Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| benzo(a)pyrene metabolism and erod and gst biotransformation activity in the liver of red- and white-blooded antarctic fish. | climate change and anthropogenic pollution are of increasing concern in remote areas such as antarctica. the evolutionary adaptation of antarctic notothenioid fish to the cold and stable southern ocean led to a low plasticity of their physiological functions, what may limit their capacity to deal with altered temperature regimes and pollution in the antarctic environment. using a biochemical approach, we aimed to assess the hepatic biotransformation capacities of antarctic fish species by determ ... | 2015 | 25965896 |
| selenium supplementation in fish: a combined chemical and biomolecular study to understand sel-plex assimilation and impact on selenoproteome expression in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | selenium (se) is an essential oligonutrient, as a component of several se-containing proteins (selenoproteins), which exert important biological functions within an organism. in livestock, se-enriched products have been proposed as dietary supplements to be included into functional feeds for animal preventive health care. to this end, it is important to understand the optimal range of concentrations for supplementation and how long it takes to be assimilated into the organism. | 2015 | 25978314 |
| influence of the forms and levels of dietary selenium on antioxidant status and oxidative stress-related parameters in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) fry. | se is an essential micronutrient required for normal growth, development and antioxidant defence. the objective of the present study was to assess the impact of dietary se sources and levels on the antioxidant status of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) fry. first-feeding fry (initial body weight: 91 mg) were fed either a plant- or fishmeal-based diet containing 0·5 or 1·2 mg se/kg diet supplemented or not with 0·3 mg se/kg diet supplied as se-enriched yeast or sodium selenite for 12 weeks at ... | 2015 | 25990817 |
| effect of dietary aloe vera on growth and lipid peroxidation indices in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | aloe vera has been used worldwide in pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries due to the plethora of biological activities of its constituents. this study was done to evaluate the effects of dietary aloe vera on growth and lipid peroxidation in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). a total number of 480 o. mykiss (mean weight 9.50 ± 0.85 g) were randomized into four experimental groups including one control and three experimental groups that aloe vera was incorporated in their diet at 0.5, 1. ... | 2015 | 25992253 |
| isolation of a novel aquatic birnavirus from rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss in australia. | in november 2010, a rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) hatchery in victoria reported increased mortality rates in diploid and triploid female fingerlings. live and moribund fish were submitted for laboratory investigation. all fish showed hyperpigmentation of the cranial half of the body. histological lesions were seen in all areas of skin examined despite the localised nature of the gross lesions. there was irregular hyperplasia and spongiosis, alternating with areas of thinning and architectu ... | 2015 | 25993886 |
| evidence for the presence of glucosensor mechanisms not dependent on glucokinase in hypothalamus and hindbrain of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | we hypothesize that glucosensor mechanisms other than that mediated by glucokinase (gk) operate in hypothalamus and hindbrain of the carnivorous fish species rainbow trout and stress affected them. therefore, we evaluated in these areas changes in parameters which could be related to putative glucosensor mechanisms based on liver x receptor (lxr), mitochondrial activity, sweet taste receptor, and sodium/glucose co-transporter 1 (sglt-1) 6 h after intraperitoneal injection of 5 ml x kg(-1) of sal ... | 2015 | 25996158 |
| steelhead trout oncorhynchus mykiss metabolic rate is affected by dietary aloe vera inclusion but not by mounting an immune response against formalin-killed aeromonas salmonicida. | the oxygen consumption (mo2) of two groups of 10° c acclimated steelhead trout oncorhynchus mykiss was measured for 72 h after they were given a 100 µl kg(-1) intraperitoneal injection of formalin-killed aeromonas salmonicida (asal) or phosphate-buffered saline (pbs). in addition, plasma cortisol levels were measured in fish from both groups prior to, and 1 and 3 h after, they were given a 30 s net stress. the first group was fed an unaltered commercial diet for 4 weeks, whereas the second group ... | 2015 | 26010230 |
| rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) resistance to columnaris disease is heritable and favorably correlated with bacterial cold water disease resistance. | columnaris disease (cd), caused by flavobacterium columnare, is an emerging disease affecting rainbow trout aquaculture. objectives of this study were to 1) estimate heritability of cd resistance in a rainbow trout line (ars-fp-r) previously selected 4 generations for improved bacterial cold water disease (bcwd) resistance; 2) estimate genetic correlations among cd resistance, bcwd resistance, and growth to market bw; and 3) compare cd resistance among the ars-fp-r, ars-fp-s (selected 1 generati ... | 2015 | 26020176 |
| recombinant interleukin-1β dilates steelhead trout coronary microvessels: effect of temperature and role of the endothelium, nitric oxide and prostaglandins. | interleukin (il)-1β is associated with hypotension and cardiovascular collapse in mammals during heat stroke, and the mrna expression of this pro-inflammatory cytokine increases dramatically in the blood of atlantic cod (gadus morhua) at high temperatures. these data suggest that release of il-1β at high temperatures negatively impacts fish cardiovascular function and could be a primary determinant of upper thermal tolerance in this taxa. thus, we measured the concentration-dependent response of ... | 2015 | 26026045 |
| ionoregulatory aspects of the osmorespiratory compromise during acute environmental hypoxia in 12 tropical and temperate teleosts. | in the traditional osmorespiratory compromise, as seen in the hypoxia-intolerant freshwater rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), the branchial modifications that occur to improve o2 uptake during hypoxia result in unfavorable increases in the fluxes of ions and water. however, at least one hypoxia-tolerant freshwater species, the amazonian oscar (astronotus ocellatus), shows exactly the opposite: decreased branchial flux rates of ions, water, and nitrogenous wastes during acute hypoxia. in order ... | 2015 | 26052633 |
| an oral dna vaccine against infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) encapsulated in alginate microspheres induces dose-dependent immune responses and significant protection in rainbow trout (oncorrhynchus mykiss). | administered by intramuscular injection, a dna vaccine (pirf1a-g) containing the promoter regions upstream of the rainbow trout interferon regulatory factor 1a gene (irf1a) driven the expression of the infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) glycoprotein (g) elicited protective immune responses in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). however, less laborious and cost-effective routes of dna vaccine delivery are required to vaccinate large numbers of susceptible farmed fish. in this study, ... | 2015 | 26054788 |
| effect of a phytogenic feed additive on the susceptibility of onchorhynchus mykiss to aeromonas salmonicida. | in recent years, feed additives have increasingly been adopted by the aquaculture industry. these supplements not only offer an alternative to antibiotics but have also been linked to enhanced growth performance. however, the literature is still limited and provides contradictory information on their effectiveness. this is mainly due to the wide variety of available products and their complex mechanisms of action. phytogenic feed additives have been shown to have antimicrobial effects and can im ... | 2015 | 26119300 |
| a comparative analysis on the in vivo toxicity of copper nanoparticles in three species of freshwater fish. | copper nanoparticles (cunps) are used extensively in a wide range of products and the potential for toxicological impacts in the aquatic environment is of high concern. in this study, the fate and the acute toxicity of spherical 50nm copper nanoparticles was assessed in juvenile rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), fathead minnow (pimephales promelas) and zebrafish (danio rerio) for in vivo aqueous exposures following standardized oecd 203 guideline tests. the fate of the cunps in the aqueous me ... | 2015 | 26121603 |
| histopathological findings in farmed rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) naturally infected with 3 different aeromonas species. | this study describes the macroscopic and microscopic lesions in farmed rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) naturally infected with genetically identified aeromonas salmonicida, a. hydrophila, and a. veronii species. the genus aeromonas includes bacteria that naturally inhabit both waterways and organisms. at least 27 aeromonas species have been identified to date, some of which can cause significant economic losses in aquaculture. as up to 68.8% of aeromonas isolates may be misidentified in rout ... | 2015 | 26130859 |
| identification of barramundi (lates calcarifer) dc-script, a specific molecular marker for dendritic cells in fish. | antigen presentation is a critical step bridging innate immune recognition and specific immune memory. in mammals, the process is orchestrated by dendritic cells (dcs) in the lymphatic system, which initiate clonal proliferation of antigen-specific lymphocytes. however, fish lack a classical lymphatic system and there are currently no cellular markers for dcs in fish, thus antigen-presentation in fish is poorly understood. recently, antigen-presenting cells similar in structure and function to m ... | 2015 | 26173015 |
| first description of a new disease in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum)) similar to heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (hsmi) and detection of a gene sequence related to piscine orthoreovirus (prv). | in fall 2013, anorexia, lethargy and mortalities up to 10-12,000 dead fish per week were observed in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss in three fresh water hatcheries (salinity 0-1 ‰) on the west coast of norway. the fish (25-100 g) showed signs of circulatory failure with haemorrhages, ascites and anaemia. the histopathological findings comprised inflammation of the heart and red muscle and liver necrosis. the affected fish had a common origin. disease and mortalities were also observed up to f ... | 2015 | 26176955 |
| cross-species comparison of relative potencies and relative sensitivities of fishes to dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and polychlorinated biphenyls in vitro. | dioxin-like compounds of varying toxicities are found in complex mixtures. the toxic equivalency factor (tef) approach was developed based on the potency of a dioxin-like compound relative to the potency of 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) to streamline risk assessment. one limitation of the tef approach is uncertainty regarding differences in the relative potency of dioxin-like compounds among different species. relative potencies among fishes are limited, relative to relative potenc ... | 2016 | 26202062 |
| comparison of quantitative pcr and elisa for detection and quantification of flavobacterium psychrophilum in salmonid broodstock. | a quantitative pcr (qpcr) assay was developed for flavobacterium psychrophilum, the causative agent of bacterial coldwater disease. the assay was targeted to fp1493 as it encodes a putative outer membrane protein (fp1493) that is reactive to the monoclonal antibody (mab fl43) used in a standardized f. psychrophilum capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the qpcr was specific to f. psychrophilum and was able to detect between 8 and 809000 copies of fp1493. to determine if antigen leve ... | 2015 | 26203885 |
| two virus-induced micrornas known only from teleost fishes are orthologues of micrornas involved in cell cycle control in humans. | micrornas (mirnas) are ~22 base pair-long non-coding rnas which regulate gene expression in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells by binding to specific target regions in mrnas to mediate transcriptional blocking or mrna cleavage. through their fundamental roles in cellular pathways, gene regulation mediated by mirnas has been shown to be involved in almost all biological phenomena, including development, metabolism, cell cycle, tumor formation, and host-pathogen interactions. to address the latter ... | 2015 | 26207374 |
| length-dependent innate antiviral effects of double-stranded rna in the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) cell line, rtg-2. | effectively all viruses produce long dsrna during their replicative cycle. in mammals long dsrna molecules induce a robust response through the production of type 1 interferon, interferon-stimulated genes (isgs) and an antiviral state. this response is less well understood in fish. we investigated the ability of a rainbow trout cell line, rtg-2, to respond to two different lengths of in vitro transcribed dsrna (200 bp and 1264 bp) based on the viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus genomic sequence, ... | 2015 | 26208750 |
| topographical mapping of the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) microbiome reveals a diverse bacterial community with antifungal properties in the skin. | the mucosal surfaces of wild and farmed aquatic vertebrates face the threat of many aquatic pathogens, including fungi. these surfaces are colonized by diverse symbiotic bacterial communities that may contribute to fight infection. whereas the gut microbiome of teleosts has been extensively studied using pyrosequencing, this tool has rarely been employed to study the compositions of the bacterial communities present on other teleost mucosal surfaces. here we provide a topographical map of the mu ... | 2015 | 26209676 |
| aeromonas salmonicida infection only moderately regulates expression of factors contributing to toll-like receptor signaling but massively activates the cellular and humoral branches of innate immunity in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | toll-like receptors (tlrs) are known to detect a defined spectrum of microbial structures. however, the knowledge about the specificity of teleost tlr factors for distinct pathogens is limited so far. we measured baseline expression profiles of 18 tlr genes and associated signaling factors in four immune-relevant tissues of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. intraperitoneal injection of a lethal dose of aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida induced highly increased levels of cytokine mrnas du ... | 2015 | 26266270 |
| identification and expression modulation of a c-type lectin domain family 4 homologue that is highly expressed in monocytes/macrophages in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | the c-type lectin domain containing (clec) receptors including cd209 are expressed in vivo by monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells and by in vitro generated monocyte-derived cells. this paper reports the cloning and sequencing of a lectin molecule, clec4t1, in rainbow trout that is a homologue of the clec4 family. the expression pattern of the clec4t1 was investigated in vivo after infection with a bacterial pathogen and in cultured macrophages after modulation with microb ... | 2016 | 26279216 |
| the impact of egg ozonation on hatching success, larval growth, and survival of atlantic cod, atlantic salmon, and rainbow trout. | the direct exposure of fish eggs to ozonated water has generated interest as a means of ensuring pathogen-free eggs without the use of harsh chemicals. however, there are numerous knowledge gaps, including safe contact times, exposure levels, and potential long-term effects on aquaculture species in both freshwater and seawater. the effect of different ozone (o3) doses (0.5-1.0, 1.5-2.0, and 2.5-3.0 mg of o3/l for 90 s) on recently fertilized eggs of atlantic cod gadus morhua and eyed eggs of at ... | 2015 | 26306334 |
| nisin z production by lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris wa2-67 of aquatic origin as a defense mechanism to protect rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum) against lactococcus garvieae. | probiotics represent an alternative to chemotherapy and vaccination to control fish diseases, including lactococcosis caused by lactococcus garvieae. the aims of this study were (i) to determine the in vitro probiotic properties of three bacteriocinogenic lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris of aquatic origin, (ii) to evaluate in vivo the ability of l. cremoris wa2-67 to protect rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum) against infection by l. garvieae, and (iii) to demonstrate the role of nisi ... | 2015 | 26307018 |
| the use of phage fcl-2 as an alternative to chemotherapy against columnaris disease in aquaculture. | flavobacterium columnare, the causative agent of columnaris disease in fish, causes millions of dollars of losses in the us channel catfish industry alone, not to mention aquaculture industry worldwide. novel methods are needed for the control and treatment of bacterial diseases in aquaculture to replace traditionally used chemotherapies. a potential solution could be the use of phages, i.e., bacterial viruses, host-specific and self-enriching particles that can be can easily distributed via wat ... | 2015 | 26347722 |
| acute toxicity assessment of reactive red 120 to certain aquatic organisms. | laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the acute toxicity of a widely used textile dye namely reactive red 120 (rr 120) on certain aquatic species such as pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (green alga), lemna gibba (duck weed), daphnia magna (water flea) and oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout). all experiments were performed as per the oecd guidelines for testing of chemicals. the toxicity end points of ec50, lc50, noec and loec for rr 120 were determined with 95% confidence limits usin ... | 2015 | 26350898 |
| a synthetic peptide derived from the d1 domain of flagellin induced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in fish macrophages. | flagellin is the main protein component of flagellum in gram negative and positive bacteria, and it is also the ligand that activates the toll-like receptor 5 (tlr5) in fish and mammals. in higher vertebrates, flagellin induces the activation of the membrane-bound tlr5 (tlr5m), which promotes the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and other immunological functions. we have previously reported that recombinant flagellin from vibrio anguillarum and its nd1 domain are able to u ... | 2015 | 26363237 |
| assessing variability in chemical acute toxicity of unionid mussels: influence of intra- and interlaboratory testing, life stage, and species. | the authors developed a toxicity database for unionid mussels to examine the extent of intra- and interlaboratory variability in acute toxicity tests with mussel larvae (glochidia) and juveniles; the extent of differential sensitivity of the 2 life stages; and the variation in sensitivity among commonly tested mussels (lampsilis siliquoidea, utterbackia imbecillis, and villosa iris), commonly tested cladocerans (daphnia magna and ceriodaphnia dubia), and fish (oncorhynchus mykiss, pimephales pro ... | 2016 | 26369904 |
| potential mechanisms of attenuation for rifampicin-passaged strains of flavobacterium psychrophilum. | flavobacterium psychrophilum is the etiologic agent of bacterial coldwater disease in salmonids. earlier research showed that a rifampicin-passaged strain of f. psychrophilum (csf 259-93b.17) caused no disease in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum) while inducing a protective immune response against challenge with the virulent csf 259-93 strain. we hypothesized that rifampicin passage leads to an accumulation of genomic mutations that, by chance, reduce virulence. to assess the pattern ... | 2015 | 26377311 |
| the influence of infective dose on the virulence of a generalist pathogen in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and zebra fish (danio rerio). | pathogen density and genetic diversity fluctuate in the outside-host environment during and between epidemics, affecting disease emergence and the severity and probability of infections. although the importance of these factors for pathogen virulence and infection probability has been acknowledged, their interactive effects are not well understood. we studied how an infective dose in an environmentally transmitted opportunistic fish pathogen, flavobacterium columnare, affects its virulence both ... | 2015 | 26421435 |
| ecotoxicological analysis during the removal of carbofuran in fungal bioaugmented matrices. | biomixtures are used for the removal of pesticides from agricultural wastewater. as biomixtures employ high content of lignocellulosic substrates, their bioaugmentation with ligninolytic fungi represents a novel approach for their enhancement. nonetheless, the decrease in the concentration of the pesticide may result in sublethal concentrations that still affect ecosystems. two matrices, a microcosm of rice husk (lignocellulosic substrate) bioaugmented with the fungus trametes versicolor and a b ... | 2016 | 26421626 |
| investigation of mucus obtained from different fish species on the acute pain induced with scalpel incision in paw of rats. | no comparative study could be found for the analgesic activity of mucuses from the oncorhynchus mykiss (om), salvelinus fontinalis (sf), salmo coruhensis (sc), acipenser gueldenstaedtii (ag), and acipenser baerii (ab) fish species in the literature. we aimed to investigate the effects of mucuses obtained from the abovementioned fish species on scalpel incision-induced pain in the rat paw and to examine the role of oxidant/antioxidant parameters and cox-2 gene expression in the analgesic activiti ... | 2016 | 26490740 |
| effects of adjuvant montanide™ isa 763 a vg in rainbow trout injection vaccinated against yersinia ruckeri. | enteric redmouth disease (erm) caused by the fish pathogen yersinia ruckeri is a major threat to freshwater production of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) throughout all life stages. injection vaccination of rainbow trout against y. ruckeri infection has been shown to confer better protection compared to the traditionally applied immersion vaccination. it may be hypothesized, based on experience from other vaccines, that adjuvants may increase the protective level of erm injection vaccines ev ... | 2015 | 26492991 |
| analysis of yersinia ruckeri strains isolated from trout farms in northwest germany. | enteric redmouth disease (erm), caused by yersinia ruckeri, is among the most important infectious diseases in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss aquaculture in europe. our aim was to analyse the persistence of y. ruckeri strains in trout farms in northwest germany and their dissemination between farms based on a detailed molecular and phenotypical characterisation scheme. the data on identification and characterisation of y. ruckeri strains and examining the distribution of these strains in the ... | 2015 | 26503779 |
| high concentration of red clay as an alternative for antibiotics in aquaculture. | the use of antibiotics in aquaculture raises environmental and food safety concerns because chronic exposure of an aquatic ecosystem to antibiotics can result in the spread of antibiotic resistance, bioaccumulation of antibiotics in the organisms, and transfer of antibiotics to humans. in an attempt to overcome these problems, high-concentration red clay was applied as an alternative antibiotic against the following common fish pathogens: aeromonas salmonicida, vibrio alginolyticus, and streptoc ... | 2016 | 26528535 |
| modelling inhibition of avian aromatase by azole pesticides. | the potential effects of pesticides and their metabolites on the endocrine system are of major concern to wildlife and human health. in this context, the azole pesticides have earned special attention due to their cytochrome p450 aromatase inhibition potential. cytochrome p450 aromatase (cyp19) catalyses the conversion of androstenedione and testosterone into oestrone and oestradiol, respectively. thus, aromatase modulates the oestrogenic balance essential not only for females, but also for male ... | 2015 | 26535448 |
| immunostimulatory effect of salmon prolactin on expression of toll-like receptors in oncorhynchus mykiss infected with piscirickettsia salmonis. | in aquaculture, antibiotics are the traditional treatment used against bacterial infections. however, their use has increasingly come into question given their effects on fish and, possibly, on human health. consequently, there is interest in developing alternative treatments aimed at stimulating the innate immune response of fish, which is the first line of defense against pathogens. in relation to this, the toll-like receptors (tlr) aid in the selective identification of pathogens. the present ... | 2016 | 26537800 |
| increased stocking density causes changes in expression of selected stress- and immune-related genes, humoral innate immune parameters and stress responses of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | the present study investigated the effects of various stocking densities on the health status (stress and immune responses) of rainbow trout (onchorhynchus mykiss). juvenile rainbow trout were acclimated, placed in circular tanks under stocking densities of 10, 40 and 80 kg m(-3) and reared for 30 days. the relative expression of genes involved in stress and immunity such as hsp70, lyzii, tnf-1α, il-1β, il-8 and ifn-γ1 in the head kidney was determined. serum cortisol, acth, total antioxidant ca ... | 2016 | 26549176 |
| mediating water temperature increases due to livestock and global change in high elevation meadow streams of the golden trout wilderness. | rising temperatures due to climate change are pushing the thermal limits of many species, but how climate warming interacts with other anthropogenic disturbances such as land use remains poorly understood. to understand the interactive effects of climate warming and livestock grazing on water temperature in three high elevation meadow streams in the golden trout wilderness, california, we measured riparian vegetation and monitored water temperature in three meadow streams between 2008 and 2013, ... | 2015 | 26565706 |
| teleost chemokines and their receptors. | chemokines are a superfamily of cytokines that appeared about 650 million years ago, at the emergence of vertebrates, and are responsible for regulating cell migration under both inflammatory and physiological conditions. the first teleost chemokine gene was reported in rainbow trout in 1998. since then, numerous chemokine genes have been identified in diverse fish species evidencing the great differences that exist among fish and mammalian chemokines, and within the different fish species, as a ... | 2015 | 26569324 |
| genetic variation underlying resistance to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in a steelhead trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) population. | understanding the mechanisms of host resistance to pathogens will allow insights into the response of wild populations to the emergence of new pathogens. infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) is endemic to the pacific northwest and infectious to pacific salmon and trout (oncorhynchus spp.). emergence of the m genogroup of ihnv in steelhead trout o. mykiss in the coastal streams of washington state, between 2007 and 2011, was geographically heterogeneous. differences in host resistance d ... | 2015 | 26575157 |
| host infection history modifies co-infection success of multiple parasite genotypes. | co-infections by multiple parasite genotypes are common and have important implications for host-parasite ecology and evolution through within-host interactions. typically, these infections take place sequentially, and therefore, the outcome of co-infection may be shaped by host immune responses triggered by previous infections. for example, in vertebrates, specific immune responses play a central role in protection against disease over the course of life, but co-infection research has mostly fo ... | 2016 | 26589834 |
| phylogenetic relationships of iranian infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) based on the glycoprotein gene. | infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv), a member of family rhabdoviridae and genus novirhabdoviridae, causes a highly lethal disease of salmon and trout. in iran ihnv was first detected in 2001 on farms rearing rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). to evaluate the genetic relationships of ihnv from northern and western iran, the sequences of a 651-nt region of the glycoprotein gene were determined for two iranian isolates. these sequences were analyzed to evaluate their genetic relatednes ... | 2016 | 26602428 |
| flavobacterium psychrophilum infections in salmonid broodstock and hatchery-propagated stocks of the great lakes basin. | bacterial coldwater disease (bcwd), caused by flavobacterium psychrophilum, threatens wild and propagated salmonids worldwide and leads to substantial economic losses. in addition to being horizontally transmitted, f. psychrophilum can be passed from infected parents to their progeny, furthering the negative impacts of this pathogen. in michigan, both feral and captive salmonid broodstocks are the gamete sources used in fishery propagation efforts. a 5-year study was initiated to follow the prev ... | 2015 | 26636411 |
| an interlaboratory comparison of nanosilver characterisation and hazard identification: harmonising techniques for high quality data. | within the fp7 eu project nanovalid a consortium of six partners jointly investigated the hazard of silver nanoparticles (agnps) paying special attention to methodical aspects that are important for providing high-quality ecotoxicity data. laboratories were supplied with the same original stock dispersion of agnps. all partners applied a harmonised procedure for storage and preparation of toxicity test suspensions. altogether ten different toxicity assays with a range of environmentally relevant ... | 2016 | 26638016 |
| antigens of aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida specifically induced in vivo in oncorhynchus mykiss. | 2016 | 26661507 | |
| muscle wound healing in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | we followed the progression of healing of deep excisional biopsy punch wounds over the course of 365 days in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) by monitoring visual wound healing and gene expression in the healing muscle at regular intervals (1, 3, 7, 14, 38 and 100 days post-wounding). in addition, we performed muscle texture analysis one year after wound infliction. the selected genes have all previously been investigated in relation to vertebrate wound healing, but only few specifically in f ... | 2016 | 26702558 |
| re-examination of the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) immune response to flagellin: yersinia ruckeri flagellin is a potent activator of acute phase proteins, anti-microbial peptides and pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro. | flagellin is the principal component of bacterial flagellum and a major target of the host immune system. to provide new insights into the role of flagellin in fish immune responses to flagellated microorganisms, a recombinant flagellin from yersinia ruckeri (ryrf) was produced and its bioactivity investigated in the trout macrophage cell line rts-11 and head kidney cells. ryrf is a potent activator of pro-inflammatory cytokines, acute phase proteins, antimicrobial peptides and subunits of the i ... | 2016 | 26719024 |
| rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) muscle satellite cells are targets of salmonid alphavirus infection. | sleeping disease in rainbow trout is characterized by an abnormal swimming behaviour of the fish which stay on their side at the bottom of the tanks. this sign is due to extensive necrosis and atrophy of red skeletal muscle induced by the sleeping disease virus (sdv), also called salmonid alphavirus 2. infections of humans with arthritogenic alphaviruses, such as chikungunya virus (chikv), are global causes of debilitating musculoskeletal diseases. the mechanisms by which the virus causes these ... | 2016 | 26743565 |
| isolation, characterization and virulence potential of tenacibaculum dicentrarchi in salmonid cultures in chile. | in this study, we isolated, identified and characterized isolates of tenacibaculum dicentrarchi in atlantic salmon (salmo salar) farmed in chile for the first time. in 2010 and 2014, mortalities were observed in atlantic salmon (average weight 25-30 and 480-520 g, respectively) at an aquaculture centre in puerto montt, chile. severe tail rots, frayed fins and, in some cases, damaged gills were detected. wet smear analyses of these lesions revealed a high occurrence of gram-negative, filamentous ... | 2016 | 26749435 |
| occurrence and morphogenetic characteristics of gyrodactylus (monogenea: gyrodactylidae) from a rainbow trout farm (lake ladoga, russia). | gyrodactylus parasite infected juveniles on rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum, 1792) from a fish farm in lake ladoga were investigated. the observed cases of infection in fish featured a high prevalence, when almost all of the fish were infected. however, if an outbreak of the monogenean infection is observed in spring, the intensity of the infection may be low, and when the infection occurs in the ice-covered period (late autumn - winter), the number of parasites on the fins of a singl ... | 2016 | 26751886 |
| characterization of infectious dose and lethal dose of two strains of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv). | the ability to infect a host is a key trait of a virus, and differences in infectivity could put one virus at an evolutionary advantage over another. in this study we have quantified the infectivity of two strains of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) that are known to differ in fitness and virulence. by exposing juvenile rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) hosts to a wide range of virus doses, we were able to calculate the infectious dose in terms of id50 values for the two genotype ... | 2016 | 26752429 |
| sublethal concentrations of ichthyotoxic alga prymnesium parvum affect rainbow trout susceptibility to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus. | ichthyotoxic algal blooms are normally considered a threat to maricultured fish only when blooms reach lethal cell concentrations. the degree to which sublethal algal concentrations challenge the health of the fish during blooms is practically unknown. in this study, we analysed whether sublethal concentrations of the ichthyotoxic alga prymnesium parvum affect the susceptibility of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv). during exposure to sublethal alga ... | 2016 | 26758652 |
| first evidence of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) in the netherlands. | in spring 2008, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) was detected for the first time in the netherlands. the virus was isolated from rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), from a put-and-take fishery with angling ponds. ihnv is the causative agent of a serious fish disease, infectious hematopoietic necrosis (ihn). from 2008 to 2011, we diagnosed eight ihnv infections in rainbow trout originating from six put-and-take fisheries (symptomatic and asymptomatic fish), and four ihnv i ... | 2016 | 26763082 |
| yersinia ruckeri lipopolysaccharide is necessary and sufficient for eliciting a protective immune response in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum). | enteric redmouth disease (erm), caused by yersinia ruckeri, has been controlled successfully using immersion-applied bacterin vaccines for several decades. while the host response to vaccination and the mechanism of protection of this vaccine have been elucidated, the bacterial components eliciting protection have remained unclear. here we show that highly purified serotype o1 y. ruckeri lipopolysaccharide (lps) is sufficient to induce a protective response to experimental challenge in rainbow t ... | 2016 | 26766181 |
| an attenuated virus vaccine appears safe to the central nervous system of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) after intranasal delivery. | nasal vaccines are very effective but the olfactory organ provides direct access of antigens to the brain. infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) is known to cause high mortalities in salmonids. the purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety of a live attenuated ihnv nasal (i.n) vaccine in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). in the olfactory organ, the vaccine was detected 1 and 4 days after primary i.n vaccination but not in the intramuscular (i.m) or control groups. in the brain, ... | 2016 | 26772477 |
| fish viruses make dsrna in fish cells: characterization of dsrna production in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) cells infected with viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus, chum salmon reovirus and frog virus 3. | 2016 | 26775727 | |
| isolation and identification of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) from farmed rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) in iran. | viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) is a rhabdovirus that causes one of the most important fish diseases in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) production industry. during the present study from october 2014 to july 2015, the virus causing viral hemorrhagic septicemia (vhs) was isolated and identified in rainbow trout farms from five of sixteen farms experiencing mass mortalities in six provinces of iran with major trout production. cumulative mortalities at vhsv-positive farms ranged from ... | 2016 | 26777311 |
| sequence and expression analysis of interferon regulatory factor 10 (irf10) in three diverse teleost fish reveals its role in antiviral defense. | interferon regulatory factor (irf) 10 was first found in birds and is present in the genome of other tetrapods (but not humans and mice), as well as in teleost fish. the functional role of irf10 in vertebrate immunity is relatively unknown compared to irf1-9. the target of this research was to clone and characterize the irf10 genes in three economically important fish species that will facilitate future evaluation of this molecule in fish innate and adaptive immunity. | 2016 | 26783745 |
| spatial distribution of gyrodactylus salmonis (monogenea) on the body of captive fingerling oncorhynchus mykiss, including attachment within the olfactory chamber. | gyrodactylus salmonis is a common ectoparasite on the fins and body of north american salmonids in fresh water. in this study, the spatial distribution of g. salmonis on 60 captive hatchery-reared rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss , is reported. the highest parasite densities occurred on 5 × 5-mm(2) sections of the dorsal fin followed by the trunk, other fins, and the olfactory chamber, with the lowest densities on the head. the finding of infections within the olfactory chamber of 93% of the f ... | 2016 | 26786588 |
| distribution of t cells in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) skin and responsiveness to viral infection. | although the skin constitutes the first line of defense against waterborne pathogens, there is a great lack of information regarding the skin associated lymphoid tissue (salt) and whether immune components of the skin are homogeneously distributed through the surface of the fish is still unknown. in the current work, we have analyzed the transcription of several immune genes throughout different rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) skin areas. we found that immunoglobulin and chemokine gene trans ... | 2016 | 26808410 |
| first in-depth analysis of the novel th2-type cytokines in salmonid fish reveals distinct patterns of expression and modulation but overlapping bioactivities. | il-4 and il-13 are closely related canonical type-2 cytokines in mammals and have overlapping bioactivities via shared receptors. they are frequently activated together as part of the same immune response and are the signature cytokines produced by t-helper (th)2 cells and type-2 innate lymphoid cells (ilc2), mediating immunity against extracellular pathogens. little is known about the origin of type-2 responses, and whether they were an essential component of the early adaptive immune system th ... | 2016 | 26870894 |
| aquatic hazard, bioaccumulation and screening risk assessment for ammonium 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)-propanoate. | the fluoropolymer manufacturing industry is moving to alternative polymerization processing aid technologies with more favorable toxicological and environmental profiles as part of a commitment to curtail the use of long-chain perfluoroalkyl acids (pfaas). to facilitate the environmental product stewardship assessment and premanufacture notification (pmn) process for a candidate replacement chemical, we conducted acute and chronic aquatic toxicity tests to evaluate the toxicity of ammonium 2,3,3 ... | 2016 | 26874062 |
| comparative analysis of innate immune responses to streptococcus phocae strains in atlantic salmon (salmo salar) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | streptococcus phocae subsp. salmonis is a gram-positive bacterium that causes mortality only in atlantic salmon (salmo salar) farmed in chile, even when this species is co-cultured with rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). this susceptibility could be determined by innate immune response components and their responses to bacterial infection. this fish pathogen shares subspecies status with streptococcus phocae subsp. phocae isolated from seals. the present study compared innate immune system mec ... | 2016 | 26876354 |
| trace elements in farmed fish (cyprinus carpio, ctenopharyngodon idella and oncorhynchus mykiss) from beijing: implication from feed. | concentrations of 30 trace elements, li, v, cr, mn, fe, ni, cu, mo, zn, se, sr, co, al, ti, as, cs, sc, te, ba, ga, pb, sn, cd, sb, ag, tm, ti, be, hg and u in major cultured freshwater fish species (common carp-cyprinus carpio, grass carp-ctenopharyngodon idella and rainbow trout-oncorhynchus mykiss) with the corresponding feed from 23 fish farms in beijing, china, were investigated. the results revealed that fe, zn, cu, mn, sr, se were the major accumulated essential elements and al, ti were t ... | 2016 | 26892032 |
| case report: strawberry disease in farmed chilean rainbow trout. | strawberry disease is a chronic, nonlethal skin condition that affects rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss in the united states and several european countries, where it is also known as red-mark syndrome. we provide the first identification and characterization of three strawberry disease outbreaks occurring at two aquaculture farms in southern chile. clinically affected fish weighing an average of 400 g presented multiple bright-red, usually raised, skin lesions on the flank, ventral surface, and ... | 2016 | 26913369 |
| phase i metabolism of 3-methylindole, an environmental pollutant, by hepatic microsomes from carp (cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | we studied the in vitro metabolism of 3-methylindole (3mi) in hepatic microsomes from fish. hepatic microsomes from juvenile and adult carp (cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) were included in the study. incubation of 3mi with hepatic microsomes revealed the time-dependent formation of two major metabolites, 3-methyloxindole (3moi) and indole-3-carbinol (i3c). the rate of 3moi production was similar in both species at both ages. no differences in kinetic parameters were obs ... | 2016 | 26915592 |
| distribution of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv) based on surveillance programs in freshwater trout farms of mexico. | diagnostic testing was performed between 2000 and 2012 to determine the distribution of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv) in the main states of the mexican republic with freshwater rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum) farms. this virus was positively identified from rainbow trout farms in seven of the eight states assessed. due to nonnormal data distribution, a logistic regression model was applied for statistical analysis, the results of which indicated that virus prevalence wa ... | 2016 | 26918368 |
| isolation and functional characterisation of a fads2 in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) with δ5 desaturase activity. | rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, are intensively cultured globally. understanding their requirement for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (lc-pufa) and the biochemistry of the enzymes and biosynthetic pathways required for fatty acid synthesis is important and highly relevant in current aquaculture. most gnathostome vertebrates have two fatty acid desaturase (fads) genes with known functions in lc-pufa biosynthesis and termed fads1 and fads2. however, teleost fish have exclusively fads2 ... | 2016 | 26943160 |
| host-derived probiotics enterococcus casseliflavus improves resistance against streptococcus iniae infection in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) via immunomodulation. | the present study evaluated the benefits of dietary administration of host-derived candidate probiotics enterococcus casseliflavus in juvenile rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. experimental diets were prepared by incorporating the microorganisms in the basal feed at 3 inclusion levels (i.e. 10(7) cfu g(-1) of feed [t1], 10(8) cfu g(-1) of feed [t2], 10(9) cfu g(-1) of feed [t3]). the probiotic feeds were administered for 8 weeks, with a group fed with the basal diet serving as control. the effe ... | 2016 | 26997202 |
| genetic diversity of flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates from three oncorhynchus spp. in the united states, as revealed by multilocus sequence typing. | the use of a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) technique has identified the intraspecific genetic diversity of u.s. flavobacterium psychrophilum, an important pathogen of salmonids worldwide. prior to this analysis, little u.s. f. psychrophilum genetic information was known; this is of importance when considering targeted control strategies, including vaccine development. herein, mlst was used to investigate the genetic diversity of 96 f. psychrophilum isolates recovered from rainbow trout (onco ... | 2016 | 27016570 |
| susceptibility of goldsinny wrasse, ctenolabrus rupestris l. (labridae), to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) genotype iii: experimental challenge and pathology. | cleaner fish, such as wrasse, are being increasingly used to combat the sea lice infestation of atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.) in many european countries. to determine susceptibility of the goldsinny wrasse (ctenolabrus rupestris l.) and pathogenesis of the viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) genotype iii isolate 12-654, previously associated with vhsv infection in the shetland islands in 2012, fish were experimentally challenged by intraperitoneal injection (ip), bath immersion and co ... | 2016 | 27016771 |
| silver nanoparticles inhibit fish gill cell proliferation in protein-free culture medium. | while short-term exposures of vertebrate cells, such as from fish, can be performed in defined, serum-free media, long-term cultures generally require addition of growth factors and proteins, normally supplied with a serum supplement. however, proteins are known to alter nanoparticle properties by binding to nanoparticles. therefore, in order to be able to study nanoparticle-cell interactions for extended periods, the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) gill cell line, rtgill-w1, was adapted to ... | 2016 | 27030289 |
| cross talk between growth and immunity: coupling of the igf axis to conserved cytokine pathways in rainbow trout. | although disease and infection is associated with attenuated growth, the molecular pathways involved are poorly characterized. we postulated that the igf axis, a central governor of vertebrate growth, is repressed during infection to promote resource reallocation towards immunity. this hypothesis was tested in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) challenged by aeromonas salmonicida (as), a gram-negative bacterial pathogen, or viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) at hatch, first feeding, and ... | 2016 | 27035654 |
| comparative environmental impact assessment of herbicides used on genetically modified and non-genetically modified herbicide-tolerant canola crops using two risk indicators. | canola (brassica napus l.) is the third largest field crop in australia by area sown. genetically modified (gm) and non-gm canola varieties released or being developed in australia include clearfield® (imidazolinone tolerant), tt (triazine tolerant), invigor® (glufosinate-ammonium tolerant), roundup ready® - rr® (glyphosate tolerant) and hyola® rt® (tolerant to both glyphosate and triazine). we used two risk assessment approaches - the environmental impact quotient (eiq) and the pesticide impact ... | 2016 | 27039064 |
| in vivo virulence of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss correlates inversely with in vitro mx gene expression. | the in vitro replication of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) isolates from each vhsv genotype and the associated cellular host mx gene expression were analysed. all the isolates were able to infect rtg-2 cells and induce increased mx gene expression (generic assay detecting isoforms 1 and 3 [mx1/3]). a trout pathogenic, genotype ia isolate (j167), showing high replication in rtg-2 cells (by infective titre and n gene expression) induced lower mx1/3 gene expression than observed in vhs ... | 2016 | 27066706 |
| characterization of pediococcus acidilactici strains isolated from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) feed and larvae: safety, dna fingerprinting, and bacteriocinogenicity. | the use of lactic acid bacteria (lab) as probiotics constitutes an alternative or complementary strategy to chemotherapy and vaccination for disease control in aquaculture. the objectives of this work were (1) the in vitro safety assessment of 8 pediococcus acidilactici strains isolated from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum) feed and larvae; (2) the evaluation of their genetic relatedness; (3) the study of their antimicrobial/bacteriocin activity against fish pathogens; and (4) the bi ... | 2016 | 27137071 |
| effect of dietary supplementation with zinc enriched yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) on immunity of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | zinc (zn) is an essential trace element in all living organisms, and the first eukaryotic zn uptake transporter was discovered in the yeast, saccharomyces cerevisiae. zinc-enriched yeast is a currently available zn supplement. the purpose of the investigation was to compare and evaluate the effect of zn enriched yeast in rainbow trout. the fish (mean body weight 10 ± 0.5 g) were fed a commercial diet supplemented with 0 (control), 1 × 10(6), 1 × 10(7) and 1 × 10(8) cfu/g of zn-enriched yeast for ... | 2015 | 27175189 |
| protective effects of the prebiotic on the immunological indicators of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) infected with aeromonas hydrophila. | the aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of dietary administration of commercial prebiotic, immunogen, on immunological indicators, enzymatic responses and stress tolerance in juvenile (81.65 ± 1.49) rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) following aeromonas hydrophila infection. the first group of fish was fed with the diet containing 2 g kg(-1) immunogen whilst the control group received the diet free of immunogen. there were three replicates per group. after 6 weeks feedin ... | 2016 | 27184111 |
| high nutrient concentration can induce virulence factor expression and cause higher virulence in an environmentally transmitted pathogen. | environmentally transmitted opportunistic pathogens shuttle between two substantially different environments: outside-host and within-host habitats. these environments differ from each other especially with respect to nutrient availability. consequently, the pathogens are required to regulate their behavior in response to environmental cues in order to survive, but how nutrients control the virulence in opportunistic pathogens is still poorly understood. in this study, we examined how nutrient l ... | 2016 | 27193154 |
| infected donor biomass and active feeding increase waterborne transmission of ichthyophonus sp. to rainbow trout sentinels. | the precise nature of ichthyophonus sp. transmission among wild fishes has eluded description for over a century. transmission among piscivores is direct, via ingestion of infected prey, but there is also evidence for waterborne transmission between infected and uninfected individuals. transmission among planktivores is believed to be via a waterborne infectious cell, but definitive proof of this mechanism has not been forthcoming. to explore possible mechanisms of transmission we used rainbow t ... | 2016 | 27195430 |
| environmental indicators in effluent assessment of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) reared in raceway system through phosphorus and nitrogen. | the phosphorus and nitrogen discharge via effluent of intensive trout farming system was quantified through the use of environmental indicators. the nutrient loads, the mass balance, the estimated amount of nutrients in feed and the amount of nutrients converted in fish biomass were calculated based on the concentrations of phosphorus (p) and nitrogen (n) in the feed and in the water. of the offered feed, 24.75 kg were available as p and 99.00 kg as n, of these, 9.32 kg p (38%) and 29.12 kg n (2 ... | 2017 | 27224731 |
| susceptibility of australian redfin perch perca fluviatilis experimentally challenged with epizootic hematopoietic necrosis virus (ehnv). | the ranavirus epizootic hematopoietic necrosis virus (ehnv) is endemic to australia and is listed by the office international des epizooties. clinical outbreaks have only been observed in wild populations of redfin perch perca fluviatilis (also known as eurasian perch) and farmed populations of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. the initial outbreaks of ehnv describe all age-classes of redfin perch as being susceptible and can lead to epidemic fish kills. subsequently, experimental challenge stu ... | 2016 | 27229663 |
| hemato - immunological and biochemical parameters, skin antibacterial activity, and survival in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) following the diet supplemented with mentha piperita against yersinia ruckeri. | this study was aimed to assess the potential effects of mentha piperita on the hemato - immunological and biochemical parameters, skin antibacterial activity and protection against yersinia ruckeri infection in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. fish were divided into 4 groups before being fed diets supplemented with 0, 1, 2 and 3% of mentha piperita (mp) plant extract for 8 weeks. dose-dependent increases immune (both in skin mucus and blood serum) and hematological parameters (number of red an ... | 2016 | 27245867 |
| expression and antimicrobial activity of c-type lysozyme in taimen (hucho taimen, pallas). | lysozymes are important defense proteins of the innate immune system and possess high antibacterial activities. in the present study, a full-length c-type lysozyme cdna (htlysc) was cloned and characterized from taimen (hucho taimen, pallas). the cdna contains an open reading frame (orf) of 432 bp encoding 143 amino acid (aa), with 97% identity to lysc of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). the amino acid sequence possessed a lyz1 domain (16-140 aa) which contained two conserved residues (glu 5 ... | 2016 | 27267655 |
| epidemiological characteristics of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv): a review. | infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv, rhabdoviridae), is the causative agent of infectious hematopoietic necrosis (ihn), a disease notifiable to the world organisation for animal health, and various countries and trading areas (including the european union). ihnv is an economically important pathogen causing clinical disease and mortalities in a wide variety of salmonid species, including the main salmonid species produced in aquaculture, atlantic salmon (salmo salar) and rainbow trout ... | 2016 | 27287024 |
| first description of clinical presentation of piscine orthoreovirus (prv) infections in salmonid aquaculture in chile and identification of a second genotype (genotype ii) of prv. | heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (hsmi) is an emerging disease of marine-farmed atlantic salmon salmo salar, first recognized in 1999 in norway, and recently associated with piscine orthoreovirus (prv) infection. to date, hsmi lesions with presence of prv have only been described in marine-farmed atlantic salmon in norway. a new hsmi-like disease in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss associated with a prv-related virus has also been reported in norway. | 2016 | 27296722 |
| survival behaviour and virulence of the fish pathogen vibrio ordalii in seawater microcosms. | vibrio ordalii, the causative agent of atypical vibriosis, is a gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped bacterium that severely affects the salmonid aquaculture industry. v. ordalii has been biochemically, antigenically and genetically characterized. however, studies on the survival behaviour of this bacterium in aquatic environments are scarce, and there is no information regarding its disease transmission and infectious abilities outside of the fish host or regarding water as a possible reservoir. t ... | 2016 | 27304868 |
| antimicrobial peptide cap18 and its effect on yersinia ruckeri infections in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum): comparing administration by injection and oral routes. | the antimicrobial peptide cap18 has been demonstrated to have a strong in vitro bactericidal effect on yersinia ruckeri, but its activity in vivo has not been described. in this work, we investigated whether cap18 protects rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum) against enteric red mouth disease caused by this pathogen either following i.p. injection or by oral administration (in feed). it was found that injection of cap18 into juvenile rainbow trout before exposure to y. ruckeri was associa ... | 2017 | 27334068 |
| puffy skin disease is an emerging transmissible condition in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss walbaum. | the transmission of puffy skin disease (psd) to rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss walbaum was tested in the laboratory by conducting co-habitation challenges with puffy skin (ps)-affected fish (trojans) collected from the field. two separate challenges were conducted using trojans sourced from two different sites and diploid (first trial) or triploid (second trial) naïve fish. psd-specific clinical signs were observed in both groups of naïve fish, with 66% of the fish sampled during the challeng ... | 2016 | 27391648 |
| potassium ions in extender differentially influence the post-thaw sperm motility of salmonid fish. | potassium ions are known to have an inhibitory effect on the sperm motility of salmonids. for this reason, the addition of k(+) to the extender is frequently applied. however, the effect of the addition of k(+) to the extender has not yet been tested. the aim of this study was to test the influence of potassium ion supplementation of the extender on the sperm motility parameters from five salmonidae species (rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), sex-reversed female rainbow trout, whitefish (coreg ... | 2016 | 27404573 |
| yersinia ruckeri isolates recovered from diseased atlantic salmon (salmo salar) in scotland are more diverse than those from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and represent distinct subpopulations. | yersinia ruckeri is the etiological agent of enteric redmouth (erm) disease of farmed salmonids. enteric redmouth disease is traditionally associated with rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum), but its incidence in atlantic salmon (salmo salar) is increasing. yersinia ruckeri isolates recovered from diseased atlantic salmon have been poorly characterized, and very little is known about the relationship of the isolates associated with these two species. phenotypic approaches were used to c ... | 2016 | 27451448 |
| genomic organization, expression and antimicrobial activity of a hepcidin from taimen (hucho taimen, pallas). | hepcidin, an antimicrobial peptide, plays a crucial role in innate immune system of teleost fish. as a cysteine-rich peptide, hepcidin possesses a dual function including iron regulation and innate immunity. in the present study, a full-length hepcidin cdna (hthep) was cloned and characterized by rt-pcr and race techniques from taimen (hucho taimen, pallas), which is a type of rare, precious and cold-water fish species in china. the cdna contains an open reading frame (orf) of 267 bp encoding 88 ... | 2016 | 27452973 |
| handling and storage procedures have variable effects on fatty acid content in fishes with different lipid quantities. | it is commonly assumed that the most accurate data on fatty acid (fa) contents are obtained when samples are analyzed immediately after collection. for logistical reasons, however, this is not always feasible and samples are often kept on ice or frozen at various temperatures and for diverse time periods. we quantified temporal changes of selected fa (μg fame per mg tissue dry weight) from 6 fish species subjected to 2 handling and 3 storage methods and compared them to fa contents from muscle t ... | 2016 | 27479304 |
| towards the development of a sustainable soya bean-based feedstock for aquaculture. | soya bean (glycine max (l.) merr.) is sought after for both its oil and protein components. genetic approaches to add value to either component are ongoing efforts in soya bean breeding and molecular biology programmes. the former is the primary vegetable oil consumed in the world. hence, its primary usage is in direct human consumption. as a means to increase its utility in feed applications, thereby expanding the market of soya bean coproducts, we investigated the simultaneous displacement of ... | 2017 | 27496594 |
| comparative analyses within gyrodactylus (platyhelminthes: monogenea) mitochondrial genomes and conserved polymerase chain reaction primers for gyrodactylid mitochondrial dna. | in this study, we describe the complete mitochondrial genomes of gyrodactylus brachymystacis and gyrodactylus parvae infecting rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and the invasive topmouth gudgeon (pseudorasbora parva), respectively. the two circular genomes have a common genome organization found in other gyrodactylus species. comparative analyses of mitochondrial genomes from six gyrodactylus species were carried out to determine base composition, codon usage, transfer rna and ribosomal rna ge ... | 2017 | 27502106 |
| virulence of flavobacterium columnare genomovars in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. | flavobacterium columnare is the causative agent of columnaris disease and is responsible for significant economic losses in aquaculture. f. columnare is a gram-negative bacterium, and 5 genetic types or genomovars have been described based on restriction fragment length polymorphism of the 16s rrna gene. previous research has suggested that genomovar ii isolates are more virulent than genomovar i isolates to multiple species of fish, including rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. in addition, impr ... | 2016 | 27503917 |
| infections with gyrodactylus spp. (monogenea) in romanian fish farms: gyrodactylus salaris malmberg, 1957 extends its range. | the salmon parasite gyrodactylus salaris malmberg, 1957 has caused high mortalities in many atlantic salmon, salmo salar, populations, mainly in norway. the parasite is also present in several countries across mainland europe, principally on rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, where infections do not seem to result in mortalities. there are still european countries where there are potential salmonid hosts for g. salaris but where the occurrence of g. salaris is unknown, mainly due to lack of inv ... | 2016 | 27515781 |
| innate immune and growth promoting responses to caper (capparis spinosa) extract in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | cytokine responses, non-specific immune activity and growth promotion effect of dietary caper (capparis spinosa) supplementation were examined in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). rainbow trout (12.04 ± 0.71 g) were fed diets containing three doses of caper methanolic extract [0 (control), 0.1 and 0.5 g kg(-1) of feed] for 30 days. at the end of the feeding trial, expression levels of cytokine genes that included il-1β, il-8, tgf-β, il-12p40, tnf-α1 and il-10 in head kidney was analyzed using ... | 2016 | 27546553 |