Publications

[symptomatic and asymptomatic vaginitis. microbiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects].		1986	3488870
morphological studies of the cytotoxicity of trichomonas vaginalis to normal human vaginal epithelial cells in vitro.	in vitro cultured monolayers of normal human vaginal epithelial cells were incubated with axenic cultures of trichomonas vaginalis. two strains freshly isolated from patients with trichomoniasis and one strain that had been maintained in axenic culture for several years were studied. freshly isolated trichomonads showed amoeboid movements, adherence to epithelial cell surfaces, and were cytotoxic to epithelial cells in vitro. in contrast, the laboratory strain maintained for years in axenic cult ...	1986	3488256
metronidazole-resistant clinical isolates of trichomonas vaginalis have lowered oxygen affinities.	oxygen affinities of metronidazole susceptible and resistant isolates of the parasitic flagellate protozoon trichomonas vaginalis were determined by mass spectrometric methods. apparent o2km values for the respiration of non-proliferating cell suspensions were about 10-fold higher for metronidazole resistant strains than for the susceptible strains c1-nih or nyh-286. simultaneous monitoring of hydrogen evolution in the presence of increasing o2 tensions enabled apparent ki values for h2 to be de ...	1986	3487729
vaginal trichomoniasis in sharkyia governorate.		1986	3487598
incubation time, second blind passage, and cost considerations in the isolation of trichomonas vaginalis.	in a group of 247 symptomatic and asymptomatic women, 75 (30.3%) were found to harbour trichomonas vaginalis; 39 (52%) infections were detected by wet mount and 36 (48%) were detected by culture only. of the latter, 27 produces a positive culture in 3 days or less and 9 were positive, on average, at day 6. the break even cost of culture was $6.75 per patient. among 70 wet mount-negative, primary culture-negative specimens that received a blind passage, another 3 (4.2%) positive cultures were det ...	1986	3487552
persistent trichomonas vaginalis infection due to a metronidazole-resistant strain.		1986	3486706
ferredoxin-dependent reduction of nitroimidazole derivatives in drug-resistant and susceptible strains of trichomonas vaginalis.	the inhibitory effect of a range of nitroimidazole-derivatives on h2 production by metronidazole resistant (cdc-85) and susceptible (c1-nih) trichomonas vaginalis strains was investigated. the 2-, 4-, and 5-nitro-derivatives used had one-electron reduction potentials within the range -250 to -525 mv. nitroimidazole concentrations giving 50% inhibition of h2 production (kih2) for compounds with one-electron reduction potentials in the range -250 to -425 mv were found to be similar for both strain ...	1986	3486660
in vitro drug susceptibility and doses of metronidazole required for cure in cases of refractory vaginal trichomoniasis.	there are currently no laboratory or clinical guidelines for the identification and treatment of disease caused by metronidazole-resistant strains of trichomonas vaginalis. fifty-three isolates of t. vaginalis from cases of refractory vaginitis in the united states (26 states) and canada were tested for aerobic and anaerobic metronidazole susceptibility, and after various dosages of metronidazole, the therapeutic outcomes were evaluated for 31 of these cases. the mean aerobic metronidazole susce ...	1986	3486237
growth and cytopathogenicity of trichomonas vaginalis in tissue cultures.	the primary purpose of this study was to identify the mammalian tissue cultures which were most suitable for investigations of the cytopathogenicity of trichomonas vaginalis. a recently isolated strain of the organism was inoculated into 15 different tissue cultures which were maintained in an appropriately modified growth medium. proliferation of the protozoon was accompanied by the progressive disintegration of cell culture monolayers. initial focal lesions consisting of detached cells and an ...	1986	3486191
isolation of trichomonas vaginalis: a simple diagnostic medium for use in developing countries.		1986	3485756
tioconazole 2% cream in the treatment of trichomonas vaginalis or mixed vaginal infections.	twenty patients with documented t. vaginalis infections, six of whom were simultaneously infected with c. albicans and one with g. vaginalis, were treated topically (intravaginally) once daily with 5 g of 2% tioconazole vaginal cream (trosyd, pfizer) for 3 consecutive days in an open, non-comparative study. at the first follow-up visit (about 7 days post-treatment), 95% (19/20) of the patients were cured; 95% (18/19) of patients remained cured with respect to the baseline infection at the long-t ...	1986	3485546
trichomonas vaginalis: electrophoretic analysis and heterogeneity among isolates due to high-molecular-weight trichomonad proteins.	the protein composition of trichomonas vaginalis isolates was evaluated using one-dimensional and two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorography. at least two hundred intrinsically labeled and about 30 major extrinsically labeled proteins of molecular weights less than 120,000 were resolved by isoelectric focusing and electrophoresis. in general, long-term grown and fresh isolates of t. vaginalis gave similar fluorograms of the readily detectable prote ...	1986	3485537
etiology of cervical inflammation.	we studied the relationships of selected microbial, clinical, demographic, and behavioral variables to mucopurulent cervicitis in two clinical settings, a sexually transmitted disease clinic and a student health clinic. from each clinic, we studied a group of women referred for suspected mucopurulent cervicitis and a representative sample of other women attending the clinic. after the women were stratified by patient group and summary odds ratios for all groups were obtained, mucopurulent cervic ...	1986	3485379
a new metabolic labelling medium for trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus using 35s methionine.	a metabolic labelling medium was devised for trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus utilizing 35s methionine. t. vaginalis cultured for 24h in the medium took up approximately 27% of the available label and increased greater than two fold in number. counts per microgram of protein were 32,555 +/- 10% between different strains or identical strains in different labelling runs. t. foetus took up approximately 5% of the available label and increased greater than two fold in 24h. this result ...	1986	3485292
genetic differentiation and biochemical polymorphism among trichomonads.	isoenzyme electrophoresis was used to study levels of genetic differentiation among strains and clones of trichomonas gallinae, trichomonas vaginalis, tritrichomonas foetus, tetratrichomonas gallinarum, and pentatrichomonas hominis. strain variation was found within t. gallinae, t. vaginalis, and t. foetus, however, levels of enzyme polymorphism were greater in t. gallinae than in t. vaginalis or t. foetus. isoenzyme genotypes were not a stable property of t. gallinae clones cultivated in vitro. ...	1988	3418458
pathogenicity of tritrichomonas mobilensis: subcutaneous inoculation in mice.	the standard "subcutaneous mouse assay" was used to investigate the inherent pathogenicity of tritrichomonas mobilensis, an intestinal parasite of squirrel monkeys. c57b1/6 mice given subcutaneous bilateral inocula of t. mobilensis died by day 4 postinoculation with lesions too small to be measured. control mice similarly inoculated with pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains of trichomonas vaginalis survived the challenge and produced lesions on day 6 with mean volumes in agreement with previous ...	1988	3418457
treatment failure in trichomonas vaginalis infections in females. ii. in-vitro estimation of the sensitivity of the organism to metronidazole.	we have developed a standard procedure to measure the susceptibility of trichomonas vaginalis to metronidazole in vitro, by controlling the state of oxygenation of the test cultures, the size of the inocula in terms of infectivity, and providing multiple tests at each drug concentration. estimates were made of the in-vitro sensitivity to metronidazole of t. vaginalis isolated from 11 randomly selected patients, all, except for three defaulters, known to have been treated successfully, and from s ...	1988	3391860
[metronidazole-resistant trichomoniasis and successful therapy following high dosage].	a patient is reported who suffered for several months from a trichomonas vaginalis infection that was resistant to the usual low-dose treatment with 5-nitro-imidazole derivatives. following various ineffective therapeutic trials, the agent was isolated in order to determine its sensitivity to 5-nitro-imidazole. the resistance of the isolate to metronidazole was confirmed in vitro and in an animal experiment; the patient was therefore treated with high daily doses of metronidazole, 3 x 750 mg ora ...	1988	3384665
trichomonal vaginitis: evaluation of serological tests and identification of immunoreactive surface peptides.	an indirect haemagglutination assay (iha) with polysaccharide and protein antigens of trichomonas vaginalis and an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) were used to test for antibodies against t vaginalis in 58 women with trichonomal vaginitis and 48 with non-specific vaginitis. eleven antibody positive sera were used in a radioimmunoprecipitation assay (ripa) to identify surface peptides that elicited antibody responses in infected women. the serological tests were less sensitive than biol ...	1988	3384427
treatment failure in trichomonas vaginalis infections in females. i. concentrations of metronidazole in plasma and vaginal content during normal and high dosage.	concurrent estimation by high pressure liquid chromatography (hplc) of the concentrations of metronidazole in plasma and vaginal content in 12 patients with infections due to trichomonas vaginalis who did not respond to normal and high-dose treatment has shown that the two levels are closely related to each other and to the dose. individual idiosyncrasies in absorption of drug from the gut lumen or in its transfer into the vaginal content are unlikely to be the cause of treatment failure.	1988	3360695
association of coexisting vaginal infections and multiple abusers in female children with genital warts.	all 11 girls less than 12 years of age presenting to the pediatric clinic between 1980 and 1986 with genital warts were evaluated by the child protection team for possible sexual abuse. nine of the 11 girls had condylomata acuminata, and two had verruca vulgaris. ten of the 11 had historical and/or physical evidence other than the warts that confirmed sexual abuse. six girls had coexisting vaginal infections such as bacterial vaginosis and infections due to various pathogens including neisseria ...	1988	3358240
[trichomonas vaginalis infection. frequency and diagnosis in women].		1988	3353949
influence of gender in pathogenesis of trichomoniasis in congenitally athymic (nude) mice.	evaluation of abscesses appearing in male and female euthymic and athymic (nude) balb/c mice after subcutaneous injection of trichomonas vaginalis in the dorsal region showed that females were more susceptible than males. female euthymic mice, however, were more susceptible than male athymic mice, and splenectomised athymic males were more susceptible than non-splenectomised athymic males. f1 female athymic mice were the most susceptible, as their abscesses reached a peak size five days earlier ...	1988	3346023
sexually transmitted diseases and sexual behavior in urban adolescent females attending a family planning clinic.	specimens from the lower genital tract of 102 sexually active urban adolescent females were tested for the common sexually transmitted diseases (stds). the results were correlated with concomitant clinical, demographic, and historic data. forty-one percent (42/102) were infected with one or more of the following organisms: chlamydia trachomatis (26/102), trichomonas vaginalis (13/102), neisseria gonorrhoeae (10/102), yeast (6/102), condyloma (5/102), and herpes simplex virus (1/44). mixed infect ...	1988	3335474
[evaluation of the usefulness of a lyophilized culture medium used for growing trichomonas vaginalis in the diagnosis of vaginal candidiasis].		1987	3330720
[correlation between the concentration of secretory antibodies and the distribution of vaginal flora].		1987	3327137
laboratory diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis among women attending a venereal diseases control division. first report.		1987	3326100
[urethritis caused by trichomonas vaginalis in men. epidemiology].	the interviews of sexually transmitted diseases (std) done in the dispensario "martínez anido" of madrid in the period understood between september of 1984 and september of 1985 are revised. among all of the 1,370 surveys, the trichomonal urethritis in the male, represents 2.2% of all of the urethritis and 4.6% of the nongonococcal urethritis in the male. mean age of patients was 35 years, the social-economic level was inferior than those which we observed in others std, all of the cases were he ...	1987	3312865
subepithelial organisms in trichomonal cervicitis.	trichomonas vaginalis is usually described as a surface-dwelling, noninvasive organism. most studies of the pathogenicity of this organism have been derived from cytologic studies of uterine cervical epithelium. we employed specific immunoperoxidase techniques that allow the identification of organisms in cytologic and histologic specimens. in a case of trichomonal cervicitis these organisms were demonstrated both on the epithelial surface and in subepithelial tissues. interpretations and implic ...	1987	3311667
[indirect immunofluorescence in the serodiagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis infections].	by using immunofluorescent technique the authors have observed that high titer circulating antibodies reacting with membrane or cytoplasmic structures of t. vaginalis occur in the majority (42/45) of women presenting because of trichomonas vaginitis. only exceptionally high titer antibodies have been detected in serum of male subjects affected by urethral trichomoniasis. low titer antibodies are found in serum of noninfected subjects and are supposed to be induced by cross reacting flagellate gr ...	1987	3304346
the use of a highly sensitive electrophoretic method to compare the proteinases of trichomonads.	a highly sensitive electrophoretic method involving gelatin-containing polyacrylamide gels has been used to analyse trichomonad proteinases. multiple forms, optimally active at ph 5-6, were present in all four species examined, but the species could be distinguished from one another by both quantitative and qualitative differences. the intestinal parasites, trichomitus batrachorum and pentatrichomonas hominis, had lower specific activities than the urogenital parasites, trichomonas vaginalis and ...	1987	3302703
[the value of clinical examination, microscopy and culture for candida and trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis].		1987	3299944
trichomonas vaginalis phenotypic variation occurs only among trichomonads infected with the double-stranded rna virus.	trichomonas vaginalis isolates were examined for the presence of viral double-stranded rna (dsrna) and the property of phenotypic variation. only the heterogeneous isolates composed of mab-reactive and -nonreactive organisms, as determined by indirect immunofluorescence and flow cytofluorometry, and capable of phenotypic variation possessed the dsrna. both the positive and negative phenotype subpopulations separated from the heterogeneous parent contained equal amounts of the dsrna. loss of the ...	1987	3298522
does lactobacillus vaccine for trichomoniasis, solco trichovac, induce antibody reactive with trichomonas vaginalis?	solco trichovac is a vaccine of lactobacillus acidophilus developed for treating trichomoniasis. the efficacy of the vaccine is reportedly due to cross reacting antibody being produced in people immunised with the lactobacillus bacteria. several techniques, including enzyme linked immunosorbent, indirect immunofluorescence, immunoblot, and radioimmunoprecipitation assays were used to assess the extent of antigenic cross reactivity between lactobacillus acidophilus and trichomonas vaginalis. data ...	1988	3290091
practical problems of diagnosing trichomoniasis in women.	analysis of eight groups of data collected at varying intervals during a period of seven years showed fluctuations in the sensitivity of tests to diagnose trichomoniasis in women. the best results were obtained from fresh, correctly prepared diamond's medium, feinberg-whittington's medium, and modified squires and mcfadzean's medium (which showed 82% to 94% relative sensitivity). poor results were identified consistently in commercially prepared bushby medium from one source (40% relative sensit ...	1988	3290090
establishing a correct diagnosis of vulvovaginal infection.	vulvovaginitis is a common problem and a prime reason for physician consultation. the organism most frequently responsible for vulvovaginal infection is candida albicans, and in a large majority of cases identification of the causative organism and diagnosis are easy to establish. recurrent or persistent infection, however, presents a perplexing diagnostic problem that usually can be solved with the use of appropriate supportive laboratory tests and awareness of the distinguishing features of th ...	1988	3284366
managing trichomonal vaginitis refractory to conventional treatment with metronidazole.	three patients with vulvovaginitis caused by trichomonas vaginalis, which was refractory to conventional treatment with metronidazole are described. the t vaginalis strain isolated from one patient was resistant to metronidazole (minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) more than 100 mg/l) under aerobic conditions, although under anaerobic conditions it was as susceptible as a normal reference strain. the effect of the concomitant use of other medication and the influence of other vaginal pathogen ...	1988	3278971
[vaccination with solcotrichovac in vaginal trichomoniasis].		1987	3274669
[trichomonas vaginalis, epithelial cells, spermatozoa, and immunologic reactions. how and why an infection persists unchanged despite knowing an adequate drug therapy].		1988	3267183
effect of metronidazole on the cell surface charge of trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus.	1. the effect of metronidazole, a drug used in the treatment of trichomoniasis, on the surface charge of both trichomonas vaginalis and tritichomonas foetus was analyzed by cell electrophoresis. 2. incubation of the parasites under anaerobic conditions for 2 or 120 min in the presence of 2.0 micrograms/ml metronidazole, a concentration which inhibits cell growth by about 50%, led to a marked decrease in the net surface charge of the parasites. 3. the metronidazole analogue, 1-hydroxyethyl-2-meth ...	1988	3266844
trichomonas vaginalis: preliminary characterization of a sperm motility inhibiting factor.	this study determined the effects of trichomonas vaginalis trophozoites, subcellular fractions, and medium from axenic t. vaginalis cultures on human sperm motility and viability. spent medium (ph 7.0) caused complete cessation of sperm motility after 15 minutes incubation. trophozoite soluble fraction or formalin-killed trophozoites caused a 50 percent reduction in sperm motility, compared to 25 percent reduction caused by the trophozoite particulate fraction or the sterile medium and three per ...	1988	3266454
[sensitivity of trichomonas vaginalis to desiccation].		1988	3266051
isoenzyme patterns of isolates of trichomonas vaginalis from vancouver.	isoenzyme patterns of 63 isolates of trichomonas vaginalis obtained in vancouver were evaluated by use of thin-layer starch-gel electrophoresis. we attempted to use eight enzymes, but only four gave reproducible and interpretable results. there were four patterns with malic enzyme, two with malate dehydrogenase, one with hexokinase, and four with lactate dehydrogenase. the isoenzyme patterns of the 63 isolates were classified into 15 groups, but 49 (78%) fell into five groups and 14 (22%) fell i ...	1988	3265809
human amnion membrane as a model for studying the host-parasite relationship in trichomoniasis.		1988	3265702
[a dried nutrient medium made from the fermented hydrolysates of a microorganism biomass for isolating trichomonas vaginalis].		1988	3265559
the effect of hormones on trichomonas vaginalis.	the hormonal milieu can alter susceptibility to infection. the effect of hormones on trichomonas vaginalis was studied utilizing axenically cultured clinical isolates. oestrogens, in physiological concentrations, decreased the growth of the organisms and their attachment to mammalian cells in vitro, and acted as a chemorepellent. the specificity of these effects was verified by their being blocked with anti-oestrogens, by the dose- and time-dependency of the responses, and by the lack of effect ...	1988	3265429
[intradermal test with trichomonas vaginalis allergen in patients with urogenital trichomonas infection].		1988	3265243
[complement-binding antibodies in women simultaneously infected with various species of trichomonas].		1988	3265240
[use of the elisa method in the determination of antibodies to trichomonas vaginalis].		1988	3264749
[verification of the value of the elisa test in the diagnosis of urogenital trichomoniasis].		1988	3264747
effects of antimicrobial agents on growth and chemotaxis of trichomonas vaginalis.	the motility of viable trichomonas vaginalis organisms is readily demonstrable in a clinical wet mount or cultured specimens. we attempted to determine whether migration is a dynamic process such that the organisms move to avoid exposure to toxic antimicrobial agents. with the use of axenic cultures of t. vaginalis that were radiolabeled and assayed for chemotaxis in plastic multiwelled plates with a membrane filter inserted to trap organisms, the response of clinical isolates to various antimic ...	1988	3264130
[ultrastructural analysis of the interrelation of the causative agents of urogenital infections with the cells of the macro-organism in syphilis patients].		1988	3264100
[morphology and biological activity of trichomonas vaginalis grown on various nutrient media].		1988	3264099
demonstration of concanavalin a- and wheat germ agglutinin-binding sites on the trichomonas vaginalis surface coat using lectin-gold particle conjugates.		1988	3263459
monoclonal-antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for trichomonas vaginalis.	trichomonas vaginalis is estimated to infect 4 million women per year in the united states. the diagnosis of trichomoniasis is predominantly achieved by direct microscopic examination of vaginal exudates. this subjective diagnostic procedure is reported to be 75% sensitive under ideal circumstances. we have developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of t. vaginalis directly from vaginal exudates. the elisa employs a monoclonal antibody specific for a 65-kilodalton s ...	1988	3263386
[observation on trichomonas vaginalis by scanning electron microscopy].		1988	3263220
fewer trichomonas vaginalis organisms in vaginas of infected women during menstruation.		1988	3262565
specific parasitism of purified vaginal epithelial cells by trichomonas vaginalis.	human vaginal epithelial cells (vecs) from vaginal swabs obtained from normal women or from patients with trichomoniasis were purified, and vec parasitism by trichomonas vaginalis was examined. trichomonads bound equally well to live or dead vecs, and up to 20% of vecs were parasitized. trichomonal cytadherence of human vecs was time, temperature, and ph dependent. saturation binding levels of live trichomonads to vecs gave approximately 2 organisms adherent to parasitized vec. no differences in ...	1988	3262088
differential susceptibility of fresh trichomonas vaginalis isolates to complement in menstrual blood and cervical mucus.	the ability of complement in human menstrual blood and cervical mucus to kill trichomonas vaginalis was compared with that of complement in serum, and 95 fresh trichomonal isolates obtained from vaginal wash material were evaluated for susceptibility to complement immediately after isolation. only serum and menstrual blood with haemolytic activity produced total cytolysis of t vaginalis. the cytolytic abilities of these fluids were totally inactivated by treatment with heat or edetic acid (edta) ...	1988	3261708
[anthelmintic agents. 5. long-chain and hydroheterocyclic-substituted chloro-diallylamino-1,3,5-triazines].		1988	3260475
flagella-bearing bare trichomonas vaginalis nuclei in papanicolaou smears.		1988	3259922
determination of cytopathogenic effects of trichomonas vaginalis on cultured cells by assaying 51cr release.	by use of an assay for 51cr release, it was attempted to determine the cytopathogenic effects of trichomonas vaginalis on mammalian cultured cells. 51cr was released from na2(51)cro4-labeled hela, l-929, fl, vero and llc-mk 2 cells. hela cells were most sensitive to the damage, followed by l-929, fl, vero and llc-mk 2 cells. the effect depended upon the number of parasite and the incubation period. the maximum 51cr release from the labeled cells was observed at 37 degrees c and ph 6.0. these res ...	1988	3259767
in vitro susceptibility of trichomonas vaginalis to metronidazole and treatment outcome in vaginal trichomoniasis.	we have identified trichomonas vaginalis strains resistant in vitro to metronidazole, especially under aerobic conditions. since little is known about the relationship of treatment outcome to metronidazole susceptibility of t. vaginalis, we studied the aerobic and anaerobic susceptibility to metronidazole of 310 clinical isolates of t. vaginalis. of 199 patients with known outcomes after metronidazole treatment for vaginal trichomoniasis, the geometric mean minimal lethal concentration (mlc) und ...	1988	3258675
mouse spleen cell responses to trichomonal antigens in experimental trichomonas vaginalis infection.	subcutaneous inoculation of live t. vaginalis into mice caused splenomegaly, particularly when using strains of parasites with low pathogenicity. the proliferative responses of spleen cells from uninfected mice, as measured by [3h] tdr uptake, showed that trichomonal antigens, whether from strains with high or low pathogenicity, have no mitogenic activity. spleen cells from mice infected with trichomonads of low pathogenicity showed a proliferative response to trichomonal antigens that was maxim ...	1988	3258637
use of a crude extract or a purified antigen of trichomonas vaginalis for the detection of secretory antibodies by elisa.	a crude aqueous extract (t2) or a gel-filtration purified antigen of t. vaginalis was utilized to detect secretory antibodies in cervico-vaginal secretions by elisa. the test was developed under optimum conditions using a rabbit anti-trichomonas serum. conditions established for monitoring antibodies to trichomonas in immunized rabbits were equally effective for human secretions. the crude extract was capable of assessing secretory antibodies in 45% of women with acute trichomoniasis and 43% of ...	1988	3258398
in vitro susceptibility of trichomonas vaginalis to 50 antimicrobial agents.	we determined the susceptibilities of five strains of trichomonas vaginalis, one of which was metronidazole resistant, to 50 antimicrobial agents. for the metronidazole-susceptible strains, the most active agents were metronidazole, tinidazole, mebendazole, furazolidone, and anisomycin. against the resistant strain mebendazole, furazolidone, and anisomycin were the most active. antifungal agents, beta-lactams, macrolides, aminoglycosides, and folic acid antagonists were ineffective against all s ...	1988	3258142
fewer trichomonas vaginalis organisms in vaginas of infected women during menstruation.	the aims of the present study were to count trichomonas vaginalis organisms recovered from the vaginas of patients with trichomoniasis, and to obtain data concerning changes in sizes of trichomonal populations during the menstrual cycle. in about 80% of symptomatic as well as symptomless patients, more than 1 x 10(5) parasites per ml could be obtained from vaginal washes. during menstruation, however, the number of trichomonads decreased appreciably, with subsequent increases within three to six ...	1988	3257936
the purification and properties of two soluble reduced nicotinamide: acceptor oxidoreductases from trichomonas vaginalis.	the occurrence of soluble reduced nicotinamide nucleotide:acceptor oxidoreductases has been reported in a number of strains of the oxygen-tolerant anaerobe trichomonas vaginalis and other trichomonad species. the quantitatively more important enzyme in most strains of t. vaginalis is an nadh oxidase which produces water from the reduction of oxygen. this enzyme has been purified by a combination of gel filtration, chromatofocusing, cibacron blue chromatography and high pressure gel permeation ch ...	1988	3257811
the diagnosis of vaginal trichomoniasis.		1988	3257533
identification and properties of trichomonas vaginalis proteins involved in cytadherence.	trichomonas vaginalis nyh286 surface proteins which are candidates for mediating parasite cytadherence (adhesins) were identified. at least four trichomonad protein ligands ranging in relative molecular mass from 65 to less than or equal to 21 kilodaltons were found to selectively bind to chemically stabilized hela cells. the proteins were present on the surfaces of 10 different isolates of t. vaginalis examined; however, the nonpathogenic trichomonad t. tenax did not possess similar hela cell-b ...	1988	3257206
[cyto-microbiologic study of cervico-vaginal specimens, associated with a serologic study to detect sexually transmissible diseases in madagascan prostitutes].	a microbiological survey of cervical and vaginal smears associated with a serological survey of sexual diseases was carried out on 298 prostitutes at the four principal malagasy sea ports. this survey leads us to these conclusions: the great frequency of specific inflammations (72.1%) with trichomonas vaginalis in the first place (39.2%). the serological tests proved a high rate of positive treponemical serologies (25.2%), whose the half of the cases are evolutive forms. nevertheless prevalence ...	1988	3242427
multiple populations of double-stranded rna in two virus-harbouring strains of trichomonas vaginalis.	the existence of six dsrna segments of trichomonas vaginalis virus was confirmed and the molar mass and relative abundance of these segments were determined by agarose gel electrophoresis with reovirus dsrna serving as a standard. the m's were 3.5, 3.4, 3.2, 2.5, 1.4 and 0.34 mg/mol for the two strains studied, the relative abundances, however, were 1.0, 1.4, 3.0, 0.3, 2.7, 4.2 and 1.0, 0.6, 1.7, 0.5, 3.4 1.0 for these strains, respectively. cell homogenate fractionation showed that all dsrna se ...	1988	3240907
giardia duodenalis: enhanced growth in cell culture.	growth of giardia duodenalis in broth and in animals has been studied in considerable detail. in contrast, the kinetics of growth in cell culture have been little evaluated. in this study, in vitro growth of g. duodenalis was evaluated in cell culture, primarily using mouse mccoy cells in vials. the media used were giardia broth (tyi-g), trichomonas vaginalis broth (tyi-t), and standard cell culture media (cmga) alone and in combination (2 parts by volume cmga to one part of tyi broth). addition ...	1988	3232182
giardia-bile salt interactions in vitro and in vivo.	giardia lamblia predominantly colonizes the proximal small intestine where bile is plentiful. we have investigated interactions between bile and this parasite by (i) examining the specificity of the stimulatory effect of bile on parasite growth in vitro, (ii) studying the possible association between giardiasis and bile salt deconjugation in vivo, and (iii) quantifying bile salt uptake by giardia and relating this to uptake by other microorganisms. our findings indicate that the growth promoting ...	1988	3232181
prostitution in sheffield: differences between prostitutes.	this study to assess differences between street walking prostitutes and sauna girls who attended this clinic in 1986 and 1987 showed that fewer street walkers used barrier methods for disease prevention with clients or accepted tests for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) when offered and more street walkers practised their profession in both sheffield and london. they therefore represent a potential pathway for the heterosexual spread of hiv to the region. trichomonas vaginalis was ...	1988	3224974
effects of antimicrobial therapy on sperm-mucus interaction.	sperm-mucus interaction under in-vitro or in-vivo conditions might be affected by microorganisms colonizing the reproductive tract. in order to study the influence of antimicrobial therapy, an extensive microbial screening was performed including chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, neisseria gonorrhoeae, a broad spectrum of potentially pathogenic aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, trichomonas vaginalis, herpes simplex virus and yeasts. one-hundred-and-six couples with ...	1988	3182976
the interaction of trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus with epithelial cells in vitro.	the madin-darby canine kidney epithelial cell line (mdck) was used as a model for trichomonad-host cell interaction. two laboratory strains of the human parasite trichomonas vaginalis and the cattle's parasite tritrichomonas foetus or their supernatants from axenic cultures were allowed to interact with confluent epithelial cultures. the interaction process studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopy revealed that both parasites adhere to monolayers through flagella, cell body and p ...	1988	3180257
basic properties of tritrichomonas mobilensis hemagglutinin.	tritrichomonas mobilensis is a recently described enteric protozoon of squirrel monkeys. an earlier report identified one of the metabolic products of this organism as a lectinlike hemagglutinin. its further properties were determined in this study. culture supernatants of t. mobilensis fp4190 were concentrated by ultrafiltration through a membrane with 100,000-molecular-weight cutoff. high titers of agglutinin against human erythrocytes were obtained. incubation at 70 degrees c for 15 min resul ...	1988	3170709
[the microbiological characteristics of bacterial vaginosis].		1987	3154365
microbiological profile of the cervix in 1,000 sexually active women.	one thousand consecutive women who attended the richmond family planning association clinic and who were to undergo a vaginal examination were asked to participate in a large prospective microbiological study. participants were questioned about their sexual activity during the previous 12 months and any apparent signs of sexually transmitted disease. on examination the cervix was inspected for evidence of inflammation, ectopy or discharge and cervical swabs were taken microbiological assessment. ...	1988	3148302
effect of dl-alpha-difluoromethylornithine on polyamine synthesis and interconversion in trichomonas vaginalis grown in a semi-defined medium.	growth of trichomonas vaginalis in a semi-defined medium was inhibited by 5 mm dl-alpha-difluoromethylornithine (dfmo). using high pressure liquid chromatography (hplc) analysis, putrescine and cadaverine levels were found to be 90 and 100% reduced, respectively after 120 h exposure, whilst spermidine and spermine levels were unchanged. putrescine (40 microm) and cadaverine (6 microm) were detected in the spent media from control cultures. neither of these diamines was detected in spent media fr ...	1988	3141809
comparison of four methods to detect trichomonas vaginalis.	four methods for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis in vaginal secretions from 88 symptomatic patients were compared: wet-mount examination, kupferberg liquid medium, hirsch charcoal agar, and the papanicolaou smear. hirsch diphasic slants and kupferberg medium did not significantly differ in sensitivity from direct examination of wet mounts. the papanicolaou smear identification of trichomonads was found to be the least sensitive method evaluated.	1988	3141470
gardnerella vaginalis is associated with other sexually transmittable microorganisms in the male urethra.	in a prospective study, urethral swabs were taken from 544 men presented to an std clinic, 118 with and 426 without urethritis, and examined by microscope and/or culture for g. vaginalis, chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, ureaplasma urealyticum, mycoplasma hominis, candida species and trichomonas vaginalis. g. vaginalis was isolated from 4.2% of the males with urethritis and from 6.3% of those without urethritis. using loglinear analysis, the following associations were significant ( ...	1988	3140532
the release of hydrolases from trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus.	trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus were found to release large amounts of beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase (ec 3.2.1.30), alpha-mannosidase (ec 3.2.1.24), beta-glucosidase (ec 3.2.1.21), acid phosphatase (ec 3.1.3.2) and proteinases during axenic growth in vitro. the enzymes were released continually throughout the growth phase, with the extracellular activity being of the same order as that within the cells. there was differential release of proteinases from trichomonas vaginalis. the ...	1988	3140008
[phagocytosis of streptococcus faecalis by trichomonas vaginalis. electron microscopy studies].		1987	3136590
lower genital tract infections in women: comparison of clinical and epidemiologic findings with microbiology.	we screened 392 women attending the laboratory of microbiology of toulouse purpan hospital for symptoms of lower genital tract infection for six microorganisms. rates of isolation of neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, candida albicans, mycoplasma hominis, and gardnerella vaginalis were 1%, 7.7%, 29.8%, 23.8%, and 37.5%, respectively. trichomonas vaginalis was detected by direct examination in specimens from 3.1% of patients. another goal of this study was to determine the relative pre ...	1988	3135608
some aspects of the diagnosis of specific vaginal infections in the rotterdam std clinic population.	we studied specific vaginal infections in 351 consecutive women who visited the rotterdam std clinic. prostitutes less often had vaginal or vulvar complaints than non-prostitutes (fisher test, p less than 0.01), but more often had abnormal discharge (fisher test, p less than 0.001). normal secretions were found in 52% of the women. clue cell-positive discharge (ccpd) was by far the most prevalent vaginal disease entity (32%). the wet mount showed pseudo-hyphae in 14 women (4%) and trichomonas va ...	1988	3134262
[the current status of trichomonas vaginalis infections of the male urogenital organ].		1987	3130432
prevalence of lower genital tract infections in pregnancy.	a descriptive profile of 106 pregnant women with various forms of cervicitis and vaginitis is provided. fifty women attending individual physicians' private offices are compared with 56 clinic patients: 34 attending a university prenatal teaching clinic and 22 attending a pregnancy termination unit. univariate analysis showed that single women were significantly more likely to be infected by mycoplasmas, yeasts, trichomonads, and gardnerella vaginalis than were married women. teenagers were more ...	1988	3128883
the prevalence of sexually transmitted disease agents in pregnant women in suva.	routine testing of 440 women (257 fijians, 183 indians) at the first antenatal attendance identified chlamydia trachomatis in 50% of fijians and 38% of indians; the seropositivity rates for syphilis were 14.2% and 1.7% respectively, and the isolation rates for n. gonorrhoeae were 3.1% in fijians and 1.1% in indians.	1987	3124803
antimicrobial properties of aromatic compounds of plant origin.	the antimicrobial action of 11 compounds involving guaiacyl- and syringyl-like structures (low-molecular-weight part of lignin), gallic acid and its derivatives, cinnamic acid and its derivatives, veratric acid, anisic acid and crotonic acid (a total of 25 compounds) against bacteria, yeast-like organisms and protozoa was examined. aromatic compounds modified in the c-side chain and aldehydes were effective preferentially against trichomonas vaginalis, whereas against bacteria and yeast-like org ...	1987	3121479
antitrichomonal activity of alpha-difluoromethylornithine.	alpha-difluoromethylornithine, an inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis, affected the pathogenicity of trichomonas vaginalis in two model systems. firstly, it blocked the cytotoxic effect of the parasite towards mammalian cells in culture: at a concentration of 1 mm it prevented the death of mouse myeloma cells in mixed culture with trichomonads. secondly, when administered orally to mice (multiple doses of 750 mg/kg body wt), the drug delayed the development of subcutaneous abscesses due to t. va ...	1987	3119554
sexually transmittable organisms in the urethra of males with and without urethritis.	in 589 males, 169 with and 420 without urethritis, urethral swabs were taken and assessed semiquantitatively for the sexually transmittable infectious agents neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma urealyticum, mycoplasma hominis, trichomonas vaginalis and candida species. the organisms were isolated in patients with and without urethritis as follows: n. gonorrhoeae with urethritis 19.5%, without 0.0%; c. trachomatis with urethritis 16.0%, without 2.9%; u. urealyticum (high cfu- ...	1987	3118595
antimicrobial effects of some mono- and bishydrazones.	antibacterial, antifungal and antiprotozoal effects of nine mono- and bishydrazones of glycolaldehyde, glyoxal, methoxyacetaldehyde and glutaraldehyde were studied using eight model organisms. it was found that bishydrazones are much more efficient antimicrobial agents than monohydrazones in the case of all model microorganisms.	1987	3117651
influence of microbial colonization on sperm-mucus interaction in vivo and in vitro.	two-hundred-and-thirty-three asymptomatic couples with a mean duration of infertility of 5 years were submitted to postcoital testing (pt) and to sperm penetration meter test (spmt) and simultaneous microbial screening. cervical swabs and semen specimens were collected for culture of mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, other potentially pathogenic and commensal aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, herpes simplex virus, vaginal swabs for trichomona ...	1987	3114313
s-adenosylmethionine and transmethylation reactions in trichomonads.	s-adenosylmethionine (sam) levels in trichomonads, a range of trypanosomatids and mouse liver were measured using hplc techniques. the concentrations were found to be similar in each with the exception of herpetomonas muscarum ingenoplastis, which contained approximately ten-fold more. living trichomonads were found to incorporate exogenous l-methionine into intracellular sam and its methyl carbon was also detected in lipids and nucleic acids, presumably through its involvement in transmethylati ...	1987	3108875
evaluation of new plastic envelope microbiology (pem) methods as adjuncts in the diagnosis of candida albicans and trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis.		1986	3095702
aminotransferase activities in trichomonas vaginalis.	a survey of aminotransferase activities present in a cell-free extract of the anaerobic protozoan, trichomonas vaginalis was performed. 2-oxoglutarate, oxaloacetate or phenylpyruvate acted as effective amino acceptors with tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, leucine, valine, isoleucine, aspartate, alanine, ornithine or lysine. arginine, serine, glutamine, glycine, beta-alanine and gamma-aminobutyrate were not active as amino donors. with pyruvate as acceptor, significant, yet low, activity was ...	1986	3095639
[heterogeneity of tubulins of parasitic protozoa].		1986	3092715
risk of transmission of sexually transmitted diseases by cryopreserved semen.	the increasing incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (std) involves the risk of the transmission of these diseases by the artificial insemination. therefore the cryotolerance of several microorganisms causing std and the efficiency of penicillin of the cryoprotective medium (cmp) against neisseria gonorrhoeae (n.g.) were investigated. the results have shown that penicillinase-producing n.g. (ppng), genital mycoplasmas and candida species survive the cryopreservation. trichomonas vaginalis c ...	1986	3090904