Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| quantitative detection of legionella pneumophila in water samples by immunomagnetic purification and real-time pcr amplification of the dota gene. | a new real-time pcr assay was developed and validated in combination with an immunomagnetic separation system for the quantitative determination of legionella pneumophila in water samples. primers that amplify simultaneously an 80-bp fragment of the dota gene from l. pneumophila and a recombinant fragment including a specific sequence of the gyrb gene from aeromonas hydrophila, added as an internal positive control, were used. the specificity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, repetit ... | 2005 | 16000746 |
| campylobacter jejuni inhibits the absorptive transport functions of caco-2 cells and disrupts cellular tight junctions. | caco-2 cells are models of absorptive enterocytes. the net transport of fluid from apical to basolateral surfaces results in 'domes' forming in differentiated monolayers. here, the effect of campylobacter jejuni on this process has been examined. c. jejuni caused no changes in short-circuit current upon infection of caco-2 cell monolayers in ussing chambers. thus, no active secretory events could be demonstrated using this model. it was therefore hypothesized that c. jejuni could inhibit the abs ... | 2005 | 16000735 |
| genetic divergence of campylobacter fetus strains of mammal and reptile origins. | campylobacter fetus is a gram-negative bacterial pathogen of both humans and animals. two subspecies have been identified, campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus and campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis, and there are two serotypes, a and b. to further investigate the genetic diversity among c. fetus strains of different origins, subspecies, and serotypes, we performed multiple genetic analyses by utilizing random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), and d ... | 2005 | 16000457 |
| campylobacter spp. in dogs and cats in switzerland: risk factor analysis and molecular characterization with aflp. | a 1-year cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence, risk factors for carriage, and genetic diversity of campylobacter spp. in healthy dogs and cats in switzerland. veterinary practitioners collected samples from 1268 animals (all ages) presented for vaccination. the prevalence of campylobacter spp. in 634 dogs and 596 cats that were eligible for the study was 41.2% (confidence interval 95%: 37.3-45.1%) and 41.9% (ci 95%: 37.9-46%), respectively. risk factors identified fo ... | 2005 | 16000114 |
| detection of campylobacter jejuni in naturally contaminated chicken skin by melting peak analysis of amplicons in real-time pcr. | contamination of poultry by campylobacter spp. is a significant source of human diarrheal diseases. traditional methods currently used to detect campylobacter in foods are time-consuming and labor-intensive. in this study, primers designed for the campylobacter jejuni cadf gene sequence were used in a sybr green i real-time pcr assay as an alternative to a conventional bacteriological method for the rapid detection of c. jejuni from poultry. twelve portions of chicken purchased from two local gr ... | 2005 | 15996780 |
| in vitro activity of telithromycin against gram-negative bacterial pathogens. | to investigate the in vitro activity of the ketolide anti-bacterial telithromycin against a range of commensal bacteria and common aerobic gram-negative respiratory and non-respiratory pathogens. | 2006 | 15996744 |
| gene transfer and genome plasticity in thermotoga maritima, a model hyperthermophilic species. | the genome sequence of the hyperthermophilic bacterium thermotoga maritima msb8 presents evidence for lateral gene transfer events between bacterial and archaeal species. to estimate the extent of genomic diversity across the order thermotogales, a comparative genomic hybridization study was initiated to compare nine thermotoga strains to the sequenced t. maritima msb8. many differences could be associated with substrate utilization patterns, which are most likely a reflection of the environment ... | 2005 | 15995209 |
| antibodies induced by ganglioside-mimicking campylobacter jejuni lipooligosaccharides recognise epitopes at the nodes of ranvier. | molecular mimicry of gangliosides by campylobacter jejuni lipooligosaccharides (loss) in the induction of anti-ganglioside antibodies has been hypothesised to contribute to gbs development. rabbits were immunised with ganglioside-mimicking c. jejuni loss and anti-los responses were analysed using passive haemagglutination, and anti-ganglioside responses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and thin-layer chromatography with immunostaining. high titres of anti-los antibodies were demonstrated in ... | 2005 | 15993494 |
| further characterization of campylobacter isolated from u.s. dairy cows. | the objective of the present study was to compare polymerase chain reaction (pcr) identification with ribotype results and to use pulsed field electrophoresis (pfge) to correlate genotypic patterns with antibiotic resistance of campylobacter isolated from lactating dairy cows in the united states. thirty isolates were studied. twenty-seven of the isolates were identified by pcr as campylobacter jejuni and three were identified as campylobacter coli. genotypic patterns of 15 isolates were determi ... | 2005 | 15992313 |
| detection of campylobacter jejuni in dairy farm environmental samples using sybr green real-time polymerase chain reaction. | the aim of this study was to evaluate a sybr green based real-time pcr assay using well-characterized primers to detect campylobacter jejuni in naturally contaminated dairy farm environmental samples. specificity of the assay was determined with 62 c. jejuni strains and 120 non-c. jejuni strains. peak melting temperature obtained with melting curves specific for c. jejuni was 77.5 degrees c. standard curves were constructed using mean threshold cycle (c(t)) and various concentrations of c. jejun ... | 2005 | 15992311 |
| occurrence of campylobacter spp. in cecal contents among commercial broilers in iceland. | campylobacter jejuni remains the most frequently reported bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis in nordic countries. the primary source of transmission to humans is suggested as mishandled raw poultry or consuming improperly prepared chicken. the focus of this report was to characterize the prevalence and cell numbers of the organism within the commercial icelandic poultry industry. commercial broiler flocks were sampled from may 2001 through 2003 in a total population study. at the slaughter ... | 2005 | 15992302 |
| molecular typing of campylobacter strains using the cmp gene encoding the major outer membrane protein. | thermophilic campylobacter, particularly campylobacter jejuni, is one of the major foodborne human pathogens of animal origin. reliable and sensitive typing tools are required for understanding the epidemiology and ecology of this zoonotic bacteria agent. currently, several molecular typing methods are available for differentiating campylobacter strains, but each of them has limitations. our previous study revealed that considerable sequence polymorphism exists in the cmp gene encoding the major ... | 2005 | 15992295 |
| potential virulence and antimicrobial susceptibility of campylobacter jejuni isolates from food and companion animals. | infection in humans with campylobacter jejuni is commonly associated with exposure to food animal fecal material. in this study, we report on the recovery, potential for virulence and antimicrobial resistance levels of c. jejuni isolated from food and companion animals. three hundred and seventy-eight fecal samples from food and companion animals and surface swabs from beef carcasses were tested for the presence of c. jejuni. c. jejuni was isolated from 13.8% (11/80) of dogs, 5% (1/20) of goats, ... | 2004 | 15992284 |
| problems in isolation of campylobacter jejuni from frozen-stored raw milk and bovine fecal samples: genetic confirmation using multiplex pcr. | the objectives of this study were to evaluate the use of various protocols for the isolation of campylobacter jejuni from bulk tank milk and bovine fecal samples that were stored frozen for varying times, and to develop a rapid dna-based protocol that distinguishes c. jejuni from other thermophilic campylobacter spp. the pathogen was recovered from fecal samples that had been stored for 96-251 days at -20 degrees c with glycerol as the cryopreservative. in a separate study, c. jejuni-positive bo ... | 2004 | 15992276 |
| detection of sorbitol-negative and sorbitol-positive shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, campylobacter jejuni, and salmonella spp. in dairy farm environmental samples. | six visits were conducted to four dairy farms to collect swab, liquid, and solid dairy farm environmental samples (165 to 180/farm; 15 sample types). the objective of the study was to determine on-farm sources of campylobacter jejuni, salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes, and shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec), which might serve as reservoirs for transmission of pathogens. samples were analyzed using mostly u.s. food and drug administration's bacteriological analytical manual proto ... | 2004 | 15992268 |
| campylobacter vaccine development:a key to controlling enteric diseases. | worldwide, campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of diarrhoea and dysentery, with approximately 400 million cases occurring annually. control of the disease through public health and antibiotic measures is insufficient, and vaccination offers the most promising solution. infection produces immunity from disease, suggesting that vaccination may produce similar protection. epidemiological data suggest that there are conserved antigens among serotypes; immunity against which protects against diseas ... | 1999 | 15992066 |
| campylobacter jejuni isolated from retail poultry meat, bovine feces and bile, and human diarrheal samples in japan: comparison of serotypes and genotypes. | to determine the significance of poultry and bovine as infectious sources of campylobacter jejuni in japan, the serotype distribution and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) patterns of poultry and bovine isolates were compared with those of isolates from patients with diarrhea in akita (japan). serotypes o:2 and o:4-complex were common in human, poultry, and bovine isolates, and serotype o:23,36,53 was common in human and bovine isolates. smai pfge patterns of isolates belonging to these se ... | 2005 | 15990285 |
| a real-time pcr assay for the detection and quantitation of campylobacter jejuni using sybr green i and the lightcycler. | campylobacter jejuni is recognized as a leading human food-borne pathogen. traditional biochemical identification for c. jejuni is not reliable due to special growth requirements and the possibility that this bacterium can enter a viable but nonculturable (vnc) state. nucleic acid-based tests have emerged as a useful alternative to traditional testing. in this article, we present fluorescent quantitative pcr assay for quantitative detection of c. jejuni, the assay was carried out using a lightcy ... | 2004 | 15989741 |
| aetiology and pathogenesis of reactive arthritis: role of non-antigen-presenting effects of hla-b27. | spondyloarthropathies are inflammatory diseases closely associated with human leukocyte antigen (hla)-b27 by unknown mechanisms. one of these diseases is reactive arthritis (rea), which is typically triggered by gram-negative bacteria, which have lipopolysaccharide as an integral component of their outer membrane. several findings in vivo and in vitro obtained from patients with rea and from different model systems suggest that hla-b27 modulates the interaction between rea-triggering bacteria an ... | 2005 | 15987495 |
| agricultural antibiotics and human health. | 2005 | 15984910 | |
| codon usage comparison of novel genes in clinical isolates of haemophilus influenzae. | a similarity statistic for codon usage was developed and used to compare novel gene sequences found in clinical isolates of haemophilus influenzae with a reference set of 80 prokaryotic, eukaryotic and viral genomes. these analyses were performed to obtain an indication as to whether individual genes were haemophilus-like in nature, or if they probably had more recently entered the h.influenzae gene pool via horizontal gene transfer from other species. the average and sd values were calculated f ... | 2005 | 15983137 |
| [guillain-barré syndrome and its association with infectious factors]. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) is an acute polyneuropathy often triggered by inflammatory and probably autoimmune mechanisms. development of gbs is in 2/3 of cases preceded by acute infection, typically with gastrointestinal or respiratory symptoms. infectious agents related to gbs include cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus, campylobacter jejuni, mycoplasma pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae. molecular mimicry seems to be responsible for gbs development after infection, through the synthesis ... | 2005 | 15981163 |
| novel spectinomycin/streptomycin resistance gene, aada14, from pasteurella multocida. | a novel spectinomycin/streptomycin resistance gene, designated aada14, was detected on the mobilizable 5,198-bp plasmid pcck647 from pasteurella multocida. the aada14 gene encodes an aminoglycoside adenylyltransferase of 261 amino acids. sequence comparisons revealed that the aada14 protein showed less than 60% identity to the aada proteins known so far. | 2005 | 15980396 |
| in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing of helicobacter felis, h. bizzozeronii, and h. salomonis. | the susceptibilities of helicobacter felis (15 strains), h. bizzozeronii (7 strains), and h. salomonis (3 strains) to 10 antimicrobial agents were investigated by determination of the mic using the agar dilution method. no consistent differences were noticed between the different helicobacter species, which were all highly susceptible to ampicillin, clarithromycin, tetracycline, tylosin, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, and neomycin, as demonstrated by low mics. higher mics were obtained for lincomycin ... | 2005 | 15980383 |
| macrolide resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli: molecular mechanism and stability of the resistance phenotype. | a collection of 23 macrolide-resistant campylobacter isolates from different geographic areas was investigated to determine the mechanism and stability of macrolide resistance. the isolates were identified as campylobacter jejuni or campylobacter coli based on the results of the hippurate biochemical test in addition to five pcr-based genotypic methods. three point mutations at two positions within the peptidyl transferase region in domain v of the 23s rrna gene were identified. about 78% of the ... | 2005 | 15980346 |
| recovery of thermophilic campylobacters from pond water and sediment and the problem of interference by background bacteria in enrichment culture. | the aim of this study was to address problems in the determination of thermophilic campylobacters in turbid pond water and sediment. thirty sets of three samples of pond water (volumes 10, 100, 1000 ml) or sediment (0.1, 1.0, 5.0 ml) were examined for the presence of thermophilic campylobacters. the different volumes of pond water were processed by membrane filtration followed by selective enrichment. the samples of sediment were subjected directly to selective enrichment. presumptive isolates w ... | 2005 | 15979120 |
| [immunoproliferative small intestinal disease associated with campylobacter jejuni]. | 2005 | 15978389 | |
| [antimicrobial susceptibility of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from human diarrheic samples]. | one hundred forty-seven campylobacter were isolated using 3,204 samples taken from sporadic diarrheic patients from january 2001 to december 2003. the detection rate of campylobacter in 16 to 30 year old patients (12.9%, 83/641) was significantly higher than that in patients less than 16 years of age, 5%, (29/1,155) (p < 0.001) and more than 30 years of age, 2.5% (35/1,408) (p < 0.001), respectively. the highest detection rate was obtained from the stool of males in the 16 to 30 year old range d ... | 2005 | 15977557 |
| campylobacter jejuni induces secretion of proinflammatory chemokines from human intestinal epithelial cells. | campylobacter jejuni is a common cause of diarrhea in humans. while the pathogenic mechanisms of c. jejuni are not completely understood, host inflammatory responses are thought to be contributing factors. in this report, c. jejuni 81-176 is shown to up-regulate chemokines essential to inflammatory responses. growth-related oncogene alpha (groalpha), grogamma, macrophage inflammatory protein 1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (mcp-1), and gamma interferon-inducible protein 10 (gammaip-10) mrn ... | 2005 | 15972545 |
| role of motility and flagellin glycosylation in the pathogenesis of pseudomonas aeruginosa burn wound infections. | in this study, we tested the contribution of flagellar motility, flagellin structure, and its glycosylation in pseudomonas aeruginosa using genetically defined flagellar mutants. all mutants and their parent strains were tested in a burned-mouse model of infection. motility and glycosylation of the flagellum appear to be important determinants of flagellar-mediated virulence in this model. this is the first report where genetically defined flagellar variants of p. aeruginosa were tested in the b ... | 2005 | 15972536 |
| a temporal study of salmonella serovars in animals in alberta between 1990 and 2001. | passive laboratory-based surveillance data from alberta agriculture food and rural development were analyzed for common salmonella serovars, prevalences, trends, and for the presence of temporal clusters. there were 1767 isolates between october 1990 and december 2001 comprising 63 different serovars, including 961 isolates from chickens, 418 from cattle, 108 from pigs, 102 from turkeys, and 178 from all other species combined. salmonella typhimurium, heidelberg, hadar, kentucky, and thompson we ... | 2005 | 15971672 |
| an emptying quiver: antimicrobial drugs and resistance. | 2005 | 15971372 | |
| stable accumulation of sigma54 in helicobacter pylori requires the novel protein hp0958. | several flagellar genes in helicobacter pylori are dependent on sigma(54) (rpon) for their expression. these genes encode components of the basal body, the hook protein, and a minor flagellin, flab. a protein-protein interaction map for h. pylori constructed from a high-throughput screen of a yeast two-hybrid assay (http://pim.hybrigenics.com/pimriderext/common/) revealed interactions between sigma(54) and the conserved hypothetical protein hp0958. to see if hp0958 influences sigma(54) function, ... | 2005 | 15968056 |
| diarrheal illness among deployed u.s. military personnel during operation bright star 2001--egypt. | in the fall of 2001, approximately 15,000 u.s. military personnel participated in a military exercise in the northwestern egyptian desert. to assess the prevalence and impact of diarrhea and enteropathogen distribution, we conducted a post-deployment survey and a case series study. a departure convenience sampling (n = 3725) was used in the post-deployment survey. overall, 9.3% reported diarrhea, 2.6% sought medical care, and 2.8% stopped or decreased their work for at least a day. among those r ... | 2005 | 15964494 |
| pvir and bloody diarrhea in campylobacter jejuni enteritis. | the plasmid pvir may play a role in the virulence of campylobacter jejuni, a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis. the pvir plasmid was identified in 17% of 104 c. jejuni clinical isolates studied and was significantly associated with the occurrence of blood in patient stool, a marker of invasive infection. the pvir plasmid was not associated with greater occurrence of diarrhea, fever, pain, vomiting, or need for patient hospitalization. isolates containing pvir were also associated with t ... | 2005 | 15963277 |
| declines of zoonotic agents in liquid livestock wastes stored in batches on-farm. | to measure the decline rates of zoonotic agents introduced into liquid livestock wastes in on-farm storage tanks. | 2005 | 15960665 |
| gastrointestinal mucins of fut2-null mice lack terminal fucosylation without affecting colonization by candida albicans. | posttranslational modification of apomucins by the sequential action of glycosyltransferases is required to produce mature mucins. the secretor gene (fut2) encodes an alpha(1,2)fucosyltransferase (ec 2.4.1.69) that catalyzes addition of terminal alpha(1,2)fucose residues on mucins and other molecules in mucosal epithelium. mutant mice containing targeted replacement of fut2 with the bacterial reporter gene lacz were studied to determine the affect of the loss of fut2 on glycosylation of mucins i ... | 2005 | 15958416 |
| the immunobiology of guillain-barré syndromes. | this presentation highlights aspects of the immunobiology of the guillain-barré syndromes (gbs), the world's leading cause of acute autoimmune neuromuscular paralysis. understanding the key pathophysiological pathways of gbs and developing rational, specific immunotherapies are essential steps towards improving the clinical outcome of this devastating disorder. much of the research into gbs over the last decade has focused on the forms mediated by anti-ganglioside antibodies, and we have made su ... | 2005 | 15958123 |
| comparison of campylobacter jejuni lipooligosaccharide biosynthesis loci from a variety of sources. | campylobacter jejuni strains exhibit significant variation in the genetic content of the lipooligosaccharide (los) biosynthesis loci with concomitant differences in los structure. the c. jejuni los loci have been grouped into six classes based on gene content and organization. utilizing pcr amplifications of genes from these loci, we were able to classify a majority (80%) of the los biosynthesis loci from 123 strains of c. jejuni that included 39 of the penner serotype reference strains. we foun ... | 2005 | 15956396 |
| pet dogs and chicken meat as reservoirs of campylobacter spp. in barbados. | campylobacter spp. are the second most common pathogen isolated from stools of patients with gastroenteritis in barbados. the aim of this study was to identify reservoirs of campylobacter and the likely source(s) of human infection. fecal specimens from 596 animals and 311 samples of animal food products were analyzed for the presence of campylobacter spp. by standard culture techniques. isolates were characterized by conventional phenotypic tests, confirmed by latex agglutination and pcr with g ... | 2005 | 15956378 |
| evasion of toll-like receptor 5 by flagellated bacteria. | toll-like receptor 5 (tlr5) recognizes an evolutionarily conserved site on bacterial flagellin that is required for flagellar filament assembly and motility. the alpha and epsilon proteobacteria, including the important human pathogens campylobacter jejuni, helicobacter pylori, and bartonella bacilliformis, require flagellar motility to efficiently infect mammalian hosts. in this study, we demonstrate that these bacteria make flagellin molecules that are not recognized by tlr5. we map the site r ... | 2005 | 15956202 |
| protein length in eukaryotic and prokaryotic proteomes. | we analyzed length differences of eukaryotic, bacterial and archaeal proteins in relation to function, conservation and environmental factors. comparing eukaryotes and prokaryotes, we found that the greater length of eukaryotic proteins is pervasive over all functional categories and involves the vast majority of protein families. the magnitude of these differences suggests that the evolution of eukaryotic proteins was influenced by processes of fusion of single-function proteins into extended m ... | 2005 | 15951512 |
| an atp-binding cassette-type cysteine transporter in campylobacter jejuni inferred from the structure of an extracytoplasmic solute receptor protein. | campylobacter jejuni is a gram-negative food-borne pathogen associated with gastroenteritis in humans as well as cases of the autoimmune disease guillain-barré syndrome. c. jejuni is asaccharolytic because it lacks an active glycolytic pathway for the use of sugars as a carbon source. this suggests an increased reliance on amino acids as nutrients and indeed the genome sequence of this organism indicates the presence of a number of amino acid uptake systems. cj0982, also known as cjaa, is a puta ... | 2005 | 15948956 |
| prevalence of potential virulence markers in polish campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates obtained from hospitalized children and from chicken carcasses. | the pathogenicity of thermotolerant campylobacter species, common food-borne pathogens, depends on certain factors unevenly distributed among strains of different origin. the prevalence of such markers has never been examined in a population of polish campylobacter strains of human and poultry origin. therefore, we analysed the presence of the cadf, cdta, cdtb and cdtc genes and the iam sequence in campylobacter jejuni (n = 115) and campylobacter coli (n = 57) isolates from children with diarrho ... | 2005 | 15947425 |
| the tetr family of transcriptional repressors. | we have developed a general profile for the proteins of the tetr family of repressors. the stretch that best defines the profile of this family is made up of 47 amino acid residues that correspond to the helix-turn-helix dna binding motif and adjacent regions in the three-dimensional structures of tetr, qacr, cprb, and ethr, four family members for which the function and three-dimensional structure are known. we have detected a set of 2,353 nonredundant proteins belonging to this family by scree ... | 2005 | 15944459 |
| unraveling the secret lives of bacteria: use of in vivo expression technology and differential fluorescence induction promoter traps as tools for exploring niche-specific gene expression. | a major challenge for microbiologists is to elucidate the strategies deployed by microorganisms to adapt to and thrive in highly complex and dynamic environments. in vitro studies, including those monitoring genomewide changes, have proven their value, but they can, at best, mimic only a subset of the ensemble of abiotic and biotic stimuli that microorganisms experience in their natural habitats. the widely used gene-to-phenotype approach involves the identification of altered niche-related phen ... | 2005 | 15944455 |
| activation in vagal afferents and central autonomic pathways: early responses to intestinal infection with campylobacter jejuni. | abundant evidence now supports the idea that multiple pathways or mechanisms underlie communication from the immune system to the brain. the presence of a variety of mechanisms suggests that they may each contribute something different to immunosensory signaling. for instance, brain mediated immune signal transduction is dependent upon the presence of circulating mediators whereas peripheral sensory nerves are more likely to be important early on in an infection, prior to elevation of circulatin ... | 2005 | 15944073 |
| characterization of gla(kp), a udp-galacturonic acid c4-epimerase from klebsiella pneumoniae with extended substrate specificity. | in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica, the core oligosaccharide backbone of the lipopolysaccharide is modified by phosphoryl groups. the negative charges provided by these residues are important in maintaining the barrier function of the outer membrane. in contrast, klebsiella pneumoniae lacks phosphoryl groups in its core oligosaccharide but instead contains galacturonic acid residues that are proposed to serve a similar function in outer membrane stability. gla(kp) is a udp-galacturonic ... | 2005 | 15937173 |
| evaluation of agar plates for direct enumeration of campylobacter spp. from poultry carcass rinses. | campy-cefex, a modification of campy-cefex, modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate (mccda), karmali, campy, and campy-line agars were evaluated for their efficiency to isolate and enumerate campylobacter spp. from poultry carcass rinses. campy-cefex and its modification produced the best results but were statistically similar to campy, mccda, and karmali. | 2005 | 15933040 |
| the htra protease of campylobacter jejuni is required for heat and oxygen tolerance and for optimal interaction with human epithelial cells. | campylobacter jejuni is a predominant cause of food-borne bacterial gastroenteritis in the developed world. we have investigated the importance of a homologue of the periplasmic htra protease in c. jejuni stress tolerance. a c. jejuni htra mutant was constructed and compared to the parental strain, and we found that growth of the mutant was severely impaired both at 44 degrees c and in the presence of the trna analogue puromycin. under both conditions, the level of misfolded protein is known to ... | 2005 | 15933023 |
| genetic diversity and antibiotic resistance patterns in a campylobacter population isolated from poultry farms in switzerland. | the diversity and genetic interrelation of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli isolated from swiss poultry were assessed by three independent typing methods. samples were derived prior to slaughter from 100 randomly selected flocks (five birds per flock) raised on three different farm types. the observed flock prevalence was 54% in total, with 50% for conventional and 69% for free-range farms. birds held on farms with a confined roaming area had the lowest prevalence of 37%. campylobacter isolates ... | 2005 | 15932975 |
| effect of preslaughter events on prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in market-weight turkeys. | the effects of events which occur prior to slaughter, such as loading, transport, and holding at an abattoir, on the prevalence of campylobacter species, including campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli, were examined. cloacal swabs from market-weight turkeys in each of five flocks were obtained on a farm prior to loading (time 1; 120 swabs per flock) and after transport and holding at the abattoir (time 2; 120 swabs per flock). a statistically significant increase in the overall prevalence ... | 2005 | 15932973 |
| measuring disease frequency in the marshfield epidemiologic study area (mesa). | the marshfield epidemiologic study area (mesa) is a rare resource for population-based health and medical research developed at marshfield clinic research foundation. because of high population coverage and health event capture, mesa is particularly useful for determining the frequency of disease in the general population. a substantial proportion of mesa-based publications appearing in the peer reviewed literature have reported incidence or prevalence rates of disease or disease-related factors ... | 2003 | 15931320 |
| birds, migration and emerging zoonoses: west nile virus, lyme disease, influenza a and enteropathogens. | wild birds are important to public health because they carry emerging zoonotic pathogens, either as a reservoir host or by dispersing infected arthropod vectors. in addition, bird migration provides a mechanism for the establishment of new endemic foci of disease at great distances from where an infection was acquired. birds are central to the epidemiology of west nile virus (wnv) because they are the main amplifying host of the virus in nature. the initial spread of wnv in the u.s. along the ea ... | 2003 | 15931279 |
| the prokaryotic enzyme dsbb may share key structural features with eukaryotic disulfide bond forming oxidoreductases. | three different classes of thiol-oxidoreductases that facilitate the formation of protein disulfide bonds have been identified. they are the ero1 and sox/alr family members in eukaryotic cells, and the dsbb family members in prokaryotic cells. these enzymes transfer oxidizing potential to the proteins pdi or dsba, which are responsible for directly introducing disulfide bonds into substrate proteins during oxidative protein folding in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, respectively. a comparison of the ... | 2005 | 15930008 |
| mama-pcr assay for the detection of point mutations associated with high-level erythromycin resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli strains. | twenty campylobacter jejuni and 16 campylobacter coli strains isolated from humans and food/animals, including 17 isolates resistant to erythromycin, were analyzed. a combined mismatch amplification mutation assay-pcr technique was developed to detect the mutations a 2074 c and a 2075 g in the 23s rrna gene associated with erythromycin resistance. all high-level erythromycin-resistant strains examined by dna sequencing carried the transition mutation a 2075 g, whereas no isolate carried the a 20 ... | 2005 | 15927294 |
| [comparative study on the role of parent campylobacter jejuni and gale mutant in inducing experimental peripheral nerve damage]. | a comparative study on the role of campylobacter jejuni (cj) hb9313 and gale mutant in inducing experimental sciatic nerve damage was conducted in guinea pigs in order to explore whether cj lipo-oligosaccharide (los) is critical component associated with peripheral nerve lesions and find experimental evidence for the presumption of molecular mimicry on the pathogenesis of guillain-barre syndromes (gbs) with cj antecedent infection. | 2005 | 15924714 |
| risk of hypertension and reduced kidney function after acute gastroenteritis from bacteria-contaminated drinking water. | the long-term health consequences of acute bacterial gastroenteritis remain uncertain. we studied the risk of hypertension and reduced kidney function after an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis due to contamination of a regional drinking water supply with escherichia coli o157:h7 and campylobacter species. | 2005 | 15923490 |
| a new approach for the analysis of bacterial microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization: insights from an empirical study. | microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (m-cgh) has been used to characterize the extensive intraspecies genetic diversity found in bacteria at the whole-genome level. although conventional microarray analytical procedures have proved adequate in handling m-cgh data, data interpretation using these methods is based on a continuous character model in which gene divergence and gene absence form a spectrum of decreasing gene conservation levels. however, whereas gene divergence may yet b ... | 2005 | 15918914 |
| isolation and expression of a novel molecular class d beta-lactamase, oxa-61, from campylobacter jejuni. | a novel beta-lactamase gene, blaoxa-61, from campylobacter jejuni gc015 was cloned and its nucleotide sequence determined. blaoxa-61 encodes a protein of 257 amino acids in which the active-site stfk tetrad and conserved class d beta-lactamase motifs ygn and ktg were identified. a conserved sequence upstream of blaoxa-61 is required for expression in campylobacter. | 2005 | 15917560 |
| mosaic structure of a multiple-drug-resistant, conjugative plasmid from campylobacter jejuni. | partial sequence analysis of a tet(o) plasmid from a multiple-drug-resistant clinical isolate of campylobacter jejuni revealed 10 genes or pseudogenes encoding different aminoglycoside inactivating enzymes, transposase-like genes, and multiple unknown genes from a variety of pathogenic and commensal bacteria. the plasmid could be mobilized by a p incompatibility group plasmid into escherichia coli, where it apparently integrated into the chromosome and expressed high-level resistance to multiple ... | 2005 | 15917546 |
| analysis of the prevalence of tetracycline resistance genes in clinical isolates of enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium in a japanese hospital. | prevalence of seven tetracycline resistance (tc(r)) genes--tet(l), tet(m), tet(k), tet(o), tet(s), tet(t), and tet(u)--which are known to be distributed to gram-positive cocci was analyzed for 224 enterococcus faecalis and 46 enterococcus faecium clinical isolates obtained in a japanese hospital. any of the tc(r) genes was detected in 75.9% of all the enterococcal strains. the tet(m) was detected at highest rates in both e. faecalis (75.0%) and e. faecium (69.6%), followed by tet(l), which was h ... | 2005 | 15910229 |
| cytolethal distending toxin is essential for helicobacter hepaticus colonization in outbred swiss webster mice. | helicobacter hepaticus, which induces chronic hepatitis and typhlocolitis in susceptible mouse strains, produces a cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) consisting of cdta, cdtb, and cdtc. a cdtb-deficient h. hepaticus isogenic mutant (hhcdtbm7) was generated and characterized for colonization parameters in four intestinal regions (jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon) of outbred swiss webster (sw) mice. inactivation of the cdtb gene abolished the ability of hhcdtbm7 to colonize female mice at both 8 an ... | 2005 | 15908385 |
| role of sialic acid and complex carbohydrate biosynthesis in biofilm formation by nontypeable haemophilus influenzae in the chinchilla middle ear. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) is an important pathogen in respiratory tract infections, including otitis media (om). nthi forms biofilms in vitro as well as in the chinchilla middle ear, suggesting that biofilm formation in vivo might play an important role in the pathogenesis and chronicity of om. we've previously shown that siaa, siab, and weca are involved in biofilm production by nthi in vitro. to investigate whether these gene products were also involved in biofilm production in ... | 2005 | 15908345 |
| bacterial cell-to-cell signaling in the gastrointestinal tract. | 2005 | 15908344 | |
| site-directed modifications indicate differences in axial haem c iron ligation between the related nrfh and napc families of multihaem c-type cytochromes. | during the last decade, a number of related bacterial membrane-bound multihaem c-type cytochromes, collectively referred to as the napc/nirt family, were identified. these proteins are generally thought to catalyse electron transport between the quinone/quinol pool and periplasmic oxidoreductases. the best-characterized members, the tetrahaem c-type cytochromes nrfh and napc, mediate electron transport to nrfa and napa respectively. amino acid sequence alignments suggest that the nature and posi ... | 2005 | 15907193 |
| serotypes and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter jejuni isolated from humans and animals in thailand. | we investigated the serotypes, distributions, and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter jejuni isolates from humans and animals as a source of infection in poultry between 2002 and 2003. a total of 50 c. jejuni isolates from humans and 29 c. jejuni isolates from poultry were studied for serotype using the penner serotyping scheme and the drug susceptibilities of the isolates which were determined for 7 antimicrobial drugs using the disk diffusion method. serotype b (10%), serotype e (8%) and ... | 2005 | 15906655 |
| prediction of functional modules based on comparative genome analysis and gene ontology application. | we present a computational method for the prediction of functional modules encoded in microbial genomes. in this work, we have also developed a formal measure to quantify the degree of consistency between the predicted and the known modules, and have carried out statistical significance analysis of consistency measures. we first evaluate the functional relationship between two genes from three different perspectives--phylogenetic profile analysis, gene neighborhood analysis and gene ontology ass ... | 2005 | 15901854 |
| novel molecular features of the fibrolytic intestinal bacterium fibrobacter intestinalis not shared with fibrobacter succinogenes as determined by suppressive subtractive hybridization. | suppressive subtractive hybridization was conducted to identify unique genes coding for plant cell wall hydrolytic enzymes and other properties of the gastrointestinal bacterium fibrobacter intestinalis dr7 not shared by fibrobacter succinogenes s85. subtractive clones from f. intestinalis were sequenced and assembled to form 712 nonredundant contigs with an average length of 525 bp. of these, 55 sequences were unique to f. intestinalis. the remaining contigs contained 764 genes with blastx simi ... | 2005 | 15901698 |
| the campylobacter jejuni response regulator, cbrr, modulates sodium deoxycholate resistance and chicken colonization. | two-component regulatory systems play a major role in the physiological response of bacteria to environmental stimuli. such systems are composed of a sensor histidine kinase and a response regulator whose ultimate function is to affect the expression of target genes. response regulator mutants of campylobacter jejuni strain f38011 were screened for sensitivity to sodium deoxycholate. a mutation in cj0643, which encodes a response regulator with no obvious cognate histidine kinase, resulted in an ... | 2005 | 15901688 |
| host genes affect intestinal colonisation of newly hatched chickens by campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of food-borne gastro-enteritis and infection can be followed by severe clinical complications, such as the autoimmune neuropathy guillain-barré syndrome. poultry meat is considered to be a common source of infection, with most flocks infected from 2 to 3 weeks of age. we have examined the effect of host genetics on the colonisation levels of c. jejuni in chickens. chicks from different inbred lines were challenged with 10(7) to 10(8) cfu of c. jejuni 14n ... | 2005 | 15900496 |
| identification of genomic features using microsyntenies of domains: domain teams. | the detection, across several genomes, of local conservation of gene content and proximity considerably helps the prediction of features of interest, such as gene fusions or physical and functional interactions. here, we want to process realistic models of chromosomes, in which genes (or genomic segments of several genes) can be duplicated within a chromosome, or be absent from some other chromosome(s). our approach adopts the technique of temporarily forgetting genes and working directly with p ... | 2005 | 15899966 |
| bacteriophage control of foodborne bacteriat. | bacteriophages are measurable components of the natural microflora in the food production continuum from the farm to the retail outlet. phages are remarkably stable in these environments and are readily recovered from soil, sewage, water, farm and processing plant effluents, feces, and retail foods. purified high-titer phage lysates have been used for the species-specific control of bacteria during the pre- and postharvest phases of food production and storage. for example, the inhibition of the ... | 2005 | 15895751 |
| escherichia coli o157:h7, campylobacter jejuni, and salmonella prevalence in cull dairy cows marketed in northeastern ohio. | preharvest management factors are predicted to impact the prevalence of foodborne pathogens in cattle sent to slaughter. we simultaneously examined the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of campylobacter jejuni, salmonella, and escherichia coli o157:h7 isolated from cull dairy cattle at two livestock auctions in northeastern ohio. between april and september 2002, a total of 1,026 fecal samples were collected. c. jejuni was isolated from 48 of 686 (7%) fecal samples, salmonella was is ... | 2005 | 15895723 |
| persistence of campylobacter jejuni on surfaces in a processing environment and on cutting boards. | the objectives of the study were to determine the spread and persistence of campylobacter in a poultry processing plant and to provide a quantitative estimate of the survival of campylobacter jejuni on the surface of a cutting board. | 2005 | 15892736 |
| rare presentation of a common illness. campylobacter jejuni infection. | 2005 | 15888778 | |
| the tyra family of aromatic-pathway dehydrogenases in phylogenetic context. | the tyra protein family includes members that catalyze two dehydrogenase reactions in distinct pathways leading to l-tyrosine and a third reaction that is not part of tyrosine biosynthesis. family members share a catalytic core region of about 30 kda, where inhibitors operate competitively by acting as substrate mimics. this protein family typifies many that are challenging for bioinformatic analysis because of relatively modest sequence conservation and small size. | 2005 | 15888209 |
| recombinant probiotics for treatment and prevention of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli diarrhea. | we have developed a therapeutic strategy for gastrointestinal infections that is based on molecular mimicry of host receptors for bacterial toxins on the surface of harmless gut bacteria. the aim of this study was to apply this to the development of a recombinant probiotic for treatment and prevention of diarrheal disease caused by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains that produce heat-labile enterotoxin. | 2005 | 15887106 |
| predicted highly expressed genes in archaeal genomes. | based primarily on 16s rrna sequence comparisons, life has been broadly divided into the three domains of bacteria, archaea, and eukarya. archaea is further classified into crenarchaea and euryarchaea. archaea generally thrive in extreme environments as assessed by temperature, ph, and salinity. for many prokaryotic organisms, ribosomal proteins (rp), transcription/translation factors, and chaperone genes tend to be highly expressed. a gene is predicted highly expressed (phx) if its codon usage ... | 2005 | 15883368 |
| genomic and proteomic comparisons between bacterial and archaeal genomes and related comparisons with the yeast and fly genomes. | bacterial, archaeal, yeast, and fly genomes are compared with respect to predicted highly expressed (phx) genes and several genomic properties. there is a striking difference in the status of phx ribosomal protein (rp) genes where the archaeal genome generally encodes more rp genes and fewer phx rps compared with bacterial genomes. the increase in rps in archaea and eukaryotes compared with that in bacteria may reflect a more complex set of interactions in archaea and eukaryotes in regulating tr ... | 2005 | 15883367 |
| antecedent infections in fisher syndrome: a common pathogenesis of molecular mimicry. | to assess the production mechanism of anti-gq1b autoantibody in fisher syndrome (fs). | 2005 | 15883324 |
| lipooligosaccharide of campylobacter jejuni prevents myelin-specific enteral tolerance to autoimmune neuritis--a potential mechanism in guillain-barre syndrome? | campylobacter jejuni-induced enteritis is the most common infection preceding guillain-barre syndrome (gbs), an immune-mediated polyradiculoneuritis. the acute autoimmune attack is thought to be based on c. jejuni antigens which may mimick antigens of the peripheral nervous system. additional pathomechanisms, like disturbance of natural t cell immunoregulation by c. jejuni, have not been evaluated so far. in experimental autoimmune neuritis (ean), a t lymphocyte-mediated animal model of human gb ... | 2005 | 15882812 |
| sample processing effect on polymerase chain reaction used for identification of campylobacter jejuni. | model samples of campylobacter jejuni for polymerase chain reaction (pcr) were prepared by rapid and simple procedures consisting of centrifugation, proteinase k treatment, chelex 100 treatment, and boiling lyses. a pcr based on specific amplification of the variable sequence of 16s rrna gene was performed using tth dna polymerase and the pcr products were visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis. the assay allowed the detection of 10 cfu/ml c. jejuni in the physiological saline and 100 cfu/ml ... | 2004 | 15881405 |
| an outbreak of campylobacter jejuni enteritis in a school of madrid, spain. | an outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by campylobacter infection was identified in may 2003 in a school in madrid, spain. eighty one cases were identified in a total of 253 people studied. a retrospective cohort study showed that a custard made with ultra high temperature (uht) milk was associated with illness (rr: 3.15; 95% ci: 1.25-7.93). the custard was probably contaminated with campylobacter jejuni from a raw chicken prepared a day previously in the same kitchen. our recommendations were to ... | 2005 | 15879642 |
| pora protein of campylobacter jejuni is not a cytotoxin mediating inflammatory diarrhoea. | campylobacter jejuni is a major food-borne pathogen and a leading cause of diarrhoea. a cytotoxin is most likely involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diarrhoea due to c. jejuni. a 45-kda outer membrane protein encoded by the pora gene was reported to exhibit cytotoxic activity for cultured mammalian cells in vitro. we cloned and expressed the pora gene in escherichia coli bl21 codon plus ril strain using the fusion vector pgex-4t-1. the fusion protein solubilised in urea in denatured for ... | 2005 | 15878682 |
| physiological changes in campylobacter jejuni on entry into stationary phase. | campylobacter jejuni nctc 11168 does not exhibit the general increase in cellular stress resistance on entry into stationary phase that is seen in most other bacteria. this is consistent with the lack of global stationary phase regulatory elements in this organism, deduced from an analysis of its genome sequence. we now show that c. jejuni nctc 11168 does undergo certain changes in stationary phase, of a pattern not previously described. as cells entered stationary phase there was a change in me ... | 2004 | 15878401 |
| an analysis of the use of genomic dna as a universal reference in two channel dna microarrays. | dna microarray is an invaluable tool for gene expression explorations. in the two-dye microarray, fluorescence intensities of two samples, each labeled with a different dye, are compared after hybridization. to compare a large number of samples, the 'reference design' is widely used, in which all rna samples are hybridized to a common reference. genomic dna is an attractive candidate for use as a universal reference, especially for bacterial systems with a low percentage of non-coding sequences. ... | 2005 | 15877823 |
| characterization of an archaeal malic enzyme from the hyperthermophilic archaeon thermococcus kodakaraensis kod1. | although the interconversion between c4 and c3 compounds has an important role in overall metabolism, limited information is available on the properties and regulation of enzymes acting on these metabolites in hyperthermophilic archaea. malic enzyme is one of the enzymes involved in this interconversion, catalyzing the oxidative decarboxylation of malate to pyruvate as well as the reductive carboxylation coupled with nad(p)h. this study focused on the enzymatic properties and expression profile ... | 2005 | 15876562 |
| immunohistochemical identification of campylobacter fetus in natural cases of bovine and ovine abortions. | an immunohistochemistry (ihc) procedure for the detection of campylobacter fetus antigens using an avidin-biotin complex technique was performed on formalin fixed bovine and ovine fetal tissues from 26 natural cases of campylobacter spp. abortion (four ovine and 22 bovine). the species of campylobacter isolated included c. fetus ssp. venerealis from 13 bovine fetuses, c. fetus ssp. fetus from two ovine and one bovine fetus, campylobacter jejuni from seven bovine fetuses, campylobacter lari from ... | 2005 | 15876227 |
| oral campylobacter species involved in extraoral abscess: a report of three cases. | oral campylobacter species are rarely reported to cause extraoral infections. here we present three cases of extraoral abscess caused by an oral campylobacter sp. and a streptococcus sp. the campylobacter species were all isolated anaerobically and identified by sequencing analysis of the 16s rrna gene. the cases included a breast abscess caused by campylobacter rectus and a non-group a beta-hemolytic streptococcus in a patient with lymphoma, a liver abscess caused by campylobacter curvus and an ... | 2005 | 15872299 |
| genomic diversity in campylobacter jejuni: identification of c. jejuni 81-176-specific genes. | since the publication of the complete genomic sequence of campylobacter jejuni nctc 11168 in february 2000, evidence has been compiling that suggests c. jejuni strains exhibit high genomic diversity. in order to investigate this diversity, the unique genomic dna sequences from a nonsequenced campylobacter strain, c. jejuni 81-176, were identified by comparison with c. jejuni nctc 11168 by using a shotgun dna microarray approach. up to 63 kb of new chromosomal dna sequences unique to this pathoge ... | 2005 | 15872262 |
| extended multilocus sequence typing system for campylobacter coli, c. lari, c. upsaliensis, and c. helveticus. | a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) system has been reported previously for campylobacter jejuni to both differentiate strains and identify clonal lineages. however, sequence variation at the mlst loci prevents its use for closely related campylobacter species. we describe herein an expanded mlst method to include three clinically relevant campylobacter species, c. coli, c. lari, and c. upsaliensis, and a fourth campylobacter species, c. helveticus. the c. coli and c. helveticus methods use the ... | 2005 | 15872261 |
| multilocus sequence typing lacks the discriminatory ability of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for typing salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | nontyphoidal salmonellae are among the leading causes of food-borne disease in the united states. because of the importance of salmonella enterica in food-borne disease, numerous typing methodologies have been developed. among the several molecular typing methods, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) is currently considered the "gold standard" technique in typing salmonella. the aim of this study was to compare the discriminatory power of pfge to multilocus sequence typing (mlst) in typing sa ... | 2005 | 15872244 |
| use of the oxford multilocus sequence typing protocol and sequencing of the flagellin short variable region to characterize isolates from a large outbreak of waterborne campylobacter sp. strains in walkerton, ontario, canada. | the walkerton (ontario, canada) outbreak of waterborne escherichia coli o157:h7 and campylobacter jejuni was quite limited in both space and time, making it a good model for exploring the utility of different typing and subtyping methods for the characterization of relationships among isolates of these organisms. we have extended previous work with these organisms through analysis by the oxford multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and the flagellin short variable region (fla-svr) sequencing methods ... | 2005 | 15872226 |
| the origin and evolution of operons: the piecewise building of the proteobacterial histidine operon. | the structure and organization of 470 histidine biosynthetic genes from 47 different proteobacteria were combined with phylogenetic inference to investigate the mechanisms responsible for assembly of the his pathway and the origin of his operons. data obtained in this work showed that a wide variety of different organization strategies of his gene arrays exist and that some his genes or entire his operons are likely to have been horizontally transferred between bacteria of the same or different ... | 2005 | 15871048 |
| antimicrobial resistance profiles of campylobacter jejuni isolates from wild birds in sweden. | in order to determine the occurrence and frequency of resistant strains of the bacterium campylobacter jejuni and to establish baseline mics in isolates from an environmental reservoir, the resistance profiles of 10 antimicrobial substances were determined for 137 c. jejuni isolates from wild birds in sweden. observed mics were generally low, with only low to moderate incidence of resistance to the tested compounds. one isolate, however, was resistant to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin, indicat ... | 2005 | 15870331 |
| structural and functional divergence of muts2 from bacterial muts1 and eukaryotic msh4-msh5 homologs. | muts homologs, identified in nearly all bacteria and eukaryotes, include the bacterial proteins muts1 and muts2 and the eukaryotic muts homologs 1 to 7, and they often are involved in recognition and repair of mismatched bases and small insertion/deletions, thereby limiting illegitimate recombination and spontaneous mutation. to explore the relationship of muts2 to other muts homologs, we examined conserved protein domains. fundamental differences in structure between muts2 and other muts homolo ... | 2005 | 15866941 |
| fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacter isolates from conventional and antibiotic-free chicken products. | the use of fluoroquinolones (fqs) in poultry production is an important issue in public health today. in february 2002, two prominent u.s. poultry companies pledged to stop using fqs for flock-wide treatment. one year later, we began a survey of campylobacter isolates on chicken products from these two companies and from two producers claiming total abstention from antibiotic use. using both standard isolation methods and new methods modified to enhance detection of fq-resistant campylobacter, w ... | 2005 | 15866763 |
| factors contributing to infectious diarrhea-associated pancreatic enzyme alterations. | several pathogens have been involved as etiologic agents of acute pancreatitis. we studied 59 patients presenting acute infectious diarrhea in order to determine the incidence as well as to identify factors which may contribute to the occurrence of pancreatic enzyme alteration or true acute pancreatitis. | 2005 | 15864174 |
| evaluation of a pcr assay for the detection and identification of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in retail poultry products. | a pcr-based method was applied to campylobacter detection in poultry samples at the retail level. in total, 73 retail poultry samples purchased from supermarkets in the basque country area in the north of spain were examined using both culture and molecular (alternative) methods. in our routine method, the worldwide iso 10272:1995 standard of preston broth incubated at 42 degrees c for conventional campylobacter detection was adopted. the molecular method was comprised of a dna extraction kit co ... | 2005 | 15862456 |