Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| cloning and characterization of two clusterin isoforms in rainbow trout. | clusterin is a broadly distributed glycoprotein constitutively expressed by various tissues and cell types and has been shown to be associated with several physiological and pathological functions. in order to study the molecular evolution of clusterin, here we report the cloning and characterization of two clusterin genes in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). the deduced amino acid sequences of clusterin-1 and a partial clusterin-2 clone are 89% identical to each other, showing 45, 42 and 38% ... | 2008 | 17669495 |
| lack of circadian regulation of in vitro melatonin release from the pineal organ of salmonid teleosts. | in many teleost species, the photoreceptive pineal organ harbors the circadian clock that regulates melatonin release in the pineal organ itself. however, the pineal organ of three salmonids (rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss, masu salmon oncorhynchus masou, and sockeye salmon oncorhynchus nerka) did not exhibit circadian rhythms in melatonin release when maintained under constant darkness (dd) in vitro, suggesting that the pineal organs of all salmonids lack the circadian regulation of melatoni ... | 2007 | 17681505 |
| heterochrony and the development of the escape response: prehatching movements in the rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. | teleost fishes produce coordinated escape responses (c-starts) at hatching. this implies that essential swimming morphologies and motor behaviors develop during the incubation interval while the embryo is in the chorion. we examined prehatching motor behaviors in rainbow trout oncorhycus mykiss (considered morphologically mature at hatching) and compared this species with zebrafish danio rerio (considered morphologically immature) and assessed two hypotheses concerning the development of escape ... | 2007 | 17683078 |
| expression and antiviral activity of a beta-defensin-like peptide identified in the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) est sequences. | the in silico identification of a beta-defensin-like peptide sequence (ombd-1) in the rainbow trout (oncorhynchuss mykiss) database of salmonid est is reported here. we have studied the transcript expression of this beta-defensin-like sequence in different organs and expressed the recombinant peptide in a fish cell line. finally, we have demonstrated the in vitro antiviral activity of the recombinant trout beta-defensin-like peptide against viral haemorrhagic septicaemia rhabdovirus (vhsv), one ... | 2008 | 17692376 |
| acute and subacute toxic effects produced by microcystin-yr on the fish cell lines rtg-2 and plhc-1. | approximately 80 microcystins (mcs) variants have been isolated in surface water worldwide. the toxicity of the most frequently mcs are encountered, mc-lr and mc-rr, has been extensively studied in humans and animals. however, studies dealing with mc-yr toxicity are still scarce. in this work, the toxic effects of mc-yr were investigated in the fish cell line plhc-1, derived from a hepatocellular carcinoma of the topminnow poeciliopsis lucida, and rtg-2 fibroblast-like cells derived from the gon ... | 2007 | 17706912 |
| cross-reactivity of human leukocyte differentiation antigen monoclonal antibodies on carp and rainbow trout cells. | three hundred and seventy-seven monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against human cd antigens and non-classified human leukocyte surface antigens were assayed for their reactivity with common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) peripheral blood leukocytes (pbl) and thymocytes within the animal homologue section of the 8th international workshop on human leukocyte differentiation antigens (hlda8). four of the mabs clearly reacted with rainbow trout pbl and two with ... | 2007 | 17707517 |
| alphavirus infections in salmonids--a review. | the first alphavirus to be isolated from fish was recorded in 1995 with the isolation of salmon pancreas disease virus from atlantic salmon, salmo salar l., in ireland. subsequently, the closely related sleeping disease virus was isolated from rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), in france. more recently norwegian salmonid alphavirus (sav) has been isolated from marine phase production of atlantic salmon and rainbow trout in norway. these three viruses are closely related and are now co ... | 2007 | 17718707 |
| pancreas disease in farmed atlantic salmon, salmo salar l., and rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), in norway. | the present paper describes, for the first time, clinical signs and pathological findings of pancreas disease (pd) in farmed atlantic salmon, salmo salar l., and rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), in sea water in norway. similarities and differences with reports of pd from ireland and scotland are discussed. samples of 68 rainbow trout from disease outbreaks on 14 farms and from 155 atlantic salmon from outbreaks on 20 farms collected from 1996 to 2004 were included in the present stu ... | 2007 | 17718709 |
| toxicity of cobalt-complexed cyanide to oncorhynchus mykiss, daphnia magna, and ceriodaphnia dubia. potentiation by ultraviolet radiation and attenuation by dissolved organic carbon and adaptive uv tolerance. | cobalt cyanide complexes often result when ore is treated with cyanide solutions to extract gold and other metals. these have recently been discovered in low but significant concentrations in effluents from gold leach operations. this study was conducted to determine the potential toxicity of cobalt-cyanide complexes to freshwater organisms and the extent to which ultraviolet radiation (uv) potentiates this toxicity. tests were also conducted to determine if humic acids or if adaptation to uv in ... | 2007 | 17722768 |
| ventilatory and cardiovascular actions of centrally administered trout tachykinins in the unanesthetized trout. | the brains of teleost fish contain members of the tachykinin family that are the products of orthologous genes expressed in mammalian nervous tissues, but little is known regarding the physiological effects of these peptides in their species of origin. the present study compares the central actions of trout neuropeptide gamma (npgamma), substance p (sp) and neurokinin a (nka) (5-250 pmol) on ventilatory and cardiovascular parameters in the unanesthetized rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. intrac ... | 2007 | 17766308 |
| identification of a second group of type i ifns in fish sheds light on ifn evolution in vertebrates. | in this report, three type i ifn genes were identified in rainbow trout (rt) oncorhynchus mykiss and are classified into two groups based on their primary protein sequences: group i containing two cysteine residues; and group ii containing four cysteines residues. the group i rtifns were induced in fibroblasts (rtg-2 cells), macrophages (rts-11 cells), and head kidney leukocytes when stimulated with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, whereas group ii ifn was up-regulated in head kidney leukocytes ... | 2007 | 17785823 |
| sequence analysis of omnramp alpha and quantitative expression of nramp homologues in different trout strains after infection with myxobolus cerebralis. | salmonid whirling disease caused by the metazoan parasite myxobolus cerebralis is an ongoing problem in wild and farmed rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss populations. rainbow trout from different strains vary in susceptibility to the parasite. identification of underlying mechanisms could be a starting point for improved control of the disease. we conducted infection trials using 2 rainbow trout strains and brown trout salmo trutta fario, a species not susceptible to the parasite, to investigate ... | 2007 | 17803108 |
| intestinal ph profile in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss and microhabitat preference of the flagellate spironucleus salmonis (diplomonadida). | in farmed rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss, the flagellate spironucleus salmonis (diplomonadida) is often found in the pyloric region of the intestine. while previous in vitro studies report a ph of 7.5 to 8.0 as optimal for presumed s. salmonis, no previous in vivo studies have investigated the relationship between ph and microhabitat preference. therefore, in 698 rainbow trout (75% were 5 to 6 mo old juveniles, 10 to 20 cm total length), we recorded occurrence and density of s. salmonis, and ... | 2007 | 17803110 |
| gill erod in monitoring of cyp1a inducers in fish: a study in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) caged in stockholm and uppsala waters. | the gill filament 7-ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) assay was evaluated as a monitoring tool for waterborne cytochrome p4501a (cyp1a) inducers using rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) caged in urban area waters in sweden. to compare the cyp1a induction response in different tissues, erod activity was also analyzed in liver and kidney microsomes. immunohistochemistry was used to localize cyp1a protein in gill and kidney. in two separate experiments fish were caged at sites with fairly high e ... | 2007 | 17826851 |
| the development of probiotics for the control of multiple bacterial diseases of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum). | jb-1 and gc2, which were equated with bacillus sp. and aeromonas sobria respectively, were recovered from the digestive tract of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss and ghost carp, cyprinus sp. respectively, and demonstrated effectiveness as probiotics for the control of infections caused by aeromonas salmonicida, lactococcus garvieae, streptococcus iniae, vibrio anguillarum, vibrio ordalii and yersinia ruckeri. when administered to rainbow trout (average weight = 12 g) for 14 days in feed dosed ... | 2007 | 17850573 |
| fish genotype significantly influences susceptibility of juvenile rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), to waterborne infection with infectious salmon anaemia virus. | 2007 | 17850579 | |
| acute toxicity of copper, ammonia, and chlorine to glochidia and juveniles of freshwater mussels (unionidae). | the objective of the present study was to determine acute toxicity of copper, ammonia, or chlorine to larval (glochidia) and juvenile mussels using the recently published american society for testing and materials (astm) standard guide for conducting laboratory toxicity tests with freshwater mussels. toxicity tests were conducted with glochidia (24- to 48-h exposures) and juveniles (96-h exposures) of up to 11 mussel species in reconstituted astm hard water using copper, ammonia, or chlorine as ... | 2007 | 17867873 |
| relationships among growth and different nor phenotypes in a specific stock of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | growth is one of the most important aspects in the genetic improvement of cultured fish species. consequently, genetic parameters related to this feature and their response to selection have been the focus of most research in this area. such research indicates that, in general, there is enough additive genetic variance related to growth, justifying the use of selection. based on the usefulness of cytogenetic and molecular markers in the fish culture, the aim of the present work was to analyze th ... | 2007 | 17876448 |
| ultraviolet b irradiation affects resistance of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) against bacterium yersinia ruckeri and trematode diplostomum spathaceum. | ultraviolet b (uvb) radiation is known to have various effects on the immune system of fish, but the effect on the actual disease resistance has remained largely unknown. here we studied the effect of uvb on the resistance of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) against a bacterium yersinia ruckeri, the causative agent of enteric red mouth disease, and a trematode parasite diplostomum spathaceum, which causes cataracts in fish. the fish were exposed to uvb irradiation seven times in 14 days, and ... | 2007 | 17880522 |
| protein recovery from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) processing byproducts via isoelectric solubilization/precipitation and its gelation properties as affected by functional additives. | solubility of rainbow trout proteins was determined between ph 1.5 and 13.0 and various ionic strengths (is). minimum solubility occurred at ph 5.5; however, when is = 0.2, the minimum solubility shifted toward more acidic ph. isoelectric solubilization/precipitation was applied to trout processing byproducts (fish meat left over on bones, head, skin, etc.), resulting in protein recovery yields (kjeldahl, dry basis) between 77.7% and 89.0%, depending of the ph used for solubilization and precipi ... | 2007 | 17902629 |
| effects of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) on the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) monocyte cell line rts-11. | the effect of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) was studied on the established rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) monocyte/macrophage-like cell line rts11. the virus was not able to complete its replication cycle as infectious viral particles were not released from the cells. however, in rts11, the virus was capable of producing mrna from at least its n and g genes. at the protein level, only n protein was detected 2 days post-infection, whereas a faint band corresponding to the g prote ... | 2008 | 17928055 |
| temperature-dependent expression of immune-relevant genes in rainbow trout following yersinia ruckeri vaccination. | the gene expression of immune-relevant genes in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss following vaccination with a bacterin of yersinia ruckeri, a bacterial pathogen causing enteric red mouth disease (erm), was investigated at 5, 15, and 25 degrees c. rainbow trout were immunized by i.p. injection of a water-based y. ruckeri (serotype o1) bacterin, and gene expression profiles were compared to control groups injected with phosphate buffered saline (pbs). blood and tissue samples (spleen and head kid ... | 2007 | 17933396 |
| development of an effective whole-spore vaccine to protect against microsporidial gill disease in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) by using a low-virulence strain of loma salmonae. | in determining the effective vaccine spore dose of a low-virulence strain of loma salmonae to limit microsporidial gill disease in trout, we found that fish receiving 10(3) to 10(5) killed spores had the best protection against experimental infection, with 85% fewer xenomas in their gills than in the controls. intraperitoneal delivery of the vaccine was effective, and the addition of adjuvant did not improve vaccine performance against this disease-causing microsporidian. | 2007 | 17942613 |
| detection and quantification of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) by sybr green real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. | a real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay using the fluorogenic dye sybr green i was developed for the detection and quantification of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) infecting rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). using primers designed for the ihnv nucleocapsid (n) and surface glycoprotein (g) genes, virus was detected in liver, kidney, spleen, adipose tissue, and pectoral fin samples from fish challenged in the laboratory via either injection or immersion ... | 2008 | 17945355 |
| bacillus subtilis ab1 controls aeromonas infection in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum). | to develop a probiotic with effectiveness against aeromonas sp., which was pathogenic to rainbow trout. | 2007 | 17953580 |
| characterization of glycans in the developmental stages of myxobolus cerebralis (myxozoa), the causative agent of whirling disease. | glycans and sugar-binding molecules (lectins) form an interactive recognition system, which may enable parasitic organisms to adhere to host cells and migrate into target tissues. the aim of the present study was to analyse surface-associated glycans in the developmental stages of myxobolus cerebralis (hofer), the causative agent of whirling disease. a panel of biotin-labelled plant lectins was used to detect a broad spectrum of glycan motifs with high specificity. binding sites were detected hi ... | 2007 | 17958607 |
| proteomic analysis of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum) serum after administration of probiotics in diets. | the response of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum) towards probiotics present in the feed was investigated by examining the proteome of serum as a measure of the acute phase response (apr). proteomic analysis by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2d) concurrently with mass spectrometry was used to detect apr related proteins in rainbow trout serum following feeding with probiotics aeromonas sobria gc2 and bacillus sp. jb-1. three candidate proteins increased following use of gc2, and wer ... | 2008 | 17981340 |
| the vitronectin gene in rainbow trout: cloning, expression and phylogenetic analysis. | vitronectin is a major cell adhesion glycoprotein that is found in plasma and the extracellular matrix. vitronectin consists of an n-terminal somatomedin b domain and two hemopexin-like domains and controls functions including cell adhesion, migration, haemostasis and immune defence. in order to study the molecular evolution of the complement lytic pathway regulation, we have cloned and characterized the vitronectin gene from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). the deduced amino acid sequence o ... | 2008 | 17981477 |
| detection and quantitation of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using lethal and non-lethal tissue sampling. | infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv) is a bisegmented double-stranded rna virus belonging to the family birnaviridae, genus aquabirnavirus, which is a major viral pathogen of salmonid fish. the virus infects wild and cultured salmonids, causing high mortality in juvenile trout and salmon. a highly sensitive and specific real-time rt-pcr assay using the fluorogenic dye sybr((r)) green i was developed for the detection and quantitation of ipnv in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). rainbow ... | 2008 | 17996958 |
| in vivo modulation of the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) immune response by the human alpha defensin 1, hnp1. | recent studies have demonstrated that the synthetic human defensin-alpha1, also designated as human neutrophil peptide 1 (hnp1), not only has in vitro antiviral activity against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv), a fish rhabdovirus, but can also modulate some immune activities of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) head kidney leucocytes. however, none of these hnp1 properties have been analysed in vivo so far. thus, in the current work, we have studied the in vivo immunomodulatory capac ... | 2008 | 18023592 |
| microhabitat selection of gyrodactylus salaris malmberg on different salmonids. | the microhabitat selection of the ectoparasite gyrodactylus salaris (laerdalselva strain, norway) was investigated concurrently with studies on the parasite population growth on five strains of atlantic salmon, salmo salar l., and a strain of danish rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum). the salmon used were hatchery-reared parr of east atlantic strains [river conon (scotland), river storå (western denmark) and river atran (western sweden)] and baltic strains [lule and ume (eastern sweden ... | 2007 | 18034680 |
| effect of high pressure treatment on the quality of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and mahi mahi (coryphaena hippurus). | high pressure processing (hpp) is becoming a promising seafood preservation method. the objective was to investigate the effect of hpp on quality of rainbow trout and mahi mahi during cold storage. skinless fillets treated with different pressures (150, 300, 450, and 600 mpa for 15 min) and stored at 4 degrees c were analyzed at 1, 3, and 6 d storage. red muscle was analyzed for lipid oxidation products by measuring thiobarbituric reactive substances (tbars) and whole muscle was analyzed for tot ... | 2007 | 18034712 |
| amino acid, fatty acid, and mineral profiles of materials recovered from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) processing by-products using isoelectric solubilization/precipitation. | protein, lipid, and insolubles (bones, skin, scales, fins, insoluble protein, and more) were recovered from rainbow trout processing by-products by means of isoelectric solubilization/precipitation at basic ph and acidic ph. isoelectric solubilization/precipitation of the trout processing by-products resulted in the recovery of protein that was higher (p < 0.05) in essential amino acids (eaas), non-eaas, and total eaa/total aa ratio when compared to the processing by-products. basic ph treatment ... | 2007 | 18034715 |
| cadmium chloride-induced disruption of testicular steroidogenesis in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | cadmium (cd) is a known endocrine disruptor with the ability to affect the production of hormones involved in the regulation of reproductive processes. in the present study, the effects of cdcl(2) on unstimulated and stimulated testicular steroidogenesis were examined with the intention of furthering the understanding of the potential site(s) of action in the signaling pathway for 11-kt synthesis in teleosts. in short-term (2-h) exposures, cdcl(2 )stimulated 11-kt production (29% and 28% over co ... | 2008 | 18040592 |
| first evidence of the pore-forming properties of a keratin from skin mucus of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, formerly salmo gairdneri). | the epidermis of fish is covered with a layer of mucus, which contributes to the defence of the species against parasites, bacteria and fungi. we have previously extracted glycoproteins from various mucus samples from fish and have shown that they present pore-forming activities well correlated with strong antibacterial properties [ebran, julien, orange, saglio, lemaitre and molle(2000) biochim. biophys. acta 1467, 271-280]. the present study focuses on the 65 kda glycoprotein, tr65, from the ra ... | 2008 | 18052924 |
| lipid peroxidative stress and antioxidant defence status during ontogeny of rainbow trout ( oncorhynchus mykiss). | the objective of the present study was to characterise some important antioxidant enzymes and their relationships with retinoids and lipid peroxidation during rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) early development. eggs were incubated at 7 degrees c until the swim-up stage whereupon fry were fed two semi-purified diets with 0% (co) and 8% (ox) oxidised lipid respectively for 2 months at 17 degrees c. the activities and gene expression of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat) and glutathione ... | 2008 | 18062828 |
| the biological effects of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) recombinant interleukin-8. | in this report, recombinant interleukin-8 (ril-8) was produced and its activity tested for the first time in fish. the rainbow trout ril-8 was produced in escherichia coli and purified using a 6xhis tag at the n-terminus. the ril-8 induced a dose-dependent migration of head kidney leukocytes at concentrations from 0.1 to 10 ng/ml, with a peak response at 1 ng/ml. trout ril-8 also had a significant effect on superoxide production by head kidney cells, with maximal activity at 0.1 and 1 ng/ml. whe ... | 2008 | 18068225 |
| effects of short-term growth hormone treatment on liver and muscle transcriptomes in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | although studies have established that exogenous growth hormone (gh) treatment stimulates growth in fish, its effects on target tissue gene expression are not well characterized. we assessed the effects of posilac (monsanto, st. louis, mo), a recombinant bovine gh, on tissue transcript levels in rainbow trout selected from two high-growth rate and two low-growth rate families. transcript abundance was measured in liver and muscle with the genome research in atlantic salmon project (grasp) 16k cd ... | 2008 | 18073272 |
| in vitro leukocyte-encapsulation model in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | we developed an in vitro model to study the cellular and molecular mechanisms of granulomatous inflammation in response to invading pathogens. ichthyophonus hoferi was used as a target for encapsulation by cultivated leukocytes from the kidney of the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). the encapsulation process was observed over 1 week. the leukocytes were identified as either macrophages in the inner layer, or neutrophils and lymphocytes in the outer layer. the encapsulation response was inhib ... | 2008 | 18093653 |
| morphologic description of infectious salmon anaemia virus (isav)-induced lesions in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss compared to atlantic salmon salmo salar. | in the present study the pathogenesis of experimental infectious salmon anaemia virus (isav) infection in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum, 1972) and atlantic salmon salmo salar was compared. the virus infection in the 2 species demonstrated different mortality patterns and pathology characteristics. atlantic salmon showed a typical acute mortality pattern peaking at 8 to 16 d post-infection (dpi) depending on virus dose, whereas in rainbow trout, only the highest virus dose (10(7.13-7 ... | 2007 | 18159667 |
| non-specific adsorption of fish immunoglobulin m (igm) to blocking reagents on elisa plate wells. | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) is a popular technique for quantifiable detection of specific antibodies in warm-blooded animals, but it has not been accepted for detection of fish antibodies because of its low reproducibility, which is due in part to high background optical density (od) measurements. in the present study, we report that the high background of a fish antibody-detection elisa resulted from non-specific adsorption of fish immunoglobulin m (igm) to blocking reagents on th ... | 2007 | 18159673 |
| in vitro enhancement by cpg odn of phagocytic activity of rainbow trout head kidney phagocytes against fish pathogen vibrio ordalii, but not against polystyrene particles. | rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) head kidney phagocytes precultured with a synthetic cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (cpg) oligodeoxynucleotide (odn) displayed significantly higher phagocytic activity against vibrio ordalii than phagocytes precultured with non-cpg odn. however, head kidney phagocytes precultured with cpg odn did not show enhanced phagocytic activity against polystyrene particles. | 2007 | 18176027 |
| development of an oral vaccine for immunisation of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) against viral haemorrhagic septicaemia. | in the european union viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (vhs) eradication is still based on stamping out. due to the lack of effective low cost vaccines immune prophylaxis is currently not used to combat vhs. this paper describes a new oral delivery method for immunisation of trout with attenuated virus. the vaccine consists of lyophilised virus surrounded by polyethylene glycol (peg) and was extruded under low temperature. in the stomach of trout, the use of additional neutralising and adsorbing b ... | 2008 | 18191880 |
| surveillance for ceratomyxa shasta in the puget sound watershed, washington. | discovery of fish exhibiting clinical signs of ceratomyxosis in washington state prompted concern over the potential impact of the myxozoan parasite ceratomyxa shasta on native stocks of steelhead oncorhynchus mykiss (anadromous rainbow trout). to investigate these concerns, a survey of 16 freshwater systems within the puget sound watershed, including lake washington, was conducted by sentinel exposure of susceptible fish (cutthroat trout o. clarkii and rainbow trout). fish were exposed for 7 d ... | 2007 | 18201052 |
| treatment of ichthyophthiriasis in rainbow trout and common carp with common and alternative therapeutics. | the goal of this laboratory study was to provide better knowledge about the treatment of ichthyophthiriasis (causative agent: ichthyophthirius multifiliis, a ciliate bacteria) in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss and common carp cyprinus carpio. the following questions were investigated: (1) the effectiveness of different chemicals (formalin, sodium chloride, hydrogen peroxide, perotan, virkon, aquahumin, baycox, and ivomec) and at different concentrations and durations of application, (2) the n ... | 2007 | 18201060 |
| selenium and mercury in native and introduced fish species of patagonian lakes, argentina. | a survey of mercury (hg) and selenium (se) contents was performed in fish collected from lakes located in two national parks of the northern patagonian andean range. two native species, catfish (diplomystes viedmensis) and creole perch (percichthys trucha), and three introduced species, brown trout (salmo trutta), rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), and brook trout (salvelinus fontinalis), were caught from lakes nahuel huapi, moreno, traful, espejo chico, and guillelmo belonging to nahuel huapi ... | 2008 | 18214390 |
| an investigation into the prevalence of renibacterium salmoninarum in farmed rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), and wild fish populations in selected river catchments in england and wales between 1998 and 2000. | a cross-sectional survey of renibacterium salmoninarum infection in farmed rainbow trout (rbt) and wild fish populations was carried out in 10 farms and six river catchments, respectively, in england and wales. the majority of the wild fish were sampled in 1998 and the farmed fish in 2000. grayling, thymallus thymallus, and brown trout, salmo trutta, were the main wild species sampled. two fish, one grayling and one salmon, salmo salar, were r. salmoninarum culture-positive, compared with 40 con ... | 2008 | 18234016 |
| the involvement of aeromonas salmonicida virulence factors in bacterial translocation across the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), intestine. | the pathogenic bacterium aeromonas salmonicida is the causative agent of furunculosis, a lethal disease in salmonids. the mode of lateral transmission has not been conclusively defined, but a. salmonicida is able to translocate across the intestinal epithelium of salmonids, making the intestinal route a probable candidate. this study investigated some of the virulence mechanisms used by the bacteria to promote translocation. intestinal segments were placed in modified ussing chambers to investig ... | 2008 | 18234022 |
| oxidative stress in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to sewage treatment plant effluent. | effluents from sewage treatment plants (stps) can be regarded as "hot spots" of discharge releasing large amounts of chemicals into the aquatic environment. many of these compounds are toxic to organisms due to their ability to form reactive oxygen species (ros) and cause oxidative stress. in order to investigate if stp effluents contain compounds that may cause oxidative stress, rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to effluent from a swedish stp at different dilutions in a flow-thro ... | 2008 | 18234334 |
| use of site occupancy models to estimate prevalence of myxobolus cerebralis infection in trout. | empirical estimates of pathogen prevalence in samples of fish may underestimate true prevalence because available detection techniques are incapable of perfect detection. trout of several species were collected from enzootic (myxobolus cerebralis, causative agent in whirling disease) habitats, and individual fish were examined for presence of the parasite two or six times by one of four methods: pepsin-trypsin digest (brown trout salmo trutta), plankton centrifuge (brown trout), polymerase chain ... | 2007 | 18236627 |
| bath vaccination of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss walbaum) against yersinia ruckeri: effects of temperature on protection and gene expression. | protection of rainbow trout fry following bath vaccination with a bacterin of y. ruckeri o1, the bacterial pathogen causing enteric red mouth disease (erm), was investigated at 5, 15 and 25 degrees c. rainbow trout fry were acclimatised for 8 weeks at the three temperatures before vaccination. they were subsequently challenged with y. ruckeri 4 and 8 weeks post-vaccination which demonstrated a significant protection of vaccinated fish kept at 15 degrees c. no protective effect of vaccination in ... | 2008 | 18237828 |
| suggestive association of major histocompatibility ib genetic markers with resistance to bacterial cold water disease in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | genes within the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) are important for both innate and adaptive immune responses in mammals; however, much less is known regarding their contribution in teleost fishes. we examined the involvement of four major histocompatibility (mh) genomic regions in rainbow trout in resistance to the causative agent of bacterial coldwater disease (bcwd), flavobacterium psychrophilum. fish from the 2005 ncccwa brood-year (71 full-sib families) were challenged with f. psychro ... | 2008 | 18274824 |
| toxicity and metal speciation in acid mine drainage treated by passive bioreactors. | sulfate-reducing passive bioreactors treat acid mine drainage (amd) by increasing its ph and alkalinity and by removing metals as metal sulfide precipitates. in addition to discharge limits based on physicochemical parameters, however, treated effluent is required to be nontoxic. acute and sublethal toxicity was assessed for effluent from 3.5-l column bioreactors filled with mixtures of natural organic carbon sources and operated at different hydraulic retention times (hrts) for the treatment of ... | 2008 | 18290688 |
| heads or tails? stressor-specific expression of corticotropin-releasing factor and urotensin i in the preoptic area and caudal neurosecretory system of rainbow trout. | corticotropin-releasing factor (crf)- and urotensin i (ui)-expressing cells of the preoptic area (poa) and caudal neurosecretory system (cnss) are considered key contributors to the regulation of the stress response in fish; however, the expression pattern of these neurons to environmental and social challenges have not been compared in a single study. therefore, we characterized in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) the central distribution of crf and ui expression and quantified the poa and c ... | 2008 | 18310459 |
| cross-species comparison of conazole fungicide metabolites using rat and rainbow trout (onchorhynchus mykiss) hepatic microsomes and purified human cyp 3a4. | ecological risk assessment frequently relies on cross-species extrapolation to predict acute toxicity from chemical exposures. a major concern for environmental risk characterization is the degree of uncertainty in assessing xenobiotic biotransformation processes. although inherently complex, metabolite identification is critical to risk assessment since the product(s) formed may pose a greater toxicological threat than the parent molecule. this issue is further complicated by differences observ ... | 2008 | 18323127 |
| study of the viral interference between infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv) and infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | the resistance of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) to an infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) challenge following a preceding non-lethal infection with infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv) was investigated through experimental dual infections. trout initially infected with ipnv were inoculated 14 days later with ihnv. single infections of trout with 1 of the 2 viruses or with cell culture supernatant were also carried out and constituted control groups. no mortality was note ... | 2008 | 18329899 |
| effects of dexamethasone on host innate and adaptive immune responses and parasite development in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss infected with loma salmonae. | the effects of dexamethasone (dex) treatment on infections with the microsporidian parasite, loma salmonae and the effects of dex on initiation of the adaptive immune response were investigated in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss experimentally infected with the parasite. dex treatment resulted in significantly higher infections with the parasite in the gills and other internal organs, suggesting that dex inhibits aspects of the innate immune response to l. salmonae; the heavier infections in ... | 2008 | 18359641 |
| osmotic regulation of a novel flavin-containing monooxygenase in primary cultured cells from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | a cdna encoding a hepatic isoform of flavin-containing monooxygenase (hfmo) (ef063736) containing an open reading frame of 1792 base pairs (bp) and encoding 554 amino acids was cloned and sequenced from liver mrna of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). the genomic sequence of hfmo was also characterized and was 4.379 kilobases, possessing 10 exons and 9 introns (eu519462). structural analysis of the promoter region showed several cis-acting elements including putative glucocorticoid and osmoreg ... | 2008 | 18372402 |
| a new species of myxozoan (myxosporea) from the brain and spinal cord of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) from idaho. | a new species of myxosporea, myxobolus neurotropus n. sp., is described from the brain and spinal cord of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) from duncan creek, owyhee county, idaho. spores are oval, have 2 pyriform polar capsules, and possess a thick spore wall (sutural rim) with a short intracapsular offshoot. the mean spore dimensions are length 11.8 microm, width 10.8 microm, and thickness 8.8 microm. this myxozoan is compared to other described myxobolus species found in cranial tissues of ... | 2008 | 18372644 |
| a comparative analysis of putative oxygen-sensing cells in the fish gill. | we investigated the distribution of serotonin (5-ht)-containing neuroepithelial cells (necs), the putative o(2) sensing cells, in the gills of four species of fish: trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), goldfish (carassius auratus), trairão (hoplias lacerdae) and traira (hoplias malabaricus) using immunohistochemical markers for 5-ht, synaptic vesicles and neural innervation. we found that all fish had a cluster of innervated, serotonergic necs at the filament tips, but there were species-specific distri ... | 2008 | 18375847 |
| effects of ergosan on the expression of cytokine genes in the liver of juvenile rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to enteric red mouth vaccine. | the effects of administration of the immunomodulator ergosan, an algal extract containing alginic acid, in juvenile rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to aquavac vaccination, were tested. juveniles treated with ergosan, 95 days after the beginning of first solid feeding and control fish fed solely on commercial diet, were vaccinated by immersion in aquavac solution. the time-course of the effects of vaccination on liver immunorelated gene modulation and on the tolerance to stress manipu ... | 2008 | 18378002 |
| cloning and mrna expression analysis of an abcg2 (bcrp) efflux transporter in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) liver and primary hepatocytes. | as has been recently demonstrated in mammals, apart from the p-glycoprotein (pgp, abcb) and the mrp-like proteins (mrps, abcc), another efflux transporter - the bcrp (abcg2) - expressed in polarized epithelial cells of different tissues, is involved in regulation of intestinal absorption and biliary excretion of potentially toxic xenobiotics. however, no study has been directed towards identification of bcrp (abcg2) in fish species. in the present study we have cloned the full abcg2 transcript f ... | 2008 | 18381223 |
| carrier-mediated urea transport across the mitochondrial membrane of an elasmobranch (raja erinacea) and a teleost (oncorhynchus mykiss) fish. | in osmoregulating teleost fish, urea is a minor nitrogen excretory product, whereas in osmoconforming marine elasmobranchs it serves as the major tissue organic solute and is retained at relatively high concentrations ( approximately 400 mmol/l). we tested the hypothesis that urea transport across liver mitochondria is carrier mediated in both teleost and elasmobranch fishes. intact liver mitochondria in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) demonstrated two components of urea uptake, a linear com ... | 2008 | 18385468 |
| evaluation of bioavailable hydrocarbon sources and their induction potential in prince william sound, alaska. | to realistically evaluate the consequences of exposure to a complex mixture, we modified a passive sampler technology, the semipermeable membrane device (spmd), which absorbs the bioavailable hydrophobic organic compounds present in an environment. these samplers were deployed in prince william sound (pws), alaska, at locations selected as potential sites of hydrocarbon deposition, as well as in random sites for regional assessment. some of these sites were affected by previous human activity, s ... | 2008 | 18403008 |
| in vitro biotransformation of surfactants in fish. part i: linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (c12-las) and alcohol ethoxylate (c13eo8). | developing regulatory activities (e.g., reach, [dgee. 2003. directorates general enterprise and environment. the new eu chemicals legislation reach. dg enterprise, brussels, belgium. (http://www.europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/reach/index_en.htm)]) will require bioaccumulation to be assessed for thousands of chemicals. further, there is increasing pressure to reduce, refine or replace animal tests. given this scenario, there is an urgent need to evaluate the feasibility of in vitro systems to supp ... | 2008 | 18407314 |
| cloning, binding properties, and tissue localization of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) ladderlectin. | the present paper describes the primary structure, expression and immunohistochemical localization of rainbow trout ladderlectin (rtll), a multimeric serum lectin that binds sepharose and lps of aeromonas salmonicida. two rainbow trout cdnas (504 and 546bp) and a genomic sequence (2kb) were amplified using ladderlectin-specific primers. the sequences were identified as group vii mannose-binding c-type lectins from predicted amino acid sequences and showed highest identity with the atlantic salmo ... | 2008 | 18407519 |
| [aquaporins in gametogenesis of vertebrate animals]. | a review of the data on the presence, localization, and supposed role of aquaporin water channels in oocytes of xenopus laevis, oogenesis and maturation of teleosts sparus auratus and oncorhynchus mykiss, oogenesis and oocyte maturation of rats and mice, and spermatogenesis of several mammalians. | 2008 | 18409379 |
| efficacy of in-feed probiotics against aeromonas bestiarum and ichthyophthirius multifiliis skin infections in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum). | the aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of in-feed probiotics as a preventive measure against skin infections caused by aeromonas bestiarum and ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ich) in rainbow trout. | 2008 | 18422955 |
| contaminant levels in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, and their diets from missouri coldwater hatcheries. | organochlorine and metal contaminants often occur in commercial fish diets and can accumulate in fish to levels of concern for human consumption. contaminant levels were investigated in diet and rainbow trout fillets from missouri coldwater hatcheries used in "put and take" fisheries. the average fillet:diet ratio was <0.1 for lead and cadmium, 0.4-0.6 for organochlorine compounds, and about 0.8 for mercury. trout fillet concentrations for all contaminants were low (<50 ng/g) and below missouri' ... | 2008 | 18425399 |
| demonstrating freedom from gyrodactylus salaris (monogenea: gyrodactylidae) in farmed rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. | this paper describes an approach to demonstrate freedom of individual rainbow trout farms from gyrodactylus salaris malmberg, 1957. the infection status of individual farms is relevant should g. salaris be introduced into a country or zone previously known to be free of the parasite. trade from farms where g. salaris may have been introduced would be restricted until freedom had been demonstrated. cage, fish and parasite sample sizes were calculated based on the minimum detectable prevalence (p* ... | 2008 | 18429441 |
| novel candidate genes identified in the brain during nociception in common carp (cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | recent studies have demonstrated that teleost fish possess nociceptors that detect potentially painful stimuli and that the physiological properties of these fibres are markedly similar to those found in mammals. this finding led to suggestions of possible pain perception in fish, contrary to the view that the sensory response in these animals is limited to the spinal cord and hindbrain and as such is reflexive. therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if the brain is active at the mole ... | 2008 | 18440145 |
| hemagglutinating activity of serovar reference strains of ornithobacterium rhinotracheale. | in the present study, the hemagglutinating activity of 9 reference strains (serovars a-i) of ornithobacterium rhinotracheale was investigated by using fresh erythrocytes from 15 different species: chicken (broiler, rooster, hen), turkey, pigeon, quail, duck, harris hawk (parabuteo unicinctus), house finch (carpodacus mexicanus), cow, sheep, horse, dog, rabbit, pig, human (groups a, b, ab, and o), and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). all 9 strains agglutinated rabbit erythrocytes. none of the ... | 2008 | 18460626 |
| innate immunomodulation with recombinant interferon-alpha enhances resistance of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus. | we examined the in vivo immunostimulatory effects of a recombinant atlantic salmon (salmo salar) interferon-alpha2 (rsasaifn-alpha2). the mature rsasaifn-alpha2, expressed and purified from escherichia coli, was administered to rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) via the oral, immersion, or intraperitoneal (ip) injection route. injection of rsasaifn-alpha2 at 0.1microg/g fish gave significantly greater protection than a phosphate buffered saline (pbs) injection against a lethal challenge of infe ... | 2008 | 18466972 |
| subcellular components of vibrio harveyi and probiotics induce immune responses in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), against v. harveyi. | bacterial subcellular components and probiotics were successful for the stimulation of immunity and the prevention of vibrio harveyi infections in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum). rainbow trout were immunized with whole inactivated cells of v. harveyi to obtain polyclonal antibodies against specific antigens. western blotting showed a unique reactive band (approximately 93 kda) between serum and bacterial proteins from outer membrane proteins (omp) and extracellular products (ecp). ... | 2008 | 18482381 |
| the a/b domain of the teleost glucocorticoid receptors influences partial nuclear localization in the absence of hormone. | the glucocorticoid (gr) and mineralocorticoid receptor (mr) of extant jawed vertebrates emerged after duplication of an ancestral corticosteroid receptor. the ancestral corticosteroid receptor resembled extant mrs in hormone selectivity, and the different ligand specificity of extant grs is a secondary derived characteristic. an additional characteristic that distinguishes the mammalian gr from the mr is the cellular distribution pattern in the absence of hormone: the naïve gr resides in the cyt ... | 2008 | 18483153 |
| determination of quantitative trait loci (qtl) for early maturation in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | to identify quantitative trait loci (qtl) influencing early maturation (em) in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), a genome scan was performed using 100 microsatellite loci across 29 linkage groups. six inter-strain paternal half-sib families using three inter-strain f(1) brothers (approximately 50 progeny in each family) derived from two strains that differ in the propensity for em were used in the study. alleles derived from both parental sources were observed to contribute to the expression ... | 2014 | 18491191 |
| comparison of species sensitivity distributions derived from interspecies correlation models to distributions used to derive water quality criteria. | species sensitivity distributions (ssd) require a large number of measured toxicity values to define a hazard level protective of multiple species. this investigation comprehensively evaluated the accuracy of ssds generated from toxicity values predicted from interspecies correlation estimation (ice) models. ice models are log-log correlations of multiple chemical toxicity values for a pair of species that allow the toxicity of multiple species to be predicted from a single measured acute toxici ... | 2008 | 18497169 |
| a soluble nonglycosylated recombinant infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) g-protein induces ifns in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | viral glycoproteins interact with cell-surface receptors to mediate virus entry and innate immune system activation. we found that a soluble recombinant infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus g-protein (rihnv-g) stimulated an early innate immune response mediated by proinflammatory cytokines, ifn1 and ifn-gamma in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) fry. expression of both ifn1 and ifn-gamma mrna transcripts was an early event and was rihnv-g dose-dependent. in addition, preliminary evidence re ... | 2008 | 18499475 |
| transmission of tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (myxozoa: malacosporea) to fredericella sultana (bryozoa: phylactolaemata) by various fish species. | tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae is a myxozoan parasite of salmonids and freshwater bryozoans, which causes proliferative kidney disease (pkd) in the fish host. to test which fish species are able to transmit t. bryosalmonae to bryozoans, an infection experiment was conducted with 5 pkd-sensitive fish species from different genera. rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss, brown trout salmo trutta, brook trout salvelinus fontinalis, grayling thymallus thymallus and northern pike esox lucius were cohabitat ... | 2008 | 18500029 |
| identification, cloning and tissue localization of a rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) intelectin-like protein that binds bacteria and chitin. | intelectins are a recently identified group of animal lectins involved in innate immune surveillance. this paper describes the primary structure, expression and immunohistochemical localization of a rainbow trout plasma intelectin (rtint). rtint exhibited calcium-dependent binding to n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) and mannose conjugated toyopearl amino 650 m matrices. when glcnac eluates from chromatography matrices were analyzed by reducing 1d page and western blots, the lectin appeared as approx ... | 2008 | 18502147 |
| tollip, a negative regulator of tlr-signalling, is encoded by twin genes in salmonid fish. | the factor tollip is known to dampen tlr2- and tlr4-mediated signalling in mammals. no negative regulator of the piscine tlr-signalling cascade has been described so far, albeit a sizable collection of factors contributing to this ancient pathogen-sensing system are known from fish to date. we identified two closely related tollip-encoding genes in atlantic salmon (salmo salar) and the respective ortholog mrna molecules in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). the salmonid tollip genes are segmen ... | 2008 | 18502148 |
| analysis of the flavobacterium psychrophilum outer-membrane subproteome and identification of new antigenic targets for vaccine by immunomics. | flavobacterium psychrophilum is an important infectious gram-negative bacterium causing cold-water disease (cwd) and rainbow trout fry syndrome. outer-membrane proteins (omps) are key molecules with regard to the interface between the cell and its environment. therefore, we sought to define the outer-membrane (om) subproteome of f. psychrophilum in order to gain insight into the biology and pathogenesis of this bacterium and to identify the dominant antigens targeted by the rainbow trout (oncorh ... | 2008 | 18524934 |
| angler numerical response across landscapes and the collapse of freshwater fisheries. | recreational angling opportunities in lakes are distributed across landscapes and attract anglers based on the combination of angling quality, travel distance, and availability of facilities. the relationship between angler density and fishing quality, as measured by catch rate, represents a numerical response that is analogous to a predator numerical response to variability in prey abundance. we quantified this numerical response of anglers to rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, populations dis ... | 2008 | 18536261 |
| effectiveness and retention of thiamine and its analogs administered to steelhead and landlocked atlantic salmon. | we investigated the feasibility of enhancing the reproduction of steelhead oncorhynchus mykiss and landlocked atlantic salmon salmo salar in lakes where the consumption of alewives alosa pseudoharengus and other forage fishes containing thiaminase can cause them to become thiamine deficient and thereby reduce the survival of their fry. we evaluated feeding fingerling steelhead excess thiamine hydrochloride (thc1) for 1 or 2 weeks or equimolar amounts of thiamine mononitrate, thiamine-tetrahydrof ... | 2008 | 18536500 |
| purification and some kinetic properties of carbonic anhydrase from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) liver and metal inhibition. | in the present study, carbonic anhydrase (ca) enzyme was purified from rainbow trout (rt) liver with a specific activity of 4318 euxmg(-1) and a yield of 38% using sepharose-4b-l tyrosine-sulfanilamide affinity gel chromatography. the overall purification was approximately 2260-fold. to check the purity and determine subunit molecular weight of enzyme, sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was performed, which showed a single band and mw of approx. 29.4 kda. the molecular weight of native enzym ... | 2008 | 18537745 |
| acute and chronic aquatic toxicity of ammonium perfluorooctanoate (apfo) to freshwater organisms. | recent concerns have been raised concerning the widespread distribution of perfluorinated compounds in environmental matrices and biota. the compounds of interest include ammonium perfluorooctanoate (apfo, the ammonium salt of perfluorooctanoic acid, pfoa). apfo is used primarily as a processing aid in the production of fluoropolymers and fluoroelastomers. the environmental presence of perfluorooctanoate (pfo(-), the anion of apfo) and its entry into the environment as apfo make quality aquatic ... | 2008 | 18538392 |
| production of recombinant leptin and its effects on food intake in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | leptin is a key factor for the regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis in mammals, but information regarding its role in teleosts is still limited. there are large differences between mammalian and teleost leptin at both gene and protein levels, and in order to characterize the function of leptin in fish, preparation of species-specific leptin is therefore a key step. in this study, full-length cdna coding for rainbow trout leptin was identified. in spite of low amino acid sequence simi ... | 2008 | 18539064 |
| aquatic ecotoxicity of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor sertraline hydrochloride in a battery of freshwater test species. | sertraline hydrochloride is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (ssri) widely prescribed to patients suffering from psychiatric disorders. pharmaceutical products such as sertraline have been identified in environmental waters. this study describes the evaluation of sertraline using a battery of freshwater species representing four trophic levels. the species most sensitive to sertraline were daphnia magna 21 d reproduction test, pseudokirchneriella subcapitata 72 h growth inhibition, and o ... | 2009 | 18571724 |
| differential survival of ichthyophonus isolates indicates parasite adaptation to its host environment. | in vitro viability of ichthyophonus spp. spores in seawater and freshwater corresponded with the water type of the host from which the spores were isolated. among ichthyophonus spp. spores from both marine and freshwater fish hosts (pacific herring, clupea pallasii, and rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, respectively), viability was significantly greater (p < 0.05) after incubation in seawater than in freshwater at all time points from 1 to 60 min after immersion; however, magnitude of the spor ... | 2008 | 18576846 |
| xenobiotic intrinsic clearance in freshly isolated hepatocytes from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss): determination of trout hepatocellularity, optimization of cell concentrations and comparison of serum and serum-free incubations. | metabolism plays an important role in bioaccumulation of xenobiotics in fish. in vitro determination of xenobiotic intrinsic clearance (clint) in trout hepatocytes and subsequent extrapolation to in vivo hepatic clearance (clh) using the "well-stirred" liver model greatly improved our current practice of bioaccumulation assessment [han, x., nabb, d.l., mingoia, r.t., yang, c.h., 2007. determination of xenobiotic intrinsic clearance in freshly isolated hepatocytes from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus ... | 2008 | 18599132 |
| the partial pressure of oxygen affects biomarkers of oxidative stress in cultured rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) hepatocytes. | oxidative stress, the imbalance between production of reactive oxygen species and the cellular detoxification of these reactive compounds, is believed to be involved in the pathology of various diseases. several biomarkers for oxidative stress have been proposed to serve as tools in toxicological and ecotoxicological research. not only may exposure to various pro-oxidants create conditions of cellular oxidative stress, but hyperoxic conditions may also increase the production of reactive oxygen ... | 2008 | 18603400 |
| insulin regulates the expression of several metabolism-related genes in the liver and primary hepatocytes of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | rainbow trout have a limited ability to use dietary carbohydrates efficiently and are considered to be glucose intolerant. administration of carbohydrates results in persistent hyperglycemia and impairs post-prandial down regulation of gluconeogenesis despite normal insulin secretion. since gluconeogenic genes are mainly under insulin control, we put forward the hypothesis that the transcriptional function of insulin as a whole may be impaired in the trout liver. in order to test this hypothesis ... | 2008 | 18626086 |
| rodlet cells in the epidermis of fish exposed to stressors. | rodlet cells (rc) were detected in the epidermis of carp (cyprinus carpio) and trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to stressors (e.g. acid water, heavy metals, thermal elevation, polluted water of the rhine river, water loaded with organic manure, and distilled water), as well as after wounding. these cells were not found in the epidermis of fish kept under control conditions, thus suggesting that the appearance of rc in the epidermis is stressor-related. immature rc, resembling mucous cells, we ... | 1997 | 18627825 |
| three isoforms of complement properdin factor p in trout: cloning, expression, gene organization and constrained modeling. | properdin is a plasma glycoprotein and the only known naturally occurring positive regulator of the complement system, stabilizing the alternative pathway convertase (c3bbb). in order to elucidate the molecular evolution of properdin factor p (pfc), here we report the cloning and characterization of three gene isoforms of properdin in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). the predicted polypeptide sequences of trout properdins pfc1, pfc2 and pfc3 (447, 449 and 447 amino acids, respectively) share ... | 2008 | 18638502 |
| regulation of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) interleukin-8 receptor (il-8r) gene transcription in response to viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv), dna vaccination and chemokines. | an interleukin-8 receptor (il-8r)-like sequence has been previously reported in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss); however, no further studies to confirm its biological activity or regulation of expression have been performed. in this report, we have studied the regulation of the transcription of this receptor in response to different stimuli both in vivo and in vitro. we found that in response to a viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) infection, the levels of expression of il-8r are supp ... | 2008 | 18657446 |
| antioxidative role of selenium against the toxic effect of heavy metals (cd+2, cr+3) on liver of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss walbaum 1792). | the main purpose of this study is to discuss the effect of cd+2, cr+3 and se metals on biochemical parameters in liver tissue of oncorhynchus mykiss. the rainbow trout were exposed to heavy metal stress (cd+2, cr+3) at 2 ppm dosage. the present study was undertaken to determine the protective effect of selenium treatment at the same dosage (2 ppm) on some biochemical parameters. the activity of catalase (cat), glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px), superoxide dismutase (sod) and the changes in levels ... | 2008 | 18665459 |
| estimating naphthenic acids concentrations in laboratory-exposed fish and in fish from the wild. | naphthenic acids (nas) are the most water-soluble organic components found in the athabasca oil sands in alberta, canada, and these acids are released into aqueous tailing waters as a result of bitumen extraction. although the toxicity of nas to fish is well known, there has been no method available to estimate nas concentrations in fish. this paper describes a newly developed analytical method using single ion monitoring gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) to measure nas in fish, down ... | 2008 | 18667226 |
| contribution of food deprivation to the immune response in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) vaccinated against cryptobia salmositica and aeromonas salmonicida. | the aims of the present study were to determine (a) the effectiveness of an attenuated live cryptobia salmositica vaccine; (b) the effects of food deprivation on the immune response and its duration in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) immunised with a live c. salmositica vaccine or with a killed aeromonas salmonicida vaccine. the fish were divided into three groups (i, ii and iii; 14 fish per group), those in groups i and ii were under food deprivation (0.40% of body weight), while group iii ... | 2008 | 18669247 |
| the first report of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia in farmed rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), in the united kingdom. | viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (vhs) was diagnosed in rainbow trout in the uk in may 2006. vhs virus (vhsv) was isolated from fingerlings showing typical histopathological lesions at a single rainbow trout farm site experiencing high mortality. the virus was confirmed as vhsv by serological and molecular biological tests. phylogenetic analysis based on the complete glycoprotein gene sequence revealed that the isolate was closely related (99% nucleotide identity) to several danish isolates from 1 ... | 2008 | 18681899 |
| genetic diversity of flavobacterium psychrophilum recovered from commercially raised rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), and spawning coho salmon, o. kisutch (walbaum). | flavobacterium psychrophilum is the aetiological agent of rainbow trout fry syndrome and bacterial cold water disease. this study examined the genetic diversity of f. psychrophilum isolates retrieved from multiple epizootics at rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, rearing facilities and from spawning coho salmon, o. kisutch. a total of 139 isolates were confirmed as f. psychrophilum by pcr assay and were further typed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). multiple epizootics at three pro ... | 2008 | 18681900 |