Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| correlation of viral load of respiratory pathogens and co-infections with disease severity in children hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infection. | the clinical significance of viral load and co-infections in children with respiratory infections is not clear. | 2010 | 20646956 |
| exposing rodents to a combination of tobacco smoke and lipopolysaccharide results in an exaggerated inflammatory response in the lung. | acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), which are often associated with respiratory infections, are defined as a worsening of symptoms that require a change in medication. exacerbations are characterized by a reduction in lung function, quality of life and are associated with increased pro-inflammatory mediators in the lung. our aim was to develop an animal model to mimic aspects of this exaggerated inflammatory response by combining key etiological factors, tobacco ... | 2010 | 20649596 |
| tracing phylogenomic events leading to diversity of haemophilus influenzae and the emergence of brazilian purpuric fever (bpf)-associated clones. | here we report the use of a multi-genome dna microarray to elucidate the genomic events associated with the emergence of the clonal variants of haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius causing brazilian purpuric fever (bpf), an important pediatric disease with a high mortality rate. we performed directed genome sequencing of strain hk1212 unique loci to construct a species dna microarray. comparative genome hybridization using this microarray enabled us to determine and compare gene complements ... | 2010 | 20654709 |
| respiratory bacterial pathogens in the nasopharynx and lower airways of australian indigenous children with bronchiectasis. | to test the hypothesis that bacterial density, strain diversity, and concordance of pathogens between upper and lower airways are higher in children with bronchiectasis than in those with non-bronchiectatic conditions. | 2010 | 20656297 |
| biochemical and functional characterization of helicobacter pylori vesicles. | helicobacter pylori can cause peptic ulcer disease and/or gastric cancer. adhesion of bacteria to the stomach mucosa is an important contributor to the vigour of infection and resulting virulence. h. pylori adheres primarily via binding of baba adhesins to abo/lewis b (leb) blood group antigens and the binding of saba adhesins to sialyl-lewis x/a (slex/a) antigens. similar to most gram-negative bacteria, h. pylori continuously buds off vesicles and vesicles derived from pathogenic bacteria often ... | 2010 | 20659286 |
| efficacy and safety of nemonoxacin versus levofloxacin for community-acquired pneumonia. | nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, exhibits potent in vitro and in vivo activities against community-acquired pneumonia (cap) pathogens, including multidrug-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae. patients with mild to moderate cap (n = 265) were randomized to receive oral nemonoxacin (750 mg or 500 mg) or levofloxacin (500 mg) once daily for 7 days. clinical responses were determined at the test-of-cure visit in intent-to-treat (itt), clinical per protocol (ppc), evaluable-itt, and eval ... | 2010 | 20660689 |
| a decade of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis 1996-2006. | this study aimed to determine the aetiology, clinical presentation, co-morbidity, severity and the lobar distribution of non cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (ncfb). we performed a retrospective review of clinical, radiological, immunological and microbiological data from 92 non-cf patients with a high resolution thoracic ct (hrct) diagnosis of bronchiectasis in the three dublin children's referral hospitals for the period 1996-2006. of 92 patients (50 female), the median age at diagnosis was 6.4 ... | 2010 | 20666070 |
| characterization of a moraxella species that causes epistaxis in macaques. | bacteria of the genus moraxella have been isolated from a variety of mammalian hosts. in a prior survey of bacteria that colonize the rhesus macaque nasopharynx, performed at the tulane national primate research center, organisms of the moraxella genus were isolated from animals with epistaxis, or "bloody nose syndrome." they were biochemically identified as moraxella catarrhalis, and cryopreserved. another isolate was obtained from an epistatic cynomolgus macaque at the u.s. army medical resear ... | 2011 | 20667430 |
| prediction of delayed recovery from pediatric community-acquired pneumonia. | if children with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) do not recover within 48 hours after starting antibiotic therapy, complications are possible and a checkup must be ensured.aim of the present study was to evaluate the improvement of pediatric cap, within 48 hours after starting therapy, in relation to age, etiology, clinical/laboratory characteristics and selected antibiotics. | 2010 | 20670443 |
| outbreak of corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum infection in cystic fibrosis patients, france. | an increasing body of evidence indicates that nondiphtheria corynebacteria may be responsible for respiratory tract infections. we report an outbreak of corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum infection in children with cystic fibrosis (cf). to identify 18 c. pseudodiphtheriticum strains isolated from 13 french children with cf, we used molecular methods (partial rpob gene sequencing) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (maldi-tof) mass spectrometry. clinical symptoms wer ... | 2010 | 20678316 |
| association between nasopharyngeal load of streptococcus pneumoniae, viral coinfection, and radiologically confirmed pneumonia in vietnamese children. | the interplay between nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage, viral coinfection, and lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) is poorly understood. we explored this association in vietnamese children aged less than 5 years. | 2011 | 20686433 |
| community-acquired pneumonia in elderly patients. | community-acquired pneumonia continues to have a significant impact on elderly individuals, who are affected more frequently and with more severe consequences than younger populations. as the population ages it is expected that the medical and economic impact of this disease will increase. despite these concerns, little progress has been made in research specifically focusing on community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly. data continue to show that a high index of suspicion, early antimicrobial ... | 2009 | 20694055 |
| discovery and analysis of 4h-pyridopyrimidines, a class of selective bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors. | bacterial protein synthesis is the target for numerous natural and synthetic antibacterial agents. we have developed a poly(u) mrna-directed aminoacylation/translation protein synthesis system composed of phenyl-trna synthetases, ribosomes, and ribosomal factors from escherichia coli. this system, utilizing purified components, has been used for high-throughput screening of a small-molecule chemical library. we have identified a series of compounds that inhibit protein synthesis with 50% inhibit ... | 2010 | 20696870 |
| incidence of bacterial coinfection with respiratory syncytial virus bronchopulmonary infection in pediatric inpatients. | bacterial coinfection occurs in pediatric bronchopulmonary infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), but the incidence is uncertain. our subjects are 188 pediatric inpatients having rsv bronchopulmonary infection in two hospitals in chiba prefecture between 2005 and 2007. on admission, antigen detection kits using nasopharyngeal aspirate were performed to detect rsv infection and washed sputum bacterial culture was performed to detect bacterial infection. of the 188 pediatric inpat ... | 2011 | 20700753 |
| effectiveness of antibiotics for acute sinusitis in real-life medical practice. | determining bacterial aetiology of acute sinusitis is difficult without employing invasive procedures. most episodes of acute sinusitis resolve spontaneously. antibiotics have demonstrated efficacy for the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis in clinical trials yet little is known of their effectiveness in real-life treatment settings. | 2010 | 20716243 |
| new insights into the enigma of immunoglobulin d. | immunoglobulin d (igd) has remained a mysterious antibody class for almost half a century. igd was initially thought to be a recently evolved ig isotype expressed only by some mammalian species, but recent discoveries in fishes and amphibians demonstrate that igd was present in the ancestor of all jawed vertebrates and has important immunological functions. the structure of igd has been very dynamic throughout evolution. mammals can express igd through alternative splicing and class switch recom ... | 2010 | 20727035 |
| down-regulation of porin m35 in moraxella catarrhalis by aminopenicillins and environmental factors and its potential contribution to the mechanism of resistance to aminopenicillins. | the outer membrane protein m35 of moraxella catarrhalis is an antigenically conserved porin. knocking out m35 significantly increases the mics of aminopenicillins. the aim of this study was to determine the biological mechanism of this potentially new antimicrobial resistance mechanism of m. catarrhalis and the behaviour of m35 in general stress situations. | 2010 | 20801781 |
| sensitization of microcin j25-resistant strains by a membrane-permeabilizing peptide. | microcin j25 (mccj25) is a plasmid-encoded, 21-amino-acid, antibacterial peptide produced by escherichia coli. mccj25 inhibits rna polymerase and the membrane respiratory chain. mccj25 uptake into e. coli-sensitive strains is mediated by the outer membrane receptor fhua and the inner membrane proteins tonb, exbb, exbd, and sbma. this peptide is active on some e. coli, salmonella, and shigella species strains, while other gram-negative bacteria, such as clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae, ... | 2010 | 20802073 |
| comparative analyses of the bacterial microbiota of the human nostril and oropharynx. | the nose and throat are important sites of pathogen colonization, yet the microbiota of both is relatively unexplored by culture-independent approaches. we examined the bacterial microbiota of the nostril and posterior wall of the oropharynx from seven healthy adults using two culture-independent methods, a 16s rrna gene microarray (phylochip) and 16s rrna gene clone libraries. while the bacterial microbiota of the oropharynx was richer than that of the nostril, the oropharyngeal microbiota vari ... | 2010 | 20802827 |
| indirect pathogenicity of haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis in polymicrobial otitis media occurs via interspecies quorum signaling. | otitis media (om) is among the leading diseases of childhood and is caused by opportunists that reside within the nasopharynx, such as haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis. as with most airway infections, it is now clear that om infections involve multiple organisms. this study addresses the hypothesis that polymicrobial infection alters the course, severity, and/or treatability of om disease. the results clearly show that coinfection with h. influenzae and m. catarrhalis promotes th ... | 2010 | 20802829 |
| prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in canadian hospitals: results of the canadian ward surveillance study (canward 2008). | a total of 5,282 bacterial isolates obtained between 1 january and 31 december 31 2008, inclusive, from patients in 10 hospitals across canada as part of the canadian ward surveillance study (canward 2008) underwent susceptibility testing. the 10 most common organisms, representing 78.8% of all clinical specimens, were as follows: escherichia coli (21.4%), methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa; 13.9%), streptococcus pneumoniae (10.3%), pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.1%), klebsiella pneu ... | 2010 | 20805395 |
| vitronectin in bacterial pathogenesis: a host protein used in complement escape and cellular invasion. | the multifunctional human glycoprotein vitronectin (vn) plays a significant role in cell migration, tissue repair and regulation of membrane attack complex (mac) formation. it also promotes neutrophil infiltration and, thus, enhances the inflammatory process during infection. in the host, a balanced homeostasis is maintained by vn due to neutralization of the self-reactivity of the mac. on the other hand, vn bound to the bacterial surface protects from mac-mediated lysis and enhances adhesion. g ... | 2010 | 20807208 |
| management of acute otitis media. | 2009 | 20808476 | |
| the synthetic bacterial lipopeptide pam3csk4 modulates respiratory syncytial virus infection independent of tlr activation. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of acute respiratory disease in infants, immunocompromised subjects and the elderly. however, it is unclear why most primary rsv infections are associated with relatively mild symptoms, whereas some result in severe lower respiratory tract infections and bronchiolitis. since rsv hospitalization has been associated with respiratory bacterial co-infections, we have tested if bacterial toll-like receptor (tlr) agonists influence rsv-a2-gfp inf ... | 2010 | 20808895 |
| moraxella catarrhalis: an unrecognized pathogen of the oral cavity? | abstract objective: we investigated the effect of the bacterial flora of the nose and throat on the outcome of the initial repairs of the cleft palate in the presence of prophylactic antibiotics. design: a retrospective review of 90 procedures in 66 patients who had cleft palate repair between april 2005 and june 2007 was carried out at booth hall children's hospital, manchester, uk. both isolated cleft palate (cp) and cleft lip and palate (clp) patients were included. exclusion criteria include ... | 2010 | 20815726 |
| specificity in killing pathogens is mediated by distinct repertoires of human neutrophil peptides. | neutrophil-derived antimicrobial peptides and proteins (amps) play an important role in the defense against microbes. absence of defense is illustrated by neutropenic patients with frequent bacterial and fungal infections. however, the specificity of the antimicrobial effects has not been adequately described. we set out to determine the specific antimicrobial pattern of polypeptides in neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes, pmns) against 4 potential human pathogens: moraxella catarrhalis, s ... | 2010 | 20820100 |
| risk factors for otitis media in children with special emphasis on the role of colonization with bacterial airway pathogens: the generation r study. | acute otitis media is the most frequent diagnosis in children visiting physicians' offices. risk factors for otitis media have been widely studied. yet, the correlation between bacterial carriage and the development of otitis media is not entirely clear. our aim was to study in a population-based prospective cohort the risk factors for otitis media in the second year of life with special emphasis on the role of colonization with streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella cata ... | 2011 | 20821039 |
| microbiology of acute complicated bacterial sinusitis at the university of the witwatersrand. | a retrospective chart review study at two referral hospitals identified 226 consecutive surgical patients with acute complicated sinusitis. | 2010 | 20822623 |
| gluconobacter as well as asaia species, newly emerging opportunistic human pathogens among acetic acid bacteria. | acetic acid bacteria (aab) are broadly used in industrial food processing. among them, members of the genera asaia, acetobacter, and granulibacter were recently reported to be human opportunistic pathogens. we isolated aab from clinical samples from three patients and describe here the clinical and bacteriological features of these cases. we report for the first time (i) the isolation of a gluconobacter sp. from human clinical samples; (ii) the successive isolation of different aab, i.e., an asa ... | 2010 | 20826638 |
| suppression subtractive hybridization identifies an autotransporter adhesin gene of e. coli imt5155 specifically associated with avian pathogenic escherichia coli (apec). | extraintestinal pathogenic e. coli (expec) represent a phylogenetically diverse group of bacteria which are implicated in a large range of infections in humans and animals. although subgroups of different expec pathotypes, including uropathogenic, newborn meningitis causing, and avian pathogenic e. coli (apec) share a number of virulence features, there still might be factors specifically contributing to the pathogenesis of a certain subset of strains or a distinct pathotype. thus, we made use o ... | 2010 | 20828376 |
| the patterns of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance of bacterial keratitis isolates in glasgow, united kingdom. | trends in antibiotic sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria change with time and the emergence of resistance to commonly used antibiotics is not uncommon. the aim of this study is to identify the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance patterns in a tertiary referral centre that commonly manages corneal infections. | 2010 | 20831515 |
| the in vitro evaluation of solithromycin (cem-101) against pathogens isolated in the united states and europe (2009). | solithromycin (formerly cem-101) is a novel fluoroketolide with potent activity against bacterial pathogens that are susceptible or resistant to other mls(b)-ketolide agents. the objective of this study was to assess the activity of solithromycin and comparator antimicrobials against a large number and variety of contemporary clinical bacterial pathogens collected in the united states (usa) and europe during 2009. | 2010 | 20831882 |
| moraxella catarrhalis lgt2, a galactosyltransferase with broad acceptor substrate specificity. | the genetic basis of lipo-oligosaccharide (los) biosynthesis for the bacterium moraxella catarrhalis has been elucidated and functions suggested for each of the glycosyltransferases. in this study we have expressed and characterised one of these enzymes, the putative galactosyltransferase lgt2(b/c). the lgt2(b/c) gene was amplified from m. catarrhalis, expressed in escherichia coli, and lgt2(b/c) was purified. analysis of its glycosyltransferase catalytic activity ascertained the ph and temperat ... | 2010 | 20832776 |
| comparative in vitro activities of torezolid (da-7157) against clinical isolates of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in south korea. | resistance of gram-positive pathogens to first-line antimicrobial agents has been increasing in many parts of the world. we compared the in vitro activities of torezolid with those of other antimicrobial agents, including linezolid, against clinical isolates of major aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. torezolid had an mic(90) of ≤0.5 μg/ml for the gram-positive bacterial isolates tested and was more potent than either linezolid or vancomycin. | 2010 | 20837761 |
| antibacterial activity of carbapenems against clinical isolates of respiratory bacterial pathogens in the northeastern region of japan in 2007. | as the increasing prevalence of resistant strains of respiratory bacterial pathogens has recently been reported, continuous monitoring of the susceptibility of clinical isolates to antibacterial agents is important. we performed a surveillance study focusing on the susceptibility of major respiratory bacterial pathogens in the northeastern region of japan to carbapenems and control drugs. a total of 168 bacterial strains isolated from patients with respiratory tract infections in 2007 were colle ... | 2011 | 20839026 |
| colonization of healthy children by moraxella catarrhalis is characterized by genotype heterogeneity, virulence gene diversity and co-colonization with haemophilus influenzae. | the colonization dynamics of moraxella catarrhalis were studied in a population comprising 1079 healthy children living in rotterdam, the netherlands (the generation r focus cohort). a total of 2751 nasal swabs were obtained during four clinic visits timed to take place at 1.5, 6, 14 and 24 months of age, yielding a total of 709 m. catarrhalis and 621 haemophilus influenzae isolates. between january 2004 and december 2006, approximate but regular 6-monthly cycles of colonization were observed, w ... | 2011 | 20847012 |
| colistin resistance in acinetobacter baumannii is mediated by complete loss of lipopolysaccharide production. | infections caused by multidrug-resistant (mdr) gram-negative bacteria represent a major global health problem. polymyxin antibiotics such as colistin have resurfaced as effective last-resort antimicrobials for use against mdr gram-negative pathogens, including acinetobacter baumannii. here we show that a. baumannii can rapidly develop resistance to polymyxin antibiotics by complete loss of the initial binding target, the lipid a component of lipopolysaccharide (lps), which has long been consider ... | 2010 | 20855724 |
| in vitro and in vivo activities of lcb01-0371, a new oxazolidinone. | lcb01-0371 is a new oxazolidinone with cyclic amidrazone. in vitro activity of lcb01-0371 against 624 clinical isolates was evaluated and compared with those of linezolid, vancomycin, and other antibiotics. lcb01-0371 showed good activity against gram-positive pathogens. in vivo activity of lcb01-0371 against systemic infections in mice was also evaluated. lcb01-0371 was more active than linezolid against these systemic infections. lcb01-0371 showed bacteriostatic activity against staphylococcus ... | 2010 | 20855730 |
| nested pcr-linked capillary electrophoresis and single-strand conformation polymorphisms for detection of macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae in beijing, china. | mycoplasma pneumoniae is usually susceptible to macrolides, but macrolide-resistant strains have been found frequently in recent years. mutations in domain v of the 23s rrna gene of m. pneumoniae interfere with the binding of macrolides to rrna and mediate macrolide resistance. in this study, we developed a rapid and inexpensive method that combines nested pcr (npcr), single-strand conformation polymorphisms (sscps), and capillary electrophoresis (ce) to detect macrolide-resistant mutants direct ... | 2010 | 20861333 |
| structure of a burkholderia pseudomallei trimeric autotransporter adhesin head. | pathogenic bacteria adhere to the host cell surface using a family of outer membrane proteins called trimeric autotransporter adhesins (taas). although taas are highly divergent in sequence and domain structure, they are all conceptually comprised of a c-terminal membrane anchoring domain and an n-terminal passenger domain. passenger domains consist of a secretion sequence, a head region that facilitates binding to the host cell surface, and a stalk region. | 2010 | 20862217 |
| greatest international antiinfective trial (giant) with moxifloxacin in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: subanalysis of chinese data of a global, multicenter, noninterventional study. | a single infective acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (aecb) has a sustained effect on health status. although a number of clinical investigations have demonstrated the efficacy of antibiotics in aecb, increased bacterial resistance has caused concern about the efficacy of currently available antibiotic therapies. this subanalysis of a global noninterventional study aimed to evaluate the impact of aecb on the patient and the community and the effectiveness and safety of a treatment with mo ... | 2010 | 20865098 |
| durable infection control and function with the prostalac spacer in two-stage revision for infected knee arthroplasty. | a two-stage revision total knee arthroplasty is recognized as the gold standard in the treatment of infection. however, traditional spacers limit function in the interval between the two stages and may cause instability, scarring, and bone erosion. the prostalac knee spacer is an antibiotic-loaded cement articulating spacer that allows some movement of the knee between stages. whether motion enhances long-term function is unknown. | 2010 | 20878287 |
| durable infection control and function with the prostalac spacer in two-stage revision for infected knee arthroplasty. | a two-stage revision total knee arthroplasty is recognized as the gold standard in the treatment of infection. however, traditional spacers limit function in the interval between the two stages and may cause instability, scarring, and bone erosion. the prostalac knee spacer is an antibiotic-loaded cement articulating spacer that allows some movement of the knee between stages. whether motion enhances long-term function is unknown. | 2010 | 20878287 |
| pneumococcal carriage is more common in asthmatic than in non-asthmatic young men. | the aim was to investigate the prevalence of oropharyngeal carriage of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, neisseria meningitidis and beta-haemolytic streptococci among asthmatic and non-asthmatic young finnish men and to identify putative risk factors. | 2010 | 20887345 |
| identification of burkholderia mallei and burkholderia pseudomallei adhesins for human respiratory epithelial cells. | burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia mallei cause the diseases melioidosis and glanders, respectively. a well-studied aspect of pathogenesis by these closely-related bacteria is their ability to invade and multiply within eukaryotic cells. in contrast, the means by which b. pseudomallei and b. mallei adhere to cells are poorly defined. the purpose of this study was to identify adherence factors expressed by these organisms. | 2010 | 20920184 |
| association of bacteria and viruses with wheezy episodes in young children: prospective birth cohort study. | to study the association between wheezy symptoms in young children and the presence of bacteria in the airways. | 2010 | 20921080 |
| development and characterization of protective haemophilus parasuis subunit vaccines based on native proteins with affinity to porcine transferrin and comparison with other subunit and commercial vaccines. | haemophilus parasuis is the agent responsible for causing glässer's disease, which is characterized by fibrinous polyserositis, polyarthritis, and meningitis in pigs. in this study, we have characterized native outer membrane proteins with affinity to porcine transferrin (npapt) from h. parasuis serovar 5, nagasaki strain. this pool of proteins was used as antigen to developed two vaccine formulations: one was adjuvanted with a mineral oil (montanide ims 2215 vg pr), while the other was potentia ... | 2010 | 20926701 |
| development and characterization of protective haemophilus parasuis subunit vaccines based on native proteins with affinity to porcine transferrin and comparison with other subunit and commercial vaccines. | haemophilus parasuis is the agent responsible for causing glässer's disease, which is characterized by fibrinous polyserositis, polyarthritis, and meningitis in pigs. in this study, we have characterized native outer membrane proteins with affinity to porcine transferrin (npapt) from h. parasuis serovar 5, nagasaki strain. this pool of proteins was used as antigen to developed two vaccine formulations: one was adjuvanted with a mineral oil (montanide ims 2215 vg pr), while the other was potentia ... | 2010 | 20926701 |
| serum intercellular adhesion molecule 1 variations in young children with acute otitis media. | acute otitis media (aom) is an inflammatory reaction in the middle ear, most often occurring in young children. streptococcus pneumoniae, nontypeable haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis are the most common bacteria isolated. intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (icam-1) is involved in the innate immune response to infection by microorganisms, in effective antigen presentation, and in subsequent t-cell activation. here we prospectively studied levels of serum soluble icam-1 (sicam-1) b ... | 2010 | 20926702 |
| infections of people with complement deficiencies and patients who have undergone splenectomy. | the complement system comprises several fluid-phase and membrane-associated proteins. under physiological conditions, activation of the fluid-phase components of complement is maintained under tight control and complement activation occurs primarily on surfaces recognized as "nonself" in an attempt to minimize damage to bystander host cells. membrane complement components act to limit complement activation on host cells or to facilitate uptake of antigens or microbes "tagged" with complement fra ... | 2010 | 20930072 |
| nosocomial pneumonia in critically ill patients. | the care of critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (icu) is a primary component of modern medicine. icus create potential for recovery in patients who otherwise may not have survived. however, they may suffer from problems associated with of nosocomial infections. nosocomial infections are those which manifest in patients 48 hours after admission to hospital. nosocomial infections are directly related to diagnostic, interventional or therapeutic procedures a patient undergoes in hosp ... | 2010 | 20931034 |
| prolonged use of ertapenem to treat infected diabetic foot ulcers. | we present the case of a diabetic man who was successfully treated with ertapenem for over 4 months for severe infection of his foot ulcers. after initial unsuccessful treatment with empirical intravenous antibiotics, ertapenem was started on microbiology advice and led to a marked improvement in the soft-tissue infection. ertapenem was continued for a total of 137 days under close clinical and biochemical monitoring and produced a complete resolution of the foot infection. this is the first doc ... | 2010 | 20936155 |
| nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization during the first wheezing episode is associated with longer duration of hospitalization and higher risk of relapse in young children. | the purpose of this study was to examine the association between bacterial colonization/infection and respiratory outcomes in children younger than 3 years old who were hospitalized for their first wheezing episode. this was an observational study. the primary outcome was hospitalization time and the secondary outcomes included relapses within 2 months and time to recurrent wheezing (i.e. three physician confirmed wheezing episodes) within 12 months. bacterial antibody assays for streptococcus p ... | 2010 | 20938703 |
| the multifunctional host defense peptide splunc1 is critical for homeostasis of the mammalian upper airway. | otitis media (om) is a highly prevalent pediatric disease caused by normal flora of the nasopharynx that ascend the eustachian tube and enter the middle ear. as om is a disease of opportunity, it is critical to gain an increased understanding of immune system components that are operational in the upper airway and aid in prevention of this disease. splunc1 is an antimicrobial host defense peptide that is hypothesized to contribute to the health of the airway both through bactericidal and non-bac ... | 2010 | 20949060 |
| antimicrobial activity of doripenem and other carbapenems against gram-negative pathogens from korea. | a total of 950 gram-negative bacterial isolates from patients with bacteremia and urinary tract infections were collected from tertiary-care hospitals in korea. in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using broth microdilution test according to clinical and laboratory standards institute protocol. in general, carbapenems such as doripenem, imipenem, and meropenem were very active against enterobacteriaceae, moraxella catarrhalis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and acinetobacter sp. ... | 2010 | 20950191 |
| etiology and antibacterial susceptibility pattern of community-acquired bacterial ocular infections in a tertiary eye care hospital in south india. | to identify the etiology, incidence and prevalence of ocular bacterial infections, and to assess the in vitro susceptibility of these ocular bacterial isolates to commonly used antibiotics. | 2010 | 20952834 |
| interspecies bacterial communication as a target for therapy in otitis media. | 2010 | 20954869 | |
| molecular characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis: functional analysis of gyra mutation at position 74. | a pcr-sequencing assay was evaluated for direct detection of mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region (qrdr) of gyrase a (gyra) gene in fluoroquinolone-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis in respiratory specimens. as determined by gyra qrdr analysis, complete concordance of genotypic and phenotypic fluoroquinolone resistance was demonstrated. our results indicate that the assay is a rapid and reliable method for the diagnosis of fluoroquinolone-resistant tuberculosis, facilitati ... | 2010 | 20956608 |
| molecular characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis: functional analysis of gyra mutation at position 74. | a pcr-sequencing assay was evaluated for direct detection of mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region (qrdr) of gyrase a (gyra) gene in fluoroquinolone-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis in respiratory specimens. as determined by gyra qrdr analysis, complete concordance of genotypic and phenotypic fluoroquinolone resistance was demonstrated. our results indicate that the assay is a rapid and reliable method for the diagnosis of fluoroquinolone-resistant tuberculosis, facilitati ... | 2010 | 20956608 |
| microbes responsible for acute exacerbation of copd. | this study was designed to find out the microbes responsible for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). this study was carried out in the national institute of diseases of the chest & hospital (nidch), dhaka during the period of january 2003 to december 2003. the study was a prospective case control study. there were 88 male and 2 female patients. the majority of the study subjects fell within the range of 50-70 years. all were smokers. 30 stable copd patients were t ... | 2010 | 20956903 |
| resistance and the management of complicated skin and skin structure infections: the role of ceftobiprole. | antimicrobial resistant bacteria are an increasing concern due to the resulting increase in morbidity, mortality, and health-care costs associated with the administration of inadequate or delayed antimicrobial therapy. the implications of inadequate antimicrobial therapy in complicated skin and skin structure infections (csssis) have gained more attention recently, most likely due to the recent emergence of community-acquired methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and the already hig ... | 2010 | 20957140 |
| potential of ceragenin csa-13 and its mixture with pluronic f-127 as treatment of topical bacterial infections. | ceragenin csa-13 is a synthetic mimic of cationic antibacterial peptides, with facial amphiphilic morphology reproduced using a cholic acid scaffold. previous data have shown that this molecule displays broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, which decreases in the presence of blood plasma. however, at higher concentrations, csa-13 can cause lysis of erythrocytes. this study was designed to assess in vitro antibacterial and haemolytic activity of csa-13 in the presence of pluronic f-127. | 2010 | 20961363 |
| potential of ceragenin csa-13 and its mixture with pluronic f-127 as treatment of topical bacterial infections. | ceragenin csa-13 is a synthetic mimic of cationic antibacterial peptides, with facial amphiphilic morphology reproduced using a cholic acid scaffold. previous data have shown that this molecule displays broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, which decreases in the presence of blood plasma. however, at higher concentrations, csa-13 can cause lysis of erythrocytes. this study was designed to assess in vitro antibacterial and haemolytic activity of csa-13 in the presence of pluronic f-127. | 2010 | 20961363 |
| molecular probes for diagnosis of clinically relevant bacterial infections in blood cultures. | broad-range real-time pcr and sequencing of the 16s rrna gene region is a widely known method for the detection and identification of bacteria in clinical samples. however, because of the need for sequencing, such identification of bacteria is time-consuming. the aim of our study was to develop a more rapid 16s real-time pcr-based identification assay using species- or genus-specific probes. the gram-negative bacteria were divided into pseudomonas species, pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia col ... | 2010 | 20962139 |
| epidemiology of nasopharyngeal carriage of respiratory bacterial pathogens in children and adults: cross-sectional surveys in a population with high rates of pneumococcal disease. | to determine the prevalence of carriage of respiratory bacterial pathogens, and the risk factors for and serotype distribution of pneumococcal carriage in an australian aboriginal population. | 2010 | 20969800 |
| mapping of the neisseria meningitidis nada cell-binding site: relevance of predicted {alpha}-helices in the nh2-terminal and dimeric coiled-coil regions. | nada is a trimeric autotransporter protein of neisseria meningitidis belonging to the group of oligomeric coiled-coil adhesins. it is implicated in the colonization of the human upper respiratory tract by hypervirulent serogroup b n. meningitidis strains and is part of a multiantigen anti-serogroup b vaccine. structure prediction indicates that nada is made by a cooh-terminal membrane anchor (also necessary for autotranslocation to the bacterial surface), an intermediate elongated coiled-coil-ri ... | 2010 | 20971901 |
| mapping of the neisseria meningitidis nada cell-binding site: relevance of predicted {alpha}-helices in the nh2-terminal and dimeric coiled-coil regions. | nada is a trimeric autotransporter protein of neisseria meningitidis belonging to the group of oligomeric coiled-coil adhesins. it is implicated in the colonization of the human upper respiratory tract by hypervirulent serogroup b n. meningitidis strains and is part of a multiantigen anti-serogroup b vaccine. structure prediction indicates that nada is made by a cooh-terminal membrane anchor (also necessary for autotranslocation to the bacterial surface), an intermediate elongated coiled-coil-ri ... | 2010 | 20971901 |
| [evaluation of the safety and efficacy of cefditoren pivoxil fine granules for pediatric use in pediatric patients with acute otitis media]. | a clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of acute otitis media in children, in view of the causative organisms of the disease and their drug susceptibility, was issued in march 2006. in the guideline, cefditoren pivoxil (cdtr-pi, meiact ms fine granules 10% for pediatric use) is recommended as an oral cephem antibiotic for the treatment of the disease. to collect information on the appropriate use of the drug in the clinical setting after issuance of the guideline, we condu ... | 2010 | 20976878 |
| differences in nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage in preschool children from different socio-economic origins. | clin microbiol infect abstract: a prospective cohort study of preschool healthy children (3-6 years old) from two distinct socio-economic settings in the brussels area, belgium, was conducted during the years 2006-2008. the objectives were to evaluate nasopharyngeal colonization by streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, moraxella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae at the time of pcv7 vaccine introduction and to assess the socio-economic level impact on flora composition and antibio ... | 2010 | 20977542 |
| topical ciprofloxacin is superior to topical saline and systemic antibiotics in the treatment of tympanostomy tube otorrhea in children: the results of a randomized clinical trial. | to compare the clinical failure rates among children with otorrhea through tympanostomy tubes treated with topical or systemic antibiotics versus topical saline. | 2010 | 20979100 |
| selective decontamination of the digestive tract reduces pneumonia and mortality. | selective decontamination of the digestive tract (sdd) has been subject of numerous randomized controlled trials in critically ill patients. almost all clinical trials showed sdd to prevent pneumonia. nevertheless, sdd has remained a controversial strategy. one reason for why clinicians remained reluctant to implement sdd into daily practice could be that mortality was reduced in only 2 trials. another reason could be the heterogeneity of trials of sdd. indeed, many different prophylactic antimi ... | 2010 | 20981328 |
| bacterial infections and pediatric asthma. | streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis seem to have no role in asthma in children. mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydophila pneumoniae can induce wheezing and cause asthma exacerbations in children, and chronic chlamydophila infections may even participate in asthma pathogenesis. however, studies have failed to show any benefits from antibiotics for incipient or stable pediatric asthma, as well as for asthma exacerbations in children. exposure to antibiotics in ... | 2010 | 21029939 |
| procalcitonin and c-reactive protein in hospitalized adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia or exacerbation of asthma or copd. | antibiotic overuse in respiratory illness is common and is associated with drug resistance and hospital-acquired infection. biomarkers that can identify bacterial infections may reduce antibiotic prescription. we aimed to compare the usefulness of the biomarkers procalcitonin and c-reactive protein (crp) in patients with pneumonia or exacerbations of asthma or copd. | 2010 | 21030489 |
| procalcitonin and c-reactive protein in hospitalized adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia or exacerbation of asthma or copd. | antibiotic overuse in respiratory illness is common and is associated with drug resistance and hospital-acquired infection. biomarkers that can identify bacterial infections may reduce antibiotic prescription. we aimed to compare the usefulness of the biomarkers procalcitonin and c-reactive protein (crp) in patients with pneumonia or exacerbations of asthma or copd. | 2010 | 21030489 |
| adhesive activity of the haemophilus cryptic genospecies cha autotransporter is modulated by variation in tandem peptide repeats. | the haemophilus cryptic genospecies is an important cause of maternal genital tract and neonatal systemic infections and initiates infection by colonizing the genital or respiratory epithelium. in recent work, we identified a unique haemophilus cryptic genospecies protein called cha, which mediates efficient adherence to genital and respiratory epithelia. the cha adhesin belongs to the trimeric autotransporter family and contains an n-terminal signal peptide, an internal passenger domain that ha ... | 2010 | 21037000 |
| adhesive activity of the haemophilus cryptic genospecies cha autotransporter is modulated by variation in tandem peptide repeats. | the haemophilus cryptic genospecies is an important cause of maternal genital tract and neonatal systemic infections and initiates infection by colonizing the genital or respiratory epithelium. in recent work, we identified a unique haemophilus cryptic genospecies protein called cha, which mediates efficient adherence to genital and respiratory epithelia. the cha adhesin belongs to the trimeric autotransporter family and contains an n-terminal signal peptide, an internal passenger domain that ha ... | 2010 | 21037000 |
| developments in the field of allergy in 2009 through the eyes of clinical and experimental allergy. | in 2009 the journal published in the region of 200 papers including reviews, editorials, opinion pieces and original papers that ran the full gamut of allergic disease. it is instructive to take stock of this output to determine patterns of interest and where the cutting edge lies. we have surveyed the field of allergic disease as seen through the pages of clinical and experimental allergy (cea) highlighting trends, emphasizing notable observations and placing discoveries in the context of other ... | 2010 | 21039970 |
| antimicrobial, antimalarial, and antileishmanial activities of mono- and bis-quaternary pyridinium compounds. | pyridinium-based oxime compounds have been utilized worldwide as antidotes following exposure to anticholinesterase agents. in the event of combined chemical and biological incident, it is of vital importance to know the ability of antidotes to provide additional protection against biological threats. this paper reports results of in vitro antimicrobial and antiprotozoal activities of a series of quaternary pyridinium oximes against a number of lower pathogenicity bsl-1 and 2 agents. in general, ... | 2010 | 21040494 |
| in vitro activity of ceftaroline against a broad spectrum of recent clinical anaerobic isolates. | the in vitro activity of ceftaroline was compared with those of ceftriaxone, clindamycin, imipenem, metronidazole, moxifloxacin, tigecycline, and vancomycin against 514 clinical anaerobic isolates using clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) standard methodology. ceftaroline demonstrated good to excellent activity against gram-positive anaerobic pathogens and limited activity against gram-negative pathogens, particularly bacteroides fragilis group isolates. | 2010 | 21041506 |
| in vitro activity of ceftaroline against a broad spectrum of recent clinical anaerobic isolates. | the in vitro activity of ceftaroline was compared with those of ceftriaxone, clindamycin, imipenem, metronidazole, moxifloxacin, tigecycline, and vancomycin against 514 clinical anaerobic isolates using clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) standard methodology. ceftaroline demonstrated good to excellent activity against gram-positive anaerobic pathogens and limited activity against gram-negative pathogens, particularly bacteroides fragilis group isolates. | 2010 | 21041506 |
| multicomponent moraxella catarrhalis outer membrane vesicles induce an inflammatory response and are internalized by human epithelial cells. | moraxella catarrhalis is an emerging human respiratory pathogen in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and in children with acute otitis media. the specific secretion machinery known as outer membrane vesicles (omvs) is a mechanism by which gram-negative pathogens interact with host cells during infection. we identified 57 proteins in m. catarrhalis omvs using a proteomics approach combining two-dimensional sds-page and maldi-tof mass spectrometry analysis. the omvs contai ... | 2010 | 21044239 |
| innate signaling in otitis media: pathogenesis and recovery. | otitis media (om) is the most prevalent childhood disease in developed countries. involvement of innate immunity mediated by toll-like receptors (tlrs) in om has been implicated primarily in cell lines and by association studies of innate immune gene polymorphisms with om prevalence. however, the precise role of innate immunity in om is incompletely understood. we review recent research that has advanced our understanding of how innate immunity in the middle ear is mediated by the interaction of ... | 2011 | 21049294 |
| innate signaling in otitis media: pathogenesis and recovery. | otitis media (om) is the most prevalent childhood disease in developed countries. involvement of innate immunity mediated by toll-like receptors (tlrs) in om has been implicated primarily in cell lines and by association studies of innate immune gene polymorphisms with om prevalence. however, the precise role of innate immunity in om is incompletely understood. we review recent research that has advanced our understanding of how innate immunity in the middle ear is mediated by the interaction of ... | 2011 | 21049294 |
| splunc1 regulation in airway epithelial cells: role of toll-like receptor 2 signaling. | respiratory infections including mycoplasma pneumoniae (mp) contribute to various chronic lung diseases. we have shown that mouse short palate, lung, and nasal epithelium clone 1 (splunc1) protein was able to inhibit mp growth. further, airway epithelial cells increased splunc1 expression upon mp infection. however, the mechanisms underlying splunc1 regulation remain unknown. in the current study, we investigated if splunc1 production following mp infection is regulated through toll-like recepto ... | 2010 | 21054862 |
| 2-aminoacetophenone as a potential breath biomarker for pseudomonas aeruginosa in the cystic fibrosis lung. | pseudomonas aeruginosa infections are associated with progressive life threatening decline of lung function in cystic fibrosis sufferers. growth of ps. aeruginosa releases a "grape-like" odour that has been identified as the microbial volatile organic compound 2-aminoacetophenone (2-aa). | 2010 | 21054900 |
| novel hybrids of 15-membered 8a- and 9a-azahomoerythromycin a ketolides and quinolones as potent antibacterials. | a series of novel 6-o-substituted and 6,12-di-o-substituted 8a-aza-8a-homoerythromycin a and 9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin a ketolides were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity against a panel of representative erythromycin-susceptible and erythromycin-resistant test strains. another series of ketolides based on 14-membered erythromycin oxime scaffold was also synthesized and their antibacterial activity compared to those of 15-membered azahomoerythromycin analogues. in gen ... | 2010 | 21055953 |
| clinical features and outcome of patients with irak-4 and myd88 deficiency. | autosomal recessive interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (irak)-4 and myeloid differentiation factor (myd)88 deficiencies impair toll-like receptor (tlr)- and interleukin-1 receptor-mediated immunity. we documented the clinical features and outcome of 48 patients with irak-4 deficiency and 12 patients with myd88 deficiency, from 37 kindreds in 15 countries.the clinical features of irak-4 and myd88 deficiency were indistinguishable. there were no severe viral, parasitic, and fungal diseases, ... | 2010 | 21057262 |
| molecular analysis improves pathogen identification and epidemiologic study of pediatric parapneumonic empyema. | parapneumonic empyema (ppe) is an increasingly common complication of bacterial pneumonia. epidemiologic study is complicated by the low frequency of positive cultures. we sought to describe the epidemiology of ppe in children using molecular analysis of pleural fluid. | 2011 | 21057372 |
| do ribosomopathies explain some cases of common variable immunodeficiency? | the considerable clinical heterogeneity of patients with common variable immunodeficiency disorders (cvid) shares some similarity with bone-marrow failure disorders such as diamond-blackfan anaemia (dba) and shwachman-diamond syndrome (sds), now recognized as defects in ribosome biogenesis or ribosomopathies. the recognition of a patient with dba who subsequently developed cvid lends support to our previous finding of a heterozygous mutation in the sbds gene of sbds in another cvid patient, sugg ... | 2010 | 21062271 |
| ceftaroline fosamil: a novel broad-spectrum cephalosporin. | ceftaroline fosamil is a new extended-spectrum cephalosporin with activity against drug-resistant grampositive pathogens such as methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and penicillin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae. at the same time, its gramnegative spectrum of coverage includes common respiratory pathogens such as haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis, as well as wild-type enterobacteriaceae. in vivo efficacy for the treatment of experimental endocarditis, pneumonia, ... | 2010 | 21076711 |
| effect of apolactoferrin on experimental pneumococcal otitis media. | to find the effect of apolactoferrin administration on the middle and inner ears after experimentally induced pneumococcal otitis media. | 2010 | 21079169 |
| orbital cellulitis and abscess. | 2010 | 21079719 | |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of doripenem against clinical isolates from french teaching hospitals: proposition of zone diameter breakpoints. | the aims of the study were to determine the in vitro activity of doripenem, a new carbapenem, against a large number of bacterial pathogens and to propose zone diameter breakpoints for clinical categorization in france according to the european committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing (eucast) minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) breakpoints. the mics of doripenem were determined by the broth microdilution method against 1,547 clinical isolates from eight french hospitals. the disk di ... | 2010 | 21088861 |
| nitric oxide-sensitive and -insensitive interaction of bacillus subtilis nsrr with a resde-controlled promoter. | nsrr is a nitric oxide (no)-sensitive transcription repressor that controls no metabolism in a wide range of bacteria. in bacillus subtilis, nsrr represses transcription of the nitrite reductase (nasdef) genes that are under positive control of the resd-rese two-component signal transduction system. derepression is achieved by reaction of no with nsrr. unlike some nsrr orthologues that were shown to contain a no-sensitive [2fe-2s] cluster, b. subtilis nsrr, when purified anaerobically either fro ... | 2010 | 21091510 |
| identification of gene products involved in the oxidative stress response of moraxella catarrhalis. | moraxella catarrhalis is subjected to oxidative stress from both internal and environmental sources. a previous study (c. d. pericone, k. overweg, p. w. hermans, and j. n. weiser, infect. immun. 68:3990-3997, 2000) indicated that a wild-type strain of m. catarrhalis was very resistant to killing by exogenous hydrogen peroxide (h₂o₂). the gene encoding oxyr, a lysr family transcriptional regulator, was identified and inactivated in m. catarrhalis strain o35e, resulting in an increase in sensitivi ... | 2010 | 21098105 |
| pharmacokinetics, safety, and biologic effects of azithromycin in extremely preterm infants at risk for ureaplasma colonization and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | ureaplasma spp. respiratory tract colonization is a significant risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd), a chronic lung disorder in preterm infants. as an initial step preparatory to future clinical trials to evaluate the clinical efficacy of azithromycin to prevent bpd, the authors characterized the pharmacokinetics, safety, and biological effects of a single intravenous dose of azithromycin (10 mg/kg) in preterm neonates (n = 12) 24 to 28 weeks gestation at risk for ureaplasma infecti ... | 2010 | 21098694 |
| pharmacokinetics, safety, and biologic effects of azithromycin in extremely preterm infants at risk for ureaplasma colonization and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | ureaplasma spp. respiratory tract colonization is a significant risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd), a chronic lung disorder in preterm infants. as an initial step preparatory to future clinical trials to evaluate the clinical efficacy of azithromycin to prevent bpd, the authors characterized the pharmacokinetics, safety, and biological effects of a single intravenous dose of azithromycin (10 mg/kg) in preterm neonates (n = 12) 24 to 28 weeks gestation at risk for ureaplasma infecti ... | 2010 | 21098694 |
| burkdiff: a real-time pcr allelic discrimination assay for burkholderia pseudomallei and b. mallei. | a real-time pcr assay, burkdiff, was designed to target a unique conserved region in the b. pseudomallei and b. mallei genomes containing a snp that differentiates the two species. sensitivity and specificity were assessed by screening burkdiff across 469 isolates of b. pseudomallei, 49 isolates of b. mallei, and 390 isolates of clinically relevant non-target species. concordance of results with traditional speciation methods and no cross-reactivity to non-target species show burkdiff is a robus ... | 2010 | 21103048 |
| nod1 and nod2 regulation of pulmonary innate immunity to legionella pneumophila. | the role of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-1 (nod1) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-2 (nod2), cytoplasmic receptors which detect bacterial cell wall molecules, in pulmonary innate immune responses is poorly understood. we determined that both nod1 and nod2 detect heat-killed legionella and stimulate nf-κb and ifn-β promoter activity using an in vitro luciferase reporter system. we next infected nod1- and nod2-deficient animals with aerosolized legionella pneumophila. at ... | 2010 | 21108472 |
| [sinusitis is common in small children]. | children have air-filled paranasal sinuses from birth. acute sinusitis is common in early childhood and complicates 5-13% of common colds. bacteriology comprises 30% streptococcus pneumoniae, 20% haemophilus influenzae, 20% moraxella catarrhalis. while suppurative complications are rare, there has been an increasing focus on comorbidity affecting the lower airways (asthma). the diagnosis is based on clinical criteria developed through microbiological studies. antibiotic treatment is controversia ... | 2010 | 21118660 |