Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| cluster of type iv secretion genes in helicobacter pylori's plasticity zone. | some genes present in only certain strains of the genetically diverse gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori may affect its phenotype and/or evolutionary potential. here we describe a new 16.3-kb segment, 7 of whose 16 open reading frames are homologs of type iv secretion genes (virb4, virb7 to virb11, and vird4), the third such putative secretion gene cluster found in h. pylori. this segment, to be called tfs3, was discovered by subtractive hybridization and chromosome walking. full-length and tr ... | 2003 | 12813069 |
| antigenic properties of hpaa and omp18, two outer membrane proteins of helicobacter pylori. | outer membrane proteins (omps) are incorporated into the outer plasma membrane of helicobacter pylori and are important for, e.g., ion transport, adherence, structural and osmotic stability, and bacterial virulence but may also be antigenic due to their surface exposure. previous proteome-based approaches with h. pylori lysates determined a strong serological reaction towards two h. pylori omps, hpaa (tigr hp0797) and omp18 (tigr hp1125). pcr was used to detect dna encoding the two proteins, and ... | 2003 | 12819067 |
| detection of a luxs-signaling molecule in bacillus anthracis. | quorum-sensing regulation of density-dependent genes has been described for numerous bacterial species. the partially annotated genome sequence of bacillus anthracis contains an open reading frame (ba5047) predicted to encode an ortholog of luxs, required for synthesis of the quorum-sensing signaling molecule autoinducer-2 (ai-2). to determine whether b. anthracis produces ai-2, the vibrio harveyi luminescence bioassay was used. cell-free conditioned media from vaccine (sterne) strain 34f(2) ind ... | 2003 | 12819077 |
| infectious agent and immune response characteristics of chronic enterocolitis in captive rhesus macaques. | chronic enterocolitis is the leading cause of morbidity in colonies of captive rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta). this study's aim was to identify the common enteric pathogens frequently associated with chronic enterocolitis in normal, immunocompetent rhesus monkeys and to elucidate the influence of this clinical syndrome on the host immune system. we analyzed the fecal specimens from 100 rhesus macaques with or without clinical symptoms of chronic diarrhea. retrospective analysis revealed an inc ... | 2003 | 12819098 |
| isolation and molecular characterization of nalidixic acid-resistant extraintestinal pathogenic escherichia coli from retail chicken products. | fluoroquinolone use in poultry production may select for resistant escherichia coli that can be transmitted to humans. to define the prevalence and virulence potential of poultry-associated, quinolone-resistant e. coli in the united states, 169 retail chicken products from the minneapolis-st. paul area (1999 to 2000) were screened for nalidixic acid (nal)-resistant e. coli. sixty-two (37%) products yielded nal-resistant e. coli. from 55 products that yielded both nal-resistant and susceptible e. ... | 2003 | 12821463 |
| susceptibilities of campylobacter jejuni isolates from germany to ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline. | to elucidate campylobacter jejuni resistance to antibiotics in germany, mics of ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline were determined (using agar dilution) for 144 clinical isolates. the data indicate a considerable ciprofloxacin resistance (45.1%) without a clonal relationship of the strains and a greater in vitro activity of moxifloxacin, erythromycin, and clindamycin. | 2003 | 12821499 |
| design of oligonucleotides for microarrays and perspectives for design of multi-transcriptome arrays. | optimal design of oligonucleotides for microarrays involves tedious and laborious work evaluating potential oligonucleotides relative to a series of parameters. the currently available tools for this purpose are limited in their flexibility and do not present the oligonucleotide designer with an overview of these parameters. we present here a flexible tool named oligowiz for designing oligonucleotides for multiple purposes. oligowiz presents a set of parameter scores in a graphical interface to ... | 2003 | 12824351 |
| purification of omp50, a minor porin of campylobacter jejuni. | 2003 | 12824549 | |
| point source outbreaks of campylobacter jejuni infection--are they more common than we think and what might cause them? | despite being the commonest bacterial cause of infectious intestinal disease (iid) in england and wales, outbreaks of campylobacter infection are rarely reported. however, data from the campylobacter sentinel surveillance scheme suggested that outbreaks might be more common than was previously suspected, since a high proportion of cases reported other illness in the home or in the community at the same time as their illness. to identify factors that might lead to these apparent outbreaks, the ex ... | 2003 | 12825720 |
| campylobacter jejuni isolated from poultry and humans in styria, austria: epidemiology and ciprofloxacin resistance. | sixty-six broiler flocks were sampled to determine the presence of campylobacter spp. at slaughter in 1998. thirty flocks (45%) tested positive and c. jejuni was identified in all isolates. combined pulsed-field gel electrophoresis/amplified fragment length polymorphism (pfge/aflp) subtyping of 177 isolates from 24 positive flocks revealed 62 subtypes; 16 flocks harboured more than one subtype. when subtyping 101 clinical c. jejuni isolates collected in the same time period and area, 60 pfge/afl ... | 2003 | 12825721 |
| the emulsiv filter removes microbial contamination from propofol but is not a substitute for aseptic technique. | to evaluate the ability of the emulsiv filter (ef) to remove extrinsic microbial contaminants from propofol. | 2003 | 12826543 |
| cluster of erythromycin- and ciprofloxacin-resistant campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni from 1999 to 2001 in men who have sex with men, québec, canada. | from december 1999 to november 2001, a cluster of multidrug-resistant campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni enterocolitis was suspected within the male population of montreal. nine men, aged 26-40 years, presented with an erythromycin- and ciprofloxacin-resistant, tetracycline-susceptible c. jejuni enterocolitis. in march 1998 and february 2000, 2 additional men, aged 23 and 27 years, were infected with an erythromycin-resistant, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline-susceptible c. jejuni. all isolates we ... | 2003 | 12830417 |
| aspects on feed related prophylactic measures aiming to prevent post weaning diarrhoea in pigs. | the ability of feed related measures to prevent or reduce post weaning diarrhoea (pwd) was examined in a split litter study including 30 pigs from 6 litters allotted into 5 groups. four groups were exposed to 3 pathogenic strains of e. coli via the environment at weaning. three of them were given zinc oxide, lactose+fibres or non-pathogenic strains of e. coil as probiotics. the challenged and the unchallenged control groups were given a standard creep feed. diarrhoea was observed in all challeng ... | 2002 | 12831176 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis chaperonin 10 is secreted in the macrophage phagosome: is secretion due to dissociation and adoption of a partially helical structure at the membrane? | to confirm that mycobacterium tuberculosis chaperonin 10 (cpn10) is secreted outside the live bacillus, infected macrophages were examined by electron microscopy. this revealed that the mycobacterial protein accumulates both in the wall of the bacterium and in the matrix of the phagosomes in which ingested mycobacteria survive within infected macrophages. to understand the structural implications underlying this secretion, a structural study of m. tuberculosis cpn10 was performed under condition ... | 2003 | 12837802 |
| possible campylobacter jejuni osteomyelitis in a 14-month-old child. | 2003 | 12839722 | |
| susceptibility and adaptive response to bile salts in propionibacterium freudenreichii: physiological and proteomic analysis. | tolerance to digestive stresses is one of the main factors limiting the use of microorganisms as live probiotic agents. susceptibility to bile salts and tolerance acquisition in the probiotic strain propionibacterium freudenreichii si41 were characterized. we showed that pretreatment with a moderate concentration of bile salts (0.2 g/liter) greatly increased its survival during a subsequent lethal challenge (1.0 g/liter, 60 s). bile salts challenge led to drastic morphological changes, consisten ... | 2003 | 12839748 |
| isolation of tetracycline-resistant megasphaera elsdenii strains with novel mosaic gene combinations of tet(o) and tet(w) from swine. | anaerobic bacteria insensitive to chlortetracycline (64 to 256 microg/ml) were isolated from cecal contents and cecal tissues of swine fed or not fed chlortetracycline. a nutritionally complex, rumen fluid-based medium was used for culturing the bacteria. eight of 84 isolates from seven different animals were identified as megasphaera elsdenii strains based on their large-coccus morphology, rapid growth on lactate, and 16s ribosomal dna sequence similarities with m. elsdenii lc-1(t). all eight s ... | 2003 | 12839756 |
| the balance of driving forces during genome evolution in prokaryotes. | genomes are shaped by evolutionary processes such as gene genesis, horizontal gene transfer (hgt), and gene loss. to quantify the relative contributions of these processes, we analyze the distribution of 12,762 protein families on a phylogenetic tree, derived from entire genomes of 41 bacteria and 10 archaea. we show that gene loss is the most important factor in shaping genome content, being up to three times more frequent than hgt, followed by gene genesis, which may contribute up to twice as ... | 2003 | 12840037 |
| evaluation of culture methods and a dna probe-based pcr assay for detection of campylobacter species in clinical specimens of feces. | campylobacter species are the leading agents of bacterial gastroenteritis in developed countries. in this study 320 specimens of feces from patients with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis were cultured for campylobacter species by direct plating on modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar and by enrichment in modified preston broth, with or without blood added, for 48 h at 37 degrees c prior to plating. a 16s/23s pcr/dna probe membrane-based colorimetric detection assay was evaluated on ... | 2003 | 12843030 |
| detection of legionella pneumophila by real-time pcr for the mip gene. | a real-time pcr assay for the mip gene of legionella pneumophila was tested with 27 isolates of l. pneumophila, 20 isolates of 14 other legionella species, and 103 non-legionella bacteria. eight culture-positive and 40 culture-negative clinical specimens were tested. this assay was 100% sensitive and 100% specific for l. pneumophila. | 2003 | 12843084 |
| some epidemiologic features of campylobacter jejuni/coli infections in bosnia and herzegovina after the war. | 2003 | 12848765 | |
| guillain-barré syndrome associated with campylobacter jejuni infection in england, 2000-2001. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) is a rare but serious complication of infectious intestinal disease due to campylobacter jejuni. to date, estimates of the burden of c. jejuni-associated gbs have been based on limited data regarding the proportion of gbs attributable to this pathogen. in this paper, we combine data obtained from sweden and a large study of infectious intestinal disease with routine and surveillance data from england to estimate the number and proportion of gbs cases attributable to ... | 2003 | 12856224 |
| versatility of aminoglycosides and prospects for their future. | aminoglycoside antibiotics have had a major impact on our ability to treat bacterial infections for the past half century. whereas the interest in these versatile antibiotics continues to be high, their clinical utility has been compromised by widespread instances of resistance. the multitude of mechanisms of resistance is disconcerting but also illuminates how nature can manifest resistance when bacteria are confronted by antibiotics. this article reviews the most recent knowledge about the mec ... | 2003 | 12857776 |
| anti-ganglioside antibodies and clinical outcome of patients with guillain-barré syndrome in northeast brazil. | the goal of this study was to investigate the frequency of gm1 antibodies and to assess whether exposure to campylobacter jejuni was associated with a distinct clinical variant of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) or disease outcome in rio grande do norte, brazil. | 2003 | 12859286 |
| [aetiology and antibiotic sensitivity of the most frequent outpatient infections, except those of the lower respiratory tract]. | reporting of antimicrobial susceptibility profiles is recommended in order to improve antibiotic prescribing policies and to avoid the emergence of bacterial resistance. during 2001, susceptibility data from bacterial isolates collected from urine, faeces and ear swabs and antimicrobial susceptibility for streptococcus pyogenes during the first five months in 2002 were recorded in the health area of pamplona (389,489 inhabitants) and compared against data for antibiotic prescriptions. more than ... | 2002 | 12861284 |
| small-fragment genomic libraries for the display of putative epitopes from clinically significant pathogens. | taking advantage of whole genome sequences of bacterial pathogens in many thriving diseases with global impact, we developed a comprehensive screening procedure for the identification of putative vaccine candidate antigens. importantly, this procedure relies on highly representative small-fragment genomic libraries that are expressed to display frame-selected epitope-size peptides on a bacterial cell surface and to interact directly with carefully selected disease-relevant high-titer sera. here ... | 2003 | 12866421 |
| characterization of a new lexa binding motif in the marine magnetotactic bacterium strain mc-1. | mc-1 is a marine, magnetotactic bacterium that is phylogenetically associated with the alpha subclass of the proteobacteria and is the first and only magnetotactic coccus isolated in pure culture to date. by using a tblastn search, a lexa gene was identified in the published genome of mc-1; it was subsequently cloned, and the protein was purified to >90% purity. results from reverse transcription-pcr analysis revealed that the mc-1 lexa gene comprises a single transcriptional unit with two open ... | 2003 | 12867456 |
| myocarditis related to campylobacter jejuni infection: a case report. | myocarditis can develop as a complication of various infections and is most commonly linked to enterovirus infections. myocarditis is rarely associated with bacterial infections; salmonellosis and shigellosis have been the most frequently reported bacterial cause. we report a case of myocarditis related to campylobacter jejuni enteritis. | 2003 | 12869210 |
| growth of autobioluminescent campylobacter jejuni in response to various environmental conditions. | an autobioluminescent campylobacter jejuni organism generated from the fusion of luxcdabe genes from xenorhabdus luminescens to the flaa promoter of c. jejuni was used in conjunction with gel-stabilized gradient plates to map the responses of this organism to three environmental factors (ph, nacl concentration, and temperature) and various concentrations of l-fucose, d-fucose, and sodium desoxycholate. the minimum, optimum, and maximum temperatures for the growth of autobioluminescent c. jejuni ... | 2003 | 12870752 |
| a point of view: the need to identify an antigen in psyconeuroimmunological disorders. | several lines of evidence support a mutual relationship between the nervous system and the immune system. therefore, it is not surprising that some neuropsychiatric disorders are also characterized by immune abnormalities. in patients with phobic disorders and in patients with migraine without aura some common immune abnormalities have been detected and, in particular, natural immunity deficits, exaggerated release of proinflammatory cytokines and circulating bacterial endotoxins have been found ... | 2003 | 12871180 |
| axonal pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant of guillain-barré syndrome without anti-gt1a igg antibody. | we report two cases of pharyngeal-cervical-brachial (pcb) variant of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). the patients developed dysphagia and weakness of the neck and arms subsequent to campylobacter jejuni infection. oropharyngeal palsy recovered poorly. electrophysiological findings demonstrated axonal conduction failure. anti-gd1a immunoglobulin g (igg) antibody was detected in one case, and anti-gm1b igg antibody in another. anti-gt1a igg and immunoglobulin m (igm) antibodies were negative in bot ... | 2003 | 12872333 |
| [antibody response following campylobacter infections determined by elisa]. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was adapted to measure immunoglobulin g (igg), igm, and iga classes of human serum antibody to campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. a total of 631 sera from 210 patients with verified campylobacter enteritis were examined at various intervals after infection, and a control group of 164 sera were tested to determine the cut-off for negative results. with 90 percentile specificity, igg, igm, and iga showed a sensitivity of 71, 60, and 80%, respe ... | 2003 | 12872469 |
| [campylobacter jejuni enteritis and guillain-barre syndrome]. | 2003 | 12872690 | |
| induction of conduction block by campylobacter jejuni lipopolysaccharides and focal neural insult. | a systemic exposure to gram negative lps have caused transient conduction abnormalities in a certain strain of rats probably associated with the action of cytokines secreted by macrophages. our previous studies demonstrated that anti-gm1 antibodies induced in rats by the cross-reactive cj-lps, caused no conduction abnormalities. we designed the present study to evaluate the effect of systemic exposure to cj-lps on nerve conduction after a focal minor neural trauma. female lewis rats were sensiti ... | 2003 | 12873748 |
| association of anti-gm1 antibodies but not of anti-cytomegalovirus, campylobacter jejuni and helicobacter pylori igg, with a poor outcome in guillain-barré syndrome. | few reports exist on the influence of humoral immune responses, against microorganisms involved in infections preceding guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) and gm1, on clinical outcome. nor is there any data on the relation between anti-helicobacter pylori antibodies and prognosis in patients with gbs. to address these questions, we assayed and correlated serum anti-gm1 igg and igm and anti-h. pylori, anti-campylobacter jejuni and anti-cytomegalovirus (cmv) igg with duration of hospitalization of gbs ... | 2003 | 12873755 |
| critical role of multidrug efflux pump cmeabc in bile resistance and in vivo colonization of campylobacter jejuni. | cmeabc functions as a multidrug efflux pump contributing to the resistance of campylobacter to a broad range of antimicrobials. in this study, we examined the role of cmeabc in bile resistance and its contribution to the adaptation of campylobacter jejuni in the intestinal tract of the chicken, a natural host and a major reservoir for campylobacter. inactivation of cmeabc drastically decreased the resistance of campylobacter to various bile salts. addition of choleate (2 mm) in culture medium im ... | 2003 | 12874300 |
| characterization of the novel factor paa involved in the early steps of the adhesion mechanism of attaching and effacing escherichia coli. | nonenterotoxigenic porcine escherichia coli strains belonging to the serogroup o45 have been associated with postweaning diarrhea in swine and adhere to intestinal epithelial cells in a characteristic attaching and effacing (a/e) pattern. o45 porcine enteropathogenic e. coli (pepec) strain 86-1390 induces typical a/e lesions in a pig ileal explant model. using tnphoa transposon insertion mutagenesis on strain 86-1390, we found a mutant that did not induce a/e lesions. the insertion was identifie ... | 2003 | 12874331 |
| survival of foodborne pathogens on stainless steel surfaces and cross-contamination to foods. | the retention of bacteria on food contact surfaces increases the risk of cross-contamination of these microorganisms to food. the risk has been considered to be lowered when the surfaces are dry, partly because bacterial growth and survival would be reduced. however, some non-spore-forming bacteria might be able to withstand dry conditions on surfaces for an extensive period of time. in this study the survival of salmonella enteritidis, staphylococcus aureus and campylobacter jejuni on stainless ... | 2003 | 12878381 |
| antimicrobial resistance of bacterial pathogens associated with diarrheal patients in indonesia. | the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for 2,812 bacterial pathogens isolated from diarrheal patients admitted to hospitals in several provinces in the cities of jakarta, padang, medan, denpasar, pontianak, makassar, and batam, indonesia were analyzed from 1995 to 2001 to determine their changing trends in response to eight antibiotics: ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, cephalothin, ceftriaxone, norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. vibrio cholerae o1 (37.1%) ... | 2003 | 12887025 |
| effects of diet formulations containing proteins from different sources on intestinal colonization by campylobacter jejuni in broiler chickens. | the objective of this study was to compare the effects of 3 diet formulations containing different protein sources (animal, plant, and a combination of animal and plant) on the colonization of campylobacter jejuni in the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens. a freshly isolated strain of c. jejuni (biotype iv, serotype hs o:21, o:29, hl untypable) from a broiler chicken was used to infect 3-day-old chicks that had been free of c. jejuni; 0.5 ml of an inoculum containing 10(8) colony-forming ... | 2003 | 12889727 |
| [polyradiculoneuritis and campylobacter jejuni: clinical and physiopathological aspects]. | several explanations have been proposed to explain the relationship between axonal forms of acute auto-immune inflammatory polyradiculoneuritis and campylobacter jejuni. the major hypothesis involving molecular imitation is based on the existence of common antigenic determinants (epitopes) in the lipopolysaccharides of the infectious agent and gangliosides, i.e. glycosphingolipides on the surface of the nervous system cells, especially peripheral nervous system cells. the purpose of this literat ... | 2003 | 12891754 |
| diverse effects of ascorbic acid and palmitoyl ascorbate on helicobacter pylori survival and growth. | among many antioxidants used in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, ascorbic acid (aa) is one of the most important. aa has been suggested to decrease the risk of gastric disease (gastritis, duodenal ulcer, and carcinoma) by direct action on helicobacter pylori. however, there are limited studies on the possible role of aa and its derivatives such as palmitoyl ascorbate (pa) on the growth and survival of h. pylori. in the present study it was demonstrated in vitro that aa in the co ... | 2003 | 12892889 |
| sources of campylobacter colonization in broiler chickens. | 2003 | 12902214 | |
| isolation and characterization of campylobacter bacteriophages from retail poultry. | the ability of phages to survive processing is an important aspect of their potential use in the biocontrol of campylobacter in poultry production. to this end, we have developed a procedure to recover campylobacter bacteriophages from chilled and frozen retail poultry and have validated the sensitivity of the method by using a characterized campylobacter phage (i.e., nctc 12674). by using this method, we have shown that campylobacter phages can survive on retail chicken under commercial storage ... | 2003 | 12902236 |
| effect of incubation temperature on isolation of campylobacter jejuni genotypes from foodstuffs enriched in preston broth. | preston broth and agar incubated at either 37 or 42 degrees c have been widely used to isolate campylobacters from foodstuffs. the consequences of using either incubation temperature were investigated. retail packs of raw chicken (n = 24) and raw lamb liver (n = 30) were purchased. samples were incubated in preston broth at 37 and 42 degrees c and then streaked onto preston agar and incubated as before. two campylobacter isolates per treatment were characterized. poultry isolates were genotyped ... | 2003 | 12902254 |
| colonization of arabidopsis thaliana with salmonella enterica and enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 and competition by enterobacter asburiae. | enteric pathogens, such as salmonella enterica and escherichia coli o157:h7, have been shown to contaminate fresh produce. under appropriate conditions, these bacteria will grow on and invade the plant tissue. we have developed arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) as a model system with the intention of studying plant responses to human pathogens. under sterile conditions and at 100% humidity, s. enterica serovar newport and e. coli o157:h7 grew to 10(9) cfu g(-1) on a. thaliana roots and to 2 x 1 ... | 2003 | 12902287 |
| description of a "phoenix" phenomenon in the growth of campylobacter jejuni at temperatures close to the minimum for growth. | when campylobacter jejuni cultures that had been grown in broth at 39 degrees c were subcultured into fresh medium at 30 degrees c, there was a transient period of growth followed by a decline in viable-cell numbers before growth resumed once more. we propose that this complex behavior is the net effect of the growth of inoculum cells followed by a loss of viability due to oxidative stress and the subsequent emergence of a spontaneously arising mutant population that takes over the culture. | 2003 | 12902294 |
| reduction of experimental salmonella and campylobacter contamination of chicken skin by application of lytic bacteriophages. | lytic bacteriophages, applied to chicken skin that had been experimentally contaminated with salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis or campylobacter jejuni at a multiplicity of infection (moi) of 1, increased in titer and reduced the pathogen numbers by less than 1 log(10) unit. phages applied at a moi of 100 to 1,000 rapidly reduced the recoverable bacterial numbers by up to 2 log(10) units over 48 h. when the level of salmonella contamination was low (< log(10) 2 per unit area of skin) and th ... | 2003 | 12902308 |
| detection of clarithromycin-resistant helicobacter pylori in stool samples. | the recognition of the role of helicobacter pylori in gastric diseases has led to the widespread use of antibiotics in the eradication of this pathogen. the most advocated therapy, triple therapy, often includes clarithromycin. it is well known that clarithromycin resistance is one of the major causes of eradication failure. the development of a rapid noninvasive technique that could easily be performed on fecal samples and that could also provide information about the antibiotic resistance of t ... | 2003 | 12904368 |
| rapid identification of bacteria from positive blood cultures by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism profile analysis of the 16s rrna gene. | bacteremia results in significant morbidity and mortality, especially among patient populations that are immunocompromised. broad-spectrum antibiotics are administered to patients suspected to have bloodstream infections that are awaiting diagnosis that depends on blood culture analysis. significant delays in identification of pathogens can result, primarily due to the dependence on growth-based identification systems. to address these limitations, we took advantage of terminal restriction fragm ... | 2003 | 12904391 |
| differences in gene content among salmonella enterica serovar typhi isolates. | we used a nonredundant microarray of the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2 and typhi ct18 genomes to assess the genomic content of a diverse set of isolates of serovar typhi. comparative genomic hybridization revealed 13 regions of absent or divergent gene content in the eight typhi strains examined compared to typhi ct18. in particular, two typhi ct18 prophage regions, sty1048 to sty1077 and sty2038 to sty2077, as well as a five-gene islet (sty3188 to sty3193) were absent or divergent ... | 2003 | 12904395 |
| molecular typing of campylobacter jejuni isolates involved in a neonatal outbreak indicates nosocomial transmission. | genotypic typing by restriction fragment length polymorphism and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed that two neonates in a neonatal ward were infected with the same campylobacter jejuni strain. isolates from the mother and brother of the index patient were identical to each other but distinct from the neonatal type. genotyping results therefore suggested that the neonatal c. jejuni infection was nosocomial in origin. | 2003 | 12904420 |
| role of microfilaments and microtubules in the invasion of int-407 cells by campylobacter jejuni. | the internalization mechanisms triggered by campylobacter jejuni were studied by invasion assays conducted with different inhibitors that act on the cytoskeleton structure of eukaryotic cells. the depolymerization of microfilaments by cytochalasin-d and that of microtubules by colchicines and nocodazole inhibited the uptake of c. jejuni into int-407 cells in a dose-dependent manner. the inhibitory effect of microfilament depolymerization on c. jejuni internalization was more pronounced than that ... | 2003 | 12906108 |
| restriction site tagged (rst) microarrays: a novel technique to study the species composition of complex microbial systems. | we have developed a new type of microarray, restriction site tagged (rst), for example noti, microarrays. in this approach only sequences surrounding specific restriction sites (i.e. noti linking clones) were used for generating microarrays. dna was labeled using a new procedure, noti representation, where only sequences surrounding noti sites were labeled. due to these modifications, the sensitivity of rst microarrays increases several hundred-fold compared to that of ordinary genomic microarra ... | 2003 | 12907747 |
| prevalence of multiple antibiotic resistance in 443 campylobacter spp. isolated from humans and animals. | in view of recent findings that a multidrug efflux pump cmeabc exists in campylobacter jejuni, 391 c. jejuni and 52 campylobacter coli of human and animal origin were examined for a multidrug resistance phenotype. | 2003 | 12917241 |
| effect of fermented feed on the susceptibility for campylobacter jejuni colonisation in broiler chickens with and without concurrent inoculation of salmonella enteritidis. | fermented liquid feed (flf) protects broiler chickens against colonisation with salmonella. while campylobacter causes more disease cases in humans than salmonella, the effect of flf on campylobacter was assessed. the fermented liquid feed is a moistened feed with a high number of lactobacilli, a high concentration of lactic acid, and a ph of 4. in three experiments campylobacter was orally applied to individually housed 9-day-old broiler chickens. a significant reduction of susceptibility, as d ... | 2003 | 12927709 |
| optic neuritis in anti-gq1b positive recurrent miller fisher syndrome. | 2003 | 12928295 | |
| rapid detection of campylobacter jejuni in chicken rinse water by melting-peak analysis of amplicons in real-time polymerase chain reaction. | five dna extraction protocols for the detection of campylobacter spp. by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) were compared. a method involving triton x-100 produced template dna of sufficient quality to allow the detection of campylobacter jejuni at levels of 100 cfu/ml in pure culture. primers were designed on the basis of the cadf gene sequence. with a sybr green i real-time pcr assay, these primers amplified only sequences present in c. jejuni to produce a product with a melting temperature of 81 ... | 2003 | 12929818 |
| sequence analysis of a cryptic plasmid pcj419 from campylobacter jejuni and construction of an escherichia coli-campylobacter shuttle vector. | a small cryptic plasmid, pcj419, was identified in a human clinical isolate of campylobacter jejuni, cloned and sequenced. pcj419 is a circular molecule of 4013 bp with a g+c content of 27.1%. the products of four open reading frames (orfs) share significant sequence similarity with putative proteins from known c. jejuni and campylobacter coli plasmids. orf-1 encodes a putative mobilisation protein (mob). orf-2 and orf-3 encode proteins that have high identity to putative repa and repb proteins, ... | 2003 | 12932741 |
| interactions of campylobacter jejuni cytolethal distending toxin subunits cdta and cdtc with hela cells. | campylobacter jejuni produces a toxin, called cytolethal distending toxin (cdt), which causes direct dna damage leading to invocation of dna damage checkpoint pathways. the affected cells arrest in g(1) or g(2) and eventually die. cdt consists of three protein subunits, cdta, cdtb, and cdtc, with cdtb recently identified as a nuclease. however, little is known about the functions of cdta or cdtc. in this work, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based experiments were used to show, for the first t ... | 2003 | 12933829 |
| in vitro activities of new fluoroquinolones against campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates obtained from humans in 1980 to 1982 and 1997 to 2001. | the antibacterial activities of three newly developed fluoroquinolones (gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin) against a total of 307 gastrointestinal human isolates of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli collected during 1980 to 1982 and 1997 to 2001 were examined and compared to those of ciprofloxacin and the unrelated antibacterial agents, clarithromycin, erythromycin, and tetracycline by using the agar plate dilution method. all of the fluoroquinolones exhibited a good activit ... | 2003 | 12936999 |
| development of a triplex pcr assay for the specific detection of campylobacter jejuni, salmonella spp., and escherichia coli o157:h7. | a triplex pcr assay was developed and evaluated for efficacy in detecting campylobacter jejuni, salmonella spp., and escherichia coli o157:h7 in a variety of raw and ready-to-eat food products. following a short enrichment period, artificially contaminated food samples were subjected to a triplex pcr assay, which incorporated published primers for each food pathogen, a protocol for sample collection, and a pcr procedure designed specifically for the assay. the selected primers amplified fragment ... | 2003 | 12944114 |
| development of a sensitive dna microarray suitable for rapid detection of campylobacter spp. | campylobacter is the most common cause of human acute bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, widely distributed and isolated from human clinical samples as well as from many other different sources. to comply with the demands of consumers for food safety, there is a need for development of a rapid, sensitive and specific detection method for campylobacter. in this study, we present the development of a novel sensitive dna-microarray based detection method, evaluated on campylobacter and non-campyl ... | 2003 | 12944122 |
| natural transformation of campylobacter jejuni requires components of a type ii secretion system. | the human pathogen campylobacter jejuni is one of more than 40 naturally competent bacterial species able to import macromolecular dna from the environment and incorporate it into their genomes. however, in c. jejuni little is known about the genes involved in this process. we used random transposon mutagenesis to identify genes that are required for the transformation of this organism. we isolated mutants with insertions in 11 different genes; most of the mutants are affected in the dna uptake ... | 2003 | 12949093 |
| chemical communication among bacteria. | cell-cell communication in bacteria is accomplished through the exchange of chemical signal molecules called autoinducers. this process, called quorum sensing, allows bacteria to monitor their environment for the presence of other bacteria and to respond to fluctuations in the number and/or species present by altering particular behaviors. most quorum-sensing systems are species- or group-specific, which presumably prevents confusion in mixed-species environments. however, some quorum-sensing ci ... | 2003 | 12949263 |
| rapid selection of quinolone resistance in campylobacter jejuni but not in escherichia coli in individually housed broilers. | to determine the within-host population dynamics of campylobacter jejuni and escherichia coli in chickens during and after treatment with fluoroquinolones. | 2003 | 12951353 |
| evolution of mosaic operons by horizontal gene transfer and gene displacement in situ. | shuffling and disruption of operons and horizontal gene transfer are major contributions to the new, dynamic view of prokaryotic evolution. under the 'selfish operon' hypothesis, operons are viewed as mobile genetic entities that are constantly disseminated via horizontal gene transfer, although their retention could be favored by the advantage of coregulation of functionally linked genes. here we apply comparative genomics and phylogenetic analysis to examine horizontal transfer of entire opero ... | 2003 | 12952534 |
| the source of laterally transferred genes in bacterial genomes. | laterally transferred genes have often been identified on the basis of compositional features that distinguish them from ancestral genes in the genome. these genes are usually a+t-rich, arguing either that there is a bias towards acquiring genes from donor organisms having low g+c contents or that genes acquired from organisms of similar genomic base compositions go undetected in these analyses. | 2003 | 12952536 |
| application of dna microarrays to study the evolutionary genomics of yersinia pestis and yersinia pseudotuberculosis. | yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, diverged from yersinia pseudotuberculosis, an enteric pathogen, an estimated 1500-20,000 years ago. genetic characterization of these closely related organisms represents a useful model to study the rapid emergence of bacterial pathogens that threaten mankind. to this end, we undertook genome-wide dna microarray analysis of 22 strains of y. pestis and 10 strains of y. pseudotuberculosis of diverse origin. eleven y. pestis dna loci were deemed absen ... | 2003 | 12952873 |
| the low complexity proteins from enteric pathogenic bacteria: taxonomic parallels embedded in diversity. | the number and functions of the low complexity (lc) proteins from four enteric bacterial pathogens escherichia coli o157, vibrio cholerae, helicobacter pylori and campylobacter jejuni were compared. for this purpose the lc proteins were grouped into 3 categories for pairwise comparisons. these were common, variant and lc proteins with no homologues (lcnh). homologous lc proteins in both species in a given pairwise comparison were grouped as common. lc proteins of same function but not of low com ... | 2003 | 12954090 |
| evidence of chemolithoautotrophy in the bacterial community associated with alvinella pompejana, a hydrothermal vent polychaete. | the deep-sea polychaete alvinella pompejana colonizes tubes on the sides of black smoker chimneys along the east pacific rise. a diverse, yet phylogenetically constrained episymbiotic community is obligately associated with its dorsal surface. the morphologically and phylogenetically distinct dominant episymbionts have not yet been cultured, and there are no clearly defined roles for these bacteria in this symbiosis. a large insert fosmid library was screened for the presence of the two dominant ... | 2003 | 12957888 |
| effect of campylobacter-specific maternal antibodies on campylobacter jejuni colonization in young chickens. | using laboratory challenge experiments, we examined whether campylobacter-specific maternal antibody (mab) plays a protective role in young chickens, which are usually free of campylobacter under natural production conditions. kinetics of c. jejuni colonization were compared by infecting 3-day-old broiler chicks, which were naturally positive for campylobacter-specific mab, and 21-day-old broilers, which were negative for campylobacter-specific mab. the onset of colonization occurred much sooner ... | 2003 | 12957925 |
| characterization of a theta-type plasmid from lactobacillus sakei: a potential basis for low-copy-number vectors in lactobacilli. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the 13-kb plasmid prv500, isolated from lactobacillus sakei rv332, was determined. sequence analysis enabled the identification of genes coding for a putative type i restriction-modification system, two genes coding for putative recombinases of the integrase family, and a region likely involved in replication. the structural features of this region, comprising a putative ori segment containing 11- and 22-bp repeats and a repa gene coding for a putative initiat ... | 2003 | 12957947 |
| toward an international standard for pcr-based detection of food-borne thermotolerant campylobacters: assay development and analytical validation. | as part of a european research project (food-pcr), we developed a standardized and robust pcr detection assay specific for the three most frequently reported food-borne pathogenic campylobacter species, c. jejuni, c. coli, and c. lari. fifteen published and unpublished pcr primers targeting the 16s rrna gene were tested in all possible pairwise combinations, as well as two published primers targeting the 23s rrna gene. a panel of 150 strains including target and nontarget strains was used in an ... | 2003 | 12957958 |
| toward an international standard for pcr-based detection of food-borne thermotolerant campylobacters: validation in a multicenter collaborative trial. | as part of a european research project, the performance of a pcr assay to detect food-borne thermotolerant campylobacters (campylobacter jejuni, c. coli, and c. lari) was evaluated through an international collaborative trial involving 12 participating laboratories. dna from 10 target and 8 nontarget strains was tested, and the results were reported as the presence of a positive signal after gel electrophoresis. the overall inclusivity (sensitivity) was 93.7%, and the exclusivity (specificity) w ... | 2003 | 12957959 |
| unexpected decrease with age of helicobacter pylori seroprevalence among swedish blood donors. | blood donors are often used as proxies for the general population in studies of helicobacter pylori epidemiology. our aim was to test if the age-specific seroprevalence rates among blood donors match with the corresponding rates in a random population sample. this descriptive study was based on sera obtained from 3,502 blood donors representing all swedish counties and cities. an age-stratified random population sample of 1,030 from stockholm county served as comparison. sera were analyzed by an ... | 2003 | 12958222 |
| clonal complexes of campylobacter jejuni identified by multilocus sequence typing correlate with strain associations identified by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. | multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) with smai were used to subtype 55 isolates of campylobacter jejuni from a diverse range of human and animal sources previously characterized by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (mee). mee and mlst targeted 11 and 7 loci, respectively, and all loci were unique to each method. mee, mlst, and pfge identified 40, 37, and 48 discrete subtypes, respectively, with many of the subtypes occurring only once within the data set. ... | 2003 | 12958226 |
| microarray-based identification of thermophilic campylobacter jejuni, c. coli, c. lari, and c. upsaliensis. | dna microarrays are an excellent potential tool for clinical microbiology, since this technology allows relatively rapid identification and characterization of microbial and viral pathogens. in the present study, an oligonucleotide microarray was developed and used for the analysis of thermophilic campylobacter spp., the primary food-borne pathogen in the united states. we analyzed four campylobacter species: campylobacter jejuni, c. coli, c. lari, and c. upsaliensis. our assay relies on the pcr ... | 2003 | 12958228 |
| campylobacter-stimulated int407 cells produce dissociated cytokine profiles. | to study the action of factors produced by living campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni) against those present within sonicated and filtrated bacteria on induction of potential cytokines by the human intestinal cell line int407. | 2003 | 12963383 |
| acute motor conduction block neuropathy another guillain-barré syndrome variant. | to report two patients with an acute exclusively motor neuropathy with conduction blocks. | 2003 | 12963751 |
| cdr3 spectratyping analysis of the t cell receptor repertoire in guillain-barré and fisher syndromes. | several autoimmune and infectious disorders show oligoclonal expansion of particular t cell phenotypes. the extent of t cell involvement in the pathogenesis of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), a post-infectious autoimmune neuropathy, however, is not clear. to identify the pathogenic t cell phenotypes in gbs and fisher syndrome (fs), variations in t cell receptor use of the v beta 1-24 and v delta 1-5 chain genes were analyzed at complementarity-determining region 3 level in 119 patients with gbs o ... | 2003 | 12965261 |
| ancient origin of the tryptophan operon and the dynamics of evolutionary change. | the seven conserved enzymatic domains required for tryptophan (trp) biosynthesis are encoded in seven genetic regions that are organized differently (whole-pathway operons, multiple partial-pathway operons, and dispersed genes) in prokaryotes. a comparative bioinformatics evaluation of the conservation and organization of the genes of trp biosynthesis in prokaryotic operons should serve as an excellent model for assessing the feasibility of predicting the evolutionary histories of genes and oper ... | 2003 | 12966138 |
| the genome of campylobacter jejuni: codon and amino acid usage. | the genes from the genome of the at-rich bacterium campylobacter jejuni were analysed and characterised with respect to usage and amino acid usage. codon usage is generally biased for all amino acids having synonymous codons, so that at-rich synonyms are most frequently used. markov chain analysis showed that codon bias and over- or underrepresentation of the corresponding tri-letter words are not related. predicted secondary structure, lipophilicity, codon position within the gene, strand, and ... | 2003 | 12969016 |
| identification of campylobacteria isolated from danish broilers by phenotypic tests and species-specific pcr assays. | to validate a phenotypic campylobacter species identification method employed to identify campylobacters in broilers by comparison with campylobacterial species identification using various species-specific pcr analyses. | 2003 | 12969276 |
| identification of a novel stress resistance mechanism in campylobacter jejuni. | to study stress resistance mechanisms in campylobacter spp. | 2003 | 12969282 |
| the cog database: an updated version includes eukaryotes. | the availability of multiple, essentially complete genome sequences of prokaryotes and eukaryotes spurred both the demand and the opportunity for the construction of an evolutionary classification of genes from these genomes. such a classification system based on orthologous relationships between genes appears to be a natural framework for comparative genomics and should facilitate both functional annotation of genomes and large-scale evolutionary studies. | 2003 | 12969510 |
| fulminant crohn's colitis after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. | we report a case of fulminant crohn's colitis that occurred following non-myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation for hodgkin's lymphoma. adoptive transfer of inflammatory bowel disease by haematopoietic cells is recognised in several animal models of inflammatory bowel disease and remission of crohn's disease has been reported in patients who have received a bone marrow transplant. however, adoptive transfer of crohn's disease susceptibility leading to phenotypic manifestation of the ... | 2003 | 12970148 |
| [susceptibility of campylobacter jejuni clinical isolates from children to eight antibiotics]. | this study aimed to identify the activity of eight antibiotics (ofloxacin, moxifloxacin, azithromycin, erythromycin, clindamycin, ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and tetracycline) against 80 strains of campylobacter jejuni isolated from children. minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) were determined by an agar dilution method. resistance to azithromycin and erythromycin was considered when mic > or =8 mg/l, to clindamycin when mic > or =1 mg/l, to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and ampici ... | 2003 | 12973460 |
| an improved probability mapping approach to assess genome mosaicism. | maximum likelihood and posterior probability mapping are useful visualization techniques that are used to ascertain the mosaic nature of prokaryotic genomes. however, posterior probabilities, especially when calculated for four-taxon cases, tend to overestimate the support for tree topologies. furthermore, because of poor taxon sampling four-taxon analyses suffer from sensitivity to the long branch attraction artifact. here we extend the probability mapping approach by improving taxon sampling o ... | 2003 | 12974984 |
| experimental determination and system level analysis of essential genes in escherichia coli mg1655. | defining the gene products that play an essential role in an organism's functional repertoire is vital to understanding the system level organization of living cells. we used a genetic footprinting technique for a genome-wide assessment of genes required for robust aerobic growth of escherichia coli in rich media. we identified 620 genes as essential and 3,126 genes as dispensable for growth under these conditions. functional context analysis of these data allows individual functional assignment ... | 2003 | 13129938 |
| a noncognate aminoacyl-trna synthetase that may resolve a missing link in protein evolution. | efforts to delineate the advent of many enzymes essential to protein translation are often limited by the fact that the modern genetic code evolved before divergence of the tree of life. glutaminyl-trna synthetase (glnrs) is one noteworthy exception to the universality of the translation apparatus. in eukaryotes and some bacteria, this enzyme is essential for the biosynthesis of gln-trnagln, an obligate intermediate in translation. glnrs is absent, however, in archaea, and most bacteria, organel ... | 2003 | 13679580 |
| complete genome sequence and analysis of wolinella succinogenes. | to understand the origin and emergence of pathogenic bacteria, knowledge of the genetic inventory from their nonpathogenic relatives is a prerequisite. therefore, the 2.11-megabase genome sequence of wolinella succinogenes, which is closely related to the pathogenic bacteria helicobacter pylori and campylobacter jejuni, was determined. despite being considered nonpathogenic to its bovine host, w. succinogenes holds an extensive repertoire of genes homologous to known bacterial virulence factors. ... | 2003 | 14500908 |
| infectious causes of acute flaccid paralysis. | although acute flaccid paralysis (afp) is more frequently seen in the tropics than in temperate regions, recent outbreaks of west nile virus (wnv) in north america have drawn attention to this important presentation. starting with anatomical and neurophysiological considerations, this article examines data on afp caused by wnv, and considers recent data on paralysis caused by enteroviruses, and guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). | 2003 | 14501988 |
| prevalence of campylobacter within a swine slaughter and processing facility. | in this work, the occurrence of campylobacter in a swine slaughter and processing facility was studied. thirty composite carcass samples, representing 360 swine carcasses, were taken immediately after exsanguination, immediately after polishing, after the final wash, and after overnight chilling at 2 degrees c. thirty matching composite rectal samples were also taken immediately after exsanguination, and 60 nonmatching individual colon samples were collected from the same lot of swine during evi ... | 2003 | 14503704 |
| conditions in lairages at abattoirs for ruminants in southwest england and in vitro survival of escherichia coli o157, salmonella kedougou, and campylobacter jejuni on lairage-related substrates. | information on lairages (regarding design, construction materials, and use of bedding and cleaning regimes) was collected for 21 commercial cattle and/or sheep abattoirs in southwest england. overall, roughened or grooved concrete was the most common lairage flooring material. straw bedding was used in the majority of lairages and was changed between animal batches, daily, weekly, and monthly in roughly 5, 60, 15, and 10%, respectively, of the surveyed lairages. lairages were commonly washed wit ... | 2003 | 14503707 |
| survival and persistence of campylobacter and salmonella species under various organic loads on food contact surfaces. | although many cases of campylobacter and salmonella enteritis have been attributed to the undercooking of poultry and other foods, cross-contamination between raw and cooked foods via food contact surfaces and worker contact has also been identified as a significant risk factor. cross-contamination may be particularly important in relation to the high prevalence of contamination in raw poultry products and other foods and the low infectious doses that have been reported for campylobacter species ... | 2003 | 14503710 |
| detection and enumeration of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli by indirect impedimetry with an oxygen scavenging system. | six strains of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli were shown to grow in a variety of media, but, with one exception, they were unable to produce sufficient change in the electrical properties of the medium to allow their detection by impedance monitoring. with the use of an indirect method based on absorption of evolved carbon dioxide and a medium containing the oxygen scavenger oxyrase, all strains were detectable, and correlations between time to detection and the logarithm of the ino ... | 2003 | 14503735 |
| antibiotic-dependent induction of pseudomonas putida dot-t1e ttgabc efflux pump is mediated by the drug binding repressor ttgr. | pseudomonas putida is well known for its metabolic capabilities, but recently, it has been shown to exhibit resistance to a wide range of antibiotics. in p. putida dot-t1e, the ttgabc efflux pump, which has a broad substrate specificity, extrudes antibiotics such as ampicillin, carbenicillin, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, and chloramphenicol. we have analyzed the expression of the ttgabc efflux pump operon and its regulatory gene, ttgr, in response to several structurally unrelated antibiotics a ... | 2003 | 14506010 |
| an outbreak of campylobacter jejuni infection among conference delegates. | campylobacter infection is one of the most commonly reported foodborne diseases in australia however, reported campylobacter outbreaks are rare. this report describes such an outbreak among delegates attending a 10 day international academic meeting in south australia during may 2001. a retrospective cohort study of the 29 delegates who attended the conference was conducted. a questionnaire was sent by email with a response rate of 93 per cent. ten cases (onset of diarrhoea while attending the c ... | 2003 | 14510066 |
| strong associations between gene function and codon usage. | the association between codon usage and gene function was analyzed in the complete genomes of eschericia coli, bacillus subtilis, lactococcus lactis and campylobacter jejuni, using the functional annotation provided by ncbi. two distinctly different ways of quantifying codon usage were used in the analysis. by using contingency tables it was found that for most amino acids a highly significant association with gene function exists for all species, indicating that codon usage at the level of indi ... | 2003 | 14510641 |