Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| a survey of ppr proteins identifies dyw domains like those of land plant rna editing factors in diverse eukaryotes. | the pentatricopeptide repeat modules of ppr proteins are key to their sequence-specific binding to rnas. gene families encoding ppr proteins are greatly expanded in land plants where hundreds of them participate in rna maturation, mainly in mitochondria and chloroplasts. many plant ppr proteins contain additional carboxyterminal domains and have been identified as essential factors for specific events of c-to-u rna editing, which is abundant in the two endosymbiotic plant organelles. among those ... | 2013 | 23899506 |
| application of variable-number tandem-repeat typing to discriminate ralstonia solanacearum strains associated with english watercourses and disease outbreaks. | variable-number tandem-repeat (vntr) analysis was used for high-resolution discrimination among ralstonia solanacearum phylotype iib sequevar 1 (piib-1) isolates and further evaluated for use in source tracing. five tandem-repeat-containing loci (comprising six tandem repeats) discriminated 17 different vntr profiles among 75 isolates from potato, geranium, bittersweet (solanum dulcamara), tomato, and the environment. r. solanacearum isolates from crops at three unrelated outbreak sites where ri ... | 2013 | 23892739 |
| lactoferrin-derived resistance against plant pathogens in transgenic plants. | lactoferrin (lf) is a ubiquitous cationic iron-binding milk glycoprotein that contributes to nutrition and exerts a broad-spectrum primary defense against bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses in mammals. these qualities make lactoferrin protein and its antimicrobial motifs highly desirable candidates to be incorporated in plants to impart broad-based resistance against plant pathogens or to economically produce them in bulk quantities for pharmaceutical and nutritional purposes. this study int ... | 2013 | 23889215 |
| hrp mutant bacteria as biocontrol agents: toward a sustainable approach in the fight against plant pathogenic bacteria. | sustainable agriculture necessitates development of environmentally safe methods to protect plants against pathogens. among these methods, application of biocontrol agents has been efficiently used to minimize disease development. here we review current understanding of mechanisms involved in biocontrol of the main gram-phytopathogenic bacteria-induced diseases by plant inoculation with strains mutated in hrp (hypersensitive response and pathogenicity) genes. these mutants are able to penetrate ... | 2013 | 23887499 |
| cryptogein-induced transcriptional reprogramming in tobacco is light dependent. | the fungal elicitor cryptogein triggers a light-dependent hypersensitive response in tobacco (nicotiana tabacum). to assess the effect of light on this nonhost resistance in more detail, we studied various aspects of the response under dark and light conditions using the tobacco-cryptogein experimental system. here, we show that light drastically alters the plant's transcriptional response to cryptogein, notably by dampening the induction of genes involved in multiple processes, such as ethylene ... | 2013 | 23878079 |
| graph-based modeling of tandem repeats improves global multiple sequence alignment. | tandem repeats (trs) are often present in proteins with crucial functions, responsible for resistance, pathogenicity and associated with infectious or neurodegenerative diseases. this motivates numerous studies of trs and their evolution, requiring accurate multiple sequence alignment. trs may be lost or inserted at any position of a tr region by replication slippage or recombination, but current methods assume fixed unit boundaries, and yet are of high complexity. we present a new global graph- ... | 2013 | 23877246 |
| mycorrhiza-induced resistance: more than the sum of its parts? | plants can develop an enhanced defensive capacity in response to infection by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf). this 'mycorrhiza-induced resistance' (mir) provides systemic protection against a wide range of attackers and shares characteristics with systemic acquired resistance (sar) after pathogen infection and induced systemic resistance (isr) following root colonisation by non-pathogenic rhizobacteria. it is commonly assumed that fungal stimulation of the plant immune system is solely respo ... | 2013 | 23871659 |
| putative osmosensor--oshk3b--a histidine kinase protein from rice shows high structural conservation with its ortholog athk1 from arabidopsis. | prokaryotes and eukaryotes respond to various environmental stimuli using the two-component system (tcs). essentially, it consists of membrane-bound histidine kinase (hk) which senses the stimuli and further transfers the signal to the response regulator, which in turn, regulates expression of various target genes. recently, sequence-based genome wide analysis has been carried out in arabidopsis and rice to identify all the putative members of tcs family. one of the members of this family i.e. a ... | 2013 | 23869567 |
| putative osmosensor--oshk3b--a histidine kinase protein from rice shows high structural conservation with its ortholog athk1 from arabidopsis. | prokaryotes and eukaryotes respond to various environmental stimuli using the two-component system (tcs). essentially, it consists of membrane-bound histidine kinase (hk) which senses the stimuli and further transfers the signal to the response regulator, which in turn, regulates expression of various target genes. recently, sequence-based genome wide analysis has been carried out in arabidopsis and rice to identify all the putative members of tcs family. one of the members of this family i.e. a ... | 2013 | 23869567 |
| allelic variation in two distinct pseudomonas syringae flagellin epitopes modulates the strength of plant immune responses but not bacterial motility. | the bacterial flagellin (flic) epitopes flg22 and flgii-28 are microbe-associated molecular patterns (mamps). although flg22 is recognized by many plant species via the pattern recognition receptor fls2, neither the flgii-28 receptor nor the extent of flgii-28 recognition by different plant families is known. here, we tested the significance of flgii-28 as a mamp and the importance of allelic diversity in flg22 and flgii-28 in plant-pathogen interactions using purified peptides and a pseudomonas ... | 2013 | 23865782 |
| reduction of lectin valency drastically changes glycolipid dynamics in membranes but not surface avidity. | multivalency is proposed to play a role in the strong avidity of lectins for glycosylated cell surfaces and also in their ability to affect membrane dynamics by clustering glycosphingolipids. lectins with modified valency were designed from the β-propeller fold of ralstonia solanacearum lectin (rsl) that presents six fucose binding sites. after identification of key amino acids by molecular dynamics calculations, two mutants with reduced valency were produced. isothermal titration calorimetry co ... | 2013 | 23855446 |
| cotton ghmkk1 induces the tolerance of salt and drought stress, and mediates defence responses to pathogen infection in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana. | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (mapkk) mediate a variety of stress responses in plants. so far little is known on the functional role of mapkks in cotton. in the present study, gossypium hirsutum mkk1 (ghmkk1) function was investigated. ghmkk1 protein may activate its specific targets in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. treatments with salt, drought, and h2o2 induced the expression of ghmkk1 and increased the activity of ghmkk1, while overexpression of ghmkk1 in nicotiana benthamiana en ... | 2013 | 23844212 |
| cyanobacterial toxin degrading bacteria: who are they? | cyanobacteria are ubiquitous in nature and are both beneficial and detrimental to humans. benefits include being food supplements and producing bioactive compounds, like antimicrobial and anticancer substances, while their detrimental effects are evident by toxin production, causing major ecological problems at the ecosystem level. to date, there are several ways to degrade or transform these toxins by chemical methods, while the biodegradation of these compounds is understudied. in this paper, ... | 2013 | 23841072 |
| global genetics and invasion history of the potato powdery scab pathogen, spongospora subterranea f.sp. subterranea. | spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea (sss) causes two diseases on potato (solanum tuberosum), lesions on tubers and galls on roots, which are economically important worldwide. knowledge of global genetic diversity and population structure of pathogens is essential for disease management including resistance breeding. a combination of microsatellite and dna sequence data was used to investigate the structure and invasion history of sss. south american populations (four countries, 132 sample ... | 2013 | 23840791 |
| the effect of transitional organic production practices on soilborne pests of tomato in a simulated microplot study. | the perceived risk of pest resurgence upon transition from conventional to organic-based farming systems remains a critical obstacle to expanding organic vegetable production, particularly where chemical fumigants have provided soilborne pest and disease control. microplots were used to study the effects of soil amendments and cropping sequences applied over a 2-year transitional period from conventional to organic tomato (solanum lycopersicum) cultivation on the incidence of bacterial wilt caus ... | 2013 | 23837543 |
| quorum sensing: a nobel target for antibacterial agents. | 2012 | 23826557 | |
| synthesis, antibacterial activities, and 3d-qsar of sulfone derivatives containing 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole moiety. | a series of sulfone derivatives containing 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole moiety were prepared and evaluated for their antibacterial activities by the turbidimeter test. most compounds inhibited growth of ralstonia solanacearum (r. solanacearum) from tomato and tobacco bacterial wilt with high potency, among which compounds 5a and 5b exhibited the most potent inhibition against r. solanacearum from tomato and tobacco bacterial wilts with ec50 values of 19.77 and 8.29 μg/ml, respectively. our results also de ... | 2013 | 23819471 |
| proteomic and biochemical analyses of the cotyledon and root of flooding-stressed soybean plants. | flooding significantly reduces the growth and grain yield of soybean plants. proteomic and biochemical techniques were used to determine whether the function of cotyledon and root is altered in soybean under flooding stress. | 2013 | 23799004 |
| a revision of the dulcamaroid clade of solanum l. (solanaceae). | the dulcamaroid clade of solanum contains 45 species of mostly vining or weakly scandent species, including the common circumboreal weed solanum dulcamara l. the group comprises members of the previously recognised infrageneric groupings sect. andropedas rusby, sect. californisolanum a. child, sect. dulcamara (moench) dumort., sect. holophylla (g.don) walp., sect. jasminosolanum (bitter) seithe, sect.lysiphellos (bitter) seithe, subsect. nitidum a.child and sect. subdulcamara dunal. these infrag ... | 2013 | 23794937 |
| an iterative type i polyketide synthase initiates the biosynthesis of the antimycoplasma agent micacocidin. | micacocidin is a thiazoline-containing natural product from the bacterium ralstonia solanacearum that shows significant activity against mycoplasma pneumoniae. the presence of a pentylphenol moiety distinguishes micacocidin from the structurally related siderophore yersiniabactin, and this residue also contributes to the potent antimycoplasma effects. the biosynthesis of the pentylphenol moiety, as deduced from bioinformatic analysis and stable isotope feeding experiments, involves an iterative ... | 2013 | 23790487 |
| a translationally controlled tumor protein negatively regulates the hypersensitive response in nicotiana benthamiana. | we have been isolating and characterizing ralstonia solanacearum-responsive genes (rsrgs) in nicotiana plants. in this study we focused on rsrg308, which we renamed nbtctp (n. benthamiana translationally controlled tumor protein) because it encodes a polypeptide showing similarity to translationally controlled tumor proteins. induction of the hypersensitive response (hr) was accelerated in nbtctp-silenced n. benthamiana plants challenged with r. solanacearum 8107 (rs8107). the rs8107 population ... | 2013 | 23788648 |
| the xanthomonas campestris type iii effector xopj targets the host cell proteasome to suppress salicylic-acid mediated plant defence. | the phytopathogenic bacterium xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (xcv) requires type iii effector proteins (t3es) for virulence. after translocation into the host cell, t3es are thought to interact with components of host immunity to suppress defence responses. xopj is a t3e protein from xcv that interferes with plant immune responses; however, its host cellular target is unknown. here we show that xopj interacts with the proteasomal subunit rpt6 in yeast and in planta to inhibit proteasome ... | 2013 | 23785289 |
| pathogenicity of and plant immunity to soft rot pectobacteria. | soft rot pectobacteria are broad host range enterobacterial pathogens that cause disease on a variety of plant species including the major crop potato. pectobacteria are aggressive necrotrophs that harbor a large arsenal of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes as their primary virulence determinants. these enzymes together with additional virulence factors are employed to macerate the host tissue and promote host cell death to provide nutrients for the pathogens. in contrast to (hemi)biotrophs such ... | 2013 | 23781227 |
| the rhizosphere revisited: root microbiomics. | the rhizosphere was defined over 100 years ago as the zone around the root where microorganisms and processes important for plant growth and health are located. recent studies show that the diversity of microorganisms associated with the root system is enormous. this rhizosphere microbiome extends the functional repertoire of the plant beyond imagination. the rhizosphere microbiome of arabidopsis thaliana is currently being studied for the obvious reason that it allows the use of the extensive t ... | 2013 | 23755059 |
| the antibiotic resistance "mobilome": searching for the link between environment and clinic. | antibiotic resistance is an ancient problem, owing to the co-evolution of antibiotic-producing and target organisms in the soil and other environments over millennia. the environmental "resistome" is the collection of all genes that directly or indirectly contribute to antibiotic resistance. many of these resistance determinants originate in antibiotic-producing organisms (where they serve to mediate self-immunity), while others become resistance determinants only when mobilized and over-express ... | 2013 | 23755047 |
| disease resistance or growth: the role of plant hormones in balancing immune responses and fitness costs. | plant growth and response to environmental cues are largely governed by phytohormones. the plant hormones ethylene, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid (sa) play a central role in the regulation of plant immune responses. in addition, other plant hormones, such as auxins, abscisic acid (aba), cytokinins, gibberellins, and brassinosteroids, that have been thoroughly described to regulate plant development and growth, have recently emerged as key regulators of plant immunity. plant hormones interact ... | 2013 | 23745126 |
| combining hexanoic acid plant priming with bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal activity against colorado potato beetle. | interaction between insect herbivores and host plants can be modulated by endogenous and exogenous compounds present in the source of food and might be successfully exploited in colorado potato beetle (cpb) pest management. feeding tests with cpb larvae reared on three solanaceous plants (potato, eggplant and tomato) resulted in variable larval growth rates and differential susceptibility to bacillus thuringiensis cry3aa toxin as a function of the host plant. an inverse correlation with toxicity ... | 2013 | 23743826 |
| genome microscale heterogeneity among wild potatoes revealed by diversity arrays technology marker sequences. | tuber-bearing potato species possess several genes that can be exploited to improve the genetic background of the cultivated potato solanum tuberosum. among them, s. bulbocastanum and s. commersonii are well known for their strong resistance to environmental stresses. however, scant information is available for these species in terms of genome organization, gene function, and regulatory networks. consequently, genomic tools to assist breeding are meager, and efficient exploitation of these speci ... | 2013 | 23738318 |
| natural genetic variation of xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris pathogenicity on arabidopsis revealed by association and reverse genetics. | abstract the pathogenic bacterium xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, the causal agent of black rot of brassicaceae, manipulates the physiology and the innate immunity of its hosts. association genetic and reverse-genetic analyses of a world panel of 45 x. campestris pv. campestris strains were used to gain understanding of the genetic basis of the bacterium's pathogenicity to arabidopsis thaliana. we found that the compositions of the minimal predicted type iii secretome varied extensively, ... | 2013 | 23736288 |
| the role of tir-nbs and tir-x proteins in plant basal defense responses. | toll/interleukin receptor (tir) domain-containing proteins encoded in the arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) genome include the tir-nucleotide binding site (tn) and tir-unknown site/domain (tx) families. we investigated the function of these proteins. transient overexpression of five tx and tn genes in tobacco (nicotiana benthamiana) induced chlorosis. this induced chlorosis was dependent on enhanced disease resistance1, a dependency conserved in both tobacco and arabidopsis. stable overexpressi ... | 2013 | 23735504 |
| constraints on genome dynamics revealed from gene distribution among the ralstonia solanacearum species. | because it is suspected that gene content may partly explain host adaptation and ecology of pathogenic bacteria, it is important to study factors affecting genome composition and its evolution. while recent genomic advances have revealed extremely large pan-genomes for some bacterial species, it remains difficult to predict to what extent gene pool is accessible within or transferable between populations. as genomes bear imprints of the history of the organisms, gene distribution pattern analyse ... | 2013 | 23723974 |
| [identification of 16s rna and pagl genes of ralstonia solanacearum]. | features of nucleic acids sequences of genes of lipid a deacylases of r. solanacearum, which are presented in genbank database, were analyzed. primers to this gene were selected, and using them 12 strains of r. solanacearum were analyzed for the presence of this gene in their genome by means of pcr method. pagl gene was identified in strain 749, and dependence of its transcription on some environmental conditions was established. | 2013 | 23720961 |
| ralstonia solanacearum, a widespread bacterial plant pathogen in the post-genomic era. | ralstonia solanacearum is a soil-borne bacterium causing the widespread disease known as bacterial wilt. ralstonia solanacearum is also the causal agent of moko disease of banana and brown rot of potato. since the last r. solanacearum pathogen profile was published 10 years ago, studies concerning this plant pathogen have taken a genomic and post-genomic direction. this was pioneered by the first sequenced and annotated genome for a major plant bacterial pathogen and followed by many more genome ... | 2013 | 23718203 |
| isr meets sar outside: additive action of the endophyte bacillus pumilus inr7 and the chemical inducer, benzothiadiazole, on induced resistance against bacterial spot in field-grown pepper. | induced resistance has been recognized as an attractive tool for plant disease management in modern agriculture. during the last two decades, studies on chemically- and biologically elicited induced resistance have revealed previously unknown features of the plant defense response including defense priming. as a biological trigger for induced resistance, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) are a group of root-associated bacteria that can reduce plant disease severity and incidence, and a ... | 2013 | 23717313 |
| complete sequence of poz176, a 500-kilobase incp-2 plasmid encoding imp-9-mediated carbapenem resistance, from outbreak isolate pseudomonas aeruginosa 96. | pseudomonas aeruginosa 96 (pa96) was isolated during a multicenter surveillance study in guangzhou, china, in 2000. whole-genome sequencing of this outbreak strain facilitated analysis of its incp-2 carbapenem-resistant plasmid, poz176. the plasmid had a length of 500,839 bp and an average percent g+c content of 57%. of the 618 predicted open reading frames, 65% encode hypothetical proteins. the poz176 backbone is not closely related to any plasmids thus far sequenced, but some similarity to pqb ... | 2013 | 23716048 |
| genomic analysis of the native european solanum species, s. dulcamara. | solanum dulcamara (bittersweet, climbing nightshade) is one of the few species of the solanaceae family native to europe. as a common weed it is adapted to a wide range of ecological niches and it has long been recognized as one of the alternative hosts for pathogens and pests responsible for many important diseases in potato, such as phytophthora. at the same time, it may represent an alternative source of resistance genes against these diseases. despite its unique ecology and potential as a ge ... | 2013 | 23713999 |
| a remarkable synergistic effect at the transcriptomic level in peach fruits doubly infected by prunus necrotic ringspot virus and peach latent mosaic viroid. | microarray profiling is a powerful technique to investigate expression changes of large amounts of genes in response to specific environmental conditions. the majority of the studies investigating gene expression changes in virus-infected plants are limited to interactions between a virus and a model host plant, which usually is arabidopsis thaliana or nicotiana benthamiana. in the present work, we performed microarray profiling to explore changes in the expression profile of field-grown prunus ... | 2013 | 23710752 |
| engineering microbial cells for the biosynthesis of natural compounds of pharmaceutical significance. | microbes constitute important platforms for the biosynthesis of numerous molecules of pharmaceutical interest such as antitumor, anticancer, antiviral, antihypertensive, antiparasitic, antioxidant, immunological agents, and antibiotics as well as hormones, belonging to various chemical families, for instance, terpenoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, polyketides, amines, and proteins. engineering microbial factories offers rich opportunities for the production of natural products that are too complex ... | 2013 | 23710459 |
| tal effectors: highly adaptable phytobacterial virulence factors and readily engineered dna-targeting proteins. | transcription activator-like (tal) effectors are transcription factors injected into plant cells by pathogenic bacteria of the genus xanthomonas. they function as virulence factors by activating host genes important for disease, or as avirulence factors by turning on genes that provide resistance. dna-binding specificity is encoded by polymorphic repeats in each protein that correspond one-to-one with different nucleotides. this code has facilitated target identification and opened new avenues f ... | 2013 | 23707478 |
| functional analysis of ralstonia solanacearum prhg regulating the hrp regulon in host plants. | genes in the hrp regulon encode component proteins of the type iii secretion system and are essential for the pathogenicity of ralstonia solanacearum. the hrp regulon is controlled by hrpb. we isolated several genes regulating hrpb expression from the japanese strain oe1-1 using minitransposon mutagenesis. among them, we mainly focused on two genes, hrpg and prhg, which are the positive regulators of hrpb. although the global virulence regulator phca negatively regulated hrpg expression via prhi ... | 2013 | 23704782 |
| glutathione and tryptophan metabolism are required for arabidopsis immunity during the hypersensitive response to hemibiotrophs. | the hypersensitive response (hr) is a type of strong immune response found in plants that is accompanied by localized cell death. however, it is unclear how hr can block a broad range of pathogens with different infective modes. in this study, we report that γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase gsh1, which is critical for glutathione biosynthesis, and tryptophan (trp) metabolism contribute to hr and block development of fungal pathogens with hemibiotrophic infective modes. we found that gsh1 is involve ... | 2013 | 23696664 |
| breaking the dna-binding code of ralstonia solanacearum tal effectors provides new possibilities to generate plant resistance genes against bacterial wilt disease. | ralstonia solanacearum is a devastating bacterial phytopathogen with a broad host range. ralstonia solanacearum injected effector proteins (rips) are key to the successful invasion of host plants. we have characterized brg11(hrpb-regulated 11), the first identified member of a class of rips with high sequence similarity to the transcription activator-like (tal) effectors of xanthomonas spp., collectively termed riptals. fluorescence microscopy of in planta expressed riptals showed nuclear locali ... | 2013 | 23692030 |
| antibacterial activity against ralstonia solanacearum of phenolic constituents isolated from dragon's blood. | ralstonia solanacearum is a worldwide and devastating plant pathogen infesting over 200 host species. synthetic bactericides against the pathogen have only achieved limited success and always cause both crop contamination and environmental pollution. however, natural bactericides are effective for protecting cultivated crops from destruction by disease, without the adverse effects of chemical bactericides. in this paper, fifteen phenolic constituents from dragon's blood were screened for their a ... | 2013 | 23678806 |
| the role of noi-domain containing proteins in plant immune signaling. | here we present an overview of our existing knowledge on the function of rin4 as a regulator of plant defense and as a guardee of multiple plant r-proteins. domain analysis of rin4 reveals two noi domains. the noi domain was originally identified in a screen for nitrate induced genes. the domain is comprised of approximately 30 amino acids and contains 2 conserved motifs (pxfgxw and y/ftxxf). the noi gene family contains members exclusively from the plant lineage as far back as moss. in addition ... | 2013 | 23672422 |
| microbial production of isoquinoline alkaloids as plant secondary metabolites based on metabolic engineering research. | plants produce a variety of secondary metabolites that possess strong physiological activities. unfortunately, however, their production can suffer from a variety of serious problems, including low levels of productivity and heterogeneous quality, as well as difficulty in raw material supply. in contrast, microorganisms can be used to produce their primary and some of their secondary metabolites in a controlled environment, thus assuring high levels of efficiency and uniform quality. in an attem ... | 2013 | 23666088 |
| genome sequencing of ralstonia solanacearum fqy_4, isolated from a bacterial wilt nursery used for breeding crop resistance. | ralstonia solanacearum strain fqy_4 was isolated from a bacterial wilt nursery, which is used for breeding crops for ralstonia resistance in china. here, we report the complete genome sequence of fqy_4 and its comparison with other published r. solanacearum genomes, especially with the strains gmi1000 and y45 in the same group. | 2013 | 23661471 |
| a unique dna repair and recombination gene (recn) sequence for identification and intraspecific molecular typing of bacterial wilt pathogen ralstonia solanacearum and its comparative analysis with ribosomal dna sequences. | ribosomal gene sequences are a popular choice for identification of bacterial species and, often, for making phylogenetic interpretations. although very popular, the sequences of 16s rdna and 16-23s intergenic sequences often fail to differentiate closely related species of bacteria. the availability of complete genome sequences of bacteria, in the recent years, has accelerated the search for new genome targets for phylogenetic interpretations. the recently published full genome data of nine str ... | 2013 | 23660661 |
| identification of bacterial protein o-oligosaccharyltransferases and their glycoprotein substrates. | o-glycosylation of proteins in neisseria meningitidis is catalyzed by pgll, which belongs to a protein family including waal o-antigen ligases. we developed two hidden markov models that identify 31 novel candidate pgll homologs in diverse bacterial species, and describe several conserved sequence and structural features. most of these genes are adjacent to possible novel target proteins for glycosylation. we show that in the general glycosylation system of n. meningitidis, efficient glycosylati ... | 2013 | 23658772 |
| trehalases: a neglected carbon metabolism regulator? | trehalases are enzymes that carry out the degradation of the non-reducing disaccharide trehalose. trehalase phylogeny unveiled three major branches comprising those from bacteria; plant and animals; and those from fungal origin. comparative analysis between several deduced trehalase structures and the crystallographic structure of bacterial trehalase indicated that these enzyme's structures are highly conserved in spite of the marked differences found at the sequence level. these results suggest ... | 2013 | 23656873 |
| short and long-term genome stability analysis of prokaryotic genomes. | gene organization dynamics is actively studied because it provides useful evolutionary information, makes functional annotation easier and often enables to characterize pathogens. there is therefore a strong interest in understanding the variability of this trait and the possible correlations with life-style. two kinds of events affect genome organization: on one hand translocations and recombinations change the relative position of genes shared by two genomes (i.e. the backbone gene order); on ... | 2013 | 23651581 |
| comparative genome analysis of burkholderia phytofirmans psjn reveals a wide spectrum of endophytic lifestyles based on interaction strategies with host plants. | burkholderia phytofirmans psjn is a naturally occurring plant-associated bacterial endophyte that effectively colonizes a wide range of plants and stimulates their growth and vitality. here we analyze whole genomes, of psjn and of eight other endophytic bacteria. this study illustrates that a wide spectrum of endophytic life styles exists. although we postulate the existence of typical endophytic traits, no unique gene cluster could be exclusively linked to the endophytic lifestyle. furthermore, ... | 2013 | 23641251 |
| mtqrrs1, an r-locus required for medicago truncatula quantitative resistance to ralstonia solanacearum. | ralstonia solanacearum is a major soilborne pathogen that attacks > 200 plant species, including major crops. to characterize mtqrrs1, a major quantitative trait locus (qtl) for resistance towards this bacterium in the model legume medicago truncatula, genetic and functional approaches were combined. qtl analyses together with disease scoring of heterogeneous inbred families were used to define the locus. the candidate region was studied by physical mapping using a bacterial artificial chromosom ... | 2013 | 23638965 |
| the xylem as battleground for plant hosts and vascular wilt pathogens. | vascular wilts are among the most destructive plant diseases that occur in annual crops as well as in woody perennials. these diseases are generally caused by soil-borne bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes that infect through the roots and enter the water-conducting xylem vessels where they proliferate and obstruct the transportation of water and minerals. as a consequence, leaves wilt and die, which may lead to impairment of the whole plant and eventually to death of the plant. cultural, chemical, a ... | 2013 | 23630534 |
| contigscape: a cytoscape plugin facilitating microbial genome gap closing. | with the emergence of next-generation sequencing, the availability of prokaryotic genome sequences is expanding rapidly. a total of 5,276 genomes have been released since 2008, yet only 1,692 genomes were complete. the final phase of microbial genome sequencing, particularly gap closing, is frequently the rate-limiting step either because of complex genomic structures that cause sequence bias even with high genomic coverage, or the presence of repeat sequences that may cause gaps in assembly. | 2013 | 23627759 |
| synthesis, insecticidal, and antibacterial activities of novel neonicotinoid analogs with dihydropyridine. | nilaparvata lugens, a major pest in rice-growing areas, is extremely difficult to manage. neonicotinoids have increasingly been used in crop protection and animal health care against n. lugens. to discover new bioactive molecules and pesticides, we combined the active structure of cyanoacrylates, aromatic aldehydes, and substituted pyridyl (thiazolyl) methyl-2-substituted-methylidene-imidazolidine derivatives for the design and synthesis of a series of novel neonicotinoid analogs with dihydropyr ... | 2013 | 23621983 |
| genome-wide identification and functional analyses of calmodulin genes in solanaceous species. | calmodulin (cam) is a major calcium sensor in all eukaryotes. it binds calcium and modulates the activity of a wide range of downstream proteins in response to calcium signals. however, little is known about the cam gene family in solanaceous species, including the economically important species, tomato (solanum lycopersicum), and the gene silencing model plant, nicotiana benthamiana. moreover, the potential function of cam in plant disease resistance remains largely unclear. | 2013 | 23621884 |
| draft genome sequence of biocontrol bacterium brevibacillus brevis strain fjat-0809-glx. | brevibacillus brevis strain fjat-0809-glx had significant inhibition on many plant and animal pathogens. the draft genome sequence of b. brevis fjat-0809-glx is 6 mb in size and consists of 5,677 genes (protein-coding sequences [cds]), with an average length of 933 bp and a g+c content of 47.30%. compared with the published b. brevis strain nbrc 100599, 618 specific genes were identified in the strain fjat-0809-glx. | 2013 | 23618715 |
| current knowledge on the ralstonia solanacearum type iii secretion system. | 2013 | 23617636 | |
| bioactive molecules in soil ecosystems: masters of the underground. | complex biological and ecological processes occur in the rhizosphere through ecosystem-level interactions between roots, microorganisms and soil fauna. over the past decade, studies of the rhizosphere have revealed that when roots, microorganisms and soil fauna physically contact one another, bioactive molecular exchanges often mediate these interactions as intercellular signal, which prepare the partners for successful interactions. despite the importance of bioactive molecules in sustainable a ... | 2013 | 23615474 |
| regulate and be regulated: integration of defense and other signals by the atmyb30 transcription factor. | transcriptional regulation in host cells plays a crucial role in the establishment of plant defense and associated cell death in response to pathogen attack. here, we review our current knowledge of the transcriptional control of plant defenses with a focus on the myb family of transcription factors (tfs). within this family, the arabidopsis myb protein atmyb30 is a key regulator of plant defenses and one of the best characterized myb regulators directing defense-related transcriptional response ... | 2013 | 23596456 |
| mislocalization of rieske protein peta predominantly accounts for the aerobic growth defect of tat mutants in shewanella oneidensis. | shewanella oneidensis exhibits a remarkable versatility in respiration, which largely relies on its various respiratory pathways. most of these pathways are composed of secretory terminal reductases and multiple associated electron transport proteins that contain cofactors such as fe-s, molybdopterin, and nife. the majority of these cofactors are inserted enzymatically in the cytoplasm, and thus are substrates of the twin-arginine translocation (tat) protein export system, which transports fully ... | 2013 | 23593508 |
| nuclear jasmonate and salicylate signaling and crosstalk in defense against pathogens. | an extraordinary progress has been made over the last two decades on understanding the components and mechanisms governing plant innate immunity. after detection of a pathogen, effective plant resistance depends on the activation of a complex signaling network integrated by small signaling molecules and hormonal pathways, and the balance of these hormone systems determines resistance to particular pathogens. the discovery of new components of hormonal signaling pathways, including plant nuclear ... | 2013 | 23577014 |
| effects of pesticides on the reduction of plant and human pathogenic bacteria in application water. | overhead spray applications of in-field tomato treatments dissolved in aqueous solutions have specific pest targets (fungal, bacterial, insect, or other). any organism present in the solution or on treated plant surfaces that is not a specific target of the application is unlikely inactivated and can instead be spread through the phyllosphere. in this laboratory study, commercially labeled pesticides (including actigard 50wg, bravo weather stik 6f, cabrio 20eg, kasumin, kocide 3000 46wg, oxidate ... | 2013 | 23575141 |
| genetic transformation of eucalyptus. | eucalyptus is the second most widely planted multipurpose woody tree species in the world. it is a commercially important hardwood tree for paper and wood industries. in the past two decades, various research groups reported different genetic transformation protocols and attempts towards development of transgenic eucalyptus. much of the work related to its genetic improvement through transgenic technology has been undertaken by private companies that keep the data confidential, patented and ofte ... | 2011 | 23572991 |
| ethylene emission and pr protein synthesis in acc deaminase producing methylobacterium spp. inoculated tomato plants (lycopersicon esculentum mill.) challenged with ralstonia solanacearum under greenhouse conditions. | bacteria of genus methylobacterium have been found to promote plant growth and regulate the level of ethylene in crop plants. this work is aimed to test the induction of defense responses in tomato against bacterial wilt by stress ethylene level reduction mediated by the acc deaminase activity of methylobacterium strains. under greenhouse conditions, the disease index value in methylobacterium sp. inoculated tomato plants was lower than control plants. plants treated with methylobacterium sp. ch ... | 2013 | 23558008 |
| the hopq1 effector's nucleoside hydrolase-like domain is required for bacterial virulence in arabidopsis and tomato, but not host recognition in tobacco. | bacterial pathogens deliver multiple effector proteins into host cells to facilitate bacterial growth. hopq1 is an effector from pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato dc3000 that is conserved across multiple bacterial pathogens which infect plants. hopq1's central region possesses some homology to nucleoside hydrolases, but possesses an alternative aspartate motif not found in characterized enzymes. a structural model was generated for hopq1 based on the e. coli rihb nucleoside hydrolase and the role ... | 2013 | 23555744 |
| functionally cloned pdrm from streptococcus pneumoniae encodes a na(+) coupled multidrug efflux pump. | multidrug efflux pumps play an important role as a self-defense system in bacteria. bacterial multidrug efflux pumps are classified into five families based on structure and coupling energy: resistance-nodulation-cell division (rnd), small multidrug resistance (smr), major facilitator (mf), atp binding cassette (abc), and multidrug and toxic compounds extrusion (mate). we cloned a gene encoding a mate-type multidrug efflux pump from streptococcus pneumoniae r6, and designated it pdrm. pdrm showe ... | 2013 | 23555691 |
| antimicrobial resistance and virulence: a successful or deleterious association in the bacterial world? | hosts and bacteria have coevolved over millions of years, during which pathogenic bacteria have modified their virulence mechanisms to adapt to host defense systems. although the spread of pathogens has been hindered by the discovery and widespread use of antimicrobial agents, antimicrobial resistance has increased globally. the emergence of resistant bacteria has accelerated in recent years, mainly as a result of increased selective pressure. however, although antimicrobial resistance and bacte ... | 2013 | 23554414 |
| the intercropping partner affects arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici interactions in tomato. | arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) and their bioprotective aspects are of great interest in the context of sustainable agriculture. combining the benefits of amf with the utilisation of plant species diversity shows great promise for the management of plant diseases in environmentally compatible agriculture. in the present study, amf were tested against fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici with tomato intercropped with either leek, cucumber, basil, fennel or tomato itself. arbuscular mycorrhiza ... | 2013 | 23549903 |
| plant nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeat (nbs-lrr) genes: active guardians in host defense responses. | the most represented group of resistance genes are those of the nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeat (nbs-lrr) class. these genes are very numerous in the plant genome, and they often occur in clusters at specific loci following gene duplication and amplification events. to date, hundreds of resistance genes and relatively few quantitative trait loci for plant resistance to pathogens have been mapped in different species, with some also cloned. when these nbs-lrr genes have been physically ... | 2013 | 23549266 |
| the rice resistance protein pair rga4/rga5 recognizes the magnaporthe oryzae effectors avr-pia and avr1-co39 by direct binding. | resistance (r) proteins recognize pathogen avirulence (avr) proteins by direct or indirect binding and are multidomain proteins generally carrying a nucleotide binding (nb) and a leucine-rich repeat (lrr) domain. two nb-lrr protein-coding genes from rice (oryza sativa), rga4 and rga5, were found to be required for the recognition of the magnaporthe oryzae effector avr1-co39. rga4 and rga5 also mediate recognition of the unrelated m. oryzae effector avr-pia, indicating that the corresponding r pr ... | 2013 | 23548743 |
| three erf transcription factors from chinese wild grapevine vitis pseudoreticulata participate in different biotic and abiotic stress-responsive pathways. | ethylene response factor (erf) functions as an important plant-specific transcription factor in regulating biotic and abiotic stress response through interaction with various stress pathways. we previously obtained three erf members, vperf1, vperf2, and vperf3 from a highly powdery mildew (pm)-resistant chinese wild vitis pseudoreticulata cdna full-length library. to explore their functions associated with plant disease resistance or biotic stress, we report here to characterize three erf member ... | 2013 | 23541511 |
| structure and rna-binding properties of the bacterial lsm protein hfq. | over the past years, small non-coding rnas (srnas) emerged as important modulators of gene expression in bacteria. guided by partial sequence complementarity, these srnas interact with target mrnas and eventually affect transcript stability and translation. the physiological function of srnas depends on the protein hfq, which binds srnas in the cell and promotes the interaction with their mrna targets. this important physiological function of hfq as a central hub of srna-mediated regulation made ... | 2013 | 23535768 |
| soil-based systemic delivery and phyllosphere in vivo propagation of bacteriophages: two possible strategies for improving bacteriophage persistence for plant disease control. | soil-based root applications and attenuated bacterial strains were evaluated as means to enhance bacteriophage persistence on plants for bacterial disease control. in addition, the systemic nature of phage applied to tomato roots was also evaluated. several experiments were conducted applying either single phages or phage mixtures specific for ralstonia solanacearum, xanthomonas perforans or x. euvesicatoria to soil surrounding tomato plants and measuring the persistence and translocation of the ... | 2012 | 23532156 |
| considerations for using bacteriophages for plant disease control. | the use of bacteriophages as an effective phage therapy strategy faces significant challenges for controlling plant diseases in the phyllosphere. a number of factors must be taken into account when considering phage therapy for bacterial plant pathogens. given that effective mitigation requires high populations of phage be present in close proximity to the pathogen at critical times in the disease cycle, the single biggest impediment that affects the efficacy of bacteriophages is their inability ... | 2012 | 23531902 |
| discovering host genes involved in the infection by the tomato yellow leaf curl virus complex and in the establishment of resistance to the virus using tobacco rattle virus-based post transcriptional gene silencing. | the development of high-throughput technologies allows for evaluating gene expression at the whole-genome level. together with proteomic and metabolomic studies, these analyses have resulted in the identification of plant genes whose function or expression is altered as a consequence of pathogen attacks. members of the tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) complex are among the most important pathogens impairing production of agricultural crops worldwide. to understand how these geminiviruses su ... | 2013 | 23524390 |
| antagonistic bacterium bacillus amyloliquefaciens induces resistance and controls the bacterial wilt of tomato. | bacterial wilt caused by ralstonia solanacearum (rs) is a serious threat for agricultural production. in this study, bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains cm-2 and t-5 antagonistic to rs were used to create bioorganic fertilisers to control tomato wilt under greenhouse conditions. the possible mechanism of resistance inducement by the antagonistic bacteria was also evaluated. | 2013 | 23519834 |
| ralstonia solanacearum rsc0411 (lptc) is a determinant for full virulence and has a strain-specific novel function in the t3ss activity. | previously, we have identified an avirulent ralstonia solanacearum mutant carrying a transposon insertion in rsc0411, a gene homologous to the escherichia coli lps-transporting protein lptc. however, how the disruption of rsc0411 affects the bacterium-plant interactions and leads to decreased pathogenicity was not known. here we show that the disruption of rsc0411 leads to pleiotropic defects, including reducing bacterial motility, biofilm formation, root attachment, rough-form lps production an ... | 2013 | 23519159 |
| breaking restricted taxonomic functionality by dual resistance genes. | nb-lrr-type disease resistance (r) genes have been used in traditional breeding programs for crop protection. however, functional transfer of nb-lrr-type r genes to plants in taxonomically distinct families to establish pathogen resistance has not been successful. here we demonstrate that a pair of arabidopsis (brassicaceae) nb-lrr-type r genes, rps4 and rrs1, properly function in two other brassicaceae, brassica rapa and b. napus, but also in two solanaceae, nicotiana benthamiana and tomato (so ... | 2013 | 23518587 |
| [monosaccharide composition of ralstonia solanacearum lipopolysaccharides]. | results of monosaccharide analysis of ralstonia solanacearum lipopolysaccharides of the strains of different geographical origin are shown. such monosaccharides as glucose, rhamnose and glucosamine prevail. following the results of analysis, strains with supposedly truncated o-polysaccharide are revealed. as to their quantitative and monosaccharide composition of lps the strains have demonstrated high level of heterogeneity. | 2013 | 23516837 |
| novel positive regulatory role for the spl6 transcription factor in the n tir-nb-lrr receptor-mediated plant innate immunity. | following the recognition of pathogen-encoded effectors, plant tir-nb-lrr immune receptors induce defense signaling by a largely unknown mechanism. we identify a novel and conserved role for the squamosa promoter binding protein (sbp)-domain transcription factor spl6 in enabling the activation of the defense transcriptome following its association with a nuclear-localized immune receptor. during an active immune response, the nicotiana tir-nb-lrr n immune receptor associates with nbspl6 within d ... | 2013 | 23516366 |
| role of arabidopsis pumilio rna binding protein 5 in virus infection. | regulation of gene expression is mediated by diverse rna binding proteins which play important roles in development and defense processes. pumilio/fbf (puf) protein in mammals functions as a posttranscriptional/translational repressor by binding to the 3' utr regions of its target mrnas. previous study reported that apum5 provides protection against cmv infection by directly binding to cmv rnas in arabidopsis. cmv rnas contain putative pumilio-binding motifs and apum5 bound to the 3' utr and som ... | 2013 | 23511198 |
| endophytic actinomycetes: a novel source of potential acyl homoserine lactone degrading enzymes. | several gram-negative pathogenic bacteria employ n-acyl-l-homoserine lactone (hsl) quorum sensing (qs) system to control their virulence traits. degradation of acyl-hsl signal molecules by quorum quenching enzyme (qqe) results in a loss of pathogenicity in qs-dependent organisms. the qqe activity of actinomycetes in rhizospheric soil and inside plant tissue was explored in order to obtain novel strains with high hsl-degrading activity. among 344 rhizospheric and 132 endophytic isolates, 127 (36. ... | 2013 | 23484156 |
| exploiting quorum sensing to confuse bacterial pathogens. | cell-cell communication, or quorum sensing, is a widespread phenomenon in bacteria that is used to coordinate gene expression among local populations. its use by bacterial pathogens to regulate genes that promote invasion, defense, and spread has been particularly well documented. with the ongoing emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, there is a current need for development of alternative therapeutic strategies. an antivirulence approach by which quorum sensing is impeded has caught on as ... | 2013 | 23471618 |
| the folate precursor para-aminobenzoic acid elicits induced resistance against cucumber mosaic virus and xanthomonas axonopodis. | the use of vitamins including vitamin b1, b2 and k3 for the induction of systemic acquired resistance (sar) to protect crops against plant pathogens has been evaluated previously. the use of vitamins is beneficial because it is cost effective and safe for the environment. the use of folate precursors, including ortho-aminobenzoic acid, to induce sar against a soft-rot pathogen in tobacco has been reported previously. | 2013 | 23471007 |
| cytosporone b, an inhibitor of the type iii secretion system of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | bacterial virulence factors have been increasingly regarded as attractive targets for development of novel antibacterial agents. virulence inhibitors are less likely to generate bacterial resistance, which makes them superior to traditional antibiotics that target bacterial viability. salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, an important food-borne human pathogen, has type iii secretion system (t3ss) as its major virulence factor. t3ss secretes effector proteins to facilitate invasion into host ... | 2013 | 23459474 |
| pilmnopq from the pseudomonas aeruginosa type iv pilus system form a transenvelope protein interaction network that interacts with pila. | pseudomonas aeruginosa type iv pili (t4p) are virulence factors that promote infection of cystic fibrosis and immunosuppressed patients. as the absence of t4p impairs colonization, they are attractive targets for the development of novel therapeutics. genes in the pilmnopq operon are important for both t4p assembly and a form of bacterial movement, called twitching motility, that is required for pathogenicity. the type ii membrane proteins, piln and pilo, dimerize via their periplasmic domains a ... | 2013 | 23457250 |
| groundnut improvement: use of genetic and genomic tools. | groundnut (arachis hypogaea l.), a self-pollinated legume is an important crop cultivated in 24 million ha world over for extraction of edible oil and food uses. the kernels are rich in oil (48-50%) and protein (25-28%), and are source of several vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, biologically active polyphenols, flavonoids, and isoflavones. improved varieties of groundnut with high yield potential were developed and released for cultivation world over. the improved varieties belong to different ... | 2013 | 23443056 |
| using weakly conserved motifs hidden in secretion signals to identify type-iii effectors from bacterial pathogen genomes. | as one of the most important virulence factor types in gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, type-iii effectors (ttes) play a crucial role in pathogen-host interactions by directly influencing immune signaling pathways within host cells. based on the hypothesis that type-iii secretion signals may be comprised of some weakly conserved sequence motifs, here we used profile-based amino acid pair information to develop an accurate tte predictor. | 2013 | 23437191 |
| interfamily transfer of dual nb-lrr genes confers resistance to multiple pathogens. | a major class of disease resistance (r) genes which encode nucleotide binding and leucine rich repeat (nb-lrr) proteins have been used in traditional breeding programs for crop protection. however, it has been difficult to functionally transfer nb-lrr-type r genes in taxonomically distinct families. here we demonstrate that a pair of arabidopsis (brassicaceae) nb-lrr-type r genes, rps4 and rrs1, properly function in two other brassicaceae, brassica rapa and brassica napus, but also in two solana ... | 2013 | 23437080 |
| pg-2, a potent amp against pathogenic microbial strains, from potato (solanum tuberosum l cv. gogu valley) tubers not cytotoxic against human cells. | in an earlier study, we isolated potamin-1 (pt-1), a 5.6-kda trypsin-chymotrypsin protease inhibitor, from the tubers of a potato strain (solanum tuberosum l cv. gogu valley). we established that pt-1 strongly inhibits pathogenic microbial strains, but not human bacterial strains, and that its sequence shows 62% homology with a serine protease inhibitor. in the present study, we isolated an antifungal and antibacterial peptide with no cytotoxicity from tubers of the same potato strain. the pepti ... | 2013 | 23429275 |
| experimental evolution of nodule intracellular infection in legume symbionts. | soil bacteria known as rhizobia are able to establish an endosymbiosis with legumes that takes place in neoformed nodules in which intracellularly hosted bacteria fix nitrogen. intracellular accommodation that facilitates nutrient exchange between the two partners and protects bacteria from plant defense reactions has been a major evolutionary step towards mutualism. yet the forces that drove the selection of the late event of intracellular infection during rhizobium evolution are unknown. to ad ... | 2013 | 23426010 |
| plant-bacterium interactions analyzed by proteomics. | the evolution of the plant immune response has resulted in a highly effective defense system that is able to resist potential attack by microbial pathogens. the primary immune response is referred to as pathogen associated molecular pattern (pamp) triggered immunity and has evolved to recognize common features of microbial pathogens. in response to the delivery of pathogen effector proteins, plants acquired r proteins to fight against pathogen attack. r-dependent defense response is important in ... | 2013 | 23424014 |
| a highly-conserved single-stranded dna-binding protein in xanthomonas functions as a harpin-like protein to trigger plant immunity. | harpins are produced by gram-negative phytopathogenic bacteria and typically elicit hypersensitive response (hr) in non-host plants. the characterization of harpins in xanthomonas species is largely unexplored. here we demonstrate that xanthomonas produce a highly conserved single-stranded dna-binding protein (ssb(x)) that elicits hr in tobacco as by harpin hpa1. ssb(x), like hpa1, is an acidic, glycine-rich, heat-stable protein that lacks cysteine residues. ssb(x)-triggered hr in tobacco, as by ... | 2013 | 23418541 |
| genomic and functional analyses of the gentisate and protocatechuate ring-cleavage pathways and related 3-hydroxybenzoate and 4-hydroxybenzoate peripheral pathways in burkholderia xenovorans lb400. | in this study, the gentisate and protocatechuate pathways in burkholderia xenovorans lb400 were analyzed by genomic and functional approaches, and their role in 3-hydroxybenzoate (3-hba) and 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-hba) degradation was proposed. the lb400 genome possesses two identical mhbrtdhi gene clusters encoding the gentisate pathway and one mhbm gene encoding a 3-hba 6-hydroxylase that converts 3-hba into gentisate. the pca genes encoding the protocatechuate pathway and the poba gene encoding ... | 2013 | 23418504 |
| comparative genomics of 12 strains of erwinia amylovora identifies a pan-genome with a large conserved core. | the plant pathogen erwinia amylovora can be divided into two host-specific groupings; strains infecting a broad range of hosts within the rosaceae subfamily spiraeoideae (e.g., malus, pyrus, crataegus, sorbus) and strains infecting rubus (raspberries and blackberries). comparative genomic analysis of 12 strains representing distinct populations (e.g., geographic, temporal, host origin) of e. amylovora was used to describe the pan-genome of this major pathogen. the pan-genome contains 5751 coding ... | 2013 | 23409014 |
| synthesis, antifungal and antibacterial activity for novel amide derivatives containing a triazole moiety. | plant fungi (e.g., pellicularia sasakii, gibberella zeae, fusarium oxysporum, and cytospora mandshurica and phytophthora infestans) and bacteria (e.g., ralstonia solanacearum) are extremely difficult to manage in agricultural production. the high incidence of plant mortality and the lack of effective control methods make p. sasakii and r. solanacearum two of the world's most destructive plant pathogens. pathogenic fungi and bacteria are responsible for billions of dollars in economic losses worl ... | 2013 | 23402603 |
| global comparisons of lectin-glycan interactions using a database of analyzed glycan array data. | lectin-glycan interactions have critical functions in multiple normal and pathological processes, but the binding partners and functions for many glycans and lectins are not known. an important step in better understanding glycan-lectin biology is enabling systematic quantification and analysis of the interactions. glycan arrays can provide the experimental information for such analyses, and the thousands of glycan array datasets available through the consortium for functional glycomics provide ... | 2013 | 23399549 |
| phosphorylation of hopq1, a type iii effector from pseudomonas syringae, creates a binding site for host 14-3-3 proteins. | hopq1 (for hrp outer protein q), a type iii effector secreted by pseudomonas syringae pv phaseolicola, is widely conserved among diverse genera of plant bacteria. it promotes the development of halo blight in common bean (phaseolus vulgaris). however, when this same effector is injected into nicotiana benthamiana cells, it is recognized by the immune system and prevents infection. although the ability to synthesize hopq1 determines host specificity, the role it plays inside plant cells remains u ... | 2013 | 23396834 |
| cryo-electron microscopy three-dimensional structure of the jumbo phage φrsl1 infecting the phytopathogen ralstonia solanacearum. | ϕrsl1 jumbo phage belongs to a new class of viruses within the myoviridae family. here, we report its three-dimensional structure determined by electron cryo microscopy. the icosahedral capsid, the tail helical portion, and the complete tail appendage were reconstructed separately to resolutions of 9 å, 9 å, and 28 å, respectively. the head is rather complex and formed by at least five different proteins, whereas the major capsid proteins resemble those from hk97, despite low sequence conservati ... | 2013 | 23394943 |