft leek and green leek) and two other reference extracts of allium plants were used to investigate the antibacterial effects against campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. all the tested strains of campylobacter species were isolated from chickens. the minimum concentration of aqueous leek extracts (ales) required to inhibit the bacterial growth was 2.0 mg/ml. among the plant extracts tested, ales shared the l ... | 2004 | 15193803 |
| polarized fibronectin secretion induced by adenosine regulates bacterial-epithelial interaction in human intestinal epithelial cells. | fibronectin (fn) is a multifunctional protein that plays important roles in many biological processes including cell adhesion and migration, wound healing and inflammation. cellular fns are produced by a wide variety of cell types including epithelial cells, which secrete them and often organize them into extensive extracellular matrices at their basal surface. however, regulation of fn synthesis and the polarity of fn secretion by intestinal epithelial cells have not been investigated. in the p ... | 2004 | 15193149 |
| discerning strain effects in microbial dose-response data. | in order to estimate the risk or probability of adverse events in risk assessment, it is necessary to identify the important variables that contribute to the risk and provide descriptions of distributions of these variables for well-defined populations. one component of modeling dose response that can create uncertainty is the inherent genetic variability among pathogenic bacteria. for many microbial risk assessments, the "default" assumption used for dose response does not account for strain or ... | 2004 | 15192861 |
| diversity in chemotaxis mechanisms among the bacteria and archaea. | the study of chemotaxis describes the cellular processes that control the movement of organisms toward favorable environments. in bacteria and archaea, motility is controlled by a two-component system involving a histidine kinase that senses the environment and a response regulator, a very common type of signal transduction in prokaryotes. most insights into the processes involved have come from studies of escherichia coli over the last three decades. however, in the last 10 years, with the sequ ... | 2004 | 15187186 |
| microarray-based genomic surveying of gene polymorphisms in chlamydia trachomatis. | by comparing two fully sequenced genomes of chlamydia trachomatis using competitive hybridization on dna microarrays, a logarithmic correlation was demonstrated between the signal ratio of the arrays and the 75-99% range of nucleotide identities of the genes. variable genes within 14 uncharacterized strains of c. trachomatis were identified by array analysis and verified by dna sequencing. these genes may be crucial for understanding chlamydial virulence and pathogenesis. | 2004 | 15186493 |
| characterization of erythromycin resistance in campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni isolated from pig offal in new zealand. | to determine the level and mechanism(s) of antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter isolates obtained from human and environmental sources from south canterbury, new zealand. | 2004 | 15186451 |
| evidence for natural horizontal transfer of teto gene between campylobacter jejuni strains in chickens. | the transfer of teto gene conferring resistance to tetracycline was studied between campylobacter jejuni strains, in the digestive tract of chickens. | 2004 | 15186450 |
| antimicrobial resistance among enteric pathogens. | diarrhea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and children worldwide. use of antimicrobial therapy in children with bacterial diarrhea involves consideration of advantages and limitations of use of appropriate agents in the general population and in specific hosts. antimicrobial agents for bacterial diarrhea should be prescribed with an appreciation of limitations including antimicrobial resistance. studies from many countries have reported resistance to campylobacter jejuni, c ... | 2004 | 15185189 |
| the campylobacter jejuni general glycosylation system is important for attachment to human epithelial cells and in the colonization of chicks. | it has recently been shown that the enteropathogen campylobacter jejuni has an n-linked general protein glycosylation pathway (pgl) that modifies many of the organism's proteins. to determine the role of the n-linked general glycosylation in c jejuni, the authors studied the pglh gene, which shows high similarity to a family of sugar transferases. pglh mutants were constructed in strains 81116 and 11168h. both mutants were shown to be deficient in their ability to glycosylate a number of c. jeju ... | 2004 | 15184581 |
| improvement in the detection rate of diarrhoeagenic bacteria in human stool specimens by a rapid real-time pcr assay. | a rapid laboratory system has been developed and evaluated that can simultaneously identify major diarrhoeagenic bacteria, including salmonella enterica, vibrio parahaemolyticus, campylobacter jejuni and shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli, in stool specimens by real-time pcr. specific identification was achieved by using selective taqman probes, detecting two targets in each pathogen. a positive result was scored only when both targets of a pathogen were amplified and the difference between ... | 2004 | 15184531 |
| identification of campylobacter jejuni multilocus sequence type st-21 clonal complex by single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis. | conserved single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) which characterize the allelic profile of the major epidemiological lineage st-21 were identified from the alleles within the current campylobacter jejuni multilocus sequence typing (mlst) database. allelic discrimination assays were designed for the detection of snps, enabling rapid strain profiling for clonal complex st-21. this method is suitable for epidemiological investigations and is complementary to full mlst. | 2004 | 15184486 |
| etiology of sporadic cases of pediatric acute gastroenteritis in asturias, spain, and genotyping and characterization of norovirus strains involved. | from november 2000 to october 2001, a reverse transcription-pcr using primers directed to the norovirus rna polymerase coding region was included in a viral and bacterial routine screening to diagnose sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis among children in asturias, spain. the role of noroviruses (8.6% of the positively diagnosed cases) as the cause of sporadic pediatric gastroenteritis was evaluated with respect to the detection rates of other gastroenteritis-associated viruses and bacteria. ... | 2004 | 15184450 |
| multilocus sequence typing analysis of human and animal clostridium difficile isolates of various toxigenic types. | a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) scheme was developed to study the genetic relationships and population structure of 72 clostridium difficile isolates from various hosts, geographic sources, pcr ribotypes, and toxigenic types (determined by pcr targeting tcda and tcdb genes). mlst was performed by dna sequence analysis of seven housekeeping genes (aroe, ddl, duta, tpi, reca, gmk, and soda). the number of alleles ranged from five (duta and ddl) to eleven (reca). allelic profiles allowed the de ... | 2004 | 15184441 |
| enrichment followed by quantitative pcr both for rapid detection and as a tool for quantitative risk assessment of food-borne thermotolerant campylobacters. | as part of a large international project for standardization of pcr (food-pcr; www.pcr.dk), a multiplex, multiplatform, ready-to-go enrichment followed by a real-time pcr method, including an internal amplification control, was developed for detection of food-borne thermotolerant campylobacters in chickens. chicken rinse samples were enriched in bolton broth for 20 h, a simple and rapid (1-h) resin-based dna extraction was performed, and dna samples were then tested with two instrument platforms ... | 2004 | 15184161 |
| the decrease in flaa observed in a flab mutant of borrelia burgdorferi occurs posttranscriptionally. | the lyme disease bacterium borrelia burgdorferi is a motile spirochete with a flat-wave morphology. the periplasmic flagella, which are situated between the outer membrane sheath and cell cylinder, are essential for both the cell's wavy shape and motility. here we focus on the structure and regulation of its periplasmic flagella. previous studies have suggested that the periplasmic flagella consist of a polymer of the major filament protein flab and a minor protein, flaa. we used immunoprecipita ... | 2004 | 15175283 |
| correlation between invasion of caco-2 eukaryotic cells and colonization ability in the chick gut in campylobacter jejuni. | in an in vitro cell culture model using caco-2 cells the adhesion and invasion properties of 11 campylobacter (c.) jejuni isolates of different origin were studied. additionally, we investigated the colonization ability of the strains in a chick model. virtually, all c. jejuni showed cell adherence in the in vitro assay, but there were large differences in the invasion frequencies among the campylobacter isolates. the colonization ability in the chick gut also differed markedly and enabled the f ... | 2004 | 15172689 |
| the occurrence of campylobacters in water sources in south africa. | campylobacter spp., mainly c. jejuni and c. coli, are recognized as significant human bacterial pathogens, being responsible for increasing numbers of gastroenteritis cases worldwide. several reports have indicated that environmental waters are potential reservoirs and transmitting vehicles for these bacteria. the purpose of this study was thus to examine the occurrence of campylobacters in drinking and environmental water sources of south africa, a country with a warmer climate and higher micro ... | 2004 | 15159162 |
| identification of an oxidative stress-sensitive protein from campylobacter jejuni, homologous to rubredoxin oxidoreductase/rubrerythrin. | an oxidative stress-sensitive protein was found in the microaerophile campylobacter jejuni. a novel 27-kda protein was found to decrease concomitantly with a decrease in viability from either exogenous h(2)o(2) stress or endogenous oxidative stresses in aerobic conditions. sequence analyses revealed that the 27-kda protein was identical to cj0012c in c. jejuni nctc11168 and its deduced 215 amino acid sequence has similarity to two non-heme iron proteins found in other bacteria, rubredoxin oxidor ... | 2004 | 15158262 |
| [a case of chronic inflammatory demyelination polyradiculopathy related to campylobacter jejuni infection in human and animals]. | 2004 | 15157398 | |
| molecular-based identification and typing of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli. | thermophilic campylobacter spp., mainly campylobacter jejuni and to a lesser extent c. coli are recognized as the most common bacteriological causes of gastroenteritis in humans. as enteric infection with campylobacter organisms cannot be distinguished from that caused by other enteric pathogens, a definitive diagnosis can only be made by isolating or detecting the organism from the feces. the epidemiology of campylobacter enteritis has been complicated by the ubiquitous nature of the organism ( ... | 2004 | 15156016 |
| helicobacter pylori activates the early growth response 1 protein in gastric epithelial cells. | the early growth response 1 (egr-1) transcription factor is rapidly induced by various stimuli and is implicated in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and gene expression. the aim of this study was to examine the effect of helicobacter pylori on the expression of egr-1 and egr-1-regulated genes in gastric epithelial ags cells. egr-1 expression was assayed by immunoblotting and electrophoretic mobility shift assays using h. pylori-stimulated ags cells. transient transfection experime ... | 2004 | 15155664 |
| role of flagellin and the two-component chea/chey system of listeria monocytogenes in host cell invasion and virulence. | the flagellum protein flagellin of listeria monocytogenes is encoded by the flaa gene. immediately downstream of flaa, two genes, chey and chea, encoding products with homology to chemotaxis proteins of other bacteria, are located. in this study we constructed deletion mutants with mutations in flaa. chey, and chea to elucidate their role in the biology of infection with l. monocytogenes. the deltachey, deltachea, and double-mutant deltacheya mutants, but not deltaflaa mutant, were motile in liq ... | 2004 | 15155625 |
| the butyrivibrio fibrisolvens tet(w) gene is carried on the novel conjugative transposon tnb1230, which contains duplicated nitroreductase coding sequences. | the butyrivibrio fibrisolvens tet(w) gene is located on the conjugative transposon tnb1230. tnb1230 encodes transfer proteins with 48 to 67% identity to some of those encoded by tn1549. tet(w) is flanked by directly repeated sequences with significant homology to oxygen-insensitive nitroreductases. the 340 nucleotides upstream of tet(w) are strongly conserved and are required for tetracycline resistance. | 2004 | 15150255 |
| interaction of the sliding clamp beta-subunit and hda, a dnaa-related protein. | in escherichia coli, interactions between the replication initiation protein dnaa, the beta subunit of dna polymerase iii (the sliding clamp protein), and hda, the recently identified dnaa-related protein, are required to convert the active atp-bound form of dnaa to an inactive adp-bound form through the accelerated hydrolysis of atp. this rapid hydrolysis of atp is proposed to be the main mechanism that blocks multiple initiations during cell cycle and acts as a molecular switch from initiation ... | 2004 | 15150238 |
| differential gene expression in response to hydrogen peroxide and the putative perr regulon of synechocystis sp. strain pcc 6803. | we utilized a full genome cdna microarray to identify the genes that comprise the peroxide stimulon in the cyanobacterium synechocystis sp. strain pcc 6803. we determined that a gene (slr1738) encoding a protein similar to perr in bacillus subtilis was induced by peroxide. we constructed a perr knockout strain and used it to help identify components of the perr regulon, and we found that the regulatory properties were consistent with the hypothesis that perr functions as a repressor. this effort ... | 2004 | 15150218 |
| secretion of virulence proteins from campylobacter jejuni is dependent on a functional flagellar export apparatus. | campylobacter jejuni, a gram-negative motile bacterium, secretes a set of proteins termed the campylobacter invasion antigens (cia proteins). the purpose of this study was to determine whether the flagellar apparatus serves as the export apparatus for the cia proteins. mutations were generated in five genes encoding three structural components of the flagella, the flagellar basal body (flgb and flgc), hook (flge2), and filament (flaa and flab) genes, as well as in genes whose products are essent ... | 2004 | 15150214 |
| multi-pathogens sequence containing plasmids as positive controls for universal detection of potential agents of bioterrorism. | the limited circulation of many of the agents that are likely to be used in a bioterrorism attack precludes the ready availability of positive controls. this means that only specialized laboratories can screen for the presence of these agents by nucleic amplification assays. calibrated controls are also necessary for quantitative measurements. primers and probes to be used in both conventional and real-time pcr assays were designed for the detection of agents likely to be used by a bioterrorist. ... | 2004 | 15147587 |
| microbial contamination of drinking water and disease outcomes in developing regions. | drinking water is a major source of microbial pathogens in developing regions, although poor sanitation and food sources are integral to enteric pathogen exposure. gastrointestinal disease outcomes are also more severe, due to under-nutrition and lack of intervention strategies in these regions. poor water quality, sanitation and hygiene account for some 1.7 million deaths a year world-wide (3.1% of all deaths and 3.7% of all daly's), mainly through infectious diarrhoea. nine out of 10 such deat ... | 2004 | 15138046 |
| campylobacter infection in 682 bulgarian patients with acute enterocolitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and other chronic intestinal diseases. | the aim of the study was to assess campylobacter infections in 309 patients with acute enterocolitis, 272 patients with relapses of chronic enterocolitis, 70 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (involving crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) and 31 patients with other chronic intestinal illnesses. isolation and identification were performed conventionally. limited agar dilution method was used for susceptibility testing of the strains. campylobacter species were isolated in patients with ... | 2004 | 15135505 |
| fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacter in animal reservoirs: dynamics of development, resistance mechanisms and ecological fitness. | thermophilic campylobacter species, including campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli, are responsible for foodborne campylobacteriosis in humans and are increasingly resistant to fluoroquinolone (fq) antimicrobials. the therapeutic use of fq antimicrobial agents in food animal production, particularly in poultry, has become a concern for public health, because the practice may promote the emergence of fq-resistant campylobacter that can be transmitted to humans through the food chain. recen ... | 2003 | 15134291 |
| use of the omp50 gene for identification of campylobacter species by pcr. | we studied the prevalence of the omp50 gene and the omp50 protein in campylobacter strains. immunodetection assays and dna-dna hybridizations showed that most c. coli strains tested were negative and most c. jejuni and c. lari strains tested were positive. a pcr assay was developed, using the omp50 gene as a species-specific target. we propose a combination of a hippurate test and an omp50 assay to perform identification of campylobacter species. | 2004 | 15131219 |
| longitudinal study of the excretion patterns of thermophilic campylobacter spp. in young pet dogs in denmark. | the campylobacter excretion patterns of 26 domestic pet dogs were described in a longitudinal study. the dogs entered the study between 3 and 8 months of age and were monitored until 2 years of age. they were tested monthly for campylobacter carriage in stool samples that were cultured on the campylobacter-selective media cat and modified ccda agar at 37 and 42 degrees c. this study comprised 366 fecal swab samples, of which 278 (76.2%) were found to be campylobacter positive, with the following ... | 2004 | 15131162 |
| inactivation of campylobacter jejuni by high hydrostatic pressure. | to investigate the response of campylobacter jejuni atcc 35919 and 35921 to high pressure processing (hpp) while suspended in microbiological media and various food systems. | 2004 | 15130147 |
| gastrointestinal health. the role of pro- and pre-biotics in standard foods. | diarrhoea is a common symptom of gastrointestinal illness, ranking among the 20 most frequent reasons for patient encounters in general practice in australia. children under 5 years of age are especially vulnerable to bacterial gastroenteritis such as infections with campylobacter jejuni. everyday diet, in particular the regular consumption of pro- and pre-biotics, can help with the maintenance of a healthy gastrointestinal system. | 2004 | 15129471 |
| molecular characterization of class 1 integrons from irish thermophilic campylobacter spp. | in this study a large random collection (n = 378) of irish thermophilic campylobacter isolates were investigated for the presence of integrons, genetic elements associated with the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance. | 2004 | 15128721 |
| prolinks: a database of protein functional linkages derived from coevolution. | the advent of whole-genome sequencing has led to methods that infer protein function and linkages. we have combined four such algorithms (phylogenetic profile, rosetta stone, gene neighbor and gene cluster) in a single database--prolinks--that spans 83 organisms and includes 10 million high-confidence links. the proteome navigator tool allows users to browse predicted linkage networks interactively, providing accompanying annotation from public databases. the prolinks database and the proteome n ... | 2004 | 15128449 |
| sirtuins: sir2-related nad-dependent protein deacetylases. | silent information regulator 2 (sir2) proteins, or sirtuins, are protein deacetylases dependent on nicotine adenine dinucleotide (nad) and are found in organisms ranging from bacteria to humans. in eukaryotes, sirtuins regulate transcriptional repression, recombination, the cell-division cycle, microtubule organization, and cellular responses to dna-damaging agents. sirtuins have also been implicated in regulating the molecular mechanisms of aging. the sir2 catalytic domain, which is shared amon ... | 2004 | 15128440 |
| characterization of monospecies biofilm formation by helicobacter pylori. | as all bacteria studied to date, the gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori has an alternate lifestyle as a biofilm. h. pylori forms biofilms on glass surfaces at the air-liquid interface in stationary or shaking batch cultures. by light microscopy, we have observed attachment of individual, spiral h. pylori to glass surfaces, followed by division to form microcolonies, merging of individual microcolonies, and growth in the third dimension. scanning electron micrographs showed h. pylori arranged i ... | 2004 | 15126474 |
| assembly of the mexab-oprm multidrug efflux system of pseudomonas aeruginosa: identification and characterization of mutations in mexa compromising mexa multimerization and interaction with mexb. | the membrane fusion protein (mfp) component, mexa, of the mexab-oprm multidrug efflux system of p. aeruginosa is proposed to link the inner (mexb) and outer (oprm) membrane components of this pump as a probable oligomer. a cross-linking approach confirmed the in vivo interaction of mexa and mexb, while a lexa-based assay for assessing protein-protein interaction similarly confirmed mexa multimerization. mutations compromising the mexa contribution to antibiotic resistance but yielding wild-type ... | 2004 | 15126457 |
| acute anterior uveitis in association with an outbreak of campylobacter jejuni infection. | we report a case of acute anterior uveitis (aau) in association with an outbreak of campylobacter jejuni infection, with the first estimation of the incidence of aau triggered by campylobacter, and discuss reactive ophthalmological complications (aau, iritis, and conjunctivitis) attributable to campylobacter. | 2004 | 15124945 |
| helicobacter pylori interacts with the human single-domain trefoil protein tff1. | why helicobacter pylori colonizes only gastric tissue is unknown. it is found on gastric mucus-secreting cells and in the overlying gastric mucus but not deep in gastric glands. this localization mirrors the expression of trefoil factor 1, tff1. we hypothesized that h. pylori interacting with tff1 could explain the tropism of this bacteria for gastric tissue. recombinant human tff1 expressed in escherichia coli was purified by affinity chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtrat ... | 2004 | 15123808 |
| antimicrobial activity of copper surfaces against suspensions of salmonella enterica and campylobacter jejuni. | salmonella enterica and campylobacter jejuni are amongst the more prevalent bacterial pathogens that cause foodborne diseases. these microorganisms are common contaminants of poultry and poultry products. this study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of metallic copper surfaces on these important enteropathogens, and to determine the potential acquisition of copper by food exposed to this metal. | 2004 | 15119960 |
| diarrhoea in elderly people: aetiology, and clinical characteristics. | we examined the characteristics of elderly people attending the dhaka hospital of icddr,b. the hospital has a diarrhoeal disease surveillance system that enrols a 2% systematic sample of all patients visiting the hospital. we reviewed data of all patients enrolled into the surveillance system (n = 13,782) over the period 1996-2001 to identify patients aged 60 y and above for inclusion into the current study (4% of all surveillance patients; n = 478). v. cholerae o1 was the most common enteric pa ... | 2004 | 15119366 |
| influence of bird strain on competitive exclusion of campylobacter jejuni in young chicks. | 1. newly hatched chicks of either layer or broiler strain were treated orally at regular intervals with either homologous or heterologous gut-flora preparations from young donor birds, in an attempt to prevent subsequent colonisation with campylobacter jejuni by 'competitive exclusion' (ce). 2. donors of 3 to 10 d of age were chosen to correspond with the period in which intensively reared poultry are least likely to become colonised with campylobacter. 3. in two separate trials, material from d ... | 2004 | 15115200 |
| sigi: score-based identification of genomic islands. | genomic islands can be observed in many microbial genomes. these stretches of dna have a conspicuous composition with regard to sequence or encoded functions. genomic islands are assumed to be frequently acquired via horizontal gene transfer. for the analysis of genome structure and the study of horizontal gene transfer, it is necessary to reliably identify and characterize these islands. | 2004 | 15113412 |
| infection with campylobacter jejuni induces tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins into int-407 cells. | the mechanisms used by campylobacter jejuni to induce internalization into host intestinal epithelial cells have not been defined. in this study, we obtained evidence that exposure of int-407 cells to protein kinase inhibitors results in decreased invasion of these cells by c. jejuni in a dose dependent manner. preincubation of int-407 cells in the presence of staurosporine, tyrphostin 46 and genistein decreased invasion of these cells by c. jejuni significantly. moreover, c. jejuni infection of ... | 2004 | 15107531 |
| the prokaryotic selenoproteome. | in the genetic code, the uga codon has a dual function as it encodes selenocysteine (sec) and serves as a stop signal. however, only the translation terminator function is used in gene annotation programs, resulting in misannotation of selenoprotein genes. here, we applied two independent bioinformatics approaches to characterize a selenoprotein set in prokaryotic genomes. one method searched for selenoprotein genes by identifying rna stem-loop structures, selenocysteine insertion sequence eleme ... | 2004 | 15105824 |
| chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy after campylobacter jejuni infection mimicking vasculitic mononeuritis multiplex in a diabetic. | chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (cidp) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder. recent reports suggest that cidp could be more frequent in diabetics. we report here a case of cidp presenting as mononeuritis multiplex with accompanying cranial nerve involvement in an insulin-dependent diabetic who presented a preceding campylobacter jejuni infection and misleading skin lesions. treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins was successful. this case suggests that cidp should be consi ... | 2004 | 15104697 |
| partial analysis of the genomes of two nontypeable haemophilus influenzae otitis media isolates. | in 1995, the institute for genomic research completed the genomic sequence of a rough derivative of haemophilus influenzae serotype d, strain kw20. this sequence, though extremely useful in understanding the basic biology of h. influenzae, has yet to provide significant insight into our understanding of disease caused by nontypeable h. influenzae (nthi), because serotype d strains are not generally pathogens. in contrast, nthi strains are frequently mucosal pathogens and are the primary pathogen ... | 2004 | 15102813 |
| in vitro and in vivo characterization of helicobacter hepaticus cytolethal distending toxin mutants. | helicobacter hepaticus expresses a member of the cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) family of bacterial cytotoxins. to investigate the role of cdt in the pathogenesis of h. hepaticus, transposon mutagenesis was used to generate a series of isogenic mutants in and around the cdtabc gene cluster. an h. hepaticus transposon mutant with a disrupted cdtabc coding region no longer produced cdt activity. conversely, a transposon insertion outside of the cluster did not affect the cdt activity. an examin ... | 2004 | 15102759 |
| involvement of lipoprotein nlpi in the virulence of adherent invasive escherichia coli strain lf82 isolated from a patient with crohn's disease. | escherichia coli strain lf82 recovered from a chronic lesion of a patient with crohn's disease (cd) is able to adhere to and invade cultured intestinal epithelial cells and to replicate within macrophages. one mutant selected for its impaired ability to invade epithelial cells had an insertion of a tn phoa transposon within the nlpi gene encoding the lipoprotein nlpi. a nlpi-negative isogenic mutant showed a 35-fold decrease in its ability to adhere to and a 45-fold decrease in its ability to in ... | 2004 | 15102755 |
| detection of preceding campylobacter jejuni infection by polymerase chain reaction in patients with guillain-barré syndrome. | based on culture and serological evidence, a strong association between campylobacter jejuni infection and gullain-barré syndrome (gbs) has been established. however, culture underestimates c. jejuni infection in gbs and the specificity of serology remains uncertain. thus, a direct sensitive detection method for recent c. jejuni infection is required. we used the pcr technique in gbs patients to assess its role in the diagnosis of c. jejuni infection. from june 2001 to march 2003, stool specimen ... | 2004 | 15099989 |
| prokaryotic glycoproteins: unexplored but important. | 2004 | 15090489 | |
| immunoproliferative small intestinal disease associated with campylobacter jejuni. | 2004 | 15084705 | |
| hla-b27-associated reactive arthritis: pathogenetic and clinical considerations. | current evidence supports the concept that reactive arthritis (rea) is an immune-mediated synovitis resulting from slow bacterial infections and showing intra-articular persistence of viable, non-culturable bacteria and/or immunogenetic bacterial antigens synthesized by metabolically active bacteria residing in the joint and/or elsewhere in the body. the mechanisms that lead to the development of rea are complex and basically involve an interaction between an arthritogenic agent and a predispose ... | 2004 | 15084505 |
| functional polymorphisms in lps receptors cd14 and tlr4 are not associated with disease susceptibility or campylobacter jejuni infection in guillain-barré patients. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) is an acute immune-mediated polyneuropathy preceded by infections. campylobacter jejuni is the most frequent pathogen and its lipopolysaccharide (lps) induces antibodies cross-reactive with gangliosides. in this study we assessed whether known functional polymorphisms in the lps receptors cd14 and toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4) are associated with an increased susceptibility for gbs or with c. jejuni serology or c. jejuni related clinical and serological features. comp ... | 2004 | 15081257 |
| domestically acquired campylobacter infections in finland. | campylobacter jejuni isolates (n = 533) from domestic cases diagnosed in finland during a 3-month peak period were studied. the highest rate was observed among those 70-74 years of age. domestic c. jejuni isolates were especially frequent in the eastern districts. six serotypes covered 61% of all c. jejuni isolates. | 2004 | 15078608 |
| escherichia coli producing ctx-m-2 beta-lactamase in cattle, japan. | from november 2000 to june 2001, escherichia coli strains producing ctx-m-2 beta-lactamase were isolated from 6 (1.5%) of 396 cattle fecal samples and 2 (0.7%) of 270 surface swabs of cattle carcasses in japan. the blactx-m-2 gene responsible for ctx-m-2 production was encoded on transferable plasmids, and the gene was transferred to e. coli csh2 with a very high frequency (2 x 10(-4) to 6 x 10(-1) per donor cells) by conjugation. random amplified polymorphic dna analysis of nine isolates showed ... | 2004 | 15078599 |
| analysis of gyra mutations in quinolone-resistant and -susceptible campylobacter jejuni isolates from retail poultry and human clinical isolates by non-radioactive single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and dna sequencing. | the aims of this study were to characterize the molecular variations in the quinolone resistance-determining region (qrdr) of gyra among quinolone-resistant and -susceptible campylobacter jejuni isolates originating from foods of animal origin and human infections and to evaluate the suitability of the single-strand conformation polymorphism (sscp) method as a screening method for molecular characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance. | 2004 | 15078520 |
| salmonella typhi encodes a functional cytolethal distending toxin that is delivered into host cells by a bacterial-internalization pathway. | many bacterial pathogens encode the cytolethal distending toxin (cdt), which causes host cells to arrest during their cell cycle by inflicting dna damage. cdt is composed of three proteins, cdta, cdtb, and cdtc. cdtb is the enzymatically active or a subunit, which possesses dnase i-like activity, whereas cdta and cdtc function as heteromeric b subunits that mediate the delivery of cdtb into host cells. we show here that salmonella enterica serovar typhi encodes cdt activity, which depends on the ... | 2004 | 15070766 |
| gene prediction using the self-organizing map: automatic generation of multiple gene models. | many current gene prediction methods use only one model to represent protein-coding regions in a genome, and so are less likely to predict the location of genes that have an atypical sequence composition. it is likely that future improvements in gene finding will involve the development of methods that can adequately deal with intra-genomic compositional variation. | 2004 | 15070404 |
| direct quantification of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter lanienae in feces of cattle by real-time quantitative pcr. | campylobacter species are fastidious to culture, and the ability to directly quantify biomass in microbiologically complex substrates using real-time quantitative (rtq) pcr may enhance our understanding of their biology and facilitate the development of efficacious mitigation strategies. this study reports the use of nested rtq-pcr to directly quantify campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter lanienae in cattle feces. for c. jejuni, the single-copy mapa gene was selected. for c. lanienae, the thre ... | 2004 | 15066825 |
| identification of campylobacter jejuni genes involved in commensal colonization of the chick gastrointestinal tract. | campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans in developed countries throughout the world. this bacterium frequently promotes a commensal lifestyle in the gastrointestinal tracts of many animals including birds and consumption or handling of poultry meats is a prevalent source of c. jejuni for infection in humans. to understand how the bacterium promotes commensalism, we used signature-tagged transposon mutagenesis and identified 29 mutants representing 22 diff ... | 2004 | 15066034 |
| fundamental structural units of the escherichia coli nucleoid revealed by atomic force microscopy. | a small container of several to a few hundred microm3 (i.e. bacterial cells and eukaryotic nuclei) contains extremely long genomic dna (i.e. mm and m long, respectively) in a highly organized fashion. to understand how such genomic architecture could be achieved, escherichia coli nucleoids were subjected to structural analyses under atomic force microscopy, and found to change their structure dynamically during cell growth, i.e. the nucleoid structure in the stationary phase was more tightly com ... | 2004 | 15060178 |
| the helicobacter pylori flaa1 and wbpb genes control lipopolysaccharide and flagellum synthesis and function. | flaa1 and wbpb are conserved genes with unknown biological function in helicobacter pylori. since both genes are predicted to be involved in lipopolysaccharide (lps) biosynthesis, flagellum assembly, or protein glycosylation, they could play an important role in the pathogenesis of h. pylori. to determine their biological role, both genes were disrupted in strain nctc 11637. both mutants exhibited altered lps, with loss of most o-antigen and core modification, and increased sensitivity to sodium ... | 2004 | 15060026 |
| molecular cloning, nucleotide sequencing and characterization of the flagellin gene from isolates of urease-positive thermophilic campylobacter. | a primer pair which was expected to generate an amplicon of the estimated size (approximately 1700 base pair (bp)) of the flaa gene for campylobacter jejuni amplified products of approximately 1450 bp for 33 of the 44 isolates of urease-positive thermophilic campylobacter (uptc). the primer pair, however, failed to amplify fragments for 11 isolates of uptc, for all of the 12 isolates of urease-negative c. lari and for one isolate of c. coli. nevertheless, it successfully amplified fragments of a ... | 2004 | 15059631 |
| comparative genomics of gene-family size in closely related bacteria. | the wealth of genomic data in bacteria is helping microbiologists understand the factors involved in gene innovation. among these, the expansion and reduction of gene families appears to have a fundamental role in this, but the factors influencing gene family size are unclear. | 2004 | 15059260 |
| does whipworm increase the pathogenicity of campylobacter jejuni? a clinical correlate of an experimental observation. | campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of acute diarrhea worldwide, usually mild and self-limiting. no adequate hypothesis has yet been formulated to explain why in an otherwise healthy host this infection is occasionally severe. in a pig model, c jejuni has been shown to be pathogenic only in the presence of swine whipworm. a human case of life-threatening c jejuni colitis leading to toxic megacolon and acute renal failure, associated with concomitant whipworm (trichuris suis) ova in the feces ... | 2004 | 15054492 |
| development of a multiplex microarray microsystem. | a hybrid multiplex microarray microsystem has been developed that consists of 32 individually addressable array reaction chambers, supporting the use of multichannel pipettes for addition of up to 8 samples simultaneously. discrimination between campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli bacteria was observed in dna samples containing campylobacter spp., with the same specificity and sensitivity as when compared to a full-size microarray. the spinloaded multiplex microarray microsystem describe ... | 2004 | 15052357 |
| brain response to cecal infection with campylobacter jejuni: analysis with fos immunohistochemistry. | infections with bacterial pathogens can induce increased anxiety-like behaviors in rodents without otherwise noticeable behavioral or physiological symptoms of sickness, as shown with the food-borne pathogen campylobacter jejuni. this observation implicates the ability of the brain to sense, and respond to, such an infection. we tested our hypothesis that intestinal infection with the gram-negative bacterium c. jejuni leads to activation of certain brain regions that process gastro-intestinal se ... | 2004 | 15050651 |
| specific and common alterations in host gene transcript accumulation following infection of the chestnut blight fungus by mild and severe hypoviruses. | we report the use of a cdna microarray to monitor global transcriptional responses of the chestnut blight fungus, cryphonectria parasitica, to infection by mild and severe isolates of virulence-attenuating hypoviruses that share 87 to 93% and 90 to 98% identity at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. infection by the mild hypovirus isolate chv1-euro7 resulted in differential expression of 166 of the ca. 2,200 genes represented on the microarray (90 upregulated and 76 downregulated ... | 2004 | 15047830 |
| resistotyping of campylobacter jejuni. | the principal objective of typing in epidemiology is to trace a strain as it passes from one individual to another. resistotyping is a phenotypic method that consists of testing bacterial strains against a set of arbitrarily chosen chemical agents, whereby, a resistance pattern that is characteristic of a strain is generated and, is believed to describe the isolates for epidemiological purposes. this simple typing system is described for campylobacter isolated in lagos, nigeria. resistotyping wa ... | 2003 | 15045011 |
| regulatory regions and critical residues of nod2 involved in muramyl dipeptide recognition. | multiple genetic variants of card15/nod2 have been associated with susceptibility to crohn's disease and blau syndrome. nod2 recognizes muramyl dipeptide (mdp) derived from bacterial peptidoglycan (pgn), but the molecular basis of recognition remains elusive. we performed systematic mutational analysis to gain insights into the function of nod2 and molecular mechanisms of disease susceptibility. using an archive of 519 mutations covering approximately 50% of the amino-acid residues of nod2, the ... | 2004 | 15044951 |
| molecular evolution of hisb genes. | the sixth and eighth steps of histidine biosynthesis are catalyzed by an imidazole glycerol-phosphate (igp) dehydratase (ec 4.2.1.19) and by a histidinol-phosphate (hol-p) phosphatase (ec 3.1.3.15), respectively. in the enterobacteria, in campylobacter jejuni and in xylella/xanthomonas the two activities are associated with a single bifunctional polypeptide encoded by hisb. on the other hand, in archaea, eucarya, and most bacteria the two activities are encoded by two separate genes. in this wor ... | 2004 | 15042344 |
| the iron-sulfur cluster assembly genes iscs and iscu of entamoeba histolytica were acquired by horizontal gene transfer. | iron-sulfur (fes) proteins are present in all living organisms and play important roles in electron transport and metalloenzyme catalysis. the maturation of fes proteins in eukaryotes is an essential function of mitochondria, but little is known about this process in amitochondriate eukaryotes. here we report on the identification and analysis of two genes encoding critical fes cluster (isc) biosynthetic proteins from the amitochondriate human pathogen entamoeba histolytica. | 2004 | 15040816 |
| a deep-rough mutant of campylobacter jejuni 81-176 is noninvasive for intestinal epithelial cells. | a waaf mutant of campylobacter jejuni 81-176 showed decreased invasion of int407 cells in vitro and increased sensitivity to some antibiotics compared to what was seen with the wild-type strain. | 2004 | 15039381 |
| normally occurring human anti-gm1 immunoglobulin m antibodies and the immune response to bacteria. | anti-gm(1) antibodies of the immunoglobulin m (igm) isotype are normal components of the antibody repertoire of adult human serum. using a sensitive high-performance thin-layer chromatography (hptlc) immunostaining assay, we found that these antibodies were absent in the umbilical vein and children <1 month of age but could be detected after 1 month of age. although most of the children older than 6 months of age were positive, there were still a few negative children. the appearance of anti-gm( ... | 2004 | 15039337 |