Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| effect of the immune modulating agents cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, hydrocortisone, and cyclosporin a on an animal model of granulomatous bowel disease. | this study was undertaken to determine the effect of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, hydrocortisone, and cyclosporin a on a model of granulomatous infiltration in the terminal ileum and draining lymph nodes of the guinea pig. treatment groups of six animals were used and compared to untreated groups of 12. epithelioid cell granulomas and primary macrophage granulomas were induced by the inoculation of bcg (pasteur) and irradiated mycobacterium leprae respectively into the terminal ileum of the g ... | 1990 | 2379870 |
| intradermal recombinant interleukin 2 enhances peripheral blood t-cell responses to mitogen and antigens in patients with lepromatous leprosy. | thirty-one patients with lepromatous leprosy received recombinant interleukin 2 (il-2) intradermally in doses ranging from 10 to 30 micrograms. before injection and at time intervals of 2-21 days thereafter, samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were obtained. single or multiple injections (1-3) of il-2 did not modify the total number of circulating lymphocytes or the number of t cells and the cd4/cd8 t-cell ratio. however, il-2 had a pronounced influence on the [3h]thymidine inco ... | 1990 | 2389115 |
| major histocompatibility complex class ii antigen expression in nerves in leprosy; an immunoelectronmicroscopical study. | a technique for immunoelectronmicroscopy has been used to investigate major histocompatibility class ii expression in leprosy nerves. in normal nerves, endothelial cells and occasional endoneural cells (not schwann cells) were constitutively class ii positive. in both paucibacillary and multibacillary leprosy nerve biopsies, infiltrating leukocytes were positive but class ii-positive schwann cells were not seen. these observations indicate that schwann cells may not be involved in presenting myc ... | 1990 | 2401839 |
| induction of antigen-specific immunity and tolerance to mycobacterium leprae in lewis rats. | intradermal (i.d.) immunization of lewis rats with autoclaved mycobacterium leprae resulted in antigen-specific proliferation responses and interleukin-2 release from spleen and lymph node cells that were detectable as early as 21 days, persisted for at least 9 months, and were dependent on the dose of antigen administered. immunized animals were also completely resistant to a footpad challenge with viable m. leprae. in contrast, intravenous (i.v.) administration of at least 10(8) irradiated m. ... | 1990 | 2404873 |
| survey for leprosy in nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) from the southeastern united states. | ears from 853 nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) from alabama, arkansas, florida, georgia and mississippi were examined microscopically for evidence of leprosy. all were negative for both acid-fast bacteria (mycobacterium leprae) and lesions compatible with leprosy. | 1990 | 2406467 |
| antigen reactivity and autoreactivity: two sides of the cellular immune response induced by mycobacteria. | 1990 | 2407430 | |
| identification of an immunostimulating protein from mycobacterium leprae. | despite the recent identification of a number of mycobacterium leprae proteins, the major immunogenic determinants of this organism remain obscure. we isolated from m. leprae a potent immunostimulatory preparation, designated the mlp fraction, which contains a major protein of 35 kilodaltons (kda). this protein was precipitated by monoclonal antibody ml03-a1, which recognizes a 35-kda protein of m. leprae, and by sera obtained from patients with lepromatous leprosy. neither sera from healthy con ... | 1990 | 2407653 |
| effective vaccination of mice against leprosy bacilli with subunits of mycobacterium leprae. | model vaccines against leprosy bacilli have consisted of nonvirulent, live, attenuated mycobacterium bovis bcg and irradiated, heat-killed, or autoclaved intact m. leprae. we report that immunization with various cell wall fractions of m. leprae, progressively depleted of lipids, carbohydrates, and soluble proteins, as well as a partially purified protein(s) derived from a pellet fraction of sonicated m. leprae, conferred significant protection against subsequent infection with live leprosy baci ... | 1990 | 2407654 |
| the specific 18-kilodalton antigen of mycobacterium leprae is present in mycobacterium habana and functions as a heat-shock protein. | a mab previously thought to be specific for mycobacterium leprae has been found to cross-react with a cultivable mycobacterium, mycobacterium habana tmc5135. the epitope is present on a protein of identical molecular mass (18 kda) in both species. when m. habana is subjected to heat shock, expression of the protein is significantly increased, whereas other forms of environmental stress do not increase its expression. since immunization of mice with m. habana results in protection against infecti ... | 1990 | 2407785 |
| immunoassays of field isolates of mycobacterium bovis and other mycobacteria by use of monoclonal antibodies. | antigen extracts obtained by sonication of 22 strains of mycobacterium bovis from cattle and badgers together with extracts of strains of m. tuberculosis, m. paratuberculosis, m. avium, m. africanum, m. kansasi, m. leprae and bcg were examined with a panel of 10 monoclonal antibodies to m. tuberculosis or m. leprae. antigen extracts were coated in aqueous solution (wet coating) and the extracts were also dried on to the polyvinyl plates (dry coating). when dry coating was compared to wet coating ... | 1985 | 2409287 |
| monoclonal antibodies to a 28,000 mol. wt protein antigen of mycobacterium leprae. | monoclonal antibodies (moab) have been used to analyse a protein antigen from mycobacterium leprae with a subunit mol. wt of 28,000 daltons. three different patterns of species specificity were observed with two antibodies being specific for m. leprae, two partially specific, and one broadly cross-reactive amongst all mycobacteria. competitive binding and sandwich assays demonstrated that the specific and partially specific antibodies recognized closely related regions of the molecule while the ... | 1985 | 2410167 |
| quality control of skin smear services in leprosy programmes: preliminary experience with inter-observer comparison in routine services. | 1985 | 2414625 | |
| a spot test for detection of antibodies to phenolic glycolipid i. | 1985 | 2414626 | |
| mycobacterium leprae antigens involved in human immune responses. i. identification of four antigens by monoclonal antibodies. | four distinct antigens were identified in soluble sonicates of mycobacterium leprae by using a panel of 11 monoclonal antibodies. cross-reactivity studies with other mycobacterial species were conducted by using elisa and immunoblot assays, and demonstrated that determinants on two of the antigens were present in many mycobacteria, whereas the other two were limited in distribution. competitive inhibition experiments with radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies showed cross-inhibition between antibod ... | 1985 | 2415603 |
| in situ and in vitro characterization of the cellular immune response in erythema nodosum leprosum. | we sought to evaluate cell-mediated immune responses in erythema nodosum leprosum (enl), a reactional state occurring in lepromatous leprosy. skin biopsies from patients with leprosy were studied with monoclonal antibodies against t lymphocyte antigenic determinants, interleukin 2 (il 2), and il 2 receptors (tac) by using immunoperoxidase staining of frozen sections. peripheral blood lymphocytes from 18 enl patients were tested in vitro for lepromin-induced suppression of con a stimulation. seri ... | 1986 | 2416837 |
| demonstration of mycobacterium leprae specific antigens in leprosy lesions using monoclonal antibodies. | cryostat sections of dermal lesions from 13 untreated patients of leprosy were studied by indirect immunoperoxidase using monoclonal antibodies (mlo4 & mlo6), defining m. leprae specific antigens. the lymphocytes and macrophages in both the tuberculoid and lepromatous granulomas showed membranous staining with the above antibodies. m. leprae organisms in the lepromatous granulomas and the cells in the section of lymph nodes of patients with tuberculosis, or sections of normal skin or psoriatic l ... | 1985 | 2416852 |
| mycobacterium leprae-specific protein antigens defined by cloned human helper t cells. | leprosy displays a remarkable spectrum of symptoms correlating with the t-cell-mediated immune reactivity of the host against the causative organism, mycobacterium leprae. at one pole of this spectrum are lepromatous leprosy patients showing a m. leprae-specific t-cell unresponsiveness; at the other are tuberculoid leprosy patients displaying both acquired immunity and delayed-type hypersensitivity against m. leprae which are thought to be conferred by helper t (th) cells. because well-defined m ... | 1986 | 2417123 |
| an elisa-inhibition test using monoclonal antibody for the serology of leprosy. | in this study a mouse monoclonal antibody (47-9) is described, which recognized an epitope on the 36 kd protein antigen of m. leprae. the monoclonal antibody showed specificity for m. leprae. an elisa-inhibition test based on the competitive inhibition by antibodies from human test sera of the binding of the enzyme labelled monoclonal antibody to m. leprae was developed. seropositivity was found in 100% of the multibacillary leprosy patients group and in 91% of the paucibacillary patients. only ... | 1985 | 2417764 |
| characterization of the immune response to an epitope on mycobacterium leprae antigen 7 defined by a monoclonal antibody. | a mouse monoclonal antibody (038d-c6) was shown by crossed immunoelectrophoresis and radioimmunoassay to react with an epitope on the mycobacterium leprae antigen 7. this epitope was highly crossreactive with bcg/m. tuberculosis and of a non-arabinogalactan-arabinomannan nature. a solid-phase radioimmunoassay (spria) was applied, based on competitive inhibition by human sera of antigen binding by this anti-m. leprae monoclonal antibody. inhibitory activity determined by this assay decreased mark ... | 1985 | 2418496 |
| staining of mycobacterium leprae in epoxy resin sections. | 1986 | 2419364 | |
| multi-drug therapy of leprosy. | 1985 | 2420903 | |
| hansen's disease (leprosy). diagnosis by aspiration biopsy of lymph nodes. | a 61-year-old male native of mexico presented with generalized enlargement of lymph nodes. fine needle aspiration (fna) biopsy established lepromatous leprosy as the cause of the lymphadenopathy. the cytologic findings included abundant, frequently multinucleated histiocytes (globus cells), the cytoplasm of which showed multiple vacuoles; cytoplasmic membrane-bound vacuoles were seen free in the background. the vacuoles contained large numbers of acid-fast bacilli. globus cells, while characteri ... | 1986 | 2421510 |
| m. leprae and ppd-triggered t cell lines in tuberculoid and lepromatous leprosy. | proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) to mycobacterium leprae and bacillus calmette guerin-derived purified protein derivative (ppd) were studied in the presence or absence of interleukin 2 (il 2) in high m. leprae responders (tuberculoid leprosy patients and healthy subjects) and low m. leprae responders (lepromatous leprosy patients). high responders in most cases developed a strong proliferative response to both antigens in the absence of il 2. additional il 2 a ... | 1986 | 2422278 |
| hla class-ii-restricted mycobacterium leprae-reactive t-cell clones from leprosy patients established with a minimal requirement for autologous mononuclear cells. | this report describes an effective method for the cloning of mycobacterium leprae-reactive t lymphocytes with epstein-barr-virus transformed autologous b cells as antigen-presenting cells. the two advantages of this method are that it drastically reduces the number of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (less than 10(7) cells) needed to obtain and propagate these t-cell clones (tlc), and that it enables us to expand individual tlc to large numbers of cells (greater than 10(8)). thus th ... | 1986 | 2422737 |
| investigation of antigen cross-reactivity of mycobacterium leprae-reactive murine t-cell lines and clones. | inguinal lymph node lymphocytes from balb/c mice immunized intradermally with 10(8) 60co-irradiated mycobacterium leprae were cloned by limiting dilution culture. in general, cloned t-cell lines exhibited helper type activity producing interleukin-2, macrophage activation factor and gamma-interferon and lines were further characterized in terms of their cross-reactivities with other species of mycobacteria. m. leprae clones derived after a period of in vitro restimulation were found to cross-rea ... | 1986 | 2423443 |
| learning from leprosy: a perspective on immunology and the third world. | 1986 | 2423599 | |
| periodic acid-ethanol gelatin methenamine silver stain for demonstrating m. leprae and myelin in peripheral nerve fibers of leprosy patients. | we have introduced the periodic acid-ethanol gelatin methenamine silver stain for the simultaneous demonstration of mycobacterium leprae and myelin in the peripheral nerves of leprosy patients. | 1986 | 2423620 |
| [staining of mycobacterium leprae: comparison between the lapeyssonnie and causse technic on the one hand and thelep's technic on the other in the evaluation of the bacteriological index]. | in the present review, two staining techniques have been compared to evaluate bacteriological index: the lapeyssonnie and causse's technique, used in french speaking africa, and the one recommended by the o.m.s. scientific panel on chemotherapy of leprosy, thelep. it appears that the former facilitates the finding of a greater number of bacilli. more efficient, it is also easier and faster than the latter one and, consequently, more adapted to logistic constraints attached to the fight against e ... | 1986 | 2425213 |
| prevalence and specificity of the enhancing effect of three types of interleukin 2 on t cell responsiveness in 97 lepromatous leprosy patients of mixed ethnic origin. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 97 predominantly lepromatous leprosy patients and 11 control subjects were tested in a lymphoproliferative assay for response to mycobacterium leprae (whole and sonicated), and sonicated m. vaccae, m. tuberculosis, and m. scrofulaceum, in the presence and absence of three types of interleukin 2 (il-2) (crude, purified, and recombinant). il-2 enhanced the response to sonicated m. tuberculosis and m. leprae organisms more often in patients than in control su ... | 1986 | 2426020 |
| cloned suppressor t cells from a lepromatous leprosy patient suppress mycobacterium leprae reactive helper t cells. | leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by mycobacterium leprae. a characteristic feature of the disease is its remarkable spectrum of clinical symptoms correlating with the cellular immune responsiveness of the patient. at one pole of this spectrum are tuberculoid patients displaying both acquired cell-mediated immunity and delayed type hypersensitivity against the bacillus. at the other pole are lepromatous patients which show a specific t-cell unresponsiveness against m. leprae. in bet ... | 1986 | 2426597 |
| a modification of fite's stain for demonstration of m. leprae in tissue sections. | 1986 | 2427624 | |
| viability of mycobacterium leprae: a comparison of morphological index and fluorescent staining techniques in slit-skin smears and m. leprae suspensions. | in a comparison of the estimation of mycobacterium leprae viability by morphology and the fluorescent vital dyes fda/eb and r123/eb, the latter techniques were more satisfactory using suspensions and slit-skin smears of m. leprae bacilli. both fda/eb and r123/eb seem to more accurately reflect viability after freeze/thaw cycles and heating, and are able to detect lower percentages of viable bacilli. in addition, the fluorescent vital dye techniques are both simple and less open to subjective int ... | 1986 | 2427626 |
| a preliminary study on serological activity of a phenolic glycolipid from mycobacterium leprae in sera from patients with leprosy, tuberculosis and normal controls. | 1986 | 2427906 | |
| efficient mapping of protein antigenic determinants. | a recombinant dna expression strategy has been used to deduce the amino acid sequences of six different antigenic determinants in a single protein of mycobacterium leprae, the etiologic agent of leprosy. the gene encoding the m. leprae 65-kda antigen was sequenced and a lambda gt11 gene sublibrary was constructed with fragments of the gene. recombinant dna clones producing specific antigenic determinants were isolated by screening with monoclonal antibodies, and the sequences of their insert dna ... | 1986 | 2428046 |
| specific antigen and antibody to mycobacterium leprae in the cryoprecipitate of a patient with lucio phenomenon. | using a sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) assay we showed that the cryoglobulins of a patient with lucio phenomenon contain phenolic glycolipid i antigen and a specific antibody. | 1986 | 2429360 |
| biological, chemical, immunological and staining properties of bacteria isolated from tissues of leprosy patients. | two kinds of microorganisms are found in tissue of leprosy patients: mycobacterium leprae (ml) and leprosy derived corynebacteria (ldc). ml from untreated patients has an alcohol-acid-fastness, which is lost upon treatment with antibiotics and immune response (tuberculoid leprosy). vulnerable ml thus produced can be reversibly de-stained by organic solvent: in tissue sections from tuberculoid and treated patients, more bacteria are, thus, revealed by the wade-fite than by the ziehl-neelsen proce ... | 1985 | 2429862 |
| molecular localization and polymorphism of hla class ii restriction determinants defined by mycobacterium leprae-reactive helper t cell clones from leprosy patients. | mhc class ii molecules carry the restriction determinants (rds) for antigen presentation to antigen-specific th lymphocytes. this restriction of t cell activation endows those molecules with a key role in the induction and regulation of antigen-specific immune responses. moreover, class ii molecules are the products of class ii immune response (ir) genes. the polymorphism of these ir genes leads to genetically controlled differences in immuneresponsiveness between different individuals. an impor ... | 1986 | 2431092 |
| use of synthetic glycoconjugates containing the mycobacterium leprae specific and immunodominant epitope of phenolic glycolipid i in the serology of leprosy. | the high specificity of phenolic glycolipid i (pg-i) in the identifying individuals with leprosy appears to be attributable to the species-specific trisaccharide region of the molecule. synthetic glycoconjugates were produced by coupling the corresponding terminal mono- or disaccharide to bovine serum albumin by reductive amination. conjugates which contained only the terminal sugar maintained in its pyranose form, the terminal disaccharide with only the terminal sugar in its pyranose form and t ... | 1986 | 2431812 |
| separate antigenic determinants on cell wall associated carbohydrate antigens of mycobacterium leprae defined with monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) raised against mycobacterium leprae sonicate defined two different determinants on related, cell-wall-associated, carbohydrate antigens common to m. leprae, m. bovis (bcg), and m. tuberculosis. antigen inhibition elisa and antigen capture assays demonstrated that the two antigens were present in a cell-wall fraction, m. leprae resonicate. there was species variation in the distribution of the antigens; the 4.5-6 kd antigen was more abundant in m. tuberculosis and m. ... | 1986 | 2434585 |
| a rapid silver staining method for identification of mycobacterium leprae in histologic sections. | a few methods have been reported for the purpose of staining mycobacterium leprae in paraffin sections, including fite oil fuchsin method, auramine-rhodamine method, and blanco-fite silver method. among these staining techniques, fite oil fuchsin method and auramine-rhodamine method are popular. however, the blanco-fite silver method takes approximately 20 days. therefore, we developed a new procedure for rapid identification of m. leprae in paraffin sections using another silver solution and fo ... | 1986 | 2435021 |
| characterization of antibody-reactive epitopes on the 65-kilodalton protein of mycobacterium leprae. | twenty-three monoclonal antibodies (mabs) prepared in seven different laboratories were studied, all of which recognized the 65-kilodalton (kda) protein of mycobacterium leprae as determined by western blotting or gel radioimmunoassay or both. fourteen of the mabs recognized different epitopes, as evaluated by cross-competition studies using radiolabeled mab and unlabeled inhibitors; the species specificity of these epitopes was defined by nitrocellulose dot blot immunoassays with bacterial soni ... | 1987 | 2435658 |
| comparative study of immunizing and delayed hypersensitivity eliciting antigens of mycobacterium leprae, m. tuberculosis, m. vaccae, and m. bovis (bcg). | a variety of mycobacterial antigens have been associated with the delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) reactions in human beings and animals. an attempt has been made in the present study to identify the major antigen fractions of mycobacterium leprae and m. tuberculosis responsible for the elicitation of dth and to evaluate their specificity by a comparison with the antigens of two closely related mycobacteria, bcg and m. vaccae. guinea pigs and mice were sensitized with native or heat-killed m. ... | 1987 | 2435824 |
| purification of the 65 kd protein from mycobacterium gordonae and use in skin test response to mycobacterium leprae. | the cell wall-associated protein of mycobacterium gordonae (mr = 65,000) was purified by affinity chromatography using a murine monoclonal antibody produced in response to the crossreactive 65 kd protein of m. leprae. the affinity-purified material was analyzed for purity by protein and carbohydrate analyses, sds-page, and immunoblotting. the final preparation contained a major protein band on sds-page analysis (mr = 65,000) with no detectable carbohydrates. the affinity fraction was prepared at ... | 1987 | 2435825 |
| orientation staining for the demonstration of mycobacterium leprae in semithin sections. | in spurr-embedded biopsies for ultrastructural examinations, mycobacterium leprae hardly differed from the surrounding tissues using the staining technique of richardson. also, the usual histological staining methods of ziehl-neelsen and fite did not achieve positive results for the determination of m. leprae. therefore, we applied the methylene blue-borax and basic fuchsin technique for the demonstration of the bacilli in plastic-embedded tissue of 11 patients suffering from hansen's disease. i ... | 1987 | 2435826 |
| [anti-m. leprae antibodies and the serology of leprosy]. | 1986 | 2436432 | |
| solid phase peptide synthesis of epitopes that react with monoclonal antibodies to the 65,000 dalton protein of mycobacterium leprae. | 1986 | 2437421 | |
| characterization of mycobacterial species specificity of 14 separate epitopes which reacted with monoclonal antibodies to the 65,000 molecular weight protein molecule of mycobacterium leprae. | 1986 | 2437422 | |
| clinical significance of changes in serum proteins, immunoglobulins, and autoantibodies in leprosy. | changes in the level of acute phase reactants such as c-reactive protein (crp), serum globulins, and autoantibodies have been reported previously in patients with leprosy, particularly at the lepromatous end of the spectrum. the clinical significance of these findings was investigated by comparing the same parameters of humoral immune function in populations of australian aboriginals with stable treated leprosy and relevant contact groups including a) noninfected european sporadic contacts and b ... | 1987 | 2439620 |
| comparison of radiometric macrophage assay and fluorescein diacetate/ethidium bromide staining for evaluation of m. leprae viability. | earlier studies from our laboratory reported that a radiometric mycobacterium leprae resident macrophage assay was a useful in vitro indicator of bacillary viability with good correlation with the established mouse foot pad model. the present study compares our assay with the recently described fluorescein diacetate/ethidium bromide (fda/eb) method. m. leprae extracted from the dermal lesions of 73 bacilliferous leprosy patients were tested concurrently by both techniques. good correlation (r = ... | 1987 | 2439621 |
| mapping of t cell epitopes using recombinant antigens and synthetic peptides. | two complementary approaches were used to determine the epitope specificity of clonal and polyclonal human t lymphocytes reactive with the 65-kd antigen of mycobacterium leprae. a recombinant dna sublibrary constructed from portions of the 65-kd gene was used to map t cell determinants within amino acid sequences 101-146 and 409-526. independently, potential t cell epitopes within the protein were predicted based on an empirical analysis of specific patterns in the amino acid sequence. of six pe ... | 1987 | 2440673 |
| the etiologic agents of leprosy and tuberculosis share an immunoreactive protein antigen with the vaccine strain mycobacterium bovis bcg. | the amino acid sequences of the 65-kilodalton antigens of mycobacterium leprae, mycobacterium tuberculosis, and mycobacterium bovis bcg display greater than 95% homology. | 1987 | 2440811 |
| a rapid method for viability and drug sensitivity of mycobacterium leprae cultured in macrophages and using fluorescein diacetate. | the ability of viable m. leprae to hydrolyze fluorescein diacetate and retain fluorescein inside the bacteria was used to identify viable m. leprae inside the cultured in vitro macrophages. the subjective microscopic count of the fda test was demonstrated as useful routine test by confirming the results obtained therein with a quantitative and non subjective measurement of fluorescence in spectrofluorimeter. using this method loss of viability of m. leprae in presence of dapsone and rifampicin w ... | 1987 | 2440960 |
| demonstration of mycobacterium leprae antigen in nerves of tuberculoid leprosy. | twenty nerve biopsies of tuberculoid leprosy patients who showed no acid-fast bacilli in their skin smears or in tissue biopsies, were stained for mycobacterial antigens using anti-bacille calmette-gúerin (bcg) by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. adjacent parts of some of these nerves were examined for the presence of osmiophilic bacilli under the transmission electron microscope. eight of the 20 nerves were both clinically and histologically uninvolved. all the 20 involved nerves showed pr ... | 1987 | 2441563 |
| studies on the antigenic specificity of mycobacterium leprae. i. isoelectric and chromatofocusing separation. | cell sonicates of mycobacterium leprae and other mycobacteria were subjected to isoelectric focusing and chromatofocusing to evaluate their protein antigens and to determine if the patterns were significantly different. isoelectric focusing showed that the proteins of all mycobacteria focused within the ph range of 3.5 to 5.5, except those of m. leprae which extended beyond 5.5 to 6.5. these studies have indicated for the first time that the protein antigens of mycobacteria are acidic in nature. ... | 1987 | 2442924 |
| in situ identification of activated ta1+ t lymphocytes in human leprosy skin lesions. | using a monoclonal antibody, anti-ta1, that identifies antigen-activated t lymphocytes in vitro, we sought to identify activated t lymphocytes in leprosy skin lesions. greater numbers of ta1 positive t lymphocytes were observed in tuberculoid leprosy, lepromin skin tests, and reversal reactions as compared with lepromatous leprosy or erythema nodosum leprosum (enl) (p less than 0.001). with a double-staining technique, we found that the majority of these activated t lymphocytes were of the helpe ... | 1987 | 2443587 |
| in vitro cultivation of an acid-fast nocardioform chemoautotroph from mouse footpad-passaged strain of leprosy bacillus. | 1987 | 2444533 | |
| studies on the antigenic specificity of mycobacterium leprae. ii. immunological characterization. | antigens from untreated and autoclaved mycobacterium leprae obtained through chromatofocusing were tested for their ability to both induce as well as elicit skin reactivity in guinea pigs sensitized either with homologous and heterologous mycobacteria or with the fractions derived from autoclaved m. leprae. in former studies, of the several antigen-positive fractions, one showed specific activity and the remaining others cross-reactivity, as indicated by studies of hypersensitivity. the fraction ... | 1987 | 2445123 |
| studies on the antigenic specificity of mycobacterium leprae. iii. further studies on immunological characterization. | the ability of the various protein antigens of mycobacterium leprae to induce as well as detect delayed type hypersensitivity has been confirmed by studies in mice. additionally, one of the fractions obtained from untreated m. leprae has been shown to possess specificity to the organism through immuno-analysis, thus confirming previous observations on skin-reactivity in guinea pigs. sds-pag electrophoresis has shown that this fraction contains a single antigen. a suggestion has been made that th ... | 1987 | 2445124 |
| [morphologic structure of mycobacterium leprae]. | 1986 | 2445724 | |
| leprosy and the leprosy bacillus: recent developments in characterization of antigens and immunology of the disease. | 1987 | 2446563 | |
| antigenic proteins of mycobacterium leprae. complete sequence of the gene for the 18-kda protein. | recombinant clones expressing antigenic determinants of the 18-kda protein antigen from mycobacterium leprae recognized by the l5 monoclonal antibody were isolated from a lambda gt11 expression library and their nucleotide sequences determined. all clones expressed the m. leprae-specific determinant as part of a large fusion protein with escherichia coli beta-galactosidase. the deduced amino acid sequence of the coding region indicated that all the lambda gt11 recombinant clones contained an inc ... | 1988 | 2447183 |
| can mycobacterium leprae enter the body through unbroken epithelium? | 1987 | 2448403 | |
| [recent advances in hansen's disease]. | 1988 | 2453134 | |
| use of recombinant antigens expressed in escherichia coli k-12 to map b-cell and t-cell epitopes on the immunodominant 65-kilodalton protein of mycobacterium bovis bcg. | in gene libraries of mycobacterium bovis bcg, mycobacterium tuberculosis, and mycobacterium leprae, recombinants were frequently encountered that expressed an immunodominant 65-kilodalton (kda) protein antigen that was shown to react with a high proportion of mycobacterium-reactive human and murine t cells and murine monoclonal antibodies. in this study, recombinant antigens were used to map t-cell and b-cell epitopes on the m. bovis bcg 65-kda protein that was previously designated mbaa. four d ... | 1988 | 2453469 |
| auramine staining in histopathology sections. | auramine staining was done on 65 histopathological sections from different types of treated leprosy cases which were negative by fite-farraco stain. all the sections except one showed auramine positive organisms. the organisms were mostly coccoid except in bl/ll cases where beaded bacilli could be seen. | 1987 | 2454272 |
| t cell epitopes on the 36k and 65k mycobacterium leprae antigens defined by human t cell clones. | to identify the molecular localization and specificity of mycobacterium leprae antigenic determinants inducing t cell activation, we studied the reactivity of m. leprae-reactive t cell clones from two tuberculoid leprosy patients towards a battery of different mycobacterial strains and purified mycobacterial antigens. of the 38 t cell clones tested 8 appeared to be m. leprae specific (specificity a), another 8 were cross-reactive with at least one of the three mycobacterial strains, m. lepraemur ... | 1988 | 2454825 |
| specific lysis by cd8+ t cells of schwann cells expressing mycobacterium leprae antigens. | in vitro cultured murine schwann cells which were devoid of class i and class ii gene products of the major histocompatibility complex expressed class i, though not class ii, antigens after stimulation with recombinant interferon-gamma. recombinant ifn-gamma-stimulated schwann cells after priming with m. leprae were lysed by antigen-specific cd8+ t lymphocytes in vitro. these findings suggest that specific lysis of m. leprae-infected schwann cells by cd8+ ctl plays a role in leprosy. | 1988 | 2454827 |
| exact definition of species-specific and cross-reactive epitopes of the 65-kilodalton protein of mycobacterium leprae using synthetic peptides. | with the use of solid phase synthesis of peptides corresponding to major and minor peaks in a hopp-woods hydrophilicity plot, the epitopes for 10 of 14 known different mab to the mycobacterium leprae 65-kda protein, a prominent t and b cell ag of this bacillus, have been located in the primary structure. five epitopes have been precisely mapped by using the synthetic peptides in inhibition elisa experiments, and five others have been located on peptides of 22 amino acids or less in length. the e ... | 1988 | 2454997 |
| a passive hemagglutination test for leprosy using a synthetic disaccharide antigen. | there is a need for a simple, sensitive, and specific test for the serodiagnosis of leprosy. a passive hemagglutination (pha) test for leprosy was developed to meet these requirements. a synthetic disaccharide, conjugated to bovine serum albumin and specific for the phenolic glycolipid of mycobacterium leprae, was sensitized to aldehyde preserved and tanned sheep erythrocytes (srbc). the sensitized srbc were used for testing sera from leprosy and tuberculosis cases and normal controls at 1: 64 a ... | 1988 | 2457641 |
| molecular-genetic evidence for the relationship of mycobacterium leprae to slow-growing pathogenic mycobacteria. | a total of 1170 nucleotides of the 16s rrna from mycobacterium leprae were compared to the homologous regions of m. tuberculosis, m. bovis vallée, m. avium, m. scrofulaceum, m. phlei, m. fortuitum and one representative each of the genera corynebacterium, nocardia, and rhodococcus. homology values were calculated and a phylogenetic tree was constructed from the evolutionary distance values. despite differences in dna g + c content and genome size, m. leprae is a true member of the slow-growing p ... | 1988 | 2458422 |
| evidence that the mitsuda reaction to mycobacterium leprae can be mediated by lymphocytes responsive to mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a positive mitsuda skin test for delayed type hypersensitivity to mycobacterium leprae is associated with a high level of protection against lepromatous leprosy, while the value of tuberculin sensitivity in leprosy is less pronounced. cutaneous lymphocytes, isolated from the mitsuda reaction of a ppd-positive individual not previously exposed to m. leprae, were cloned with dharmendra lepromin and analysed for antigen specificity. thirteen lepromin-responsive cell lines were derived, with greater ... | 1988 | 2458870 |
| gene isolation with human t lymphocyte probes. isolation of a gene that expresses an epitope recognized by t cells specific for mycobacterium bovis bcg and pathogenic mycobacteria. | we have used human cd4+ t lymphocyte clones as primary probes to identify and isolate lambda gt11 rdna clones that express epitopes recognized by t cells. the method that we describe here permits a direct survey of t cell epitope coding sequences in genomic dna or cdna libraries. a lambda gt11 library of mycobacterium leprae dna was screened with m. leprae-reactive human t cell clones as probes, allowing the isolation of a m. leprae dna clone encoding the unidentified ag. this dna clone differs ... | 1988 | 2459226 |
| epitopes of the mycobacterium tuberculosis 65-kilodalton protein antigen as recognized by human t cells. | a synthetic peptide approach has been used to identify the epitopes recognized by clonal and polyclonal human t cells reactive to the recombinant mycobacterial 65-kda protein ag. three of the four epitopes identified were recognized as cross-reactive between mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium leprae, although their amino acid sequence in two of three cases was not identical. the peptide (231-245) defining an epitope recognized as specific to the m. tuberculosis complex contains two sub ... | 1988 | 2459228 |
| a mycobacterium leprae-specific human t cell epitope cross-reactive with an hla-dr2 peptide. | mycobacterium leprae induces t cell reactivity and protective immunity in the majority of exposed individuals, but the minority that develop leprosy exhibit various types of immunopathology. thus, the definition of epitopes on m. leprae antigens that are recognized by t cells from different individuals might result in the development of an effective vaccine against leprosy. a sequence from the 65-kd protein of this organism was recognized by two hla-dr2-restricted, m. leprae-specific helper t ce ... | 1988 | 2459778 |
| [bacterial sampling using lymph node puncture-aspiration. a study of 50 patients with leprosy]. | fine needle aspiration of lymph nodes was performed in 50 leprosy patients and was compared with usual techniques of bacillary smears taken from nasal mucosa, ear lobule and cutaneous lesion we found that the former was more sensible (30%) regarding bacteriologic and morphologic (34%) indices; moreover this proceeding was more sensible (50%) en patients with type ii leprosy reaction. after 6 month-multi-therapy schedule in 3 patients, the morphologic index decreases 2 points (sfg) and bacteriolo ... | 1988 | 2459893 |
| a comparative evaluation of serological assays for lepromatous leprosy. | 1988 | 2462146 | |
| auramine staining in detecting small number of bacilli in skin smears. | auramine staining has been compared with ziehl-neelsen's staining of m. leprae in skin smear slide. the auramine method was found to be more sensitive than ziehl-neelsen's method and may be useful in detecting small number of m. leprae in skin smears. the inter-observer variance was minimal with auramine staining. | 1988 | 2462604 |
| anti-neural antibodies in leprosy sera: further characterization of the antigens. | sera or plasmas from 129 leprosy patients were tested by immunoblotting for antibodies that bound to proteins in a triton-insoluble fraction enriched in neural intermediate filaments (if fraction) from human or bovine spinal cord. sixty samples (47%) showed positive staining of proteins at 35 kda, 42 kda or both. the presence of these antibodies appeared to be evenly distributed across the spectrum of disease. the frequency of these antibodies in samples from 12 healthy ethiopians was similar to ... | 1989 | 2463996 |
| serologic responses to mycobacterium leprae-specific phenolic glycolipid-i antigen in sooty mangabey monkeys with experimental leprosy. | four pairs of sooty mangabey monkeys (cercocebus atys) were inoculated with serial, 10-fold dilutions of mycobacterium leprae. the highest-dose pair received 4.8 x 10(10) m. leprae. serum samples were obtained and clinical signs of leprosy were recorded at intervals of 35 months. longitudinal serum samples were assayed by an elisa method for the presence of igg and igm antibodies to the m. leprae-specific phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i) antigen. in general, the onset of disease symptoms paralleled ... | 1988 | 2464657 |
| partial nucleotide sequence of 16s ribosomal rna isolated from armadillo-grown mycobacterium leprae. | ribosomal rna (rrna) was isolated from mycobacterium leprae recovered from infected tissue of the nine-banded armadillo, and nucleotide sequences near the 3' end of the 16s species were determined by primer extension in the presence of dideoxynucleotides. previously published data for bacterial 16s rrnas show a pattern of conserved and non-conserved sequences that fit a common secondary structure. our data for m. leprae fits this general pattern. | 1988 | 2464663 |
| characterization of an antibody-binding epitope from the 18-kda protein on mycobacterium leprae. | a murine mab, designated l5, appears to be specific for an epitope on a protein from mycobacterium leprae of restricted distribution within the mycobacteria. this protein, of mr 18,000 (18 kda) is of interest because monoclonal antibodies raised against it do not appear to cross-react with other mycobacterial pathogens. the l5 antibody-binding epitope has been mapped by two complementary methods; expression of gene fragments and synthesis of short peptides. this l5-binding region of the 18-kda p ... | 1989 | 2465346 |
| evidence for a highly conserved, immunoreactive lipid in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a survey of the fractionated lipids of mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv was conducted using rabbit antiserum raised to homologous and heterologous mycobacteria. one minor, highly apolar lipid was resolved by florisil column chromatography, which reacted preferentially to anti-m. tuberculosis h37rv rabbit antibodies. other chromatographic properties, i.e., thin-layer chromatographic mobility and staining properties, suggested an analog of the phenolic glycolipid of mycobacterium leprae. prelimina ... | 1989 | 2466430 |
| use of an antigen-capture assay for characterisation of monoclonal antibodies to mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan. | monoclonal antibodies directed to six separate antigen molecules of mycobacterium leprae have been tested in an antigen-capture assay based on combined use of polyclonal ("capture") and monoclonal ("detector") antibody reagents. this approach provides a potentially versatile, sensitive and specific assay for detection and relative quantitation of m. leprae antigens. characterisation of monoclonal antibodies to mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan (lam-b) by the antigen-capture assay indicates that so ... | 1989 | 2467001 |
| histopathologic observations on the persistence of mycobacterium leprae in the skin of multibacillary leprosy patients under chemotherapy. | 1988 | 2468983 | |
| structure of mycobacteria: recent developments in defining cell wall carbohydrates and proteins. | work from this laboratory on the immunogens of mycobacterium species has focused on those based on carbohydrates (with a view to the development of specific tools for the serodiagnosis of mycobacterioses) and on the cell-wall proteins, as a source of protective immunity and as a means of observing specific delayed-type hypersensitivity. most mycobacteria are endowed with specific, highly antigenic glycolipids that are powerful for the serodiagnosis of individual mycobacterial infections: e.g., t ... | 1989 | 2469120 |
| in vitro methods for determination of viability of mycobacteria: comparison of atp content, morphological index and fda-eb fluorescent staining in mycobacterium leprae. | 1988 | 2469924 | |
| new data on the ultrastructure of the membrane of mycobacterium leprae. | in previous reports on the ultrastructure of mycobacterium leprae, we described the occurrence of symmetric membranes in normal-looking bacilli from fresh or frozen samples primarily fixed with aldehydes. in those reports we admitted that such a symmetric profile, which is not found in the other normal mycobacteria, would not represent the structure of the normal membrane of the leprosy bacillus. we, therefore, re-analyzed the ultrastructure of the membrane of m. leprae. in the present work the ... | 1989 | 2471759 |
| specificity of mycobacterium tuberculosis phenolic glycolipid (pgl-tb1) antiserum. | the specificity of mycobacterium tuberculosis anti-pgl-tb1 antiserum prepared in rabbits was evaluated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. it was found that the antiserum immunoreacted with its homologous antigen but not with purified phenolic glycolipids from m. bovis bcg (mycoside b), m. kansasii (mycoside a), m. leprae (pgl-i) or m. marinum (mycoside g). the analysis of chloroform/methanol extracts from 15 strains of m. tuberculosis showed that all formed the antigen except the type stra ... | 1988 | 2472828 |
| cd2 expression and function in lepromatous leprosy. | leprosy is a spectral disease in which clinical presentation is thought to be related to the host immune response. previous investigations have suggested that selective unresponsiveness to mycobacterium leprae in patients with lepromatous leprosy is due to the presence of m. leprae-specific t-suppressor cells. however, it has recently been suggested that cd2 modulation was the mechanism for the observed impaired immune response in lepromatous patients. therefore, we studied the expression of cd2 ... | 1989 | 2474503 |
| biosynthetic pathways in mycobacterium leprae. | the scope of this paper is biosynthetic pathways which are found generally in living organisms. many are present in m. leprae but some are lacking, perhaps reflecting the parasitic mode of existence of this microbe. the biosynthesis of nucleotides (the immediate precursors of nucleic acids) and fatty acids (intermediates in the biosynthesis of most if not all mycobacterial lipids) has been studied in detail in m. leprae. for the former, m. leprae appears incapable of synthesising its own purines ... | 1989 | 2475005 |
| the primary structure of the 16srrna of mycobacterium leprae: its use in phylogeny and development of dna probes. | two long stretches of the 16s from mycobacterium leprae were sequenced using reverses transcriptase and the chain termination technique. homology values were calculated for 11 cultivable mycobacteria and a phylogenetic tree constructed from evolutionary distance values (knuc). slow and fast growing mycobacteria used in this study form a taxonomic unit but were phylogenetically well separated. it could be confirmed that m. leprae is a true member of the slowly growing pathogenic mycobacteria bran ... | 1989 | 2475006 |
| studies on ribosomal rna genes of mycobacteria including m. leprae. | information about specific genes specially of pathogenic mycobacteria could be used to unequivocally identify isolates of mycobacteria which are of clinical interest. both eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomal rna (rrna) genes have been shown to comprise sequences which are conserved and others which are divergent. in the present study, rrna genes from several cultivable mycobacteria including m. tuberculosis and armadillo derived m. leprae have been investigated. rrna was isolated, made radioact ... | 1989 | 2475007 |
| improved staining of leprosy bacilli in tissues. | a technique which reliably demonstrates mycobacterium leprae, m. tuberculosis and fungi in tissues is described. it is based on the oxidation of cell wall lipid substances by chromic or periodic acid, and the subsequent release of aldehydes which are then capable of reducing ammoniacal silver salt solutions to metallic silver. the organisms so demonstrated appear uniformly solid. the sensitivity of the method and the ease of examination and recognition of bacilli and their products are recommend ... | 1989 | 2475732 |
| [serologic demonstration of the activity of a mycobacterium leprae antigen obtained by chemical synthesis]. | following the chemical isolation and characterization of the glycolipid phenolic i by hunter and brennan in 1981, derived from infected armadillo liver, studies were continued to achieve the chemical synthesis of this trisaccharide, which is part of the glycolipid and, as it has been demonstrated, was the major antigenic determinant of this substance. the synthetic antigen obtained by fujiwara in 1984 and gigg in 1985, was conjugated with bovine albumin. immunodominance of the terminal residue 3 ... | 1989 | 2475894 |
| structure of mycobacterial antigens. | 1988 | 2476193 | |
| the mapping of epitopes of the 18-kda protein of mycobacterium leprae recognized by murine t cells in a proliferation assay. | the 18-kda protein of mycobacterium leprae was purified from recombinant plasmids pul108 and pml-3 grown in saccharomyces cerevisiae and escherichia coli, respectively. significant lymphoproliferative responses were observed when t cells from immunized mice were challenged in culture with purified 18-kda protein. synthetic peptides have been prepared that span most of the 148 amino acid residues that constitute the sequence of the 18-kda protein and used to map epitopes recognized by t cells. wh ... | 1989 | 2476491 |
| effect of chemotherapy on viability of mycobacterium leprae as determined by atp content, morphological index and fda-eb fluorescent staining. | viable bacterial populations were estimated in bacilli purified from 105 biopsies from 40 untreated and 65 multibacillary leprosy patients treated with multidrug therapy (mdt) for varying periods. the bacilli were purified and viability was determined by atp content, morphological index (mi), and fluorescein diacetate-ethidium bromide (fda-eb) staining. viable populations were calculated, taking 3.58 x 10(-15) g/solid bacillus as the mean atp content of a viable unit of mycobacterium leprae. the ... | 1989 | 2476522 |
| susceptibilities of mycobacterium leprae and m. avium complex to the h2o2-fe-mediated halogenation system supplemented with antimicrobial agents. | the susceptibilities of mycobacterium leprae and m. avium complex (mac) to the h2-o2-fe-mediated halogenation system supplemented with antimicrobial agents were evaluated by fluorescein diacetate-ethidium bromide (fda/eb) staining. in the case of m. leprae, the number of greenstained bacteria (intact cells) was reduced in the presence of the h2o2-fe-mediated halogenation system supplemented with agents possessing antileprosy activity, such as rifampin, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone (dapsone), clof ... | 1989 | 2476523 |
| analysis of human antibody epitopes on the 65-kilodalton protein of mycobacterium leprae by using synthetic peptides. | in order to study antibody reactivity to the mycobacterium leprae 65-kilodalton (kda) antigen, peptides representing overlapping sequences of the 65-kda protein were synthesized, and a recombinant protein expression system for r65-kda was constructed. mouse monoclonal antibodies and leprosy patient seroreactivity to peptides and r65-kda were tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. all seven of the monoclonal antibodies used in this study reacted with their previously defined epitopes whe ... | 1989 | 2478477 |
| reliability of skin smear results: experiences with quality control of skin smears in different routine services in leprosy control programmes. | the quality control of skin smears is an important tool in improving the diagnosis of leprosy. we evaluated the skin smears sent to us by 50 laboratory technicians of 29 projects in asia, africa and south america. the skin smears were judged according to taking, staining and reading. the correlation was altogether satisfactory. in reading, a low correlation was found in 11% (42 slides) and it was seen that the highest percentage of low correlations was found in the false negative smears. the eva ... | 1989 | 2478853 |